TY - JOUR T1 - An examination of the new Miller Range nakhlites (MIL 090030, 090032, and 090136) AN - 959098178; 2012-034921 JF - Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference AU - Corrigan, C M AU - Vicenzi, E P AU - Konicek, A R AU - Lunning, N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Abstract 2657 PB - Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, TX VL - 42 KW - silicates KW - nakhlite KW - stony meteorites KW - Martian meteorites KW - microstructure KW - olivine group KW - SNC Meteorites KW - meteorites KW - MIL 090136 KW - pyroxene group KW - mineral composition KW - cumulates KW - crystal zoning KW - olivine KW - orthosilicates KW - MIL 03346 KW - chain silicates KW - Miller Range Meteorites KW - MIL 090030 KW - mesostasis KW - meteorite pairing KW - MIL 090032 KW - achondrites KW - nesosilicates KW - Antarctica KW - 05B:Petrology of meteorites and tektites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/959098178?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=An+examination+of+the+new+Miller+Range+nakhlites+%28MIL+090030%2C+090032%2C+and+090136%29&rft.au=Corrigan%2C+C+M%3BVicenzi%2C+E+P%3BKonicek%2C+A+R%3BLunning%2C+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Corrigan&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+Submitted+to+the+Lunar+and+Planetary+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2011/pdf/2657.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Forty-second lunar and planetary science conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Accessed on Nov. 29, 2011 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - #02179 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - achondrites; Antarctica; chain silicates; crystal zoning; cumulates; Martian meteorites; mesostasis; meteorite pairing; meteorites; microstructure; MIL 03346; MIL 090030; MIL 090032; MIL 090136; Miller Range Meteorites; mineral composition; nakhlite; nesosilicates; olivine; olivine group; orthosilicates; pyroxene group; silicates; SNC Meteorites; stony meteorites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Local and omnibus goodness-of-fit tests in classical measurement error models AN - 940979357; 4280534 JF - Journal of the Royal Statistical Society AU - Carroll, Raymond J AU - Ma, Yanyuan AU - Hart, Jeffrey D AU - Janicki, Ryan AD - Texas A&M University ; US Census Bureau Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - Jan 2011 SP - 81 EP - 98 VL - 73 IS - 1 SN - 1369-7412, 1369-7412 KW - Economics KW - Measurement KW - Distribution KW - Computational methods KW - Maximum likelihood method KW - Error KW - Methodology KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/940979357?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Royal+Statistical+Society&rft.atitle=Local+and+omnibus+goodness-of-fit+tests+in+classical+measurement+error+models&rft.au=Carroll%2C+Raymond+J%3BMa%2C+Yanyuan%3BHart%2C+Jeffrey+D%3BJanicki%2C+Ryan&rft.aulast=Carroll&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Royal+Statistical+Society&rft.issn=13697412&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1467-9868.2010.00751.x LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 8163; 2671 10919; 4387; 7854; 7837 8160 8163 12230; 7994; 3641 12233 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9868.2010.00751.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Real-time estimation of pH and aragonite saturation state from Argo profiling floats; prospects for an autonomous carbon observing strategy AN - 921717356; 2012-023903 AB - We demonstrate the ability to obtain accurate estimates of pH and carbonate mineral saturation state (Omega ) from an Argo profiling float in the NE subarctic Pacific. Using hydrographic surveys of the NE Pacific region, we develop empirical algorithms to predict pH and Omega using observations of temperature (T) and dissolved O (sub 2) . We attain R (super 2) values greater than 0.98 and RMS errors of 0.018 (pH), 0.052 (Omega (sub arag) ), and 0.087 (Omega (sub calc) ) for data between 30-500 m, sigma (sub theta ) <27.1. After calibrating optode-based O (sub 2) data, we apply the algorithms to T and O (sub 2) data from an Argo profiling float to produce a 14 month time-series of estimated pH and Omega (sub arag) in the upper water column of the NE subarctic Pacific. Comparison to independent data collected nearby in 2010 indicates pH and Omega (sub arag) estimates are robust. Although the method will not allow detection of anthropogenic trends in pH or Omega (sub arag) , this approach will provide insight into natural variability and the key biogeochemical controls on these parameters. Most importantly, this work demonstrates that an assemblage of well-calibrated regional algorithms and Argo float data can be used as a low-cost, readily-deployable component of a global ocean carbon observing strategy. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Juranek, L W AU - Feely, R A AU - Gilbert, D AU - Freeland, H AU - Miller, L A Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation L17603 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 38 IS - 17 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - East Pacific KW - sea water KW - oxygen KW - Northeast Pacific KW - aragonite KW - subarctic regions KW - temperature KW - saturation KW - North Pacific KW - hydrographs KW - dissolved oxygen KW - dissolved materials KW - Pacific Ocean KW - acidification KW - algorithms KW - carbonates KW - pH KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/921717356?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Real-time+estimation+of+pH+and+aragonite+saturation+state+from+Argo+profiling+floats%3B+prospects+for+an+autonomous+carbon+observing+strategy&rft.au=Juranek%2C+L+W%3BFeely%2C+R+A%3BGilbert%2C+D%3BFreeland%2C+H%3BMiller%2C+L+A&rft.aulast=Juranek&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2011GL048580 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; algorithms; aragonite; carbonates; dissolved materials; dissolved oxygen; East Pacific; hydrographs; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; oxygen; Pacific Ocean; pH; saturation; sea water; subarctic regions; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011GL048580 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Major Mesoamerican droughts of the past millennium AN - 921717317; 2012-023269 AB - Ancient Montezuma baldcypress (Taxodium mucronatum) trees found in Barranca de Amealco, Queretaro, have been used to develop a 1,238-year tree-ring chronology that is correlated with precipitation, temperature, drought indices, and crop yields in central Mexico. This chronology has been used to reconstruct the spring-early summer soil moisture balance over the heartland of the Mesoamerican cultural province, and is the first exactly dated, annually resolved paleoclimatic record for Mesoamerica spanning the Late Classic, Post Classic, Colonial, and modern eras. The reconstruction indicates that the Terminal Classic drought extended into central Mexico, supporting other sedimentary and speleothem evidence for this early 10th century drought in Mesoamerica. The reconstruction also documents severe and sustained drought during the decline of the Toltec state (1149-1167) and during the Spanish conquest of the Aztec state (1514-1539), providing a new precisely dated climate framework for Mesoamerican cultural change. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Stahle, D W AU - Diaz, J Villanueva AU - Burnette, D J AU - Paredes, J Cerano AU - Heim, R R, Jr AU - Fye, F K AU - Acuna Soto, R AU - Therrell, M D AU - Cleaveland, M K AU - Stahle, D K Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation L05703 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 38 IS - 5 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - United States KW - Plantae KW - Quaternary KW - vegetation KW - paleoclimatology KW - Holocene KW - climate change KW - paleoecology KW - drought KW - Cenozoic KW - Mexico KW - tree rings KW - reconstruction KW - upper Holocene KW - Taxodium mucronatum KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/921717317?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Major+Mesoamerican+droughts+of+the+past+millennium&rft.au=Stahle%2C+D+W%3BDiaz%2C+J+Villanueva%3BBurnette%2C+D+J%3BParedes%2C+J+Cerano%3BHeim%2C+R+R%2C+Jr%3BFye%2C+F+K%3BAcuna+Soto%2C+R%3BTherrell%2C+M+D%3BCleaveland%2C+M+K%3BStahle%2C+D+K&rft.aulast=Stahle&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010GL046472 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; climate change; drought; Holocene; Mexico; paleoclimatology; paleoecology; Plantae; Quaternary; reconstruction; Taxodium mucronatum; tree rings; United States; upper Holocene; vegetation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010GL046472 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Active hydrothermal discharge on the submarine Aeolian Arc AN - 921717237; 2012-023207 AB - In November 2007 we conducted a water column and seafloor mapping study of the submarine volcanoes of the Aeolian Arc in the southern Tyrrhenian Sea aboard the R/V Urania. On 26 conductivity-temperature-depth casts and tows we measured temperature, conductivity, pressure, and light scattering and also collected discrete samples for helium isotopes, methane, and pH. The (super 3) He/ (super 4) He isotope ratio, an unambiguous indicator of hydrothermal input, showed a clear excess above background at 6 of the 10 submarine volcanoes surveyed. Marsili seamount had the highest anomaly, where the (super 3) He/ (super 4) He ratio reached a delta (super 3) He value of 23% at 610 m depth compared with background values of approximately 5%. Smaller but distinct delta (super 3) He anomalies occurred over Palinuro, Enarete, Eolo, Sisifo, and Secca del Capo. Although hydrothermal emissions are known to occur offshore of some Aeolian subaerial volcanoes, and hydrothermal deposits have been sampled throughout the arc, our results are the first to confirm active discharge on Marsili, Enarete, Eolo, Sisifo, and Secca del Capo. Samples collected over Lametini, Filicudi North, Alicudi North, and Alcione had delta (super 3) He near the regional background values, suggesting either absence of, or very weak, hydrothermal activity on these seamounts. Hydrocasts between the volcanoes revealed a consistent delta (super 3) He maximum between 11% and 13% at 2000 m depth throughout the SE Tyrrhenian Sea. The volcanoes of the Aeolian arc and the Marsili back arc, all <1000 m deep, cannot contribute directly to this maximum. This deep (super 3) He excess may be a remnant of tritium decay or may have been produced by an unknown deep hydrothermal source. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Lupton, John AU - de Ronde, Cornel AU - Sprovieri, Mario AU - Baker, Edward T AU - Bruno, Pier Paolo G AU - Italiano, Franco AU - Walker, Sharon AU - Faure, Kevin AU - Leybourne, Matthew AU - Britten, Karen AU - Greene, Ronald Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation B02102 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 116 IS - B2 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - subduction zones KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - Europe KW - Italy KW - temperature KW - Southern Europe KW - geothermal systems KW - conductivity KW - noble gases KW - Lipari Islands KW - bottom features KW - helium KW - ocean floors KW - discharge KW - pH KW - methane KW - geophysical methods KW - alkanes KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - seamounts KW - Tyrrhenian Sea KW - organic compounds KW - Sicily Italy KW - plate tectonics KW - marine environment KW - submarine volcanoes KW - submarine environment KW - hydrocarbons KW - volcanoes KW - Mediterranean Sea KW - bathymetry KW - West Mediterranean KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/921717237?