TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of polymerization initiator complexation in methacrylated beta-cyclodextrin formulations. AN - 71912961; 15134938 AB - Methacrylated beta-cyclodextrin (MCD) is a candidate dental monomer that can complex molecules within its hydrophobic cavity. This study determined the effects of complexation of polymerization initiators such as camphorquinone (CQ) and ethyl-4-dimethylaminobenzoate (4E) with MCD on the flexural strength (FS) and degree of conversion (DC) of resulting dental composite formulations. Complexation of CQ and 4E with MCD was studied by thin layer chromatography. A mass fraction of 44% 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate or triethyleneglycoldimethacrylate was mixed separately with a mass fraction of 56% MCD to produce a workable formulation. The mixture was activated with varied amounts of CQ and 4E. One part by mass of the activated resin formulation was mixed with three parts by mass of glass filler. Specimens for FS were prepared by filling molds with composites and curing for 2 min. The cured specimens were immersed in 37 degrees C water for 24 h and FS was measured with an Instron machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. DC in MCD-based resin formulations was measured with a differential photocalorimeter under nitrogen. MCD appears to form inclusion complexes with CQ and 4E. As a result, FS and DC of MCD-based composites vary significantly as a function of the concentration of polymerization initiators used in the formulations. Complexation of polymerization initiators with MCD can influence the FS and DC in MCD-based dental formulations and should be taken into consideration when evaluating MCD as a dental monomer. JF - Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials AU - Hussain, Latiff A AU - Dickens, Sabine H AU - Bowen, Rafael L AD - Paffenbarger Research Center, American Dental Association Health Foundation, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8546, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA. latiff.hussain@nist.gov Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - July 2004 SP - 513 EP - 521 VL - 20 IS - 6 SN - 0109-5641, 0109-5641 KW - Aminobenzoates KW - 0 KW - Composite Resins KW - Cyclodextrins KW - Methacrylates KW - Terpenes KW - beta-Cyclodextrins KW - camphoroquinone KW - 465-29-2 KW - betadex KW - JV039JZZ3A KW - Dentistry KW - Molecular Structure KW - Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Aminobenzoates -- chemistry KW - Pliability KW - Terpenes -- chemistry KW - Methacrylates -- chemistry KW - Materials Testing KW - Phase Transition KW - Statistics, Nonparametric KW - Cyclodextrins -- chemistry KW - Composite Resins -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71912961?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dental+materials+%3A+official+publication+of+the+Academy+of+Dental+Materials&rft.atitle=Effects+of+polymerization+initiator+complexation+in+methacrylated+beta-cyclodextrin+formulations.&rft.au=Hussain%2C+Latiff+A%3BDickens%2C+Sabine+H%3BBowen%2C+Rafael+L&rft.aulast=Hussain&rft.aufirst=Latiff&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=513&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Dental+materials+%3A+official+publication+of+the+Academy+of+Dental+Materials&rft.issn=01095641&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-09-17 N1 - Date created - 2004-05-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of the developmental toxicity of Caribbean ciguatoxins in finfish embryos. AN - 66664663; 15225563 AB - Since oviparous fishes mobilize fat stores to produce eggs, we investigated the potential for deposition of gonadal ciguatoxins to the oil laden yolk sacs which nourish developing embryos, and characterized the effects of these toxins on finfish development. Results showed that ciguatoxins are more concentrated in the egg mass (0.18 ng/g) of a toxic fish than in the muscle (<0.04 ng/g). We used a microinjection technique in a Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) developmental fish model to mimic the maternal route of toxin exposure to finfish embryos. We describe the developmental effects of two preparations isolated from Caribbean great barracuda (Sphyraena barracuda): a highly purified toxin (C-CTX-1), and ciguatoxins extracted from the flesh of a toxic fish. C-CTX-1 induced a significant decrease in heart rate after four days, which did not persist with further development. Crude extracts from ciguatoxic fish flesh induced hyperkinetic twitching and severe spinal deformities. These effects were observed in embryos receiving as little as 5 pg/egg, and were consistently found in embryos receiving doses exceeding 10 pg/egg. The occurrence of twitching and spinal deformities increased in both frequency and severity with dose. Larvae suffering from spinal abnormalities were unable to orient themselves, and could not feed, resulting in mortality. The greater distribution of toxin to eggs as compared to flesh suggests that fish with low to moderate (0.5 ppb) flesh toxin levels would maternally transfer detrimental amounts of ciguatoxins to their offspring. JF - Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology AU - Colman, Jamie R AU - Dechraoui, Marie-Yasmine Bottein AU - Dickey, Robert W AU - Ramsdell, John S AD - Marine Biotoxins Program, Center for Coastal Environmental Health and Biomolecular Research, NOAA, National Ocean Service, Charleston, SC 29412, USA. Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - July 2004 SP - 59 EP - 66 VL - 44 IS - 1 SN - 0041-0101, 0041-0101 KW - Ciguatoxins KW - 11050-21-8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Musculoskeletal Abnormalities -- chemically induced KW - Heart Rate -- drug effects KW - Yolk Sac -- metabolism KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Hyperkinesis -- chemically induced KW - Microinjections KW - Ovum -- metabolism KW - Ciguatoxins -- toxicity KW - Embryo, Nonmammalian -- abnormalities KW - Ciguatoxins -- pharmacokinetics KW - Perciformes KW - Embryo, Nonmammalian -- drug effects KW - Oryzias -- embryology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66664663?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicon+%3A+official+journal+of+the+International+Society+on+Toxinology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+the+developmental+toxicity+of+Caribbean+ciguatoxins+in+finfish+embryos.&rft.au=Colman%2C+Jamie+R%3BDechraoui%2C+Marie-Yasmine+Bottein%3BDickey%2C+Robert+W%3BRamsdell%2C+John+S&rft.aulast=Colman&rft.aufirst=Jamie&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicon+%3A+official+journal+of+the+International+Society+on+Toxinology&rft.issn=00410101&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-09-13 N1 - Date created - 2004-06-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying the fate of mercury in the Great Lakes Basin: toward an ecosystem approach. AN - 66663518; 15220064 AB - We argue that the need to reduce human exposure to mercury in the Great Lakes Basin and thus reduce the risk of adverse effects can be accomplished only by reducing the quantity of all mercury species cycling in the ecosystem. It is pointed out that much can be learned from experiences with PCBs. PCB concentrations and exposures have been reduced, in part, because a clear picture has been established of relative sources and PCB' s environmental fate in the form of mass balance models, which document the "big picture" of PCB behavior at a range of scales. It is suggested that a similar strategy is needed for mercury as part of the effort to protect human health throughout the entire Great Lakes ecosystem. JF - Environmental research AU - Mackay, Don AU - Toose, Liisa AD - Canadian Environmental Modeling Center, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Dr., Peterborough, Ontario, Canada K9J 7B8. dmackay@trentu.ca Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - July 2004 SP - 298 EP - 304 VL - 95 IS - 3 SN - 0013-9351, 0013-9351 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - Ecosystem KW - Public Health KW - Humans KW - Great Lakes Region KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- analysis KW - Risk Assessment KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- adverse effects KW - Mercury -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis KW - Mercury -- chemistry KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66663518?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+research&rft.atitle=Quantifying+the+fate+of+mercury+in+the+Great+Lakes+Basin%3A+toward+an+ecosystem+approach.&rft.au=Mackay%2C+Don%3BToose%2C+Liisa&rft.aulast=Mackay&rft.aufirst=Don&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=298&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+research&rft.issn=00139351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-08-03 N1 - Date created - 2004-06-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the atmospheric transport and deposition of mercury to the Great Lakes. AN - 66661904; 15220060 AB - A special version of the NOAA HYSPLIT_4 model has been developed and used to estimate the atmospheric fate and transport of mercury in a North American modeling domain. Spatial and chemical interpolation procedures were used to expand the modeling results and provide estimates of the contribution of each source in a 1996 anthropogenic US/Canadian emissions inventory to atmospheric mercury deposition to the Great Lakes. While there are uncertainties in the emissions inventories and ambient data suitable for model evaluation are scarce, model results were found to be reasonably consistent with wet deposition measurements in the Great Lakes region and with independent measurement-based estimates of deposition to Lake Michigan. Sources up to 2000 km from the Great Lakes contributed significant amounts of mercury through atmospheric transport and deposition. While there were significant contributions from incineration and metallurgical sources, coal combustion was generally found to be the largest contributor to atmospheric mercury deposition to the Great Lakes. JF - Environmental research AU - Cohen, Mark AU - Artz, Richard AU - Draxler, Roland AU - Miller, Paul AU - Poissant, Laurier AU - Niemi, David AU - Ratté, Dominique AU - Deslauriers, Marc AU - Duval, Roch AU - Laurin, Rachelle AU - Slotnick, Jennifer AU - Nettesheim, Todd AU - McDonald, John AD - NOAA Air Resources Laboratory, 1315 East West Highway R/ARL, Room 3316, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA. mark.cohen@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - July 2004 SP - 247 EP - 265 VL - 95 IS - 3 SN - 0013-9351, 0013-9351 KW - Coal KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - Incineration KW - Great Lakes Region KW - Air Movements KW - Metallurgy KW - Mercury -- analysis KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis KW - Mercury -- chemistry KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66661904?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+research&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+atmospheric+transport+and+deposition+of+mercury+to+the+Great+Lakes.&rft.au=Cohen%2C+Mark%3BArtz%2C+Richard%3BDraxler%2C+Roland%3BMiller%2C+Paul%3BPoissant%2C+Laurier%3BNiemi%2C+David%3BRatt%C3%A9%2C+Dominique%3BDeslauriers%2C+Marc%3BDuval%2C+Roch%3BLaurin%2C+Rachelle%3BSlotnick%2C+Jennifer%3BNettesheim%2C+Todd%3BMcDonald%2C+John&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+research&rft.issn=00139351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-08-03 N1 - Date created - 2004-06-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Winter storms; sequential sediment traps record Daphnia ephippial production, resuspension, and sediment interactions AN - 51705046; 2005-044413 AB - For species that do not over-winter, an essential part of the life cycle is the production of diapausing eggs. We use sequential sediment traps in southern Lake Michigan (1997-2000) to capture settling Daphnia ephippia and sediments, characterizing ephippial production and sediment interactions during hazardous conditions. Each year, there was an enormous pulse of D. mendotae ephippia (ca. 7.2X10 (super 13) ephippia, 1.2X10 (super 14) diapausing eggs) that coincided with autumn population decline. Most ephippia settled through the water column, although a few were captured at the water surface and blown shoreward. The duration and amplitude of the autumn ephippial fluxes were similar among years. Ephippial production was positively correlated with water column depth, a consequence of Daphnia spatial abundance. In contrast, resuspension of ephippia was inversely related to water column depth and spatially complex, influenced by waves, coastal currents, and offshore gyre circulation. Large winter storms created nearshore sediment plumes, could resuspend vast numbers of ephippia (e.g., 10 March 1998 storm; 1.9X10 (super 12) ephippia and 3.1X10 (super 12) diapausing eggs), and were important in the formation of "egg banks". Almost all newly produced and resuspended diapausing eggs came from D. mendotae, with very few from two other species (D. retrocurva, D. dentifera) that dominated waters 12 yr ago. These observations suggest a relatively short relaxation time for species cycling out of egg banks in Lake Michigan (<10 yr), due in part to (1) differential resuspension of unconsolidated versus consolidated sediments and (2) the spatially restricted nature of "high-sedimentation" zones. Our study is the first use of sequential sediment traps to document diapause egg production. JF - Limnology and Oceanography AU - Kerfoot, W Charles AU - Budd, Judy Wells AU - Eadie, Brian J AU - Vanderploeg, Henry A AU - Agy, Megan A2 - Kerfoot, W. Charles A2 - Elser, James J. A2 - Mittelbach, Gary G. A2 - Hairston, Nelson G., Jr. Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - July 2004 SP - 1365 EP - 1381 PB - American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Ann Arbor, MI VL - 49 IS - 4, Part 2 SN - 0024-3590, 0024-3590 KW - United States KW - techniques KW - suspended materials KW - plankton KW - Cladocera KW - Lake Michigan KW - sediments KW - Invertebrata KW - Great Lakes KW - ecology KW - storms KW - sediment traps KW - lacustrine sedimentation KW - North America KW - Crustacea KW - sedimentation KW - suspension KW - biologic evolution KW - Daphnia KW - cold weather survival KW - Branchiopoda KW - adaptation KW - eggs KW - Arthropoda KW - Mandibulata KW - zooplankton KW - lake sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51705046?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Limnology+and+Oceanography&rft.atitle=Winter+storms%3B+sequential+sediment+traps+record+Daphnia+ephippial+production%2C+resuspension%2C+and+sediment+interactions&rft.au=Kerfoot%2C+W+Charles%3BBudd%2C+Judy+Wells%3BEadie%2C+Brian+J%3BVanderploeg%2C+Henry+A%3BAgy%2C+Megan&rft.aulast=Kerfoot&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=4%2C+Part+2&rft.spage=1365&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Limnology+and+Oceanography&rft.issn=00243590&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://aslo.org/lo/toc/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Conference on Planktonic biodiversity; scaling up and down N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 76 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - LIOCAH N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adaptation; Arthropoda; biologic evolution; Branchiopoda; Cladocera; cold weather survival; Crustacea; Daphnia; ecology; eggs; Great Lakes; Invertebrata; lacustrine sedimentation; Lake Michigan; lake sediments; Mandibulata; North America; plankton; sediment traps; sedimentation; sediments; storms; suspended materials; suspension; techniques; United States; zooplankton ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Emissions of ozone-depleting substances in Russia during 2001 AN - 28257916; 200504-31-07963 (CE); 05998882 (EN); A05-45-25950 (AH) AB - There is a long-standing need for measurement-based estimates of the emissions of ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) in Russia. This need arises from > 20 years of globally important ODS manufacture in Russia that reportedly ceased in December 2000, for which only aggregated, unaudited production figures are available. The integrity of these production figures is questionable because, for nearly the last decade, the global emissions of several important ODSs estimated from global production figures (production-based estimates) have been insufficient to account for their measured atmospheric burdens. Are these shortfalls in worldwide production-based estimates the result of Russian emissions that are inordinate relative to the reported production figures? We estimate Russian emissions of six ODSs (chlorofluorocarbon-11 (CFC-11, CCl sub(3)F), CFC-12 (CCl sub(2)F sub(2)), CFC-113 (CCl sub(2)FCClF sub(2)), carbon tetrachloride (CCl sub(4)), methyl chloroform (CH sub(3)CCl sub(3)), and halon-1211 (CBrClF sub(2))) from thousands of measurements of their mixing ratios along 8500 km of the Russian trans-Siberian railway in June-July 2001. Our measurement-based estimates indicate that Russian emissions in 2001, even if grossly underestimated because of underreported production, were insufficient in magnitude to play a major role in recent global emission shortfalls. The results also corroborate the reported termination of CFC production in Russia at the end of 2000. The large CFC-12 emissions observed in Russia suggest that a recent estimate of the global CFC-12 reserve is too small. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. D. Atmospheres AU - Hurst, D F AU - Romashkin, P A AU - Elkins, J W AU - Oberlaender, E A AU - Elansky, N F AU - Belikov, I B AU - Granberg, I G AU - Golitsyn, G S AU - Grisenko, A M AU - Brenninkmeijer, C A M AU - Crutzen, P J AD - Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USAClimate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory, NOAA, Boulder, Colorado, USA PY - 2004 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave, NW, Washington, DC, 20009-1277, USA, [URL:http://www.agu.org] VL - 109 IS - D14 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN); Aerospace & High Technology (AH) KW - Citation No. D14303 KW - Ozone depletion KW - Chlorofluorocarbons KW - Air pollution KW - Man environment interactions KW - Chloroform KW - Mixing ratios KW - Emission analysis KW - Atmospherics KW - Atmospheres KW - Carbon tetrachloride KW - Emission KW - Geophysics KW - Article KW - EE 20:Air Pollution: Monitoring, Control & Remediation (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/28257916?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Emissions+of+ozone-depleting+substances+in+Russia+during+2001&rft.au=Hurst%2C+D+F%3BRomashkin%2C+P+A%3BElkins%2C+J+W%3BOberlaender%2C+E+A%3BElansky%2C+N+F%3BBelikov%2C+I+B%3BGranberg%2C+I+G%3BGolitsyn%2C+G+S%3BGrisenko%2C+A+M%3BBrenninkmeijer%2C+C+A+M%3BCrutzen%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Hurst&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=D14&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2004JD004633 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004JD004633 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gas-phase chemical characteristics of Asian emission plumes observed during ITCT 2K2 over the eastern North Pacific Ocean AN - 21031098; 5998898 AB - The gas-phase chemical characteristics of emission plumes transported from Asia across the Pacific Ocean observed during the Intercontinental Transport and Chemical Transformation experiment in 2002 (ITCT 2K2) are described. Plumes measured in the troposphere from an aircraft were separated from the background air in data analysis using 1-s measurements of carbon monoxide (CO), total reactive nitrogen (NOy), and other gas-phase species along with back trajectory analysis. On the basis of these measurements, Asian transport plumes with CO mixing ratios greater than 150 ppbv were observed on seven flights. Correlations between 1-s observations of CO, ozone (O sub(3)), and NOy are used to characterize the plumes. The NOy/CO ratios were similar in each plume and significantly lower than those derived from estimated Asian emission ratios, indicating substantial removal of soluble NOy species during transport. Observations of nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO sub(2)), nitric acid (HNO sub(3)), peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), peroxypropionyl nitrate (PPN), and alkyl nitrates are used with the NOy measurements to further distinguish the transport plumes by their NOy partitioning. NOy was primarily in the form of PAN in plumes that were transported in cold high-latitude and high-altitude regions, whereas in plumes transported in warmer, lower latitude and altitude regions, NOy was mainly HNO sub(3). Additional gas-phase species enhanced in these plumes include sulfuric acid, methanol, acetone, propane, and ethane. The O sub(3)/CO ratio varied among the plumes and was affected by the mixing of anthropogenic and stratospheric influences. The complexity of this mixing prevents the determination of the relative contribution of anthropogenic and stratospheric influences to the observed O sub(3) levels. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. D. Atmospheres AU - Nowak, J B AU - Parrish, D D AU - Neuman, JA AU - Holloway, J S AU - Cooper, O R AU - Ryerson, T B AU - Nicks, D K AU - Flocke, F AU - Roberts, J M AU - Atlas, E AU - De Gouw, JA AU - Donnelly, S AU - Dunlea, E AU - Huebler, G AU - Huey, L G AU - Schauffler, S AU - Tanner, D J AU - Warneke, C AU - Fehsenfeld, F C AD - Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, USACooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - July 2004 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [mailto:service@agu.org] VL - 109 IS - D23 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Citation No. D23S19 KW - intercontinental transport KW - reactive nitrogen KW - emission plumes KW - ITCT 2K2 KW - 0345 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Pollution-urban and regional (0305) KW - 0365 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere-composition and chemistry KW - 0368 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere-constituent transport and chemistry. KW - acetone KW - Atmospheric pollution chemistry KW - altitude KW - ethane KW - Nitrogen dioxide KW - Carbon monoxide KW - Carbon monoxide measurements KW - IN, North Pacific KW - Aircraft KW - INW, Asia KW - Emission measurements KW - Emissions KW - Nitric acid KW - Air trajectory tracing KW - Asia KW - Plumes KW - Plume dispersion KW - Ozone KW - Atmospheric gases KW - Airplane observation of atmospheric pollution KW - Nitrates KW - anthropogenic factors KW - Nitrogen compounds in atmosphere KW - Troposphere KW - Nitric acids KW - Stratosphere KW - Trace gases in atmosphere measurements KW - Photochemicals KW - INE, Pacific KW - Oceans KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - latitude KW - Acetone KW - Nitrogen compounds KW - Sulphuric acid KW - Nitrogen KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - Q2 09188:Atmospheric chemistry KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.507.352:Aircraft (551.507.352) KW - O 2050:Chemical Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21031098?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Gas-phase+chemical+characteristics+of+Asian+emission+plumes+observed+during+ITCT+2K2+over+the+eastern+North+Pacific+Ocean&rft.au=Nowak%2C+J+B%3BParrish%2C+D+D%3BNeuman%2C+JA%3BHolloway%2C+J+S%3BCooper%2C+O+R%3BRyerson%2C+T+B%3BNicks%2C+D+K%3BFlocke%2C+F%3BRoberts%2C+J+M%3BAtlas%2C+E%3BDe+Gouw%2C+JA%3BDonnelly%2C+S%3BDunlea%2C+E%3BHuebler%2C+G%3BHuey%2C+L+G%3BSchauffler%2C+S%3BTanner%2C+D+J%3BWarneke%2C+C%3BFehsenfeld%2C+F+C&rft.aulast=Nowak&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=D23&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003JD004488 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon monoxide; Atmospheric gases; Nitrates; Atmospheric chemistry; Troposphere; Acetone; Nitric acids; Nitrogen compounds; Plumes; Sulphuric acid; Ozone; Carbon monoxide measurements; Airplane observation of atmospheric pollution; Atmospheric pollution chemistry; Nitrogen compounds in atmosphere; Air trajectory tracing; Trace gases in atmosphere measurements; Plume dispersion; acetone; anthropogenic factors; altitude; ethane; Stratosphere; Nitrogen dioxide; Photochemicals; Aircraft; Oceans; Emissions; Emission measurements; Nitric acid; latitude; Nitrogen; IN, North Pacific; INE, Pacific; INW, Asia; Asia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JD004488 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Southern California wildfires, October 20 to November 3, 2003. AN - 20167454; 8075663 JF - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. [np]. Jul 2004. Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - July 2004 PB - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Wildfires CaliforniaPrevention and controlEvaluation. KW - Wildfire forecasting CaliforniaEvaluation KW - Emergency management CaliforniaEvaluation KW - Wildfires KW - Marine KW - wildfire KW - Oceanography KW - Governments KW - USA, California KW - Marine sciences KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q1 08101:General works KW - Q2 09101:General works UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20167454?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Sustainability+Science+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Southern+California+wildfires%2C+October+20+to+November+3%2C+2003.&rft.title=Southern+California+wildfires%2C+October+20+to+November+3%2C+2003.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Pyocyanin on a Crude-Oil-Degrading Microbial Community AN - 19807306; 5963383 AB - Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an n-alkane degrader that is frequently isolated from petroleum-contaminated sites and produces factors that enhance its competitiveness and survival in many environments. In this study, one such factor, pyocyanin, has been detected in an oil-degrading culture containing P. aeruginosa and is a redox-active compound capable of inhibiting microbial growth. To examine the effects of pyocyanin further, an oil-degrading culture was grown with and without 9.5 mu M pyocyanin and microbial community structure and oil degradation were monitored for 50 days. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis of cultures revealed a decrease in the microbial community diversity in the pyocyanin-amended cultures compared to that of the unamended cultures. Two members of the microbial community in pure culture exhibited intermediate and high sensitivities to pyocyanin corresponding to intermediate and low levels of activity for the antioxidant enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase, respectively. Another member of the community that remained constant in the DGGE gels over the 50-day culture incubation period exhibited no sensitivity to pyocyanin, corresponding to a high level of catalase and superoxide dismutase when examined in pure culture. Pyocyanin also affected the overall degradation of the crude oil. At 50 days, the culture without pyocyanin had decreased polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons compared to the pyocyanin-amended culture, with a specific reduction in the degradation of dibenzothiophenes, naphthalenes, and C sub(29) and C sub(30) hopanes. This study demonstrated that pyocyanin influenced the diversity of the microbial community and suggests the importance of understanding how interspecies interactions influence the degradation capability of a microbial community. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Norman, RSean AU - Moeller, Peter AU - Mcdonald, Thomas J AU - Morris, Pamela J AD - Marine Biomedicine and Environmental Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina. Center for Coastal Environmental Health and Biomolecular Research and Hollings Marine Laboratory, U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Charleston, South Carolina Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - Jul 2004 SP - 4004 EP - 4011 PB - American Society for Microbiology, 1752 N Street N.W. Washington, DC 20036 USA, [URL:http://www.asm.org/] VL - 70 IS - 7 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis KW - pyocyanin KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Ecology Abstracts KW - Pure culture KW - Biodegradation KW - Antioxidants KW - Survival KW - Oil KW - Crude oil KW - Superoxide dismutase KW - Petroleum KW - Pseudomonas aeruginosa KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Electrophoresis KW - dibenzothiophene KW - Naphthalene KW - Enzymes KW - N-Alkanes KW - Catalase KW - Gel electrophoresis KW - Community structure KW - hopanes KW - Competitiveness KW - A 01063:Utilization KW - D 04804:Pollution control KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - J 02320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19807306?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Pyocyanin+on+a+Crude-Oil-Degrading+Microbial+Community&rft.au=Norman%2C+RSean%3BMoeller%2C+Peter%3BMcdonald%2C+Thomas+J%3BMorris%2C+Pamela+J&rft.aulast=Norman&rft.aufirst=RSean&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=4004&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pure culture; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Antioxidants; Biodegradation; dibenzothiophene; Enzymes; Naphthalene; Survival; N-Alkanes; Gel electrophoresis; Catalase; pyocyanin; Oil; Superoxide dismutase; Community structure; Petroleum; Competitiveness; hopanes; Electrophoresis; Crude oil; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Particle tracking method in the approach for prediction of oil slick transport in the sea: modelling oil pollution resulting from river input AN - 19578305; 5938323 AB - A 3-D hybrid flow/transport model has been developed to predict the dispersal of oil pollution resulting from river discharges. The transport module of the model takes predetermined current and turbulent diffusivities and uses Lagrangian tracking to predict the motion of individual particles (droplets), the sum of which constitutes hypothetical oil spills. Currents and turbulent diffusivities used in the model have been generated by a numerical ocean circulation model (POM) implemented for the Caspian Sea. The basic processes affecting the fate of the oil spill are taken into account and parameterised in the transport model. The process of evaporation is modelled with a new technique based on the pseudo-component approach. The model is used to simulate a continuous oil release from the Volga river into the coastal waters of the north part of the Caspian Sea. Oil slick movement and risk of contamination of the coastline by beaching oil spills are illustrated for different wind conditions. JF - Journal of Marine Systems AU - Korotenko, KA AU - Mamedov, R M AU - Kontar, A E AU - Korotenko, LA AD - Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 8000 Cummings Hall, Hanover, NH 03755-8000, USA, Konstantin.Korotenko@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - July 2004 SP - 159 EP - 170 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 48 IS - 1-4 SN - 0924-7963, 0924-7963 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts KW - Caspian Sea KW - Oil spill KW - River discharge KW - Particle tracking technique KW - Oil slicks KW - Evaporation KW - Russia, Volga R. KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Eurasia, Caspian Sea KW - Freshwater KW - Oil slick movement KW - Coastal morphology KW - Oil pollution KW - Oil spills KW - Modelling KW - Marine KW - River discharges KW - Mathematical models KW - Ocean circulation KW - Coastal waters KW - Lagrangian current measurement KW - Water pollution KW - Tracking KW - Currents KW - Marine pollution KW - Ocean circulation models KW - Diffusion coefficients KW - Q1 08421:Migrations and rhythms KW - M2 551.465:Structure/Dynamics/Circulation (551.465) KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - Q2 09162:Methods and instruments KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19578305?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Marine+Systems&rft.atitle=Particle+tracking+method+in+the+approach+for+prediction+of+oil+slick+transport+in+the+sea%3A+modelling+oil+pollution+resulting+from+river+input&rft.au=Korotenko%2C+KA%3BMamedov%2C+R+M%3BKontar%2C+A+E%3BKorotenko%2C+LA&rft.aulast=Korotenko&rft.aufirst=KA&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Marine+Systems&rft.issn=09247963&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jmarsys.2003.11.023 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mathematical models; Oil slicks; Pollution dispersion; River discharge; Ocean circulation; Lagrangian current measurement; Tracking; Water pollution; Coastal morphology; Oil pollution; Oil spills; Diffusion coefficients; Modelling; River discharges; Evaporation; Oil slick movement; Coastal waters; Ocean circulation models; Currents; Marine pollution; Russia, Volga R.; Caspian Sea; Eurasia, Caspian Sea; Marine; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2003.11.023 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A case study of stratosphere-troposphere exchange during the 1996 North Atlantic Regional Experiment AN - 18052598; 5998817 AB - Passive tracers are employed in a relatively high spatial and temporal resolution three-dimensional transport model to analyze a stratosphere-troposphere exchange (STE) event over the eastern United States and western North Atlantic Ocean. The model is validated against measurements taken on board the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration WP-3D Orion aircraft during the North Atlantic Regional Experiment study in the spring of 1996. Overall, the model reproduces the measurements well during the early part of the flight where there is indication of a small stratospheric intrusion. However, the very strong signatures of STE and mixing contained in the measurements later in the flight are not captured. Use of a finer horizontal resolution (20 km as opposed to 60 km) brings the model results closer to the aircraft measurements and yields higher values (50% at 7-8 km altitude) of ozone, O sub(3), with a deeper penetration into the troposphere (20% at 80-120 ppbv levels). JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. D. Atmospheres AU - McCaffery, S J AU - McKeen, SA AU - Hsie, E-Y AU - Parrish, D D AU - Cooper, O R AU - Holloway, J S AU - Huebler, G AU - Fehsenfeld, F C AU - Trainer, M AD - Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, USA Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - July 2004 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [mailto:service@agu.org] VL - 109 IS - D14 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - Horizontal resolutions KW - Modelling KW - North Atlantic Regional Experiment KW - Stratosphere-troposphere exchange KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Citation No. D14103 KW - modeling KW - STE KW - NARE KW - 0365 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere-composition and chemistry KW - 0368 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere-constituent transport and chemistry KW - 3337 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Numerical modeling and data assimilation KW - 3362 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Stratosphere/troposphere interactions. KW - Marine KW - Airborne sensing KW - Pollution detection KW - Project NARE KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Troposphere KW - Atmospheric convection KW - USA, East KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Stratosphere KW - Air pollution KW - Tracers KW - Atmospheric transport models KW - Airplane meteorological observations KW - ANW, North Atlantic KW - Airplane observation of ozone KW - Mixing processes KW - Transport processes KW - Chemical pollution KW - Ozone KW - Q5 08501:General KW - M2 551.507.352:Aircraft (551.507.352) KW - M2 551.510.529:Interaction between troposphere and stratosphere (551.510.529) KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18052598?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=A+case+study+of+stratosphere-troposphere+exchange+during+the+1996+North+Atlantic+Regional+Experiment&rft.au=McCaffery%2C+S+J%3BMcKeen%2C+SA%3BHsie%2C+E-Y%3BParrish%2C+D+D%3BCooper%2C+O+R%3BHolloway%2C+J+S%3BHuebler%2C+G%3BFehsenfeld%2C+F+C%3BTrainer%2C+M&rft.aulast=McCaffery&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=D14&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003JD004007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Airborne sensing; Pollution detection; Pollution dispersion; Atmospheric convection; Troposphere; Atmospheric circulation; Stratosphere; Air pollution; Tracers; Chemical pollution; Transport processes; Mixing processes; Ozone; Stratosphere-troposphere exchange; Airplane meteorological observations; Atmospheric transport models; Project NARE; Airplane observation of ozone; ANW, North Atlantic; USA, East; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JD004007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - AFS Draft Study Report and Policy Statement on Dam Removal AN - 17887371; 5967484 AB - In response to concerns that fish passage is blocked by man-made structures in many rivers, the American Fisheries Society's Resource Policy Committee decided in 1999 to develop a "study report" on dam removal, and to use that summary of scientific information as the basis for an AFS policy statement. For these purposes, the committee has adopted the Webster's Dictionary definition of a dam as "a bank or mound of earth, or a wall or framework, raised to obstruct a current of water." A dam is considered "removed" when stream flow approaches pre-dam conditions and native habitats become re-established. Although the Resource Policy Committee has focused its effort on dam removal, some of the work may also apply to dam breaching, which is a partial removal with a different mix of benefits and costs, or to special solutions to pass fish over or around dams. JF - Fisheries AU - Bigford, TE AD - Habitat Protection Division, NOAA Fisheries, Office of Habitat Conservation in Silver Spring, Maryland, USA, thomas.bigford@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - July 2004 SP - 34 EP - 35 VL - 29 IS - 7 SN - 0363-2415, 0363-2415 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Resource management KW - Fish Passages KW - Freshwater KW - Human impact KW - Costs KW - Cost-benefit analysis KW - Fishery policy KW - Earth Dams KW - Removal KW - Dams KW - Inland fisheries KW - Fisheries KW - Banks KW - Solutions KW - Dam Effects KW - Rivers KW - Environmental impact KW - Environmental protection KW - Stream flow KW - Development policy KW - Aquatic Habitats KW - Habitat improvement KW - Terminology KW - Structure KW - Committees KW - Stream Discharge KW - Resource development KW - Benefits KW - Q1 08601:General KW - M3 1120:Land KW - SW 6010:Structures KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17887371?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries&rft.atitle=AFS+Draft+Study+Report+and+Policy+Statement+on+Dam+Removal&rft.au=Bigford%2C+TE&rft.aulast=Bigford&rft.aufirst=TE&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=34&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries&rft.issn=03632415&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fishery policy; Resource management; Removal; Terminology; Habitat improvement; Dams; Inland fisheries; Environmental impact; Resource development; Environmental protection; Stream flow; Cost-benefit analysis; Rivers; Development policy; Committees; Fisheries; Solutions; Human impact; Costs; Earth Dams; Aquatic Habitats; Structure; Fish Passages; Banks; Stream Discharge; Benefits; Dam Effects; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Portfolio management of wild fish stocks AN - 17881234; 5978201 AB - Managing fish stocks in terms of a portfolio of economic assets is likely to significantly increase benefits for society relative to single-species approaches. A portfolio framework systematically combines fish stocks that are joined by ecology (e.g. predation, competition) and unspecialized fishing technologies (e.g. mixed-species trawls) into a portfolio which balances expected aggregate returns against the risks associated with stock-attribute and other uncertainties. To be productive, however, this framework must be combined with property rights institutions that clearly state management objectives, create long-run time-horizons among harvesters, internalize spillovers caused by ecological and technological jointness, and reduce uncertainty through research and adaptive management. Although the cost of reducing scientific uncertainty about ecological interactions may limit the portfolio approach to intensive management of relatively few species, its scope can be broadened to integrate tradeoffs among more types of marine resources, such as nature preserves and oil and gas deposits. JF - Ecological Economics AU - Edwards, S F AU - Link, J S AU - Rountree, B P AD - USDOC/NOAA/NMFS, Northeast Fisheries Science Center, 28 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA, steve.edwards@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - July 2004 SP - 317 EP - 329 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 49 IS - 3 SN - 0921-8009, 0921-8009 KW - Portfolio management KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Resource portfolios KW - Ecosystem-based fisheries management KW - Single-species management KW - Property rights institutions KW - Associated species KW - Predation KW - Fishing technology KW - Fishery resources KW - Costs KW - Marine resources KW - Fishery management KW - Economics KW - Fishing mortality KW - Competition KW - Marine KW - Interactions KW - Oil and gas industry KW - Resource conservation KW - Adaptive management KW - Institutions KW - Fishery technology KW - Stocks KW - Property rights KW - Capture fishery economics KW - D 04700:Management KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - M3 1140:Biodiversity KW - Q2 09123:Conservation KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17881234?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Economics&rft.atitle=Portfolio+management+of+wild+fish+stocks&rft.au=Edwards%2C+S+F%3BLink%2C+J+S%3BRountree%2C+B+P&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=317&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Economics&rft.issn=09218009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ecolecon.2004.04.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Associated species; Marine resources; Fishery management; Resource conservation; Oil and gas industry; Economics; Property rights; Fishing technology; Stocks; Fishing mortality; Capture fishery economics; Fishery resources; Costs; Fishery technology; Interactions; Predation; Adaptive management; Institutions; Competition; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2004.04.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Killer Whale Predation on a Leatherback Turtle in the Northeast Pacific AN - 17753167; 5981478 AB - In November 2001, we observed a herd of killer whales (Orcinus orca) preying upon a leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea) off the coast of California. Here we provide details of the event and speculate that oceanic killer whales may have less specialized diets than nearshore populations. We also suggest that killer whale predation should be considered a factor in the recovery of this critically endangered sea turtle. JF - Pacific Science AU - Pitman, R L AU - Dutton, PH AD - National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, 8604 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla, California 92037, USA, robert.pitman@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - Jul 2004 SP - 497 EP - 498 VL - 58 IS - 3 SN - 0030-8870, 0030-8870 KW - Killer whale KW - Leatherback KW - Leatherback sea turtle KW - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Marine KW - Food organisms KW - Aquatic reptiles KW - Predation KW - Rare species KW - Orcinus orca KW - Feeding behaviour KW - INE, USA, California KW - Marine mammals KW - Nature conservation KW - Conservation KW - Cetacea KW - Feeding behavior KW - Dermochelys coriacea KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08483:Species interactions: general KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - O 1050:Vertebrates, Urochordates and Cephalochordates KW - Q1 08321:General KW - D 04670:Reptiles KW - Q1 08371:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17753167?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pacific+Science&rft.atitle=Killer+Whale+Predation+on+a+Leatherback+Turtle+in+the+Northeast+Pacific&rft.au=Pitman%2C+R+L%3BDutton%2C+PH&rft.aulast=Pitman&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=497&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pacific+Science&rft.issn=00308870&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Food organisms; Feeding behaviour; Marine mammals; Predation; Aquatic reptiles; Nature conservation; Rare species; Conservation; Feeding behavior; Orcinus orca; Cetacea; Dermochelys coriacea; INE, USA, California; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temperature and state-dependence of feeding and gastric evacuation in juvenile Pacific halibut AN - 17499441; 6397917 AB - Relationships between nutritional state, behavioural response to prey and gastric evacuation rates were examined in juvenile Pacific halibut Hippoglossus stenolepis feeding on squid. Pacific halibut reared at 2, 6 and 10 degree C were fasted for 1 or 7 days to generate variation in energetic state. The 7 day fast resulted in measurable declines in condition indices at 10 and 6 degree C but not at 2 degree C. At 10 degree C, all Pacific halibut consumed the first meal offered, but fish previously fasted for 7 days took significantly longer to locate and consume the meal than fish fasted for only 1 day. At 2 degree C, Pacific halibut fasted for 7 days did not generally consume the first meal offered, but resumed feeding 2 times 1 days sooner, on average, than fish fasted for only 1 day. The gastric evacuation rate of the squid meal was best described by a power model with near-exponential curvature (a = 1 times 011). The evacuation rate was strongly temperature-dependent (Q sub(10) = 3 times 65) but displayed the same degree of variability at each temperature. The evacuation rate in Pacific halibut was not affected by feeding history, body size or energetic state. Furthermore, individual variation in gastric evacuation rate was not correlated with feeding responsiveness at any temperature. These results indicate a general plasticity in the behavioural but not physiological aspects of energy acquisition. JF - Journal of Fish Biology AU - Hurst, T P AD - Fisheries Behavioral Ecology Program, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, NOAA-NMFS, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Newport, OR 97365, USA, thomas.hurst@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - Jul 2004 SP - 157 EP - 169 VL - 65 IS - 1 SN - 0022-1112, 0022-1112 KW - Pacific halibut KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Juveniles KW - Bioenergetics KW - Plasticity KW - Hippoglossus stenolepis KW - Models KW - Marine fish KW - Condition factor KW - Feeding behaviour KW - Energy KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Body size KW - Gastric evacuation KW - Feeding behavior KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - D 04668:Fish KW - Y 25495:Fish KW - Q1 08425:Nutrition and feeding habits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17499441?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Fish+Biology&rft.atitle=Temperature+and+state-dependence+of+feeding+and+gastric+evacuation+in+juvenile+Pacific+halibut&rft.au=Hurst%2C+T+P&rft.aulast=Hurst&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Fish+Biology&rft.issn=00221112&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.0022-1112.2004.00440.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Marine fish; Juveniles; Condition factor; Feeding behaviour; Bioenergetics; Body size; Gastric evacuation; Energy; Plasticity; Feeding behavior; Models; Hippoglossus stenolepis; Pacific Ocean DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2004.00440.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DNA Displacement Assay Integrated into Microfluidic Channels AN - 17294791; 6130019 AB - This paper describes the development of a unique fluorescence-based DNA diagnostic microfluidic assay that does not require labeling of the target sequence prior to analysis. The assay is based on the displacement of a short sacrificial fluorescent-tagged indicator oligomer by a longer untagged target sequence as it is electrophoresed through a DNA-containing hydrogel plug immobilized in a microfluidic channel. The distinct advantages of this assay are the short sensing times, as a result of directed electrophoretic transport of target DNA to the sensing element, combined with the ability to detect nonlabeled target DNA. JF - Analytical Chemistry (Washington) AU - Zangmeister, R A AU - Tarlov, MJ AD - Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA Y1 - 2004/07/01/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Jul 01 SP - 3655 EP - 3659 VL - 76 IS - 13 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 KW - microfluidic channels KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - W4 130:General Biomedical Engineering: Tools & Techniques KW - N 14010:Physical & Computer Methods & Assays KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17294791?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.atitle=DNA+Displacement+Assay+Integrated+into+Microfluidic+Channels&rft.au=Zangmeister%2C+R+A%3BTarlov%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Zangmeister&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=3655&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%29&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021%2Fac035238v LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac035238v ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Extended Wind Stress Analyses for ENSO AN - 17284821; 5988748 AB - Surface wind stresses are fundamental to understanding El Nino, yet most observational stress products are too short to permit multidecadal ENSO studies. Two exceptions are the Florida State University subjective analysis (FSU1) and the NCEP-NCAR reanalysis (NCEP1), which are widely used in climate research. Here, the focus is on the aspects of the stress most relevant to ENSO-namely, the climatological background, anomaly spectrum, response to SST changes, subannual 'noise' forcing, and seasonal phase locking-and how these differ between FSU1 and NCEP1 over the tropical Pacific for 1961-99. The NCEP1 stress climatology is distinguished from FSU1 by weaker equatorial easterlies, stronger off-equatorial cyclonic curl, stronger southerlies along the Peruvian coast, and weaker convergence zones with weaker seasonality. Compared to FSU1, the NCEP1 zonal stress anomalies ( tau 'x ) are weaker, less noisy, and show less persistent westerly peaks during El Nino events. NCEP1 also shows a more stationary spectrum that more closely resembles that of equatorial east Pacific SST anomalies. After the 1970s, the equatorial trade winds and stress variability shift east and strengthen in FSU1, while the opposite occurs in NCEP1. Both products show increased mean convergence in the equatorial far west Pacific in recent decades, with weaker mean easterlies near the date line, an increased stress response to SST anomalies, and stronger interannual and subannual tau 'x in the central equatorial Pacific (Nino-4; 5 degree N-5 degree S, 160 degree E-150 degree W). The variance of Nino-4 tau 'x is highly seasonal in both datasets, with an interannual peak in October-November and a subannual peak in November-February; yet apart from interannual Nino-4 tau 'x after 1980, stress anomalies are not well correlated between the products. Newer and more reliable stress estimates generally fall between NCEP1 and FSU1, with most closer to FSU1. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Wittenberg, A T AD - Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Program, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544-0710, atw@gfdl.noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - July 2004 SP - 2526 EP - 2540 PB - American Meteorological Society VL - 17 IS - 13 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - ISEW, Pacific KW - Wind stress KW - Seasonality KW - Marine KW - ISEW, West Pacific KW - Climatic changes KW - Westerlies KW - IE, East Pacific KW - IS, Tropical Pacific KW - Data reanalysis KW - Wind stress variations KW - Southern Oscillation KW - El Nino-Southern Oscillation event-wind stress relationships KW - Equatorial easterlies KW - Wind stress fields KW - IS, Equatorial Pacific KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Climatology KW - El Nino phenomena KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - O 2010:Physical Oceanography KW - M2 551.588:Environmental Influences (551.588) KW - M2 551.465.752:Process of momentum exchange as such. Boundary layer. (Roughness) Wind-stress parameters (551.465.752) KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17284821?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Extended+Wind+Stress+Analyses+for+ENSO&rft.au=Wittenberg%2C+A+T&rft.aulast=Wittenberg&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=2526&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F1520-0442%282004%29017%282526%3AEWSAFE%292.0.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Seasonality; Wind stress; Equatorial easterlies; Climatic changes; Westerlies; Ocean-atmosphere system; Climatology; Southern Oscillation; El Nino phenomena; El Nino-Southern Oscillation event-wind stress relationships; Wind stress fields; Wind stress variations; Data reanalysis; ISEW, Pacific; ISEW, West Pacific; IS, Equatorial Pacific; IE, East Pacific; IS, Tropical Pacific; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017(2526:EWSAFE)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Associations between Organochlorine Contaminant Concentrations and Clinical Health Parameters in Loggerhead Sea Turtles from North Carolina, USA AN - 17283180; 5983491 AB - Widespread and persistent organochlorine (OC) contaminants, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and pesticides, are known to have broad-ranging toxicities in wildlife. In this study we investigated, for the first time, their possible health effects on loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta). Nonlethal fat biopsies and blood samples were collected from live turtles for OC contaminant analysis, and concentrations were compared with clinical health assessment data, including hematology, plasma chemistry, and body condition. Concentrations of total PCBs ( capital sigma PCBs), capital sigma DDTs, capital sigma chlordanes, dieldrin, and mirex were determined in 44 fat biopsies and 48 blood samples. Blood concentrations of capital sigma chlordanes were negatively correlated with red blood cell counts, hemoglobin, and hematocrit, indicative of anemia. Positive correlations were observed between most classes of OC contaminants and white blood cell counts and between mirex and capital sigma TCDD-like PCB concentrations and the heterophil:lymphocyte ratio, suggesting modulation of the immune system. All classes of OCs in the blood except dieldrin were correlated positively with aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity, indicating possible hepatocellular damage. Mirex and capital sigma TCDD-like PCB blood concentrations were negatively correlated with alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. Significant correlations to levels of certain OC contaminant classes also suggested possible alteration of protein ( arrow up blood urea nitrogen, arrow down albumin:globulin ratio), carbohydrate ( arrow down glucose), and ion ( arrow up sodium, arrow down magnesium) regulation. These correlations suggest that OC contaminants may be affecting the health of loggerhead sea turtles even though sea turtles accumulate lower concentrations of OCs compared with other wildlife. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Keller, J M AU - Kucklick, J R AU - Stamper, MA AU - Harms, CA AU - McClellan-Green, P D AD - National Institute of Standards and Technology, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Rd., Charleston, SC 29412, USA, jennifer.keller@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - Jul 2004 SP - 1074 EP - 1079 VL - 112 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Loggerhead KW - Loggerhead sea turtle KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - USA, North Carolina KW - Aquatic reptiles KW - Caretta caretta KW - Serological studies KW - PCB KW - Wildlife KW - Dieldrin KW - Environmental impact KW - Animal physiology KW - Turtles KW - Blood levels KW - Haematology KW - Anaemia KW - Nitrogen KW - Organochlorine compounds KW - Ureas KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - Erythrocytes KW - Glucose KW - Assessments KW - Pollutants KW - Pollutant persistence KW - Regulations KW - Hematology KW - Carbohydrates KW - Marine KW - ANW, USA, North Carolina KW - Damage KW - Body conditions KW - Chlorine compounds KW - Toxicity KW - Sodium KW - Blood KW - Pesticides KW - Proteins KW - Magnesium KW - Mirex KW - Q1 08326:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17283180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Associations+between+Organochlorine+Contaminant+Concentrations+and+Clinical+Health+Parameters+in+Loggerhead+Sea+Turtles+from+North+Carolina%2C+USA&rft.au=Keller%2C+J+M%3BKucklick%2C+J+R%3BStamper%2C+MA%3BHarms%2C+CA%3BMcClellan-Green%2C+P+D&rft.aulast=Keller&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1074&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/10.1289%2Fehp.6923 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Body conditions; Chlorine compounds; Aquatic reptiles; Dieldrin; Erythrocytes; Environmental impact; Animal physiology; Haematology; Blood; Serological studies; Anaemia; Pollutant persistence; Pesticides; PCB; Organochlorine compounds; Wildlife; Hematology; Carbohydrates; Toxicity; Mirex; Blood levels; Damage; Ureas; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Glucose; Turtles; Sodium; Pollutants; Assessments; Proteins; Regulations; Magnesium; Nitrogen; Caretta caretta; USA, North Carolina; ANW, USA, North Carolina; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.6923 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biomass-burning particle measurements: Characteristic composition and chemical processing AN - 16176462; 5999025 AB - The NOAA Lockheed Orion WP-3D aircraft intercepted a forest fire plume over Utah on 19 May 2002 during the Intercontinental Transport and Chemical Transformation (ITCT) mission. Large enhancements in acetonitrile (CH sub(3)CN), carbon monoxide (CO) and particle number were measured during the fire plume interception. In the 100 s plume crossing, the Particle Analysis by Laser Mass Spectrometry (PALMS) instrument acquired 202 positive mass spectra from ionizing single particles in the 0.2-5 mu m size range. These particles contained carbon, potassium, organics, and ammonium ions. No pure soot particles were sampled directly from the plume. By characterizing these particle mass spectra, a qualitative biomass-burning particle signature was developed that was then used to identify biomass-burning particles throughout ITCT. The analysis was extended to identify biomass-burning particles in four other missions, without the benefit of gas-phase biomass-burning tracers. During ITCT, approximately 33% of the particles sampled in the North American troposphere and 37% of the particles transported from Asia, not influenced by North American sources, were identified as biomass-burning particles. During the WB-57 Aerosol Mission (WAM), Atmospheric Chemistry of Combustion Emissions near the Tropopause (ACCENT) and ACCENT 2000 missions, 7% of stratospheric particles were identified as biomass-burning particles. During the Cirrus Regional Study of Tropical Anvils and Cirrus Layers - Florida Area Cirrus Experiment (CRYSTAL-FACE) this percentage increased to 52% because the regional stratosphere was strongly affected by an active fire season. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. D. Atmospheres AU - Hudson, Paula K AU - Murphy, Daniel M AU - Cziczo, Daniel J AU - Thomson, David S AU - De Gouw, Joost A AU - Warneke, Carsten AU - Holloway, John AU - Jost, Hans-Juerg AU - Huebler, Gerd AD - NOAA Aeronomy Lab, Boulder, Colorado, USA Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - Jul 2004 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [mailto:service@agu.org], [URL:http://www.agu.org] VL - 109 IS - D23 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Citation No. D23S27 KW - biomass burning KW - single particle mass spectrometry KW - ITCT KW - 0305 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Aerosols and particles (0345, 4801) KW - 0322 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Constituent sources and sinks KW - 0368 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere-constituent transport and chemistry. KW - USA, Utah KW - North America KW - Fires KW - Chemical composition KW - Combustion products KW - Airplane observation of aerosols KW - Forests KW - Potassium KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Particulates KW - Stratosphere KW - Laser investigation of aerosols KW - Carbon monoxide KW - Trans-boundary pollution KW - Smoke from forest fires KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Asia KW - Plumes KW - Aerosols from biomass burning KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.501.71:Methods of observation and computation of composition and density including twilight spectrum searchlight methods (551.501.71) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16176462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Biomass-burning+particle+measurements%3A+Characteristic+composition+and+chemical+processing&rft.au=Hudson%2C+Paula+K%3BMurphy%2C+Daniel+M%3BCziczo%2C+Daniel+J%3BThomson%2C+David+S%3BDe+Gouw%2C+Joost+A%3BWarneke%2C+Carsten%3BHolloway%2C+John%3BJost%2C+Hans-Juerg%3BHuebler%2C+Gerd&rft.aulast=Hudson&rft.aufirst=Paula&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=D23&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003JD004398 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Smoke from forest fires; Airplane observation of aerosols; Mass spectrometry; Aerosols from biomass burning; Laser investigation of aerosols; Carbon monoxide; Fires; Chemical composition; Combustion products; Trans-boundary pollution; Atmospheric chemistry; Potassium; Forests; Particulates; Stratosphere; Plumes; USA, Utah; North America; Asia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JD004398 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the life cycle of a stratospheric intrusion and its dispersion into polluted warm conveyor belts AN - 16174289; 5999116 AB - The aircraft-based 2002 Intercontinental Transport and Chemical Transformation experiment intercepted and chemically analyzed pollution plumes transported from Asia to the western United States. The research flight on 10-11 May 2002 detected mixing between polluted and stratospheric air at midtropospheric levels above the California coast. This study uses a Lagrangian domain-filling trajectory technique to illustrate that this event was the result of mixing between two warm conveyor belts (WCB) containing Asian pollution and the remnants of a deep tropopause fold from a downstream midlatitude cyclone (referred to as the stratospheric component of a dry airstream or SCDA). Advection of the trajectory particles shows how the SCDA decayed over 7.5 days. One component dispersed into a downstream WCB, while another component descended into the lower troposphere and became entrained by an upwind WCB. After 7.5 days of transport 22% of the SCDA mass was transported into the troposphere. The portions of the SCDA that penetrated to the lowest altitudes had the greatest likelihood of being transported into the troposphere. For example, over 90% of the SCDA at altitudes below the 600 hPa level was transported to the troposphere, but none of the mass at the 200 hPa level was exchanged. More than half of the exchange occurred during the first 48 hours as the deepest portions of the tropopause fold decayed over the Pacific. The rest of the exchange occurred over the following 5.5 days as the remnants of the SCDA sheared apart along the edge of the stratospheric polar vortex and became entrained into subsequent tropopause folds and vortex breakaway features. Stratosphere to troposphere exchange resulted in the transport of 0.5 Tg of stratospheric ozone to the troposphere during the 7.5 day study period. Roughly half of the SCDA particles that entered the troposphere dispersed into the upwind and downwind WCBs. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. D. Atmospheres AU - Cooper, O AU - Forster, C AU - Parrish, D AU - Dunlea, E AU - Huebler, G AU - Fehsenfeld, F AU - Holloway, J AU - Oltmans, S AU - Johnson, B AU - Wimmers, A AU - Horowitz, L AD - Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado, USA Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - Jul 2004 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [mailto:service@agu.org], [URL:http://www.agu.org] VL - 109 IS - D23 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Citation No. D23S09 KW - warm conveyor belt KW - stratosphere troposphere exchange KW - Intercontinental transport KW - 0322 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Constituent sources and sinks KW - 0368 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere-constituent transport and chemistry KW - 3364 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Synoptic- scale meteorology. KW - Life cycle analysis KW - USA, West KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Particulates KW - Trans-boundary pollution KW - INE, USA, California KW - I, Pacific KW - Atmospheric pollution dispersion KW - USA, California KW - Chemical pollution KW - Asia KW - Lagrangian characteristics KW - Plumes KW - Wind KW - Ozone KW - Stratosphere-troposphere exchange KW - Air masses KW - Airborne sensing KW - Pollution detection KW - Airplane observation of atmospheric pollution KW - Tropopause fold KW - Air trajectory calculations KW - Troposphere KW - Long-range transport of atmospheric pollution KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Stratosphere KW - Air pollution KW - Vertical ozone distribution KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - M2 551.556.44:Long-range: tracers (551.556.44) KW - M2 551.510.52:Troposphere (551.510.52) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - O 2070:Meteorology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16174289?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=On+the+life+cycle+of+a+stratospheric+intrusion+and+its+dispersion+into+polluted+warm+conveyor+belts&rft.au=Cooper%2C+O%3BForster%2C+C%3BParrish%2C+D%3BDunlea%2C+E%3BHuebler%2C+G%3BFehsenfeld%2C+F%3BHolloway%2C+J%3BOltmans%2C+S%3BJohnson%2C+B%3BWimmers%2C+A%3BHorowitz%2C+L&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=D23&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003JD004006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air masses; Air pollution; Airborne sensing; Pollution detection; Pollution dispersion; Atmospheric circulation; Stratosphere; Stratosphere-troposphere exchange; Airplane observation of atmospheric pollution; Tropopause fold; Air trajectory calculations; Atmospheric pollution dispersion; Long-range transport of atmospheric pollution; Vertical ozone distribution; Lagrangian characteristics; Life cycle analysis; Trans-boundary pollution; Troposphere; Particulates; Chemical pollution; Plumes; Wind; Ozone; USA, West; INE, USA, California; I, Pacific; USA, California; Asia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JD004006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multidirectional Movements of Sportfish Species Between an Estuarine No-Take Zone and Surrounding Waters of the Indian River Lagoon, Florida AN - 14711071; 10667093 AB - No-take marine reserves prohibit fishing, usually to help rebuild depleted stocks. The success of reserves in estuarine areas in protecting exploitable fishery species may depend on whether the reserves would adequately replenish nearby fisheries through spillover and emigration of exploitable-sized adults. An assessment of net exchange between reserves and surrounding fishing areas is needed. Part of the Indian River Lagoon at Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge on Florida's east coast was closed in 1962, actually for security purposes, but the action effectively created a reserve where fish movement could be tracked. Movement of seven species of tagged sportfish in and out of the reserve was monitored from 1990-99. Of the 403 recaptured individuals, 65 emigrated from the reserve and 16 immigrated into the reserve from surrounding waters. Migration distances were 0-150 km and were influenced by the proximity of the reserve to spawning areas or other important habitats. Recapture rates indicate that more individuals move into the protected area than move out. This estuarine reserve can protect species from fishing but may also extract individuals from the fishery. Increased egg production and larval export may be more important replenishment mechanisms than spillover of excess adults from the reserve to fished areas. JF - Fishery Bulletin AU - Tremain, Derek M AU - Harnden, Christopher W AU - Adams, Douglas H Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - Jul 2004 SP - 533 PB - U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, 7600 Sandpoint Way, N.E. Seattle WA 98115 VL - 102 IS - 3 SN - 0090-0656, 0090-0656 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - POPULATION DYNAMICS KW - ESTUARIES KW - MIGRATION, FISH KW - MARINE RESERVE KW - FLORIDA KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14711071?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fishery+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Multidirectional+Movements+of+Sportfish+Species+Between+an+Estuarine+No-Take+Zone+and+Surrounding+Waters+of+the+Indian+River+Lagoon%2C+Florida&rft.au=Tremain%2C+Derek+M%3BHarnden%2C+Christopher+W%3BAdams%2C+Douglas+H&rft.aulast=Tremain&rft.aufirst=Derek&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=533&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fishery+Bulletin&rft.issn=00900656&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 3 |t maps N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - POPULATION DYNAMICS; ESTUARIES; MARINE RESERVE; MIGRATION, FISH; FLORIDA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating the Emigration Rate of Fish Stocks from Marine Sanctuaries Using Tag-Recovery Data AN - 14709465; 10667092 AB - To assess the success of marine sanctuaries, the rate of emigration of animals out into surrounding fished habitat must be known. A method of estimating the yearly emigration rate from a protected zone is presented, based on tag release data both into the sanctuary and into the fished zone. Recoveries from non-moving tagged animals are only possible from the fished zone. An estimate for the recovery rate (proportion of fish recaptured and their tags reported) in the fished zone also is provided. The estimation method addresses some of the main drawbacks to using tag-recovery data. An analytic formula and an associated double-hypergeometric likelihood method both were derived and applied to tag recoveries from southern rock lobsters released into a sanctuary and the surrounding fished area off the coast of South Australia. At this location this method estimated that 62% of the rock lobsters tagged in the sanctuary moved out in one year. Some limitations and assumptions involved in this method are discussed. JF - Fishery Bulletin AU - McGarvey, Richard Y1 - 2004/07// PY - 2004 DA - Jul 2004 SP - 464 PB - U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, 7600 Sandpoint Way, N.E. Seattle WA 98115 VL - 102 IS - 3 SN - 0090-0656, 0090-0656 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - MEASUREMENTS AND SENSING KW - LOBSTERS KW - FISHERIES, COMMERCIAL KW - MARINE RESERVE KW - MIGRATION, FISH KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14709465?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fishery+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Estimating+the+Emigration+Rate+of+Fish+Stocks+from+Marine+Sanctuaries+Using+Tag-Recovery+Data&rft.au=McGarvey%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=McGarvey&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=464&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fishery+Bulletin&rft.issn=00900656&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 3 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - MEASUREMENTS AND SENSING; LOBSTERS; FISHERIES, COMMERCIAL; MIGRATION, FISH; MARINE RESERVE ER - TY - RPRT T1 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36434042; 10847 AB - PURPOSE: The adoption of a rule to reduce sea turtle bycatch and bycatch mortality in the Atlantic pelagic longline fishery is proposed. The target species are highly migratory species (HMS) inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea; these include swordfish, Atlantic billfish, Atlantic tunas, Atlantic sharks, and other finfish. In June 2001, the National Marine Fisheries Service published a biological opinion regarding Atlantic sea turtles, concluding that the continued operation of the fishery is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the Atlantic leatherback and loggerhead sea turtles. To avoid jeopardy, the reasonable and prudent alternative outlined in the biological opinion included a closure of the Northeast Distant (NED) Statistical Reporting Area, implementation of a research program to develop or modify fishing gear, and implementation of techniques to reduce sea turtle interactions with fishing operations and mortality associated with such interactions. The opinion also included an incidental take statement (ITS) for the fishery that established incidental take levels of 438 leatherback and 402 loggerhead turtles on an annual basis. The opinion further considered modification or reopening of the NED on the condition that takes attributable to fishing effort in that area could be reduced sufficiently through gear and technique modifications. The NED research experiment, permitted under Section 10 of the Endangered Species Act, demonstrated that significant reductions in sea turtle interactions could be achieved through the application of large circle style hooks and certain bait combinations. In December 2002, fisheries data indicated that the ITS had been exceeded for Atlantic leatherback sea turtles in 2001/2002 and for Atlantic loggerhead sea turtles in 2002. The 2001 and 2002 turtle interaction levels for the Atlantic fishery was estimated at 1,208 leatherbacks and 312 loggerheads for 2001 and 962 leatherbacks and 575 loggerheads for 2002. The rule, proposed in this final supplemental EIS, would limit vessels in the Atlantic longline inasmuch as their operation affects HMS. The limitations would allow only the possession and/or use of certain hook and bait combinations, re-open the NED Statistical Reporting Area to pelagic longline fishing under specific hook and bait limitations, and require the possession and use of specific sea turtle handling and release equipment and sea turtle handing and release protocols to reduce bycatch and bycatch mortality of incidentally caught Atlantic sea turtles in the pelagic longline fishery. POSITIVE IMPACTS: By reducing bycatch and incidental catch, the regulatory amendments would improve the sustainability of the HMS species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Certain fishery management provisions, particularly gear restrictions, could result in economic losses to fishing interests. LEGAL MANDATES: Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 98-0464D, Volume 22, Number 2, and 99-0082D, Volume 23, Number 1, respectively. For the abstract of the draft supplemental EIS, see 04-0297D, Volume 28, Number 3. JF - EPA number: 040296, 371 pages, June 23, 2004 PY - 2004 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Caribbean Sea KW - Georgia KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - South Carolina KW - Texas KW - Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Compliance KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36434042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Atmospheric and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 23, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 15 of 22] T2 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36373433; 10847-040296_0015 AB - PURPOSE: The adoption of a rule to reduce sea turtle bycatch and bycatch mortality in the Atlantic pelagic longline fishery is proposed. The target species are highly migratory species (HMS) inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea; these include swordfish, Atlantic billfish, Atlantic tunas, Atlantic sharks, and other finfish. In June 2001, the National Marine Fisheries Service published a biological opinion regarding Atlantic sea turtles, concluding that the continued operation of the fishery is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the Atlantic leatherback and loggerhead sea turtles. To avoid jeopardy, the reasonable and prudent alternative outlined in the biological opinion included a closure of the Northeast Distant (NED) Statistical Reporting Area, implementation of a research program to develop or modify fishing gear, and implementation of techniques to reduce sea turtle interactions with fishing operations and mortality associated with such interactions. The opinion also included an incidental take statement (ITS) for the fishery that established incidental take levels of 438 leatherback and 402 loggerhead turtles on an annual basis. The opinion further considered modification or reopening of the NED on the condition that takes attributable to fishing effort in that area could be reduced sufficiently through gear and technique modifications. The NED research experiment, permitted under Section 10 of the Endangered Species Act, demonstrated that significant reductions in sea turtle interactions could be achieved through the application of large circle style hooks and certain bait combinations. In December 2002, fisheries data indicated that the ITS had been exceeded for Atlantic leatherback sea turtles in 2001/2002 and for Atlantic loggerhead sea turtles in 2002. The 2001 and 2002 turtle interaction levels for the Atlantic fishery was estimated at 1,208 leatherbacks and 312 loggerheads for 2001 and 962 leatherbacks and 575 loggerheads for 2002. The rule, proposed in this final supplemental EIS, would limit vessels in the Atlantic longline inasmuch as their operation affects HMS. The limitations would allow only the possession and/or use of certain hook and bait combinations, re-open the NED Statistical Reporting Area to pelagic longline fishing under specific hook and bait limitations, and require the possession and use of specific sea turtle handling and release equipment and sea turtle handing and release protocols to reduce bycatch and bycatch mortality of incidentally caught Atlantic sea turtles in the pelagic longline fishery. POSITIVE IMPACTS: By reducing bycatch and incidental catch, the regulatory amendments would improve the sustainability of the HMS species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Certain fishery management provisions, particularly gear restrictions, could result in economic losses to fishing interests. LEGAL MANDATES: Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 98-0464D, Volume 22, Number 2, and 99-0082D, Volume 23, Number 1, respectively. For the abstract of the draft supplemental EIS, see 04-0297D, Volume 28, Number 3. JF - EPA number: 040296, 371 pages, June 23, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 15 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Caribbean Sea KW - Georgia KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - South Carolina KW - Texas KW - Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Compliance KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36373433?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Atmospheric and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 23, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 13 of 22] T2 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36373351; 10847-040296_0013 AB - PURPOSE: The adoption of a rule to reduce sea turtle bycatch and bycatch mortality in the Atlantic pelagic longline fishery is proposed. The target species are highly migratory species (HMS) inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea; these include swordfish, Atlantic billfish, Atlantic tunas, Atlantic sharks, and other finfish. In June 2001, the National Marine Fisheries Service published a biological opinion regarding Atlantic sea turtles, concluding that the continued operation of the fishery is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the Atlantic leatherback and loggerhead sea turtles. To avoid jeopardy, the reasonable and prudent alternative outlined in the biological opinion included a closure of the Northeast Distant (NED) Statistical Reporting Area, implementation of a research program to develop or modify fishing gear, and implementation of techniques to reduce sea turtle interactions with fishing operations and mortality associated with such interactions. The opinion also included an incidental take statement (ITS) for the fishery that established incidental take levels of 438 leatherback and 402 loggerhead turtles on an annual basis. The opinion further considered modification or reopening of the NED on the condition that takes attributable to fishing effort in that area could be reduced sufficiently through gear and technique modifications. The NED research experiment, permitted under Section 10 of the Endangered Species Act, demonstrated that significant reductions in sea turtle interactions could be achieved through the application of large circle style hooks and certain bait combinations. In December 2002, fisheries data indicated that the ITS had been exceeded for Atlantic leatherback sea turtles in 2001/2002 and for Atlantic loggerhead sea turtles in 2002. The 2001 and 2002 turtle interaction levels for the Atlantic fishery was estimated at 1,208 leatherbacks and 312 loggerheads for 2001 and 962 leatherbacks and 575 loggerheads for 2002. The rule, proposed in this final supplemental EIS, would limit vessels in the Atlantic longline inasmuch as their operation affects HMS. The limitations would allow only the possession and/or use of certain hook and bait combinations, re-open the NED Statistical Reporting Area to pelagic longline fishing under specific hook and bait limitations, and require the possession and use of specific sea turtle handling and release equipment and sea turtle handing and release protocols to reduce bycatch and bycatch mortality of incidentally caught Atlantic sea turtles in the pelagic longline fishery. POSITIVE IMPACTS: By reducing bycatch and incidental catch, the regulatory amendments would improve the sustainability of the HMS species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Certain fishery management provisions, particularly gear restrictions, could result in economic losses to fishing interests. LEGAL MANDATES: Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 98-0464D, Volume 22, Number 2, and 99-0082D, Volume 23, Number 1, respectively. For the abstract of the draft supplemental EIS, see 04-0297D, Volume 28, Number 3. JF - EPA number: 040296, 371 pages, June 23, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 13 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Caribbean Sea KW - Georgia KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - South Carolina KW - Texas KW - Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Compliance KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36373351?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Atmospheric and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 23, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 17 of 22] T2 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36373167; 10847-040296_0017 AB - PURPOSE: The adoption of a rule to reduce sea turtle bycatch and bycatch mortality in the Atlantic pelagic longline fishery is proposed. The target species are highly migratory species (HMS) inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea; these include swordfish, Atlantic billfish, Atlantic tunas, Atlantic sharks, and other finfish. In June 2001, the National Marine Fisheries Service published a biological opinion regarding Atlantic sea turtles, concluding that the continued operation of the fishery is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the Atlantic leatherback and loggerhead sea turtles. To avoid jeopardy, the reasonable and prudent alternative outlined in the biological opinion included a closure of the Northeast Distant (NED) Statistical Reporting Area, implementation of a research program to develop or modify fishing gear, and implementation of techniques to reduce sea turtle interactions with fishing operations and mortality associated with such interactions. The opinion also included an incidental take statement (ITS) for the fishery that established incidental take levels of 438 leatherback and 402 loggerhead turtles on an annual basis. The opinion further considered modification or reopening of the NED on the condition that takes attributable to fishing effort in that area could be reduced sufficiently through gear and technique modifications. The NED research experiment, permitted under Section 10 of the Endangered Species Act, demonstrated that significant reductions in sea turtle interactions could be achieved through the application of large circle style hooks and certain bait combinations. In December 2002, fisheries data indicated that the ITS had been exceeded for Atlantic leatherback sea turtles in 2001/2002 and for Atlantic loggerhead sea turtles in 2002. The 2001 and 2002 turtle interaction levels for the Atlantic fishery was estimated at 1,208 leatherbacks and 312 loggerheads for 2001 and 962 leatherbacks and 575 loggerheads for 2002. The rule, proposed in this final supplemental EIS, would limit vessels in the Atlantic longline inasmuch as their operation affects HMS. The limitations would allow only the possession and/or use of certain hook and bait combinations, re-open the NED Statistical Reporting Area to pelagic longline fishing under specific hook and bait limitations, and require the possession and use of specific sea turtle handling and release equipment and sea turtle handing and release protocols to reduce bycatch and bycatch mortality of incidentally caught Atlantic sea turtles in the pelagic longline fishery. POSITIVE IMPACTS: By reducing bycatch and incidental catch, the regulatory amendments would improve the sustainability of the HMS species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Certain fishery management provisions, particularly gear restrictions, could result in economic losses to fishing interests. LEGAL MANDATES: Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 98-0464D, Volume 22, Number 2, and 99-0082D, Volume 23, Number 1, respectively. For the abstract of the draft supplemental EIS, see 04-0297D, Volume 28, Number 3. JF - EPA number: 040296, 371 pages, June 23, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 17 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Caribbean Sea KW - Georgia KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - South Carolina KW - Texas KW - Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Compliance KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36373167?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Atmospheric and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 23, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 11 of 22] T2 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36373095; 10847-040296_0011 AB - PURPOSE: The adoption of a rule to reduce sea turtle bycatch and bycatch mortality in the Atlantic pelagic longline fishery is proposed. The target species are highly migratory species (HMS) inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea; these include swordfish, Atlantic billfish, Atlantic tunas, Atlantic sharks, and other finfish. In June 2001, the National Marine Fisheries Service published a biological opinion regarding Atlantic sea turtles, concluding that the continued operation of the fishery is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the Atlantic leatherback and loggerhead sea turtles. To avoid jeopardy, the reasonable and prudent alternative outlined in the biological opinion included a closure of the Northeast Distant (NED) Statistical Reporting Area, implementation of a research program to develop or modify fishing gear, and implementation of techniques to reduce sea turtle interactions with fishing operations and mortality associated with such interactions. The opinion also included an incidental take statement (ITS) for the fishery that established incidental take levels of 438 leatherback and 402 loggerhead turtles on an annual basis. The opinion further considered modification or reopening of the NED on the condition that takes attributable to fishing effort in that area could be reduced sufficiently through gear and technique modifications. The NED research experiment, permitted under Section 10 of the Endangered Species Act, demonstrated that significant reductions in sea turtle interactions could be achieved through the application of large circle style hooks and certain bait combinations. In December 2002, fisheries data indicated that the ITS had been exceeded for Atlantic leatherback sea turtles in 2001/2002 and for Atlantic loggerhead sea turtles in 2002. The 2001 and 2002 turtle interaction levels for the Atlantic fishery was estimated at 1,208 leatherbacks and 312 loggerheads for 2001 and 962 leatherbacks and 575 loggerheads for 2002. The rule, proposed in this final supplemental EIS, would limit vessels in the Atlantic longline inasmuch as their operation affects HMS. The limitations would allow only the possession and/or use of certain hook and bait combinations, re-open the NED Statistical Reporting Area to pelagic longline fishing under specific hook and bait limitations, and require the possession and use of specific sea turtle handling and release equipment and sea turtle handing and release protocols to reduce bycatch and bycatch mortality of incidentally caught Atlantic sea turtles in the pelagic longline fishery. POSITIVE IMPACTS: By reducing bycatch and incidental catch, the regulatory amendments would improve the sustainability of the HMS species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Certain fishery management provisions, particularly gear restrictions, could result in economic losses to fishing interests. LEGAL MANDATES: Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 98-0464D, Volume 22, Number 2, and 99-0082D, Volume 23, Number 1, respectively. For the abstract of the draft supplemental EIS, see 04-0297D, Volume 28, Number 3. JF - EPA number: 040296, 371 pages, June 23, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 11 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Caribbean Sea KW - Georgia KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - South Carolina KW - Texas KW - Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Compliance KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36373095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Atmospheric and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 23, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 21 of 22] T2 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36373050; 10847-040296_0021 AB - PURPOSE: The adoption of a rule to reduce sea turtle bycatch and bycatch mortality in the Atlantic pelagic longline fishery is proposed. The target species are highly migratory species (HMS) inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea; these include swordfish, Atlantic billfish, Atlantic tunas, Atlantic sharks, and other finfish. In June 2001, the National Marine Fisheries Service published a biological opinion regarding Atlantic sea turtles, concluding that the continued operation of the fishery is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the Atlantic leatherback and loggerhead sea turtles. To avoid jeopardy, the reasonable and prudent alternative outlined in the biological opinion included a closure of the Northeast Distant (NED) Statistical Reporting Area, implementation of a research program to develop or modify fishing gear, and implementation of techniques to reduce sea turtle interactions with fishing operations and mortality associated with such interactions. The opinion also included an incidental take statement (ITS) for the fishery that established incidental take levels of 438 leatherback and 402 loggerhead turtles on an annual basis. The opinion further considered modification or reopening of the NED on the condition that takes attributable to fishing effort in that area could be reduced sufficiently through gear and technique modifications. The NED research experiment, permitted under Section 10 of the Endangered Species Act, demonstrated that significant reductions in sea turtle interactions could be achieved through the application of large circle style hooks and certain bait combinations. In December 2002, fisheries data indicated that the ITS had been exceeded for Atlantic leatherback sea turtles in 2001/2002 and for Atlantic loggerhead sea turtles in 2002. The 2001 and 2002 turtle interaction levels for the Atlantic fishery was estimated at 1,208 leatherbacks and 312 loggerheads for 2001 and 962 leatherbacks and 575 loggerheads for 2002. The rule, proposed in this final supplemental EIS, would limit vessels in the Atlantic longline inasmuch as their operation affects HMS. The limitations would allow only the possession and/or use of certain hook and bait combinations, re-open the NED Statistical Reporting Area to pelagic longline fishing under specific hook and bait limitations, and require the possession and use of specific sea turtle handling and release equipment and sea turtle handing and release protocols to reduce bycatch and bycatch mortality of incidentally caught Atlantic sea turtles in the pelagic longline fishery. POSITIVE IMPACTS: By reducing bycatch and incidental catch, the regulatory amendments would improve the sustainability of the HMS species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Certain fishery management provisions, particularly gear restrictions, could result in economic losses to fishing interests. LEGAL MANDATES: Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 98-0464D, Volume 22, Number 2, and 99-0082D, Volume 23, Number 1, respectively. For the abstract of the draft supplemental EIS, see 04-0297D, Volume 28, Number 3. JF - EPA number: 040296, 371 pages, June 23, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 21 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Caribbean Sea KW - Georgia KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - South Carolina KW - Texas KW - Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Compliance KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36373050?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Atmospheric and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 23, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 4 of 22] T2 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36372987; 10847-040296_0004 AB - PURPOSE: The adoption of a rule to reduce sea turtle bycatch and bycatch mortality in the Atlantic pelagic longline fishery is proposed. The target species are highly migratory species (HMS) inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea; these include swordfish, Atlantic billfish, Atlantic tunas, Atlantic sharks, and other finfish. In June 2001, the National Marine Fisheries Service published a biological opinion regarding Atlantic sea turtles, concluding that the continued operation of the fishery is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the Atlantic leatherback and loggerhead sea turtles. To avoid jeopardy, the reasonable and prudent alternative outlined in the biological opinion included a closure of the Northeast Distant (NED) Statistical Reporting Area, implementation of a research program to develop or modify fishing gear, and implementation of techniques to reduce sea turtle interactions with fishing operations and mortality associated with such interactions. The opinion also included an incidental take statement (ITS) for the fishery that established incidental take levels of 438 leatherback and 402 loggerhead turtles on an annual basis. The opinion further considered modification or reopening of the NED on the condition that takes attributable to fishing effort in that area could be reduced sufficiently through gear and technique modifications. The NED research experiment, permitted under Section 10 of the Endangered Species Act, demonstrated that significant reductions in sea turtle interactions could be achieved through the application of large circle style hooks and certain bait combinations. In December 2002, fisheries data indicated that the ITS had been exceeded for Atlantic leatherback sea turtles in 2001/2002 and for Atlantic loggerhead sea turtles in 2002. The 2001 and 2002 turtle interaction levels for the Atlantic fishery was estimated at 1,208 leatherbacks and 312 loggerheads for 2001 and 962 leatherbacks and 575 loggerheads for 2002. The rule, proposed in this final supplemental EIS, would limit vessels in the Atlantic longline inasmuch as their operation affects HMS. The limitations would allow only the possession and/or use of certain hook and bait combinations, re-open the NED Statistical Reporting Area to pelagic longline fishing under specific hook and bait limitations, and require the possession and use of specific sea turtle handling and release equipment and sea turtle handing and release protocols to reduce bycatch and bycatch mortality of incidentally caught Atlantic sea turtles in the pelagic longline fishery. POSITIVE IMPACTS: By reducing bycatch and incidental catch, the regulatory amendments would improve the sustainability of the HMS species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Certain fishery management provisions, particularly gear restrictions, could result in economic losses to fishing interests. LEGAL MANDATES: Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 98-0464D, Volume 22, Number 2, and 99-0082D, Volume 23, Number 1, respectively. For the abstract of the draft supplemental EIS, see 04-0297D, Volume 28, Number 3. JF - EPA number: 040296, 371 pages, June 23, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 4 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Caribbean Sea KW - Georgia KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - South Carolina KW - Texas KW - Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Compliance KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36372987?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Atmospheric and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 23, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 12 of 22] T2 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36372973; 10847-040296_0012 AB - PURPOSE: The adoption of a rule to reduce sea turtle bycatch and bycatch mortality in the Atlantic pelagic longline fishery is proposed. The target species are highly migratory species (HMS) inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea; these include swordfish, Atlantic billfish, Atlantic tunas, Atlantic sharks, and other finfish. In June 2001, the National Marine Fisheries Service published a biological opinion regarding Atlantic sea turtles, concluding that the continued operation of the fishery is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the Atlantic leatherback and loggerhead sea turtles. To avoid jeopardy, the reasonable and prudent alternative outlined in the biological opinion included a closure of the Northeast Distant (NED) Statistical Reporting Area, implementation of a research program to develop or modify fishing gear, and implementation of techniques to reduce sea turtle interactions with fishing operations and mortality associated with such interactions. The opinion also included an incidental take statement (ITS) for the fishery that established incidental take levels of 438 leatherback and 402 loggerhead turtles on an annual basis. The opinion further considered modification or reopening of the NED on the condition that takes attributable to fishing effort in that area could be reduced sufficiently through gear and technique modifications. The NED research experiment, permitted under Section 10 of the Endangered Species Act, demonstrated that significant reductions in sea turtle interactions could be achieved through the application of large circle style hooks and certain bait combinations. In December 2002, fisheries data indicated that the ITS had been exceeded for Atlantic leatherback sea turtles in 2001/2002 and for Atlantic loggerhead sea turtles in 2002. The 2001 and 2002 turtle interaction levels for the Atlantic fishery was estimated at 1,208 leatherbacks and 312 loggerheads for 2001 and 962 leatherbacks and 575 loggerheads for 2002. The rule, proposed in this final supplemental EIS, would limit vessels in the Atlantic longline inasmuch as their operation affects HMS. The limitations would allow only the possession and/or use of certain hook and bait combinations, re-open the NED Statistical Reporting Area to pelagic longline fishing under specific hook and bait limitations, and require the possession and use of specific sea turtle handling and release equipment and sea turtle handing and release protocols to reduce bycatch and bycatch mortality of incidentally caught Atlantic sea turtles in the pelagic longline fishery. POSITIVE IMPACTS: By reducing bycatch and incidental catch, the regulatory amendments would improve the sustainability of the HMS species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Certain fishery management provisions, particularly gear restrictions, could result in economic losses to fishing interests. LEGAL MANDATES: Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 98-0464D, Volume 22, Number 2, and 99-0082D, Volume 23, Number 1, respectively. For the abstract of the draft supplemental EIS, see 04-0297D, Volume 28, Number 3. JF - EPA number: 040296, 371 pages, June 23, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 12 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Caribbean Sea KW - Georgia KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - South Carolina KW - Texas KW - Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Compliance KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36372973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Atmospheric and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 23, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 7 of 22] T2 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36372801; 10847-040296_0007 AB - PURPOSE: The adoption of a rule to reduce sea turtle bycatch and bycatch mortality in the Atlantic pelagic longline fishery is proposed. The target species are highly migratory species (HMS) inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea; these include swordfish, Atlantic billfish, Atlantic tunas, Atlantic sharks, and other finfish. In June 2001, the National Marine Fisheries Service published a biological opinion regarding Atlantic sea turtles, concluding that the continued operation of the fishery is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the Atlantic leatherback and loggerhead sea turtles. To avoid jeopardy, the reasonable and prudent alternative outlined in the biological opinion included a closure of the Northeast Distant (NED) Statistical Reporting Area, implementation of a research program to develop or modify fishing gear, and implementation of techniques to reduce sea turtle interactions with fishing operations and mortality associated with such interactions. The opinion also included an incidental take statement (ITS) for the fishery that established incidental take levels of 438 leatherback and 402 loggerhead turtles on an annual basis. The opinion further considered modification or reopening of the NED on the condition that takes attributable to fishing effort in that area could be reduced sufficiently through gear and technique modifications. The NED research experiment, permitted under Section 10 of the Endangered Species Act, demonstrated that significant reductions in sea turtle interactions could be achieved through the application of large circle style hooks and certain bait combinations. In December 2002, fisheries data indicated that the ITS had been exceeded for Atlantic leatherback sea turtles in 2001/2002 and for Atlantic loggerhead sea turtles in 2002. The 2001 and 2002 turtle interaction levels for the Atlantic fishery was estimated at 1,208 leatherbacks and 312 loggerheads for 2001 and 962 leatherbacks and 575 loggerheads for 2002. The rule, proposed in this final supplemental EIS, would limit vessels in the Atlantic longline inasmuch as their operation affects HMS. The limitations would allow only the possession and/or use of certain hook and bait combinations, re-open the NED Statistical Reporting Area to pelagic longline fishing under specific hook and bait limitations, and require the possession and use of specific sea turtle handling and release equipment and sea turtle handing and release protocols to reduce bycatch and bycatch mortality of incidentally caught Atlantic sea turtles in the pelagic longline fishery. POSITIVE IMPACTS: By reducing bycatch and incidental catch, the regulatory amendments would improve the sustainability of the HMS species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Certain fishery management provisions, particularly gear restrictions, could result in economic losses to fishing interests. LEGAL MANDATES: Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 98-0464D, Volume 22, Number 2, and 99-0082D, Volume 23, Number 1, respectively. For the abstract of the draft supplemental EIS, see 04-0297D, Volume 28, Number 3. JF - EPA number: 040296, 371 pages, June 23, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 7 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Caribbean Sea KW - Georgia KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - South Carolina KW - Texas KW - Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Compliance KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36372801?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Atmospheric and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 23, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 2 of 22] T2 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36372752; 10847-040296_0002 AB - PURPOSE: The adoption of a rule to reduce sea turtle bycatch and bycatch mortality in the Atlantic pelagic longline fishery is proposed. The target species are highly migratory species (HMS) inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea; these include swordfish, Atlantic billfish, Atlantic tunas, Atlantic sharks, and other finfish. In June 2001, the National Marine Fisheries Service published a biological opinion regarding Atlantic sea turtles, concluding that the continued operation of the fishery is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the Atlantic leatherback and loggerhead sea turtles. To avoid jeopardy, the reasonable and prudent alternative outlined in the biological opinion included a closure of the Northeast Distant (NED) Statistical Reporting Area, implementation of a research program to develop or modify fishing gear, and implementation of techniques to reduce sea turtle interactions with fishing operations and mortality associated with such interactions. The opinion also included an incidental take statement (ITS) for the fishery that established incidental take levels of 438 leatherback and 402 loggerhead turtles on an annual basis. The opinion further considered modification or reopening of the NED on the condition that takes attributable to fishing effort in that area could be reduced sufficiently through gear and technique modifications. The NED research experiment, permitted under Section 10 of the Endangered Species Act, demonstrated that significant reductions in sea turtle interactions could be achieved through the application of large circle style hooks and certain bait combinations. In December 2002, fisheries data indicated that the ITS had been exceeded for Atlantic leatherback sea turtles in 2001/2002 and for Atlantic loggerhead sea turtles in 2002. The 2001 and 2002 turtle interaction levels for the Atlantic fishery was estimated at 1,208 leatherbacks and 312 loggerheads for 2001 and 962 leatherbacks and 575 loggerheads for 2002. The rule, proposed in this final supplemental EIS, would limit vessels in the Atlantic longline inasmuch as their operation affects HMS. The limitations would allow only the possession and/or use of certain hook and bait combinations, re-open the NED Statistical Reporting Area to pelagic longline fishing under specific hook and bait limitations, and require the possession and use of specific sea turtle handling and release equipment and sea turtle handing and release protocols to reduce bycatch and bycatch mortality of incidentally caught Atlantic sea turtles in the pelagic longline fishery. POSITIVE IMPACTS: By reducing bycatch and incidental catch, the regulatory amendments would improve the sustainability of the HMS species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Certain fishery management provisions, particularly gear restrictions, could result in economic losses to fishing interests. LEGAL MANDATES: Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 98-0464D, Volume 22, Number 2, and 99-0082D, Volume 23, Number 1, respectively. For the abstract of the draft supplemental EIS, see 04-0297D, Volume 28, Number 3. JF - EPA number: 040296, 371 pages, June 23, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 2 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Caribbean Sea KW - Georgia KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - South Carolina KW - Texas KW - Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Compliance KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36372752?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Atmospheric and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 23, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 16 of 22] T2 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36370187; 10847-040296_0016 AB - PURPOSE: The adoption of a rule to reduce sea turtle bycatch and bycatch mortality in the Atlantic pelagic longline fishery is proposed. The target species are highly migratory species (HMS) inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea; these include swordfish, Atlantic billfish, Atlantic tunas, Atlantic sharks, and other finfish. In June 2001, the National Marine Fisheries Service published a biological opinion regarding Atlantic sea turtles, concluding that the continued operation of the fishery is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the Atlantic leatherback and loggerhead sea turtles. To avoid jeopardy, the reasonable and prudent alternative outlined in the biological opinion included a closure of the Northeast Distant (NED) Statistical Reporting Area, implementation of a research program to develop or modify fishing gear, and implementation of techniques to reduce sea turtle interactions with fishing operations and mortality associated with such interactions. The opinion also included an incidental take statement (ITS) for the fishery that established incidental take levels of 438 leatherback and 402 loggerhead turtles on an annual basis. The opinion further considered modification or reopening of the NED on the condition that takes attributable to fishing effort in that area could be reduced sufficiently through gear and technique modifications. The NED research experiment, permitted under Section 10 of the Endangered Species Act, demonstrated that significant reductions in sea turtle interactions could be achieved through the application of large circle style hooks and certain bait combinations. In December 2002, fisheries data indicated that the ITS had been exceeded for Atlantic leatherback sea turtles in 2001/2002 and for Atlantic loggerhead sea turtles in 2002. The 2001 and 2002 turtle interaction levels for the Atlantic fishery was estimated at 1,208 leatherbacks and 312 loggerheads for 2001 and 962 leatherbacks and 575 loggerheads for 2002. The rule, proposed in this final supplemental EIS, would limit vessels in the Atlantic longline inasmuch as their operation affects HMS. The limitations would allow only the possession and/or use of certain hook and bait combinations, re-open the NED Statistical Reporting Area to pelagic longline fishing under specific hook and bait limitations, and require the possession and use of specific sea turtle handling and release equipment and sea turtle handing and release protocols to reduce bycatch and bycatch mortality of incidentally caught Atlantic sea turtles in the pelagic longline fishery. POSITIVE IMPACTS: By reducing bycatch and incidental catch, the regulatory amendments would improve the sustainability of the HMS species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Certain fishery management provisions, particularly gear restrictions, could result in economic losses to fishing interests. LEGAL MANDATES: Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 98-0464D, Volume 22, Number 2, and 99-0082D, Volume 23, Number 1, respectively. For the abstract of the draft supplemental EIS, see 04-0297D, Volume 28, Number 3. JF - EPA number: 040296, 371 pages, June 23, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 16 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Caribbean Sea KW - Georgia KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - South Carolina KW - Texas KW - Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Compliance KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36370187?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Atmospheric and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 23, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 18 of 22] T2 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36370118; 10847-040296_0018 AB - PURPOSE: The adoption of a rule to reduce sea turtle bycatch and bycatch mortality in the Atlantic pelagic longline fishery is proposed. The target species are highly migratory species (HMS) inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea; these include swordfish, Atlantic billfish, Atlantic tunas, Atlantic sharks, and other finfish. In June 2001, the National Marine Fisheries Service published a biological opinion regarding Atlantic sea turtles, concluding that the continued operation of the fishery is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the Atlantic leatherback and loggerhead sea turtles. To avoid jeopardy, the reasonable and prudent alternative outlined in the biological opinion included a closure of the Northeast Distant (NED) Statistical Reporting Area, implementation of a research program to develop or modify fishing gear, and implementation of techniques to reduce sea turtle interactions with fishing operations and mortality associated with such interactions. The opinion also included an incidental take statement (ITS) for the fishery that established incidental take levels of 438 leatherback and 402 loggerhead turtles on an annual basis. The opinion further considered modification or reopening of the NED on the condition that takes attributable to fishing effort in that area could be reduced sufficiently through gear and technique modifications. The NED research experiment, permitted under Section 10 of the Endangered Species Act, demonstrated that significant reductions in sea turtle interactions could be achieved through the application of large circle style hooks and certain bait combinations. In December 2002, fisheries data indicated that the ITS had been exceeded for Atlantic leatherback sea turtles in 2001/2002 and for Atlantic loggerhead sea turtles in 2002. The 2001 and 2002 turtle interaction levels for the Atlantic fishery was estimated at 1,208 leatherbacks and 312 loggerheads for 2001 and 962 leatherbacks and 575 loggerheads for 2002. The rule, proposed in this final supplemental EIS, would limit vessels in the Atlantic longline inasmuch as their operation affects HMS. The limitations would allow only the possession and/or use of certain hook and bait combinations, re-open the NED Statistical Reporting Area to pelagic longline fishing under specific hook and bait limitations, and require the possession and use of specific sea turtle handling and release equipment and sea turtle handing and release protocols to reduce bycatch and bycatch mortality of incidentally caught Atlantic sea turtles in the pelagic longline fishery. POSITIVE IMPACTS: By reducing bycatch and incidental catch, the regulatory amendments would improve the sustainability of the HMS species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Certain fishery management provisions, particularly gear restrictions, could result in economic losses to fishing interests. LEGAL MANDATES: Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 98-0464D, Volume 22, Number 2, and 99-0082D, Volume 23, Number 1, respectively. For the abstract of the draft supplemental EIS, see 04-0297D, Volume 28, Number 3. JF - EPA number: 040296, 371 pages, June 23, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 18 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Caribbean Sea KW - Georgia KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - South Carolina KW - Texas KW - Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Compliance KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36370118?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Atmospheric and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 23, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 20 of 22] T2 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36369786; 10847-040296_0020 AB - PURPOSE: The adoption of a rule to reduce sea turtle bycatch and bycatch mortality in the Atlantic pelagic longline fishery is proposed. The target species are highly migratory species (HMS) inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea; these include swordfish, Atlantic billfish, Atlantic tunas, Atlantic sharks, and other finfish. In June 2001, the National Marine Fisheries Service published a biological opinion regarding Atlantic sea turtles, concluding that the continued operation of the fishery is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the Atlantic leatherback and loggerhead sea turtles. To avoid jeopardy, the reasonable and prudent alternative outlined in the biological opinion included a closure of the Northeast Distant (NED) Statistical Reporting Area, implementation of a research program to develop or modify fishing gear, and implementation of techniques to reduce sea turtle interactions with fishing operations and mortality associated with such interactions. The opinion also included an incidental take statement (ITS) for the fishery that established incidental take levels of 438 leatherback and 402 loggerhead turtles on an annual basis. The opinion further considered modification or reopening of the NED on the condition that takes attributable to fishing effort in that area could be reduced sufficiently through gear and technique modifications. The NED research experiment, permitted under Section 10 of the Endangered Species Act, demonstrated that significant reductions in sea turtle interactions could be achieved through the application of large circle style hooks and certain bait combinations. In December 2002, fisheries data indicated that the ITS had been exceeded for Atlantic leatherback sea turtles in 2001/2002 and for Atlantic loggerhead sea turtles in 2002. The 2001 and 2002 turtle interaction levels for the Atlantic fishery was estimated at 1,208 leatherbacks and 312 loggerheads for 2001 and 962 leatherbacks and 575 loggerheads for 2002. The rule, proposed in this final supplemental EIS, would limit vessels in the Atlantic longline inasmuch as their operation affects HMS. The limitations would allow only the possession and/or use of certain hook and bait combinations, re-open the NED Statistical Reporting Area to pelagic longline fishing under specific hook and bait limitations, and require the possession and use of specific sea turtle handling and release equipment and sea turtle handing and release protocols to reduce bycatch and bycatch mortality of incidentally caught Atlantic sea turtles in the pelagic longline fishery. POSITIVE IMPACTS: By reducing bycatch and incidental catch, the regulatory amendments would improve the sustainability of the HMS species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Certain fishery management provisions, particularly gear restrictions, could result in economic losses to fishing interests. LEGAL MANDATES: Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 98-0464D, Volume 22, Number 2, and 99-0082D, Volume 23, Number 1, respectively. For the abstract of the draft supplemental EIS, see 04-0297D, Volume 28, Number 3. JF - EPA number: 040296, 371 pages, June 23, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 20 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Caribbean Sea KW - Georgia KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - South Carolina KW - Texas KW - Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Compliance KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36369786?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Atmospheric and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 23, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 6 of 22] T2 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36369590; 10847-040296_0006 AB - PURPOSE: The adoption of a rule to reduce sea turtle bycatch and bycatch mortality in the Atlantic pelagic longline fishery is proposed. The target species are highly migratory species (HMS) inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea; these include swordfish, Atlantic billfish, Atlantic tunas, Atlantic sharks, and other finfish. In June 2001, the National Marine Fisheries Service published a biological opinion regarding Atlantic sea turtles, concluding that the continued operation of the fishery is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the Atlantic leatherback and loggerhead sea turtles. To avoid jeopardy, the reasonable and prudent alternative outlined in the biological opinion included a closure of the Northeast Distant (NED) Statistical Reporting Area, implementation of a research program to develop or modify fishing gear, and implementation of techniques to reduce sea turtle interactions with fishing operations and mortality associated with such interactions. The opinion also included an incidental take statement (ITS) for the fishery that established incidental take levels of 438 leatherback and 402 loggerhead turtles on an annual basis. The opinion further considered modification or reopening of the NED on the condition that takes attributable to fishing effort in that area could be reduced sufficiently through gear and technique modifications. The NED research experiment, permitted under Section 10 of the Endangered Species Act, demonstrated that significant reductions in sea turtle interactions could be achieved through the application of large circle style hooks and certain bait combinations. In December 2002, fisheries data indicated that the ITS had been exceeded for Atlantic leatherback sea turtles in 2001/2002 and for Atlantic loggerhead sea turtles in 2002. The 2001 and 2002 turtle interaction levels for the Atlantic fishery was estimated at 1,208 leatherbacks and 312 loggerheads for 2001 and 962 leatherbacks and 575 loggerheads for 2002. The rule, proposed in this final supplemental EIS, would limit vessels in the Atlantic longline inasmuch as their operation affects HMS. The limitations would allow only the possession and/or use of certain hook and bait combinations, re-open the NED Statistical Reporting Area to pelagic longline fishing under specific hook and bait limitations, and require the possession and use of specific sea turtle handling and release equipment and sea turtle handing and release protocols to reduce bycatch and bycatch mortality of incidentally caught Atlantic sea turtles in the pelagic longline fishery. POSITIVE IMPACTS: By reducing bycatch and incidental catch, the regulatory amendments would improve the sustainability of the HMS species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Certain fishery management provisions, particularly gear restrictions, could result in economic losses to fishing interests. LEGAL MANDATES: Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 98-0464D, Volume 22, Number 2, and 99-0082D, Volume 23, Number 1, respectively. For the abstract of the draft supplemental EIS, see 04-0297D, Volume 28, Number 3. JF - EPA number: 040296, 371 pages, June 23, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 6 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Caribbean Sea KW - Georgia KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - South Carolina KW - Texas KW - Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Compliance KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36369590?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Atmospheric and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 23, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 14 of 22] T2 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36367753; 10847-040296_0014 AB - PURPOSE: The adoption of a rule to reduce sea turtle bycatch and bycatch mortality in the Atlantic pelagic longline fishery is proposed. The target species are highly migratory species (HMS) inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea; these include swordfish, Atlantic billfish, Atlantic tunas, Atlantic sharks, and other finfish. In June 2001, the National Marine Fisheries Service published a biological opinion regarding Atlantic sea turtles, concluding that the continued operation of the fishery is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the Atlantic leatherback and loggerhead sea turtles. To avoid jeopardy, the reasonable and prudent alternative outlined in the biological opinion included a closure of the Northeast Distant (NED) Statistical Reporting Area, implementation of a research program to develop or modify fishing gear, and implementation of techniques to reduce sea turtle interactions with fishing operations and mortality associated with such interactions. The opinion also included an incidental take statement (ITS) for the fishery that established incidental take levels of 438 leatherback and 402 loggerhead turtles on an annual basis. The opinion further considered modification or reopening of the NED on the condition that takes attributable to fishing effort in that area could be reduced sufficiently through gear and technique modifications. The NED research experiment, permitted under Section 10 of the Endangered Species Act, demonstrated that significant reductions in sea turtle interactions could be achieved through the application of large circle style hooks and certain bait combinations. In December 2002, fisheries data indicated that the ITS had been exceeded for Atlantic leatherback sea turtles in 2001/2002 and for Atlantic loggerhead sea turtles in 2002. The 2001 and 2002 turtle interaction levels for the Atlantic fishery was estimated at 1,208 leatherbacks and 312 loggerheads for 2001 and 962 leatherbacks and 575 loggerheads for 2002. The rule, proposed in this final supplemental EIS, would limit vessels in the Atlantic longline inasmuch as their operation affects HMS. The limitations would allow only the possession and/or use of certain hook and bait combinations, re-open the NED Statistical Reporting Area to pelagic longline fishing under specific hook and bait limitations, and require the possession and use of specific sea turtle handling and release equipment and sea turtle handing and release protocols to reduce bycatch and bycatch mortality of incidentally caught Atlantic sea turtles in the pelagic longline fishery. POSITIVE IMPACTS: By reducing bycatch and incidental catch, the regulatory amendments would improve the sustainability of the HMS species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Certain fishery management provisions, particularly gear restrictions, could result in economic losses to fishing interests. LEGAL MANDATES: Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 98-0464D, Volume 22, Number 2, and 99-0082D, Volume 23, Number 1, respectively. For the abstract of the draft supplemental EIS, see 04-0297D, Volume 28, Number 3. JF - EPA number: 040296, 371 pages, June 23, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 14 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Caribbean Sea KW - Georgia KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - South Carolina KW - Texas KW - Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Compliance KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36367753?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Atmospheric and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 23, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 3 of 22] T2 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36367603; 10847-040296_0003 AB - PURPOSE: The adoption of a rule to reduce sea turtle bycatch and bycatch mortality in the Atlantic pelagic longline fishery is proposed. The target species are highly migratory species (HMS) inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea; these include swordfish, Atlantic billfish, Atlantic tunas, Atlantic sharks, and other finfish. In June 2001, the National Marine Fisheries Service published a biological opinion regarding Atlantic sea turtles, concluding that the continued operation of the fishery is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the Atlantic leatherback and loggerhead sea turtles. To avoid jeopardy, the reasonable and prudent alternative outlined in the biological opinion included a closure of the Northeast Distant (NED) Statistical Reporting Area, implementation of a research program to develop or modify fishing gear, and implementation of techniques to reduce sea turtle interactions with fishing operations and mortality associated with such interactions. The opinion also included an incidental take statement (ITS) for the fishery that established incidental take levels of 438 leatherback and 402 loggerhead turtles on an annual basis. The opinion further considered modification or reopening of the NED on the condition that takes attributable to fishing effort in that area could be reduced sufficiently through gear and technique modifications. The NED research experiment, permitted under Section 10 of the Endangered Species Act, demonstrated that significant reductions in sea turtle interactions could be achieved through the application of large circle style hooks and certain bait combinations. In December 2002, fisheries data indicated that the ITS had been exceeded for Atlantic leatherback sea turtles in 2001/2002 and for Atlantic loggerhead sea turtles in 2002. The 2001 and 2002 turtle interaction levels for the Atlantic fishery was estimated at 1,208 leatherbacks and 312 loggerheads for 2001 and 962 leatherbacks and 575 loggerheads for 2002. The rule, proposed in this final supplemental EIS, would limit vessels in the Atlantic longline inasmuch as their operation affects HMS. The limitations would allow only the possession and/or use of certain hook and bait combinations, re-open the NED Statistical Reporting Area to pelagic longline fishing under specific hook and bait limitations, and require the possession and use of specific sea turtle handling and release equipment and sea turtle handing and release protocols to reduce bycatch and bycatch mortality of incidentally caught Atlantic sea turtles in the pelagic longline fishery. POSITIVE IMPACTS: By reducing bycatch and incidental catch, the regulatory amendments would improve the sustainability of the HMS species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Certain fishery management provisions, particularly gear restrictions, could result in economic losses to fishing interests. LEGAL MANDATES: Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 98-0464D, Volume 22, Number 2, and 99-0082D, Volume 23, Number 1, respectively. For the abstract of the draft supplemental EIS, see 04-0297D, Volume 28, Number 3. JF - EPA number: 040296, 371 pages, June 23, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 3 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Caribbean Sea KW - Georgia KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - South Carolina KW - Texas KW - Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Compliance KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36367603?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Atmospheric and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 23, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 10 of 22] T2 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36362981; 10847-040296_0010 AB - PURPOSE: The adoption of a rule to reduce sea turtle bycatch and bycatch mortality in the Atlantic pelagic longline fishery is proposed. The target species are highly migratory species (HMS) inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea; these include swordfish, Atlantic billfish, Atlantic tunas, Atlantic sharks, and other finfish. In June 2001, the National Marine Fisheries Service published a biological opinion regarding Atlantic sea turtles, concluding that the continued operation of the fishery is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the Atlantic leatherback and loggerhead sea turtles. To avoid jeopardy, the reasonable and prudent alternative outlined in the biological opinion included a closure of the Northeast Distant (NED) Statistical Reporting Area, implementation of a research program to develop or modify fishing gear, and implementation of techniques to reduce sea turtle interactions with fishing operations and mortality associated with such interactions. The opinion also included an incidental take statement (ITS) for the fishery that established incidental take levels of 438 leatherback and 402 loggerhead turtles on an annual basis. The opinion further considered modification or reopening of the NED on the condition that takes attributable to fishing effort in that area could be reduced sufficiently through gear and technique modifications. The NED research experiment, permitted under Section 10 of the Endangered Species Act, demonstrated that significant reductions in sea turtle interactions could be achieved through the application of large circle style hooks and certain bait combinations. In December 2002, fisheries data indicated that the ITS had been exceeded for Atlantic leatherback sea turtles in 2001/2002 and for Atlantic loggerhead sea turtles in 2002. The 2001 and 2002 turtle interaction levels for the Atlantic fishery was estimated at 1,208 leatherbacks and 312 loggerheads for 2001 and 962 leatherbacks and 575 loggerheads for 2002. The rule, proposed in this final supplemental EIS, would limit vessels in the Atlantic longline inasmuch as their operation affects HMS. The limitations would allow only the possession and/or use of certain hook and bait combinations, re-open the NED Statistical Reporting Area to pelagic longline fishing under specific hook and bait limitations, and require the possession and use of specific sea turtle handling and release equipment and sea turtle handing and release protocols to reduce bycatch and bycatch mortality of incidentally caught Atlantic sea turtles in the pelagic longline fishery. POSITIVE IMPACTS: By reducing bycatch and incidental catch, the regulatory amendments would improve the sustainability of the HMS species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Certain fishery management provisions, particularly gear restrictions, could result in economic losses to fishing interests. LEGAL MANDATES: Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 98-0464D, Volume 22, Number 2, and 99-0082D, Volume 23, Number 1, respectively. For the abstract of the draft supplemental EIS, see 04-0297D, Volume 28, Number 3. JF - EPA number: 040296, 371 pages, June 23, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 10 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Caribbean Sea KW - Georgia KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - South Carolina KW - Texas KW - Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Compliance KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36362981?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Atmospheric and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 23, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 1 of 22] T2 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36362656; 10847-040296_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The adoption of a rule to reduce sea turtle bycatch and bycatch mortality in the Atlantic pelagic longline fishery is proposed. The target species are highly migratory species (HMS) inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea; these include swordfish, Atlantic billfish, Atlantic tunas, Atlantic sharks, and other finfish. In June 2001, the National Marine Fisheries Service published a biological opinion regarding Atlantic sea turtles, concluding that the continued operation of the fishery is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the Atlantic leatherback and loggerhead sea turtles. To avoid jeopardy, the reasonable and prudent alternative outlined in the biological opinion included a closure of the Northeast Distant (NED) Statistical Reporting Area, implementation of a research program to develop or modify fishing gear, and implementation of techniques to reduce sea turtle interactions with fishing operations and mortality associated with such interactions. The opinion also included an incidental take statement (ITS) for the fishery that established incidental take levels of 438 leatherback and 402 loggerhead turtles on an annual basis. The opinion further considered modification or reopening of the NED on the condition that takes attributable to fishing effort in that area could be reduced sufficiently through gear and technique modifications. The NED research experiment, permitted under Section 10 of the Endangered Species Act, demonstrated that significant reductions in sea turtle interactions could be achieved through the application of large circle style hooks and certain bait combinations. In December 2002, fisheries data indicated that the ITS had been exceeded for Atlantic leatherback sea turtles in 2001/2002 and for Atlantic loggerhead sea turtles in 2002. The 2001 and 2002 turtle interaction levels for the Atlantic fishery was estimated at 1,208 leatherbacks and 312 loggerheads for 2001 and 962 leatherbacks and 575 loggerheads for 2002. The rule, proposed in this final supplemental EIS, would limit vessels in the Atlantic longline inasmuch as their operation affects HMS. The limitations would allow only the possession and/or use of certain hook and bait combinations, re-open the NED Statistical Reporting Area to pelagic longline fishing under specific hook and bait limitations, and require the possession and use of specific sea turtle handling and release equipment and sea turtle handing and release protocols to reduce bycatch and bycatch mortality of incidentally caught Atlantic sea turtles in the pelagic longline fishery. POSITIVE IMPACTS: By reducing bycatch and incidental catch, the regulatory amendments would improve the sustainability of the HMS species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Certain fishery management provisions, particularly gear restrictions, could result in economic losses to fishing interests. LEGAL MANDATES: Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 98-0464D, Volume 22, Number 2, and 99-0082D, Volume 23, Number 1, respectively. For the abstract of the draft supplemental EIS, see 04-0297D, Volume 28, Number 3. JF - EPA number: 040296, 371 pages, June 23, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 1 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Caribbean Sea KW - Georgia KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - South Carolina KW - Texas KW - Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Compliance KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36362656?