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Active+hydrothermal+discharge+on+the+submarine+Aeolian+Arc&rft.au=Lupton%2C+John%3Bde+Ronde%2C+Cornel%3BSprovieri%2C+Mario%3BBaker%2C+Edward+T%3BBruno%2C+Pier+Paolo+G%3BItaliano%2C+Franco%3BWalker%2C+Sharon%3BFaure%2C+Kevin%3BLeybourne%2C+Matthew%3BBritten%2C+Karen%3BGreene%2C+Ronald&rft.aulast=Lupton&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=2011&rft.issue=&rft.spage=72&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Berichte+der+Deutschen+Mineralogischen+Gesellschaft&rft.issn=0935123X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch map, sects. N1 - SuppNotes - Supplemental information/data is available in the online version of this article N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; bathymetry; bottom features; conductivity; discharge; Europe; geophysical methods; geothermal systems; helium; hydrocarbons; hydrothermal conditions; Italy; Lipari Islands; marine environment; Mediterranean Sea; methane; noble gases; ocean floors; organic compounds; pH; plate tectonics; seamounts; Sicily Italy; Southern Europe; subduction zones; submarine environment; submarine volcanoes; temperature; Tyrrhenian Sea; volcanoes; West Mediterranean DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JB007738 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The 25 October 2010 Mentawai tsunami earthquake, from real-time discriminants, finite-fault rupture, and tsunami excitation AN - 921716668; 2012-023263 AB - The moment magnitude 7.8 earthquake that struck offshore the Mentawai islands in western Indonesia on 25 October 2010 created a locally large tsunami that caused more than 400 human causalities. We identify this earthquake as a rare slow-source tsunami earthquake based on: 1) disproportionately large tsunami waves; 2) excessive rupture duration near 125 s; 3) predominantly shallow, near-trench slip determined through finite-fault modeling; and 4) deficiencies in energy-to-moment and energy-to-duration-cubed ratios, the latter in near-real time. We detail the real-time solutions that identified the slow-nature of this event, and evaluate how regional reductions in crustal rigidity along the shallow trench as determined by reduced rupture velocity contributed to increased slip, causing the 5-9 m local tsunami runup and observed transoceanic wave heights observed 1600 km to the southeast. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Newman, Andrew V AU - Hayes, Gavin AU - Wei, Yong AU - Convers, Jaime Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation L05302 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 38 IS - 5 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - tsunamis KW - risk management KW - Far East KW - geologic hazards KW - Mentawai Islands KW - Indonesia KW - displacements KW - models KW - western Indonesia KW - mitigation KW - seismicity KW - earthquake prediction KW - natural hazards KW - risk assessment KW - tectonics KW - Mentawai earthquake 2010 KW - Asia KW - earthquakes KW - seismotectonics KW - faults KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/921716668?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=The+25+October+2010+Mentawai+tsunami+earthquake%2C+from+real-time+discriminants%2C+finite-fault+rupture%2C+and+tsunami+excitation&rft.au=Newman%2C+Andrew+V%3BHayes%2C+Gavin%3BWei%2C+Yong%3BConvers%2C+Jaime&rft.aulast=Newman&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010GL046498 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, geol. sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Supplemental information/data is available in the online version of this article N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; displacements; earthquake prediction; earthquakes; Far East; faults; geologic hazards; Indonesia; Mentawai earthquake 2010; Mentawai Islands; mitigation; models; natural hazards; risk assessment; risk management; seismicity; seismotectonics; tectonics; tsunamis; western Indonesia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010GL046498 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deep-sea observations and modeling of the 2004 Sumatra tsunami in Drake Passage AN - 921715350; 2012-023886 AB - The 2004 Sumatra tsunami was clearly recorded by two UK bottom pressure gauges, DPN and DPS, deployed in Drake Passage between South America and Antarctica. These open-ocean records were examined to estimate characteristics of the tsunami waves and to compare the results of numerical simulations with the observations. Maximum wave heights measured at these gauges were 4.9 cm at DPN and 7.4 cm at DPS; the travel times from the source area were 19 h 46 min and 19 h 39 min respectively, consistent with the times obtained from the nearby coastal tide gauges. The numerical model described well the frequency content, amplitudes and general structure of the observed waves, with only small time shifts probably related to wave dispersion effects. The shifts were 15 min for DPN and 10 min for DPS, with the modeled waves leading the observations in each case. Further inspection of the simulated and observed records revealed that the identified tsunami waves are related to the second (main) train of waves propagating by the energy conserving route along the mid-ocean ridges, while the first train of waves travelling by the fastest route across the ocean remained unrecognizable in the observed DPS and DPN records and undetectable in the records of coastal tide gauges because of their insignificant amplitudes compared to the background variability. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Rabinovich, Alexander B AU - Woodworth, Philip L AU - Titov, Vasily V Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation L16604 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 38 IS - 16 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - tsunamis KW - Drake Passage KW - numerical models KW - geologic hazards KW - Indian Ocean tsunami 2004 KW - South Pacific KW - deep-sea environment KW - tides KW - marine environment KW - Pacific Ocean KW - ocean waves KW - natural hazards KW - propagation KW - mid-ocean ridges KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/921715350?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Deep-sea+observations+and+modeling+of+the+2004+Sumatra+tsunami+in+Drake+Passage&rft.au=Rabinovich%2C+Alexander+B%3BWoodworth%2C+Philip+L%3BTitov%2C+Vasily+V&rft.aulast=Rabinovich&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2011GL048305 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - deep-sea environment; Drake Passage; geologic hazards; Indian Ocean tsunami 2004; marine environment; mid-ocean ridges; natural hazards; numerical models; ocean waves; Pacific Ocean; propagation; South Pacific; tides; tsunamis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011GL048305 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dynamics of wind-forced intraseasonal zonal current variations in the equatorial Indian Ocean AN - 919646279; 2012-020240 AB - This study examines the structure and dynamics of wind-forced intraseasonal zonal current variability in the equatorial Indian Ocean. We take advantage of a variety of satellite and in situ data sets, including unprecedented 4-8 year-long velocity time series records from the Research Moored Array for African-Asian-Australian Monsoon Analysis and Prediction (RAMA) program. Spectral analysis reveals prominent intraseasonal zonal currents variations along the equator with periods of 30-70 days. These oscillations are vertically in phase above the thermocline and propagate eastward with the local zonal winds. In the thermocline, intraseasonal zonal velocity variations also propagate eastward across a broad range of phase speeds expected for low baroclinic equatorial Kelvin waves; amplitudes decrease with depth, with deeper levels leading those near surface. Collectively, these results suggest that the near-surface layer responds directly to intraseasonal zonal wind stress forcing and that subsequently energy radiates downward and eastward in the thermocline in the form of wind-forced equatorial Kelvin waves. In addition, intraseasonal zonal current variability on the equator is coherent with off-equatorial sea surface height fluctuations in the eastern and central of the basin. This coherence is primarily due to the fact that equatorial zonal wind variations are associated with off-equatorial wind stress curls that can generate local Ekman pumping and westward propagating Rossby waves. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Iskandar, Iskhaq AU - McPhaden, Michael J Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation C06019 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 116 IS - C6 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - currents KW - ocean circulation KW - equatorial region KW - satellite methods KW - ocean currents KW - temperature KW - thermohaline circulation KW - Indian Ocean KW - seasonal variations KW - sea-surface temperature KW - climate forcing KW - winds KW - remote sensing KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/919646279?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Dynamics+of+wind-forced+intraseasonal+zonal+current+variations+in+the+equatorial+Indian+Ocean&rft.au=Iskandar%2C+Iskhaq%3BMcPhaden%2C+Michael+J&rft.aulast=Iskandar&rft.aufirst=Iskhaq&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=C6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010JC006864 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - climate forcing; currents; equatorial region; Indian Ocean; ocean circulation; ocean currents; remote sensing; satellite methods; sea-surface temperature; seasonal variations; temperature; thermohaline circulation; winds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JC006864 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of eddies on an ocean observing system with profiling floats; idealized simulations of the Argo array AN - 919640601; 2012-020224 AB - This study aims at evaluating effects of the mesoscale variability on the expected accuracy of reconstruction of temperature, salinity, and velocities from the Argo measurements and trajectories. For this purpose, an idealized observing system with profiling floats is simulated in a high-resolution ocean model of the North Atlantic set up to produce annual mean hydrography and circulation. The simulations with and without mesoscale variability are compared, and the effects of the time mean and mesoscale eddy-induced advection are effectively separated and investigated. The results demonstrate several effects of mesoscale eddies on the expected accuracy of the Argo-based reconstructions of temperature, salinity, and horizontal velocities. In most of the domain, the eddies help to achieve uniform spatial coverage. The effects of eddy advection on reconstruction errors are, however, complex but moderate in most of the domain. High-frequency variability in temperature and salinity leads to enhancement of reconstruction errors, especially if the sampling is carried out for only a few years. The reconstruction of horizontal velocities from trajectories of the profiling floats is capable of detecting multiple zonal jets which have been observed already. The reconstruction of the meridional velocities is significantly less reliable, primarily due to a small signal-to-noise ratio in the in the interior of domain. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Kamenkovich, Igor AU - Cheng, Wei AU - Schmid, Claudia AU - Harrison, D E Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation C06003 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 116 IS - C6 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - currents KW - upwelling KW - ocean circulation KW - numerical models KW - salinity KW - ocean currents KW - temperature KW - Argo array KW - hydrographs KW - eddies KW - velocity KW - reconstruction KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/919640601?