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Atmospheric and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 23, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 8 of 22] T2 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36360209; 10847-040296_0008 AB - PURPOSE: The adoption of a rule to reduce sea turtle bycatch and bycatch mortality in the Atlantic pelagic longline fishery is proposed. The target species are highly migratory species (HMS) inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea; these include swordfish, Atlantic billfish, Atlantic tunas, Atlantic sharks, and other finfish. In June 2001, the National Marine Fisheries Service published a biological opinion regarding Atlantic sea turtles, concluding that the continued operation of the fishery is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the Atlantic leatherback and loggerhead sea turtles. To avoid jeopardy, the reasonable and prudent alternative outlined in the biological opinion included a closure of the Northeast Distant (NED) Statistical Reporting Area, implementation of a research program to develop or modify fishing gear, and implementation of techniques to reduce sea turtle interactions with fishing operations and mortality associated with such interactions. The opinion also included an incidental take statement (ITS) for the fishery that established incidental take levels of 438 leatherback and 402 loggerhead turtles on an annual basis. The opinion further considered modification or reopening of the NED on the condition that takes attributable to fishing effort in that area could be reduced sufficiently through gear and technique modifications. The NED research experiment, permitted under Section 10 of the Endangered Species Act, demonstrated that significant reductions in sea turtle interactions could be achieved through the application of large circle style hooks and certain bait combinations. In December 2002, fisheries data indicated that the ITS had been exceeded for Atlantic leatherback sea turtles in 2001/2002 and for Atlantic loggerhead sea turtles in 2002. The 2001 and 2002 turtle interaction levels for the Atlantic fishery was estimated at 1,208 leatherbacks and 312 loggerheads for 2001 and 962 leatherbacks and 575 loggerheads for 2002. The rule, proposed in this final supplemental EIS, would limit vessels in the Atlantic longline inasmuch as their operation affects HMS. The limitations would allow only the possession and/or use of certain hook and bait combinations, re-open the NED Statistical Reporting Area to pelagic longline fishing under specific hook and bait limitations, and require the possession and use of specific sea turtle handling and release equipment and sea turtle handing and release protocols to reduce bycatch and bycatch mortality of incidentally caught Atlantic sea turtles in the pelagic longline fishery. POSITIVE IMPACTS: By reducing bycatch and incidental catch, the regulatory amendments would improve the sustainability of the HMS species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Certain fishery management provisions, particularly gear restrictions, could result in economic losses to fishing interests. LEGAL MANDATES: Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 98-0464D, Volume 22, Number 2, and 99-0082D, Volume 23, Number 1, respectively. For the abstract of the draft supplemental EIS, see 04-0297D, Volume 28, Number 3. JF - EPA number: 040296, 371 pages, June 23, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 8 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Caribbean Sea KW - Georgia KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - South Carolina KW - Texas KW - Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Compliance KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36360209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Atmospheric and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 23, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 22 of 22] T2 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36359078; 10847-040296_0022 AB - PURPOSE: The adoption of a rule to reduce sea turtle bycatch and bycatch mortality in the Atlantic pelagic longline fishery is proposed. The target species are highly migratory species (HMS) inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea; these include swordfish, Atlantic billfish, Atlantic tunas, Atlantic sharks, and other finfish. In June 2001, the National Marine Fisheries Service published a biological opinion regarding Atlantic sea turtles, concluding that the continued operation of the fishery is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the Atlantic leatherback and loggerhead sea turtles. To avoid jeopardy, the reasonable and prudent alternative outlined in the biological opinion included a closure of the Northeast Distant (NED) Statistical Reporting Area, implementation of a research program to develop or modify fishing gear, and implementation of techniques to reduce sea turtle interactions with fishing operations and mortality associated with such interactions. The opinion also included an incidental take statement (ITS) for the fishery that established incidental take levels of 438 leatherback and 402 loggerhead turtles on an annual basis. The opinion further considered modification or reopening of the NED on the condition that takes attributable to fishing effort in that area could be reduced sufficiently through gear and technique modifications. The NED research experiment, permitted under Section 10 of the Endangered Species Act, demonstrated that significant reductions in sea turtle interactions could be achieved through the application of large circle style hooks and certain bait combinations. In December 2002, fisheries data indicated that the ITS had been exceeded for Atlantic leatherback sea turtles in 2001/2002 and for Atlantic loggerhead sea turtles in 2002. The 2001 and 2002 turtle interaction levels for the Atlantic fishery was estimated at 1,208 leatherbacks and 312 loggerheads for 2001 and 962 leatherbacks and 575 loggerheads for 2002. The rule, proposed in this final supplemental EIS, would limit vessels in the Atlantic longline inasmuch as their operation affects HMS. The limitations would allow only the possession and/or use of certain hook and bait combinations, re-open the NED Statistical Reporting Area to pelagic longline fishing under specific hook and bait limitations, and require the possession and use of specific sea turtle handling and release equipment and sea turtle handing and release protocols to reduce bycatch and bycatch mortality of incidentally caught Atlantic sea turtles in the pelagic longline fishery. POSITIVE IMPACTS: By reducing bycatch and incidental catch, the regulatory amendments would improve the sustainability of the HMS species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Certain fishery management provisions, particularly gear restrictions, could result in economic losses to fishing interests. LEGAL MANDATES: Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 98-0464D, Volume 22, Number 2, and 99-0082D, Volume 23, Number 1, respectively. For the abstract of the draft supplemental EIS, see 04-0297D, Volume 28, Number 3. JF - EPA number: 040296, 371 pages, June 23, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 22 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Caribbean Sea KW - Georgia KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - South Carolina KW - Texas KW - Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Compliance KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36359078?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Atmospheric and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 23, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 19 of 22] T2 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36358564; 10847-040296_0019 AB - PURPOSE: The adoption of a rule to reduce sea turtle bycatch and bycatch mortality in the Atlantic pelagic longline fishery is proposed. The target species are highly migratory species (HMS) inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea; these include swordfish, Atlantic billfish, Atlantic tunas, Atlantic sharks, and other finfish. In June 2001, the National Marine Fisheries Service published a biological opinion regarding Atlantic sea turtles, concluding that the continued operation of the fishery is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the Atlantic leatherback and loggerhead sea turtles. To avoid jeopardy, the reasonable and prudent alternative outlined in the biological opinion included a closure of the Northeast Distant (NED) Statistical Reporting Area, implementation of a research program to develop or modify fishing gear, and implementation of techniques to reduce sea turtle interactions with fishing operations and mortality associated with such interactions. The opinion also included an incidental take statement (ITS) for the fishery that established incidental take levels of 438 leatherback and 402 loggerhead turtles on an annual basis. The opinion further considered modification or reopening of the NED on the condition that takes attributable to fishing effort in that area could be reduced sufficiently through gear and technique modifications. The NED research experiment, permitted under Section 10 of the Endangered Species Act, demonstrated that significant reductions in sea turtle interactions could be achieved through the application of large circle style hooks and certain bait combinations. In December 2002, fisheries data indicated that the ITS had been exceeded for Atlantic leatherback sea turtles in 2001/2002 and for Atlantic loggerhead sea turtles in 2002. The 2001 and 2002 turtle interaction levels for the Atlantic fishery was estimated at 1,208 leatherbacks and 312 loggerheads for 2001 and 962 leatherbacks and 575 loggerheads for 2002. The rule, proposed in this final supplemental EIS, would limit vessels in the Atlantic longline inasmuch as their operation affects HMS. The limitations would allow only the possession and/or use of certain hook and bait combinations, re-open the NED Statistical Reporting Area to pelagic longline fishing under specific hook and bait limitations, and require the possession and use of specific sea turtle handling and release equipment and sea turtle handing and release protocols to reduce bycatch and bycatch mortality of incidentally caught Atlantic sea turtles in the pelagic longline fishery. POSITIVE IMPACTS: By reducing bycatch and incidental catch, the regulatory amendments would improve the sustainability of the HMS species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Certain fishery management provisions, particularly gear restrictions, could result in economic losses to fishing interests. LEGAL MANDATES: Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 98-0464D, Volume 22, Number 2, and 99-0082D, Volume 23, Number 1, respectively. For the abstract of the draft supplemental EIS, see 04-0297D, Volume 28, Number 3. JF - EPA number: 040296, 371 pages, June 23, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 19 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Caribbean Sea KW - Georgia KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - South Carolina KW - Texas KW - Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Compliance KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36358564?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Atmospheric and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 23, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 5 of 22] T2 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36358226; 10847-040296_0005 AB - PURPOSE: The adoption of a rule to reduce sea turtle bycatch and bycatch mortality in the Atlantic pelagic longline fishery is proposed. The target species are highly migratory species (HMS) inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea; these include swordfish, Atlantic billfish, Atlantic tunas, Atlantic sharks, and other finfish. In June 2001, the National Marine Fisheries Service published a biological opinion regarding Atlantic sea turtles, concluding that the continued operation of the fishery is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the Atlantic leatherback and loggerhead sea turtles. To avoid jeopardy, the reasonable and prudent alternative outlined in the biological opinion included a closure of the Northeast Distant (NED) Statistical Reporting Area, implementation of a research program to develop or modify fishing gear, and implementation of techniques to reduce sea turtle interactions with fishing operations and mortality associated with such interactions. The opinion also included an incidental take statement (ITS) for the fishery that established incidental take levels of 438 leatherback and 402 loggerhead turtles on an annual basis. The opinion further considered modification or reopening of the NED on the condition that takes attributable to fishing effort in that area could be reduced sufficiently through gear and technique modifications. The NED research experiment, permitted under Section 10 of the Endangered Species Act, demonstrated that significant reductions in sea turtle interactions could be achieved through the application of large circle style hooks and certain bait combinations. In December 2002, fisheries data indicated that the ITS had been exceeded for Atlantic leatherback sea turtles in 2001/2002 and for Atlantic loggerhead sea turtles in 2002. The 2001 and 2002 turtle interaction levels for the Atlantic fishery was estimated at 1,208 leatherbacks and 312 loggerheads for 2001 and 962 leatherbacks and 575 loggerheads for 2002. The rule, proposed in this final supplemental EIS, would limit vessels in the Atlantic longline inasmuch as their operation affects HMS. The limitations would allow only the possession and/or use of certain hook and bait combinations, re-open the NED Statistical Reporting Area to pelagic longline fishing under specific hook and bait limitations, and require the possession and use of specific sea turtle handling and release equipment and sea turtle handing and release protocols to reduce bycatch and bycatch mortality of incidentally caught Atlantic sea turtles in the pelagic longline fishery. POSITIVE IMPACTS: By reducing bycatch and incidental catch, the regulatory amendments would improve the sustainability of the HMS species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Certain fishery management provisions, particularly gear restrictions, could result in economic losses to fishing interests. LEGAL MANDATES: Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 98-0464D, Volume 22, Number 2, and 99-0082D, Volume 23, Number 1, respectively. For the abstract of the draft supplemental EIS, see 04-0297D, Volume 28, Number 3. JF - EPA number: 040296, 371 pages, June 23, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 5 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Caribbean Sea KW - Georgia KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - South Carolina KW - Texas KW - Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Compliance KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36358226?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Atmospheric and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 23, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 9 of 22] T2 - REDUCTION OF SEA TURTLE BYCATCH AND BYCATCH MORTALITY IN THE ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY (FINAL SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36354480; 10847-040296_0009 AB - PURPOSE: The adoption of a rule to reduce sea turtle bycatch and bycatch mortality in the Atlantic pelagic longline fishery is proposed. The target species are highly migratory species (HMS) inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea; these include swordfish, Atlantic billfish, Atlantic tunas, Atlantic sharks, and other finfish. In June 2001, the National Marine Fisheries Service published a biological opinion regarding Atlantic sea turtles, concluding that the continued operation of the fishery is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the Atlantic leatherback and loggerhead sea turtles. To avoid jeopardy, the reasonable and prudent alternative outlined in the biological opinion included a closure of the Northeast Distant (NED) Statistical Reporting Area, implementation of a research program to develop or modify fishing gear, and implementation of techniques to reduce sea turtle interactions with fishing operations and mortality associated with such interactions. The opinion also included an incidental take statement (ITS) for the fishery that established incidental take levels of 438 leatherback and 402 loggerhead turtles on an annual basis. The opinion further considered modification or reopening of the NED on the condition that takes attributable to fishing effort in that area could be reduced sufficiently through gear and technique modifications. The NED research experiment, permitted under Section 10 of the Endangered Species Act, demonstrated that significant reductions in sea turtle interactions could be achieved through the application of large circle style hooks and certain bait combinations. In December 2002, fisheries data indicated that the ITS had been exceeded for Atlantic leatherback sea turtles in 2001/2002 and for Atlantic loggerhead sea turtles in 2002. The 2001 and 2002 turtle interaction levels for the Atlantic fishery was estimated at 1,208 leatherbacks and 312 loggerheads for 2001 and 962 leatherbacks and 575 loggerheads for 2002. The rule, proposed in this final supplemental EIS, would limit vessels in the Atlantic longline inasmuch as their operation affects HMS. The limitations would allow only the possession and/or use of certain hook and bait combinations, re-open the NED Statistical Reporting Area to pelagic longline fishing under specific hook and bait limitations, and require the possession and use of specific sea turtle handling and release equipment and sea turtle handing and release protocols to reduce bycatch and bycatch mortality of incidentally caught Atlantic sea turtles in the pelagic longline fishery. POSITIVE IMPACTS: By reducing bycatch and incidental catch, the regulatory amendments would improve the sustainability of the HMS species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Certain fishery management provisions, particularly gear restrictions, could result in economic losses to fishing interests. LEGAL MANDATES: Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 98-0464D, Volume 22, Number 2, and 99-0082D, Volume 23, Number 1, respectively. For the abstract of the draft supplemental EIS, see 04-0297D, Volume 28, Number 3. JF - EPA number: 040296, 371 pages, June 23, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 9 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Caribbean Sea KW - Georgia KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - South Carolina KW - Texas KW - Atlantic Tunas Convention Act, Compliance KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36354480?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=REDUCTION+OF+SEA+TURTLE+BYCATCH+AND+BYCATCH+MORTALITY+IN+THE+ATLANTIC+PELAGIC+LONGLINE+FISHERY+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Atmospheric and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 23, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. [Part 14 of 14] T2 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. AN - 905874316; 10845-4_0014 AB - PURPOSE: The amendment of seven fishery management plans (FMPs) covering various species taken from the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic Ocean is proposed to protect essential fish habitat (EFH) within the affected areas. Fisheries addressed for the include those for shrimp, red drum, reef fish, stone crab, and coral and coral reefs, of the Gulf of Mexico as well as those for spiny lobster and South Atlantic migratory pelagic species of the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic. In 1999, a coalition of environmental groups initiated a legal action challenging the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's approval of the EFH FMP amendments prepared by the Gulf of Mexico and other fishery management councils. The court found that the EFH amendments were in accordance with the appropriate legislation, but held that the environmental assessments on the amendments were in violation of the National Environmental Policy Act. NOAA entered into a joint stipulation with the plaintiff that called for each affected Council to complete an EIS. This final supplemental EIS identifies and describes EFH resources, identifies habitat areas of particular concern (HAPCs), addresses adverse impacts of fishing on EFH, and evaluates the consequences of five HAPC alternatives and five EFH alternatives. A No Action Alternative is evaluated for EFH and HAPCs (Alternative 1 in each case). With respect to EFH for red drum, reef fish, coastal migratory pelagics, shrimp, stone crab, and spiny lobster, the preferred alternative (Alternative 6) would regulate fishing weights on vertical line fishing gear used over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit bottom anchoring over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit the use of bottom longlines, buoy gear, and all traps/pots on coral reefs, prohibit the use of trawling gear on coral reefs, and require a week link in the tickler chain of bottom trawls within all habitats. With respect to EFH for coral, the preferred alternative (Alternative 4) would include restrictions on the lengths of trawl headrope and of trawl vessels and the use of tickler chains to one chain with a maximum link diameter of 0.25 inch. The coral EPA alternative would also include prohibitions on the use of: trotlines when using traps/pots; tickler chains on hard bottom, submerged aquatic vegetation and sand/shell, and soft sediments; traps/potsand bottom longlines and buoy gear on coral reefs; and anchors on coral. With respect to the identification of HAPCs, the preferred alternative (Alternative 9) would designate the following areas as HAPCs (Alternative 9): the Flower Garden Banks, the Florida Middle Grounds, the Tortugas North and South Ecological Reserves, and the Madison-Swanson Marine Reserve. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The FMP amendments would ensure the continued protection of EFH within HAPCs in the affected fisheries, while allowing viable commercial exploitation of fishery resources. With respect to corals, the preferred alternative would establish major modifications to fishing gear and gear closures on sensitive habitats to prevent, mitigate, or minimize adverse fishing impacts. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Gear and other restriction would limit access to the fisheries for some local and regional fishing interests, a situation which could result in economic hardships for certain fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0068D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040294, Final EIS--1,442 pages, Appendices--1,378 pages, June 18, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 14 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Conservation KW - Corals KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Preserves KW - Reefs KW - Regulations KW - Shellfish KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/905874316?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.title=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 18, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. [Part 13 of 14] T2 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. AN - 905874314; 10845-4_0013 AB - PURPOSE: The amendment of seven fishery management plans (FMPs) covering various species taken from the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic Ocean is proposed to protect essential fish habitat (EFH) within the affected areas. Fisheries addressed for the include those for shrimp, red drum, reef fish, stone crab, and coral and coral reefs, of the Gulf of Mexico as well as those for spiny lobster and South Atlantic migratory pelagic species of the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic. In 1999, a coalition of environmental groups initiated a legal action challenging the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's approval of the EFH FMP amendments prepared by the Gulf of Mexico and other fishery management councils. The court found that the EFH amendments were in accordance with the appropriate legislation, but held that the environmental assessments on the amendments were in violation of the National Environmental Policy Act. NOAA entered into a joint stipulation with the plaintiff that called for each affected Council to complete an EIS. This final supplemental EIS identifies and describes EFH resources, identifies habitat areas of particular concern (HAPCs), addresses adverse impacts of fishing on EFH, and evaluates the consequences of five HAPC alternatives and five EFH alternatives. A No Action Alternative is evaluated for EFH and HAPCs (Alternative 1 in each case). With respect to EFH for red drum, reef fish, coastal migratory pelagics, shrimp, stone crab, and spiny lobster, the preferred alternative (Alternative 6) would regulate fishing weights on vertical line fishing gear used over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit bottom anchoring over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit the use of bottom longlines, buoy gear, and all traps/pots on coral reefs, prohibit the use of trawling gear on coral reefs, and require a week link in the tickler chain of bottom trawls within all habitats. With respect to EFH for coral, the preferred alternative (Alternative 4) would include restrictions on the lengths of trawl headrope and of trawl vessels and the use of tickler chains to one chain with a maximum link diameter of 0.25 inch. The coral EPA alternative would also include prohibitions on the use of: trotlines when using traps/pots; tickler chains on hard bottom, submerged aquatic vegetation and sand/shell, and soft sediments; traps/potsand bottom longlines and buoy gear on coral reefs; and anchors on coral. With respect to the identification of HAPCs, the preferred alternative (Alternative 9) would designate the following areas as HAPCs (Alternative 9): the Flower Garden Banks, the Florida Middle Grounds, the Tortugas North and South Ecological Reserves, and the Madison-Swanson Marine Reserve. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The FMP amendments would ensure the continued protection of EFH within HAPCs in the affected fisheries, while allowing viable commercial exploitation of fishery resources. With respect to corals, the preferred alternative would establish major modifications to fishing gear and gear closures on sensitive habitats to prevent, mitigate, or minimize adverse fishing impacts. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Gear and other restriction would limit access to the fisheries for some local and regional fishing interests, a situation which could result in economic hardships for certain fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0068D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040294, Final EIS--1,442 pages, Appendices--1,378 pages, June 18, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 13 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Conservation KW - Corals KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Preserves KW - Reefs KW - Regulations KW - Shellfish KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/905874314?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.title=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 18, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. [Part 12 of 14] T2 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. AN - 905874309; 10845-4_0012 AB - PURPOSE: The amendment of seven fishery management plans (FMPs) covering various species taken from the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic Ocean is proposed to protect essential fish habitat (EFH) within the affected areas. Fisheries addressed for the include those for shrimp, red drum, reef fish, stone crab, and coral and coral reefs, of the Gulf of Mexico as well as those for spiny lobster and South Atlantic migratory pelagic species of the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic. In 1999, a coalition of environmental groups initiated a legal action challenging the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's approval of the EFH FMP amendments prepared by the Gulf of Mexico and other fishery management councils. The court found that the EFH amendments were in accordance with the appropriate legislation, but held that the environmental assessments on the amendments were in violation of the National Environmental Policy Act. NOAA entered into a joint stipulation with the plaintiff that called for each affected Council to complete an EIS. This final supplemental EIS identifies and describes EFH resources, identifies habitat areas of particular concern (HAPCs), addresses adverse impacts of fishing on EFH, and evaluates the consequences of five HAPC alternatives and five EFH alternatives. A No Action Alternative is evaluated for EFH and HAPCs (Alternative 1 in each case). With respect to EFH for red drum, reef fish, coastal migratory pelagics, shrimp, stone crab, and spiny lobster, the preferred alternative (Alternative 6) would regulate fishing weights on vertical line fishing gear used over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit bottom anchoring over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit the use of bottom longlines, buoy gear, and all traps/pots on coral reefs, prohibit the use of trawling gear on coral reefs, and require a week link in the tickler chain of bottom trawls within all habitats. With respect to EFH for coral, the preferred alternative (Alternative 4) would include restrictions on the lengths of trawl headrope and of trawl vessels and the use of tickler chains to one chain with a maximum link diameter of 0.25 inch. The coral EPA alternative would also include prohibitions on the use of: trotlines when using traps/pots; tickler chains on hard bottom, submerged aquatic vegetation and sand/shell, and soft sediments; traps/potsand bottom longlines and buoy gear on coral reefs; and anchors on coral. With respect to the identification of HAPCs, the preferred alternative (Alternative 9) would designate the following areas as HAPCs (Alternative 9): the Flower Garden Banks, the Florida Middle Grounds, the Tortugas North and South Ecological Reserves, and the Madison-Swanson Marine Reserve. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The FMP amendments would ensure the continued protection of EFH within HAPCs in the affected fisheries, while allowing viable commercial exploitation of fishery resources. With respect to corals, the preferred alternative would establish major modifications to fishing gear and gear closures on sensitive habitats to prevent, mitigate, or minimize adverse fishing impacts. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Gear and other restriction would limit access to the fisheries for some local and regional fishing interests, a situation which could result in economic hardships for certain fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0068D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040294, Final EIS--1,442 pages, Appendices--1,378 pages, June 18, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 12 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Conservation KW - Corals KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Preserves KW - Reefs KW - Regulations KW - Shellfish KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/905874309?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.title=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 18, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. [Part 11 of 14] T2 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. AN - 905874307; 10845-4_0011 AB - PURPOSE: The amendment of seven fishery management plans (FMPs) covering various species taken from the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic Ocean is proposed to protect essential fish habitat (EFH) within the affected areas. Fisheries addressed for the include those for shrimp, red drum, reef fish, stone crab, and coral and coral reefs, of the Gulf of Mexico as well as those for spiny lobster and South Atlantic migratory pelagic species of the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic. In 1999, a coalition of environmental groups initiated a legal action challenging the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's approval of the EFH FMP amendments prepared by the Gulf of Mexico and other fishery management councils. The court found that the EFH amendments were in accordance with the appropriate legislation, but held that the environmental assessments on the amendments were in violation of the National Environmental Policy Act. NOAA entered into a joint stipulation with the plaintiff that called for each affected Council to complete an EIS. This final supplemental EIS identifies and describes EFH resources, identifies habitat areas of particular concern (HAPCs), addresses adverse impacts of fishing on EFH, and evaluates the consequences of five HAPC alternatives and five EFH alternatives. A No Action Alternative is evaluated for EFH and HAPCs (Alternative 1 in each case). With respect to EFH for red drum, reef fish, coastal migratory pelagics, shrimp, stone crab, and spiny lobster, the preferred alternative (Alternative 6) would regulate fishing weights on vertical line fishing gear used over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit bottom anchoring over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit the use of bottom longlines, buoy gear, and all traps/pots on coral reefs, prohibit the use of trawling gear on coral reefs, and require a week link in the tickler chain of bottom trawls within all habitats. With respect to EFH for coral, the preferred alternative (Alternative 4) would include restrictions on the lengths of trawl headrope and of trawl vessels and the use of tickler chains to one chain with a maximum link diameter of 0.25 inch. The coral EPA alternative would also include prohibitions on the use of: trotlines when using traps/pots; tickler chains on hard bottom, submerged aquatic vegetation and sand/shell, and soft sediments; traps/potsand bottom longlines and buoy gear on coral reefs; and anchors on coral. With respect to the identification of HAPCs, the preferred alternative (Alternative 9) would designate the following areas as HAPCs (Alternative 9): the Flower Garden Banks, the Florida Middle Grounds, the Tortugas North and South Ecological Reserves, and the Madison-Swanson Marine Reserve. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The FMP amendments would ensure the continued protection of EFH within HAPCs in the affected fisheries, while allowing viable commercial exploitation of fishery resources. With respect to corals, the preferred alternative would establish major modifications to fishing gear and gear closures on sensitive habitats to prevent, mitigate, or minimize adverse fishing impacts. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Gear and other restriction would limit access to the fisheries for some local and regional fishing interests, a situation which could result in economic hardships for certain fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0068D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040294, Final EIS--1,442 pages, Appendices--1,378 pages, June 18, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 11 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Conservation KW - Corals KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Preserves KW - Reefs KW - Regulations KW - Shellfish KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/905874307?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.title=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 18, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. [Part 10 of 14] T2 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. AN - 905874304; 10845-4_0010 AB - PURPOSE: The amendment of seven fishery management plans (FMPs) covering various species taken from the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic Ocean is proposed to protect essential fish habitat (EFH) within the affected areas. Fisheries addressed for the include those for shrimp, red drum, reef fish, stone crab, and coral and coral reefs, of the Gulf of Mexico as well as those for spiny lobster and South Atlantic migratory pelagic species of the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic. In 1999, a coalition of environmental groups initiated a legal action challenging the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's approval of the EFH FMP amendments prepared by the Gulf of Mexico and other fishery management councils. The court found that the EFH amendments were in accordance with the appropriate legislation, but held that the environmental assessments on the amendments were in violation of the National Environmental Policy Act. NOAA entered into a joint stipulation with the plaintiff that called for each affected Council to complete an EIS. This final supplemental EIS identifies and describes EFH resources, identifies habitat areas of particular concern (HAPCs), addresses adverse impacts of fishing on EFH, and evaluates the consequences of five HAPC alternatives and five EFH alternatives. A No Action Alternative is evaluated for EFH and HAPCs (Alternative 1 in each case). With respect to EFH for red drum, reef fish, coastal migratory pelagics, shrimp, stone crab, and spiny lobster, the preferred alternative (Alternative 6) would regulate fishing weights on vertical line fishing gear used over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit bottom anchoring over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit the use of bottom longlines, buoy gear, and all traps/pots on coral reefs, prohibit the use of trawling gear on coral reefs, and require a week link in the tickler chain of bottom trawls within all habitats. With respect to EFH for coral, the preferred alternative (Alternative 4) would include restrictions on the lengths of trawl headrope and of trawl vessels and the use of tickler chains to one chain with a maximum link diameter of 0.25 inch. The coral EPA alternative would also include prohibitions on the use of: trotlines when using traps/pots; tickler chains on hard bottom, submerged aquatic vegetation and sand/shell, and soft sediments; traps/potsand bottom longlines and buoy gear on coral reefs; and anchors on coral. With respect to the identification of HAPCs, the preferred alternative (Alternative 9) would designate the following areas as HAPCs (Alternative 9): the Flower Garden Banks, the Florida Middle Grounds, the Tortugas North and South Ecological Reserves, and the Madison-Swanson Marine Reserve. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The FMP amendments would ensure the continued protection of EFH within HAPCs in the affected fisheries, while allowing viable commercial exploitation of fishery resources. With respect to corals, the preferred alternative would establish major modifications to fishing gear and gear closures on sensitive habitats to prevent, mitigate, or minimize adverse fishing impacts. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Gear and other restriction would limit access to the fisheries for some local and regional fishing interests, a situation which could result in economic hardships for certain fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0068D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040294, Final EIS--1,442 pages, Appendices--1,378 pages, June 18, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 10 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Conservation KW - Corals KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Preserves KW - Reefs KW - Regulations KW - Shellfish KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/905874304?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.title=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 18, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. [Part 9 of 14] T2 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. AN - 905874300; 10845-4_0009 AB - PURPOSE: The amendment of seven fishery management plans (FMPs) covering various species taken from the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic Ocean is proposed to protect essential fish habitat (EFH) within the affected areas. Fisheries addressed for the include those for shrimp, red drum, reef fish, stone crab, and coral and coral reefs, of the Gulf of Mexico as well as those for spiny lobster and South Atlantic migratory pelagic species of the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic. In 1999, a coalition of environmental groups initiated a legal action challenging the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's approval of the EFH FMP amendments prepared by the Gulf of Mexico and other fishery management councils. The court found that the EFH amendments were in accordance with the appropriate legislation, but held that the environmental assessments on the amendments were in violation of the National Environmental Policy Act. NOAA entered into a joint stipulation with the plaintiff that called for each affected Council to complete an EIS. This final supplemental EIS identifies and describes EFH resources, identifies habitat areas of particular concern (HAPCs), addresses adverse impacts of fishing on EFH, and evaluates the consequences of five HAPC alternatives and five EFH alternatives. A No Action Alternative is evaluated for EFH and HAPCs (Alternative 1 in each case). With respect to EFH for red drum, reef fish, coastal migratory pelagics, shrimp, stone crab, and spiny lobster, the preferred alternative (Alternative 6) would regulate fishing weights on vertical line fishing gear used over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit bottom anchoring over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit the use of bottom longlines, buoy gear, and all traps/pots on coral reefs, prohibit the use of trawling gear on coral reefs, and require a week link in the tickler chain of bottom trawls within all habitats. With respect to EFH for coral, the preferred alternative (Alternative 4) would include restrictions on the lengths of trawl headrope and of trawl vessels and the use of tickler chains to one chain with a maximum link diameter of 0.25 inch. The coral EPA alternative would also include prohibitions on the use of: trotlines when using traps/pots; tickler chains on hard bottom, submerged aquatic vegetation and sand/shell, and soft sediments; traps/potsand bottom longlines and buoy gear on coral reefs; and anchors on coral. With respect to the identification of HAPCs, the preferred alternative (Alternative 9) would designate the following areas as HAPCs (Alternative 9): the Flower Garden Banks, the Florida Middle Grounds, the Tortugas North and South Ecological Reserves, and the Madison-Swanson Marine Reserve. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The FMP amendments would ensure the continued protection of EFH within HAPCs in the affected fisheries, while allowing viable commercial exploitation of fishery resources. With respect to corals, the preferred alternative would establish major modifications to fishing gear and gear closures on sensitive habitats to prevent, mitigate, or minimize adverse fishing impacts. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Gear and other restriction would limit access to the fisheries for some local and regional fishing interests, a situation which could result in economic hardships for certain fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0068D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040294, Final EIS--1,442 pages, Appendices--1,378 pages, June 18, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 9 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Conservation KW - Corals KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Preserves KW - Reefs KW - Regulations KW - Shellfish KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/905874300?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.title=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 18, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. [Part 8 of 14] T2 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. AN - 905874294; 10845-4_0008 AB - PURPOSE: The amendment of seven fishery management plans (FMPs) covering various species taken from the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic Ocean is proposed to protect essential fish habitat (EFH) within the affected areas. Fisheries addressed for the include those for shrimp, red drum, reef fish, stone crab, and coral and coral reefs, of the Gulf of Mexico as well as those for spiny lobster and South Atlantic migratory pelagic species of the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic. In 1999, a coalition of environmental groups initiated a legal action challenging the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's approval of the EFH FMP amendments prepared by the Gulf of Mexico and other fishery management councils. The court found that the EFH amendments were in accordance with the appropriate legislation, but held that the environmental assessments on the amendments were in violation of the National Environmental Policy Act. NOAA entered into a joint stipulation with the plaintiff that called for each affected Council to complete an EIS. This final supplemental EIS identifies and describes EFH resources, identifies habitat areas of particular concern (HAPCs), addresses adverse impacts of fishing on EFH, and evaluates the consequences of five HAPC alternatives and five EFH alternatives. A No Action Alternative is evaluated for EFH and HAPCs (Alternative 1 in each case). With respect to EFH for red drum, reef fish, coastal migratory pelagics, shrimp, stone crab, and spiny lobster, the preferred alternative (Alternative 6) would regulate fishing weights on vertical line fishing gear used over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit bottom anchoring over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit the use of bottom longlines, buoy gear, and all traps/pots on coral reefs, prohibit the use of trawling gear on coral reefs, and require a week link in the tickler chain of bottom trawls within all habitats. With respect to EFH for coral, the preferred alternative (Alternative 4) would include restrictions on the lengths of trawl headrope and of trawl vessels and the use of tickler chains to one chain with a maximum link diameter of 0.25 inch. The coral EPA alternative would also include prohibitions on the use of: trotlines when using traps/pots; tickler chains on hard bottom, submerged aquatic vegetation and sand/shell, and soft sediments; traps/potsand bottom longlines and buoy gear on coral reefs; and anchors on coral. With respect to the identification of HAPCs, the preferred alternative (Alternative 9) would designate the following areas as HAPCs (Alternative 9): the Flower Garden Banks, the Florida Middle Grounds, the Tortugas North and South Ecological Reserves, and the Madison-Swanson Marine Reserve. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The FMP amendments would ensure the continued protection of EFH within HAPCs in the affected fisheries, while allowing viable commercial exploitation of fishery resources. With respect to corals, the preferred alternative would establish major modifications to fishing gear and gear closures on sensitive habitats to prevent, mitigate, or minimize adverse fishing impacts. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Gear and other restriction would limit access to the fisheries for some local and regional fishing interests, a situation which could result in economic hardships for certain fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0068D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040294, Final EIS--1,442 pages, Appendices--1,378 pages, June 18, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 8 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Conservation KW - Corals KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Preserves KW - Reefs KW - Regulations KW - Shellfish KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/905874294?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.title=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 18, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. [Part 7 of 14] T2 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. AN - 905874290; 10845-4_0007 AB - PURPOSE: The amendment of seven fishery management plans (FMPs) covering various species taken from the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic Ocean is proposed to protect essential fish habitat (EFH) within the affected areas. Fisheries addressed for the include those for shrimp, red drum, reef fish, stone crab, and coral and coral reefs, of the Gulf of Mexico as well as those for spiny lobster and South Atlantic migratory pelagic species of the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic. In 1999, a coalition of environmental groups initiated a legal action challenging the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's approval of the EFH FMP amendments prepared by the Gulf of Mexico and other fishery management councils. The court found that the EFH amendments were in accordance with the appropriate legislation, but held that the environmental assessments on the amendments were in violation of the National Environmental Policy Act. NOAA entered into a joint stipulation with the plaintiff that called for each affected Council to complete an EIS. This final supplemental EIS identifies and describes EFH resources, identifies habitat areas of particular concern (HAPCs), addresses adverse impacts of fishing on EFH, and evaluates the consequences of five HAPC alternatives and five EFH alternatives. A No Action Alternative is evaluated for EFH and HAPCs (Alternative 1 in each case). With respect to EFH for red drum, reef fish, coastal migratory pelagics, shrimp, stone crab, and spiny lobster, the preferred alternative (Alternative 6) would regulate fishing weights on vertical line fishing gear used over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit bottom anchoring over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit the use of bottom longlines, buoy gear, and all traps/pots on coral reefs, prohibit the use of trawling gear on coral reefs, and require a week link in the tickler chain of bottom trawls within all habitats. With respect to EFH for coral, the preferred alternative (Alternative 4) would include restrictions on the lengths of trawl headrope and of trawl vessels and the use of tickler chains to one chain with a maximum link diameter of 0.25 inch. The coral EPA alternative would also include prohibitions on the use of: trotlines when using traps/pots; tickler chains on hard bottom, submerged aquatic vegetation and sand/shell, and soft sediments; traps/potsand bottom longlines and buoy gear on coral reefs; and anchors on coral. With respect to the identification of HAPCs, the preferred alternative (Alternative 9) would designate the following areas as HAPCs (Alternative 9): the Flower Garden Banks, the Florida Middle Grounds, the Tortugas North and South Ecological Reserves, and the Madison-Swanson Marine Reserve. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The FMP amendments would ensure the continued protection of EFH within HAPCs in the affected fisheries, while allowing viable commercial exploitation of fishery resources. With respect to corals, the preferred alternative would establish major modifications to fishing gear and gear closures on sensitive habitats to prevent, mitigate, or minimize adverse fishing impacts. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Gear and other restriction would limit access to the fisheries for some local and regional fishing interests, a situation which could result in economic hardships for certain fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0068D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040294, Final EIS--1,442 pages, Appendices--1,378 pages, June 18, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 7 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Conservation KW - Corals KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Preserves KW - Reefs KW - Regulations KW - Shellfish KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/905874290?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.title=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 18, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. [Part 6 of 14] T2 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. AN - 905874285; 10845-4_0006 AB - PURPOSE: The amendment of seven fishery management plans (FMPs) covering various species taken from the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic Ocean is proposed to protect essential fish habitat (EFH) within the affected areas. Fisheries addressed for the include those for shrimp, red drum, reef fish, stone crab, and coral and coral reefs, of the Gulf of Mexico as well as those for spiny lobster and South Atlantic migratory pelagic species of the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic. In 1999, a coalition of environmental groups initiated a legal action challenging the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's approval of the EFH FMP amendments prepared by the Gulf of Mexico and other fishery management councils. The court found that the EFH amendments were in accordance with the appropriate legislation, but held that the environmental assessments on the amendments were in violation of the National Environmental Policy Act. NOAA entered into a joint stipulation with the plaintiff that called for each affected Council to complete an EIS. This final supplemental EIS identifies and describes EFH resources, identifies habitat areas of particular concern (HAPCs), addresses adverse impacts of fishing on EFH, and evaluates the consequences of five HAPC alternatives and five EFH alternatives. A No Action Alternative is evaluated for EFH and HAPCs (Alternative 1 in each case). With respect to EFH for red drum, reef fish, coastal migratory pelagics, shrimp, stone crab, and spiny lobster, the preferred alternative (Alternative 6) would regulate fishing weights on vertical line fishing gear used over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit bottom anchoring over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit the use of bottom longlines, buoy gear, and all traps/pots on coral reefs, prohibit the use of trawling gear on coral reefs, and require a week link in the tickler chain of bottom trawls within all habitats. With respect to EFH for coral, the preferred alternative (Alternative 4) would include restrictions on the lengths of trawl headrope and of trawl vessels and the use of tickler chains to one chain with a maximum link diameter of 0.25 inch. The coral EPA alternative would also include prohibitions on the use of: trotlines when using traps/pots; tickler chains on hard bottom, submerged aquatic vegetation and sand/shell, and soft sediments; traps/potsand bottom longlines and buoy gear on coral reefs; and anchors on coral. With respect to the identification of HAPCs, the preferred alternative (Alternative 9) would designate the following areas as HAPCs (Alternative 9): the Flower Garden Banks, the Florida Middle Grounds, the Tortugas North and South Ecological Reserves, and the Madison-Swanson Marine Reserve. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The FMP amendments would ensure the continued protection of EFH within HAPCs in the affected fisheries, while allowing viable commercial exploitation of fishery resources. With respect to corals, the preferred alternative would establish major modifications to fishing gear and gear closures on sensitive habitats to prevent, mitigate, or minimize adverse fishing impacts. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Gear and other restriction would limit access to the fisheries for some local and regional fishing interests, a situation which could result in economic hardships for certain fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0068D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040294, Final EIS--1,442 pages, Appendices--1,378 pages, June 18, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 6 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Conservation KW - Corals KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Preserves KW - Reefs KW - Regulations KW - Shellfish KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/905874285?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.title=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 18, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. [Part 5 of 14] T2 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. AN - 905874281; 10845-4_0005 AB - PURPOSE: The amendment of seven fishery management plans (FMPs) covering various species taken from the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic Ocean is proposed to protect essential fish habitat (EFH) within the affected areas. Fisheries addressed for the include those for shrimp, red drum, reef fish, stone crab, and coral and coral reefs, of the Gulf of Mexico as well as those for spiny lobster and South Atlantic migratory pelagic species of the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic. In 1999, a coalition of environmental groups initiated a legal action challenging the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's approval of the EFH FMP amendments prepared by the Gulf of Mexico and other fishery management councils. The court found that the EFH amendments were in accordance with the appropriate legislation, but held that the environmental assessments on the amendments were in violation of the National Environmental Policy Act. NOAA entered into a joint stipulation with the plaintiff that called for each affected Council to complete an EIS. This final supplemental EIS identifies and describes EFH resources, identifies habitat areas of particular concern (HAPCs), addresses adverse impacts of fishing on EFH, and evaluates the consequences of five HAPC alternatives and five EFH alternatives. A No Action Alternative is evaluated for EFH and HAPCs (Alternative 1 in each case). With respect to EFH for red drum, reef fish, coastal migratory pelagics, shrimp, stone crab, and spiny lobster, the preferred alternative (Alternative 6) would regulate fishing weights on vertical line fishing gear used over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit bottom anchoring over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit the use of bottom longlines, buoy gear, and all traps/pots on coral reefs, prohibit the use of trawling gear on coral reefs, and require a week link in the tickler chain of bottom trawls within all habitats. With respect to EFH for coral, the preferred alternative (Alternative 4) would include restrictions on the lengths of trawl headrope and of trawl vessels and the use of tickler chains to one chain with a maximum link diameter of 0.25 inch. The coral EPA alternative would also include prohibitions on the use of: trotlines when using traps/pots; tickler chains on hard bottom, submerged aquatic vegetation and sand/shell, and soft sediments; traps/potsand bottom longlines and buoy gear on coral reefs; and anchors on coral. With respect to the identification of HAPCs, the preferred alternative (Alternative 9) would designate the following areas as HAPCs (Alternative 9): the Flower Garden Banks, the Florida Middle Grounds, the Tortugas North and South Ecological Reserves, and the Madison-Swanson Marine Reserve. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The FMP amendments would ensure the continued protection of EFH within HAPCs in the affected fisheries, while allowing viable commercial exploitation of fishery resources. With respect to corals, the preferred alternative would establish major modifications to fishing gear and gear closures on sensitive habitats to prevent, mitigate, or minimize adverse fishing impacts. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Gear and other restriction would limit access to the fisheries for some local and regional fishing interests, a situation which could result in economic hardships for certain fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0068D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040294, Final EIS--1,442 pages, Appendices--1,378 pages, June 18, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 5 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Conservation KW - Corals KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Preserves KW - Reefs KW - Regulations KW - Shellfish KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/905874281?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.title=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 18, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. [Part 4 of 14] T2 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. AN - 905874111; 10845-4_0004 AB - PURPOSE: The amendment of seven fishery management plans (FMPs) covering various species taken from the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic Ocean is proposed to protect essential fish habitat (EFH) within the affected areas. Fisheries addressed for the include those for shrimp, red drum, reef fish, stone crab, and coral and coral reefs, of the Gulf of Mexico as well as those for spiny lobster and South Atlantic migratory pelagic species of the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic. In 1999, a coalition of environmental groups initiated a legal action challenging the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's approval of the EFH FMP amendments prepared by the Gulf of Mexico and other fishery management councils. The court found that the EFH amendments were in accordance with the appropriate legislation, but held that the environmental assessments on the amendments were in violation of the National Environmental Policy Act. NOAA entered into a joint stipulation with the plaintiff that called for each affected Council to complete an EIS. This final supplemental EIS identifies and describes EFH resources, identifies habitat areas of particular concern (HAPCs), addresses adverse impacts of fishing on EFH, and evaluates the consequences of five HAPC alternatives and five EFH alternatives. A No Action Alternative is evaluated for EFH and HAPCs (Alternative 1 in each case). With respect to EFH for red drum, reef fish, coastal migratory pelagics, shrimp, stone crab, and spiny lobster, the preferred alternative (Alternative 6) would regulate fishing weights on vertical line fishing gear used over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit bottom anchoring over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit the use of bottom longlines, buoy gear, and all traps/pots on coral reefs, prohibit the use of trawling gear on coral reefs, and require a week link in the tickler chain of bottom trawls within all habitats. With respect to EFH for coral, the preferred alternative (Alternative 4) would include restrictions on the lengths of trawl headrope and of trawl vessels and the use of tickler chains to one chain with a maximum link diameter of 0.25 inch. The coral EPA alternative would also include prohibitions on the use of: trotlines when using traps/pots; tickler chains on hard bottom, submerged aquatic vegetation and sand/shell, and soft sediments; traps/potsand bottom longlines and buoy gear on coral reefs; and anchors on coral. With respect to the identification of HAPCs, the preferred alternative (Alternative 9) would designate the following areas as HAPCs (Alternative 9): the Flower Garden Banks, the Florida Middle Grounds, the Tortugas North and South Ecological Reserves, and the Madison-Swanson Marine Reserve. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The FMP amendments would ensure the continued protection of EFH within HAPCs in the affected fisheries, while allowing viable commercial exploitation of fishery resources. With respect to corals, the preferred alternative would establish major modifications to fishing gear and gear closures on sensitive habitats to prevent, mitigate, or minimize adverse fishing impacts. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Gear and other restriction would limit access to the fisheries for some local and regional fishing interests, a situation which could result in economic hardships for certain fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0068D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040294, Final EIS--1,442 pages, Appendices--1,378 pages, June 18, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 4 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Conservation KW - Corals KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Preserves KW - Reefs KW - Regulations KW - Shellfish KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/905874111?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.title=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 18, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. [Part 3 of 14] T2 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. AN - 905874108; 10845-4_0003 AB - PURPOSE: The amendment of seven fishery management plans (FMPs) covering various species taken from the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic Ocean is proposed to protect essential fish habitat (EFH) within the affected areas. Fisheries addressed for the include those for shrimp, red drum, reef fish, stone crab, and coral and coral reefs, of the Gulf of Mexico as well as those for spiny lobster and South Atlantic migratory pelagic species of the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic. In 1999, a coalition of environmental groups initiated a legal action challenging the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's approval of the EFH FMP amendments prepared by the Gulf of Mexico and other fishery management councils. The court found that the EFH amendments were in accordance with the appropriate legislation, but held that the environmental assessments on the amendments were in violation of the National Environmental Policy Act. NOAA entered into a joint stipulation with the plaintiff that called for each affected Council to complete an EIS. This final supplemental EIS identifies and describes EFH resources, identifies habitat areas of particular concern (HAPCs), addresses adverse impacts of fishing on EFH, and evaluates the consequences of five HAPC alternatives and five EFH alternatives. A No Action Alternative is evaluated for EFH and HAPCs (Alternative 1 in each case). With respect to EFH for red drum, reef fish, coastal migratory pelagics, shrimp, stone crab, and spiny lobster, the preferred alternative (Alternative 6) would regulate fishing weights on vertical line fishing gear used over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit bottom anchoring over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit the use of bottom longlines, buoy gear, and all traps/pots on coral reefs, prohibit the use of trawling gear on coral reefs, and require a week link in the tickler chain of bottom trawls within all habitats. With respect to EFH for coral, the preferred alternative (Alternative 4) would include restrictions on the lengths of trawl headrope and of trawl vessels and the use of tickler chains to one chain with a maximum link diameter of 0.25 inch. The coral EPA alternative would also include prohibitions on the use of: trotlines when using traps/pots; tickler chains on hard bottom, submerged aquatic vegetation and sand/shell, and soft sediments; traps/potsand bottom longlines and buoy gear on coral reefs; and anchors on coral. With respect to the identification of HAPCs, the preferred alternative (Alternative 9) would designate the following areas as HAPCs (Alternative 9): the Flower Garden Banks, the Florida Middle Grounds, the Tortugas North and South Ecological Reserves, and the Madison-Swanson Marine Reserve. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The FMP amendments would ensure the continued protection of EFH within HAPCs in the affected fisheries, while allowing viable commercial exploitation of fishery resources. With respect to corals, the preferred alternative would establish major modifications to fishing gear and gear closures on sensitive habitats to prevent, mitigate, or minimize adverse fishing impacts. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Gear and other restriction would limit access to the fisheries for some local and regional fishing interests, a situation which could result in economic hardships for certain fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0068D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040294, Final EIS--1,442 pages, Appendices--1,378 pages, June 18, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 3 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Conservation KW - Corals KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Preserves KW - Reefs KW - Regulations KW - Shellfish KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/905874108?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.title=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 18, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. [Part 2 of 14] T2 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. AN - 905874105; 10845-4_0002 AB - PURPOSE: The amendment of seven fishery management plans (FMPs) covering various species taken from the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic Ocean is proposed to protect essential fish habitat (EFH) within the affected areas. Fisheries addressed for the include those for shrimp, red drum, reef fish, stone crab, and coral and coral reefs, of the Gulf of Mexico as well as those for spiny lobster and South Atlantic migratory pelagic species of the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic. In 1999, a coalition of environmental groups initiated a legal action challenging the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's approval of the EFH FMP amendments prepared by the Gulf of Mexico and other fishery management councils. The court found that the EFH amendments were in accordance with the appropriate legislation, but held that the environmental assessments on the amendments were in violation of the National Environmental Policy Act. NOAA entered into a joint stipulation with the plaintiff that called for each affected Council to complete an EIS. This final supplemental EIS identifies and describes EFH resources, identifies habitat areas of particular concern (HAPCs), addresses adverse impacts of fishing on EFH, and evaluates the consequences of five HAPC alternatives and five EFH alternatives. A No Action Alternative is evaluated for EFH and HAPCs (Alternative 1 in each case). With respect to EFH for red drum, reef fish, coastal migratory pelagics, shrimp, stone crab, and spiny lobster, the preferred alternative (Alternative 6) would regulate fishing weights on vertical line fishing gear used over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit bottom anchoring over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit the use of bottom longlines, buoy gear, and all traps/pots on coral reefs, prohibit the use of trawling gear on coral reefs, and require a week link in the tickler chain of bottom trawls within all habitats. With respect to EFH for coral, the preferred alternative (Alternative 4) would include restrictions on the lengths of trawl headrope and of trawl vessels and the use of tickler chains to one chain with a maximum link diameter of 0.25 inch. The coral EPA alternative would also include prohibitions on the use of: trotlines when using traps/pots; tickler chains on hard bottom, submerged aquatic vegetation and sand/shell, and soft sediments; traps/potsand bottom longlines and buoy gear on coral reefs; and anchors on coral. With respect to the identification of HAPCs, the preferred alternative (Alternative 9) would designate the following areas as HAPCs (Alternative 9): the Flower Garden Banks, the Florida Middle Grounds, the Tortugas North and South Ecological Reserves, and the Madison-Swanson Marine Reserve. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The FMP amendments would ensure the continued protection of EFH within HAPCs in the affected fisheries, while allowing viable commercial exploitation of fishery resources. With respect to corals, the preferred alternative would establish major modifications to fishing gear and gear closures on sensitive habitats to prevent, mitigate, or minimize adverse fishing impacts. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Gear and other restriction would limit access to the fisheries for some local and regional fishing interests, a situation which could result in economic hardships for certain fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0068D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040294, Final EIS--1,442 pages, Appendices--1,378 pages, June 18, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 2 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Conservation KW - Corals KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Preserves KW - Reefs KW - Regulations KW - Shellfish KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/905874105?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.title=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 18, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. [Part 1 of 14] T2 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. AN - 905874092; 10845-4_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The amendment of seven fishery management plans (FMPs) covering various species taken from the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic Ocean is proposed to protect essential fish habitat (EFH) within the affected areas. Fisheries addressed for the include those for shrimp, red drum, reef fish, stone crab, and coral and coral reefs, of the Gulf of Mexico as well as those for spiny lobster and South Atlantic migratory pelagic species of the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic. In 1999, a coalition of environmental groups initiated a legal action challenging the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's approval of the EFH FMP amendments prepared by the Gulf of Mexico and other fishery management councils. The court found that the EFH amendments were in accordance with the appropriate legislation, but held that the environmental assessments on the amendments were in violation of the National Environmental Policy Act. NOAA entered into a joint stipulation with the plaintiff that called for each affected Council to complete an EIS. This final supplemental EIS identifies and describes EFH resources, identifies habitat areas of particular concern (HAPCs), addresses adverse impacts of fishing on EFH, and evaluates the consequences of five HAPC alternatives and five EFH alternatives. A No Action Alternative is evaluated for EFH and HAPCs (Alternative 1 in each case). With respect to EFH for red drum, reef fish, coastal migratory pelagics, shrimp, stone crab, and spiny lobster, the preferred alternative (Alternative 6) would regulate fishing weights on vertical line fishing gear used over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit bottom anchoring over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit the use of bottom longlines, buoy gear, and all traps/pots on coral reefs, prohibit the use of trawling gear on coral reefs, and require a week link in the tickler chain of bottom trawls within all habitats. With respect to EFH for coral, the preferred alternative (Alternative 4) would include restrictions on the lengths of trawl headrope and of trawl vessels and the use of tickler chains to one chain with a maximum link diameter of 0.25 inch. The coral EPA alternative would also include prohibitions on the use of: trotlines when using traps/pots; tickler chains on hard bottom, submerged aquatic vegetation and sand/shell, and soft sediments; traps/potsand bottom longlines and buoy gear on coral reefs; and anchors on coral. With respect to the identification of HAPCs, the preferred alternative (Alternative 9) would designate the following areas as HAPCs (Alternative 9): the Flower Garden Banks, the Florida Middle Grounds, the Tortugas North and South Ecological Reserves, and the Madison-Swanson Marine Reserve. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The FMP amendments would ensure the continued protection of EFH within HAPCs in the affected fisheries, while allowing viable commercial exploitation of fishery resources. With respect to corals, the preferred alternative would establish major modifications to fishing gear and gear closures on sensitive habitats to prevent, mitigate, or minimize adverse fishing impacts. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Gear and other restriction would limit access to the fisheries for some local and regional fishing interests, a situation which could result in economic hardships for certain fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0068D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040294, Final EIS--1,442 pages, Appendices--1,378 pages, June 18, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 1 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Conservation KW - Corals KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Preserves KW - Reefs KW - Regulations KW - Shellfish KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/905874092?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.title=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 18, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - GENERIC ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT AMENDMENT TO THE FOLLOWING FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLANS: SHRIMP, RED DRUM, REEF FISH, STONE CRAB, AND CORAL AND CORAL REEF, OF THE GULF OF MEXICO; AND SPINY LOBSTER AND COASTAL MIGRATORY PELAGIC RESOURCES OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND SOUTH ATLANTIC. AN - 36417495; 10845 AB - PURPOSE: The amendment of seven fishery management plans (FMPs) covering various species taken from the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic Ocean is proposed to protect essential fish habitat (EFH) within the affected areas. Fisheries addressed for the include those for shrimp, red drum, reef fish, stone crab, and coral and coral reefs, of the Gulf of Mexico as well as those for spiny lobster and South Atlantic migratory pelagic species of the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic. In 1999, a coalition of environmental groups initiated a legal action challenging the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's approval of the EFH FMP amendments prepared by the Gulf of Mexico and other fishery management councils. The court found that the EFH amendments were in accordance with the appropriate legislation, but held that the environmental assessments on the amendments were in violation of the National Environmental Policy Act. NOAA entered into a joint stipulation with the plaintiff that called for each affected Council to complete an EIS. This final supplemental EIS identifies and describes EFH resources, identifies habitat areas of particular concern (HAPCs), addresses adverse impacts of fishing on EFH, and evaluates the consequences of five HAPC alternatives and five EFH alternatives. A No Action Alternative is evaluated for EFH and HAPCs (Alternative 1 in each case). With respect to EFH for red drum, reef fish, coastal migratory pelagics, shrimp, stone crab, and spiny lobster, the preferred alternative (Alternative 6) would regulate fishing weights on vertical line fishing gear used over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit bottom anchoring over coral reefs in HAPCs, prohibit the use of bottom longlines, buoy gear, and all traps/pots on coral reefs, prohibit the use of trawling gear on coral reefs, and require a week link in the tickler chain of bottom trawls within all habitats. With respect to EFH for coral, the preferred alternative (Alternative 4) would include restrictions on the lengths of trawl headrope and of trawl vessels and the use of tickler chains to one chain with a maximum link diameter of 0.25 inch. The coral EPA alternative would also include prohibitions on the use of: trotlines when using traps/pots; tickler chains on hard bottom, submerged aquatic vegetation and sand/shell, and soft sediments; traps/potsand bottom longlines and buoy gear on coral reefs; and anchors on coral. With respect to the identification of HAPCs, the preferred alternative (Alternative 9) would designate the following areas as HAPCs (Alternative 9): the Flower Garden Banks, the Florida Middle Grounds, the Tortugas North and South Ecological Reserves, and the Madison-Swanson Marine Reserve. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The FMP amendments would ensure the continued protection of EFH within HAPCs in the affected fisheries, while allowing viable commercial exploitation of fishery resources. With respect to corals, the preferred alternative would establish major modifications to fishing gear and gear closures on sensitive habitats to prevent, mitigate, or minimize adverse fishing impacts. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Gear and other restriction would limit access to the fisheries for some local and regional fishing interests, a situation which could result in economic hardships for certain fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0068D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040294, Final EIS--1,442 pages, Appendices--1,378 pages, June 18, 2004 PY - 2004 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Conservation KW - Corals KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Preserves KW - Reefs KW - Regulations KW - Shellfish KW - Alabama KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36417495?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.title=GENERIC+ESSENTIAL+FISH+HABITAT+AMENDMENT+TO+THE+FOLLOWING+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLANS%3A+SHRIMP%2C+RED+DRUM%2C+REEF+FISH%2C+STONE+CRAB%2C+AND+CORAL+AND+CORAL+REEF%2C+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO%3B+AND+SPINY+LOBSTER+AND+COASTAL+MIGRATORY+PELAGIC+RESOURCES+OF+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+AND+SOUTH+ATLANTIC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 18, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SEAGRASS RESTORATION IN THE FLORIDA KEYS NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY. AN - 16359133; 10839 AB - PURPOSE: The implementation of an ecosystem restoration plan to preserve and restore seagrass communities in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary is proposed. Healthy seagrass communities serve an important ecological and socioeconomic function in the Florida Keys. Seagrass beds the nurseries for numerous species of fish and invertebrates. In turn, the viability of the recreational and commercial fishing sectors and the associated service industries are to some degree directly or indirectly dependent on healthy seagrass communities. Seeagrass communities are also effective storm surve buffers, natural filters of sediment, and biological filters of impurities in seawater. The cumulative impact of vessel groundings, propeller damage, and berm formation has led to a pervasive scarring of seagrass beds. Common alternatives for seagrass restoration considered in this draft EIS include seagrass transplants fertilizer spikes, sediment fill, sediment tubes, berm redistribution, sod replacement, water markers and other aids to navigation to prevent scarring by boats, exclusion cages to prevent herbivore depredation of seagrasses, and bird stakes; the latter attract seabirds, which deposit their fecal fertilizer and, thereby, nurture the growth of seagrasses. A No Action Alternative is also considered. Under the proposed action, a combination of one or more of these options would be implemented according to the situation in the area undergoing restoration treatments. Berm redistribution and sod replacement would occur at the time of injury assessment. Typically, seagrass transplants would be accompanied with bird sstakes if water depth is less than 1.5 meters or fertilizer spikes if water depth is greater than 1.5 meters. Exclusion cages would be placed over seagrass transplants in areas close to coral reefs. If thesite-specific conditions warrant sediment fill for flowholes or sediment tubes for whide propeller scars or blowholes, seagrass transplants and bird stakes would be inserted after sediment placement activities. Finally, if it is determined that the grounding site was likely to recover rapidly or primary restoration was not appropriate for other reasons, the decision to take no action may be taken for part or all of the injury site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Restoration and protection of the seagrass beds would provide for benefits to the recreational and commercial fishing sectors, water quality along the Florida Keys, and marine mammals, including endangered species, dependent on seagrasses for ecosystem preservation and enhancement. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: The pertinent analysis indicates that the environmental and socioeconomic conditions at the restoration sites would not be significantly affected in a negative way by proceeding with any of the restoration options. LEGAL MANDATES: Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (43 U.S.C. 1241), Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Protection Act of 1990 and National Marine Sanctuaries Act (16 U.S.C. 1431 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 040287, 160 pages, June 17, 2004 PY - 2004 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Beaches KW - Birds KW - Coastal Zones KW - Corals KW - Conservation KW - Fish KW - Fisheries KW - Marine Mammals KW - Marine Systems KW - Preserves KW - Reefs KW - Sediment KW - Shores KW - Vegetation KW - Florida KW - Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary KW - Coastal Zone Management Act Amendment of 1976, Compliance KW - Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Protection Act of 1990, Compliance KW - National Marine Sanctuaries Act, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16359133?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SEAGRASS+RESTORATION+IN+THE+FLORIDA+KEYS+NATIONAL+MARINE+SANCTUARY.&rft.title=SEAGRASS+RESTORATION+IN+THE+FLORIDA+KEYS+NATIONAL+MARINE+SANCTUARY.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; NOAA N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: June 17, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationship between uptake capacity and differential toxicity of the herbicide atrazine in selected microalgal species AN - 19800657; 5958581 AB - Microalgal species vary in their sensitivity to the triazine herbicide, atrazine. This study examined both atrazine uptake and cellular characteristics of microalgae to determine if either can be used to predict algal sensitivity. Standard toxicity tests were performed on five microalgal species, each representing a different algal division or habitat. Test species listed in order of increasing sensitivity were: Isochrysis galbana, Dunaliella tertiolecta, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, and Synechococcus sp. Each species was exposed to super(14)C-atrazine at its growth rate EC50 concentration (44-91 mu g /L). At five time-points over 96h, samples were filtered to collect algae and washed with unlabeled atrazine to displace labeled atrazine loosely absorbed to the cell surface. Radioactivity present on filters and in the growth medium was measured by liquid scintillation counting. Relationships between algal species-sensitivity to atrazine and compound uptake, cell dry weight, cell volume, and cell surface area were determined by linear regression analysis. Cell size measurements (based on dry weight, biovolume, and surface area) were significantly correlated with atrazine uptake (R super(2)>0.45, P-value 0.05). There was a significant correlation between atrazine uptake and species-sensitivity to atrazine (R super(2)=0.5413, P-value = 0.0012). These results indicate that smaller cells with greater surface area to volume ratios will incorporate more atrazine, and in general, will be more sensitive to atrazine exposure. However, I. galbana, with small cell size and relatively high atrazine uptake was the least sensitive species tested. This species and others may have mechanisms to compensate for atrazine stress that make predicting responses of microalgal communities difficult. JF - Aquatic Toxicology AU - Weiner, JA AU - Delorenzo, ME AU - Fulton, M H AD - Medical University of South Carolina, Marine Biomedicine and Environmental Sciences, 221 Fort Johnson Rd., Charleston, SC 29412, USA, marie.delorenzo@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/06/10/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Jun 10 SP - 121 EP - 128 PB - Elsevier B.V. VL - 68 IS - 2 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - sensitivity KW - uptake KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Cell surface KW - Algae (Golden-brown) (Haptophyceae) KW - Toxicity tests KW - Isochrysis galbana KW - triazine KW - Phaeodactylum tricornutum KW - Dunaliella tertiolecta KW - Cell size KW - Absorption KW - Regression analysis KW - Radioactivity KW - Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata KW - Algae KW - Growth rate KW - Sensitivity KW - Surface area KW - Synechococcus KW - Stress KW - Herbicides KW - Enumeration KW - Toxicity KW - Habitat KW - Filters KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Lethal limits KW - Scintillation KW - Atrazine KW - Uptake KW - Toxicity testing KW - Indicator species KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - X 24133:Metabolism KW - K 03320:Cell Biology KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19800657?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Relationship+between+uptake+capacity+and+differential+toxicity+of+the+herbicide+atrazine+in+selected+microalgal+species&rft.au=Weiner%2C+JA%3BDelorenzo%2C+ME%3BFulton%2C+M+H&rft.aulast=Weiner&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=2004-06-10&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.aquatox.2004.03.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lethal limits; Uptake; Herbicides; Toxicity; Toxicity tests; Indicator species; Algae; Growth rate; Sensitivity; Cell surface; Surface area; Stress; Enumeration; Habitat; triazine; Filters; Scintillation; Atrazine; Cell size; Regression analysis; Radioactivity; Toxicity testing; Bioaccumulation; Algae (Golden-brown) (Haptophyceae); Absorption; Phaeodactylum tricornutum; Dunaliella tertiolecta; Synechococcus; Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata; Isochrysis galbana DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2004.03.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The soft-bottom macrobenthos of North Carolina estuaries AN - 968180295; 16467034 AB - The structure of macro infaunal (>0.5 mm sieve size) assemblages was examined in samples of unconsolidated substrates collected during the summers of 1994-1997 at 208 stations throughout North Carolina estuaries. Numerical classification (cluster analysis) of stations resulted in 14 distinct site groups that reflected discernible habitatrelated patterns in species distributions. Multiple discriminant analysis, performed on synoptic abiotic variables (depth, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, percent silt-clay), showed that the separation of site groups was related primarily to salinity. Percent silt-clay had a secondary influence on the separation of sites within similar salinity zones. Species diversity among site groups generally decreased with decreasing salinity and increasing mud content of sediment. Nodal analysis showed a wide range in constancy and fidelity of species assemblages within site groups. Some assemblages dominated by euryhaline species had no particular affinity with any one site group. The strongest affinities, as evidenced by high values of both constancy and fidelity, were displayed by an assemblage of oligochaetes, insect larvae, gammaridean amphipods, and the clamCorbicula fluminea in tidal freshwater muds; and an assemblage of haustoriid amphipods, the bivalveDonax variabilis, the polychaeteParaonis fulgens, and unidentified echinoids at high-salinity sites in outer Pamlico Sound near ocean inlets. A series of stations with impaired benthic assemblages in polluted habitats emerged from the cluster analysis and was distinguishable from other site groups that reflected a greater influence of natural controlling factors (such as salinity and sediment type) on species distributions. These results suggest that the interaction of both anthropogenic and natural environmental controlling factors is important in defining the structure of these infaunal assemblages. JF - Estuaries AU - Hyland, Jeffrey L AU - Balthis, WLeonard AU - Posey, Martin AU - Hackney, Courtney T AU - Alphin, Troy AD - National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 219 Ft. Johnson Road, 29412-9110, Charleston, South Carolina, jeff.hyland@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 501 EP - 514 PB - Estuarine Research Federation, 490 Chippingwood Dr. Port Republic MD 20676-2140 United States VL - 27 IS - 3 SN - 0160-8347, 0160-8347 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Ecological distribution KW - Environmental factors KW - Dissolved oxygen KW - Oligochaeta KW - Salinity KW - Meiobenthos KW - Classification KW - Sounds KW - Coastal inlets KW - Marine KW - Sediment pollution KW - ANW, USA, North Carolina, Pamlico Sound KW - Amphipods KW - Estuaries KW - Larvae KW - Mud KW - Habitat KW - Echinoida KW - Insects KW - Sieves KW - Oceans KW - Zoobenthos KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q1 08462:Benthos KW - SW 1030:Use of water of impaired quality KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/968180295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries&rft.atitle=The+soft-bottom+macrobenthos+of+North+Carolina+estuaries&rft.au=Hyland%2C+Jeffrey+L%3BBalthis%2C+WLeonard%3BPosey%2C+Martin%3BHackney%2C+Courtney+T%3BAlphin%2C+Troy&rft.aulast=Hyland&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=501&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries&rft.issn=01608347&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2FBF02803541 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment pollution; Meiobenthos; Classification; Ecological distribution; Coastal inlets; Zoobenthos; Environmental factors; Dissolved oxygen; Salinity; Oceans; Estuaries; Mud; Habitat; Insects; Sieves; Amphipods; Larvae; Sounds; Echinoida; Oligochaeta; ANW, USA, North Carolina, Pamlico Sound; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02803541 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seasonal and interannual patterns of distribution and diet of bluefish within a Middle Atlantic bight estuary in relation to abiotic and biotic factors AN - 968176780; 16467028 AB - Seasonal and interannual patterns in the spatial distribution of bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) within a Middle Atlantic Bight estuary were examined using multipanel gillnets fished biweekly at 14 fixeds stations in the Sandy Hook Bay-N avesink River estuary during May-November of 1998 and 1999. To characterize habitats along the estuarine gradient, we measured several abiotic and biotic variables concurrently with gillnet sampling. Juvenile (age-0 and age-1+) bluefish were captured regularly during both years along with large numbers of Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus), which were confirmed by diet analyses to be bluefish's primary forage species. The date of initial appearance of age-0 bluefish and menhaden in the estuary varied between years and may have been related to interannual differences in seawater temperatures on the continental shelf during spring. Delayed estuarine arrival of prey fishes may have contributed to variability in bluefish diets between years. Within the estuary, bluefish spatial distribution were consistent across seasons and years: bluefish were most common in areas associated with high concentrations of suspended materials and the presence of menhaden. Community analyses also indicated habitat overlap between bluefish and menhaden. Spatial distribution patterns revealed the consistent occurrence of piscivorous bluefish in shallow estuarine habitats that retained suspended materials and aggregated prey fishes. Foraging success of bluefish and other estuarine piscivores may be closely linked with the availability of these productive habitat, highlighting the need for future study of biological interactions and the governing physical processes. JF - Estuaries AU - Scharf, Frederick S AU - Manderson, John P AU - Fabrizio, Mary C AU - Pessutti, Jeffrey P AU - Rosendale, John E AU - Chant, Robert J AU - Bejda, Allen J AD - Behavioral Ecology Branch, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine and Fisheries Service, Northeast Fisheries Science Center, James J. Howard Marine Sciences Laboratory, 74 Magruder Road, 07732, Highlands, New Jersey, scharff@uncw.edu Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - Jun 2004 SP - 426 EP - 436 PB - Estuarine Research Federation, 490 Chippingwood Dr. Port Republic MD 20676-2140 United States VL - 27 IS - 3 SN - 0160-8347, 0160-8347 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Food organisms KW - Spatial distribution KW - Ecological distribution KW - Spatial Distribution KW - Forages KW - Distribution Patterns KW - Habitats KW - Marine environment KW - Brackishwater environment KW - Sampling KW - Fixed stations KW - Biotic factors KW - Gillnets KW - Prey KW - Temperature effects KW - Rivers KW - Diets KW - Brevoortia tyrannus KW - Bights KW - Estuaries KW - Brackish KW - Habitat KW - A, Atlantic KW - Foraging behaviour KW - Pomatomus saltatrix KW - ANW, USA, Mid-Atlantic Bight KW - Fish KW - Menhaden KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/968176780?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Delaney%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Delaney&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=791&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Community+capacity+building+in+the+designation+of+the+Tortugas+Ecological+Reserve&rft.title=Community+capacity+building+in+the+designation+of+the+Tortugas+Ecological+Reserve&rft.issn=00729019&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Foraging behaviour; Food organisms; Ecological distribution; Estuaries; Brackishwater environment; Biotic factors; Fixed stations; Gillnets; Rivers; Temperature effects; Spatial distribution; Marine environment; Sampling; Habitat; Prey; Distribution Patterns; Habitats; Bights; Fish; Spatial Distribution; Forages; Menhaden; Brevoortia tyrannus; Pomatomus saltatrix; ANW, USA, Mid-Atlantic Bight; A, Atlantic; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02803535 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reducing hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico: Advice from three models AN - 968176750; 16467027 AB - Summer hypoxia in the bottom waters of the northern Gulf of Mexico has received considerable scientific and policy attention because of potential ecological and economic impacts from this very large zone of low oxygen and because of the implications for management within the massive Mississippi River watershed. An assessment of its causes and consequences concluded that the almost 3-fold increase in nitrogen load to the Gulf is the primary external driver stimulating the increase in hypoxia since the middle of the last century. Results from three very different models are compared to reach the consensus that large-sclae hypoxia likely did not start in the Gulf of Mexico until the mid-1970s and that the 30% nitrogen load reduction called for in an Action Plant to reduce hypoxia, agreed to by a federal, state, and tribal task force, may not be sufficient to reach the plan's goal. Caution is also raised for setting resource management goals without considering the long-term consequences of climate variability and change. JF - Estuaries AU - Scavia, Donald AU - Justic, Dubravko AU - Bierman, Victor J AD - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 1305 East West Highway, 20910, Silver Spring, Maryland, don.scavia@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 419 EP - 425 PB - Estuarine Research Federation, 490 Chippingwood Dr. Port Republic MD 20676-2140 United States VL - 27 IS - 3 SN - 0160-8347, 0160-8347 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Variability KW - Bottom water KW - Resource management KW - Climate change KW - Bottom Water KW - Summer KW - Freshwater KW - Watersheds KW - Gulfs KW - Assessments KW - Economics KW - River basin management KW - Modelling KW - Policies KW - Estuaries KW - Pollution Load KW - Economic Impact KW - Model Studies KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - Oxygen KW - North America, Mississippi R. KW - Hypoxia KW - Nitrogen KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/968176750?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries&rft.atitle=Reducing+hypoxia+in+the+Gulf+of+Mexico%3A+Advice+from+three+models&rft.au=Scavia%2C+Donald%3BJustic%2C+Dubravko%3BBierman%2C+Victor+J&rft.aulast=Scavia&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=419&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries&rft.issn=01608347&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2FBF02803534 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Resource management; Bottom water; Policies; Hypoxia; Climate change; Watersheds; River basin management; Modelling; Oxygen; Estuaries; Economics; Summer; Nitrogen; Variability; Assessments; Bottom Water; Pollution Load; Economic Impact; Gulfs; Model Studies; ASW, Mexico Gulf; North America, Mississippi R.; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02803534 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tree-ring evidence for late Holocene drought on the western Great Plains periphery AN - 861986699; 2011-035549 JF - Program and Abstracts - American Quaternary Association. Conference AU - Woodhouse, Connie AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 98 EP - 99 PB - American Quaternary Association, Seattle, WA VL - 18 SN - 0741-059X, 0741-059X KW - United States KW - North America KW - Quaternary KW - vegetation KW - paleoclimatology KW - Holocene KW - climate change KW - drought KW - Cenozoic KW - El Nino Southern Oscillation KW - tree rings KW - Great Plains KW - reconstruction KW - upper Holocene KW - Colorado KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/861986699?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+American+Quaternary+Association.+Conference&rft.atitle=Tree-ring+evidence+for+late+Holocene+drought+on+the+western+Great+Plains+periphery&rft.au=Woodhouse%2C+Connie%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Woodhouse&rft.aufirst=Connie&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=&rft.spage=98&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+American+Quaternary+Association.+Conference&rft.issn=0741059X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AMQUA 2004; American Quaternary Association 18th biennial meeting; Quaternary grassland-forest dynamics N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMQUAM N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; climate change; Colorado; drought; El Nino Southern Oscillation; Great Plains; Holocene; North America; paleoclimatology; Quaternary; reconstruction; tree rings; United States; upper Holocene; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Restoration of oiled mussel beds in Prince William Sound, Alaska. AN - 80162294; 14967519 AB - Natural loss of hydrocarbons was often low from mussel (Mytilus trossulus) beds (which were typically not cleaned after the Exxon Valdez oil spill), thus this habitat remained a long-term source of oil. Consequently, experimental restoration of nine contaminated beds was attempted in 1994; mussels were removed, contaminated surface sediment was replaced (33 metric tons), and original mussels were returned. Hydrocarbon concentrations and mussel populations were monitored for 5 years thereafter. Post-restoration mussel population fluctuations were indistinguishable from regional changes. Increased short-term oil loss was apparent, but long-term (5 year) improvement was equivocal and difficult to distinguish from natural losses. By 1999, oil concentrations in mussels were typically at baseline levels in restored and oiled reference beds; concentrations in replaced sediment were elevated in one third of restored beds, indicating recontamination from underlying or surrounding sediment. Our results suggest mussel relocation is feasible but suggest oil might more effectively be removed from sediment mechanically or chemically than manually. JF - Marine environmental research AU - Carls, Mark G AU - Harris, Patricia M AU - Rice, S D AD - US National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Auke Bay Laboratory, 11305 Glacier Hwy, Juneau, AK 99801, USA. mark.carls@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 359 EP - 376 VL - 57 IS - 5 SN - 0141-1136, 0141-1136 KW - Fuel Oils KW - 0 KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Index Medicus KW - Ships KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Geologic Sediments -- chemistry KW - Animals KW - Accidents KW - Population Dynamics KW - Alaska KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Bivalvia KW - Hydrocarbons -- pharmacokinetics KW - Fuel Oils -- poisoning KW - Hydrocarbons -- metabolism KW - Hydrocarbons -- poisoning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/80162294?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+environmental+research&rft.atitle=Restoration+of+oiled+mussel+beds+in+Prince+William+Sound%2C+Alaska.&rft.au=Carls%2C+Mark+G%3BHarris%2C+Patricia+M%3BRice%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Carls&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=359&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+environmental+research&rft.issn=01411136&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-05-27 N1 - Date created - 2004-02-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in aqueous environments with passive low-density polyethylene membrane devices. AN - 66888255; 15376527 AB - Low-density polyethylene membranes, typically filled with triolein, have been previously deployed as passive environmental samplers designed to accumulate nonpolar hydrophobic chemicals from water, sediments, and air. Hydrocarbons in such samplers, known as semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs), diffuse through pores in the membranes and are trapped in the central hydrocarbon matrix, mimicking uptake by living organisms. Here, we describe laboratory and field verification that low-density polyethylene membrane devices (PEMDs) without triolein provide reliable, relatively inexpensive, time-integrated hydrocarbon sampling from water. For comparison, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) uptake in SPMDs and pink salmon eggs also was studied. Total concentrations of PAH accumulated by PEMDs were highly correlated with concentrations in water (r2 > or = 0.99) and linear over the range tested (0-17 microg/L). Higher-molecular-mass PAH preferentially accumulated in PEMDs and in pink salmon eggs, but the source of oil in PEMDs remained identifiable. Accumulations of PAH were highly similar to those in SPMDs. The PEMDs retained approximately 78% of accumulated total PAH for 40 d in clean water. Thus, a simple plastic membrane can be conveniently used for environmental monitoring, particularly during situations in which contaminant concentrations are low (in the parts-per-billion range), variable, and intermittent. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Carls, Mark G AU - Holland, Larry G AU - Short, Jeffrey W AU - Heintz, Ron A AU - Rice, Stanley D AD - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Auke Bay Laboratory, 11305 Glacier Highway, Juneau, Alaska 99801, USA. mark.carls@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 1416 EP - 1424 VL - 23 IS - 6 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Membranes, Artificial KW - 0 KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Polyethylene KW - 9002-88-4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Permeability KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/66888255?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Monitoring+polynuclear+aromatic+hydrocarbons+in+aqueous+environments+with+passive+low-density+polyethylene+membrane+devices.&rft.au=Carls%2C+Mark+G%3BHolland%2C+Larry+G%3BShort%2C+Jeffrey+W%3BHeintz%2C+Ron+A%3BRice%2C+Stanley+D&rft.aulast=Carls&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1416&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-10-05 N1 - Date created - 2004-09-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Educational Attainment in the United States: 2003. Population Characteristics. Current Population Reports. P20-550 AN - 62117347; ED484518 AB - This report provides information on basic educational trends and attainment levels across many segments of the population. The findings are based on data collected in the 2003 Annual Social and Economic Supplement (ASEC) to the Current Population Survey (CPS) and refer to the population 25 years and over unless otherwise specified. The population in the United States is becoming more educated, but significant differences in educational attainment remain with regard to age, sex, race, and origin. Nevertheless, the educational attainment of young adults (25 to 29 years), which provides a glimpse of our country's future, indicates dramatic improvement by groups who have historically been less educated. This report provides information on basic educational trends and attainment levels across many segments of the population. The findings are based on data collected in the 2003 Annual Social and Economic Supplement (ASEC) to the Current Population Survey (CPS) and refer to the population 25 years and over unless otherwise specified. AU - Stoops, Nicole Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 12 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Higher Education KW - Social Indicators KW - Socioeconomic Status KW - Surveys KW - Educational Trends KW - Educational Attainment KW - Trend Analysis KW - Income UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62117347?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aeric&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Educational+Attainment+in+the+United+States%3A+2003.+Population+Characteristics.+Current+Population+Reports.+P20-550&rft.au=Stoops%2C+Nicole&rft.aulast=Stoops&rft.aufirst=Nicole&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Beyond Black and White: Metropolitan Residential Segregation in Multi-Ethnic America AN - 60479405; 200419384 AB - Whether greater racial & ethnic diversity in the United States is being accompanied by greater integration remains unclear. This analysis examines segregation in the multi-ethnic context over the 1980-2000 period by using the multi-race information theory index (H), which simultaneously takes the presence of many groups into account, & by also looking at the segregation of each group separately. Results indicate that segregation has been decreasing, mainly due to declines in African American segregation & White segregation with little change or slight increases in Asian & Hispanic segregation. Growing diversity was associated with increases in overall segregation, White segregation, Hispanic segregation, & Asian segregation, though strongly associated with declines in Black segregation. For Hispanics & Asians, it was the growth in Hispanic & Asian & Pacific Islander populations, respectively, that were associated with increases in segregation, suggesting that this population growth likely buttressed ethnic enclaves. 8 Tables, 37 References. [Copyright 2003 Elsevier Inc.] JF - Social Science Research AU - Iceland, John AD - Housing & Household Economic Statistics Division, US Census Bureau, Washington, DC jiceland@census.gov Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 248 EP - 271 VL - 33 IS - 2 SN - 0049-089X, 0049-089X KW - Cultural Pluralism KW - Ethnic Neighborhoods KW - Immigration KW - Racial Segregation KW - Residential Segregation KW - United States of America KW - Metropolitan Areas KW - article KW - 1218: urban sociology; urban sociology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60479405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Social+Science+Research&rft.atitle=Beyond+Black+and+White%3A+Metropolitan+Residential+Segregation+in+Multi-Ethnic+America&rft.au=Iceland%2C+John&rft.aulast=Iceland&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=248&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Social+Science+Research&rft.issn=0049089X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0049-089X%2803%2900056-5 LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - SSREBG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States of America; Cultural Pluralism; Residential Segregation; Racial Segregation; Metropolitan Areas; Immigration; Ethnic Neighborhoods DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0049-089X(03)00056-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mantle (super 3) He distribution and deep circulation in the Indian Ocean AN - 51739230; 2005-023049 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Srinivasan, Ashwanth AU - Top, Zafer AU - Schlosser, Peter AU - Hohmann, Roland AU - Iskandarani, Mohamed AU - Olson, Donald B AU - Lupton, John E AU - Jenkins, William J Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 17 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 109 IS - C6 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - Southwest Pacific KW - isotopes KW - He-3 KW - deep-sea environment KW - stable isotopes KW - World Ocean Circulation Experiment KW - West Pacific KW - Banda Sea KW - Indian Ocean KW - noble gases KW - tracers KW - helium KW - Banda Sea Intermediate Water KW - currents KW - ocean circulation KW - bottom currents KW - South Pacific KW - Gulf of Aden KW - ocean currents KW - Arabian Sea KW - Indonesian Seas KW - marine environment KW - Pacific Ocean KW - bathymetry KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51739230?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Mantle+%28super+3%29+He+distribution+and+deep+circulation+in+the+Indian+Ocean&rft.au=Srinivasan%2C+Ashwanth%3BTop%2C+Zafer%3BSchlosser%2C+Peter%3BHohmann%2C+Roland%3BIskandarani%2C+Mohamed%3BOlson%2C+Donald+B%3BLupton%2C+John+E%3BJenkins%2C+William+J&rft.aulast=Srinivasan&rft.aufirst=Ashwanth&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=C6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003JC002028 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map, 1 table, sect. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arabian Sea; Banda Sea; Banda Sea Intermediate Water; bathymetry; bottom currents; currents; deep-sea environment; Gulf of Aden; He-3; helium; Indian Ocean; Indonesian Seas; isotopes; marine environment; noble gases; ocean circulation; ocean currents; Pacific Ocean; South Pacific; Southwest Pacific; stable isotopes; tracers; West Pacific; World Ocean Circulation Experiment DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JC002028 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrology Laboratory Research Modeling System (HL-RMS) of the U. S. National Weather Service AN - 51591467; 2006-038900 AB - This study investigates an approach that combines physically-based and conceptual model features in two stages of distributed modeling: model structure development and estimation of spatially variable parameters. The approach adds more practicality to the process of model parameterization, and facilitates an easier transition from current lumped model-based operational systems to more powerful distributed systems. This combination of physically-based and conceptual model features is implemented within the Hydrology Laboratory Research Modeling System (HL-RMS). HL-RMS consists of a well-tested conceptual water balance model applied on a regular spatial grid linked to physically-based kinematic hillslope and channel routing models. Parameter estimation procedures that combine spatially distributed and "integrated" basin-outlet properties have been developed for the water balance and routing components. High-resolution radar-based precipitation data over a large region are used in testing HL-RMS. Initial tests show that HL-RMS yields results comparable to well-calibrated lumped model simulations in several headwater basins, and it outperforms a lumped model in basins where spatial rainfall variability effects are significant. It is important to note that simulations for two nested basins (not calibrated directly, but parameters from the calibration of the parent basin were applied instead) outperformed lumped simulations even more consistently, which means that HL-RMS has the potential to improve the accuracy and resolution of river runoff forecasts. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Koren, Victor AU - Reed, Seann AU - Smith, Michael AU - Zhang, Ziya AU - Seo, Dong-Jun A2 - Montanari, Alberto A2 - Uhlenbrook, Stefan Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 297 EP - 318 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 291 IS - 3-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - calibration KW - digital terrain models KW - simulation KW - relief KW - radioactivity methods KW - HL-RMS KW - U. S. National Weather Service KW - topography KW - geographic information systems KW - hydrographs KW - drainage basins KW - Blue River KW - hydrology KW - Hydrology Laboratory Research Modeling System KW - rainfall KW - surface water KW - geophysical methods KW - prediction KW - Texas KW - water balance KW - models KW - kinematics KW - Oklahoma KW - runoff KW - mathematical methods KW - theoretical models KW - information systems KW - Red River KW - Arkansas KW - remote sensing KW - Arkansas River KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51591467?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Hydrology+Laboratory+Research+Modeling+System+%28HL-RMS%29+of+the+U.+S.+National+Weather+Service&rft.au=Koren%2C+Victor%3BReed%2C+Seann%3BSmith%2C+Michael%3BZhang%2C+Ziya%3BSeo%2C+Dong-Jun&rft.aulast=Koren&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=291&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2003.12.039 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - XXVII general assembly of the European Geophysical Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arkansas; Arkansas River; Blue River; calibration; digital terrain models; drainage basins; geographic information systems; geophysical methods; HL-RMS; hydrographs; hydrology; Hydrology Laboratory Research Modeling System; information systems; kinematics; mathematical methods; models; Oklahoma; prediction; radioactivity methods; rainfall; Red River; relief; remote sensing; runoff; simulation; surface water; Texas; theoretical models; topography; U. S. National Weather Service; United States; water balance DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2003.12.039 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Tsunami hazard map of the Bellingham area, Washington; modeled tsunami inundation from a Cascadia subduction zone earthquake AN - 50059674; 2008-121400 JF - Open-File Report - Washington (State). Division of Geology and Earth Resources AU - Walsh, Timothy J AU - Titov, Vasily V AU - Venturato, Angie J AU - Mofjeld, Harold O AU - Gonzalez, Frank I Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 EP - 1 sheet PB - State of Washington, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geology and Earth Resources, Olympia, WA KW - United States KW - tsunamis KW - Washington KW - geologic hazards KW - Bellingham Washington KW - geologic hazards maps KW - Whatcom County Washington KW - models KW - seismicity KW - maps KW - Cascadia subduction zone KW - earthquakes KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50059674?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+Washington+%28State%29.+Division+of+Geology+and+Earth+Resources&rft.atitle=Tsunami+hazard+map+of+the+Bellingham+area%2C+Washington%3B+modeled+tsunami+inundation+from+a+Cascadia+subduction+zone+earthquake&rft.au=Walsh%2C+Timothy+J%3BTitov%2C+Vasily+V%3BVenturato%2C+Angie+J%3BMofjeld%2C+Harold+O%3BGonzalez%2C+Frank+I&rft.aulast=Walsh&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+Washington+%28State%29.+Division+of+Geology+and+Earth+Resources&rft.issn=07317492&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.dnr.wa.gov/Publications/ger_ofr2004-15_tsunami_hazard_bellingham.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Evaluation of April 1,2000 School District Population Estimates (Based on the Synthetic Ratio Method) AN - 19955183; 6783443 AB - The Department of Education uses school district population estimates in combination with estimates of the numbers of children in poverty to distribute billions of dollars in federal funds to school districts. This report evaluates the synthetic ratio method used to produce postcensal school district estimates of the total population and the school-age population (5 to 17 years). The synthetic ratio method assumes that the ratio of the school district population to the county population, as measured in the most recent decennial census, rernains constant throughout the estimate period. To evaluate the method, school district population estimates for April 1,2000 are produced from the 1990 census population of school districts and counties and the April 1, 2000 county population estimates. The accuracy of the April 1, 2000 estimates is measured by comparison with Census 2000 enumeration data. The Mean Algebraic Percent Error (MALPE), the Mean Absolute Percent Error (MAPE), and the Weighted Mean Absolute Percent Error are calculated for the school district population estimates. The average errors are calculated for regions, states, school district types, school district population size in 1990 and 2000, and the percent population change from 1990 to 2000. The results identify the characteristics of school districts for which the synthetic ratio method performs relatively well and for which the method appears to generate biased estimates. JF - U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division Working Papers AU - Oosse, M Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - Jun 2004 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Human Population KW - Population size KW - USA KW - Education KW - Funds KW - Schools KW - Data processing KW - Census KW - Enumeration KW - Errors KW - Population dynamics KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M1 130:Population Research and Methodology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19955183?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Sustainability+Science+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Oosse%2C+M&rft.aulast=Oosse&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Evaluation+of+April+1%2C2000+School+District+Population+Estimates+%28Based+on+the+Synthetic+Ratio+Method%29&rft.title=Evaluation+of+April+1%2C2000+School+District+Population+Estimates+%28Based+on+the+Synthetic+Ratio+Method%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seeking Consensus on Designing Marine Protected Areas: Keeping the Fishing Community Engaged AN - 19923607; 5908872 AB - A community group was formed to consider establishing marine reserves within the Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary in southern California. Membership included representatives from resource agencies, environmental organizations, commercial and recreational fishing interests, and the general public. While the group agreed on several areas for fishing closures, members could not reach consensus on a specific network design. Several factors interfered with the group's effort in attaining agreement resulting in the endeavor subsequently being replaced by a "top-down" approach that lacks the support of the fishing community. Lessons learned from the project emphasize the need by marine protected area participants to recognize irreconcilable impasses early in the process and to seek solutions to maneuver around them. The importance of keeping the fishing community fully engaged is discussed. JF - Coastal Management AU - Helvey, M AD - Habitat Conservation Division, Southwest Region, NOAA Fisheries, 501 W. Ocean Boulevard, Suite 4200, Long Beach, CA 90802, USA, mark.helvey@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - Jun 2004 SP - 173 EP - 190 VL - 32 IS - 2 SN - 0892-0753, 0892-0753 KW - community involvement KW - environmental organizations KW - fishing communities KW - protected areas KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Human Population KW - INE, USA, California, Channel Is., Channel Islands Natl. Marine Sanctuary KW - Coastal zone management KW - Commercial fishing KW - Fishing KW - Recreation KW - Fishery management KW - Marine parks KW - Nature conservation KW - Marine ecosystems KW - USA, California KW - Resource development KW - Environment management KW - Sanctuaries KW - O 5080:Legal/Governmental KW - M1 325:Human Habitat & Natural Resource Development KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19923607?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Coastal+Management&rft.atitle=Seeking+Consensus+on+Designing+Marine+Protected+Areas%3A+Keeping+the+Fishing+Community+Engaged&rft.au=Helvey%2C+M&rft.aulast=Helvey&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Coastal+Management&rft.issn=08920753&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F08920750490276236 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fishing; Commercial fishing; Recreation; Fishery management; Nature conservation; Marine parks; Sanctuaries; Environment management; Coastal zone management; Marine ecosystems; Resource development; USA, California; INE, USA, California, Channel Is., Channel Islands Natl. Marine Sanctuary DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08920750490276236 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the use of SeaWiFS imagery for detecting Karenia brevis harmful algal blooms in the eastern Gulf of Mexico AN - 19724369; 5938658 AB - Frequent blooms of the toxic dinoflagellate, Karenia brevis, along the west coast of Florida are of considerable concern to state resource managers due to numerous ecological and health impacts. With the availability of remotely sensed ocean color imagery from SeaWiFS, a regional algorithm that compensates for the scattering of sediments in coastal waters can be applied to accurately estimate chlorophyll concentrations in coastal areas of Florida. Chlorophyll anomalies of 1 mu g l super(-1) based on a 60-day running mean are currently used along the Panhandle and west Florida coast, to detect K. brevis blooms exceeding 100, 000 cells l super(-1). This is the first step in an early warning system to forecast K. brevis blooms in the eastern Gulf of Mexico. A retrospective analysis was performed on imagery acquired from 1999, 2000 and 2001 to determine the accuracy of this technique in detecting K. brevis blooms in this region. During the K. brevis bloom season from August through April, chlorophyll anomalies accurately identified K. brevis blooms along the Florida Panhandle, from Tampa Bay to Cape Romano and Key West >83% of the time. Frequent chlorophyll anomalies were falsely observed in the spring and early summer, prior to the beginning of the K. brevis bloom season. Areas rich in colored dissolved and particulate matter were prone to anomalies that falsely identify K. brevis blooms; however, blooms rarely originate in these areas. JF - Remote Sensing of Environment AU - Tomlinson, M C AU - Stumpf, R P AU - Ransibrahmanakul, V AU - Truby, E W AU - Kirkpatrick, G J AU - Pederson, BA AU - Vargo, G A AU - Heil, CA AD - NOAA, National Ocean Service, Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment, N/SCI1, SSMC4, Sta. 9244, 1305 East-West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA, Michelle.Tomlinson@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 293 EP - 303 PB - Elsevier Science Inc., Box 882 New York NY 10159 USA, [mailto:usinfo-f@elsevier.com] VL - 91 IS - 3-4 SN - 0034-4257, 0034-4257 KW - SeaWiFS imagery KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Pollution Abstracts KW - Chlorophyll KW - Anomaly KW - Florida KW - Karenia brevis KW - Remote sensing KW - SeaWiFS KW - Harmful algae KW - Noxious organisms KW - Chlorophylls KW - Algal blooms KW - USA, Florida KW - Red tides KW - Particulate matter KW - Algorithms KW - Phytoplankton KW - Particulates KW - Detection KW - Dinoflagellates KW - ASW, USA, Florida, Florida Keys, Key West KW - Coasts KW - Marine KW - Water colour KW - Running KW - Image processing KW - Suspended particulate matter KW - ASW, USA, Florida, Tampa Bay KW - Coastal waters KW - Sediments KW - Imaging techniques KW - Coastal zone management KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - Mexico Gulf KW - Oceans KW - Dissolved organic matter KW - Anomalies KW - Environment management KW - ASW, USA, Florida, Florida Panhandle KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08382:Ecological techniques and apparatus KW - Q1 08221:General KW - Q1 08461:Plankton KW - K 03068:Algae KW - O 1010:Viruses, Bacteria, Protists, Fungi and Plants KW - D 04030:Models, Methods, Remote Sensing KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19724369?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remote+Sensing+of+Environment&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+use+of+SeaWiFS+imagery+for+detecting+Karenia+brevis+harmful+algal+blooms+in+the+eastern+Gulf+of+Mexico&rft.au=Tomlinson%2C+M+C%3BStumpf%2C+R+P%3BRansibrahmanakul%2C+V%3BTruby%2C+E+W%3BKirkpatrick%2C+G+J%3BPederson%2C+BA%3BVargo%2C+G+A%3BHeil%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Tomlinson&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remote+Sensing+of+Environment&rft.issn=00344257&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.rse.2004.02.014 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Noxious organisms; Algal blooms; Chlorophylls; Water colour; Red tides; Remote sensing; Algorithms; Phytoplankton; Suspended particulate matter; Imaging techniques; Coastal zone management; Dissolved organic matter; Detection; Anomalies; Environment management; Chlorophyll; Running; Oceans; Particulate matter; Dinoflagellates; Image processing; Coastal waters; Sediments; Coasts; Particulates; Karenia brevis; ASW, Mexico Gulf; USA, Florida; Mexico Gulf; ASW, USA, Florida, Tampa Bay; ASW, USA, Florida, Florida Keys, Key West; ASW, USA, Florida, Florida Panhandle; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2004.02.014 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Fiscal year 2003 summary report of the NOAA Atmospheric Sciences Modeling Division to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency AN - 19432666; 6539324 AB - During Fiscal Year 2003, the NOAA Atmospheric Sciences Modeling Division's work on meteorological and air quality modeling, and policy guidance was accomplished in accordance with the memorandum signed by the Department of Commerce and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This ranged from research studies and model applications to the provision of advice and guidance in developing programs for improving the Nation's air quality. Research efforts emphasized the development, evaluation, and application of meteorological and air quality models. Among the research studies and results were the release in September 2003 of the latest version of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system; continued development and improvement of CMAQ and its modules; completion of the wind tunnel modeling study for the estimation and characterization of the dispersion of particulate matter from the World Trade Center recovery site after September 11, 2001; development and evaluation of fine or neighborhood-scale air quality models; development of techniques for model evaluation; development of an updated version of the Biogenic Emissions Inventory System; initiation of a study to model the smoke emissions from prescribed and wildfires; and development of the Eta-CMAQ modeling system for use in air quality forecasting. JF - NOAA Technical Memorandum OAR ARL AU - Anonymous A2 - Poole-Kober, EM (ed) A2 - Viebrock, HJ (ed) Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - Jun 2004 SP - 100 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - wildfire KW - terrorism KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Atmospheric sciences KW - Air quality KW - Particulates KW - Particulate matter in atmosphere KW - Emission inventories KW - Air quality forecasting KW - Emissions KW - Wind tunnels KW - Meteorology KW - Smoke dispersion KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Environmental protection KW - Air quality models KW - Smoke KW - EPA KW - USA KW - Air pollution forecasting KW - Particulate matter emissions KW - Dispersion models KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19432666?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Pollution+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Anonymous&rft.aulast=Anonymous&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=100&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Fiscal+year+2003+summary+report+of+the+NOAA+Atmospheric+Sciences+Modeling+Division+to+the+U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency&rft.title=Fiscal+year+2003+summary+report+of+the+NOAA+Atmospheric+Sciences+Modeling+Division+to+the+U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-25 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Visualizing the Food-Web Effects of Fishing for Tunas in the Pacific Ocean AN - 18053804; 6005015 AB - We use food-web models to develop visualizations to compare and evaluate the interactions of tuna fisheries with their supporting food webs in the eastern tropical Pacific (ETP) and the central north Pacific (CNP) Oceans. In the ETP and CNP models, individual fisheries use slightly different food webs that are defined by the assemblage of targeted tuna species. Distinct energy pathways are required to support different tuna species and, consequently, the specific fisheries that target different tuna assemblages. These simulations suggest that catches of tunas, sharks, and billfishes have lowered the biomass of the upper trophic levels in both systems, whereas increases in intermediate and lower trophic level animals have accompanied the decline of top predators. Trade-offs between fishing and predation mortality rates that occur when multiple fisheries interact with their respective food webs may lead to smaller changes in biomass than if only the effect of a single fishery is considered. Historical simulations and hypothetical management scenarios further demonstrate that the effects of longline and purse seine fisheries have been strongest in upper trophic levels, but that lower trophic levels may respond more strongly to purse-seine fisheries. The apex predator guild has responded most strongly to longlining. Simulations of alternative management strategies that attempt to rebuild shark and billfish populations in each ecosystem reveal that (1) changes in longlining more effectively recover top predator populations than do changes in purse seining and (2) restrictions on both shallow-set longline gear and shark finning may do more to recover top predators than do simple reductions in fishing effort. JF - Ecology and Society AU - Hinke, J T AU - Kaplan, I C AU - Aydin, K AU - Watters, G M AU - Olson, R J AU - Kitchell, J F AD - Pacific Fisheries Environmental Laboratory, NOAA Fisheries, 1352 Lighthouse Avenue, Pacific Grove, California 93950, USA, jhinke@pfeg.noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 10 PB - The Resilience Alliance, Biology Dept. Acadia University Wolfville NS NS B0P 1X0 Canada, [mailto:questions@consecol.org] VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 1708-3087, 1708-3087 KW - Albacores KW - Tunas KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Thunnus KW - Purse seining KW - Fishing gear KW - Longlining KW - Predators KW - Tuna fisheries KW - IS, Tropical Pacific KW - Trophic levels KW - Pisces KW - Marine fish KW - Community composition KW - Trophic structure KW - IN, North Pacific KW - Fishery management KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Fishing effort KW - Mortality causes KW - Food webs KW - Modelling KW - D 04700:Management KW - Q1 08601:General KW - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18053804?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecology+and+Society&rft.atitle=Visualizing+the+Food-Web+Effects+of+Fishing+for+Tunas+in+the+Pacific+Ocean&rft.au=Hinke%2C+J+T%3BKaplan%2C+I+C%3BAydin%2C+K%3BWatters%2C+G+M%3BOlson%2C+R+J%3BKitchell%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Hinke&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecology+and+Society&rft.issn=17083087&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Purse seining; Longlining; Fishing gear; Tuna fisheries; Trophic levels; Marine fish; Community composition; Trophic structure; Fishery management; Fishing effort; Food webs; Mortality causes; Modelling; Predators; Pisces; Thunnus; IN, North Pacific; Pacific Ocean; IS, Tropical Pacific; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tornado-Warning Performance in the Past and Future: A Perspective from Signal Detection Theory AN - 18042418; 5988498 AB - Changes over the years in tornado-warning performance in the United States can be modeled from the perspective of signal detection theory. From this view, it can be seen that there have been distinct periods of change in performance, most likely associated with deployment of radars, and changes in scientific understanding and training. The model also makes it clear that improvements in the false alarm ratio can only occur at the cost of large decreases in the probability of detection, or with large improvements in the overall quality of the warning system. JF - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society AU - Brooks, HE AD - NOAA/National Severe Storms Laboratory, Norman, Oklahoma Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - Jun 2004 SP - 837 EP - 843 PB - American Meteorological Society VL - 85 IS - 6 SN - 0003-0007, 0003-0007 KW - tornadoes KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Tornadoes KW - Tornado warning services KW - Warning systems KW - Tornado detection KW - Tornado warnings KW - USA KW - Emergency preparedness KW - Tornado models KW - H 6000:Natural Disasters/Civil Defense/Emergency Management KW - R2 23030:Natural hazards KW - M2 551.515.3:Tornadoes Waterspouts Whirlwinds (551.515.3) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18042418?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+American+Meteorological+Society&rft.atitle=Tornado-Warning+Performance+in+the+Past+and+Future%3A+A+Perspective+from+Signal+Detection+Theory&rft.au=Brooks%2C+HE&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=HE&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=837&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+American+Meteorological+Society&rft.issn=00030007&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2FBAMS-85-6-837 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0003-0007&volume=85&page=837 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; Emergency preparedness; Warning systems; Tornadoes; Tornado warnings; Tornado models; Tornado warning services; Tornado detection DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-85-6-837 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CMORPH: A Method that Produces Global Precipitation Estimates from Passive Microwave and Infrared Data at High Spatial and Temporal Resolution AN - 18041560; 5988833 AB - A new technique is presented in which half-hourly global precipitation estimates derived from passive microwave satellite scans are propagated by motion vectors derived from geostationary satellite infrared data. The Climate Prediction Center morphing method (CMORPH) uses motion vectors derived from half-hourly interval geostationary satellite IR imagery to propagate the relatively high quality precipitation estimates derived from passive microwave data. In addition, the shape and intensity of the precipitation features are modified (morphed) during the time between microwave sensor scans by performing a time-weighted linear interpolation. This process yields spatially and temporally complete microwave-derived precipitation analyses, independent of the infrared temperature field. CMORPH showed substantial improvements over both simple averaging of the microwave estimates and over techniques that blend microwave and infrared information but that derive estimates of precipitation from infrared data when passive microwave information is unavailable. In particular, CMORPH outperforms these blended techniques in terms of daily spatial correlation with a validating rain gauge analysis over Australia by an average of 0.14, 0.27, 0.26, 0.22, and 0.20 for April, May, June-August, September, and October 2003, respectively. CMORPH also yields higher equitable threat scores over Australia for the same periods by an average of 0.11, 0.14, 0.13, 0.14, and 0.13. Over the United States for June-August, September, and October 2003, spatial correlation was higher for CMORPH relative to the average of the same techniques by an average of 0.10, 0.13, and 0.13, respectively, and equitable threat scores were higher by an average of 0.06, 0.09, and 0.10, respectively. JF - Journal of Hydrometeorology AU - Joyce, R J AU - Janowiak, JE AU - Arkin, P A AU - Xie, P AD - RS Informations Systems, Inc., 1651 Old Meadow Road, McLean, VA 22102., robertjoyce@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - Jun 2004 SP - 487 EP - 503 PB - American Meteorological Society VL - 5 IS - 3 SN - 1525-755X, 1525-755X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Rain-gage comparisons KW - Remote Sensing KW - Prediction KW - Satellite Technology KW - Measuring Instruments KW - Climates KW - Satellite precipitation estimation KW - Temperature KW - Correlation analysis KW - Precipitation KW - Geostationary satellites KW - Hydrometeorology KW - USA KW - Interpolation methods KW - Rain Gages KW - Australia KW - Satellite infrared radiation data analysis KW - M2 551.501.86:Use of satellite-borne instruments (551.501.86) KW - SW 0815:Precipitation KW - M2 551.501:Methods of Observation/Computations (551.501) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18041560?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.atitle=CMORPH%3A+A+Method+that+Produces+Global+Precipitation+Estimates+from+Passive+Microwave+and+Infrared+Data+at+High+Spatial+and+Temporal+Resolution&rft.au=Joyce%2C+R+J%3BJanowiak%2C+JE%3BArkin%2C+P+A%3BXie%2C+P&rft.aulast=Joyce&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=487&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.issn=1525755X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F1525-7541%282004%29005%280487%3ACAMTPG%292.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=1525-755X&volume=5&page=487 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Precipitation; Satellite Technology; Climates; Temperature; Prediction; Rain Gages; Remote Sensing; Hydrometeorology; Measuring Instruments; USA; Australia; Satellite precipitation estimation; Satellite infrared radiation data analysis; Geostationary satellites; Interpolation methods; Correlation analysis; Rain-gage comparisons DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1525-7541(2004)005(0487:CAMTPG)2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) discovery in mammals: a targeted-gene approach AN - 17990590; 5920570 AB - Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have rarely been exploited in nonhuman and nonmodel organism genetic studies. This is due partly to difficulties in finding SNPs in species where little DNA sequence data exist, as well as to a lack of robust and inexpensive genotyping methods. We have explored one SNP discovery method for molecular ecology, evolution, and conservation studies to evaluate the method and its limitations for population genetics in mammals. We made use of 'CATS' (or 'EPIC') primers to screen for novel SNPs in mammals. Most of these primer sets were designed from primates and/or rodents, for amplifying intron regions from conserved genes. We have screened 202 loci in 16 representatives of the major mammalian clades. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) success correlated with phylogenetic distance from the human and mouse sequences used to design most primers; for example, specific PCR products from primates and the mouse amplified the most consistently and the marsupial and armadillo amplifications were least successful. Approximately 24% (opossum) to 65% (chimpanzee) of primers produced usable PCR product(s) in the mammals tested. Products produced generally high but variable levels of readable sequence and similarity to the expected genes. In a preliminary screen of chimpanzee DNA, 12 SNPs were identified from six (of 11) sequenced regions, yielding a SNP on average every 400 base pairs (bp). Given the progress in genome sequencing, and the large numbers of CATS-like primers published to date, this approach may yield sufficient SNPs per species for population and conservation genetic studies in nonmodel mammals and other organisms. JF - Molecular Ecology AU - Aitken, N AU - Smith, S AU - Schwarz, C AU - Morin, P A AD - Laboratory for Conservation Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Inselstrasse 22, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany, Phillip.Morin@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - Jun 2004 SP - 1423 EP - 1431 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 13 IS - 6 SN - 0962-1083, 0962-1083 KW - Mammalia KW - mice KW - Ecology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Genotyping KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Ecological genetics KW - Population genetics KW - Single-nucleotide polymorphism KW - Conservation genetics KW - G 07270:Ecological genetics KW - D 04001:Methodology - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17990590?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Ecology&rft.atitle=Single+nucleotide+polymorphism+%28SNP%29+discovery+in+mammals%3A+a+targeted-gene+approach&rft.au=Aitken%2C+N%3BSmith%2C+S%3BSchwarz%2C+C%3BMorin%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Aitken&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1423&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Ecology&rft.issn=09621083&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-294X.2004.02159.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Population genetics; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Nucleotide sequence; Genotyping; Ecological genetics; Conservation genetics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02159.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thirty-year recovery trend in the once depleted Hawaiian green sea turtle stock AN - 17899446; 5863934 AB - The green sea turtle is one of the long-lived species that comprise the charismatic marine megafauna. The green turtle has a long history of human exploitation with some stocks extinct. Here we report on a 30-year study of the nesting abundance of the green turtle stock endemic to the Hawaiian Archipelago. We show that there has been a substantial long-term increase in abundance of this once seriously depleted stock following cessation of harvesting since the 1970s. This population increase has occurred in a far shorter period of time than previously thought possible. There was also a distinct 3-4 year periodicity in annual nesting abundance that might be a function of regional environmental stochasticity that synchronises breeding behaviour throughout the Archipelago. This is one of the few reliable long-term population abundance time series for a large long-lived marine species, which are needed for gaining insights into the recovery process of long-lived marine species and long-term ecological processes. JF - Biological Conservation AU - Balazs, G H AU - Chaloupka, M AD - Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, Honolulu, Hawaii, 96822, USA, m.chaloupka@mailbox.uq.edu.au Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 491 EP - 498 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 117 IS - 5 SN - 0006-3207, 0006-3207 KW - Green sea turtle KW - Green turtle KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Nesting behavior KW - Time series KW - Aquatic reptiles KW - Time series analysis KW - Population dynamics KW - Long-term records KW - Breeding KW - Marine KW - USA, Hawaii KW - ISE, USA, Hawaii KW - Turtles KW - Rare species KW - Resource exploitation KW - Biomass KW - Stochasticity KW - Breeding sites KW - Recovery KW - Chelonia mydas KW - Megafauna KW - Depleted stocks KW - Nature conservation KW - Stocks KW - Census KW - Periodicity KW - Harvesting KW - Breeding success KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - M3 1140:Biodiversity KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - Q1 08442:Population dynamics KW - Q1 08321:General KW - D 04705:Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17899446?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Conservation&rft.atitle=Thirty-year+recovery+trend+in+the+once+depleted+Hawaiian+green+sea+turtle+stock&rft.au=Balazs%2C+G+H%3BChaloupka%2C+M&rft.aulast=Balazs&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=491&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Conservation&rft.issn=00063207&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biocon.2003.08.008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Time series; Aquatic reptiles; Rare species; Population dynamics; Biomass; Long-term records; Breeding sites; Recovery; Depleted stocks; Nature conservation; Periodicity; Census; Breeding success; Nesting behavior; Breeding; Megafauna; Stocks; Turtles; Time series analysis; Resource exploitation; Stochasticity; Harvesting; Chelonia mydas; USA, Hawaii; ISE, USA, Hawaii; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2003.08.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differences in Responses of Chinook Salmon to Climate Shifts: Implications for Conservation AN - 17861597; 6023963 AB - Understanding how organisms respond to climate is critical for focusing the debate about ways to recover imperiled or manage exploited species. However, efforts to understand climate effects on biota are complicated by differences among species in life history and physiology. Even within a species it is not clear if different populations will react similarly to large-scale climate trends. Climate regimes exhibit basin-wide effects similar to the El Nino Southern Oscillation but persist for decades. In the North Pacific Ocean, two regime shifts (abrupt changes from one regime to another) occurred in 1976-1977 and 1989-1990 and had wide ranging effects on many species. We examined the response of chinook salmon from 9 evolutionary significant units (ESUs) to the regime shifts. While there was an average decline in spawner numbers associated with the regime shifts, ESUs did not respond in a uniform manner: some ESUs declined, some did not respond and one may have increased. Four ESUs currently listed under the Endangered Species Act may have declined more across regime boundaries than did the five non-listed ones. Interpretation of this result depends on two ESUs: the Snake River spring/summer run and the Central Valley fall run. The Snake River ESU had the largest decline and most sampling effort. If this ESU was excluded from the analysis, there was no evidence that listed and non-listed stocks responded differently to the regimes. The Central Valley ESU is currently a candidate for listing. If this ESU is considered to be a threatened or endangered, then listed ESUs declined more on average than did non-listed ESUs across the regime boundaries regardless of the Snake River ESU. As a whole, these results suggest that long-term climate trends are important to the dynamics of chinook populations and that sub-units of a species (here ESUs) can respond differently to these regimes. JF - Environmental Biology of Fishes AU - Tolimieri, N AU - Levin, P AD - Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, 2725 Montlake Blvd. E., Seattle, WA 98102, U.S.A., nick.tolimieri@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - Jun 2004 SP - 155 EP - 167 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 70 IS - 2 SN - 0378-1909, 0378-1909 KW - Chinook salmon KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Climatic changes KW - Freshwater KW - Environmental factors KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Ecosystem management KW - Environmental effects KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Seasonal variations KW - El Nino phenomena KW - Temperature effects KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Marine KW - USA, Snake R. KW - Annual variations KW - Spawning populations KW - Brackish KW - Rare species KW - Environmental protection KW - Southern Oscillation KW - USA KW - Temperature anomalies KW - Endangered species KW - Conservation KW - Population number KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - D 04705:Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17861597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Biology+of+Fishes&rft.atitle=Differences+in+Responses+of+Chinook+Salmon+to+Climate+Shifts%3A+Implications+for+Conservation&rft.au=Tolimieri%2C+N%3BLevin%2C+P&rft.aulast=Tolimieri&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Biology+of+Fishes&rft.issn=03781909&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FB%3AEBFI.0000029344.33698.34 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; USA, Snake R.; USA; Ocean-atmosphere system; Rare species; Environmental factors; Environmental effects; El Nino phenomena; Southern Oscillation; Environmental protection; Spawning populations; Ecosystem management; Population number; Seasonal variations; Annual variations; Environmental monitoring; Temperature anomalies; Climatic changes; Temperature effects; Conservation; Endangered species; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:EBFI.0000029344.33698.34 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Materials design in the performance of all-ceramic crowns AN - 17823383; 5856607 AB - Results from a systematic study of damage in material structures representing the basic elements of dental crowns are reported. Tests are made on model flat-layer specimens fabricated from various dental ceramic combinations bonded to dentin-like polymer substrates, in bilayer (ceramic/polymer) and trilayer (ceramic/ceramic/polymer) configurations. The specimens are loaded at their top surfaces with spherical indenters, in simulation of occlusal function. The onset of fracture is observed in situ using a video camera system mounted beneath the transparent polymer substrate. Critical loads to induce fracture and deformation at the ceramic top and bottom surfaces are measured as functions of layer thickness and contact duration. Radial cracking at the ceramic undersurface occurs at relatively low loads, especially in thinner layers. Fracture mechanics relations are used to confirm the experimental data trends, and to provide explicit dependencies of critical loads in terms of key variables: material--elastic modulus, hardness, strength and toughness; geometric--layer thicknesses and contact radius. Tougher, harder and (especially) stronger materials show superior damage resistance. Critical loads depend strongly (quadratically) on crown net thickness. The analytic relations provide a sound basis for the materials design of next-generation dental crowns. JF - Biomaterials AU - Lawn, B R AU - Pajares, A AU - Zhang, Y AU - Deng, Y AU - Polack, MA AU - Lloyd, I K AU - Rekow, ED AU - Thompson, J AD - Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Building 301, Shipping & Receiving, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8500, USA, brian.lawn@nist.gov Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - Jun 2004 SP - 2885 EP - 2892 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl] VL - 25 IS - 14 SN - 0142-9612, 0142-9612 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Teeth KW - Ceramics KW - Dental restorative materials KW - Cameras KW - Biomaterials KW - Fractures KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 110:Biomedical Materials & Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17823383?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomaterials&rft.atitle=Materials+design+in+the+performance+of+all-ceramic+crowns&rft.au=Lawn%2C+B+R%3BPajares%2C+A%3BZhang%2C+Y%3BDeng%2C+Y%3BPolack%2C+MA%3BLloyd%2C+I+K%3BRekow%2C+ED%3BThompson%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lawn&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=2885&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomaterials&rft.issn=01429612&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biomaterials.2003.09.050 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ceramics; Fractures; Cameras; Teeth; Dental restorative materials; Biomaterials DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2003.09.050 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nutrient pulsing as a regulator of phytoplankton abundance and community composition in Galveston Bay, Texas AN - 17762367; 6157680 AB - Galveston Bay, Texas, is a large shallow estuary with a watershed that includes 60% of the major industrial facilities of Texas. However, the system exhibits low to moderate (2-20 mu g l super(-1)) microalgal biomass with sporadic phytoplankton blooms. Both nitrogen (N) and phosphate (P) limitation of phytoplankton growth have been proposed for the estuary. However, shifts between N and P limitation of algae growth may occur due to annual fluctuations in nutrient concentrations. The primary goal of this work was to determine the primary limiting nutrient for phytoplankton in Galveston Bay. Nutrient addition bioassays were used to assess short-term (1-2 days) phytoplankton responses (both biomass and community composition) to potentially limiting nutrients. The experimental bioassays were conducted over an annual cycle using natural water collected from the center to lower part of the estuary. Total phytoplankton biomass increased in the nitrate (10 mu M) additions in 11 of the 13 bioassays, but no significant increases were detected in the phosphate (3 mu M)-only additions. Bioassay results suggest that the phytoplankton community was usually not phosphate limited. All major groups increased in biomass following nitrate additions but diatoms increased in biomass at a faster rate than other groups, shifting the community composition toward higher relative abundance of diatoms. The results of this study suggest that pulsed N input events preferentially favor increases in diatom biomass in this estuary. The broader implications of this study are that N pulsing events, primarily due to river discharge, play an important role in structuring the phytoplankton community in the Galveston Bay estuary. JF - Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology AU - Oernolfsdottir, E B AU - Lumsden, SE AU - Pinckney, J L AD - Estuarine Ecology Laboratory, 3146 TAMU, Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-3146, USA, Erla.Ornolfsdottir@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 197 EP - 220 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl] VL - 303 IS - 2 SN - 0022-0981, 0022-0981 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Bioassays KW - Chemtax KW - Galveston Bay KW - Nutrient limitation KW - Phytoplankton KW - Pigments KW - Texas KW - Algal blooms KW - Abundance KW - Nutrients KW - Watersheds KW - Algal Growth KW - Population levels KW - USA, Texas, Galveston Bay KW - Marine KW - Estuaries KW - River discharge KW - Limiting factors KW - Biomass KW - ASW, USA, Texas, Galveston Bay KW - Community composition KW - Limiting Factors KW - USA, Texas KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - Population number KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08461:Plankton KW - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics KW - D 04330:Marine KW - SW 0890:Estuaries KW - Q1 08481:Productivity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17762367?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Experimental+Marine+Biology+and+Ecology&rft.atitle=Nutrient+pulsing+as+a+regulator+of+phytoplankton+abundance+and+community+composition+in+Galveston+Bay%2C+Texas&rft.au=Oernolfsdottir%2C+E+B%3BLumsden%2C+SE%3BPinckney%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Oernolfsdottir&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=303&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Experimental+Marine+Biology+and+Ecology&rft.issn=00220981&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jembe.2003.11.016 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Algal blooms; Community composition; Bioassays; Abundance; River discharge; Phytoplankton; Nutrients (mineral); Limiting factors; Biomass; Watersheds; Population number; Population levels; Estuaries; Nutrients; Limiting Factors; Algal Growth; USA, Texas; ASW, USA, Texas, Galveston Bay; USA, Texas, Galveston Bay; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2003.11.016 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Habitat and reef-fish assemblages of banks in the northwestern Hawaiian Islands AN - 17750565; 6017877 AB - The moderately deep terraces and banks of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI) were surveyed to describe their habitat and reef-fish assemblages. These tracts of bottom at 30-40 m comprise more than 4,500 km super(2)of the region's reef area. The habitat was found to be dominated by algal meadows (65% cover of exposed bottom), with infrequent relief features. Annual monitoring of select stations for 4 years at Necker Bank indicated that the relative difference in algal abundance between stations persisted from year to year (at least in summer). Temperature records from year-long deployments of archival thermistors in high-cover (>70%) and low-cover (<30%) algal biotopes were indistinguishable, providing no explanation of the algal differences between stations. At all banks, Microdictyon was the primary alga, averaging 1.22 kg/m super(2). In spite of the extensive standing primary production, and a historical lack of fishing, bank reef-fish populations were impoverished. Mean densities, sizes, and biomass of trophic groups were considerably less than values reported for NWHI reef shallows. An overall mean biomass was estimated at 22.5 g/m super(2), which is a fifth of that reported for shallow reefs of the region. Fish biomass of all trophic groups was associated with the few sources of relief available on the banks. Apex predators (sharks, jacks, and snappers), common on all surveys (with a mean of five per station), were proposed to constrain fish populations to sparse sources of relief resulting in a skewed size structure of the two primary fish trophic components. Sizes of lower-level carnivores were tightly correlated with sources of relief whereas the size of herbivores were not, indicating that herbivores more often venture out and risk the exposed algal meadows. These bank summits are a rare example of a near pristine reef system with high benthic primary productivity and low fish biomass, and are a stark contrast to shallower coral-reef ecosystems of the NWHI. JF - Marine Biology AU - Parrish, F A AU - Boland, R C AD - Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, NOAA, 2570 Dole Street, 96822-2902, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, Frank.Parrish@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - Jun 2004 SP - 1065 EP - 1073 PB - Springer-Verlag VL - 144 IS - 6 SN - 0025-3162, 0025-3162 KW - Improverished fish KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Phytobenthos KW - Biotopes KW - Predators KW - Food availability KW - Habitat selection KW - Organism aggregations KW - Thermistors KW - Pisces KW - Vegetation cover KW - Trophic structure KW - Temperature data KW - Terraces KW - Algae KW - Marine KW - Submarine banks KW - USA, Hawaii KW - Carnivores KW - Habitat KW - Biomass KW - Coral reefs KW - Population structure KW - Microdictyon KW - Reef fish KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - D 04330:Marine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17750565?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Biology&rft.atitle=Habitat+and+reef-fish+assemblages+of+banks+in+the+northwestern+Hawaiian+Islands&rft.au=Parrish%2C+F+A%3BBoland%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Parrish&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1065&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Biology&rft.issn=00253162&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00227-003-1288-0 L2 - http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/00227/bibs/4144006/41441065.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Microdictyon; Pisces; USA, Hawaii; Reef fish; Organism aggregations; Population structure; Habitat selection; Biotopes; Biomass; Vegetation cover; Phytobenthos; Submarine banks; Terraces; Food availability; Trophic structure; Carnivores; Predators; Temperature data; Thermistors; Habitat; Coral reefs; Algae; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-003-1288-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - IMPROVING MONTHLY GREAT LAKES ICE COVER OUTLOOKS AN - 1765943896; PQ0002620901 AB - Prediction of ice growth in the Great Lakes is important for commercial navigation, channel maintenance, water level and flow regulation, and winter operations planning. Current 30-day forecasts, issued on the first of the month for the first of the following month, mainly use forecasts of air temperature. They enable calculation of accumulated freezing degree-days (AFDDs), which are used to identify similar historical events and associated ice cover as a forecast. More information is now available to ice forecasters, and we investigate its use in simple statistical models. The information considered here is limited to observations available at the time of a forecast, but include AFDDs, various telecommunication indices, and current ice cover. Additionally, the potential of AFDD forecasts is assessed in a statistical regression between ice cover and AFDDs during the month between the time of making the forecast and the start date of the forecast. (Actual AFDDs represent the best we could hope to forecast and so its use reveals the potential improvement that could be realized if a forecast of AFDD was developed.) Likewise, the potential of a mechanistic lake thermodynamics model is also assessed in a statistical correlation between ice cover and model outputs. JF - NOAA Technical Memorandum GLERL AU - Assel, Raymond A AU - Drobot, Sheldon AU - Croley, Thomas E, II AD - NOAA, Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - June 2004 SP - 1 EP - 22 PB - U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, 2205 Commonwealth Blvd. Ann Arbor MI 48105-2945 United States VL - 129 SN - 0733-4044, 0733-4044 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Prediction KW - Regulated Rivers KW - Communication systems KW - Freshwater KW - Air temperature KW - Water levels KW - Lakes KW - Growth KW - Ice drift KW - Ice Cover KW - Statistical models KW - Freezing KW - Water Level KW - Navigation KW - Maintenance KW - Model Studies KW - Channels KW - Lake ice KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - Ice cover KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765943896?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NOAA+Technical+Memorandum+GLERL&rft.atitle=IMPROVING+MONTHLY+GREAT+LAKES+ICE+COVER+OUTLOOKS&rft.au=Assel%2C+Raymond+A%3BDrobot%2C+Sheldon%3BCroley%2C+Thomas+E%2C+II&rft.aulast=Assel&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=129&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NOAA+Technical+Memorandum+GLERL&rft.issn=07334044&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water levels; Growth; Lake ice; Communication systems; Statistical models; Freezing; Ice drift; Air temperature; Ice cover; Channels; Prediction; Lakes; Ice Cover; Regulated Rivers; Water Level; Navigation; Maintenance; Model Studies; North America, Great Lakes; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Shallow water predation risk for a juvenile flatfish (winter flounder; Pseudopleuronectes americanus, Walbaum) in a northwest Atlantic estuary AN - 17594314; 5894198 AB - Many small fish, including several juvenile Atlantic flatfish, are most abundant in shallow areas presumable because these habitats enhance survivorship and/or growth. In this study, we investigated size-dependent depth distributions and the role of shallow habitats as predator refuges for age-0 winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) in a northwest Atlantic estuarine nursery. Analysis of trawl surveys performed during the larval settlement period throughout the Navesink River and Sandy Hook Bay, New Jersey, showed that as fish increased in size, depth of occurrence gradually decreased, so that individuals >35 mm standard length (SL) were concentrated in habitats ~1 m deep. Tethering in structurally simple and adjacent shallow and deep habitats showed that predation risk for flounder (30-50 mm SL) was low in shallow water (<1 m) and increased rapidly with depth. Summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus), which were more abundant in trammel nets in deep habitats and included winter flounder in their diets, appeared to be important consumers of tethered fish. Our results indicate that following larval settlement, winter flounder emigrate from or suffer high mortality in deeper water to become concentrated in shallow habitats that can serve as predator refuges even when they lack complex physical structures. These results highlight the potential for functional habitat loss when natural and/or anthropogenic factors make shallow habitats unavailable to young fish. JF - Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology AU - Manderson, J P AU - Pessutti, J AU - Hilbert, J G AU - Juanes, F AD - James J. Howard Marine Sciences Laboratory, Behavioral Ecology Branch, Department of Commerce, NOAA/National Marine Fisheries Service, Highlands, NJ 07732, USA, john.manderson@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - Jun 2004 SP - 137 EP - 157 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands, [mailto:nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl], [URL:http://www.elsevier.nl/] VL - 304 IS - 2 SN - 0022-0981, 0022-0981 KW - Marine fish KW - Summer flounder KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Q1 01341:General KW - Q1 01423:Behaviour KW - D 04668:Fish KW - O 1050:Vertebrates, Urochordates and Cephalochordates KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 01442:Population dynamics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17594314?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Experimental+Marine+Biology+and+Ecology&rft.atitle=Shallow+water+predation+risk+for+a+juvenile+flatfish+%28winter+flounder%3B+Pseudopleuronectes+americanus%2C+Walbaum%29+in+a+northwest+Atlantic+estuary&rft.au=Manderson%2C+J+P%3BPessutti%2C+J%3BHilbert%2C+J+G%3BJuanes%2C+F&rft.aulast=Manderson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=304&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Experimental+Marine+Biology+and+Ecology&rft.issn=00220981&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jembe.2003.12.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2003.12.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fish density and size alter Pacific halibut feeding: implications for stock assessment AN - 17501327; 6386314 AB - Laboratory experiments were conducted with Pacific halibut Hippoglossus stenolepis to test the hypothesis that responsiveness to food cues is density- and size- dependent. Tanks holding one, two and four fish were video-taped continuously before and after introduction of an olfactory cue and whole baits (squid). Pre-cue indices of activity did not vary with fish density. After olfactory stimulation, per capita activity was directly related to density, with no significant increase in activity by single fish. Numbers of baits located, attacked and consumed were directly related to fish density, and average times to first attack varied from 12 s in groups of four fish to >15 min in single fish. The latency period between location and attack decreased significantly with fish density. When large (43-55 cm, total length, L sub(T)) and small (31-38 cm L sub(T)) Pacific halibut were tested together in pairs and groups of four fish, small individuals located baits first in 61% of the trials. Large fish, however, consumed all of the baits (except one) in trials where both large and small fish responded. Social facilitation in Pacific halibut feeding will result in a non-linear relationship between catch per unit effort and population density, and the size composition of fish captured may be influenced by interference competition. JF - Journal of Fish Biology AU - Stoner, A W AU - Ottmar, M L AD - Fisheries Behavioral Ecology Program, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, 2030 S. Marine Science Dr., Newport, Oregon 97 365, USA, al.stoner@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - Jun 2004 SP - 1712 EP - 1724 VL - 64 IS - 6 SN - 0022-1112, 0022-1112 KW - Pacific halibut KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts KW - Stock assessment KW - Population density KW - Hippoglossus stenolepis KW - Bait KW - Marine fish KW - Feeding behaviour KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Social facilitation KW - Body size KW - Marine molluscs KW - Feeding behavior KW - Competition KW - Olfaction KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08483:Species interactions: general KW - D 04668:Fish KW - Y 25495:Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17501327?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Fish+Biology&rft.atitle=Fish+density+and+size+alter+Pacific+halibut+feeding%3A+implications+for+stock+assessment&rft.au=Stoner%2C+A+W%3BOttmar%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Stoner&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1712&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Fish+Biology&rft.issn=00221112&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.0022-1112.2004.00434.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Feeding behaviour; Body size; Population density; Marine molluscs; Competition; Olfaction; Bait; Stock assessment; Social facilitation; Feeding behavior; Hippoglossus stenolepis; Pacific Ocean DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2004.00434.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reproductive biology of Carcharhinus acronotus in the coastal waters of South Carolina AN - 17500714; 6386302 AB - The reproductive biology of blacknose sharks Carcharhinus acronotus in the western North Atlantic Ocean was studied by examining specimens collected in the coastal waters of South Carolina. Males begin the maturation process between 875 and 910 mm fork length (L sub(F)), as indicated by the presence of functional claspers and siphon sacs. The presence of vitellogenic oocytes and developing oviducal glands and uteri indicated that females begin to mature at c. 870 mm L sub(F). Length at which 50% of the population reached maturity was 896 and 964 mm L sub(F), equivalent to 4 times 3 and 4 times 5 years, for males and females, respectively. Gonado-somatic indices suggested that spermatogenesis and vitellogenesis began after December. Mating took place during the end of May and the beginning of June. Fertilization occurred during late June and early July, suggesting that female blacknose sharks were capable of sperm storage. Based on the timing of fertilization and occurrence of females carrying near-term pups in late May and early June, the gestation period for blacknose sharks was c. 11 months. Female blacknose sharks reproduced biennially based on the absence of vitellogenic oocytes in near-term females and there being no indication of vitellogenesis in postpartum females. Male blacknose sharks were capable of reproducing annually as indicated by turgid genital ducts, which were observed in all mature males collected during late May and early June. JF - Journal of Fish Biology AU - Driggers, WB III AU - Oakley, DA AU - Ulrich, G AU - Carlson, J K AU - Cullum, B J AU - Dean, J M AD - Belle. W. Baruch Institute for Marine and Coastal Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29 208, USA, william.driggers@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/06// PY - 2004 DA - Jun 2004 SP - 1540 EP - 1551 VL - 64 IS - 6 SN - 0022-1112, 0022-1112 KW - Blacknose shark KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Vitellogenesis KW - ANW, USA, South Carolina KW - Carcharhinus acronotus KW - Coastal waters KW - Spermatogenesis KW - Pregnancy KW - Marine fish KW - Fertilization KW - Coastal zone KW - USA, South Carolina KW - Glands KW - Sexual maturity KW - Oocytes KW - Reproduction KW - Population structure KW - Q1 08442:Population dynamics KW - D 04668:Fish KW - O 1050:Vertebrates, Urochordates and Cephalochordates KW - Y 25425:Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17500714?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Fish+Biology&rft.atitle=Reproductive+biology+of+Carcharhinus+acronotus+in+the+coastal+waters+of+South+Carolina&rft.au=Driggers%2C+WB+III%3BOakley%2C+DA%3BUlrich%2C+G%3BCarlson%2C+J+K%3BCullum%2C+B+J%3BDean%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Driggers&rft.aufirst=WB&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1540&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Fish+Biology&rft.issn=00221112&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.0022-1112.2004.00408.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Coastal zone; Vitellogenesis; Sexual maturity; Population structure; Reproduction; Spermatogenesis; Pregnancy; Fertilization; Glands; Oocytes; Coastal waters; Carcharhinus acronotus; USA, South Carolina; ANW, USA, South Carolina; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2004.00408.x ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 57 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36372088; 10812-040259_0057 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 57 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36372088?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 40 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36371915; 10812-040259_0040 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 40 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36371915?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 62 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36371874; 10812-040259_0062 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 62 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36371874?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 39 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36371784; 10812-040259_0039 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 39 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36371784?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 55 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36371738; 10812-040259_0055 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 55 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36371738?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 42 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36371722; 10812-040259_0042 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 42 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36371722?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 32 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36371683; 10812-040259_0032 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 32 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36371683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 24 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36371600; 10812-040259_0024 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 24 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36371600?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 34 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36371598; 10812-040259_0034 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 34 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36371598?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 36 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36371472; 10812-040259_0036 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 36 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36371472?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 29 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36371340; 10812-040259_0029 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 29 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36371340?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 11 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36370778; 10812-040259_0011 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 11 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36370778?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 10 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36370776; 10812-040259_0010 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 10 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36370776?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 6 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36370677; 10812-040259_0006 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 6 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36370677?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 8 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36370659; 10812-040259_0008 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 8 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36370659?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 9 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36370417; 10812-040259_0009 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 9 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36370417?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 12 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36370214; 10812-040259_0012 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 12 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36370214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 41 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36369374; 10812-040259_0041 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 41 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36369374?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 37 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36369288; 10812-040259_0037 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 37 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36369288?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 38 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36369182; 10812-040259_0038 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 38 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36369182?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 30 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36369171; 10812-040259_0030 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 30 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36369171?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 43 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36369075; 10812-040259_0043 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 43 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36369075?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 26 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36369039; 10812-040259_0026 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 26 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36369039?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 28 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36368941; 10812-040259_0028 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 28 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36368941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 35 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36368755; 10812-040259_0035 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 35 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36368755?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 13 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36368457; 10812-040259_0013 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 13 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36368457?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 4 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36368372; 10812-040259_0004 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 4 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36368372?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 1 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36368207; 10812-040259_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 1 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36368207?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 7 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36367942; 10812-040259_0007 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 7 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36367942?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 5 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36367842; 10812-040259_0005 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 5 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36367842?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 2 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36367691; 10812-040259_0002 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 2 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36367691?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 59 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36367079; 10812-040259_0059 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 59 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36367079?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 58 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36366955; 10812-040259_0058 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 58 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36366955?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 52 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36366824; 10812-040259_0052 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 52 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36366824?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 49 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36366683; 10812-040259_0049 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 49 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36366683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 45 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36366551; 10812-040259_0045 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 45 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36366551?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 18 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36365797; 10812-040259_0018 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 18 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36365797?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 48 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36361199; 10812-040259_0048 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 48 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36361199?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 23 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36360948; 10812-040259_0023 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 23 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36360948?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 22 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36359661; 10812-040259_0022 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 22 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36359661?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 20 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36359443; 10812-040259_0020 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 20 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36359443?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 60 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36359041; 10812-040259_0060 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 60 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36359041?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 47 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36358598; 10812-040259_0047 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 47 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36358598?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 61 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36357967; 10812-040259_0061 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 61 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36357967?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 53 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36357775; 10812-040259_0053 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 53 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36357775?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 33 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36357584; 10812-040259_0033 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 33 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36357584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=B11&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003JB002422 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 56 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36357478; 10812-040259_0056 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 56 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36357478?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 27 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36357392; 10812-040259_0027 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 27 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36357392?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 50 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36357156; 10812-040259_0050 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 50 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36357156?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 44 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36356954; 10812-040259_0044 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 44 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36356954?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 14 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36356775; 10812-040259_0014 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 14 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36356775?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 21 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36356665; 10812-040259_0021 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 21 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36356665?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 19 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36355394; 10812-040259_0019 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 19 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36355394?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 17 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36355260; 10812-040259_0017 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 17 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36355260?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 16 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36353383; 10812-040259_0016 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 16 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36353383?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 15 of 63] T2 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36353205; 10812-040259_0015 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 15 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36353205?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ALASKA GROUNDFISH FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND ALEUTIAN ISLANDS (FINAL PROGRAMMATIC SUPPLEMENTMNTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 16360993; 10812 AB - PURPOSE: The revision of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for the groundfish fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone off Alaska is proposed in this final programmatic EIS. The areas of concern include waters associated with the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and the Gulf of Alaska. The environmental reviews for the BSAI and the Gulf fisheries were prepared in 1978 and 1981, respectively. During the intervening years, the fisheries have evolved from primarily foreign fisheries to completely domestic fisheries. Approximately 2.2 million metric tons of groundfish are taken annually in the combined Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands fisheries, with groundfish harvested well below their overfishing levels. Some stocks are at or near their all time high biomass levels (Bering Sea pollack, Pacific cod, and rock sole), while others are at lower levels of abundance (Gulf of Alaska pollock and various rockfish). Fishery participants include catcher vessels, inshore processors and motherships, and catcher processors. This EIS provides a broad environmental evaluation examining alternative FMPs on a large scale. All finfish and invertebrate species in the areas of concern subject to the FMPs are grouped into five management categories, namely, target, prohibited, forage fish, non-specified species, and other species. Harvest quotas, or total allowable catch limits, would be set annually for target species, either individually or by species group based on optimum yield determinations. Prohibited species catch limits would be set for certain species (for example, salmon, herring, halibut, king crab, and Tanner crab) that are the target of other domestic fisheries, but are taken only incidentally during groundfish fishing operations. Principal groundfish fisheries are directed on pollock, Pacific cod, sablefish, flatfish, Atka mackerel, and rockfish. Gear types used to harvest fish include bottom and pelagic trawls, hook-and-ling (longlines), pot, and jig gear. Issues addressed in the alternative FMPs include those related to effects on target groundfish species, prohibited species, forage fish species, non-specified species, other species, essential fish habitat, seabirds, marine mammals, fishing industry socioeconomics, and marine ecosystems. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), which would continue the existing management regime, are considered in this draft EIS. A preliminarily preferred alternative has been identified. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The preferred alternative would provide for forward-looking conservation measures that would address differing levels of uncertainty, a precautionary approach that would apply judicious and responsible fisheries management practices based on sound scientific research and analysis. The alternative would result in proactive measures to assure the sustainability of fishery resources and associated ecosystems. Appropriate management of the fisheries would ensure preservation of immediate and long-term economic benefits to the fishing communities of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands, Kodiak archipelago, south central Alaska, southeast Alaska, Washington inland waters, and the Oregon coast. Significant protection would be provided to federally protected marine mammal and seabird species as well as other non-target species. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Excess capacity would continue to exist in some fisheries and in certain areas of each fishery. Area closures and restrictions on catch, bycatch, and fishing gear, which could be enforced under the preferred alternative, could result in economic hardships for some fishery operators. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0067D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040259, Executive Summary--87 pages; Volume I--979 pages, Volume II (Chapter 4)--859 pages, Volume 3 (Chapter 4 continued)--878 pages, Volume IV (Chapter 4 continued)--929 pages, Volume V (Appendix A)--1,107 pages, Volume VI (Appendices A-F)--955 pages and maps, Volume VII (Appendix A)--1,177 pages, May 28, 2004 PY - 2004 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Alaska KW - Aleutian Islands KW - Bering Sea KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16360993?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=ALASKA+GROUNDFISH+FISHERIES%2C+GULF+OF+ALASKA%2C+BERING+SEA%2C+AND+ALEUTIAN+ISLANDS+%28FINAL+PROGRAMMATIC+SUPPLEMENTMNTAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Juneau, Alaska; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 28, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - FREEPORT LNG PROJECT, FREEPORT LNG DEVELOPMENT, L.P., QUINTANA ISLAND, BRAZORIA COUNTY, TEXAS (DOCKET NO. CP03-75-000). AN - 36437135; 10807 AB - PURPOSE: The construction and operation of a liquefied natural gas (LNG) terminal facility on Quintana Island southeast of the city of Freeport in Brazoria County, Texas are proposed. Freeport LNG Development, L.P. proposes to construct and operate a new LNG import terminal, including an LNG tanker docking and unloading service facilities. In addition Freeport LNG would construct and operate a new natural gas pipeline and ancillary facilities in Brazoira County. More specifically, Freeport LNG would construct an LNG ship maneuvering area; a protected single berth unloading dock, equipped with three liquid unloading arms and one vapor return arm and mooring and breasting dolphins; a reconfigured storm protection levee and a permanent access road; two 26-inch-diameter double-walled stainless steel vacuum insulated LNG transfer lines and one 16-inch-diameter vapor return line; ancillary service pipelines; two double-walled LNG storage tanks, each with a nominal capacity of just over 1.0 million barrels (3.5 billion cubic feet of gas equivalent); six 3,240-gallon-per-minute (gpm) in-tank pumps; seven 2,315-gpm, high-pressure booster pumps; three boil-off gas compressors and a boil-off gas condensing system; six high-pressure LNG vaporizers using a primary closed-circuit water /glycol solution heated with 12 water/glycol boilers during cold weather and a set of intermediate heat exchangers using a secondary circulating water system heated by an air tower during warm weather, and circulation pumps for both systems; two natural gas superheaters and two fuel gas heaters; and a fire response system, a natural gas flare system, a construction dock, utilities, buildings, access roadways, and service facilities. The associated pipeline system in Brazoria County would consist of 9.6 miles of 36-inch-diameter natural gas pipeline extending from the LNG terminal to the proposed Stratton Ridge Meter Station as well as pig-launcher, pig-receiver, and metering facilities. In addition to Freeport LNG's proposal, this final EIS considers a No-Action Alternative and a postponed action alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The port terminal would provide facilities necessary to deliver imported LNG to shippers, including Dow Chemical Company, at the proposed Stratton Ridge Meter Station by 2007. The proposed facilities would re-vaporize up to 1.5 billion cubic feet per day of natural gas and transport the product to the Texas intrastate market. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Construction activities would affect 296 acres of land and water, including 188.2 acres to be developed for the LNG terminal and 107.8 acres to be developed for the pipeline system. Approximately 119.7 acres at the LNG terminal would be displaced by permanent facilities, the remainder being affected only by temporary construction areas. Following construction of the pipeline, approximately 41.4 acres, including 3.8 acres of grassland/pasture at the Stratton Ridge Meter Station, would be retained as permanent rights-of-way. Approximately 80.9 acres of wetlands would be affected, including 42.6 acres that would be permanently displaced. Approximately 201 acres of vegetation would be disturbed, including 103.3 acres that would be permanently displaced. The terminal facility would lie in an area affected by subsidence; measures would be taken to address this potential problem. Shoreline erosion problems in the area could be exacerbated by construction and operation of the terminal. Hydric soils present throughout the site and along the pipeline route would be replaced by upland soils. The pipeline would traverse four perennial waterbodies and two intermittent waterbodies. One residence would be relocated or demolished prior to the construction of the marine berth on Quintana Island, and 13 residences would lie within 50 feet of the construction work areas for the pipeline. A county boat ramp and the Xeriscape Park on the island would also be relocated. The LNG storage tanks and other LNG terminal facilities would impinge visually on the surrounding area. Thermal impacts of terminal operation could be significant. Cultural resource surveys have not yet been undertaken. LEGAL MANDATES: Department of Energy Organization Act of 1977 (P.L. 95-91), Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), Federal Power Act of 1920 (16 U.S.C. 791a et seq.), and Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 4601). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0125D, Volume 28, Number 2. JF - EPA number: 040254, 698 pages, May 25, 2004 PY - 2004 KW - Energy KW - Agency number: FERC/EIS-0164F KW - Cultural Resources KW - Dikes KW - Electric Power KW - Energy Storage KW - Erosion Control KW - Harbor Structures KW - Islands KW - Natural Gas KW - Parks KW - Pipelines KW - Pumping Plants KW - Recreation Facilities KW - Relocations-Property Acquisitions KW - Roads KW - Shores KW - Site Planning KW - Storage KW - Subsidence KW - Terminal Facilities KW - Vegetation KW - Visual Resources KW - Wetlands KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Quintana Island KW - Texas KW - Department of Energy Organization Act of 1977, Compliance KW - Federal Power Act of 1920, Licensing KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36437135?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=FREEPORT+LNG+PROJECT%2C+FREEPORT+LNG+DEVELOPMENT%2C+L.P.%2C+QUINTANA+ISLAND%2C+BRAZORIA+COUNTY%2C+TEXAS+%28DOCKET+NO.+CP03-75-000%29.&rft.title=FREEPORT+LNG+PROJECT%2C+FREEPORT+LNG+DEVELOPMENT%2C+L.P.%2C+QUINTANA+ISLAND%2C+BRAZORIA+COUNTY%2C+TEXAS+%28DOCKET+NO.+CP03-75-000%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Office of Energy Projects, Washington, District of Columbia; FERC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 25, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - FREEPORT LNG PROJECT, FREEPORT LNG DEVELOPMENT, L.P., QUINTANA ISLAND, BRAZORIA COUNTY, TEXAS (DOCKET NO. CP03-75-000). [Part 1 of 1] T2 - FREEPORT LNG PROJECT, FREEPORT LNG DEVELOPMENT, L.P., QUINTANA ISLAND, BRAZORIA COUNTY, TEXAS (DOCKET NO. CP03-75-000). AN - 36367339; 10807-040254_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The construction and operation of a liquefied natural gas (LNG) terminal facility on Quintana Island southeast of the city of Freeport in Brazoria County, Texas are proposed. Freeport LNG Development, L.P. proposes to construct and operate a new LNG import terminal, including an LNG tanker docking and unloading service facilities. In addition Freeport LNG would construct and operate a new natural gas pipeline and ancillary facilities in Brazoira County. More specifically, Freeport LNG would construct an LNG ship maneuvering area; a protected single berth unloading dock, equipped with three liquid unloading arms and one vapor return arm and mooring and breasting dolphins; a reconfigured storm protection levee and a permanent access road; two 26-inch-diameter double-walled stainless steel vacuum insulated LNG transfer lines and one 16-inch-diameter vapor return line; ancillary service pipelines; two double-walled LNG storage tanks, each with a nominal capacity of just over 1.0 million barrels (3.5 billion cubic feet of gas equivalent); six 3,240-gallon-per-minute (gpm) in-tank pumps; seven 2,315-gpm, high-pressure booster pumps; three boil-off gas compressors and a boil-off gas condensing system; six high-pressure LNG vaporizers using a primary closed-circuit water /glycol solution heated with 12 water/glycol boilers during cold weather and a set of intermediate heat exchangers using a secondary circulating water system heated by an air tower during warm weather, and circulation pumps for both systems; two natural gas superheaters and two fuel gas heaters; and a fire response system, a natural gas flare system, a construction dock, utilities, buildings, access roadways, and service facilities. The associated pipeline system in Brazoria County would consist of 9.6 miles of 36-inch-diameter natural gas pipeline extending from the LNG terminal to the proposed Stratton Ridge Meter Station as well as pig-launcher, pig-receiver, and metering facilities. In addition to Freeport LNG's proposal, this final EIS considers a No-Action Alternative and a postponed action alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The port terminal would provide facilities necessary to deliver imported LNG to shippers, including Dow Chemical Company, at the proposed Stratton Ridge Meter Station by 2007. The proposed facilities would re-vaporize up to 1.5 billion cubic feet per day of natural gas and transport the product to the Texas intrastate market. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Construction activities would affect 296 acres of land and water, including 188.2 acres to be developed for the LNG terminal and 107.8 acres to be developed for the pipeline system. Approximately 119.7 acres at the LNG terminal would be displaced by permanent facilities, the remainder being affected only by temporary construction areas. Following construction of the pipeline, approximately 41.4 acres, including 3.8 acres of grassland/pasture at the Stratton Ridge Meter Station, would be retained as permanent rights-of-way. Approximately 80.9 acres of wetlands would be affected, including 42.6 acres that would be permanently displaced. Approximately 201 acres of vegetation would be disturbed, including 103.3 acres that would be permanently displaced. The terminal facility would lie in an area affected by subsidence; measures would be taken to address this potential problem. Shoreline erosion problems in the area could be exacerbated by construction and operation of the terminal. Hydric soils present throughout the site and along the pipeline route would be replaced by upland soils. The pipeline would traverse four perennial waterbodies and two intermittent waterbodies. One residence would be relocated or demolished prior to the construction of the marine berth on Quintana Island, and 13 residences would lie within 50 feet of the construction work areas for the pipeline. A county boat ramp and the Xeriscape Park on the island would also be relocated. The LNG storage tanks and other LNG terminal facilities would impinge visually on the surrounding area. Thermal impacts of terminal operation could be significant. Cultural resource surveys have not yet been undertaken. LEGAL MANDATES: Department of Energy Organization Act of 1977 (P.L. 95-91), Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), Federal Power Act of 1920 (16 U.S.C. 791a et seq.), and Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 4601). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0125D, Volume 28, Number 2. JF - EPA number: 040254, 698 pages, May 25, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 1 KW - Energy KW - Agency number: FERC/EIS-0164F KW - Cultural Resources KW - Dikes KW - Electric Power KW - Energy Storage KW - Erosion Control KW - Harbor Structures KW - Islands KW - Natural Gas KW - Parks KW - Pipelines KW - Pumping Plants KW - Recreation Facilities KW - Relocations-Property Acquisitions KW - Roads KW - Shores KW - Site Planning KW - Storage KW - Subsidence KW - Terminal Facilities KW - Vegetation KW - Visual Resources KW - Wetlands KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Quintana Island KW - Texas KW - Department of Energy Organization Act of 1977, Compliance KW - Federal Power Act of 1920, Licensing KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36367339?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=FREEPORT+LNG+PROJECT%2C+FREEPORT+LNG+DEVELOPMENT%2C+L.P.%2C+QUINTANA+ISLAND%2C+BRAZORIA+COUNTY%2C+TEXAS+%28DOCKET+NO.+CP03-75-000%29.&rft.title=FREEPORT+LNG+PROJECT%2C+FREEPORT+LNG+DEVELOPMENT%2C+L.P.%2C+QUINTANA+ISLAND%2C+BRAZORIA+COUNTY%2C+TEXAS+%28DOCKET+NO.+CP03-75-000%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Office of Energy Projects, Washington, District of Columbia; FERC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 25, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - AMENDMENT 23 TO THE REEF FISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN TO SET VERMILION SNAPPER SUSTAINABLE FISHERIES ACT TARGETS AND THRESHOLDS AND TO ESTABLISH A PLAN TO END OVERFISHING AND REBUILD THE STOCK IN THE GULF OF MEXICO DRAFT SUPPLEMENT TO THE FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMACT STATEMENT OF AUGUST 1981). [Part 1 of 1] T2 - AMENDMENT 23 TO THE REEF FISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN TO SET VERMILION SNAPPER SUSTAINABLE FISHERIES ACT TARGETS AND THRESHOLDS AND TO ESTABLISH A PLAN TO END OVERFISHING AND REBUILD THE STOCK IN THE GULF OF MEXICO DRAFT SUPPLEMENT TO THE FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMACT STATEMENT OF AUGUST 1981). AN - 905874123; 10797-3_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The amendment of the reef fish fishery management plan for the Gulf of Mexico is proposed to set vermilion snapper sustainable fisheries act targets and thresholds and to establish a plan to end overfishing and rebuild the stock. U.S. fishery operators originate in Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas; 15 operators enter the fishery from outside the Gulf region. The Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Council defined maximum sustainable yield (MSY), optimum yield (OY), minimum stock size threshold (MSST), and maximum fishing mortality threshold (MFMT) for the vermilion snapper stock in its 1999 Generic Sustainable Fisheries Act Amendment. However, estimates of MSY, OY, and MSST proposed in that amendment were disapproved because they were not biomass based. Consequently, the Council is required to define biomass-based estimates of MST, OY, and MSST for the vermilion snapper stock. Additionally, the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) has determined that the Gulf vermilion snapper stock is overfished and experiencing continued overfishing. Vermilion snapper biomass was estimated to be 32 percent of the biomass associated with MSY in 2000 and is well below the default definition of MSST (75 percent of MSY) provided by the NMFS National Standard Guidelines. NMFS also concluded that the vermilion snapper stock experienced a fishing mortality rate in 1999 of nearly twice the rate of instantaneous fishing mortality that can produce MSY. Federal legislation requires that the Council prepare a plan to end overfishing and rebuild the stock within one year of its notice of October 30, 2003. This draft supplement to the final FMP EIS of August 1981 considers six rebuilding alternatives, six recreational fishery management alternatives, seven alternatives designed to achieve the required reduction in commercial harvest in order to rebuild the snapper stock; each set of alternatives includes a No Action Alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The Council's proposed plan would define biomass-based estimates of MSY, OY, and MSST for the vermilion snapper stock; modify, as needed, the definition of MFMT for vermilion snapper to incorporate the best available scientific information on the fishery; and establish a plan to end overfishing and rebuild the vermillion snapper stock to MSY consistent with federal requirements. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Lowering the allowable catch of vermilion snapper in the Gulf would result in short-term economic losses and limit recreational access to the fishery. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 80-0426D, Volume 4, Number 5, and 83-0550F, Volume 7, Number 10, respectively. JF - EPA number: 040243, 266 pages, May 20, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 1 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Conservation KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Corals KW - Reefs KW - Regulations KW - Alabama KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Texas KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/905874123?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=AMENDMENT+23+TO+THE+REEF+FISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+TO+SET+VERMILION+SNAPPER+SUSTAINABLE+FISHERIES+ACT+TARGETS+AND+THRESHOLDS+AND+TO+ESTABLISH+A+PLAN+TO+END+OVERFISHING+AND+REBUILD+THE+STOCK+IN+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+DRAFT+SUPPLEMENT+TO+THE+FINAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMACT+STATEMENT+OF+AUGUST+1981%29.&rft.title=AMENDMENT+23+TO+THE+REEF+FISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+TO+SET+VERMILION+SNAPPER+SUSTAINABLE+FISHERIES+ACT+TARGETS+AND+THRESHOLDS+AND+TO+ESTABLISH+A+PLAN+TO+END+OVERFISHING+AND+REBUILD+THE+STOCK+IN+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+DRAFT+SUPPLEMENT+TO+THE+FINAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMACT+STATEMENT+OF+AUGUST+1981%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, St. Petersburg, Florida; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: May 20, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Predicting the distribution of salmonid habitat in California AN - 39892445; 3852858 AU - Agrawal, A Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39892445?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Predicting+the+distribution+of+salmonid+habitat+in+California&rft.au=Agrawal%2C+A&rft.aulast=Agrawal&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Association of Geographers, 1710 Sixteenth Street NW, Washington, DC 20009-3198, USA; phone: 202-234-1450; fax: 202-234-2744; URL: www.aag.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Population change, 1990 to 2000, for metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas AN - 39892263; 3852736 AU - Mackun, P Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39892263?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Population+change%2C+1990+to+2000%2C+for+metropolitan+and+micropolitan+statistical+areas&rft.au=Mackun%2C+P&rft.aulast=Mackun&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Association of Geographers, 1710 Sixteenth Street NW, Washington, DC 20009-3198, USA; phone: 202-234-1450; fax: 202-234-2744; URL: www.aag.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Socioeconomic trends in coastal and non-coastal areas web site AN - 39887859; 3854330 AU - Pacheco, P Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39887859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Socioeconomic+trends+in+coastal+and+non-coastal+areas+web+site&rft.au=Pacheco%2C+P&rft.aulast=Pacheco&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Association of Geographers, 1710 Sixteenth Street NW, Washington, DC 20009-3198, USA; phone: 202-234-1450; fax: 202-234-2744; URL: www.aag.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Advances in understanding the global water cycle III posters AN - 39882460; 3844998 AU - Lawford, R AU - Entin, J AU - Avissar, R Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39882460?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Advances+in+understanding+the+global+water+cycle+III+posters&rft.au=Lawford%2C+R%3BEntin%2C+J%3BAvissar%2C+R&rft.aulast=Lawford&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W., Washington, DC 20009, USA; URL: www.agu.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Forcing of the high-latitude climate system by the stratosphere I AN - 39875778; 3848615 AU - Ramaswamy, V AU - Geller, MA Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39875778?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Forcing+of+the+high-latitude+climate+system+by+the+stratosphere+I&rft.au=Ramaswamy%2C+V%3BGeller%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Ramaswamy&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W., Washington, DC 20009, USA; URL: www.agu.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Clandestine genesis of GIS in red-lining maps AN - 39874523; 3846272 AU - Cloud, J Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39874523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Clandestine+genesis+of+GIS+in+red-lining+maps&rft.au=Cloud%2C+J&rft.aulast=Cloud&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Association of Geographers, 1710 Sixteenth Street NW, Washington, DC 20009-3198, USA; phone: 202-234-1450; fax: 202-234-2744; URL: www.aag.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Coarse screening techniques to investigate riparian disturbance in the Columbia River Basin AN - 39869203; 3846364 AU - Fullerton, AH AU - Beechie, T J AU - Baker, SE Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39869203?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Coarse+screening+techniques+to+investigate+riparian+disturbance+in+the+Columbia+River+Basin&rft.au=Fullerton%2C+AH%3BBeechie%2C+T+J%3BBaker%2C+SE&rft.aulast=Fullerton&rft.aufirst=AH&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: US Regional Association of the International Association for Landscape Ecology, URL: www.usiale.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Prototype 3D thinking-adventure game about ocean exploration AN - 39858280; 3853063 AU - Aguirre, R Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39858280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Prototype+3D+thinking-adventure+game+about+ocean+exploration&rft.au=Aguirre%2C+R&rft.aulast=Aguirre&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Association of Geographers, 1710 Sixteenth Street NW, Washington, DC 20009-3198, USA; phone: 202-234-1450; fax: 202-234-2744; URL: www.aag.