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Effects+of+eddies+on+an+ocean+observing+system+with+profiling+floats%3B+idealized+simulations+of+the+Argo+array&rft.au=Kamenkovich%2C+Igor%3BCheng%2C+Wei%3BSchmid%2C+Claudia%3BHarrison%2C+D+E&rft.aulast=Kamenkovich&rft.aufirst=Igor&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=C6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010BAMS2933.1 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Argo array; Atlantic Ocean; currents; eddies; hydrographs; North Atlantic; numerical models; ocean circulation; ocean currents; reconstruction; salinity; temperature; upwelling; velocity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JC006910 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical simulation of a synoptic event in the Southern California Bight AN - 919640463; 2012-020039 AB - In the middle of March 2002 a synoptic upwelling event occurred in the Southern California Bight; it was marked by a precipitous cooling of at least 4 degrees C within 10-20 km of the coast. By the end of the month the preevent temperatures had slowly recovered. The Regional Oceanic Model System (ROMS) is used to simulate the event with an atmospheric downscaling reanalysis for surface wind and buoyancy flux forcing. Lateral boundary conditions of temperature, salinity, velocity, and sea level are taken from a global oceanic product. Barotropic tidal fields from a global barotropic model are imposed along the open boundaries. The simulation reproduces well the upwelling process compared with observed data. The sensitivity of the simulation is examined to wind resolution, heat flux, and tidal forcing. The oceanic response to the different wind resolutions converges at the level of the 6 km resolution, which is the finest scale present in the terrain elevation data set used in the atmospheric downscaling. The combination of an analytical diurnal cycle in the solar radiation and the empirical coupling with the instantaneous ROMS sea surface temperature produces a similar oceanic response to the downscaled heat flux. Tidal effects are significant in the upwelling evolution due to the increase in wind energy input through a quasi-resonant alignment of the wind and surface current, probably by chance. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Dong, Changming AU - McWilliams, James C AU - Hall, Alex AU - Hughes, Mimi Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation C05018 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 116 IS - C5 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - United States KW - East Pacific KW - currents KW - upwelling KW - ocean circulation KW - monthly variations KW - Northeast Pacific KW - Southern California Bight KW - ocean currents KW - tides KW - California KW - Southern California KW - North Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - bathymetry KW - sea-surface temperature KW - climate forcing KW - winds KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/919640463?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Numerical+simulation+of+a+synoptic+event+in+the+Southern+California+Bight&rft.au=Dong%2C+Changming%3BMcWilliams%2C+James+C%3BHall%2C+Alex%3BHughes%2C+Mimi&rft.aulast=Dong&rft.aufirst=Changming&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=C5&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010JC006578 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGREA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bathymetry; California; climate forcing; currents; East Pacific; monthly variations; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; ocean circulation; ocean currents; Pacific Ocean; sea-surface temperature; Southern California; Southern California Bight; tides; United States; upwelling; winds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JC006578 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dynamic topography of the Bering Sea AN - 919640453; 2012-020038 AB - A new mean dynamic topography (MDT) for the Bering Sea is presented. The product is obtained by combining historical oceanographic and atmospheric observations with high-resolution model dynamics in the framework of a variational technique. Eighty percent of the ocean data underlying the MDT were obtained during the last 25 years and include hydrographic profiles, surface drifter trajectories, and in situ velocity observations that were combined with National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP)/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) atmospheric climatology. The new MDT quantifies surface geostrophic circulation in the Bering Sea with a formal accuracy of 2-4 cm/s. The corresponding sea surface height (SSH) errors are estimated by inverting the Hessian matrix in the subspace spanned by the leading modes of SSH variability observed from satellites. Comparison with similar products based on in situ observations, satellite gravity, and altimetry shows that the new MDT is in better agreement with independent velocity observations by Argo drifters and moorings. Assimilation of the satellite altimetry data referenced to the new MDT allows better reconstruction of regional circulations in the Bering Sea. Comparisons also indicate that MDT estimates derived from the latest Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment geoid model have more in common with the presented sea surface topography than with the MDTs based on earlier versions of the geoid. The presented MDT will increase the accuracy of calculations of the satellite altimeter absolute heights and geostrophic surface currents and may also contribute to improving the precision in estimating the geoid in the Bering Sea. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Panteleev, Gleb AU - Yaremchuk, Max AU - Stabeno, Phyllis J AU - Luchin, Vladimir AU - Nechaev, Dmitri A AU - Kikuchi, Takashi Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation C05017 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 116 IS - C5 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - high-resolution methods KW - ocean circulation KW - sea water KW - density KW - Bering Sea KW - atmosphere KW - altimetry KW - satellite methods KW - models KW - topography KW - North Pacific KW - hydrographs KW - Pacific Ocean KW - bathymetry KW - climate forcing KW - remote sensing KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/919640453?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Dynamic+topography+of+the+Bering+Sea&rft.au=Panteleev%2C+Gleb%3BYaremchuk%2C+Max%3BStabeno%2C+Phyllis+J%3BLuchin%2C+Vladimir%3BNechaev%2C+Dmitri+A%3BKikuchi%2C+Takashi&rft.aulast=Panteleev&rft.aufirst=Gleb&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=C5&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010JC006354 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGREA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - altimetry; atmosphere; bathymetry; Bering Sea; climate forcing; density; high-resolution methods; hydrographs; models; North Pacific; ocean circulation; Pacific Ocean; remote sensing; satellite methods; sea water; topography DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JC006354 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Variational assimilation of satellite observations in a coastal ocean model off Oregon AN - 919639423; 2012-020027 AB - Satellite along-track sea surface height (SSH) and multisatellite sea surface temperature (SST) maps are assimilated in a coastal ocean circulation model off Oregon. The study period is June-October 2005, featuring intensive separation of the coastal upwelling jets in the eddy-dominated coastal transition zone (CTZ). The data assimilation (DA) system combines the nonlinear Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) and the Advanced Variational Regional Ocean Representer Analyzer (AVRORA) tangent linear and adjoint codes developed by our group. The variational representer DA method is implemented in a series of 6 day time windows, with initial conditions corrected at the beginning of each window. To avoid the problem of matching the model and observed SSH mean levels, the observed SSH slope has been assimilated. Location, timing, and intensity of jets and eddies in the CTZ are constrained, to improve accuracy of nonlinear model analyses and forecasts. In the case assimilating SSH alone, the geometry of the SST front is improved. SSH assimilation results in the cross-shore transport more uniformly distributed along the coast than in the free run model. An outer front is identified in the DA analyses at a distance of 200 km from the coast. A strong subsurface horizontal temperature gradient across this front influences the depth of the thermocline in an area between the front and the continental slope. The DA correction term is comparable in magnitude to dominant terms in the volume-integrated heat equation. The time-averaged DA correction term in the volume-integrated heat balance is closer to 0 in the combined SSH-SST assimilation case, than in the case assimilating SSH alone. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Kurapov, A L AU - Foley, D AU - Strub, P T AU - Egbert, G D AU - Allen, J S Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation C05006 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 116 IS - C5 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - United States KW - East Pacific KW - currents KW - ocean circulation KW - Northeast Pacific KW - satellite methods KW - energy balance KW - ocean currents KW - temperature KW - models KW - Oregon KW - North Pacific KW - hydrographs KW - Pacific Ocean KW - bathymetry KW - sea-surface temperature KW - remote sensing KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/919639423?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Variational+assimilation+of+satellite+observations+in+a+coastal+ocean+model+off+Oregon&rft.au=Kurapov%2C+A+L%3BFoley%2C+D%3BStrub%2C+P+T%3BEgbert%2C+G+D%3BAllen%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Kurapov&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=C5&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010JC006909 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGREA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bathymetry; currents; East Pacific; energy balance; hydrographs; models; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; ocean circulation; ocean currents; Oregon; Pacific Ocean; remote sensing; satellite methods; sea-surface temperature; temperature; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JC006909 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring surface and groundwater variations using multisatellite observations and hydrological modelling AN - 907919902; 2012-000909 AB - We present a methodology combining information from complementary remote sensing datasets and hydrological modelling for the monitoring of surface and groundwater variations in two large drainage basins, the Negro and the Mekong rivers. Spatiotemporal variations of surface waters can be determined combining observations from satellite imagery (i.e. JERS-1, SPOT VGT, multisatellite products) and radar altimetry (i.e. Topex/Poseidon, ERS-1&2 RA, ENVISAT RA-2). The orbital characteristics and the type of sensors present advantages and drawbacks depending on the nature of the study region, and account for the spatial and temporal resolutions, and the accuracy of the surface water storage estimates. Water stored in aquifers is isolated from the total water storage measured by GRACE by removing the contributions of both the surface reservoir derived from satellite imagery and radar altimetry, and the root zone reservoir simulated by hydrological models. JF - IAHS-AISH Publication AU - Frappart, Frederic AU - Seyler, Frederique AU - Papa, Fabrice AU - Martinez, Jean-Michel AU - Thuy Le, Toan AU - da Silva, Joecila Santos AU - Prigent, Catherine AU - Rossow, William B A2 - Hafeez, Mohsin A2 - van de Giesen, Nick A2 - Bardsley, Earl A2 - Seyler, Frederique A2 - Pail, Roland A2 - Taniguchi, Makoto Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 22 EP - 27 PB - International Association of Hydrological Sciences VL - 343 SN - 0144-7815, 0144-7815 KW - hydrology KW - time series analysis KW - floodplains KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - data processing KW - GRACE KW - Rio Negro KW - satellite methods KW - two-dimensional models KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - water table KW - South America KW - wetlands KW - fluvial features KW - drainage basins KW - data bases KW - Asia KW - Mekong River KW - Amazon Basin KW - remote sensing KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/907919902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IAHS-AISH+Publication&rft.atitle=Monitoring+surface+and+groundwater+variations+using+multisatellite+observations+and+hydrological+modelling&rft.au=Frappart%2C+Frederic%3BSeyler%2C+Frederique%3BPapa%2C+Fabrice%3BMartinez%2C+Jean-Michel%3BThuy+Le%2C+Toan%3Bda+Silva%2C+Joecila+Santos%3BPrigent%2C+Catherine%3BRossow%2C+William+B&rft.aulast=Frappart&rft.aufirst=Frederic&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=343&rft.issue=&rft.spage=22&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IAHS-AISH+Publication&rft.issn=01447815&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 25th general assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, symposium J-H01 on GRACE, other remote sensing platform and ground-based methods for estimating multi-scale surface water budget, groundwater system characterization and hydrological processes N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PIHSD9 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Amazon Basin; aquifers; Asia; data bases; data processing; drainage basins; floodplains; fluvial features; GRACE; ground water; hydrology; Mekong River; models; remote sensing; Rio Negro; satellite methods; South America; statistical analysis; surface water; time series analysis; two-dimensional models; water table; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial models of sparse data to inform cetacean conservation planning: an example from Oman AN - 907184528; 16044950 AB - Habitat models are tools for understanding the relationship between cetaceans and their environment, from which patterns of the animals' space use can be inferred and management strategies developed. Can working with space use alone be sufficient for management, when habitat cannot be modeled? Here, we analyzed cetacean sightings data collected from small boat surveys off the coast of Oman between 2000 and 2003. The waters off Oman are used by the Endangered Arabian Sea population of humpback whales. Our data were collected primarily for photo-identification, using a haphazard sampling regime, either in areas where humpback whales were thought to be relatively abundant, or in areas that were logistically easy to survey. This leads to spatially autocorrelated data that are not amenable to analysis using standard approaches. We used quasi-Poisson generalized linear models and semi-parametric spatial filtering to assess the distribution of humpback and Bryde's whales in 3 areas off Oman relative to 3 simple physiographic variables in a survey grid. Our analysis focused on the spatial eigenvector filtering of models, coupled with the spatial distribution of model residuals, rather than just on model predictions. Spatial eigenvector filtering accounts for spatial autocorrelation in models, allowing inference to be made regarding the relative importance of particular areas. As an exemplar of this approach, we demonstrate that the Dhofar coast of southern Oman is important habitat for the Arabian Sea population of humpback whales. We also suggest how conservation planning for mitigating impacts on humpback whales off the Dhofar coast could start. JF - Endangered Species Research AU - Corkeron, Peter J AU - Collins, Gianna Minton Tim AU - Findlay, Ken AU - Willson, Andrew AU - Baldwin, Robert AD - Integrated Statistics, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA, peter.corkeron@noaa.gov Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 39 EP - 52 PB - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 1863-5407, 1863-5407 KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - ISW, Arabian Sea KW - Spatial distribution KW - Ecological distribution KW - whales KW - Models KW - spatial distribution KW - mitigation KW - Boats KW - Sampling KW - ISW, Oman KW - Coasts KW - Modelling KW - Biological surveys KW - Marine KW - Data processing KW - boats KW - Rare species KW - Habitat KW - Coastal zone KW - Marine mammals KW - Conservation KW - Endangered species KW - Cetacea KW - Environment management KW - Endangered Species KW - Y 25150:General/Miscellaneous KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/907184528?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Endangered+Species+Research&rft.atitle=Spatial+models+of+sparse+data+to+inform+cetacean+conservation+planning%3A+an+example+from+Oman&rft.au=Corkeron%2C+Peter+J%3BCollins%2C+Gianna+Minton+Tim%3BFindlay%2C+Ken%3BWillson%2C+Andrew%3BBaldwin%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Corkeron&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Endangered+Species+Research&rft.issn=18635407&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fesr00367 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological surveys; Ecological distribution; Marine mammals; Rare species; Modelling; Endangered Species; Boats; Data processing; Spatial distribution; Endangered species; Conservation; Sampling; Habitat; Coasts; Models; spatial distribution; mitigation; Coastal zone; boats; Environment management; whales; Cetacea; ISW, Arabian Sea; ISW, Oman; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr00367 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effectiveness of an antihelminthic treatment in improving the body condition and survival of Hawaiian monk seals AN - 907184519; 16044949 AB - Food limitation and poor body condition are significant factors affecting the survival of juvenile Hawaiian monk seals Monachus schauinslandi in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Previous research has indicated that juvenile monk seals infected with cestodes are in worse body condition than those that are uninfected. To test whether individual growth and survivorship are boosted by intermittently reducing parasites, we initiated a deworming study on juvenile seals at Laysan Island. Forty-three unique juvenile seals were captured, weighed, measured, feces-sampled, and either given an injectable antihelminthic (praziquantel) or used as untreated controls up to 4 times at 8 to 16 wk intervals across a 7 month period. The effect of treatment on survival, egg shedding, and gain in mass was evaluated. Survival of the subset of the 3 cohorts included in the study was 100% for the 2007 and 2008 cohorts and 85.2% for the 2009 cohorts. Egg prevalence did not differ significantly between control and treated seals. Percent daily mass gain was greatest in the March to May period. Older juveniles gained more mass than young-of-the-year (treated and control), which lost mass between the first 2 treatments. Percent mass gain was significantly greater for treated than control seals during March to May, but not during December to March or over the entire treatment period (December to May). The questionable efficacy of injectable praziquantel indicates that a different route of administration or dosage of praziquantel or a different antihelminthic may be more suitable for treatment of cestodes in this species. JF - Endangered Species Research AU - Gobush, K S AU - Baker, J D AU - Gulland, FMD AD - Pacific Island Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Honolulu, Hawaii 96814, USA, kathleen.gobush@noaa.gov Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 29 EP - 37 PB - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 1863-5407, 1863-5407 KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Hawaiian monk seal KW - Monachus schauinslandi KW - Antihelminthic KW - Praziquantel KW - Cestodes KW - Marine KW - USA, Hawaii, Laysan I. KW - Parasites KW - Body conditions KW - Food KW - Disease control KW - Survival KW - seals KW - Growth KW - Islands KW - Marine mammals KW - Endangered species KW - Survivorship KW - survival KW - Cestoda KW - Endangered Species KW - Y 25150:General/Miscellaneous KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - Q1 08485:Species interactions: pests and control KW - ENA 21:Wildlife KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/907184519?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Endangered+Species+Research&rft.atitle=Effectiveness+of+an+antihelminthic+treatment+in+improving+the+body+condition+and+survival+of+Hawaiian+monk+seals&rft.au=Gobush%2C+K+S%3BBaker%2C+J+D%3BGulland%2C+FMD&rft.aulast=Gobush&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Endangered+Species+Research&rft.issn=18635407&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fesr00364 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Parasites; Growth; Body conditions; Marine mammals; Disease control; Survival; Survivorship; Endangered Species; Islands; Food; Endangered species; Praziquantel; seals; survival; Monachus schauinslandi; Cestoda; USA, Hawaii, Laysan I.; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr00364 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Statistical Inferences from Formaldehyde DNA-Protein Cross-Link Data: Improving Methods for Characterization of Uncertainty AN - 907170415; 15524750 AB - Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling has reached considerable sophistication in its application to pharmacological and environmental health problems. Yet, mature methodologies for making statistical inferences have not been routinely incorporated in these applications except in a few data-rich cases. This paper demonstrates how improved statistical inference on estimated model parameters from both frequentist and Bayesian points of view can be routinely carried out. We work with a previously developed PBPK model for the formation and disposition of DNA-protein cross-links formed by inhaled formaldehyde in the nasal lining of rats and rhesus monkeys. We purposefully choose this model because it is based on sparse time-course data. JF - Journal of Biopharmaceutical Statistics AU - Klein, Martin D AU - Sinha, Bimal K AU - Subramaniam, Ravi P AD - Center for Statistical Research and Methodology, U.S. Census Bureau, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - Jan 2011 SP - 42 EP - 55 PB - Taylor & Francis Group Ltd., 2 Park Square Oxford OX14 4RN United Kingdom VL - 21 IS - 1 SN - 1054-3406, 1054-3406 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - DNA-protein cross-links (DPX) KW - Formaldehyde KW - Nonlinear regression models KW - Ordinary differential equations KW - PBPK models KW - Statistics KW - Mathematical models KW - Data processing KW - Bayesian analysis KW - Physiology KW - Statistical analysis KW - Environmental health KW - Disposition KW - Pharmacokinetics KW - Rats KW - Pharmaceuticals KW - Macaca mulatta KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - N 14810:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/907170415?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biopharmaceutical+Statistics&rft.atitle=Statistical+Inferences+from+Formaldehyde+DNA-Protein+Cross-Link+Data%3A+Improving+Methods+for+Characterization+of+Uncertainty&rft.au=Klein%2C+Martin+D%3BSinha%2C+Bimal+K%3BSubramaniam%2C+Ravi+P&rft.aulast=Klein&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=42&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biopharmaceutical+Statistics&rft.issn=10543406&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F10543400903531601 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Mathematical models; Statistics; Bayesian analysis; Statistical analysis; Pharmaceuticals; Formaldehyde; Disposition; Pharmacokinetics; Rats; Physiology; Environmental health; Macaca mulatta DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10543400903531601 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of the mosquito control insecticide phenothrin to three life stages of the grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio) AN - 904487524; 15147070 AB - Phenothrin is a synthetic pyrethroid used as a contact insecticide in mosquito control programs. This study compared the toxicity of phenothrin to adult, larval and embryonic grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio) and examined oxidative stress responses in adult and larval grass shrimp. The adult 24-h LC50 was 0.341 Delta *mg/L (95 % confidence intervals 0.282-0.412) and the 96-h LC50 was 0.161 Delta *mg/L (95 % CI 0.128-0.203 Delta *mg/L). The larval 24-h LC50 was 0.50 Delta *mg/L (95 % CI 0.441-0.568) and the 96-h LC50 was 0.154 Delta *mg/L (95 % CI 0.139-0.170 Delta *mg/L). In the presence of sediment, the 24-h LC50 was 6.30 Delta *mg/L (95 % CI 5.00-7.44 Delta *mg/L) for adults and 0.771 Delta *mg/L (95 % CI 0.630-0.944) for larvae. The sublethal biomarkers glutathione and lipid peroxidase (LPx) were examined after 96-h phenothrin exposure at five concentrations, and there were no statistically significant differences in these levels in adults or larvae compared to controls. There was a significant downward trend in larval LPx levels. This research confirms that phenothrin is highly toxic to grass shrimp and suggests that both adult and larval grass shrimp are appropriate life stages for risk assessments. JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B: Pesticides, Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes AU - Key, Peter B AU - Chung, Katy W AU - Hoguet, Jennifer AU - Sapozhnikova, Yelena AU - Delorenzo, Marie E AD - Center for Coastal Environmental Health and Biomolecular Research, National Ocean Service, Charleston, South Carolina, USA Y1 - 2011///0, PY - 2011 DA - 0, 2011 PB - Taylor & Francis Group Ltd., 2 Park Square Oxford OX14 4RN United Kingdom SN - 0360-1234, 0360-1234 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Palaemonetes pugio KW - Grasses KW - Glutathione KW - Lipids KW - Peroxidase KW - Statistical analysis KW - Insecticides KW - Oxidative stress KW - Embryos KW - Pyrethroids KW - Bioindicators KW - Control programs KW - Agricultural wastes KW - Larvae KW - Developmental stages KW - Culicidae KW - Toxicity KW - Food contamination KW - biomarkers KW - Lipid peroxidation KW - Sediments KW - Pesticides KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology KW - R2 23050:Environment KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/904487524?