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Advanced methods for probabilistic hydrometeorologic forecasting IV posters AN - 39856896; 3844977 AU - Demargne, J AU - Bradley, A Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39856896?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Advanced+methods+for+probabilistic+hydrometeorologic+forecasting+IV+posters&rft.au=Demargne%2C+J%3BBradley%2C+A&rft.aulast=Demargne&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W., Washington, DC 20009, USA; URL: www.agu.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Metropolitan-nonmetropolitan distribution of population change, natural increase, and net migration in the United States and Mexico AN - 39856486; 3851262 AU - Nucci, A Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39856486?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Metropolitan-nonmetropolitan+distribution+of+population+change%2C+natural+increase%2C+and+net+migration+in+the+United+States+and+Mexico&rft.au=Nucci%2C+A&rft.aulast=Nucci&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Association of Geographers, 1710 Sixteenth Street NW, Washington, DC 20009-3198, USA; phone: 202-234-1450; fax: 202-234-2744; URL: www.aag.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Where's the story? Selecting maps for the census atlas of the United States AN - 39855983; 3856064 AU - Suchan, T Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39855983?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Where%27s+the+story%3F+Selecting+maps+for+the+census+atlas+of+the+United+States&rft.au=Suchan%2C+T&rft.aulast=Suchan&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Association of Geographers, 1710 Sixteenth Street NW, Washington, DC 20009-3198, USA; phone: 202-234-1450; fax: 202-234-2744; URL: www.aag.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Intraseasonal to interannual climate variability alphabet soup: What is new, what is the PDO, and related questions? AN - 39848039; 3850372 AU - Livezey, R Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39848039?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Intraseasonal+to+interannual+climate+variability+alphabet+soup%3A+What+is+new%2C+what+is+the+PDO%2C+and+related+questions%3F&rft.au=Livezey%2C+R&rft.aulast=Livezey&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Association of Geographers, 1710 Sixteenth Street NW, Washington, DC 20009-3198, USA; phone: 202-234-1450; fax: 202-234-2744; URL: www.aag.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Assessing coastal vulnerabilities through the coastal risk atlas AN - 39844938; 3845413 AU - Stradtner, J Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39844938?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Assessing+coastal+vulnerabilities+through+the+coastal+risk+atlas&rft.au=Stradtner%2C+J&rft.aulast=Stradtner&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Association of Geographers, 1710 Sixteenth Street NW, Washington, DC 20009-3198, USA; phone: 202-234-1450; fax: 202-234-2744; URL: www.aag.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Current activities of the census bureau's national geographic partnership program AN - 39843655; 3846910 AU - Trainor, T Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39843655?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Current+activities+of+the+census+bureau%27s+national+geographic+partnership+program&rft.au=Trainor%2C+T&rft.aulast=Trainor&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Association of Geographers, 1710 Sixteenth Street NW, Washington, DC 20009-3198, USA; phone: 202-234-1450; fax: 202-234-2744; URL: www.aag.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Dissemination of oceanographic data for the Pacific via the WWW and visualizations AN - 39841007; 3847396 AU - Vance, T Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39841007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Dissemination+of+oceanographic+data+for+the+Pacific+via+the+WWW+and+visualizations&rft.au=Vance%2C+T&rft.aulast=Vance&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Association of Geographers, 1710 Sixteenth Street NW, Washington, DC 20009-3198, USA; phone: 202-234-1450; fax: 202-234-2744; URL: www.aag.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Advances in understanding the global water cycle II AN - 39840989; 3844997 AU - Lawford, R AU - Entin, J AU - Avissar, R Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39840989?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Advances+in+understanding+the+global+water+cycle+II&rft.au=Lawford%2C+R%3BEntin%2C+J%3BAvissar%2C+R&rft.aulast=Lawford&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W., Washington, DC 20009, USA; URL: www.agu.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Frontiers in atmospheric observations and their impacts: AIRS, AVHRR, HIAPER AN - 39834795; 3848719 AU - Rosenlof, KH AU - Aumann, H H Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39834795?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Frontiers+in+atmospheric+observations+and+their+impacts%3A+AIRS%2C+AVHRR%2C+HIAPER&rft.au=Rosenlof%2C+KH%3BAumann%2C+H+H&rft.aulast=Rosenlof&rft.aufirst=KH&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W., Washington, DC 20009, USA; URL: www.agu.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Recent updates to NOAA/NWS rainfall frequency atlases AN - 39834548; 3853304 AU - Bonnin, G Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39834548?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Recent+updates+to+NOAA%2FNWS+rainfall+frequency+atlases&rft.au=Bonnin%2C+G&rft.aulast=Bonnin&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Association of Geographers, 1710 Sixteenth Street NW, Washington, DC 20009-3198, USA; phone: 202-234-1450; fax: 202-234-2744; URL: www.aag.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Assessing coastal population change in the United States AN - 39827023; 3845412 AU - Franklin, R Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39827023?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Assessing+coastal+population+change+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Franklin%2C+R&rft.aulast=Franklin&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Association of Geographers, 1710 Sixteenth Street NW, Washington, DC 20009-3198, USA; phone: 202-234-1450; fax: 202-234-2744; URL: www.aag.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - National marine sanctuary applications for demographic and socioeconomic data AN - 39811297; 3851685 AU - Ehler, R Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39811297?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=National+marine+sanctuary+applications+for+demographic+and+socioeconomic+data&rft.au=Ehler%2C+R&rft.aulast=Ehler&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Association of Geographers, 1710 Sixteenth Street NW, Washington, DC 20009-3198, USA; phone: 202-234-1450; fax: 202-234-2744; URL: www.aag.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - North American monsoon: An opportunity for regional science to serve society AN - 39803702; 3851981 AU - Ray, A Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39803702?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=North+American+monsoon%3A+An+opportunity+for+regional+science+to+serve+society&rft.au=Ray%2C+A&rft.aulast=Ray&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Association of Geographers, 1710 Sixteenth Street NW, Washington, DC 20009-3198, USA; phone: 202-234-1450; fax: 202-234-2744; URL: www.aag.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Rural policy, planning, and local decision support: The American community survey AN - 39797038; 3853933 AU - Torrieri, N Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39797038?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Rural+policy%2C+planning%2C+and+local+decision+support%3A+The+American+community+survey&rft.au=Torrieri%2C+N&rft.aulast=Torrieri&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Association of Geographers, 1710 Sixteenth Street NW, Washington, DC 20009-3198, USA; phone: 202-234-1450; fax: 202-234-2744; URL: www.aag.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Canadian and U.S. Continental scale studies of hydrologic processes for GEWEX III AN - 39791811; 3845987 AU - Huang, J AU - Woo, M Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39791811?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Canadian+and+U.S.+Continental+scale+studies+of+hydrologic+processes+for+GEWEX+III&rft.au=Huang%2C+J%3BWoo%2C+M&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W., Washington, DC 20009, USA; URL: www.agu.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Advanced methods for probabilistic hydrometeorologic forecasting III AN - 39791723; 3844976 AU - Demargne, J AU - Pietroniro, A Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39791723?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Advanced+methods+for+probabilistic+hydrometeorologic+forecasting+III&rft.au=Demargne%2C+J%3BPietroniro%2C+A&rft.aulast=Demargne&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W., Washington, DC 20009, USA; URL: www.agu.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Forcing of the high-latitude climate system by the stratosphere III AN - 39784969; 3848617 AU - Ramaswamy, V AU - Baldwin, M P Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39784969?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Forcing+of+the+high-latitude+climate+system+by+the+stratosphere+III&rft.au=Ramaswamy%2C+V%3BBaldwin%2C+M+P&rft.aulast=Ramaswamy&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W., Washington, DC 20009, USA; URL: www.agu.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Barriers to migration fundamentally alter aquatic landscapes: Can models identify the best restoration opportunities? AN - 39779484; 3845644 AU - Steel, E A AU - Sheer, M B AU - Feist, B E AU - Pess, G R AU - Jensen, D AU - Bilby, R E Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39779484?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Barriers+to+migration+fundamentally+alter+aquatic+landscapes%3A+Can+models+identify+the+best+restoration+opportunities%3F&rft.au=Steel%2C+E+A%3BSheer%2C+M+B%3BFeist%2C+B+E%3BPess%2C+G+R%3BJensen%2C+D%3BBilby%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Steel&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: US Regional Association of the International Association for Landscape Ecology, URL: www.usiale.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Advances in the global ocean observing system AN - 39764644; 3844995 AU - Stanitski, D Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39764644?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Advances+in+the+global+ocean+observing+system&rft.au=Stanitski%2C+D&rft.aulast=Stanitski&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Association of Geographers, 1710 Sixteenth Street NW, Washington, DC 20009-3198, USA; phone: 202-234-1450; fax: 202-234-2744; URL: www.aag.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Georeferenced population data for humanitarian response: Verification and validation using landsat 7 imagery AN - 39759426; 3848976 AU - Rain, D Y1 - 2004/05/20/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 20 KW - CPI, Conference Papers Index KW - U 5500:Geoscience UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39759426?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Georeferenced+population+data+for+humanitarian+response%3A+Verification+and+validation+using+landsat+7+imagery&rft.au=Rain%2C+D&rft.aulast=Rain&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Availability: American Association of Geographers, 1710 Sixteenth Street NW, Washington, DC 20009-3198, USA; phone: 202-234-1450; fax: 202-234-2744; URL: www.aag.org N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-03 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - AMENDMENT 23 TO THE REEF FISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN TO SET VERMILION SNAPPER SUSTAINABLE FISHERIES ACT TARGETS AND THRESHOLDS AND TO ESTABLISH A PLAN TO END OVERFISHING AND REBUILD THE STOCK IN THE GULF OF MEXICO DRAFT SUPPLEMENT TO THE FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMACT STATEMENT OF AUGUST 1981). AN - 36410461; 10797 AB - PURPOSE: The amendment of the reef fish fishery management plan for the Gulf of Mexico is proposed to set vermilion snapper sustainable fisheries act targets and thresholds and to establish a plan to end overfishing and rebuild the stock. U.S. fishery operators originate in Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas; 15 operators enter the fishery from outside the Gulf region. The Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Council defined maximum sustainable yield (MSY), optimum yield (OY), minimum stock size threshold (MSST), and maximum fishing mortality threshold (MFMT) for the vermilion snapper stock in its 1999 Generic Sustainable Fisheries Act Amendment. However, estimates of MSY, OY, and MSST proposed in that amendment were disapproved because they were not biomass based. Consequently, the Council is required to define biomass-based estimates of MST, OY, and MSST for the vermilion snapper stock. Additionally, the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) has determined that the Gulf vermilion snapper stock is overfished and experiencing continued overfishing. Vermilion snapper biomass was estimated to be 32 percent of the biomass associated with MSY in 2000 and is well below the default definition of MSST (75 percent of MSY) provided by the NMFS National Standard Guidelines. NMFS also concluded that the vermilion snapper stock experienced a fishing mortality rate in 1999 of nearly twice the rate of instantaneous fishing mortality that can produce MSY. Federal legislation requires that the Council prepare a plan to end overfishing and rebuild the stock within one year of its notice of October 30, 2003. This draft supplement to the final FMP EIS of August 1981 considers six rebuilding alternatives, six recreational fishery management alternatives, seven alternatives designed to achieve the required reduction in commercial harvest in order to rebuild the snapper stock; each set of alternatives includes a No Action Alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The Council's proposed plan would define biomass-based estimates of MSY, OY, and MSST for the vermilion snapper stock; modify, as needed, the definition of MFMT for vermilion snapper to incorporate the best available scientific information on the fishery; and establish a plan to end overfishing and rebuild the vermillion snapper stock to MSY consistent with federal requirements. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Lowering the allowable catch of vermilion snapper in the Gulf would result in short-term economic losses and limit recreational access to the fishery. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 80-0426D, Volume 4, Number 5, and 83-0550F, Volume 7, Number 10, respectively. JF - EPA number: 040243, 266 pages, May 20, 2004 PY - 2004 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Conservation KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Corals KW - Reefs KW - Regulations KW - Alabama KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Texas KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36410461?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=AMENDMENT+23+TO+THE+REEF+FISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+TO+SET+VERMILION+SNAPPER+SUSTAINABLE+FISHERIES+ACT+TARGETS+AND+THRESHOLDS+AND+TO+ESTABLISH+A+PLAN+TO+END+OVERFISHING+AND+REBUILD+THE+STOCK+IN+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+DRAFT+SUPPLEMENT+TO+THE+FINAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMACT+STATEMENT+OF+AUGUST+1981%29.&rft.title=AMENDMENT+23+TO+THE+REEF+FISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+TO+SET+VERMILION+SNAPPER+SUSTAINABLE+FISHERIES+ACT+TARGETS+AND+THRESHOLDS+AND+TO+ESTABLISH+A+PLAN+TO+END+OVERFISHING+AND+REBUILD+THE+STOCK+IN+THE+GULF+OF+MEXICO+DRAFT+SUPPLEMENT+TO+THE+FINAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMACT+STATEMENT+OF+AUGUST+1981%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, St. Petersburg, Florida; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: May 20, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - BANKS LAKE DRAWDOWN, DOUGLAS AND GRANT COUNTIES, WASHINGTON. [Part 2 of 3] T2 - BANKS LAKE DRAWDOWN, DOUGLAS AND GRANT COUNTIES, WASHINGTON. AN - 36391590; 10798-040244_0002 AB - PURPOSE: The implementation of a plan to drawdown Banks Lake in Douglas and Grant counties, Washington is proposed. The proposal would result in a drawdown of the lake surface elevation from 1,565 feet to 1,560 feet in August of each year. On September 1 of each year, the water level would begin to be increased, with an elevation of 1,570 feet being reached no later than September 22. The action is needed to increase the probability of meeting flow objectives in the Columbia River at McNary Dam during out-migration of federally protected salmonid stock. The drawdown would provide an additional 127,200 acre-feet of water for this purpose. Issues addressed during scoping include those associated with lake elevations, irrigation deliveries, fish and wildlife habitat, threatened and endangered species, recreation resources, public safety, cultural resources, and economics, with particular respect to the local economy and hydropower generation. In addition to the drawdown alternative, this final EIS considers a No Action Alternative, resulting in an August surface elevation at the lake of between 1,565 and 1,570 feet. Each alternative includes four potential operational scenarios that could occur within their respective ranges. The No Action Alternative has been selected as the preferred alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Under the action alternative, the drawdown would help ensure at least a minimum downstream flow level for out-migrating salmonids; fish prey could become more available to bald eagles. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Under the action alternative, severe water fluctuations during drawdowns and returns to normal pool elevation would result in damage to vegetation and the associated wildlife habitat and the distribution and abundance of fish and wildlife in the vicinity of the reservoir could be affected. Drawdowns would also affect recreational access and, thereby, recreation-based businesses. Habitat for the federally protected bald eagle and pygmy rabbit would be affected as well. The action alternative would result in annual hydroelectric energy generation losses of 8,000 megawatt-hours (MWh); net power generation losses would range from 812 to 1,695 MWh annually. Surface water quality could be affected by increases in thermal mixing during drawdowns, and groundwater levels could drop during these periods. Drawdown under the preferred alternative would result in mudflats covering 2,500 acres, while the No Action Alternative would only expose 1,300 acres. Under either alternative, up to 12 boat launches would be exposed and rendered unusable during the recreational season. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 03-0243D, Volume 27, Number 2. JF - EPA number: 040244, Final EIS--271 pages and maps, Comments and Responses--621 pages, May 20, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 2 KW - Water KW - Agency number: DES 01-51 KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Electric Generators KW - Electric Power KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fish KW - Hydrologic Assessments KW - Lakes KW - Recreation Facilities KW - Recreation Resources KW - Reservoirs KW - Rivers KW - Safety KW - Visual Resources KW - Water Quality KW - Wildlife Surveys KW - Banks Lake KW - Columbia River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36391590?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=BANKS+LAKE+DRAWDOWN%2C+DOUGLAS+AND+GRANT+COUNTIES%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=BANKS+LAKE+DRAWDOWN%2C+DOUGLAS+AND+GRANT+COUNTIES%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Boise, Idaho; DOI N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 20, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - BANKS LAKE DRAWDOWN, DOUGLAS AND GRANT COUNTIES, WASHINGTON. [Part 3 of 3] T2 - BANKS LAKE DRAWDOWN, DOUGLAS AND GRANT COUNTIES, WASHINGTON. AN - 36386392; 10798-040244_0003 AB - PURPOSE: The implementation of a plan to drawdown Banks Lake in Douglas and Grant counties, Washington is proposed. The proposal would result in a drawdown of the lake surface elevation from 1,565 feet to 1,560 feet in August of each year. On September 1 of each year, the water level would begin to be increased, with an elevation of 1,570 feet being reached no later than September 22. The action is needed to increase the probability of meeting flow objectives in the Columbia River at McNary Dam during out-migration of federally protected salmonid stock. The drawdown would provide an additional 127,200 acre-feet of water for this purpose. Issues addressed during scoping include those associated with lake elevations, irrigation deliveries, fish and wildlife habitat, threatened and endangered species, recreation resources, public safety, cultural resources, and economics, with particular respect to the local economy and hydropower generation. In addition to the drawdown alternative, this final EIS considers a No Action Alternative, resulting in an August surface elevation at the lake of between 1,565 and 1,570 feet. Each alternative includes four potential operational scenarios that could occur within their respective ranges. The No Action Alternative has been selected as the preferred alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Under the action alternative, the drawdown would help ensure at least a minimum downstream flow level for out-migrating salmonids; fish prey could become more available to bald eagles. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Under the action alternative, severe water fluctuations during drawdowns and returns to normal pool elevation would result in damage to vegetation and the associated wildlife habitat and the distribution and abundance of fish and wildlife in the vicinity of the reservoir could be affected. Drawdowns would also affect recreational access and, thereby, recreation-based businesses. Habitat for the federally protected bald eagle and pygmy rabbit would be affected as well. The action alternative would result in annual hydroelectric energy generation losses of 8,000 megawatt-hours (MWh); net power generation losses would range from 812 to 1,695 MWh annually. Surface water quality could be affected by increases in thermal mixing during drawdowns, and groundwater levels could drop during these periods. Drawdown under the preferred alternative would result in mudflats covering 2,500 acres, while the No Action Alternative would only expose 1,300 acres. Under either alternative, up to 12 boat launches would be exposed and rendered unusable during the recreational season. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 03-0243D, Volume 27, Number 2. JF - EPA number: 040244, Final EIS--271 pages and maps, Comments and Responses--621 pages, May 20, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 3 KW - Water KW - Agency number: DES 01-51 KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Electric Generators KW - Electric Power KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fish KW - Hydrologic Assessments KW - Lakes KW - Recreation Facilities KW - Recreation Resources KW - Reservoirs KW - Rivers KW - Safety KW - Visual Resources KW - Water Quality KW - Wildlife Surveys KW - Banks Lake KW - Columbia River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36386392?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=BANKS+LAKE+DRAWDOWN%2C+DOUGLAS+AND+GRANT+COUNTIES%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=BANKS+LAKE+DRAWDOWN%2C+DOUGLAS+AND+GRANT+COUNTIES%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Boise, Idaho; DOI N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 20, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - BANKS LAKE DRAWDOWN, DOUGLAS AND GRANT COUNTIES, WASHINGTON. [Part 1 of 3] T2 - BANKS LAKE DRAWDOWN, DOUGLAS AND GRANT COUNTIES, WASHINGTON. AN - 36386357; 10798-040244_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The implementation of a plan to drawdown Banks Lake in Douglas and Grant counties, Washington is proposed. The proposal would result in a drawdown of the lake surface elevation from 1,565 feet to 1,560 feet in August of each year. On September 1 of each year, the water level would begin to be increased, with an elevation of 1,570 feet being reached no later than September 22. The action is needed to increase the probability of meeting flow objectives in the Columbia River at McNary Dam during out-migration of federally protected salmonid stock. The drawdown would provide an additional 127,200 acre-feet of water for this purpose. Issues addressed during scoping include those associated with lake elevations, irrigation deliveries, fish and wildlife habitat, threatened and endangered species, recreation resources, public safety, cultural resources, and economics, with particular respect to the local economy and hydropower generation. In addition to the drawdown alternative, this final EIS considers a No Action Alternative, resulting in an August surface elevation at the lake of between 1,565 and 1,570 feet. Each alternative includes four potential operational scenarios that could occur within their respective ranges. The No Action Alternative has been selected as the preferred alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Under the action alternative, the drawdown would help ensure at least a minimum downstream flow level for out-migrating salmonids; fish prey could become more available to bald eagles. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Under the action alternative, severe water fluctuations during drawdowns and returns to normal pool elevation would result in damage to vegetation and the associated wildlife habitat and the distribution and abundance of fish and wildlife in the vicinity of the reservoir could be affected. Drawdowns would also affect recreational access and, thereby, recreation-based businesses. Habitat for the federally protected bald eagle and pygmy rabbit would be affected as well. The action alternative would result in annual hydroelectric energy generation losses of 8,000 megawatt-hours (MWh); net power generation losses would range from 812 to 1,695 MWh annually. Surface water quality could be affected by increases in thermal mixing during drawdowns, and groundwater levels could drop during these periods. Drawdown under the preferred alternative would result in mudflats covering 2,500 acres, while the No Action Alternative would only expose 1,300 acres. Under either alternative, up to 12 boat launches would be exposed and rendered unusable during the recreational season. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 03-0243D, Volume 27, Number 2. JF - EPA number: 040244, Final EIS--271 pages and maps, Comments and Responses--621 pages, May 20, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 1 KW - Water KW - Agency number: DES 01-51 KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Electric Generators KW - Electric Power KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fish KW - Hydrologic Assessments KW - Lakes KW - Recreation Facilities KW - Recreation Resources KW - Reservoirs KW - Rivers KW - Safety KW - Visual Resources KW - Water Quality KW - Wildlife Surveys KW - Banks Lake KW - Columbia River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36386357?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=BANKS+LAKE+DRAWDOWN%2C+DOUGLAS+AND+GRANT+COUNTIES%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=BANKS+LAKE+DRAWDOWN%2C+DOUGLAS+AND+GRANT+COUNTIES%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Boise, Idaho; DOI N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 20, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - BANKS LAKE DRAWDOWN, DOUGLAS AND GRANT COUNTIES, WASHINGTON. AN - 16361041; 10798 AB - PURPOSE: The implementation of a plan to drawdown Banks Lake in Douglas and Grant counties, Washington is proposed. The proposal would result in a drawdown of the lake surface elevation from 1,565 feet to 1,560 feet in August of each year. On September 1 of each year, the water level would begin to be increased, with an elevation of 1,570 feet being reached no later than September 22. The action is needed to increase the probability of meeting flow objectives in the Columbia River at McNary Dam during out-migration of federally protected salmonid stock. The drawdown would provide an additional 127,200 acre-feet of water for this purpose. Issues addressed during scoping include those associated with lake elevations, irrigation deliveries, fish and wildlife habitat, threatened and endangered species, recreation resources, public safety, cultural resources, and economics, with particular respect to the local economy and hydropower generation. In addition to the drawdown alternative, this final EIS considers a No Action Alternative, resulting in an August surface elevation at the lake of between 1,565 and 1,570 feet. Each alternative includes four potential operational scenarios that could occur within their respective ranges. The No Action Alternative has been selected as the preferred alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Under the action alternative, the drawdown would help ensure at least a minimum downstream flow level for out-migrating salmonids; fish prey could become more available to bald eagles. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Under the action alternative, severe water fluctuations during drawdowns and returns to normal pool elevation would result in damage to vegetation and the associated wildlife habitat and the distribution and abundance of fish and wildlife in the vicinity of the reservoir could be affected. Drawdowns would also affect recreational access and, thereby, recreation-based businesses. Habitat for the federally protected bald eagle and pygmy rabbit would be affected as well. The action alternative would result in annual hydroelectric energy generation losses of 8,000 megawatt-hours (MWh); net power generation losses would range from 812 to 1,695 MWh annually. Surface water quality could be affected by increases in thermal mixing during drawdowns, and groundwater levels could drop during these periods. Drawdown under the preferred alternative would result in mudflats covering 2,500 acres, while the No Action Alternative would only expose 1,300 acres. Under either alternative, up to 12 boat launches would be exposed and rendered unusable during the recreational season. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 03-0243D, Volume 27, Number 2. JF - EPA number: 040244, Final EIS--271 pages and maps, Comments and Responses--621 pages, May 20, 2004 PY - 2004 KW - Water KW - Agency number: DES 01-51 KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Electric Generators KW - Electric Power KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fish KW - Hydrologic Assessments KW - Lakes KW - Recreation Facilities KW - Recreation Resources KW - Reservoirs KW - Rivers KW - Safety KW - Visual Resources KW - Water Quality KW - Wildlife Surveys KW - Banks Lake KW - Columbia River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16361041?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-05-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=BANKS+LAKE+DRAWDOWN%2C+DOUGLAS+AND+GRANT+COUNTIES%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=BANKS+LAKE+DRAWDOWN%2C+DOUGLAS+AND+GRANT+COUNTIES%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Boise, Idaho; DOI N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 20, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical Composition of the Uranium Tail Storages at Kadji-Sai (Southern Shore of Issyk-Kul Lake, Kyrgyzstan) AN - 759317246; 13727047 AB - In 1996, an abandoned uranium mine was re-discovered in the Djilubulak ephemeral stream valley on the southern shore of Issyk-Kul - one of the largest and most pristine lakes in the world. The tail storages from the past mining may pose a pollution hazard to the lake water and sediments. A chain of six protective pools interconnected by drain pipes descend from the abandoned mine and processing plant down the Djilubulak stream valley. To assess the effectiveness of these catch pools and the scale of pollution risk the investigation of tail storages composition was performed. As a result, three sources of anomalous radioactivity were discovered: 1. Natural brown coal with the mean total radioactivity value not exceeding 16 kBq kg super(-1), with U being in state of equilibrium with Ra. 2. Ashes depleted in U (relative to Ra) with the mean radioactivity reaching 49 kBq kg super(-1), mostly due to the Ra content. 3. Clay and silt from the artificial protective pools where U activity (up to 2--2.5 kBq kg super(-1)) significantly exceeds that of Ra indicating recent process of U enrichment. Uranium in these pools is accompanied by very high contents of heavy metals such as Cu, Zn, Cd, Ni, Cr, and to a smaller degree Pb, Mo, Hg, Ag. From the upper catch pool to the lower ones the content of U and some heavy metals diminishes. Within the two lowest pools neither U nor heavy metal contents exceed background values (U < 0.1 kBq kg super(-1)). It appears that the system of catch pools effectively protects Lake Issyk-Kul from inorganic pollutants at the present time. However, a flash flood or other catastrophic event could breach the catch pool dams and carry radioactive elements and heavy metals into the Djilubulak stream valley and the lake. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Gavshin, V M AU - Sukhorukov, F V AU - Bobrov, V A AU - Melgunov AU - Miroshnichenko, LV AU - Klerkx, J AU - Kovalev, SI AU - Romashkin, P A AD - United Institute of Geology, Geophysics and Mineralogy, Novosibirsk, Russia, pavel.romashkin@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 71 EP - 83 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 154 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - shores KW - Flash floods KW - Kyrgyzstan KW - Plant protection KW - Heavy metals KW - Pools KW - Copper KW - Freshwater KW - Lead KW - Lakes KW - Cadmium KW - heavy metals KW - Freshwater pollution KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Chromium KW - valleys KW - Mines KW - River valleys KW - Ashes KW - Storage KW - Mining KW - Shores KW - Coal KW - Streams KW - Clays KW - Pollutants KW - Floods KW - Dams KW - Uranium KW - Zinc KW - Drains KW - Radioactivity KW - catches KW - Tails KW - Heavy Metals KW - Sediments KW - Water pollution KW - Soil pollution KW - Air pollution KW - Dam control KW - X 24390:Radioactive Materials KW - Q2 09264:Sediments and sedimentation KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/759317246?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Chemical+Composition+of+the+Uranium+Tail+Storages+at+Kadji-Sai+%28Southern+Shore+of+Issyk-Kul+Lake%2C+Kyrgyzstan%29&rft.au=Gavshin%2C+V+M%3BSukhorukov%2C+F+V%3BBobrov%2C+V+A%3BMelgunov%3BMiroshnichenko%2C+LV%3BKlerkx%2C+J%3BKovalev%2C+SI%3BRomashkin%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Gavshin&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=154&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FB%3AWATE.0000022929.61233.84 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Dams; Heavy metals; Uranium; Coal; Radioactivity; River valleys; Water pollution; Freshwater pollution; Chromium; Plant protection; Tails; Shores; Copper; Mines; Ashes; Streams; Sediments; Lead; Clays; Soil pollution; Lakes; Pollutants; Floods; Zinc; Drains; Cadmium; Mining; Flash floods; Dam control; Atmospheric pollution; shores; Storage; catches; valleys; heavy metals; Pools; Heavy Metals; Kyrgyzstan; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:WATE.0000022929.61233.84 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Standards development of global warming gas species: methane, nitrous oxide, trichlorofluoromethane, and dichlorodifluoromethane. AN - 72002139; 15180066 AB - Environmental scientists from federal agencies, such as the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and academia have long suspected that increasing anthropogenic inputs of various trace gases into the atmosphere can cause changes in the earth's climate and protective ozone layer. Nitrous oxide and methane, cited in the Kyoto Protocol, as well astrichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11) and dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12), cited in the Montreal Protocol, are all greenhouse gases and are implicated in the destruction of the stratospheric ozone layer. The lack of national standards prompted research to determine the feasibility of preparing accurate and stable standards containing these four compounds. Development of these standards would support the measurement of these species by those in the atmospheric research community not having their own source of standards. A suite of eight primary gas standards containing methane, nitrous oxide, CFC-11, and CFC-12 in a balance of air were prepared gravimetrically to bracket the ambient atmospheric concentrations. The combined uncertainties (uc) were calculated from error propagation analysis that included the weighing data from the gravimetric preparation and other sources of error such as the purity analysis of the compounds and air matrix. The expanded uncertainties (U) for the gravimetric standards were < 0.5% as calculated from the equation U = kuc, where the coverage factor k is equal to 2 for a 95% confidence interval. Analyses of the suite of standards by gas chromatography with flame-ionization and electron capture detection resulted in average absolute residuals of < 0.25% from regression models. The NIST suite of eight gravimetric standards was used to determine the concentrations in two standardsfrom NOAA. Those analyses resulted in bias across the two laboratories of < or = 2.1%. JF - Environmental science & technology AU - Rhoderick, George C AU - Dorko, William D AD - National Institute of Standards and Technology, Analytical Chemistry Division, 100 Bureau Drive, Building 227/Room B120, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-8393, USA. george.rhoderick@nist.gov Y1 - 2004/05/01/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 May 01 SP - 2685 EP - 2692 VL - 38 IS - 9 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Chlorofluorocarbons, Methane KW - trichlorofluoromethane KW - 990TYB331R KW - Nitrous Oxide KW - K50XQU1029 KW - dichlorodifluoromethane KW - OFM06SG1KO KW - Methane KW - OP0UW79H66 KW - Index Medicus KW - Reference Values KW - International Cooperation KW - Chromatography, Gas KW - Chemistry Techniques, Analytical -- standards KW - Chlorofluorocarbons, Methane -- analysis KW - Methane -- analysis KW - Greenhouse Effect KW - Environmental Monitoring -- standards KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Nitrous Oxide -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/72002139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.atitle=Standards+development+of+global+warming+gas+species%3A+methane%2C+nitrous+oxide%2C+trichlorofluoromethane%2C+and+dichlorodifluoromethane.&rft.au=Rhoderick%2C+George+C%3BDorko%2C+William+D&rft.aulast=Rhoderick&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2685&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+science+%26+technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-08-23 N1 - Date created - 2004-06-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Time-dependent lethal body residues for the toxicity of pentachlorobenzene to Hyalella azteca. AN - 71996918; 15180388 AB - The study examined the temporal response of Hyalella azteca to pentachlorobenzene (PCBZ) in water-only exposures. Toxicity was evaluated by calculating the body residue of PCBZ associated with survival. The concentration of PCBZ in the tissues of H. azteca associated with 50% mortality decreased from 3 to 0.5 micromol/g over the temporal range of 1 to 28 d, respectively. No significant difference was observed in the body residue calculated for 50% mortality when the value was determined using live or dead organisms. Metabolism of PCBZ was not responsible for the temporal response because no detectable PCBZ biotransformation occurred over an exposure period of 10 d. A damage assessment model was used to evaluate the impact and repair of damage by PCBZ on H. azteca. The toxicokinetics were determined so that the temporal toxicity data could be fit to a damage assessment model. The half-life calculated for the elimination of PCBZ averaged approximately 49 h, while the value determined for the half-life of damage repair from the damage assessment model was 33 h. JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry AU - Landrum, Peter F AU - Steevens, Jeffery A AU - Gossiaux, Duane C AU - McElroy, Michael AU - Robinson, Sander AU - Begnoche, Linda AU - Chernyak, Sergei AU - Hickey, James AD - Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, USA. peter.landrum@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 1335 EP - 1343 VL - 23 IS - 5 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Chlorobenzenes KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - pentachlorobenzene KW - D62GWO6832 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mortality KW - Animals KW - Half-Life KW - Biotransformation KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Time Factors KW - Risk Assessment KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Chlorobenzenes -- toxicity KW - Chlorobenzenes -- metabolism KW - Amphipoda -- metabolism KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Amphipoda -- physiology KW - Amphipoda -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71996918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.atitle=Time-dependent+lethal+body+residues+for+the+toxicity+of+pentachlorobenzene+to+Hyalella+azteca.&rft.au=Landrum%2C+Peter+F%3BSteevens%2C+Jeffery+A%3BGossiaux%2C+Duane+C%3BMcElroy%2C+Michael%3BRobinson%2C+Sander%3BBegnoche%2C+Linda%3BChernyak%2C+Sergei%3BHickey%2C+James&rft.aulast=Landrum&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1335&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+toxicology+and+chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-08-23 N1 - Date created - 2004-06-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Making chlorine greener: investigation of alternatives to sulfite for dechlorination. AN - 71957714; 15159154 AB - Inorganic and organic chloramines pose a threat to aquatic ecosystems that are exposed to discharges of treated and disinfected wastewater. Conventionally practiced dechlorination with sulfite reduces the most refractory organic chloramines too slowly to produce wastewater effluents that meet current ecosystem protection criteria in the United States (i.e. total residual chlorine < or =0.011mg Cl(2)/L in freshwaters). Seeking faster dechlorinating agents, we have measured the rates that four test chloramines (NH(2)Cl, N-Cl-piperidine, N-Cl-leucylalanine and N-Cl-alanylalanine) react with 10 selected reducing agents at pH 7.4 and pH 8.4. The aqueous-phase reducing agents that offer speed advantages over sulfite alone include dithionite, thiosulfate, and iodide-mediated sulfite. Ascorbic acid was the most reactive of the sulfur-free agents but was found to be slow relative to sulfite. The potential biological oxygen demand might constrain the choice of aqueous reductants. Metallic iron is shown to reduce inorganic and organic chloramines effectively. The implications of these results for wastewater chlorine reduction and analysis are discussed. JF - Water research AU - Bedner, Mary AU - MacCrehan, William A AU - Helz, George R AD - Analytical Chemistry Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA. Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 2505 EP - 2514 VL - 38 IS - 10 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - Chloramines KW - 0 KW - Disinfectants KW - Sulfites KW - Thiosulfates KW - Chlorine KW - 4R7X1O2820 KW - Iron KW - E1UOL152H7 KW - Ascorbic Acid KW - PQ6CK8PD0R KW - Index Medicus KW - Water Supply -- analysis KW - Half-Life KW - Waste Disposal, Fluid KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Iron -- chemistry KW - Thiosulfates -- analysis KW - Ascorbic Acid -- chemistry KW - Time Factors KW - Chlorine -- analysis KW - Sulfites -- chemistry KW - Water Purification -- methods KW - Disinfectants -- analysis KW - Chlorine -- chemistry KW - Chloramines -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/71957714?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Implementation+of+Noah+land+surface+model+advances+in+the+National+Centers+for+Environmental+Prediction+operational+mesoscale+Eta+model&rft.au=Ek%2C+Michael+B%3BMitchell%2C+Kenneth+E%3BLin%2C+Ying%3BRogers%2C+Eric%3BGrunmann%2C+Pablo%3BKoren%2C+Victor%3BGayno%2C+George%3BTarpley%2C+J+Dan%3BRobock%2C+Alan&rft.aulast=Ek&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=D22&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2002JD003296 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-10-01 N1 - Date created - 2004-05-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Evidence from Census 2000 about Earnings by Detailed Occupation for Men and Women. Census 2000 Special Reports. CENSR-15. AN - 62116901; ED484415 AB - This report looks at the distribution of earnings by occupation for all workers and separately for men and women as reported on the Census 2000 long form. Earnings include wages, salaries, and self-employment income (see Text Box: What is "Earnings"? for more details). Whereas income questions have been asked on the decennial census only since 1940, occupation questions have been asked since 1850. Census 2000 classified occupations into 509 categories, including four special codes for uniquely military occupations, based on the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification which contains 821 detailed occupations (see Text Box: What is the Standard Occupational Classification?). This report also concentrates on year-round, full-time workers in the civilian labor force 16 years of age or older. (Contains 46 footnotes.) AU - Weinberg, Daniel H. Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 28 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Policymakers KW - Adult Education KW - Demography KW - Citizenship KW - Occupational Clusters KW - Classification KW - Individual Differences KW - Socioeconomic Status KW - Employees KW - Educational Attainment KW - Occupations KW - Income UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62116901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aeric&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Evidence+from+Census+2000+about+Earnings+by+Detailed+Occupation+for+Men+and+Women.+Census+2000+Special+Reports.+CENSR-15.&rft.au=Weinberg%2C+Daniel+H.&rft.aulast=Weinberg&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Self-Care: Why Do Parents Leave Their Children Unsupervised? AN - 60517595; 200510640 AB - We used a preferences-&-constraints model to develop four hypotheses to explain why parents may choose self-care (an unsupervised arrangement) as the primary child care arrangement for their children over supervised alternatives & tested them in a multivariate framework using 1995 data from the Survey of Income & Program Participation. We found that the choice of self-care over supervised care alternatives is linked to the availability of parents' time to care for children, the child's level of responsibility & maturity, & the neighborhood context. However we found no evidence that parents' ability to pay for child care is related to the choice of self-care. The results also suggest that parents use different decision-making processes, depending on their children's ages. 4 Tables, 33 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Demography AU - Casper, Lynne M AU - Smith, Kristin E AD - c/o Smith -- Population Division, US Census Bureau, Washington, DC Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 285 EP - 301 VL - 41 IS - 2 SN - 0070-3370, 0070-3370 KW - Decision Making KW - Children KW - Parents KW - Child Care Services KW - article KW - 1941: the family and socialization; sociology of the family, marriage, & divorce UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/60517595?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Demography&rft.atitle=Self-Care%3A+Why+Do+Parents+Leave+Their+Children+Unsupervised%3F&rft.au=Casper%2C+Lynne+M%3BSmith%2C+Kristin+E&rft.aulast=Casper&rft.aufirst=Lynne&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Demography&rft.issn=00703370&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Parents; Children; Decision Making; Child Care Services ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Climate prediction center global monthly soil moisture data set at 0.5 degrees resolution for 1948 to present AN - 51808123; 2004-064194 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Fan, Yun AU - van den Dool, Huug Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 8 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 109 IS - D10 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - soils KW - moisture KW - global KW - prediction KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - water balance KW - climate change KW - monsoons KW - evaporation KW - El Nino Southern Oscillation KW - runoff KW - water content KW - meteorology KW - climate KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51808123?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Climate+prediction+center+global+monthly+soil+moisture+data+set+at+0.5+degrees+resolution+for+1948+to+present&rft.au=Fan%2C+Yun%3Bvan+den+Dool%2C+Huug&rft.aulast=Fan&rft.aufirst=Yun&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=D10&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003JD004345 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; climate; climate change; El Nino Southern Oscillation; evaporation; global; meteorology; moisture; monsoons; prediction; runoff; soils; water balance; water content DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JD004345 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Magnitude and origin of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and dichlorodiphenyltrichlorethane (DDT) compounds resuspended in southern Lake Michigan AN - 51741077; 2005-021650 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Hornbuckle, Keri C AU - Smith, Gretchen L AU - Miller, Sondra M AU - Eadie, Brian J AU - Lansing, Margaret B Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 10 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 109 IS - C5 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - North America KW - insecticides KW - concentration KW - principal components analysis KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - PCBs KW - pollution KW - suspended materials KW - organochlorine pesticides KW - provenance KW - organic compounds KW - Lake Michigan KW - DDT KW - southern Lake Michigan KW - sediments KW - lacustrine environment KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes KW - bathymetry KW - pesticides KW - lake sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51741077?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Magnitude+and+origin+of+polychlorinated+biphenyl+%28PCB%29+and+dichlorodiphenyltrichlorethane+%28DDT%29+compounds+resuspended+in+southern+Lake+Michigan&rft.au=Hornbuckle%2C+Keri+C%3BSmith%2C+Gretchen+L%3BMiller%2C+Sondra+M%3BEadie%2C+Brian+J%3BLansing%2C+Margaret+B&rft.aulast=Hornbuckle&rft.aufirst=Keri&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=C5&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003JC001917 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bathymetry; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; DDT; Great Lakes; halogenated hydrocarbons; insecticides; lacustrine environment; Lake Michigan; lake sediments; North America; organic compounds; organochlorine pesticides; PCBs; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; principal components analysis; provenance; sediments; southern Lake Michigan; statistical analysis; suspended materials DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JC001917 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Century-scale change in water availability; CO (sub 2) -quadrupling experiment AN - 51690469; 2005-054848 JF - Climatic Change AU - Manabe, S AU - Wetherald, R T AU - Milly, P C D AU - Delworth, T L AU - Stouffer, R J Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 59 EP - 76 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 64 IS - 1-2 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - water KW - hydrology KW - general circulation models KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - finite difference analysis KW - global KW - rivers and streams KW - prediction KW - coupling KW - atmosphere KW - carbon dioxide KW - motions KW - runoff KW - latitude KW - discharge KW - water resources KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51690469?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Century-scale+change+in+water+availability%3B+CO+%28sub+2%29+-quadrupling+experiment&rft.au=Manabe%2C+S%3BWetherald%2C+R+T%3BMilly%2C+P+C+D%3BDelworth%2C+T+L%3BStouffer%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Manabe&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hc4pmh453vbxpeaygjkevi45)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100247,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCHDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; carbon dioxide; coupling; discharge; experimental studies; finite difference analysis; general circulation models; global; hydrology; latitude; motions; numerical models; prediction; rivers and streams; runoff; water; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial and temporal trends in surface water and sediment contamination in the Laurentian Great Lakes AN - 51407148; 2007-069710 AB - Data from recent sediment and surface water surveys have been collated and mapped to illustrate the spatial distribution of contaminants across the entire Great Lakes basin. Information from historical surveys, together with data from surface water monitoring programs in three major connecting channels, has also been collated in order to evaluate temporal trends. In general, Lakes Superior and Michigan exhibited the lowest levels of sediment contamination while Lake Ontario had the highest. Contaminants such as gamma -HCH (lindane) and dieldrin were ubiquitous in surface waters across the entire basin, which was indicative of atmospheric sources. The distribution of other compounds including hexachlorobenzene, octachlorostyrene and mirex indicated the presence of local sources within the watersheds of the connecting channels. Surficial sediment contamination was found to have decreased markedly since the late 1960s and 1970s. Similarly, surface water contamination decreased over the period 1986-1997 with concentrations of dieldrin, hexachlorobenzene, octachlorostyrene and mirex reduced by over 50%. However, the spatial distributions of both sediment and surface water contamination indicate that further effort is warranted in reducing local sources of contaminants, particularly in Lake Ontario. JF - Environmental Pollution (1987) AU - Marvin, Chris AU - Painter, Scott AU - Williams, Donald AU - Richardson, Violeta AU - Rossmann, Ronald AU - Van Hoof, Patricia Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 131 EP - 144 PB - Elsevier, Barking VL - 129 IS - 1 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes region KW - organochlorine pesticides KW - spatial distribution KW - Lake Michigan KW - sediments KW - drainage basins KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes KW - mercury KW - dieldrin KW - soils KW - North America KW - insecticides KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - cartography KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - lacustrine environment KW - surveys KW - Lake Superior KW - pesticides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51407148?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Pollution+%281987%29&rft.atitle=Spatial+and+temporal+trends+in+surface+water+and+sediment+contamination+in+the+Laurentian+Great+Lakes&rft.au=Marvin%2C+Chris%3BPainter%2C+Scott%3BWilliams%2C+Donald%3BRichardson%2C+Violeta%3BRossmann%2C+Ronald%3BVan+Hoof%2C+Patricia&rft.aulast=Marvin&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=129&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Pollution+%281987%29&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.envpol.2003.09.029 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02697491 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ENVPAF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cartography; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; dieldrin; drainage basins; Great Lakes; Great Lakes region; halogenated hydrocarbons; insecticides; lacustrine environment; Lake Michigan; Lake Superior; mercury; metals; monitoring; North America; organic compounds; organochlorine pesticides; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; sediments; soils; spatial distribution; surface water; surveys DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2003.09.029 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tropospheric ozone over the North Pacific from ozonesonde observations AN - 28436473; 200503-31-04880 (CE); 05941891 (EN); A05-45-25911 (AH) AB - As part of the Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific (TRACE-P) mission, ozonesondes were used to make ozone vertical profile measurements at nine locations in the North Pacific. At most of the sites there is a multiyear record of observations. From locations in the western Pacific (Hong Kong; Taipei; Jeju Island, Korea; and Naha, Kagoshima, Tsukuba, and Sapporo, Japan), a site in the central Pacific (Hilo, Hawaii), and a site on the west coast of the United States (Trinidad Head, California) both a seasonal and event specific picture of tropospheric ozone over the North Pacific emerges. Ozone profiles over the North Pacific generally show a prominent spring maximum throughout the troposphere. This maximum is tied to the location of the jet stream and its influence on stratosphere-troposphere exchange and the increase in photochemical ozone production through the spring. Prominent layers of enhanced ozone in the middle and upper troposphere north of about 30 degree N seem to be more closely tied to stratospheric intrusions while biomass burning leads to layers of enhanced ozone in the lower and upper troposphere at Hong Kong (22 degree N) and Taipei (25 degree N). The lower free tropospheric layers at Hong Kong are associated with burning in SE Asia, but the upper layer may be associated with either equatorial Northern Hemisphere burning in Africa or SE Asian biomass burning. In the boundary layer at Taipei very high mixing ratios of ozone were observed that result from pollution transport from China in the spring and local urban pollution during the summer. At the ozonesonde site near Tokyo (Tsukuba, 36 degree N) very large enhancements of ozone are seen in the boundary layer in the summer that are characteristic of urban air pollution. At sites in the mid and eastern Pacific the signature of transport of polluted air from Asia is not readily identifiable from the ozonesonde profile. This is likely due to the more subtle signal and the fact that from the ozone profile and meteorological data by themselves it is difficult to identify such a signal. During the TRACE-P intensive campaign period (February-April 2001), tropospheric ozone amounts were generally typical of those seen in the long-term records of the stations with multiyear soundings. The exception was the upper troposphere over Hong Kong and Taipei where ozone amounts were lower in 2001. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. D. Atmospheres AU - Oltmans, S J AU - Johnson, B J AU - Harris, J M AU - Thompson, A M AU - Liu, H Y AU - Chan, C Y AU - Voemel, H AU - Fujimoto, T AU - Brackett, V G AU - Chang, W L AU - Chen, J.-P. AU - Kim, J H AU - Chan, L Y AU - Chang, H.-W. AD - NOAA, Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado, USA PY - 2004 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave, NW, Washington, DC, 20009-1277, USA, [URL:http://www.agu.org] VL - 109 IS - D15 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN); Aerospace & High Technology (AH) KW - Citation No. D15S01 KW - Ozone KW - Troposphere KW - Air pollution KW - Ozonometry KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Satellite observation KW - Pollution transport KW - Boundary layer KW - Biomass burning KW - Combustion KW - Jet streams KW - Atmospheres KW - Coastal environments KW - Stream pollution KW - Pollution abatement KW - Article KW - EE 20:Air Pollution: Monitoring, Control & Remediation (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/28436473?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Tropospheric+ozone+over+the+North+Pacific+from+ozonesonde+observations&rft.au=Oltmans%2C+S+J%3BJohnson%2C+B+J%3BHarris%2C+J+M%3BThompson%2C+A+M%3BLiu%2C+H+Y%3BChan%2C+C+Y%3BVoemel%2C+H%3BFujimoto%2C+T%3BBrackett%2C+V+G%3BChang%2C+W+L%3BChen%2C+J.-P.%3BKim%2C+J+H%3BChan%2C+L+Y%3BChang%2C+H.-W.&rft.aulast=Oltmans&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=D15&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003JD003466 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Publication date refers to online version. N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JD003466 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of daytime and nighttime oxidation of biogenic and anthropogenic VOCs along the New England coast in summer during New England Air Quality Study 2002 AN - 28075612; 200503-31-04870 (CE); 05941836 (EN); A05-45-25900 (AH) AB - Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and some of their oxidants (O sub(3), NO sub(3)) were measured on board the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration research ship R/V Ronald H. Brown along the coast of New England, downwind of New York, Boston, and Portsmouth and large forested areas in New Hampshire, Maine, and Massachusetts in July and August 2002. The diurnal variations of isoprene, monoterpenes, and aromatics were mainly dependent on their emissions and the abundance of the oxidants OH and NO sub(3). Elevated mixing ratios of short-lived VOCs were only encountered at the ship, which was about 1-6 hours downwind of the sources, when the concentrations of the oxidants were low. For the biogenic compounds this was generally the case during morning and evening hours, when the lifetime of the biogenics was long because of low OH and NO sub(3) concentrations. Most anthropogenic VOCs do not react with NO sub(3), and therefore their mixing ratios remained elevated during the night. The products of isoprene oxidation, methyl vinyl ketone, methacrolein, and peroxymethacrylic nitric anhydride (MPAN) were, on average, more abundant than isoprene itself. Only during the transition periods from day to night, when oxidation rates were at a minimum, could isoprene exceed its products. The loss of the biogenic VOCs was dominated by reactions with NO sub(3), whereas the loss of anthropogenics came mostly from reactions with OH. The oxygenated VOCs are the major contributor to the OH loss, except in close vicinity of emission sources. The total loss of biogenic compounds during the night was so effective that after one night of transport they were in most cases completely reacted away, whereas the mixing ratios of the anthropogenic compounds remained high during the night. The pool of reactive hydrocarbons at sunrise was thus typically dominated by anthropogenic VOCs. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. D. Atmospheres AU - Warneke, C AU - de Gouw, J.A. AU - Goldan, P D AU - Kuster, W C AU - Williams, E J AU - Lerner, B M AU - Jakoubek, R AU - Brown, S S AU - Stark, H AU - Aldener, M AU - Ravishankara, A R AU - Roberts, J M AU - Marchewka, M AU - Bertman, S AU - Sueper, D T AU - McKeen, S A AU - Meagher, J F AU - Fehsenfeld, F C AD - Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado, USA PY - 2004 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave, NW, Washington, DC, 20009-1277, USA, [URL:http://www.agu.org] VL - 109 IS - D10 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN); Aerospace & High Technology (AH) KW - Citation No. D10309 KW - Air pollution KW - Man environment interactions KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Biogeny KW - Night sky KW - Daytime KW - Air quality KW - Isoprene KW - Oxidizing agents KW - Mixing ratios KW - Oxidation KW - New England KW - Coastal environments KW - Atmospherics KW - Anhydrides KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Oxidation rate KW - Diurnal variations KW - Article KW - EE 20:Air Pollution: Monitoring, Control & Remediation (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/28075612?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+daytime+and+nighttime+oxidation+of+biogenic+and+anthropogenic+VOCs+along+the+New+England+coast+in+summer+during+New+England+Air+Quality+Study+2002&rft.au=Warneke%2C+C%3Bde+Gouw%2C+J.A.%3BGoldan%2C+P+D%3BKuster%2C+W+C%3BWilliams%2C+E+J%3BLerner%2C+B+M%3BJakoubek%2C+R%3BBrown%2C+S+S%3BStark%2C+H%3BAldener%2C+M%3BRavishankara%2C+A+R%3BRoberts%2C+J+M%3BMarchewka%2C+M%3BBertman%2C+S%3BSueper%2C+D+T%3BMcKeen%2C+S+A%3BMeagher%2C+J+F%3BFehsenfeld%2C+F+C&rft.aulast=Warneke&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=D10&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003JD004424 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - SuppNotes - Publication date refers to online version. N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JD004424 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fraction and composition of NO sub(y) transported in air masses lofted from the North American continental boundary layer AN - 20985592; 5941845 AB - Five field studies have included research aircraft flights over the continental United States and the western North Atlantic Ocean from 1996 through 2000 in spring, summer, and fall seasons. The major source of NO sub(x) in this region is fossil fuel combustion, which is localized within the continental boundary layer (CBL). We use CO as a tracer of these anthropogenic emissions to estimate the fraction of the emitted NO sub(x) that is exported to the free troposphere (FT), either as NO sub(x) itself or as its oxidation products. This export was identified as plumes enhanced in CO above an estimated background by at least 30 ppbv, which account for 20-31% of the air parcels sampled in the FT during the five field studies. These plumes were encountered throughout the FT up to the 8 km ceiling of the aircraft but were primarily located just above the CBL with average altitudes of 3.0-4.1 km above ground level. In the summer over the continent, only 20 plus or minus 5% of the originally emitted nitrogen oxides was transported in those plumes. This fraction is in reasonable accord with model results, but the models include only deep convection and not the shallow CBL venting mechanisms responsible for the observed plumes. During the two field studies in the early fall and in the spring over the western North Atlantic, we find that 9 plus or minus 4% of the NO sub(y) was transported, although Li et al. [2004] suggest that this is an underestimate and that 15 plus or minus 11% is more accurate. Both of these numbers indicate that model results in the literature overestimate the amount of NO sub(y) transported from the CBL to the FT. In these five field studies, HNO sub(3) generally accounted for one-half to two-thirds of the NO sub(y), which is in contrast to the dominance by NO sub(x) and organic nitrates suggested by models. Over the North Atlantic, this difference is likely due to further photochemical processing of the NO sub(y) species within the FT and over the continent due to the different transport mechanism considered in the models. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. D. Atmospheres AU - Parrish, D D AU - Ryerson, T B AU - Holloway, J S AU - Neuman, JA AU - Roberts, J M AU - Williams, J AU - Stroud, CA AU - Frost, G J AU - Trainer, M AU - Huebler, G AU - Fehsenfeld, F C AU - Flocke, F AU - Weinheimer, A J AD - NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado, USA Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [mailto:service@agu.org] VL - 109 IS - D9 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - Modelling KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Citation No. D09302 KW - nitrogen oxides KW - transport KW - removal KW - 0322 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Constituent sources and sinks KW - 0345 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Pollution KW - urban and regional (0305) KW - 0368 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere KW - constituent transport and chemistry KW - Photochemistry KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Air mass transport KW - Nitrogen oxides sources KW - Carbon monoxide transport KW - Tracers KW - ANW, North Atlantic KW - Dispersion in boundary layer KW - Atmospheric boundary layer KW - Transport processes KW - Plumes KW - Air masses KW - North America KW - Fossil fuels KW - Airplane observation of atmospheric pollution KW - Troposphere KW - Nitrogen oxides KW - Air pollution KW - USA KW - Nitrogen oxides transport KW - Boundary layers KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Nitrogen compounds KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - M2 551.510.52:Troposphere (551.510.52) KW - M2 551.556.44:Long-range: tracers (551.556.44) KW - Q2 09188:Atmospheric chemistry KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.515.5/.9:Other Formations and Disturbances (551.515.5/.9) KW - O 2070:Meteorology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20985592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Fraction+and+composition+of+NO+sub%28y%29+transported+in+air+masses+lofted+from+the+North+American+continental+boundary+layer&rft.au=Parrish%2C+D+D%3BRyerson%2C+T+B%3BHolloway%2C+J+S%3BNeuman%2C+JA%3BRoberts%2C+J+M%3BWilliams%2C+J%3BStroud%2C+CA%3BFrost%2C+G+J%3BTrainer%2C+M%3BHuebler%2C+G%3BFehsenfeld%2C+F+C%3BFlocke%2C+F%3BWeinheimer%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Parrish&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=D9&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+D.+Atmospheres&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003JD004226 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication date refers to online version. N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Air masses; Tracers; Pollution dispersion; Atmospheric chemistry; Anthropogenic factors; Transport processes; Atmospheric boundary layer; Nitrogen compounds; Nitrogen oxides transport; Airplane observation of atmospheric pollution; Air mass transport; Dispersion in boundary layer; Carbon monoxide transport; Nitrogen oxides sources; Photochemistry; Fossil fuels; Boundary layers; Troposphere; Nitrogen oxides; Plumes; North America; USA; ANW, North Atlantic; Atlantic Ocean DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JD004226 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-term strength of ceramics for biomedical applications AN - 20560734; 8078410 AB - The influence of slow crack growth on the initiation of radial cracks at the lower surfaces of ceramic layers bonded to polymeric substrates is studied, with particular relevance to biomechanical systems, e.g., dental crowns and hip replacement prostheses. Critical loads are measured as a function of loading rate (dynamic fatigue) for model bilayers fabricated by epoxy-bonding selected clinical ceramics to polycarbonate bases. Radial crack initiation is observed in situ by viewing from below the transparent base during loading. Declines in the critical loads with diminishing load rate are consistent with slow crack growth of intrinsic flaws prior to radial crack pop in. A simple fracture mechanics relation incorporating a crack velocity function is used to analyze the data. Extrapolation beyond the data range enables long-lifetime (10 yr) estimates of sustainable loads. The procedure provides a basis for ranking ceramic types, and in particular for eliminating vulnerable candidate materials, for use in biomechanical systems. While slow crack growth is an important factor in failure, other mechanisms could operate in concert and even dominate under severe testing conditions, especially under cyclic loading. JF - Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B AU - Zhang, Yu AU - Lawn, Brian AD - Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, brian.lawn@nist.gov Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 166 EP - 172 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc. VL - 69B IS - 2 SN - 1552-4973, 1552-4973 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Ceramics KW - Data processing KW - Fatigue KW - Fractures KW - polycarbonate KW - Prosthetics KW - Hip KW - Models KW - W 30920:Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20560734?