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Endangered+Species+Research&rft.atitle=Spatial+models+of+sparse+data+to+inform+cetacean+conservation+planning%3A+an+example+from+Oman&rft.au=Corkeron%2C+Peter+J%3BCollins%2C+Gianna+Minton+Tim%3BFindlay%2C+Ken%3BWillson%2C+Andrew%3BBaldwin%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Corkeron&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Endangered+Species+Research&rft.issn=18635407&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fesr00367 L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~db=all~content=a937970208~frm=titlelink LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Glutathione; Agricultural wastes; Control programs; Peroxidase; Statistical analysis; Developmental stages; Toxicity; Food contamination; biomarkers; Sediments; Lipid peroxidation; Insecticides; Oxidative stress; Pesticides; Embryos; Pyrethroids; Bioindicators; Grasses; Lipids; Larvae; Palaemonetes pugio; Culicidae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03601234.2011.572519 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Data assimilation using a hybrid ice flow model AN - 904486971; 15953624 AB - Hybrid models, or depth-integrated flow models that include the effect of both longitudinal stresses and vertical shearing, are becoming more prevalent in dynamical ice modeling. Under a wide range of conditions they closely approximate the well-known First Order stress balance, yet are of computationally lower dimension, and thus require less intensive resources. Concomitant with the development and use of these models is the need to perform inversions of observed data. Here, an inverse control method is extended to use a hybrid flow model as a forward model. We derive an adjoint of a hybrid model and use it for inversion of ice-stream basal traction from observed surface velocities. A novel aspect of the adjoint derivation is a retention of non-linearities in Glen's flow law. Experiments show that in some cases, including those nonlinearities is advantageous in minimization of the cost function, yielding a more efficient inversion procedure. JF - Cryosphere AU - Goldberg, D N AU - Sergienko, O V AD - Princeton University, Program in Atmosphere and Ocean Sciences, Princeton, USA, daniel.goldberg@noaa.gov Y1 - 2011///0, PY - 2011 DA - 0, 2011 SP - 315 EP - 327 VL - 5 IS - 2 SN - 1994-0416, 1994-0416 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Surface Velocity KW - Stress KW - Retention KW - Data assimilation KW - Inversions KW - Model Studies KW - Costs KW - Cryosphere KW - Ice drift KW - Traction KW - Nonlinearity KW - Modelling KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q2 09122:Legislation KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - M2 551.32:E. Glaciology (551.32) KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/904486971?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cryosphere&rft.atitle=Data+assimilation+using+a+hybrid+ice+flow+model&rft.au=Goldberg%2C+D+N%3BSergienko%2C+O+V&rft.aulast=Goldberg&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=315&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cryosphere&rft.issn=19940416&rft_id=info:doi/10.5194%2Ftc-5-315-2011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cryosphere; Traction; Ice drift; Nonlinearity; Inversions; Modelling; Data assimilation; Costs; Surface Velocity; Stress; Retention; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-5-315-2011 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Variability and Trends of High Temperature, High Humidity, and Sultry Weather in the Warm Season in China during the Period 1961-2004 AN - 904468025; 14345061 AB - Using the daily maximum air temperature and mean humidity observations at 394 surface weather stations across China, the changes in the annual number of days of high temperature weather (HTW), high humidity weather (HHW), and sultry weather (STW) in China over the period 1961-2004 are studied. The results indicate that there were considerable spatial differences and temporal variability of HTW, HHW, and STW across China. Under a climatic mean condition, a notable feature is that southeastern China is the region of collocation of high values of the annual number of days of HTW, HHW, and STW, as well as the region of the most significant variabilities of these parameters. About 55% of the stations in China have increasing trends of the annual number of days of HTW. Most stations in China show decreasing trends of the annual number of days of HHW and are mainly located either in the area south of 30 degree N or in northern and northeastern China. The stations with increasing trends of the annual number of days of STW are mainly located in northern China, while the stations that have decreasing trends are primarily located in southern China. The analysis results suggest that the variability of the annual number of days of STW corresponds mainly to HTW, and less to HHW. The change in the East Asian monsoon may be responsible for the changes of these statistics in extreme weather in China. JF - Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology AU - Shi, Xiaohui AU - Lu, Chungu AU - Xu, Xiangde AD - State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, China, chungu.lu@noaa.gov Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - Jan 2011 SP - 127 EP - 143 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 50 IS - 1 SN - 1558-8424, 1558-8424 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Variability KW - Statistics KW - Statistical analysis KW - Air temperature KW - Spatial variations KW - High temperatures KW - Climatology KW - Weather KW - Air Temperature KW - Temporal variations KW - Temperature KW - Humidity KW - Warm seasons KW - High humidities KW - East Asian monsoon KW - Temperature trends KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Monsoons KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - M2 551.571:Humidity (551.571) KW - SW 0540:Properties of water KW - O 2070:Meteorology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/904468025?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology+and+Climatology&rft.atitle=Variability+and+Trends+of+High+Temperature%2C+High+Humidity%2C+and+Sultry+Weather+in+the+Warm+Season+in+China+during+the+Period+1961-2004&rft.au=Shi%2C+Xiaohui%3BLu%2C+Chungu%3BXu%2C+Xiangde&rft.aulast=Shi&rft.aufirst=Xiaohui&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology+and+Climatology&rft.issn=15588424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JAMC2345.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Spatial variations; Temporal variations; Humidity; Climatology; Air temperature; Monsoons; High humidities; High temperatures; East Asian monsoon; Statistical analysis; Warm seasons; Temperature trends; Weather; Variability; Statistics; Air Temperature; Temperature; China, People's Rep. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JAMC2345.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) Intersensor Calibration Using a Simultaneous Conical Overpass Technique AN - 904467829; 14345059 AB - A new intersensor calibration scheme is developed for the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) to correct its scan-angle-dependent bias, the radar calibration beacon interference on the F-15 satellite, and other intersensor biases. The intersensor bias is characterized by the simultaneous overpass measurements with the F-13 SSM/I as a reference. This sensor data record (SDR) intersensor calibration procedure is routinely running at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and is now used for reprocessing all SSM/I environmental data records (EDR), including total precipitable water (TPW) and surface precipitation. Results show that this scheme improves the consistency of the monthly SDR's time series from different SSM/I sensors. Relative to the matched rain products from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission, the bias of SSM/I monthly precipitation is reduced by 12% after intersensor calibration. TPW biases between sensors are reduced by 75% over the global ocean and 20% over the tropical ocean, respectively. The intersensor calibration reduces biases by 20.6%, 15.7%, and 6.5% for oceanic, land, and global precipitation, respectively. The TPW climate trend is 1.59% decade super(-1) (or 0.34 mm decade super(-1)) for the global ocean and 1.39% decade super(-1) (or 0.63 mm decade super(-1)) for the tropical ocean, indicating related trends decrease of 38% and 54%, respectively, from the uncalibrated SDRs. Results demonstrate the large impacts of this calibration on the TPW climate trend. JF - Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology AU - Yang, Song AU - Weng, Fuzhong AU - Yan, Banghua AU - Sun, Ninghai AU - Goldberg, Mitch AD - NOAA/NESDIS/Center for Satellite Applications and Research, and I. M. Systems Group, Inc., Camp Springs, Maryland Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - Jan 2011 SP - 77 EP - 95 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 50 IS - 1 SN - 1558-8424, 1558-8424 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Remote Sensing KW - Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) KW - Sensors KW - Time series analysis KW - Scientific satellites KW - Microwaves KW - Calibrations KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Climatology KW - Hydrologic Data KW - Marine KW - Satellite Technology KW - Climates KW - Global precipitation KW - Climatic trends KW - Radar calibration KW - Precipitation KW - Satellite instrumentation KW - Precipitable water KW - Oceans KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - SW 0815:Precipitation KW - M2 551.578.1:Liquid (551.578.1) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/904467829?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology+and+Climatology&rft.atitle=Special+Sensor+Microwave+Imager+%28SSM%2FI%29+Intersensor+Calibration+Using+a+Simultaneous+Conical+Overpass+Technique&rft.au=Yang%2C+Song%3BWeng%2C+Fuzhong%3BYan%2C+Banghua%3BSun%2C+Ninghai%3BGoldberg%2C+Mitch&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Song&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology+and+Climatology&rft.issn=15588424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JAMC2271.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Microwaves; Sensors; Ocean-atmosphere system; Climatology; Scientific satellites; Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I); Precipitable water; Global precipitation; Radar calibration; Climatic trends; Precipitation; Satellite instrumentation; Time series analysis; Remote Sensing; Satellite Technology; Calibrations; Oceans; Climates; Hydrologic Data; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JAMC2271.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanisms Associated with Large Daily Rainfall Events in Northeast Brazil AN - 904465621; 14345078 AB - The mechanisms resulting in large daily rainfall events in Northeast Brazil are analyzed using data filtering to exclude periods longer than 30 days. Composites of circulation fields that include all independent events do not reveal any obvious forcing mechanisms as multiple patterns contribute to Northeast Brazil precipitation variability. To isolate coherent patterns, subsets of events are selected based on anomalies that precede the Northeast Brazil precipitation events at different locations. The results indicate that at 10 degree S, 40 degree W, the area of lowest annual rainfall in Brazil, precipitation occurs mainly in association with trailing midlatitude synoptic wave trains originating in either hemisphere. Closer to the equator at 5 degree S, 37.5 degree W, an additional convection precursor is found to the west, with a spatial structure consistent with that of a Kelvin wave. Although these two sites are located within only several hundred kilometers of each other and the midlatitude patterns that induce precipitation appear to be quite similar, the dates on which large precipitation anomalies occur at each location are almost entirely independent, pointing to separate forcing mechanisms. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Liebmann, Brant AU - Kiladis, Dave AU - Allured, George N AU - Jones, Charles AU - Carvalho, M AU - Leila, M V AU - Blade, Ileana AU - Gonzales, Paula L AD - * NOAA/Earth System Research Laboratory, and CIRES Climate Diagnostics Center, Boulder, Colorado Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - Jan 2011 SP - 376 EP - 396 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 24 IS - 2 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Convection KW - Variability KW - Rainfall KW - Convection development KW - Wave trains KW - Precipitation anomalies KW - Waves KW - Circulation patterns KW - Annual rainfall KW - Climates KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Precipitation KW - Precipitation variability KW - Kelvin waves KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - M2 551.58:Climatology (551.58) KW - SW 0815:Precipitation KW - O 2070:Meteorology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/904465621?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Mechanisms+Associated+with+Large+Daily+Rainfall+Events+in+Northeast+Brazil&rft.au=Liebmann%2C+Brant%3BKiladis%2C+Dave%3BAllured%2C+George+N%3BJones%2C+Charles%3BCarvalho%2C+M%3BLeila%2C+M+V%3BBlade%2C+Ileana%3BGonzales%2C+Paula+L&rft.aulast=Liebmann&rft.aufirst=Brant&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=376&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JCLI3457.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Convection; Wave trains; Rainfall; Kelvin waves; Annual rainfall; Precipitation anomalies; Precipitation variability; Atmospheric circulation; Convection development; Precipitation; Circulation patterns; Variability; Climates; Waves DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JCLI3457.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recurrent Supersynoptic Evolution of the Great Plains Low-Level Jet AN - 904465617; 14345077 AB - The evolution of supersynoptic (i.e., pentad) Great Plains low-level jet (GPLLJ) variability, its precipitation impacts, and large-scale circulation context are analyzed in the North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR)--a high-resolution precipitation-assimilating dataset--and the NCEP-NCAR reanalysis. The analysis strategy leans on the extended EOF technique, which targets both spatial and temporal recurrence of a variability episode. Pentad GPLLJ variability structures are found to be spatially similar to those in the monthly analysis. The temporal evolution of the supersynoptic GPLLJ-induced precipitation anomalies reveal interesting lead and lag relationships highlighted by GPLLJ variability-leading precipitation anomalies. Interestingly, similar temporal phasing of the GPLLJ and precipitation anomalies were operative during the 1993 (1988) floods (drought) over the Great Plains, indicating the importance of these submonthly GPLLJ variability modes in the instigation of extreme hydroclimatic episodes. The northward-shifted (dry) GPLLJ variability mode is linked to large-scale circulation variations emanating from remote regions that are modified by interaction with the Rocky Mountains, suggesting that the supersynoptic GPLLJ fluctuations may have their origin in orographic modulation of baroclinic development. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Weaver, Scott J AU - Nigam, Sumant AD - NOAA/Climate Prediction Center, Camp Springs, Maryland Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - Jan 2011 SP - 575 EP - 582 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 24 IS - 2 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Variability KW - Empirical orthogonal functions KW - Drought KW - Data reanalysis KW - North America, Rocky Mts. KW - Mountains KW - Low-level jet stream KW - Floods KW - Precipitation anomalies KW - Droughts KW - North America KW - Climates KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Precipitation KW - Baroclinic mode KW - USA, Great Plains KW - Precipitation variability KW - Flood variability KW - Fluctuations KW - Evolution KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q2 09161:General KW - M2 551.58:Climatology (551.58) KW - SW 0815:Precipitation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/904465617?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Recurrent+Supersynoptic+Evolution+of+the+Great+Plains+Low-Level+Jet&rft.au=Weaver%2C+Scott+J%3BNigam%2C+Sumant&rft.aulast=Weaver&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=575&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JCLI3445.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Baroclinic mode; Droughts; Low-level jet stream; Floods; Precipitation anomalies; Precipitation variability; Flood variability; Empirical orthogonal functions; Atmospheric circulation; Precipitation; Data reanalysis; Mountains; Variability; Climates; Drought; Fluctuations; Evolution; North America, Rocky Mts.; North America; USA, Great Plains DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JCLI3445.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stream guiding algorithm for deriving flow direction from DEM and location of main streams AN - 904460762; 2011-102664 AB - The drainage paths and directions within the drainage basin are important for analyses of the interactions between human and nature. The stream burning algorithm is a popular D8-based method and can be effective in the digital reproduction of a known and generally accepted stream network. The stream guiding algorithm has been developed in this paper to overcome the stream burning algorithm's disadvantage of locally altering elevation in order to provide the consistency between existing vector hydrography and the DEM. In the new algorithm, flow direction of LMS (location of main streams) grids will be determined first; then possible outlets in non-LMS area will be found; and finally, the flow direction of undetermined area will be calculated by a "filling up" technique. Evaluations for Taiwan Island show that the new algorithm has a similar performance to that of the stream burning algorithm in river network reproduction. The new algorithm obeys the "steepest decent rule" and DEM data more strictly than the stream burning algorithm, especially around the LMS grids. JF - IAHS-AISH Publication AU - Wang, Jiahu AU - Li, Li AU - Hao, Zhenchun AU - Gourley, Jonathan J Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 198 EP - 205 PB - International Association of Hydrological Sciences VL - 346 SN - 0144-7815, 0144-7815 KW - models KW - hydrology KW - Taiwan KW - Far East KW - streamflow KW - surface water KW - rivers and streams KW - algorithms KW - digital terrain models KW - Asia KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/904460762?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IAHS-AISH+Publication&rft.atitle=Stream+guiding+algorithm+for+deriving+flow+direction+from+DEM+and+location+of+main+streams&rft.au=Wang%2C+Jiahu%3BLi%2C+Li%3BHao%2C+Zhenchun%3BGourley%2C+Jonathan+J&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Jiahu&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=346&rft.issue=&rft.spage=198&rft.isbn=9781907161216&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IAHS-AISH+Publication&rft.issn=01447815&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International symposium, HO2, held during IUGG 2011, the XXV general assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - CODEN - PIHSD9 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; Asia; digital terrain models; Far East; hydrology; models; rivers and streams; streamflow; surface water; Taiwan ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vertical scaling of temperature, wind and humidity fluctuations: dropsondes from 13 km to the surface of the Pacific Ocean AN - 902379809; 15875434 AB - Observational data were taken in the 'vertical' structure at 2 Hz from research dropsondes for temperature, wind speed and relative humidity during the '800 s it takes to reach the surface from the '13 km altitude of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Gulfstream 4SP aircraft. The observations were made mainly through the depth of the troposphere above the eastern Pacific Ocean from 15? N to 43? N (dropsondes) and 60? N (aircraft) in 2004. Grand averages of some key figures and of probability distribution functions (PDFs) were formed by compounding the data from the Winter Storms Projects 2004, 2005 and 2006, comprising 246, 324 and 315 (some dropped up to 60? N) useable sondes, respectively. This sizeable data set was used to representatively characterize the statistical fluctuations in the 'vertical' structure from 13 km to the surface. The fluctuations are resolved at 5--10 m altitude, so covering up to 3 orders of magnitude of typical tropospheric weighting functions for passive remote sounders. Average 'vertical' statistical, multifractal, scaling exponents H, C 1 and Delta *a of temperature, wind speed and humidity fluctuations observed at high resolution were computed and are available as potential generators of representative, scale-invariant summaries of the vertical structure of the marine troposphere, for use in design and retrieval of remotely sounded observations. JF - International Journal of Remote Sensing AU - Hovde, Susan J AU - Tuck, Adrian Francis AU - Lovejoy, Shaun AU - Schertzer, Daniel AD - NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Boulder, CO, 80305, USA Y1 - 2011///0, PY - 2011 DA - 0, 2011 SP - 5891 EP - 5918 PB - Taylor & Francis Group Ltd., 2 Park Square Oxford OX14 4RN United Kingdom VL - 32 IS - 20 SN - 0143-1161, 0143-1161 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Relative humidity KW - Marine KW - IE, Pacific KW - Winter storms KW - Statistical analysis KW - Remote sensing KW - Troposphere KW - Humidity KW - Dropsondes KW - Water temperature KW - Vertical profiles KW - Humidity fluctuations KW - Wind speed KW - I, Pacific KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Oceanographic data KW - M2 551.55:Wind (551.55) KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling KW - O 2070:Meteorology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/902379809?