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biomedical+Materials+Research+Part+B&rft.atitle=Long-term+strength+of+ceramics+for+biomedical+applications&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Yu%3BLawn%2C+Brian&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Yu&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=69B&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=166&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biomedical+Materials+Research+Part+B&rft.issn=15524973&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjbm.b.20039 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ceramics; Fatigue; Data processing; Fractures; polycarbonate; Models; Hip; Prosthetics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.20039 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trends in night-time city lights and vegetation indices associated with urbanization within the conterminous USA AN - 19948647; 6153695 AB - Two datasets that depict the night-time light emitted from the conterminous USA during 1992/1993 and 2000 were compared for changes in light emission. The locations of observed differences in night-time light during this interval were examined for differences observed in a time-integrated vegetation index associated with net primary production. Just over 13% of the land area within the study region exhibited greater night-time light emitted in 2000 compared to 1992/1993. The locations of greater emitted light were found to have decreased values of the time-integrated vegetation index compared to locations that did not exhibit significant increases in emitted light. The observed decrease in the time-integrated vegetation index within the regions of greater emitted light is likely to be due to the change in land cover (increased urbanization) during this interval. The results suggest that the emitted light data were more useful for assessment of urban growth than the integrated vegetation index data. JF - International Journal of Remote Sensing AU - Gallo, K P AU - Elvidge, C D AU - Yang, L AU - Reed, B C AD - NOAA/NESDIS/Office of Research and Applications, Camp Springs, MD 20746, USA Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 2003 EP - 2007 VL - 25 IS - 10 SN - 0143-1161, 0143-1161 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Human Population KW - Vegetation cover KW - USA KW - Urbanization KW - Emissions KW - Primary production KW - Light effects KW - M1 325:Human Habitat & Natural Resource Development KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19948647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Remote+Sensing&rft.atitle=Trends+in+night-time+city+lights+and+vegetation+indices+associated+with+urbanization+within+the+conterminous+USA&rft.au=Gallo%2C+K+P%3BElvidge%2C+C+D%3BYang%2C+L%3BReed%2C+B+C&rft.aulast=Gallo&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2003&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Remote+Sensing&rft.issn=01431161&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F01431160310001640964 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vegetation cover; Urbanization; Emissions; Primary production; Light effects; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431160310001640964 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Lake Erie: Historical Trends and Present State AN - 19944942; 6009208 AB - The water of Lake Erie can be exchanged in about 2.5 years because of the large flow through and the shallow depth. Consequently, trends in water quality reflect loadings rather than accumulation of material. Long term trends can be observed in the sediments. Changes in the sedimentary environment have impacted benthos, including demersal eggs of fishes. Exchange between sediments and overlying waters impact dissolved oxygen and consequently the water chemistry. Trends in temperatures, water transparency, benthos and plankton are presented. JF - Great Lakes Need Great Watersheds AU - Beeton, A M AU - Robbins, JA AU - Holland, R E Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 1 EP - 9 KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - Freshwater KW - Watersheds KW - Water quality KW - North America, Erie L. KW - Eggs KW - Dissolved oxygen KW - Lakes KW - Sediment pollution KW - Sediment chemistry KW - Conferences KW - Inflow KW - Dissolved Oxygen KW - Water Quality KW - Sedimentary environments KW - Sediments KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Sediment-water interface KW - Water transparency KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - Fish KW - Lake dynamics KW - Accumulation KW - Plankton KW - Benthos KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - Q2 09171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19944942?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Beeton%2C+A+M%3BRobbins%2C+JA%3BHolland%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Beeton&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Lake+Erie%3A+Historical+Trends+and+Present+State&rft.title=Lake+Erie%3A+Historical+Trends+and+Present+State&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Great Lakes Climate Change Hydrologic Impact Assessment, IJC Lake Ontario--St. Lawrence River Regulation Study AN - 19942532; 6009258 AB - We estimated hydrological impacts of changed climates over the Great Lakes for the International Joint Commission's five-year study of Lake Ontario--St. Lawrence regulation. We used the latest global circulation model results (United Kingdom's Hadley Center and the Canadian Climate Centre) to consider a range of climate changes. We extracted model output changes between 1961--1990 and 2040--2069 and adjusted historical meteorology data accordingly. We simulated Great Lakes hydrology with extensive rainfall-runoff models and lake thermodynamics models to estimate net water supply scenarios for each lake under each climate scenario. The higher air temperatures under the changed-climate scenarios led to higher over-land evapotranspiration and lower runoff to the lakes with earlier runoff peaks since snow pack is reduced and the snow season is greatly reduced. This also resulted in a reduction in available soil moisture. Water temperatures increased and peaked earlier; heat resident in the deep lakes increased throughout the year. Mixing of the water column diminished, as most of the lakes became mostly monomictic, and lake evaporation increased. Ice formation was greatly reduced over winter on the deep Great Lakes, and lake evaporation increased; average net supplies dropped most where precipitation increases were modest. JF - Great Lakes Need Great Watersheds AU - Croley, TE Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 1 EP - 31 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Thermodynamic models KW - Regulated Rivers KW - Evaporation KW - Rainfall KW - Climate change KW - Climatic changes KW - Lake temperature variations KW - Evaporation from lakes KW - Lake hydrology KW - Freshwater KW - Watersheds KW - Lake ice formation KW - Water supplies KW - Lake Evaporation KW - Air temperature KW - Lakes KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Assessments KW - Stormwater runoff KW - Climatic Changes KW - Hydrology KW - Seasonal variability KW - Canada, St. Lawrence R. KW - Rivers KW - Thermodynamics KW - Snow KW - Climate KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Precipitation KW - International Association for Great Lakes Research KW - Water supply KW - General circulation models KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - Rainfall-runoff modeling KW - North America, Ontario L. KW - Climatic change influences on lakes KW - Soil moisture KW - River regulation KW - Runoff KW - M2 556.55:Lakes, Reservoirs, Ponds (556.55) KW - SW 4070:Ecological impact of water development KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q2 09171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19942532?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Croley%2C+TE&rft.aulast=Croley&rft.aufirst=TE&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Great+Lakes+Climate+Change+Hydrologic+Impact+Assessment%2C+IJC+Lake+Ontario--St.+Lawrence+River+Regulation+Study&rft.title=Great+Lakes+Climate+Change+Hydrologic+Impact+Assessment%2C+IJC+Lake+Ontario--St.+Lawrence+River+Regulation+Study&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Discrepancies in Greenhouse Lake Level Predictions: Reasons for Uncertainty AN - 19939160; 6009403 AB - Future predictions of mean lake levels and the effects of greenhouse warming are of interest to a great number of stakeholders throughout the Laurentian Great Lakes region, and have economic bearing on industrial, shipping, recreational, and municipal sectors. While greenhouse warming itself is well-supported by both modeling and observational evidence, its effects on specific sectors at regional spatial scales are subject to much greater uncertainty. In the Great Lakes basin, two main methods of ascertaining effects on lake levels have been used, with contrasting results: 1) direct application of general circulation model (GCM) results to a basin hydrologic model, which has usually predicted a drop in net basin supplies and lake levels, and 2) dynamical downscaling using a regional climate model, which has predicted a rise. A root cause of these discrepancies is the difference in atmospheric moisture divergence, and how this is treated in these two methodologies. A key question is, in terms of secular trends in moisture divergence, can we expect the Great Lakes basin to behave more like a continent or an ocean? A methodology intermediate between these two will be introduced as well. JF - Great Lakes Need Great Watersheds AU - Lofgren, B M Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 1 EP - 91 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Moisture KW - Climatic changes KW - Fluid Drops KW - Basins KW - Divergence KW - Freshwater KW - Watersheds KW - Water levels KW - Lakes KW - Hydrologic Models KW - North America, Great Lakes Basin KW - Economics KW - Environmental effects KW - Regional climate models KW - Climatology KW - Lake Basins KW - Hydrologic models KW - Conferences KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Great Lakes water levels KW - Environmental impact KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Lake levels KW - Greenhouses KW - International Association for Great Lakes Research KW - Recreation areas KW - Oceans KW - General circulation models KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Global warming effects KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - M2 556.55:Lakes, Reservoirs, Ponds (556.55) KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19939160?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Lofgren%2C+B+M&rft.aulast=Lofgren&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Discrepancies+in+Greenhouse+Lake+Level+Predictions%3A+Reasons+for+Uncertainty&rft.title=Discrepancies+in+Greenhouse+Lake+Level+Predictions%3A+Reasons+for+Uncertainty&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermodynamic Constraints on Microbially Mediated Processes in Lakes of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica AN - 19930005; 6067643 AB - Recent research has shown that the distribution of biogenic nitrogen and sulfur compounds (in particular, N2O, DMS and dissolved DMSO) observed in five perennially ice-covered lakes of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, appear to lack obvious biogeochemical explanations. This study examined the hypothesis that the distribution of these compounds resulted from thermodynamic constraints on microbially mediated processes. The thermodynamic favorableness of a number of ecologically important redox reactions in these lakes was assessed using a simplified Nernst equation and mathematically modified Eh measurements. Our qualitative analysis revealed that the relative dominance of denitrification and nitrification as formation and loss processes for N2O was a complex pattern that was related to the redox conditions present. The results indicate that nitrification was initially the sole pathway for the formation of N2O with denitrification being thermodynamically unfavorable. As the redox conditions became less oxic, both denitrification and nitrification were possible. Once complete anoxia occurred, the importance of nitrification decreased considerably and the loss of N2O via denitrification became increasingly important. With respect to DMSO, the results indicated that DMSO was thermodynamically unfavorable as an electron acceptor for the respiration of organic material by bacteria in well-oxygenated environments, giving a partial explanation for the relatively elevated levels of DMSO found in many aquatic environments. Overall, the results of this study showed that subtle variations in the redox conditions present provided a plausible explanation for the unusual distributions of biogenic sulfur and nitrogen compounds observed in the lakes of the McMurdo Dry Valleys. JF - Geomicrobiology Journal AU - Lee, Peter AU - Mikucki, Jill AU - Foreman, Christine AU - Priscu, John AU - Ditullio, Giacomo AU - Riseman, Sarah AU - Mora, Stephen AU - Wolf, Craig AU - Kester, Laurie AD - Hollings Marine Laboratory, College of Charleston, Charleston, South Carolina, USA Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 221 EP - 237 PB - Taylor & Francis Inc., 325 Chestnut Street Suite 800 Philadelphia PA 19106 USA VL - 21 IS - 3 SN - 0149-0451, 0149-0451 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Antarctica KW - bacteria KW - dimethylsulfide KW - dimethylsulfoxide KW - denitrification KW - nitrification KW - nitrous oxide KW - polar lakes KW - redox potential KW - suboxic KW - Sulfur KW - Sulphur KW - Antarctica, Victoria Land, McMurdo Dry Valley KW - Respiration KW - Environmental factors KW - Mathematics KW - Lakes KW - Nitrous oxide KW - Denitrification KW - sulfur compounds KW - Redox reactions KW - Electrons KW - Mathematical models KW - Sulphur oxides KW - Thermodynamics KW - Aquatic environment KW - Anoxia KW - Dominance KW - Nitrification KW - Nitrogen KW - Redox potential KW - Q2 09185:Organic compounds KW - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - J 02905:Water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19930005?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.atitle=Thermodynamic+Constraints+on+Microbially+Mediated+Processes+in+Lakes+of+the+McMurdo+Dry+Valleys%2C+Antarctica&rft.au=Lee%2C+Peter%3BMikucki%2C+Jill%3BForeman%2C+Christine%3BPriscu%2C+John%3BDitullio%2C+Giacomo%3BRiseman%2C+Sarah%3BMora%2C+Stephen%3BWolf%2C+Craig%3BKester%2C+Laurie&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geomicrobiology+Journal&rft.issn=01490451&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F01490450490275884 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Redox reactions; Sulphur; Sulphur oxides; Thermodynamics; Nitrous oxide; Nitrification; Denitrification; Environmental factors; Redox potential; Sulfur; sulfur compounds; Mathematical models; Electrons; Respiration; Aquatic environment; Dominance; Anoxia; Mathematics; Lakes; Nitrogen; Antarctica; Antarctica, Victoria Land, McMurdo Dry Valley DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490450490275884 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Satellite-derived Daily Surface Water Temperature Maps for the Great Lakes AN - 19925441; 6009506 AB - Satellite-derived maps of Great Lakes surface water temperature from NOAA AVHRR imagery have been routinely available through the NOAA COASTWATCH program since 1994. We present an automated algorithm for filling spatial and temporal gaps in the data set in order to provide continuous daily full-coverage maps of surface water temperature for all five lakes. The algorithm uses (in decreasing order of precedence) 1) linear interpolation in time, 2) spatial averaging, and 3) lakewide mean trend extrapolation, on a pixel-by-pixel basis to fill gaps. The resulting maps and lake-wide average statistics for 1994-2003 are presented as graphs and animations. JF - Great Lakes Need Great Watersheds AU - Schwab, D J AU - Dalton, J Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 1 EP - 135 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Statistics KW - Mathematical models KW - Extrapolation KW - Surface water KW - Temperature KW - Algorithms KW - Statistical analysis KW - Automation KW - Surface Water KW - Water temperature KW - Maps KW - Watersheds KW - Water temperatures KW - Interpolation KW - Lakes KW - Surface temperature determination KW - Lake temperature estimation from satellite radiation measurements KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer) KW - Great Lakes research KW - M2 556.55:Lakes, Reservoirs, Ponds (556.55) KW - Q2 09393:Remote geosensing KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - Q5 08501:General KW - M2 551.501:Methods of Observation/Computations (551.501) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19925441?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Schwab%2C+D+J%3BDalton%2C+J&rft.aulast=Schwab&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Satellite-derived+Daily+Surface+Water+Temperature+Maps+for+the+Great+Lakes&rft.title=Satellite-derived+Daily+Surface+Water+Temperature+Maps+for+the+Great+Lakes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Case studies of state-level marine managed area systems: addendum to State policies and programs related to marine managed areas : issues and recommendations for a national system AN - 19300937; 8075700 AB - Examines marine managed areas (MMAs) under state jurisdiction, and documents lessons learned by state managers involved with their development and implementation. Section 1 discusses stakeholder involvement, goals and objectives, the roles of science, boundary issues, enforcement, education/outreach, and institutional arrangements of six selected MMA systems. Section 2 describes commonalities among systems, and summarizes management experiences and lessons learned through the development and implementation of state-level MMA systems. JF - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. [np]. May 2004. AU - Davis, Braxton AU - Lopez, John Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 PB - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Marine parks and reserves United StatesStatesManagement Case studies KW - Marine resources conservation United StatesStates Case studies KW - Aquatic resources conservation United StatesStates Case studies KW - Marine KW - Policies KW - Marine environment KW - Governments KW - Environment management KW - Q2 09122:Legislation KW - Q1 08121:Law, policy, economics and social sciences KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19300937?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Davis%2C+Braxton%3BLopez%2C+John&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Braxton&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Case+studies+of+state-level+marine+managed+area+systems%3A+addendum+to+State+policies+and+programs+related+to+marine+managed+areas+%3A+issues+and+recommendations+for+a+national+system&rft.title=Case+studies+of+state-level+marine+managed+area+systems%3A+addendum+to+State+policies+and+programs+related+to+marine+managed+areas+%3A+issues+and+recommendations+for+a+national+system&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - North Carolina bathymetry/topography sea level rise project : determination of sea level trends AN - 19297409; 8075611 JF - NOAA technical report NOS CO-OPS ; 041. [np]. May 2004. AU - Zervas, Chris Eugene Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 PB - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Sea level North Carolina KW - Sea level North Carolina Observations KW - Water levels North Carolina Observations KW - Marine KW - ANW, USA, North Carolina KW - Sea level trends KW - Sea level rise KW - Bathymetry KW - Topography KW - Sea level changes KW - Q2 09263:Topography and morphology KW - M2 551.5:General (551.5) KW - Q5 08501:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19297409?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Zervas%2C+Chris+Eugene&rft.aulast=Zervas&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=North+Carolina+bathymetry%2Ftopography+sea+level+rise+project+%3A+determination+of+sea+level+trends&rft.title=North+Carolina+bathymetry%2Ftopography+sea+level+rise+project+%3A+determination+of+sea+level+trends&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2008-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The net carbon flux due to deforestation and forest re-growth in the Brazilian Amazon: analysis using a process-based model AN - 18060633; 5947820 AB - We developed a process-based model of forest growth, carbon cycling and land-cover dynamics named CARLUC (for CARbon and Land-Use Change) to estimate the size of terrestrial carbon pools in terra firme (nonflooded) forests across the Brazilian Legal Amazon and the net flux of carbon resulting from forest disturbance and forest recovery from disturbance. Our goal in building the model was to construct a relatively simple ecosystem model that would respond to soil and climatic heterogeneity that allows us to study the impact of Amazonian deforestation, selective logging and accidental fire on the global carbon cycle. This paper focuses on the net flux caused by deforestation and forest re-growth over the period from 1970 to 1998. We calculate that the net flux to the atmosphere during this period reached a maximum of similar to 0.35 PgC yr super(-1) (1 PgC= 1 x 10 super(15) gC) in 1990, with a cumulative release of similar to 7 PgC from 1970 to 1998. The net flux is higher than predicted by an earlier study (Houghton et al., 2000) by a total of 1 PgC over the period 1989-1998 mainly because CARLUC predicts relatively high mature forest carbon storage compared with the datasets used in the earlier study. Incorporating the dynamics of litter and soil carbon pools into the model increases the cumulative net flux by similar to 1 PgC from 1970 to 1998, while different assumptions about land-cover dynamics only caused small changes. The uncertainty of the net flux, calculated with a Monte-Carlo approach, is roughly 35% of the mean value (1 SD). JF - Global Change Biology AU - Hirsch, AI AU - Little, W S AU - Houghton, R A AU - Scott, NA AU - White, J D AD - The Woods Hole Research Center, PO Box 296, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA, The Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA, Baylor University, PO Box 97388, Waco, TX 76798, USA, adam.hirsch@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 908 EP - 924 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 10 IS - 5 SN - 1354-1013, 1354-1013 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) KW - M2 551.501:Methods of Observation/Computations (551.501) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18060633?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aabiglobal&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Wal-Mart+Shipping+Takes+Aim+at+Prime&rft.au=Stevens%2C+Laura%3BNassauer%2C+Sarah&rft.aulast=Stevens&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.date=2016-05-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=B.1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wall+Street+Journal&rft.issn=00999660&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2003.00765.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Susceptibility of coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum), to different toxins of Clostridium botulinum AN - 18002541; 5948035 AB - Coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum), held at 15 degree C were tested for their susceptibility to toxins of proteolytic and nonproteolytic Clostridium botulinum types A, B, C sub(1), C sub(2), D, E, F, and G administered by the oral and intraperitoneal (i.p.) routes. By the oral route, the fish were most susceptibile to type E neurotoxin, which was lethal at a dose equivalent to 90 mouse intraperitoneal minimum lethal doses (MLDs). The oral lethal dose increased to 2000 MLD for nonproteolytic and proteolytic type F neurotoxins, but the toxin types A, B, and C sub(1) were not lethal to fish at 2000 MLD and type D was not lethal at 20 000 MLD (highest titre tested). The fish were not susceptible to 200 MLD (the highest titres tested) of type G neurotoxin or C sub(2) cytotoxin. By the i.p. route, all of the toxins except type G were lethal to coho salmon. Type E neurotoxin was the most toxic at a level of one-half the mouse MLD. Coho salmon held at temperatures ranging from 1 to 20 degree C were sensitive to type E neurotoxin by both the oral and i.p. routes. As the temperature decreased the fish became more resistant to type E neurotoxin by the oral route, but the i.p. dose remained one-half the mouse MLD at all temperatures. JF - Aquaculture Research AU - Eklund, M W AU - Poysky, F T AU - Paranjpye, R N AU - Peterson, ME AU - Pelroy, G A AD - US Department of Commerce, NOAA, National Marine Fisheries Service, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Resource Enhancement and Utilization Technologies Division, Seattle, WA, USA, rohinee.paranjpye@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 594 EP - 600 PB - Blackwell Science Ltd VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 1355-557X, 1355-557X KW - Coho salmon KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Temperature effects KW - Marine KW - Mortality KW - Pathogenic bacteria KW - Cytotoxins KW - Brackish KW - Clostridium botulinum KW - Freshwater KW - Toxicity tests KW - Toxins KW - Bioassays KW - Neurotoxins KW - Oncorhynchus kisutch KW - X 24171:Microbial KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture KW - O 5060:Aquaculture KW - Q1 08582:Fish culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18002541?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquaculture+Research&rft.atitle=Susceptibility+of+coho+salmon%2C+Oncorhynchus+kisutch+%28Walbaum%29%2C+to+different+toxins+of+Clostridium+botulinum&rft.au=Eklund%2C+M+W%3BPoysky%2C+F+T%3BParanjpye%2C+R+N%3BPeterson%2C+ME%3BPelroy%2C+G+A&rft.aulast=Eklund&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=594&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquaculture+Research&rft.issn=1355557X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2109.2004.01058.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Mortality; Bioassays; Pathogenic bacteria; Neurotoxins; Toxicity tests; Cytotoxins; Toxins; Clostridium botulinum; Oncorhynchus kisutch; Freshwater; Brackish; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2004.01058.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Marine Subsidies in Freshwater: Effects of Salmon Carcasses on Lipid Class and Fatty Acid Composition of Juvenile Coho Salmon AN - 17730079; 6049265 AB - Returning adult salmon represent an important source of energy, nutrients, and biochemicals to their natal streams and may therefore have a quantitative effect on the energy levels of stream-resident salmonids. We tested this hypothesis by constructing simulated streams for coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch to which we added 0, 1, and 4 carcasses/m super(2) (0, 0.71, and 2.85 kg wet mass/m super(2)) of pink salmon O. gorbuscha. After 60 d we evaluated the lipid class and fatty acid composition of rearing coho salmon from the simulated streams; the lipid content and triacylglycerols of the coho salmon increased with increasing carcass density whereas phospholipids decreased. Increased amounts of triacylglycerols accounted for most of the lipid increase. In addition to increasing in concentration, the fatty acid composition of the triacylglycerols also changed with carcass density. Triacylglycerols of juvenile coho salmon from the control streams had significantly higher omega- 3[hairsp]:[hairsp]omega-6 ratios as a result of fivefold and sixfold increases in the concentrations of eicosapentanoic and docosahexanoic fatty acids, respectively. These data demonstrate an immediate nutritional benefit resulting from the introduction of salmon carcasses in juvenile coho salmon rearing habitat and indicate the utility of fatty acid and lipid class analysis for examining the effects of marine-derived nutrients on juvenile salmonids. JF - Transactions of the American Fisheries Society AU - Heintz, Ron A AU - Nelson, Bonita D AU - Hudson, John AU - Larsen, Marie AU - Holland, Larry AU - Wipfli, Mark AD - National Marine Fisheries Service, Auke Bay Laboratory, 11305 Glacier Highway, Juneau, Alaska 99801, USA Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 559 EP - 567 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Ste. 110 Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA VL - 133 IS - 3 SN - 0002-8487, 0002-8487 KW - Coho salmon KW - Pink salmon KW - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Marine KW - Juveniles KW - Biochemistry KW - Lipids KW - Freshwater KW - Nutrition KW - Carcasses KW - Nutritive value KW - Oncorhynchus gorbuscha KW - Fatty acids KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - Oncorhynchus kisutch KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17730079?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.atitle=Marine+Subsidies+in+Freshwater%3A+Effects+of+Salmon+Carcasses+on+Lipid+Class+and+Fatty+Acid+Composition+of+Juvenile+Coho+Salmon&rft.au=Heintz%2C+Ron+A%3BNelson%2C+Bonita+D%3BHudson%2C+John%3BLarsen%2C+Marie%3BHolland%2C+Larry%3BWipfli%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Heintz&rft.aufirst=Ron&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=133&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=559&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.issn=00028487&rft_id=info:doi/10.1577%2FT03-035.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Juveniles; Nutritive value; Carcasses; Biochemistry; Lipids; Fatty acids; Nutrients (mineral); Nutrition; Oncorhynchus gorbuscha; Oncorhynchus kisutch; Marine; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T03-035.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - LAKE ERIE ICE COVER CLIMATOLOGY - BASIN AVERAGED ICE COVER: WINTERS 1898-2002 AN - 1765942300; PQ0002620899 AB - Ice cover impacts the water balance of the lakes and lake flora and fauna by affecting energy and mass transfers from and to the lakes. Improved understanding of ice cover climatology is therefore needed for an improved understanding and forecasts of the winter lake ecosystem. The duration and extent of ice cover on the Great Lakes also has a major impact on the economy of the region by impeding and eventually stopping commercial navigation, interfering with hydropower production and cooling water intakes, and damaging shore structures. Assel (2003a) presents a climatology of Great Lakes ice cover for each Great Lake over the winters: 1973-2002 on a nominal spatial resolution of 2.5 km grid cells. The purpose of this report is to provide a different aspect of that climatology for Lake Erie, primarily, basin averages of ice concentration for the east, central, and west basins of that lake. JF - NOAA Technical Memorandum GLERL AU - Assel, Raymond A AD - NOAA, Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, 2205 Commonwealth Blvd. Ann Arbor MI 48105-2945 United States VL - 128 SN - 0733-4044, 0733-4044 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Intakes KW - Cooling water KW - Shores KW - Freshwater KW - North America, Erie L. KW - Winter KW - Lakes KW - Climatology KW - Lake Basins KW - Lake Ice KW - Ice Cover KW - Mass Transfer KW - Navigation KW - Water balance KW - Lake ice KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - Mass transfer KW - Ice cover KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765942300?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NOAA+Technical+Memorandum+GLERL&rft.atitle=LAKE+ERIE+ICE+COVER+CLIMATOLOGY+-+BASIN+AVERAGED+ICE+COVER%3A+WINTERS+1898-2002&rft.au=Assel%2C+Raymond+A&rft.aulast=Assel&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NOAA+Technical+Memorandum+GLERL&rft.issn=07334044&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Water balance; Lake ice; Cooling water; Climatology; Mass transfer; Ice cover; Winter; Lake Ice; Lakes; Ice Cover; Intakes; Mass Transfer; Shores; Lake Basins; Navigation; North America, Great Lakes; North America, Erie L.; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Surface Trawl to Detect Migrating Juvenile Salmonids Tagged with Passive Integrated Transponder Tags AN - 17609124; 6049451 AB - We developed a surface pair-trawl system to detect juvenile Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. marked with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags as they migrate through the upper Columbia River estuary. The trawl was fitted with a detection antenna in its cod end and was deployed by two vessels. Fish entering the trawl body exit after passing by the detection antenna. Detection data were recorded by electronic components housed in a small boat tethered to the trawl. The system was modified extensively after its first deployment in 1995 and by 2001 was performing reliably under a variety of weather conditions and river flows. From 1995 to 2001 the device detected 29,699 PIT- tagged juvenile salmon. During extended daily sampling periods, we detected nearly 2% of all PIT tags previously detected at Bonneville Dam, which is located 159 rkm upstream from the study area. JF - North American Journal of Fisheries Management AU - Ledgerwood, Richard D AU - Ryan, Brad A AU - Dawley, Earl M AU - Nunnallee, Edward P AU - Ferguson, John W AD - Fish Ecology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, 2725 Montlake Boulevard East, Seattle, Washington 98112-2097, USA Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 440 EP - 451 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Ste. 110 Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA VL - 24 IS - 2 SN - 0275-5947, 0275-5947 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Freshwater KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - Q1 01421:Migrations and rhythms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17609124?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.atitle=A+Surface+Trawl+to+Detect+Migrating+Juvenile+Salmonids+Tagged+with+Passive+Integrated+Transponder+Tags&rft.au=Ledgerwood%2C+Richard+D%3BRyan%2C+Brad+A%3BDawley%2C+Earl+M%3BNunnallee%2C+Edward+P%3BFerguson%2C+John+W&rft.aulast=Ledgerwood&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=440&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.issn=02755947&rft_id=info:doi/10.1577%2FM0-071.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M0-071.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fish Size and Exposure to Air: Potential Effects on Behavioral Impairment and Mortality Rates in Discarded Sablefish AN - 17608958; 6049466 AB - Fisheries models often assume that discarded undersized fish and target species will survive and contribute to future recruitment and yield. If smaller fish are more susceptible to capture stressors than larger fish, then the assumption that smaller discards would contribute to recruitment may not be true. We tested the hypothesis that small sablefish Anoplopoma fimbria show more behavioral impairment and mortality than large fish when exposed to air (10-60 min) at various temperatures (10- 18 degree C). Sablefish captured by trawl, longline, or trap are commonly exposed to these conditions during warmer seasons when brought up on deck and sorted. Two size-classes of fish (small: 32- 49 cm total length [TL]; large: 50-67 cm TL) were used in the experiments. Behavior was measured as upright orientation and startle responses to visual and mechanical stimuli 1, 2, 3, and 24 h after air exposure; mortality was measured through 7 d after air exposure. Small fish mortality increased as air time increased and was at higher levels than in large fish. Only 10 min of air exposure caused behavioral impairment in small and large fish, which could lead to increased predation on discarded fish. At 24 h after air exposure, normal behavior had not generally resumed and small fish had more behavioral impairment than large fish. JF - North American Journal of Fisheries Management AU - Davis, Michael W AU - Parker, Steven J AD - Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Fisheries Service, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Newport, Oregon 97365, USA Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 518 EP - 524 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Ste. 110 Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA VL - 24 IS - 2 SN - 0275-5947, 0275-5947 KW - Sablefish KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Marine KW - Q1 01603:Fishery statistics and sampling KW - Q1 01423:Behaviour KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17608958?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.atitle=Fish+Size+and+Exposure+to+Air%3A+Potential+Effects+on+Behavioral+Impairment+and+Mortality+Rates+in+Discarded+Sablefish&rft.au=Davis%2C+Michael+W%3BParker%2C+Steven+J&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=518&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.issn=02755947&rft_id=info:doi/10.1577%2FM03-030.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2007-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M03-030.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Planning for El Nino: The Stages of Natural Hazard Mitigation and Preparation AN - 17095353; 6620348 AB - This study examines mitigation and preparation activities selected by four county and state governments in anticipation of the 1997-1998 El Nino. It expands the knowledge of how state and local governments plan short-term projects and mitigate with longer-term activities in anticipation of a natural hazard. It also provides a preliminary understanding of divergent responses and plans under similar disaster warnings. It outlines stages that governments follow in determining their natural hazard mitigation and preparedness activities. This model should provide hazard planners, particularly those planning for slower onset hazards, with insights into their own local circumstances, allowing them to choose appropriate strategies. JF - Professional Geographer AU - Beller-Simms, Nancy AD - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Y1 - 2004/05// PY - 2004 DA - May 2004 SP - 213 EP - 222 PB - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road Oxford OX4 2DQ UK VL - 56 IS - 2 SN - 0033-0124, 0033-0124 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Disasters KW - Warning systems KW - Natural disasters KW - Hazards KW - Emergency preparedness KW - El Nino KW - Short-term planning KW - Regional planning KW - Geographers KW - Experts KW - National planning KW - El Nino phenomena KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - H 6000:Natural Disasters/Civil Defense/Emergency Management KW - M2 551.588:Environmental Influences (551.588) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17095353?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Professional+Geographer&rft.atitle=Planning+for+El+Nino%3A+The+Stages+of+Natural+Hazard+Mitigation+and+Preparation&rft.au=Beller-Simms%2C+Nancy&rft.aulast=Beller-Simms&rft.aufirst=Nancy&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Professional+Geographer&rft.issn=00330124&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.0033-0124.2004.05602006.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-08-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Figures, 2; tables, 3; references, 21. N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hazards; Short-term planning; Disasters; Regional planning; Experts; National planning; El Nino phenomena; El Nino; Geographers; Emergency preparedness; Warning systems; Natural disasters DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0033-0124.2004.05602006.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial patterns of endemism in shallow-water reef fish populations of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands AN - 17979770; 5930798 AB - The spatial distribution and magnitude of endemism in shallow-water (<18 m) reef fishes of the 10 Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI) are described in terms of occurrence, and numerical and biomass densities, using a series of diver-observation surveys conducted during September/October 2000, 2001, and 2002. Based on species-presence in our surveys, we found endemism to be equal (20.6% using all available data) for fishes in the NWHI and the Main Hawaiian Islands (MHI; 20.9%). On average, percentage endemism was much higher based on the biomass (37%) and numerical densities (52%) of endemics, increased with latitude, and was especially pronounced at the 4 northernmost reefs that are the most ancient emergent geological features of the archipelago. Endemic reef fishes were appreciably smaller bodied than non-endemics within the NWHI. Median body size did not vary with latitude and longitude for either endemics or non-endemics, negating environmental effects. Reef fish populations at higher latitude reefs included larger proportions of young-of-year (YOY) recruits. YOY length frequencies did not differ for most species between northern and southern reefs, suggesting that a seasonal lag in spawning and recruitment at higher latitudes cannot explain the greater YOY densities observed there. Disproportionate recruitment at higher-latitude reefs may be related to better growth and survivorship after settlement onto reefs, higher levels of within-reef and regional reseeding at higher latitudes, or other factors. Resolution of these issues will be difficult, but it is profoundly important to the future siting of no-take Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) within the NWHI Coral Reef Ecosystem Reserve and to the rational conservation and management of reef fish resources throughout the Hawaiian Archipelago. JF - Marine Ecology Progress Series AU - DeMartini, EE AU - Friedlander, A M AD - NOAA Fisheries, Pacific Island Fisheries Science Center, 2570 Dole Street, Honolulu, HI 96822-2396, USA, edward.demartini@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/04/28/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Apr 28 SP - 281 EP - 296 VL - 271 SN - 0171-8630, 0171-8630 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Pisces KW - Endemic species KW - Islands KW - Spatial distribution KW - USA, Hawaii KW - Coral reefs KW - Conservation KW - D 04668:Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17979770?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.atitle=Spatial+patterns+of+endemism+in+shallow-water+reef+fish+populations+of+the+Northwestern+Hawaiian+Islands&rft.au=DeMartini%2C+EE%3BFriedlander%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=DeMartini&rft.aufirst=EE&rft.date=2004-04-28&rft.volume=271&rft.issue=&rft.spage=281&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.issn=01718630&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pisces; USA, Hawaii; Spatial distribution; Endemic species; Coral reefs; Islands; Conservation ER - TY - RPRT T1 - AMENDMENT 2 TO THE MONKFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN (DRAFT SUPPLEMENTAL TO THE FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT OF JANUARY 1999). [Part 1 of 1] T2 - AMENDMENT 2 TO THE MONKFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN (DRAFT SUPPLEMENTAL TO THE FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT OF JANUARY 1999). AN - 36358657; 10748-040195_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The amendment of the fishery management plan (FMP) for monkfish in the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) along the north Atlantic coast from Labrador to Virginia and along the Outer Continental Shelf from Georges Bank to North Carolina is proposed. The monkfish (or goosefish) is a widely distributed benthic fish that is landed as a bycatch from groundfish and scallop fishing. Landings from bycatch and directed fishing have increased dramatically in recent years. The alternatives include possible changes to the way monkfish days at sea (DAS) must be used by vessels with a limited access permit in monkfish and either multispecies or scallop fisheries. Permit category C and D vessels (those with limited access scallop or multispecies permits) are currently required to use either a scallop or multispecies DAS when on a monkfish DAS. The governing authorities are considering an alternative that would provide those vessels the option to use their DAS separately. Within the separated DAS alternatives include a number of options on how to configure the DAS program (allocate individual or fleet DAS, allow DAS leasing or transferability, and implement as an area-based or annual declaration of a separated DAS program). Trawl gear configuration options are also considered. As for the impact of potentially increased effort on the rebuilding of the monkfish resource, the program estblished in Framework 2 in April of 2003 sets annual harvest targets and associated trip limits and DAS allocations based on the observed status of each stock relative to annual biomass rebuilding targets. Thus, if monkfish fishing effort were to increase to a level that jeopardized the rebuilding program, measures are already in place to adjust trip limits and/or allocated DAS. The amendment could also modify incidental catch limits for vessels in other fisheries. Another bycatch reduction component of the amendment would change or eliminate the monkfish minimum fish size regulation. The amendment would restore the offshore monkfish fishery displaced by the original FMP regulations that set trip limits and DAS usage requirements in such a way that some vessels could not profitably exploit the fishery; the new program would require an annual declaration and would allow participating vessels to fish at a higher trip limit than other monkfish vessels, on a proportionately reduced number of DAS. Some areas containing deep-sea corals would be closed to fishing. The limited access permit qualification criteria for vessels at the southern end of the range of the fishery that did not qualify under the original FMP would be modified; only a small number of vessels would be affected. A range of alternatives are considered to meet the goal of minimizing the effect of the fishery on essential fish habitat; these are largely limited to trawl gear configuration restrictions. A number of administrative measures would also be included in the amendment. Issues left out of the amendment include protection of sea turtles against interactions with gillnet gear off the North Carolina/Virginia coast and completion of a mandatory five-year review of the elements of the FMP pertaining to essential fish habitat requirements. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Under the amendment, monkfish would be protected from the effects of overfishing and overfished stocks would be rebuilt as necessary. In addition, the amendment would address problems created by the implementation of the FMP, promote improved data collection and research on monkfish, address deficiencies in meeting federal requirements, address interactions between protected resources and the fishery, and reduce FMP complexity where possible. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Limits on DAS, gear restrictions, and area closures could result in economic hardships for some fishing and processing interests, but these would not be significant in most cases. Continued use of certain gillnets would engender risk to federally protected sea turtle populations, and some damage to essential fish habitat would continue to occur. LEGAL MANDATES: Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1451 et seq.), and Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs on Amendment 9 to the multispecies FMP, which addresses monkfish, see 97-0145D, Volume 21, Number 2 and 99-0097F, Volume 23, Number 1, respectively. JF - EPA number: 040195, ps, April 22, 2004 PY - 2004 EP - s, April 22 VL - 1 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Connecticut KW - Maine KW - Massachusetts KW - New Hampshire KW - New Jersey KW - New York KW - Rhode Island KW - Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, Compliance KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36358657?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-04-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=s&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=AMENDMENT+2+TO+THE+MONKFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+%28DRAFT+SUPPLEMENTAL+TO+THE+FINAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT+OF+JANUARY+1999%29.&rft.title=AMENDMENT+2+TO+THE+MONKFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+%28DRAFT+SUPPLEMENTAL+TO+THE+FINAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT+OF+JANUARY+1999%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: April 22, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - AMENDMENT 2 TO THE MONKFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN (DRAFT SUPPLEMENTAL TO THE FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT OF JANUARY 1999). AN - 16357399; 10748 AB - PURPOSE: The amendment of the fishery management plan (FMP) for monkfish in the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) along the north Atlantic coast from Labrador to Virginia and along the Outer Continental Shelf from Georges Bank to North Carolina is proposed. The monkfish (or goosefish) is a widely distributed benthic fish that is landed as a bycatch from groundfish and scallop fishing. Landings from bycatch and directed fishing have increased dramatically in recent years. The alternatives include possible changes to the way monkfish days at sea (DAS) must be used by vessels with a limited access permit in monkfish and either multispecies or scallop fisheries. Permit category C and D vessels (those with limited access scallop or multispecies permits) are currently required to use either a scallop or multispecies DAS when on a monkfish DAS. The governing authorities are considering an alternative that would provide those vessels the option to use their DAS separately. Within the separated DAS alternatives include a number of options on how to configure the DAS program (allocate individual or fleet DAS, allow DAS leasing or transferability, and implement as an area-based or annual declaration of a separated DAS program). Trawl gear configuration options are also considered. As for the impact of potentially increased effort on the rebuilding of the monkfish resource, the program estblished in Framework 2 in April of 2003 sets annual harvest targets and associated trip limits and DAS allocations based on the observed status of each stock relative to annual biomass rebuilding targets. Thus, if monkfish fishing effort were to increase to a level that jeopardized the rebuilding program, measures are already in place to adjust trip limits and/or allocated DAS. The amendment could also modify incidental catch limits for vessels in other fisheries. Another bycatch reduction component of the amendment would change or eliminate the monkfish minimum fish size regulation. The amendment would restore the offshore monkfish fishery displaced by the original FMP regulations that set trip limits and DAS usage requirements in such a way that some vessels could not profitably exploit the fishery; the new program would require an annual declaration and would allow participating vessels to fish at a higher trip limit than other monkfish vessels, on a proportionately reduced number of DAS. Some areas containing deep-sea corals would be closed to fishing. The limited access permit qualification criteria for vessels at the southern end of the range of the fishery that did not qualify under the original FMP would be modified; only a small number of vessels would be affected. A range of alternatives are considered to meet the goal of minimizing the effect of the fishery on essential fish habitat; these are largely limited to trawl gear configuration restrictions. A number of administrative measures would also be included in the amendment. Issues left out of the amendment include protection of sea turtles against interactions with gillnet gear off the North Carolina/Virginia coast and completion of a mandatory five-year review of the elements of the FMP pertaining to essential fish habitat requirements. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Under the amendment, monkfish would be protected from the effects of overfishing and overfished stocks would be rebuilt as necessary. In addition, the amendment would address problems created by the implementation of the FMP, promote improved data collection and research on monkfish, address deficiencies in meeting federal requirements, address interactions between protected resources and the fishery, and reduce FMP complexity where possible. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Limits on DAS, gear restrictions, and area closures could result in economic hardships for some fishing and processing interests, but these would not be significant in most cases. Continued use of certain gillnets would engender risk to federally protected sea turtle populations, and some damage to essential fish habitat would continue to occur. LEGAL MANDATES: Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1451 et seq.), and Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs on Amendment 9 to the multispecies FMP, which addresses monkfish, see 97-0145D, Volume 21, Number 2 and 99-0097F, Volume 23, Number 1, respectively. JF - EPA number: 040195, ps, April 22, 2004 PY - 2004 EP - s, April 22 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Connecticut KW - Maine KW - Massachusetts KW - New Hampshire KW - New Jersey KW - New York KW - Rhode Island KW - Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, Compliance KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16357399?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-04-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=s&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=AMENDMENT+2+TO+THE+MONKFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+%28DRAFT+SUPPLEMENTAL+TO+THE+FINAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT+OF+JANUARY+1999%29.&rft.title=AMENDMENT+2+TO+THE+MONKFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+%28DRAFT+SUPPLEMENTAL+TO+THE+FINAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT+OF+JANUARY+1999%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: April 22, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Defects in cardiac function precede morphological abnormalities in fish embryos exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons AN - 17985558; 5945440 AB - Fish embryos exposed to complex mixtures of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from petrogenic sources show a characteristic suite of abnormalities, including cardiac dysfunction, edema, spinal curvature, and reduction in the size of the jaw and other craniofacial structures. To elucidate the toxic mechanisms underlying these different defects, we exposed zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos to seven non-alkylated PAHs, including five two- to four-ring compounds that are abundant in crude oil and two compounds less abundant in oil but informative for structure-activity relationships. We also analyzed two PAH mixtures that approximate the composition of crude oil at different stages of weathering. Exposure to the three-ring PAHs dibenzothiophene and phenanthrene alone was sufficient to induce the characteristic suite of defects, as was genetic ablation of cardiac function using a cardiac troponin T antisense morpholino oligonucleotide. The primary etiology of defects induced by dibenzothiophene or phenanthrene appears to be direct effects on cardiac conduction, which have secondary consequences for late stages of cardiac morphogenesis, kidney development, neural tube structure, and formation of the craniofacial skeleton. The relative toxicity of the different mixtures was directly proportional to the amount of phenanthrene, or the dibenzothiophene-phenanthrene total in the mixture. Pyrene, a four-ring PAH, induced a different syndrome of anemia, peripheral vascular defects, and neuronal cell death, similar to the effects previously described for potent aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands. Therefore, different PAH compounds have distinct and specific effects on fish at early life history stages. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Incardona, J P AU - Collier, T K AU - Scholz, N L AD - Ecotoxicology and Environmental Fish Health Program, Environmental Conservation Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA 98112, USA, john.incardona@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/04/15/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Apr 15 SP - 191 EP - 205 PB - Elsevier Inc. VL - 196 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Zebra danio KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Heart KW - Danio rerio KW - Phenanthrene KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Thioxanthene KW - Embryos KW - Pyrene KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17985558?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Defects+in+cardiac+function+precede+morphological+abnormalities+in+fish+embryos+exposed+to+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons&rft.au=Incardona%2C+J+P%3BCollier%2C+T+K%3BScholz%2C+N+L&rft.aulast=Incardona&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2004-04-15&rft.volume=196&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.taap.2003.11.026 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Danio rerio; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Pyrene; Thioxanthene; Phenanthrene; Embryos; Heart DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2003.11.026 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying Stratospheric Ozone in the Upper Troposphere with in Situ Measurements of HCl AN - 16173815; 5873150 AB - We have developed a chemical ionization mass spectrometry technique for precise in situ measurements of hydrochloric acid (HCl) from a high-altitude aircraft. In measurements at subtropical latitudes, minimum HCl values found in the upper troposphere (UT) were often near or below the detection limit of the measurements (0.005 parts per billion by volume), indicating that background HCl values are much lower than a global mean estimate. However, significant abundances of HCl were observed in many UT air parcels, as a result of stratosphere-to-troposphere transport events. We developed a method for diagnosing the amount of stratospheric ozone in these UT parcels using the compact linear correlation of HCl with ozone found throughout the lower stratosphere (LS). Expanded use of this method will lead to improved quantification of cross-tropopause transport events and validation of global chemical transport models. JF - Science (Washington) AU - Marcy, T P AU - Fahey, D W AU - Gao, R S AU - Popp, P J AU - Richard, E C AU - Thompson, T L AU - Rosenlof, KH AU - Ray, E A AU - Salawitch, R J AU - Atherton, C S AU - Bergmann, D J AU - Ridley, BA AU - Weinheimer, A J AU - Loewenstein, M AU - Weinstock, E M AU - Mahoney, MJ AD - Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO 80305, USA, tmarcy@al.noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/04/09/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Apr 09 SP - 261 EP - 265 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1200 New York Avenue, NW Washington DC 20005 USA, [mailto:membership@aaas.org] VL - 304 IS - 5668 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - Hydrochloric acid KW - hydrochloric acid KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Hydrochloric acid in atmosphere KW - Atmospheric gases KW - Ozone in stratosphere KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Troposphere KW - Ion mass spectra KW - Stratosphere KW - Air pollution KW - Acids KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Analytical techniques KW - Emission measurements KW - Ozone exchange, stratosphere-troposphere KW - Chemical analysis KW - Atmospheric composition measurements KW - Ozone KW - M2 551.510.534:Ozone Layer (551.510.534) KW - M2 551.510.52:Troposphere (551.510.52) KW - Q2 09188:Atmospheric chemistry KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - M2 551.501:Methods of Observation/Computations (551.501) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16173815?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+%28Washington%29&rft.atitle=Quantifying+Stratospheric+Ozone+in+the+Upper+Troposphere+with+in+Situ+Measurements+of+HCl&rft.au=Marcy%2C+T+P%3BFahey%2C+D+W%3BGao%2C+R+S%3BPopp%2C+P+J%3BRichard%2C+E+C%3BThompson%2C+T+L%3BRosenlof%2C+KH%3BRay%2C+E+A%3BSalawitch%2C+R+J%3BAtherton%2C+C+S%3BBergmann%2C+D+J%3BRidley%2C+BA%3BWeinheimer%2C+A+J%3BLoewenstein%2C+M%3BWeinstock%2C+E+M%3BMahoney%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Marcy&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2004-04-09&rft.volume=304&rft.issue=5668&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+%28Washington%29&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Atmospheric gases; Acids; Analytical techniques; Atmospheric chemistry; Troposphere; Chemical analysis; Stratosphere; Ozone; Hydrochloric acid in atmosphere; Ozone in stratosphere; Mass spectrometry; Ion mass spectra; Ozone exchange, stratosphere-troposphere; Atmospheric composition measurements; Emission measurements ER - TY - RPRT T1 - PUGET SOUND CHINOOK HARVEST RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PLAN, WASHINGTON. AN - 36438186; 11336 AB - PURPOSE: The implementation of the 2004-2009 Puget Sound Chinook Harvest Resource Management Plan (RMP) is proposed to regulate the commercial, ceremonial, recreational, and subsistence salmon fisheries potentially affecting the federally protected Puget Sound Chinook Evolutionarily Significant Unit within the marine and freshwater areas of Puget Sound, Oregon and Washington. Fishery activities under the RMP would affect the listed Puget Sound Chinook and Hood Canal Summer-Run Chum Evolutionarily Significant Units. Key issues identified during scoping include those related to fish species, RMP economics, federal Native American treaty trust responsibilities, subsistence use, and wildlife habitat. Four alternatives, including an alternative that would prohibit the taking of the species of concern (Alternative 4), are considered in this draft EIS. Harvest objectives specified in the proposed RMP (Alternative 1) would account for fisheries-related mortality of Puget Sound Chinook through the migratory range of this species, which extends from Oregon and Washington to Southeast Alaska. The RMP would also include implementation, monitoring, and evaluation procedures designed to ensure fisheries are consistent with the RMP's objectives for conservation and use. The RMP would exclude Washington Commercial Salmon Management Catch Reporting Area 4B from May to September, when this area falls under the jurisdiction of the Pacific Fisheries Management Council. Salmon abundance is highly variable from year to year, both among Chinook populations and populations of other salmon species, requiring managers to formulate RMP measures that resend to the population abundance conditions particular to the year at hand. Therefore, the RMP does not include the specific details of the annual fishing regime with respect to the location of fisheries, harvest gear allowed to be used, or harvest allocation among gear types, areas, or individual fishery operators. This abbreviated final EIS provides a short introduction and public comments and responses. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Among the alternatives considered, the proposed RMP alternative would provide the best means of balancing resource conservation, Native American trust obligations, promotion of sustainable fisheries, prevention of lost economic potential associated with over fishing, declining species, and degraded habitats. The preferred RMP would not appreciably reduce the likelihood of survival and recovery of the Chinook populations of concern. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Gear restrictions, area closures, and take quotas would limit access to the fishery, resulting in economic losses for some operators during particular fishing seasons; subsistence fishery users could be affected by these limitations, as could tribal ceremonial and traditional users. The use of certain gear types would continue to cause damage to fish habitat, possibly including essential fish habitat. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0170D, Volume 28, Number 4. JF - EPA number: 040602, 1,291 pages, April 8, 2004 PY - 2004 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fish KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Regulations KW - Subsistence KW - Alaska KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36438186?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-04-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=PUGET+SOUND+CHINOOK+HARVEST+RESOURCE+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=PUGET+SOUND+CHINOOK+HARVEST+RESOURCE+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: April 8, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - PUGET SOUND CHINOOK HARVEST RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PLAN, WASHINGTON. [Part 1 of 1] T2 - PUGET SOUND CHINOOK HARVEST RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PLAN, WASHINGTON. AN - 36370115; 11336-040602_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The implementation of the 2004-2009 Puget Sound Chinook Harvest Resource Management Plan (RMP) is proposed to regulate the commercial, ceremonial, recreational, and subsistence salmon fisheries potentially affecting the federally protected Puget Sound Chinook Evolutionarily Significant Unit within the marine and freshwater areas of Puget Sound, Oregon and Washington. Fishery activities under the RMP would affect the listed Puget Sound Chinook and Hood Canal Summer-Run Chum Evolutionarily Significant Units. Key issues identified during scoping include those related to fish species, RMP economics, federal Native American treaty trust responsibilities, subsistence use, and wildlife habitat. Four alternatives, including an alternative that would prohibit the taking of the species of concern (Alternative 4), are considered in this draft EIS. Harvest objectives specified in the proposed RMP (Alternative 1) would account for fisheries-related mortality of Puget Sound Chinook through the migratory range of this species, which extends from Oregon and Washington to Southeast Alaska. The RMP would also include implementation, monitoring, and evaluation procedures designed to ensure fisheries are consistent with the RMP's objectives for conservation and use. The RMP would exclude Washington Commercial Salmon Management Catch Reporting Area 4B from May to September, when this area falls under the jurisdiction of the Pacific Fisheries Management Council. Salmon abundance is highly variable from year to year, both among Chinook populations and populations of other salmon species, requiring managers to formulate RMP measures that resend to the population abundance conditions particular to the year at hand. Therefore, the RMP does not include the specific details of the annual fishing regime with respect to the location of fisheries, harvest gear allowed to be used, or harvest allocation among gear types, areas, or individual fishery operators. This abbreviated final EIS provides a short introduction and public comments and responses. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Among the alternatives considered, the proposed RMP alternative would provide the best means of balancing resource conservation, Native American trust obligations, promotion of sustainable fisheries, prevention of lost economic potential associated with over fishing, declining species, and degraded habitats. The preferred RMP would not appreciably reduce the likelihood of survival and recovery of the Chinook populations of concern. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Gear restrictions, area closures, and take quotas would limit access to the fishery, resulting in economic losses for some operators during particular fishing seasons; subsistence fishery users could be affected by these limitations, as could tribal ceremonial and traditional users. The use of certain gear types would continue to cause damage to fish habitat, possibly including essential fish habitat. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0170D, Volume 28, Number 4. JF - EPA number: 040602, 1,291 pages, April 8, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 1 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fish KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Regulations KW - Subsistence KW - Alaska KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36370115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-04-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=PUGET+SOUND+CHINOOK+HARVEST+RESOURCE+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=PUGET+SOUND+CHINOOK+HARVEST+RESOURCE+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: April 8, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - PHIPPS OCEAN PARK BEACH RESTORATION PROJECT,TOWN OF PALM BEACH, PALM BEACH COUNTY, FLORIDA (FINAL SUPPLEMENT TO THE FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36433513; 10718 AB - PURPOSE: The provision of shore protection for the shoreline surrounding Phipps Ocean Park within the town of Palm Beach, Florida is proposed. The study area suffers from critical erosion due to littoral drift attributable to Lake Worth Inlet and the adjacent armored shoreline and the existing headland features surrounding the area. Shoreline conditions and structures updrift of the project area exacerbate the erosion problem and, if remedial action is not taken, these conditions will lead to significant future erosion along the project area shoreline and the shoreline to the south. The recommended plan (Alternative 3) would include placement of approximately 1.5 million cubic yards of fill over approximately 1.9 miles of beach, between Florida Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) Monuments R-116 and R-126 and installation of 3.1 acres of hardbottom reef. Sand compatible with the existing beech would be obtained from two borrow areas located approximately 3,500 feet offshore between 1.5 and 2.6 miles south of the fill site. Fill would be transferred from the orrow areas by hydraulic dredge; construction by hopper dredge would not be allowed to avoid impacts to hardbottom biological communities in the vicinity of the borrow areas. Geotechnical analysis of the borrow area indicates that the material is suitable for he restoration of the beach and suitable for use by nesting sea turtles and subsequent hatching success. The borrow areas have been designed with buffer zones to avoid impacts to hardbottom communities in the vicinity of the areas. Mitigation of hardbottom communities within the fill area would be implemented. In addition to the proposed action, this draft EIS considers a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1) and an alternative involving beach nourishment in combination with the placement of groin structures (Alternative 2). Estimated cost of the preferred alternative is $9.3 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The recommended plan would mitigate long-term erosion impacts along Lake Worth Inlet and the armored coastline north of the project area; provide and maintain storm protection to upland improvements in the area; restore and maintain the beach for public recreational use; and restore and maintain the beach for marine turtle nesting purposes. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Dredging from the borrow sites and deposition of dredged sand at the shoreline would result in destruction of benthic organisms and benthic habitat, though benthic habitat at the dredging sites would recover. Hardbottom habitat would be significantly disturbed. During deposition of sand along the shoreline, recreational uses of the beach would be marred significantly. Beach fill activities could impact sea turtle nesting and/or hatching success. Dredging would result in a temporarily increase in turbidity in the localized water column. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 02-0471D, Volume 26, Number 4. JF - EPA number: 040163, 1,996 pages, April 5, 2004 PY - 2004 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Beaches KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Coastal Zones KW - Dredging KW - Dredging Surveys KW - Erosion KW - Erosion Control KW - Fish KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Geologic Assessments KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Shores KW - Water Quality KW - Florida KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36433513?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-04-05&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=PHIPPS+OCEAN+PARK+BEACH+RESTORATION+PROJECT%2CTOWN+OF+PALM+BEACH%2C+PALM+BEACH+COUNTY%2C+FLORIDA+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENT+TO+THE+FINAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=PHIPPS+OCEAN+PARK+BEACH+RESTORATION+PROJECT%2CTOWN+OF+PALM+BEACH%2C+PALM+BEACH+COUNTY%2C+FLORIDA+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENT+TO+THE+FINAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Jacksonville, Florida; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: April 5, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - PHIPPS OCEAN PARK BEACH RESTORATION PROJECT,TOWN OF PALM BEACH, PALM BEACH COUNTY, FLORIDA (FINAL SUPPLEMENT TO THE FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 1 of 1] T2 - PHIPPS OCEAN PARK BEACH RESTORATION PROJECT,TOWN OF PALM BEACH, PALM BEACH COUNTY, FLORIDA (FINAL SUPPLEMENT TO THE FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 36356575; 10718-040163_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The provision of shore protection for the shoreline surrounding Phipps Ocean Park within the town of Palm Beach, Florida is proposed. The study area suffers from critical erosion due to littoral drift attributable to Lake Worth Inlet and the adjacent armored shoreline and the existing headland features surrounding the area. Shoreline conditions and structures updrift of the project area exacerbate the erosion problem and, if remedial action is not taken, these conditions will lead to significant future erosion along the project area shoreline and the shoreline to the south. The recommended plan (Alternative 3) would include placement of approximately 1.5 million cubic yards of fill over approximately 1.9 miles of beach, between Florida Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) Monuments R-116 and R-126 and installation of 3.1 acres of hardbottom reef. Sand compatible with the existing beech would be obtained from two borrow areas located approximately 3,500 feet offshore between 1.5 and 2.6 miles south of the fill site. Fill would be transferred from the orrow areas by hydraulic dredge; construction by hopper dredge would not be allowed to avoid impacts to hardbottom biological communities in the vicinity of the borrow areas. Geotechnical analysis of the borrow area indicates that the material is suitable for he restoration of the beach and suitable for use by nesting sea turtles and subsequent hatching success. The borrow areas have been designed with buffer zones to avoid impacts to hardbottom communities in the vicinity of the areas. Mitigation of hardbottom communities within the fill area would be implemented. In addition to the proposed action, this draft EIS considers a No Action Alternative (Alternative 1) and an alternative involving beach nourishment in combination with the placement of groin structures (Alternative 2). Estimated cost of the preferred alternative is $9.3 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The recommended plan would mitigate long-term erosion impacts along Lake Worth Inlet and the armored coastline north of the project area; provide and maintain storm protection to upland improvements in the area; restore and maintain the beach for public recreational use; and restore and maintain the beach for marine turtle nesting purposes. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Dredging from the borrow sites and deposition of dredged sand at the shoreline would result in destruction of benthic organisms and benthic habitat, though benthic habitat at the dredging sites would recover. Hardbottom habitat would be significantly disturbed. During deposition of sand along the shoreline, recreational uses of the beach would be marred significantly. Beach fill activities could impact sea turtle nesting and/or hatching success. Dredging would result in a temporarily increase in turbidity in the localized water column. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 02-0471D, Volume 26, Number 4. JF - EPA number: 040163, 1,996 pages, April 5, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 1 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Beaches KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Coastal Zones KW - Dredging KW - Dredging Surveys KW - Erosion KW - Erosion Control KW - Fish KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Geologic Assessments KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Shores KW - Water Quality KW - Florida KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36356575?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-04-05&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=PHIPPS+OCEAN+PARK+BEACH+RESTORATION+PROJECT%2CTOWN+OF+PALM+BEACH%2C+PALM+BEACH+COUNTY%2C+FLORIDA+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENT+TO+THE+FINAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=PHIPPS+OCEAN+PARK+BEACH+RESTORATION+PROJECT%2CTOWN+OF+PALM+BEACH%2C+PALM+BEACH+COUNTY%2C+FLORIDA+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENT+TO+THE+FINAL+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Jacksonville, Florida; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: April 5, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pharmacokinetics of oxytetracycline in the white shrimp, Litopenaeus setiferus AN - 18030531; 5933375 AB - Shrimp are among the most highly valued seafood in the US, and a large proportion are cultured. At least seven species of Vibrio bacteria and other pathogens often infect shrimp during some stage of culture, having profound impacts on productivity. The research described herein was conducted to optimize dosing to allow effective disease control while minimizing environmental residues. Pharmacokinetics of oxytetracycline (OTC), a broad spectrum antibiotic were evaluated in the white shrimp, Litopenaeus setiferus, to characterize its disposition and to determine its potential for use in farm-raised shrimp for the treatment of Vibrio infections. Intravascular dosing and sampling techniques were developed, since this was the first pharmacokinetic study in shrimp using survival sampling. Pharmacokinetics of OTC were evaluated after single low and high bolus intravascular doses and hemolymph sampling. Tissue distribution was investigated after systemic administration, and protein binding was studied in hemolymph isolated from shrimp using ultrafiltration. The hemolymph and tissue levels of OTC were measured by HPLC and fitted to appropriate pharmacokinetic models to characterize the disposition of OTC in shrimp. Hemolymph OTC concentration-time profiles were well described by a biexponential equation indicative of two-compartment pharmacokinetics of OTC in shrimp. The half-lives of distribution and elimination were 2.05 plus or minus 0.48 and 22.27 plus or minus 7.45 h, respectively. Systemic clearance and steady-state volume of distribution were 78.04 plus or minus 24.33 ml/h/kg and 2304 plus or minus 280 ml/kg, respectively. OTC levels in tail muscle (% of total body burden) were significantly lower than in hemolymph, minimizing concerns of OTC residue in edible shrimp tissue after OTC treatment. Hemolymph protein binding of OTC was found to be low with almost 80% free OTC available systemically, supporting the high volume of distribution observed. Despite the simple anatomy, small size and short life span of shrimp, the disposition of OTC in shrimp after intravascular dosing showed pharmacokinetic characteristics indicative of extensive tissue distribution, such as a long elimination half-life and a high volume of distribution, with the low potential for OTC residues in tail muscle tissue. Our results suggest that shrimp given a therapeutic dose of OTC (i.e., sufficient to exceed the MIC) will have no detectable OTC levels in edible tissues 14 days following withdrawal. However, the salt form and formulation of OTC in feeds can impact dissolution, bioavailability, pharmacokinetics and, hence, tissue residues. Thus, withdrawal times should not be drug or agent specific but product and formulation specific. These results must be confirmed with oral dosing studies and bioavailability determinations that are underway in our laboratory. JF - Aquaculture AU - Reed, LA AU - Siewicki, T C AU - Shah, J C AD - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA, LouAnn.Reed@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/04/05/ PY - 2004 DA - 2004 Apr 05 SP - 11 EP - 28 VL - 232 IS - 1-4 SN - 0044-8486, 0044-8486 KW - HPLC KW - Northern white shrimp KW - Optimum dose KW - Oxytetracycline KW - Tissue residues KW - White shrimp KW - ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - High-performance liquid chromatography KW - Tissues KW - Litopenaeus setiferus KW - Pharmacology KW - Human food KW - Disease control KW - Antibiotics KW - Cultured organisms KW - Chemical kinetics KW - Public health KW - Consumers KW - Seafood KW - Drugs KW - Marine crustaceans KW - Aquaculture products KW - Pathogenic bacteria KW - Shrimp culture KW - Bacterial diseases KW - Husbandry diseases KW - shrimp culture KW - Pharmacokinetics KW - Vibrio KW - Haemolymph KW - Q3 08583:Shellfish culture KW - Q4 27320:Shellfish culture (mollusks, crustacea) KW - Q1 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms KW - O 5060:Aquaculture KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/18030531?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquaculture&rft.atitle=Pharmacokinetics+of+oxytetracycline+in+the+white+shrimp%2C+Litopenaeus+setiferus&rft.au=Reed%2C+LA%3BSiewicki%2C+T+C%3BShah%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Reed&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=2004-04-05&rft.volume=232&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquaculture&rft.issn=00448486&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0044-8486%2803%2900451-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tissues; Shrimp culture; Pathogenic bacteria; Pharmacology; Human food; Husbandry diseases; Bacterial diseases; Disease control; Antibiotics; Cultured organisms; Chemical kinetics; Public health; Haemolymph; Consumers; Seafood; Marine crustaceans; Drugs; Aquaculture products; High-performance liquid chromatography; shrimp culture; Oxytetracycline; Pharmacokinetics; Vibrio; Litopenaeus setiferus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(03)00451-4 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - FRAMEWORK ADJUSTMENT 4 TO THE ATLANTIC MACKEREL, SQUID, AND BUTTERFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN. AN - 36435530; 10715 AB - PURPOSE: The implementation of a framework adjustment to the fishery management plan (FMP) for Atlantic mackerel, squid, and butterfish is proposed to address the declining squid stock. Prior to the 1980s, the fishery for squid was exploited primarily by foreign operators. With the implementation of the FMP covering squid and the other two species and subsequent amendments to the FMP, the squid fishery has become fully Americanized. At the same time that the domestic fishery was undergoing development, new biological data became available that indicated that the squid species of interest is an annual species. This resulted in downwardly revised estimates of the sustainable yield for this fishery. The simultaneous growth of the domestic fishery and reduction in the estimated sustainable yield resulted in the squid fishery moving towards a fully capitalized and exploited state. As a result, a limited entry program became necessary and was implemented under Amendment 5 to the FMP. However, due to concerns that capacity might be insufficient to fully exploit the annual quota, a five-year sunset provision was placed on the squid moratorium when it was implemented under Amendment 5. The sunset provision for the moratorium on entry into the squid fishery, implemented in 1997, was set to expire in July 2002, but was extended for one year under Framework Adjustment 2. Framework Adjustment 3 further extended the moratorium until July 2004. The sole purpose of the framework adjustment proposed in this EIS process is to extend the moratorium on entry into the fishery while the Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council (Council) addresses this issue in Amendment 9 to the FMP. Three alternative framework adjustments, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 3), are considered in this draft EIS. The preferred alternative (Alternative 1) would extend the moratorium on entry to the squid fishery for an additional five years; this would represent the most restrictive approach to the fishery of those under all alternatives considered. POSITIVE IMPACTS: A five-year extension of the moratorium would provide the maximum protection to the Atlantic squid species, allowing ample time to rebuild the stock and providing the Council a sufficient period to examine the impact of the moratorium on the fishery. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: NONE. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0085D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040160, 226 pages, April 2, 2004 PY - 2004 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Conservation KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Regulations KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Connecticut KW - Delaware KW - Florida KW - Georgia KW - Maine KW - Massachusetts KW - New Hampshire KW - New Jersey KW - New York KW - North Carolina KW - Rhode Island KW - South Carolina KW - Virginia KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36435530?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-04-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=FRAMEWORK+ADJUSTMENT+4+TO+THE+ATLANTIC+MACKEREL%2C+SQUID%2C+AND+BUTTERFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN.&rft.title=FRAMEWORK+ADJUSTMENT+4+TO+THE+ATLANTIC+MACKEREL%2C+SQUID%2C+AND+BUTTERFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: April 2, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - AMENDMENT 16-3 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH MANAGEMENT PLAN REBUILDING PLANS FOR BOCACCIO, COWCOD, WIDOW ROCKFISH, AND YELLOWEYE ROCKFISH. [Part 1 of 1] T2 - AMENDMENT 16-3 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH MANAGEMENT PLAN REBUILDING PLANS FOR BOCACCIO, COWCOD, WIDOW ROCKFISH, AND YELLOWEYE ROCKFISH. AN - 36362812; 10713-040158_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The amendment of the Pacific Coast groundfish fishery management plan (FMP) is proposed to set strategic rebuilding parameters to guide stock rebuilding for bocaccio, cowcod, widow rockfish, and yelloweye rockfish. The fishery management plan would address fishing effort with respect to these species within the Exclusive Economic Zone off the coasts of California, Oregon, and Washington. The Department of Commerce has declared nine fish species managed under the FMP to be overfished. Amendment 16-3, proposed here, would adopt rebuilding plans for four of the nine species in order to rebuild these stocks to a size capable of supporting maximum sustainable yield (MSY) or to a stock size less than this if such stock size results in long-term net benefit to the nation. This draft EIS evaluates alternatives offering various strategic rebuilding parameters covering harvest rate, the probability that each stock would rebuild in the maximum statutorily permitted time period, and the median, or most likely, year in which the stock would be rebuilt to its target biomass. A range of management measures, implemented through the biennial harvest specification process, would be used to constrain total fishing mortality within levels identified by these parameters. Five alternatives, including a No Action Alternative, are considered. Each alternative specifies strategic rebuilding parameters in terms of fishing mortality rate, the estimated probability of rebuilding a stock within a standard time period, and the target year for a fish stock to be completely rebuilt. Trip limits, catch quotas, area closures, season limits, and gear restrictions would be typical of the management measures adopted to control fishing effort. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed measures would assist in allowing the stocks of the four target species to be return to MSY levels or levels coming close enough to MSY to prevent any of the species from being classified as endangered under federal criteria. The economic viability of the fisheries would be maintained. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Some MSY recovery periods would be extremely protracted, placing the affected species at risk for significant population declines at times during the rebuilding period. Fishery closures and other restrictions would result in economic stress for some fishing communities. Damage to fishery habitat would depend on the intensity of fishing effort in local areas. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 040158, Draft EIS--267 pages, Appendices--444 pages, April 2, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 1 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Regulations KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36362812?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-04-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=AMENDMENT+16-3+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+REBUILDING+PLANS+FOR+BOCACCIO%2C+COWCOD%2C+WIDOW+ROCKFISH%2C+AND+YELLOWEYE+ROCKFISH.&rft.title=AMENDMENT+16-3+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+REBUILDING+PLANS+FOR+BOCACCIO%2C+COWCOD%2C+WIDOW+ROCKFISH%2C+AND+YELLOWEYE+ROCKFISH.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: April 2, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - FRAMEWORK ADJUSTMENT 4 TO THE ATLANTIC MACKEREL, SQUID, AND BUTTERFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN. [Part 1 of 1] T2 - FRAMEWORK ADJUSTMENT 4 TO THE ATLANTIC MACKEREL, SQUID, AND BUTTERFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN. AN - 36352466; 10715-040160_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The implementation of a framework adjustment to the fishery management plan (FMP) for Atlantic mackerel, squid, and butterfish is proposed to address the declining squid stock. Prior to the 1980s, the fishery for squid was exploited primarily by foreign operators. With the implementation of the FMP covering squid and the other two species and subsequent amendments to the FMP, the squid fishery has become fully Americanized. At the same time that the domestic fishery was undergoing development, new biological data became available that indicated that the squid species of interest is an annual species. This resulted in downwardly revised estimates of the sustainable yield for this fishery. The simultaneous growth of the domestic fishery and reduction in the estimated sustainable yield resulted in the squid fishery moving towards a fully capitalized and exploited state. As a result, a limited entry program became necessary and was implemented under Amendment 5 to the FMP. However, due to concerns that capacity might be insufficient to fully exploit the annual quota, a five-year sunset provision was placed on the squid moratorium when it was implemented under Amendment 5. The sunset provision for the moratorium on entry into the squid fishery, implemented in 1997, was set to expire in July 2002, but was extended for one year under Framework Adjustment 2. Framework Adjustment 3 further extended the moratorium until July 2004. The sole purpose of the framework adjustment proposed in this EIS process is to extend the moratorium on entry into the fishery while the Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council (Council) addresses this issue in Amendment 9 to the FMP. Three alternative framework adjustments, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative 3), are considered in this draft EIS. The preferred alternative (Alternative 1) would extend the moratorium on entry to the squid fishery for an additional five years; this would represent the most restrictive approach to the fishery of those under all alternatives considered. POSITIVE IMPACTS: A five-year extension of the moratorium would provide the maximum protection to the Atlantic squid species, allowing ample time to rebuild the stock and providing the Council a sufficient period to examine the impact of the moratorium on the fishery. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: NONE. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0085D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040160, 226 pages, April 2, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 1 KW - Parks, Refuges and Forests KW - Conservation KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Regulations KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Connecticut KW - Delaware KW - Florida KW - Georgia KW - Maine KW - Massachusetts KW - New Hampshire KW - New Jersey KW - New York KW - North Carolina KW - Rhode Island KW - South Carolina KW - Virginia KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36352466?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-04-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=FRAMEWORK+ADJUSTMENT+4+TO+THE+ATLANTIC+MACKEREL%2C+SQUID%2C+AND+BUTTERFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN.&rft.title=FRAMEWORK+ADJUSTMENT+4+TO+THE+ATLANTIC+MACKEREL%2C+SQUID%2C+AND+BUTTERFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: April 2, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improved thermal stability of organically modified layered silicates AN - 51824204; 2004-057642 AB - Bromide-containing impurities were found to decrease the thermal stability of quaternary alkyl ammonium-modified layered silicates. Improved purification procedures completely removed bromide and led to a 20 degrees C to >100 degrees C increase in organic modified layered silicate thermal stability. Using mass spectrometry and thermal and electrochemical analysis, N,N-dimethyl-N,N-dioctadecyl quaternary ammonium-modified montmorillonite and fluorinated synthetic mica were found to degrade primarily through elimination and nucleophilic attack by these anions. The nature of residual bromides was identified and quantified, and the efficiency of removing these anions was found to be solvent dependent; sequential extraction, first ethanol then tetrahydrofuran, gave the best results. This exhaustive extraction method represents a viable alternative to the use of expensive, more thermally stable oniumion treatments for layered silicates. JF - Clays and Clay Minerals AU - Davis, Rick D AU - Gilman, Jeffrey W AU - Sutto, Thomas E AU - Callahan, John H AU - Trulove, Paul C AU - de Long, Hugh C Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 171 EP - 179 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Clarkson, NY VL - 52 IS - 2 SN - 0009-8604, 0009-8604 KW - silicates KW - biodegradation KW - anions KW - ammonium KW - experimental studies KW - clay mineralogy KW - thermal properties KW - stability KW - electrochemical properties KW - nanocomposite KW - clay minerals KW - chemical properties KW - sheet silicates KW - mixed-layer minerals KW - thermodynamic properties KW - TGA data KW - geochemistry KW - synthetic materials KW - montmorillonite KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51824204?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.atitle=Improved+thermal+stability+of+organically+modified+layered+silicates&rft.au=Davis%2C+Rick+D%3BGilman%2C+Jeffrey+W%3BSutto%2C+Thomas+E%3BCallahan%2C+John+H%3BTrulove%2C+Paul+C%3Bde+Long%2C+Hugh+C&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Rick&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/10.1346%2FCCMN.2004.0520203 L2 - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/cms/ccm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonium; anions; biodegradation; chemical properties; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; electrochemical properties; experimental studies; geochemistry; mixed-layer minerals; montmorillonite; nanocomposite; sheet silicates; silicates; stability; synthetic materials; TGA data; thermal properties; thermodynamic properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.2004.0520203 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - P- and T-water detection thresholds, Pn velocity estimate, and detection of lower mantle and core P-waves on ocean sound-channel hydrophones at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge AN - 51821768; 2004-057688 AB - Since 1999 six Sound Fixing and Ranging (SOFAR) hydrophones have been moored along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) (15 degrees -35 degrees N). These hydrophones (8-bit data resolution) are designed for long-term monitoring of MAR seismicity using the acoustic T waves of seafloor earthquakes. The completeness level of the MAR T-wave earthquake catalog estimated from size-frequency constraints is m (sub b) approximately 3.0, a significant improvement in detection compared to the m (sub b) 4.6 completeness level estimated from National Earthquake Information Center magnitude-frequency data. The hydrophones also detect the acoustic phase of converted upper mantle P arrivals from regional earthquakes at epicentral distances of 374-1771 km and from events as small as m (sub b) 3.6. These regional P waves are used to estimate a Pn velocity of 8.0 + or - 0.1 km sec (super -1) along the east and west MAR flanks. An unexpected result was the identification of P arrivals from earthquakes outside the Atlantic Ocean basin. The hydrophones detected P waves from global earthquakes with magnitudes of 5.8-8.3 at epicentral distances ranging from 29.6 degrees to 167.2 degrees . Examination of travel times suggests these teleseismic P waves constitute the suite of body-wave arrivals from direct mantle P to outer- and inner-core reflected/refracted phases. The amplitudes of the teleseismic P waves also exhibit the typical solid-earth wave field phenomena of a P shadow zone and caustic at Delta approximately 144 degrees . These instruments offer a long-term, relatively low-cost alternative to ocean-bottom seismometers that allows for observation of Pn velocities and mantle/core phases arriving at normally inaccessible deep-sea locations. JF - Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America AU - Dziak, R P AU - Bohnenstiehl, D R AU - Matsumoto, H AU - Fox, C G AU - Smith, D K AU - Tolstoy, M AU - Lau, T K AU - Haxel, J H AU - Fowler, M J Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 665 EP - 677 PB - Seismological Society of America, Berkeley, CA VL - 94 IS - 2 SN - 0037-1106, 0037-1106 KW - P-waves KW - body waves KW - magnitude KW - mantle KW - elastic waves KW - frequency KW - teleseismic signals KW - depth KW - lower mantle KW - Mid-Atlantic Ridge KW - velocity structure KW - epicenters KW - core KW - seismic waves KW - arrival time KW - earthquakes KW - hydrophones KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 19:Seismology KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51821768?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=P-+and+T-water+detection+thresholds%2C+Pn+velocity+estimate%2C+and+detection+of+lower+mantle+and+core+P-waves+on+ocean+sound-channel+hydrophones+at+the+Mid-Atlantic+Ridge&rft.au=Dziak%2C+R+P%3BBohnenstiehl%2C+D+R%3BMatsumoto%2C+H%3BFox%2C+C+G%3BSmith%2C+D+K%3BTolstoy%2C+M%3BLau%2C+T+K%3BHaxel%2C+J+H%3BFowler%2C+M+J&rft.aulast=Dziak&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=94&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=665&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+Seismological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00371106&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - BSSAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arrival time; Atlantic Ocean; body waves; core; depth; earthquakes; elastic waves; epicenters; frequency; hydrophones; lower mantle; magnitude; mantle; Mid-Atlantic Ridge; P-waves; seismic waves; teleseismic signals; velocity structure ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Active deformation of the Gorda Plate; constraining deformation models with new geophysical data AN - 51815106; 2004-060789 AB - The Gorda plate, the southernmost fragment of the larger Juan de Fuca plate system, is an example of a nonrigidly deforming tectonic accommodation zone or buffer plate, absorbing deformation and allowing the surrounding larger plates to act in a more rigid fashion. Here we present a new structural analysis of the plate based on full-plate bathymetric coverage, augmented by seismic reflection data and earthquake moment tensors and locations. We interpret internal deformation of the Gorda plate as an asymmetrical flexural-slip buckle with a vertical axis, utilizing reactivation of spreading-ridge fabric normal faults as strike-slip faults. Newly formed second-generation faults crosscutting the structural grain overprint the reactivated structures. The spreading fabric faults finally begin a second phase of extension as the plate approaches the subduction zone. This model, based on fault constraints, has allowed investigation of ridge-plate-subduction interactions, and suggests that spreading-rate variations along the Gorda Ridge may be controlled by internal deformation of the plate rather than the reverse, as previously hypothesized. JF - Geology (Boulder) AU - Chaytor, Jason D AU - Goldfinger, Chris AU - Dziak, Robert P AU - Fox, Christopher G Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 353 EP - 356 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 32 IS - 4 SN - 0091-7613, 0091-7613 KW - Northeast Pacific KW - geophysical surveys KW - strike-slip faults KW - seismicity KW - normal faults KW - Gorda Plate KW - sea-floor spreading KW - ocean floors KW - faults KW - East Pacific KW - structural analysis KW - mechanical properties KW - morphostructures KW - deformation KW - reactivation KW - flexural-slip KW - Gorda Rise KW - plate tectonics KW - North Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - surveys KW - bathymetry KW - accommodation zones KW - mid-ocean ridges KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51815106?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.atitle=Active+deformation+of+the+Gorda+Plate%3B+constraining+deformation+models+with+new+geophysical+data&rft.au=Chaytor%2C+Jason+D%3BGoldfinger%2C+Chris%3BDziak%2C+Robert+P%3BFox%2C+Christopher+G&rft.aulast=Chaytor&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=353&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geology+%28Boulder%29&rft.issn=00917613&rft_id=info:doi/10.1130%2FG20178.2 L2 - http://www.gsajournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - With GSA Data Repository Item 2004057 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GLGYBA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accommodation zones; bathymetry; deformation; East Pacific; faults; flexural-slip; geophysical surveys; Gorda Plate; Gorda Rise; mechanical properties; mid-ocean ridges; morphostructures; normal faults; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; ocean floors; Pacific Ocean; plate tectonics; reactivation; sea-floor spreading; seismicity; strike-slip faults; structural analysis; surveys DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G20178.2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Streamflow and water balance intercomparisons of four land surface models in the North American Land Data Assimilation System project AN - 51815031; 2004-063656 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Lohmann, Dag AU - Mitchell, Kenneth E AU - Houser, Paul R AU - Wood, Eric F AU - Schaake, John C AU - Robock, Alan AU - Cosgrove, Brian A AU - Sheffield, Justin AU - Duan, Qingyun AU - Luo, Lifeng AU - Higgins, R Wayne AU - Pinker, Rachel T AU - Tarpley, J Dan Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 22 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 109 IS - D7 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - United States KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - land cover KW - snowmelt KW - surface water KW - water management KW - water balance KW - evapotranspiration KW - Canada KW - streamflow KW - tree line KW - ice KW - snow KW - runoff KW - hydrodynamics KW - meltwater KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51815031?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Streamflow+and+water+balance+intercomparisons+of+four+land+surface+models+in+the+North+American+Land+Data+Assimilation+System+project&rft.au=Lohmann%2C+Dag%3BMitchell%2C+Kenneth+E%3BHouser%2C+Paul+R%3BWood%2C+Eric+F%3BSchaake%2C+John+C%3BRobock%2C+Alan%3BCosgrove%2C+Brian+A%3BSheffield%2C+Justin%3BDuan%2C+Qingyun%3BLuo%2C+Lifeng%3BHiggins%2C+R+Wayne%3BPinker%2C+Rachel+T%3BTarpley%2C+J+Dan&rft.aulast=Lohmann&rft.aufirst=Dag&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=D7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003JD003517 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Canada; evapotranspiration; hydrodynamics; hydrology; ice; land cover; meltwater; runoff; snow; snowmelt; soils; streamflow; surface water; tree line; United States; water balance; water management DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JD003517 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of data length on optimal parameter and uncertainty estimation of a land surface model AN - 51814116; 2004-063654 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Xia, Youlong AU - Yang, Zong-Liang AU - Jackson, Charles AU - Stoffa, Paul L AU - Sen, Mrinal K Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 13 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 109 IS - D7 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - moisture KW - data processing KW - optimization KW - calibration KW - evapotranspiration KW - errors KW - factors KW - stochastic processes KW - runoff KW - water content KW - climate KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51814116?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+data+length+on+optimal+parameter+and+uncertainty+estimation+of+a+land+surface+model&rft.au=Xia%2C+Youlong%3BYang%2C+Zong-Liang%3BJackson%2C+Charles%3BStoffa%2C+Paul+L%3BSen%2C+Mrinal+K&rft.aulast=Xia&rft.aufirst=Youlong&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=D7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003JD004419 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - calibration; climate; data processing; errors; evapotranspiration; factors; hydrology; moisture; optimization; runoff; soils; stochastic processes; water content DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JD004419 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of ocean carbon cycle models with data-based metrics AN - 51811794; 2004-065846 JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Matsumoto, K AU - Sarmiento, J L AU - Key, R M AU - Aumont, O AU - Bullister, J L AU - Caldeira, K AU - Campin, J M AU - Doney, S C AU - Drange, H AU - Dutay, J C AU - Follows, M AU - Gao, Y AU - Gnanadesikan, A AU - Gruber, N AU - Ishida, A AU - Joos, F AU - Lindsay, K AU - Maier-Reimer, E AU - Marshall, J C AU - Matear, R J AU - Monfray, P AU - Mouchet, A AU - Najjar, R AU - Plattner, G K AU - Schlitzer, R AU - Slater, R AU - Swathi, P S AU - Totterdell, I J AU - Weirig, M F AU - Yamanaka, Y AU - Yool, A AU - Orr, J C Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 4 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 31 IS - 7 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - general circulation models KW - ocean circulation KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - isotopes KW - air-sea interface KW - chlorofluorocarbons KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon dioxide KW - organic compounds KW - radioactive isotopes KW - North Atlantic Deep Water KW - quantitative analysis KW - marine environment KW - carbon KW - tracers KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - carbon cycle KW - C-14 KW - accuracy KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51811794?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+ocean+carbon+cycle+models+with+data-based+metrics&rft.au=Matsumoto%2C+K%3BSarmiento%2C+J+L%3BKey%2C+R+M%3BAumont%2C+O%3BBullister%2C+J+L%3BCaldeira%2C+K%3BCampin%2C+J+M%3BDoney%2C+S+C%3BDrange%2C+H%3BDutay%2C+J+C%3BFollows%2C+M%3BGao%2C+Y%3BGnanadesikan%2C+A%3BGruber%2C+N%3BIshida%2C+A%3BJoos%2C+F%3BLindsay%2C+K%3BMaier-Reimer%2C+E%3BMarshall%2C+J+C%3BMatear%2C+R+J%3BMonfray%2C+P%3BMouchet%2C+A%3BNajjar%2C+R%3BPlattner%2C+G+K%3BSchlitzer%2C+R%3BSlater%2C+R%3BSwathi%2C+P+S%3BTotterdell%2C+I+J%3BWeirig%2C+M+F%3BYamanaka%2C+Y%3BYool%2C+A%3BOrr%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Matsumoto&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003GL018970 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; air-sea interface; C-14; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; chlorofluorocarbons; general circulation models; geochemical cycle; halogenated hydrocarbons; isotopes; marine environment; North Atlantic Deep Water; numerical models; ocean circulation; organic compounds; quantitative analysis; radioactive isotopes; three-dimensional models; tracers DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003GL018970 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Southern Ocean iron enrichment experiment; carbon cycling in high- and low-Si waters AN - 51801257; 2004-075645 AB - The availability of iron is known to exert a controlling influence on biological productivity in surface waters over large areas of the ocean and may have been an important factor in the variation of the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide over glacial cycles. The effect of iron in the Southern Ocean is particularly important because of its large area and abundant nitrate, yet iron-enhanced growth of phytoplankton may be differentially expressed between waters with high silicic acid in the south and low silicic acid in the north, where diatom growth may be limited by both silicic acid and iron. Two mesoscale experiments, designed to investigate the effects of iron enrichment in regions with high and low concentrations of silicic acid, were performed in the Southern Ocean. These experiments demonstrate iron"s pivotal role in controlling carbon uptake and regulating atmospheric partial pressure of carbon dioxide. JF - Science AU - Coale, Kenneth H AU - Johnson, Kenneth S AU - Chavez, Francisco P AU - Buesseler, Ken O AU - Barber, Richard T AU - Brzezinski, Mark A AU - Cochlan, William P AU - Millero, Frank J AU - Falkowski, Paul G AU - Bauer, James E AU - Wanninkhof, Rik H AU - Kudela, Raphael M AU - Altabet, Mark A AU - Hales, Burke E AU - Takahashi, Taro AU - Landry, Michael R AU - Bidigare, Robert R AU - Wang, Xiujun AU - Chase, Zanna AU - Strutton, Peter G AU - Friederich, Gernot E AU - Gorbunov, Maxim Y AU - Lance, Veronica P AU - Hilting, Anna K AU - Hiscock, Michael R AU - Demarest, Mark AU - Hiscock, William T AU - Sullivan, Kevin F AU - Tanner, Sara J AU - Gordon, R Mike AU - Hunter, Craig N AU - Elrod, Virginia A AU - Fitzwater, Steve E AU - Jones, Janice L AU - Tozzi, Sasha AU - Koblizek, Michal AU - Roberts, Alice E AU - Herndon, Julian AU - Brewster, Jodi AU - Ladizinsky, Nicolas AU - Smith, Geoffrey AU - Cooper, David AU - Timothy, David AU - Brown, Susan L AU - Selph, Karen E AU - Sheridan, Cecelia C AU - Twining, Benjamin S AU - Johnson, Zackary I Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 408 EP - 414 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC VL - 304 IS - 5669 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - Southern Ocean KW - sea water KW - phytoplankton KW - last glacial maximum KW - biomass KW - paleo-oceanography KW - plankton KW - silicon KW - paleoclimatology KW - iron KW - carbon dioxide KW - Cenozoic KW - carbon KW - nitrate ion KW - geochemistry KW - productivity KW - concentration KW - ice cores KW - Quaternary KW - atmosphere KW - correlation KW - silicic acid KW - hydrochemistry KW - biota KW - geochemical cycle KW - nutrients KW - Antarctica KW - metals KW - carbon cycle KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51801257?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Southern+Ocean+iron+enrichment+experiment%3B+carbon+cycling+in+high-+and+low-Si+waters&rft.au=Coale%2C+Kenneth+H%3BJohnson%2C+Kenneth+S%3BChavez%2C+Francisco+P%3BBuesseler%2C+Ken+O%3BBarber%2C+Richard+T%3BBrzezinski%2C+Mark+A%3BCochlan%2C+William+P%3BMillero%2C+Frank+J%3BFalkowski%2C+Paul+G%3BBauer%2C+James+E%3BWanninkhof%2C+Rik+H%3BKudela%2C+Raphael+M%3BAltabet%2C+Mark+A%3BHales%2C+Burke+E%3BTakahashi%2C+Taro%3BLandry%2C+Michael+R%3BBidigare%2C+Robert+R%3BWang%2C+Xiujun%3BChase%2C+Zanna%3BStrutton%2C+Peter+G%3BFriederich%2C+Gernot+E%3BGorbunov%2C+Maxim+Y%3BLance%2C+Veronica+P%3BHilting%2C+Anna+K%3BHiscock%2C+Michael+R%3BDemarest%2C+Mark%3BHiscock%2C+William+T%3BSullivan%2C+Kevin+F%3BTanner%2C+Sara+J%3BGordon%2C+R+Mike%3BHunter%2C+Craig+N%3BElrod%2C+Virginia+A%3BFitzwater%2C+Steve+E%3BJones%2C+Janice+L%3BTozzi%2C+Sasha%3BKoblizek%2C+Michal%3BRoberts%2C+Alice+E%3BHerndon%2C+Julian%3BBrewster%2C+Jodi%3BLadizinsky%2C+Nicolas%3BSmith%2C+Geoffrey%3BCooper%2C+David%3BTimothy%2C+David%3BBrown%2C+Susan+L%3BSelph%2C+Karen+E%3BSheridan%2C+Cecelia+C%3BTwining%2C+Benjamin+S%3BJohnson%2C+Zackary+I&rft.aulast=Coale&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=304&rft.issue=5669&rft.spage=408&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.1089778 L2 - http://www.sciencemag.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SCIEAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antarctica; atmosphere; biomass; biota; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; Cenozoic; concentration; correlation; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; ice cores; iron; last glacial maximum; metals; nitrate ion; nutrients; paleo-oceanography; paleoclimatology; phytoplankton; plankton; productivity; Quaternary; sea water; silicic acid; silicon; Southern Ocean DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1089778 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Response of the benthic nepheloid layer to near-inertial internal waves in southern Lake Michigan AN - 51739989; 2005-019438 JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Hawley, Nathan Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 14 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 109 IS - C4 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - North America KW - time series analysis KW - sediment transport KW - waves KW - statistical analysis KW - suspension KW - suspended materials KW - temperature KW - attenuation KW - Lake Michigan KW - southern Lake Michigan KW - sediments KW - lacustrine environment KW - velocity KW - Great Lakes KW - turbidity KW - nepheloid layer KW - lake sediments KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51739989?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Response+of+the+benthic+nepheloid+layer+to+near-inertial+internal+waves+in+southern+Lake+Michigan&rft.au=Hawley%2C+Nathan&rft.aulast=Hawley&rft.aufirst=Nathan&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=C4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2003JC002128 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - attenuation; Great Lakes; lacustrine environment; Lake Michigan; lake sediments; nepheloid layer; North America; sediment transport; sediments; southern Lake Michigan; statistical analysis; suspended materials; suspension; temperature; time series analysis; turbidity; velocity; waves DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JC002128 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated analysis of physical and biological pan-Arctic change AN - 51511489; 2007-003756 JF - Climatic Change AU - Overland, James E AU - Spillane, Michael C AU - Soreide, Nancy N Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 291 EP - 322 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 63 IS - 3 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - decadal variations KW - Unaami KW - sea ice KW - SEARCH Program KW - Holocene KW - climate change KW - modern KW - Cenozoic KW - quantitative analysis KW - multivariate analysis KW - ice KW - snow KW - thickness KW - Arctic Ocean KW - climate KW - ocean circulation KW - Quaternary KW - time series analysis KW - principal components analysis KW - Study of Environmental Arctic Change KW - Arctic region KW - statistical analysis KW - atmosphere KW - biota KW - seasonal variations KW - upper Holocene KW - sea-surface temperature KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51511489?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Integrated+analysis+of+physical+and+biological+pan-Arctic+change&rft.au=Overland%2C+James+E%3BSpillane%2C+Michael+C%3BSoreide%2C+Nancy+N&rft.aulast=Overland&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hc4pmh453vbxpeaygjkevi45)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100247,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCHDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arctic Ocean; Arctic region; atmosphere; biota; Cenozoic; climate; climate change; decadal variations; Holocene; ice; modern; multivariate analysis; ocean circulation; principal components analysis; quantitative analysis; Quaternary; sea ice; sea-surface temperature; SEARCH Program; seasonal variations; snow; statistical analysis; Study of Environmental Arctic Change; thickness; time series analysis; Unaami; upper Holocene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrologic scales, cloud variability, remote sensing, and models; implications for forecasting snowmelt and streamflow AN - 51386249; 2007-094982 JF - Weather and Forecasting AU - Simpson, James J AU - Dettinger, Michael D AU - Gehrke, Frank AU - McIntire, Timothy J AU - Hufford, Gary L Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 251 EP - 276 PB - American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 0882-8156, 0882-8156 KW - United States KW - Sierra Nevada KW - models KW - hydrology KW - clouds KW - water supply KW - snowpack KW - snowmelt KW - snow KW - surface water KW - remote sensing KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51386249?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Weather+and+Forecasting&rft.atitle=Hydrologic+scales%2C+cloud+variability%2C+remote+sensing%2C+and+models%3B+implications+for+forecasting+snowmelt+and+streamflow&rft.au=Simpson%2C+James+J%3BDettinger%2C+Michael+D%3BGehrke%2C+Frank%3BMcIntire%2C+Timothy+J%3BHufford%2C+Gary+L&rft.aulast=Simpson&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Weather+and+Forecasting&rft.issn=08828156&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F1520-0434%282004%290192.0.CO%3B2 L2 - http://www.ametsoc.org/pubs/journals/waf/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - PubXState - MA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - clouds; hydrology; models; remote sensing; Sierra Nevada; snow; snowmelt; snowpack; surface water; United States; water supply DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0434(2004)019<0251:HSCVRS>2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Moment magnitude from the initial P wave for local tsunami warnings AN - 51132698; 2005-042533 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Hirshorn, B F AU - Tsuboi, S AU - McCreery, Charles M AU - Whitmore, Paul M AU - Henyey, Thomas L AU - Jordan, Thomas H AU - McRaney, John K Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 272 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 75 IS - 2 SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - United States KW - tsunamis KW - P-waves KW - body waves KW - geologic hazards KW - seismic moment KW - magnitude KW - prediction KW - Hawaii KW - elastic waves KW - East Pacific Ocean Islands KW - information management KW - Richard H. Hagemeyer Pacific Tsunami Warning Center KW - seismicity KW - Oceania KW - epicenters KW - seismic waves KW - Polynesia KW - earthquakes KW - 19:Seismology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51132698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Moment+magnitude+from+the+initial+P+wave+for+local+tsunami+warnings&rft.au=Hirshorn%2C+B+F%3BTsuboi%2C+S%3BMcCreery%2C+Charles+M%3BWhitmore%2C+Paul+M%3BHenyey%2C+Thomas+L%3BJordan%2C+Thomas+H%3BMcRaney%2C+John+K&rft.aulast=Hirshorn&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=272&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seismological Society of America 2004 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EAQNAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body waves; earthquakes; East Pacific Ocean Islands; elastic waves; epicenters; geologic hazards; Hawaii; information management; magnitude; Oceania; P-waves; Polynesia; prediction; Richard H. Hagemeyer Pacific Tsunami Warning Center; seismic moment; seismic waves; seismicity; tsunamis; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A time comparison of computer-assisted and manual bathymetric processing AN - 50881659; 2005-004323 AB - We describe an experiment designed to determine the time required to process Multibeam Echosounder (MBES) data using the CUBE (Combined Uncertainty and Bathymetry Estimator) [Calder & Mayer, 2003; Calder, 2003] and Navigation Surface [Smith et al., 2002; Smith, 2003] algorithms. We collected data for a small (22.3X10 (super 6) soundings) survey in Valdez Narrows, Alaska, and monitored person-hours expended on processing for a traditional MBES processing stream and the proposed computer-assisted method operating on identical data. The analysis shows that the vast majority of time expended in a traditional processing stream is in subjective hand-editing of data, followed by line planning and quality control, and that the computer-assisted method is significantly faster than the traditional process through its elimination of human interaction time. The potential improvement in editing time is shown to be on the order of 25-37:1 over traditional methods. JF - International Hydrographic Review AU - Calder, Brian AU - Smith, Shepard Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 SP - 10 EP - 23 PB - GITC, Lemmer VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 0020-6946, 0020-6946 KW - United States KW - data acquisition KW - echo sounding KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - Southern Alaska KW - acoustical methods KW - Valdez Alaska KW - time factor KW - surveys KW - testing KW - Alaska KW - efficiency KW - bathymetry KW - algorithms KW - ocean floors KW - sonar methods KW - field studies KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50881659?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Hydrographic+Review&rft.atitle=A+time+comparison+of+computer-assisted+and+manual+bathymetric+processing&rft.au=Calder%2C+Brian%3BSmith%2C+Shepard&rft.aulast=Calder&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Hydrographic+Review&rft.issn=00206946&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IHYRA4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustical methods; Alaska; algorithms; bathymetry; data acquisition; data processing; echo sounding; efficiency; field studies; geophysical methods; ocean floors; sonar methods; Southern Alaska; surveys; testing; time factor; United States; Valdez Alaska ER - TY - RPRT T1 - DESIGNATION OF DREDGED MATERIAL DISPOSAL SITES IN CENTRAL AND WESTERN LONG ISLAND SOUND, CONNECTICUT AND NEW YORK. AN - 36443080; 10710 AB - PURPOSE: The designation of one or more open-water dredged material disposal sites in western and central Long Island Sound, Connecticut and New York is proposed. If designed, one or more of these sites could be used for disposal of material dredged from navigation projects and other sources associated with Connecticut and New York rivers, harbors, and coastal areas if the resulting material was found to be suitable for open-water disposal. Currently, no disposal sites are designated for long-term use within Long Island Sound. The currently used sites are authorized for periods of time that will end at various times in the relatively near future. Initial screening eliminated open ocean, upland, beneficial use, and treatment technology alternatives. Through a site screening process that considered the five general and eleven specific criteria in the Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act of 1972 as well as evaluation factors specific to Long Island Sound, the four open-water sites were selected for detailed consideration in this final EIS, along with a No Action Alternative. Two of these sites are currently active dredged material disposal sites, while the other two are inactive historic dredged material disposal sites. The original site analysis encompassed the area of Long Island Sound between the confluence of the East River and the Harlem River at Hells Gate on the western end and Mulberry Point, Connecticut to Mattituck Point, New York on the eastern end. Subsequently the area was modified to encompass the western and central regions of the sound. The preferred alternatives would result in the use of two sites. The Western Long Island Sound site is a 1.2-by-1.3-nautical-mile rectangular area in the Western Long Island Sound that has been used for dredged material disposal since 1982. The site is located 2.7 nautical miles north of Lloyd Point, New York and 2.5 nautical miles south of Long Neck Point near Noroton, Connecticut in water depths of 79 to 118 feet. The Central Long Island Sound Alternative, which has been one of the most active dredged material disposal sites in New England, is a rectangular site, approximately two nautical moles by one nautical mile, located 5.6 nautical miles south of South End Point near East Haven, Connecticut in water depths ranging from 59 to 74 feet. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The availability of the sites would allow for periodic dredging and dredged material disposal to maintain the river, harbor, and coastal channels under federal jurisdiction, maintaining safe navigation and efficient movement of marine commerce. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Disposal operations would result in temporary increase in suspended solids in the water column in the vicinity of and down-current of the disposal site. The dumped material would bury non-motile benthic organisms. Bottom topographies at the sites would be altered. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), Marine Protection Research and Sanctuaries Act of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1401 et seq.), and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0109D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040155, Executive Summary--21 pages, Final EIS--451 pages, Site Monitoring/Management Plans--156 pages, Agency Coordination and Congressional Correspondence--30 pages, Response to Comments--632 pages, Correspondence--46 pages, April 1, 2004 PY - 2004 KW - Water KW - Archaeological Sites Surveys KW - Bays KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Coastal Zones KW - Disposal KW - Dredging KW - Dredging Surveys KW - Harbors KW - Historic Sites Surveys KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Ocean Dumping KW - Rivers KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Water Quality KW - Water Quality Assessments KW - Connecticut KW - Long Island Sound KW - New York KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - Marine Protection Research and Sanctuaries Act of 1972, Section 103 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36443080?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geotimes&rft.atitle=SAR%3B+a+versatile+new+tool+for+earth+science&rft.au=Helz%2C+Rosalind+T%3BLaBrecque%2C+John%3BPichel%2C+William+G&rft.aulast=Helz&rft.aufirst=Rosalind&rft.date=2003-11-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geotimes&rft.issn=00168556&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Environmental Protection Agency, Boston, Massachusetts; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: April 1, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2014-01-30 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - DESIGNATION OF DREDGED MATERIAL DISPOSAL SITES IN CENTRAL AND WESTERN LONG ISLAND SOUND, CONNECTICUT AND NEW YORK. [Part 1 of 1] T2 - DESIGNATION OF DREDGED MATERIAL DISPOSAL SITES IN CENTRAL AND WESTERN LONG ISLAND SOUND, CONNECTICUT AND NEW YORK. AN - 36381325; 10710-040155_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The designation of one or more open-water dredged material disposal sites in western and central Long Island Sound, Connecticut and New York is proposed. If designed, one or more of these sites could be used for disposal of material dredged from navigation projects and other sources associated with Connecticut and New York rivers, harbors, and coastal areas if the resulting material was found to be suitable for open-water disposal. Currently, no disposal sites are designated for long-term use within Long Island Sound. The currently used sites are authorized for periods of time that will end at various times in the relatively near future. Initial screening eliminated open ocean, upland, beneficial use, and treatment technology alternatives. Through a site screening process that considered the five general and eleven specific criteria in the Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act of 1972 as well as evaluation factors specific to Long Island Sound, the four open-water sites were selected for detailed consideration in this final EIS, along with a No Action Alternative. Two of these sites are currently active dredged material disposal sites, while the other two are inactive historic dredged material disposal sites. The original site analysis encompassed the area of Long Island Sound between the confluence of the East River and the Harlem River at Hells Gate on the western end and Mulberry Point, Connecticut to Mattituck Point, New York on the eastern end. Subsequently the area was modified to encompass the western and central regions of the sound. The preferred alternatives would result in the use of two sites. The Western Long Island Sound site is a 1.2-by-1.3-nautical-mile rectangular area in the Western Long Island Sound that has been used for dredged material disposal since 1982. The site is located 2.7 nautical miles north of Lloyd Point, New York and 2.5 nautical miles south of Long Neck Point near Noroton, Connecticut in water depths of 79 to 118 feet. The Central Long Island Sound Alternative, which has been one of the most active dredged material disposal sites in New England, is a rectangular site, approximately two nautical moles by one nautical mile, located 5.6 nautical miles south of South End Point near East Haven, Connecticut in water depths ranging from 59 to 74 feet. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The availability of the sites would allow for periodic dredging and dredged material disposal to maintain the river, harbor, and coastal channels under federal jurisdiction, maintaining safe navigation and efficient movement of marine commerce. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Disposal operations would result in temporary increase in suspended solids in the water column in the vicinity of and down-current of the disposal site. The dumped material would bury non-motile benthic organisms. Bottom topographies at the sites would be altered. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), Marine Protection Research and Sanctuaries Act of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1401 et seq.), and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 04-0109D, Volume 28, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 040155, Executive Summary--21 pages, Final EIS--451 pages, Site Monitoring/Management Plans--156 pages, Agency Coordination and Congressional Correspondence--30 pages, Response to Comments--632 pages, Correspondence--46 pages, April 1, 2004 PY - 2004 VL - 1 KW - Water KW - Archaeological Sites Surveys KW - Bays KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Coastal Zones KW - Disposal KW - Dredging KW - Dredging Surveys KW - Harbors KW - Historic Sites Surveys KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Ocean Dumping KW - Rivers KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Water Quality KW - Water Quality Assessments KW - Connecticut KW - Long Island Sound KW - New York KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - Marine Protection Research and Sanctuaries Act of 1972, Section 103 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36381325?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=DESIGNATION+OF+DREDGED+MATERIAL+DISPOSAL+SITES+IN+CENTRAL+AND+WESTERN+LONG+ISLAND+SOUND%2C+CONNECTICUT+AND+NEW+YORK.&rft.title=DESIGNATION+OF+DREDGED+MATERIAL+DISPOSAL+SITES+IN+CENTRAL+AND+WESTERN+LONG+ISLAND+SOUND%2C+CONNECTICUT+AND+NEW+YORK.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Environmental Protection Agency, Boston, Massachusetts; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2006-05-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: April 1, 2004 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating Data for Incapacitation of People by Fire Smoke AN - 21058493; 5860903 AB - Fire hazard and risk analyses establish the basis for providing conditions of safety for people, including those that are more sensitive to fire smoke than others. For this purpose, this paper develops a method for estimating, from information on lethal and incapacitating exposures for rats, smoke toxic potency values for incapacitation of smoke-sensitive people. For those engineering applications where the mix of combustibles is unknown, generic values are derived of the concentration of smoke that would incapacitate smoke-sensitive people in 5 min: 6 g/m super(3) for a well-ventilated fire and 3 g/m super(3) for an underventilated (e.g., post-flashover) fire. These values are estimated with significant assumptions in their derivation, resulting in an estimated uncertainty of about a factor of two. Further, there is a wide range of smoke toxic potency values reported for various combustibles, and some of these will lead to values significantly higher or lower than these generic figures. JF - Fire Technology AU - Gann, R G AD - Senior Research Scientist, Fire Research Division, Building and Fire Research Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8664, USA Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - Apr 2004 SP - 201 EP - 207 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers VL - 40 IS - 2 SN - 0015-2684, 0015-2684 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - Smoke KW - Flashover KW - flashover KW - safety engineering KW - Safety engineering KW - fire hazards KW - Fire hazards KW - H 7000:Fire Safety KW - R2 23010:General: Models, forecasting UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21058493?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fire+Technology&rft.atitle=Estimating+Data+for+Incapacitation+of+People+by+Fire+Smoke&rft.au=Gann%2C+R+G&rft.aulast=Gann&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fire+Technology&rft.issn=00152684&rft_id=info:doi/10.1023%2FB%3AFIRE.0000016843.38848.37 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Smoke; Flashover; safety engineering; flashover; Safety engineering; fire hazards; Fire hazards DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:FIRE.0000016843.38848.37 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nighttime removal of NO sub(x) in the summer marine boundary layer AN - 21046447; 5907515 AB - The nitrate radical, NO sub(3), and dinitrogen pentoxide, N sub(2)O sub(5), are two important components of nitrogen oxides that occur predominantly at night in the lower troposphere. Because a large fraction of NO sub(2) reacts to form NO sub(3) and N sub(2)O sub(5) during the course of a night, their fate is an important determining factor to the overall fate of NO sub(x) (=NO and NO sub(2)). As a comprehensive test of nocturnal nitrogen oxide chemistry, concentrations of O sub(3), NO, NO sub(2), NO sub(3), N sub(2)O sub(5), HNO sub(3) and a host of other relevant compounds, aerosol abundance and composition, and meteorological conditions were measured in the marine boundary layer from the NOAA research vessel Ronald H. Brown off the East Coast of the United States as part of the New England Air Quality Study (NEAQS) during the summer of 2002. The results confirm the prominent role of NO sub(3) and N sub(2)O sub(5) in converting NO sub(x) to HNO sub(3) at night with an efficiency on par with daytime photochemical conversion. The findings demonstrate the large role of nighttime chemistry in determining the NO sub(x) budget and consequent production of ozone. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Brown, S S AU - Dibb, JE AU - Stark, H AU - Aldener, M AU - Vozella, M AU - Whitlow, S AU - Williams, E J AU - Lerner, B M AU - Jakoubek, R AU - Middlebrook, A M AU - Degouw, JA AU - Warneke, C AU - Goldan, P D AU - Kuster, W C AU - Angevine, WM AU - Sueper, D T AU - Quinn, P K AU - Bates, T S AU - Meagher, J F AU - Fehsenfeld, F C AU - Ravishankara, A R AD - NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado, USA Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - April 2004 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [mailto:service@agu.org] VL - 31 IS - 7 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Citation No. L07108 KW - 0322 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Constituent sources and sinks KW - 0345 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Pollution KW - urban and regional (0305) KW - 0365 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere KW - composition and chemistry KW - Photochemistry KW - ANW, USA, East Coast KW - Atmospheric pollution removal KW - Air quality KW - Nitrogen oxides in atmosphere KW - ANW, USA, New England KW - Nitrous oxide KW - Nighttime KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Meteorology KW - Atmospheric boundary layer KW - budgets KW - Ozone KW - Aerosols KW - Nitrates KW - Troposphere KW - Nitrogen oxides KW - Summer weather KW - Ship's weather observations KW - USA KW - Coastal zone KW - Photochemicals KW - Marine atmospheric boundary layer KW - Boundary layers KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - summer KW - Nitric acid in marine air KW - abundance KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - Q2 09188:Atmospheric chemistry KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - O 2070:Meteorology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21046447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Nighttime+removal+of+NO+sub%28x%29+in+the+summer+marine+boundary+layer&rft.au=Brown%2C+S+S%3BDibb%2C+JE%3BStark%2C+H%3BAldener%2C+M%3BVozella%2C+M%3BWhitlow%2C+S%3BWilliams%2C+E+J%3BLerner%2C+B+M%3BJakoubek%2C+R%3BMiddlebrook%2C+A+M%3BDegouw%2C+JA%3BWarneke%2C+C%3BGoldan%2C+P+D%3BKuster%2C+W+C%3BAngevine%2C+WM%3BSueper%2C+D+T%3BQuinn%2C+P+K%3BBates%2C+T+S%3BMeagher%2C+J+F%3BFehsenfeld%2C+F+C%3BRavishankara%2C+A+R&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2004-04-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2004GL019412 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2004-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication date refers to online version. N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Photochemistry; Nitrous oxide; Nighttime; Atmospheric chemistry; Ocean-atmosphere system; Atmospheric boundary layer; Ship's weather observations; Marine atmospheric boundary layer; Atmospheric pollution removal; Nitrogen oxides in atmosphere; Nitric acid in marine air; Summer weather; Aerosols; Nitrates; Troposphere; Air quality; Nitrogen oxides; Coastal zone; Photochemicals; Boundary layers; summer; Meteorology; budgets; abundance; Ozone; USA; ANW, USA, East Coast; ANW, USA, New England DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004GL019412 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influences of sedimentary organic matter quality on the bioaccumulation of 4-nonylphenol by estuarine amphipods AN - 20160084; 5936021 AB - Nonylphenol (NP) is a moderately persistent, hydrophobic chemical with endocrine-disrupting and acute narcotic effects in aquatic biota. Concern exists about the ultimate fate of NP in aquatic ecosystems and the potential for bioaccumulation by benthic biota from the sediment with the potential for further transfer to higher trophic levels. Our goals were to determine if benthic amphipods bioaccumulate significant amounts of NP from sediment and to determine how additions of organic matter influence NP bioaccumulation by amphipods. Estuarine sediment was spiked with super(14)C-NP and enriched with two types of organic carbon (OC) sources of different nutritional qualities. Macrophytic algae (Ulva species) were used as a labile and nutritious OC source. Wood lignins were used as a refractory and low-nutrition OC source. Nonylphenol bioaccumulation was measured in Eohaustorius estuarius, Grandidierella japonica, and Corophium salmonis after 16 d of exposure. Nonylphenol accumulation was inversely proportional to OC quantity, but was unaffected by OC nutritional quality. Significant differences were found in the accumulation patterns between the three amphipod species. Mean biota-sediment accumulation factors ranged from 8.1 to 33.9 in E. estuarius, from 4.6 to 17.2 in G. japonica, and averaged 7.1 in male C. salmonis and 16.0 in female C. salmonis. These accumulation factors indicate that estuarine amphipods could constitute an important source of NP to higher trophic levels, such as juvenile fish. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Hecht, SA AU - Gunnarsson, J S AU - Boese, B L AU - Lamberson, JO AU - Schaffner, C AU - Giger, W AU - Jepson, P C AD - Oregon State University-Hatfield Marine Science Center, Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, 2030 Southeast Marine Science Drive, Newport, Oregon 97365, USA, scott.hecht@noaa.gov Y1 - 2004/04// PY - 2004 DA - Apr 2004 SP - 865 EP - 873 VL - 23 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - 4-nonylphenol KW - Salmonids KW - endocrine dis