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Remote+Sensing&rft.atitle=Vertical+scaling+of+temperature%2C+wind+and+humidity+fluctuations%3A+dropsondes+from+13+km+to+the+surface+of+the+Pacific+Ocean&rft.au=Hovde%2C+Susan+J%3BTuck%2C+Adrian+Francis%3BLovejoy%2C+Shaun%3BSchertzer%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Hovde&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=5891&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Remote+Sensing&rft.issn=01431161&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F01431161.2011.602652 L2 - http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01431161.2011.602652 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Relative humidity; Wind speed; Ocean-atmosphere system; Remote sensing; Humidity; Troposphere; Water temperature; Vertical profiles; Humidity fluctuations; Winter storms; Statistical analysis; Dropsondes; Oceanographic data; IE, Pacific; I, Pacific; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2011.602652 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Satellite observations of environmental changes from the Tonga volcano eruption in the southern tropical Pacific AN - 902368983; 15875428 AB - Satellite measurements from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on Aqua were used to study changes of the ocean and atmosphere following the eruption of a submarine volcano in March 2009 in the southern tropical Pacific. Significant increase of water turbidity was observed in an area of '368 km2 near the location of the eruption due to the deposition of volcanic ash. In the ocean region close to the volcanic eruption, the diffuse attenuation coefficient at a wavelength of 490 nm, K d(490), increased from '0.025 to 0.16 m-1 before and after the volcanic eruption. Within two weeks of the event, the coverage of the ash-laden waters decreased to '30 km2, and after four weeks the satellite-measured marine environment parameters returned back to the pre-eruption condition. The normalized water-leaving reflectance spectra, derived from the combined near-infrared (NIR) and shortwave infrared (SWIR) atmospheric correction algorithm for the ash-laden water, show some unique optical features, different from those of the sediment-dominated turbid waters, river plume waters or other productive waters. No significant sea surface temperature (SST) change was detected from satellite measurements near the eruption site. Volcanic ash plumes in the atmosphere were observed moving north-eastward following the ocean winds on 18 March 2009. The aerosol optical thickness increased from 0.06 on the previous day to 0.25 at a location '60 km north-east of the volcanic eruption site. JF - International Journal of Remote Sensing AU - Shi, Wei AU - Wang, Menghua AD - NOAA National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service, Center for Satellite Applications and Research, E/RA3, Camp Springs, MD, 20746, USA Y1 - 2011///0, PY - 2011 DA - 0, 2011 SP - 5785 EP - 5796 PB - Taylor & Francis Group Ltd., 2 Park Square Oxford OX14 4RN United Kingdom VL - 32 IS - 20 SN - 0143-1161, 0143-1161 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Volcanic eruptions KW - Aerosols KW - Eruptions KW - ISE, Pacific, Tonga KW - Ash KW - Volcanoes KW - Remote sensing KW - Freshwater KW - IS, Tropical Pacific KW - Satellites KW - Atmosphere KW - Extinction coefficient KW - River plumes KW - Oceans KW - Tropical environment KW - Volcanic ash KW - Turbidity KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - O 3050:Sediment Dynamics KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/902368983?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Remote+Sensing&rft.atitle=Satellite+observations+of+environmental+changes+from+the+Tonga+volcano+eruption+in+the+southern+tropical+Pacific&rft.au=Shi%2C+Wei%3BWang%2C+Menghua&rft.aulast=Shi&rft.aufirst=Wei&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=5785&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Remote+Sensing&rft.issn=01431161&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F01431161.2010.507679 L2 - http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01431161.2010.507679 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aerosols; Volcanic eruptions; River plumes; Extinction coefficient; Tropical environment; Remote sensing; Volcanic ash; Volcanoes; Turbidity; Eruptions; Ash; Oceans; Atmosphere; Satellites; ISE, Pacific, Tonga; IS, Tropical Pacific; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2010.507679 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sampling Efficiency of Longlines for Shortraker and Rougheye Rockfish using Observations from a Manned Submersible AN - 902368611; 15762771 AB - Populations of demersal rockfish of the genus Sebastes are challenging to assess because they inhabit rocky areas that are difficult to sample with trawl gear. In contrast, longline gear can sample rocky areas, but several factors besides fish density can affect the relationship between catch rates and density. In this study, longline catch rates of shortraker rockfish Sebastes borealis and rougheye rockfish S. aleutianus were compared with observations of density from a manned submersible to evaluate the species' catchability on longline gear. On separate occasions, rockfish behavior in the presence of longline gear was observed from the submersible. Densities averaged 3.0 shortraker and rougheye rockfish (combined) per 330 m2 of bottom (the effectively sampled area of a 100-m transect). Longline catch rates averaged 2.7 shortraker and rougheye rockfish per skate of 45 hooks. Longline catch rates were not statistically affected by submersible observations. There was a positive trend between density and longline catch rates, but the relationship was not significant. As observed from the submersible, the proportion of fish free-swimming near the longline increased through the duration of the set, indicating that rockfish were attracted to the line faster than they were caught. The catching process for shortraker and rougheye rockfish lasts longer than for more mobile species such as sablefish Anoplopoma fimbria. JF - Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science AU - Rodgveller, Cara J AU - Sigler, Michael F AU - Hanselman, Dana H AU - Ito, Daniel H AD - National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Auke Bay Laboratories, 17109 Point Lena Loop Road, Juneau, Alaska 99801, USA, cara.rodgveller@noaa.gov cara.rodgveller@noaa.gov cara.rodgveller@noaa.gov Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Bethesda MD 20814-2199 United States VL - 3 IS - 1 SN - 1942-5120, 1942-5120 KW - Rockcod KW - Rockfishes KW - Rosefishes KW - Sablefish KW - Shortraker rockfish KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Marine KW - Submersibles KW - Longlining KW - Fishing gear KW - Population density KW - Sebastes borealis KW - Anoplopoma fimbria KW - Coastal zone management KW - Marine fish KW - Catchability KW - Fishery management KW - Sampling KW - Sebastes KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08564:Instruments, tools, equipment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/902368611?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+and+Coastal+Fisheries%3A+Dynamics%2C+Management%2C+and+Ecosystem+Science&rft.atitle=Sampling+Efficiency+of+Longlines+for+Shortraker+and+Rougheye+Rockfish+using+Observations+from+a+Manned+Submersible&rft.au=Rodgveller%2C+Cara+J%3BSigler%2C+Michael+F%3BHanselman%2C+Dana+H%3BIto%2C+Daniel+H&rft.aulast=Rodgveller&rft.aufirst=Cara&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+and+Coastal+Fisheries%3A+Dynamics%2C+Management%2C+and+Ecosystem+Science&rft.issn=19425120&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F19425120.2010.549047 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Catchability; Fishery management; Submersibles; Fishing gear; Longlining; Population density; Sampling; Coastal zone management; Sebastes borealis; Anoplopoma fimbria; Sebastes; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19425120.2010.549047 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Model for Estimating the Minimum Number of Offspring to Sample in Studies of Reproductive Success AN - 902368081; 15568251 AB - Molecular parentage permits studies of selection and evolution in fecund species with cryptic mating systems, such as fish, amphibians, and insects. However, there exists no method for estimating the number of offspring that must be assigned parentage to achieve robust estimates of reproductive success when only a fraction of offspring can be sampled. We constructed a 2-stage model that first estimated the mean ( mu ) and variance (v) in reproductive success from published studies on salmonid fishes and then sampled offspring from reproductive success distributions simulated from the mu and v estimates. Results provided strong support for modeling salmonid reproductive success via the negative binomial distribution and suggested that few offspring samples are needed to reject the null hypothesis of uniform offspring production. However, the sampled reproductive success distributions deviated significantly ( chi super(2) goodness-of-fit test p value 0.05 and as high as 0.24, even when hundreds of offspring were assigned parentage. In general, reproductive success patterns were less accurate when offspring were sampled from cohorts with larger numbers of parents and greater variance in reproductive success. Our model can be reparameterized with data from other species and will aid researchers in planning reproductive success studies by providing explicit sampling targets required to accurately assess reproductive success. JF - Journal of Heredity AU - Anderson, Joseph H AU - Ward, Eric J AU - Carlson, Stephanie M Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 567 EP - 576 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 102 IS - 5 SN - 0022-1503, 0022-1503 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Genetics Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - Amphibiotic species KW - Anadromous species KW - Models KW - Mating KW - Genetics KW - Progeny KW - Sampling KW - Reproductive behaviour KW - Salmonidae KW - Aquatic insects KW - Evolution KW - Breeding success KW - Modelling KW - G 07740:Evolution KW - Y 25130:Methodology KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08423:Behaviour UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/902368081?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Heredity&rft.atitle=A+Model+for+Estimating+the+Minimum+Number+of+Offspring+to+Sample+in+Studies+of+Reproductive+Success&rft.au=Miller%2C+M+W%3BPiniak%2C+G+A%3BWilliams%2C+DE&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=42&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuarine%2C+Coastal+and+Shelf+Science&rft.issn=02727714&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ecss.2010.10.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genetics; Amphibiotic species; Anadromous species; Reproductive behaviour; Aquatic insects; Evolution; Modelling; Breeding success; Mating; Data processing; Progeny; Sampling; Models; Salmonidae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esr060 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - FishSmart: Harnessing the Knowledge of Stakeholders to Enhance U.S. Marine Recreational Fisheries with Application to the Atlantic King Mackerel Fishery AN - 902364154; 15848101 AB - Despite widespread recognition of the importance of including stakeholders in management decisions for fisheries, an integrated process for broadening stakeholder involvement in the management of marine fisheries in the United States is lacking. Many marine recreational fishery stakeholders feel frustrated by a perceived lack of inclusion in the management process. Here, we describe a collaborative, integrated process between scientists and stakeholders, called "FishSmart," which complements current management by informing fishery managers of stakeholder preferences for alternative management strategies. Strategies were designed by the stakeholders to improve the status of the king mackerel Scomberomorus cavalla fishery off the southeastern coast of the United States, relative to their shared vision of an improved fishery. Over the course of four facilitated workshops, stakeholders explored and compared the consequences of voluntary and regulatory fishery management strategies, using a decision analysis model developed by project scientists. Goals identified by stakeholders included maintaining high and stable catches and retaining year-round access and the ability to catch large fish. Options modeled included both voluntary changes in fishing practices and mandatory regulations. Stakeholders agreed that status quo management options were not sufficient to ensure sustainability in the Atlantic king mackerel fishery and developed a suite of 18 consensus recommendations of how to best meet their shared vision of a quality fishery. JF - American Fisheries Society Symposium AU - Ihde, T F AU - Wilberg, MJ AU - Secor, D H AU - Miller, T J Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 19 EP - 93 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Marine fisheries KW - Marine fish KW - Marine KW - USA KW - Resource management KW - Scomberomorus cavalla KW - Fishery management KW - Mackerel fisheries KW - Scomber KW - Catch statistics KW - Fishery development KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/902364154?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Ihde%2C+T+F%3BWilberg%2C+MJ%3BSecor%2C+D+H%3BMiller%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Ihde&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=FishSmart%3A+Harnessing+the+Knowledge+of+Stakeholders+to+Enhance+U.S.+Marine+Recreational+Fisheries+with+Application+to+the+Atlantic+King+Mackerel+Fishery&rft.title=FishSmart%3A+Harnessing+the+Knowledge+of+Stakeholders+to+Enhance+U.S.+Marine+Recreational+Fisheries+with+Application+to+the+Atlantic+King+Mackerel+Fishery&rft.issn=08922284&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying Species Abundance Trends in the Northern Gulf of California using Local Ecological Knowledge AN - 902358592; 15762759 AB - Ecosystem-based fisheries management requires data on all parts of the ecosystem, and this can be a barrier in data-poor systems. Marine ecologists need a means of drawing together diverse information to reconstruct species abundance trends for a variety of purposes. This article uses a fuzzy logic approach to integrate information from multiple data sources and describe biomass trends for marine species groups in the northern Gulf of California, Mexico. Forty-two species groups were analyzed, comprising fish, invertebrates, birds, mammals, turtles, and algae. The most important new data series comes from recent interviews with fishers in the northern part of the gulf. Respondents were asked to classify the abundance of various targeted and untargeted marine species groups from 1950 to the present. The fuzzy logic method integrates their responses with catch-per-unit-effort series, intrinsic vulnerability to fishing determined from life history parameters, biomass predicted by a Schaefer harvest model, and other simple indices. The output of the fuzzy logic routine is a time series of abundance for each species group that can be compared with known trends. The results suggest a general decline in species abundance across fished and mulshed taxa, with a few exceptions. Information gathered from interviews indicated that older fishers tended to recognize a greater relative decrease in species abundance since 1970 than did younger fishers, providing another example of Pauly's (1995) shifting cognitive baselines. JF - Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science AU - Ainsworth, CH Y1 - 2011///0, PY - 2011 DA - 0, 2011 SP - 190 EP - 218 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Bethesda MD 20814-2199 United States VL - 3 IS - 1 SN - 1942-5120, 1942-5120 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Barriers KW - Abundance KW - Aquatic reptiles KW - coastal fisheries KW - Population dynamics KW - Models KW - fuzzy logic KW - Fishing KW - Fishery management KW - Information processing KW - Coastal fisheries KW - Vulnerability KW - ISE, Mexico, California Gulf KW - Algae KW - Marine KW - Data processing KW - time series analysis KW - life history KW - relative abundance KW - Biomass KW - ecologists KW - Coastal zone management KW - Life history KW - Marine ecologists KW - Cognitive ability KW - Depleted stocks KW - Fish KW - fishing KW - abundance KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/902358592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+and+Coastal+Fisheries%3A+Dynamics%2C+Management%2C+and+Ecosystem+Science&rft.atitle=Quantifying+Species+Abundance+Trends+in+the+Northern+Gulf+of+California+using+Local+Ecological+Knowledge&rft.au=Ainsworth%2C+CH&rft.aulast=Ainsworth&rft.aufirst=CH&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=190&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+and+Coastal+Fisheries%3A+Dynamics%2C+Management%2C+and+Ecosystem+Science&rft.issn=19425120&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F19425120.2010.549047 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Barriers; Marine ecologists; Fishery management; Aquatic reptiles; Depleted stocks; Coastal fisheries; Vulnerability; Population dynamics; Coastal zone management; fuzzy logic; Fishing; Life history; Data processing; Cognitive ability; Information processing; Abundance; Biomass; Algae; Models; time series analysis; life history; relative abundance; Fish; fishing; coastal fisheries; ecologists; abundance; ISE, Mexico, California Gulf; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19425120.2010.549047 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Defining Essential Fish Habitat for Atka Mackerel with Respect to Feeding within and Adjacent to Aleutian Islands Trawl Exclusion Zones AN - 902358580; 15762758 AB - The distribution patterns of Atka mackerel Pleurogrammus monopterygius were examined, both seasonally and spatially, to identify essential feeding habitat and to add to existing knowledge of diet composition. The study focused on two local aggregations in the Aleutian Islands, Alaska: one at Seguam Pass and one near Amchitka Island. At each locale, we examined the mean stomach fullness (i.e., feeding intensity) and diet composition of randomly selected fish within and outside of trawl exclusion zones (TEZs). The trawl exclusion zones extend out 10-20 nm from Steiler sea lion Eumetopias jubatus rookeries and haulouts; no trawling is allowed inside these zones. During four of the six periods examined, mean stomach fullness was higher inside the TEZ than outside it. At Seguam Pass, fish were distributed into northern and southern aggregations and diet composition varied by age, season, and location relative to the TEZs. Feeding intensity appeared to be greatest inside the TEZ in the northern portion of Seguam Pass near a productive frontal region characterized by a transition zone of well-mixed (upwelling) and stratified water. At Seguam Pass, piscivory occurred almost entirely inside the TEZ in June. Near Amchitka Island, feeding intensity was significantly higher inside the TEZ, which coincided with an increase in egg cannibalism in October. Based on these observations, we suggest that the areas of increased feeding activity in conjunction with diet composition at Seguam Pass and Amchitka Island represent essential feeding habitat for Atka mackerel. JF - Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science AU - Rand, Kimberly M AU - Lowe, Sandra A AD - National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Resource Ecology and Fisheries Management Division, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, Washington 98115, USA, kimberly.rand@noaa.gov Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 21 EP - 31 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Bethesda MD 20814-2199 United States VL - 3 IS - 1 SN - 1942-5120, 1942-5120 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Marine KW - Eumetopias jubatus KW - Pleurogrammus monopterygius KW - Trawling KW - Upwelling KW - Ecological distribution KW - Habitat KW - Nutrition KW - INE, USA, Alaska, Aleutian Is., Seguam Pass KW - Coastal zone management KW - INE, USA, Alaska, Aleutian Is., Rat Is., Amchitka I. KW - Marine fish KW - Stomach content KW - IN, USA, Alaska, Aleutian Is. KW - Marine mammals KW - Scomber KW - O 5080:Legal/Governmental KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - Q1 08567:Fishery oceanography and limnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/902358580?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+and+Coastal+Fisheries%3A+Dynamics%2C+Management%2C+and+Ecosystem+Science&rft.atitle=Defining+Essential+Fish+Habitat+for+Atka+Mackerel+with+Respect+to+Feeding+within+and+Adjacent+to+Aleutian+Islands+Trawl+Exclusion+Zones&rft.au=Rand%2C+Kimberly+M%3BLowe%2C+Sandra+A&rft.aulast=Rand&rft.aufirst=Kimberly&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+and+Coastal+Fisheries%3A+Dynamics%2C+Management%2C+and+Ecosystem+Science&rft.issn=19425120&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F15427951.2010.558402 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Stomach content; Trawling; Upwelling; Marine mammals; Ecological distribution; Habitat; Nutrition; Coastal zone management; Eumetopias jubatus; Pleurogrammus monopterygius; Scomber; INE, USA, Alaska, Aleutian Is., Rat Is., Amchitka I.; IN, USA, Alaska, Aleutian Is.; INE, USA, Alaska, Aleutian Is., Seguam Pass; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15427951.2010.558402 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seasonal, Small-Scale Distribution of Atka Mackerel in the Aleutian Islands, Alaska, with Respect to Reproduction AN - 902357983; 15762770 AB - We investigated the spatial distribution of Atka mackerel Pleurogrammus monopterygius with respect to maturity stage at Seguam Pass in the Aleutian Islands as well as their spawning locations within trawlable areas at three small-scale (10-20-nautical mile or 18.5-37.0-km) sites. Histological methods were used to determine maturity stages, and male maturity stages are described for the first time. Spawning areas were identified by catch per unit effort of demersal egg masses. At Seguam Pass, spawning was concentrated in the area adjacent to the east side of Amlia Island and between Amlia and Seguam islands. The observed spatial segregation of Atka mackerel by sex and maturity stage appears to interact with the boundaries of the trawl exclusion zone (TEZ) at Seguam Pass. During spawning, mature fish aggregate inside the closed area and immature fish and nonreproductively active mature males aggregate outside the TEZ in the area open to fishing. This increased the commercial catch selectivity of nonreproductively active males and immature fish during the September fishery. The spawning areas observed at Seguam and Tanaga passes and near Amchitka Island were within TEZs, which may serve as de facto marine protected areas for spawning Atka mackerel. JF - Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science AU - Cooper, Daniel AU - McDermott, Susanne AD - National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, 7600 Sand Point Way Northeast, Seattle, Washington 98115, USA, dan.cooper@noaa.gov Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 10 EP - 20 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Bethesda MD 20814-2199 United States VL - 3 IS - 1 SN - 1942-5120, 1942-5120 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Marine KW - catches KW - Pleurogrammus monopterygius KW - maturity KW - marine protected areas KW - coastal fisheries KW - Spawning KW - spawning KW - INE, USA, Alaska, Aleutian Is., Seguam Pass KW - INE, USA, Alaska, Aleutian Is., Rat Is., Amchitka I. KW - Marine fish KW - Islands KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Fishery management KW - IN, USA, Alaska, Aleutian Is. KW - Fish physiology KW - Scomber KW - Nature conservation KW - Marine parks KW - Fish KW - Reproduction KW - Seasonal variations KW - Environment management KW - O 5080:Legal/Governmental KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/902357983?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+and+Coastal+Fisheries%3A+Dynamics%2C+Management%2C+and+Ecosystem+Science&rft.atitle=Seasonal%2C+Small-Scale+Distribution+of+Atka+Mackerel+in+the+Aleutian+Islands%2C+Alaska%2C+with+Respect+to+Reproduction&rft.au=Cooper%2C+Daniel%3BMcDermott%2C+Susanne&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+and+Coastal+Fisheries%3A+Dynamics%2C+Management%2C+and+Ecosystem+Science&rft.issn=19425120&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F19425120.2010.549047 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Fishery management; Fish physiology; Marine parks; Nature conservation; Reproduction; Spawning; Environment management; catches; Sulfur dioxide; maturity; Islands; marine protected areas; Fish; coastal fisheries; Seasonal variations; spawning; Pleurogrammus monopterygius; Scomber; INE, USA, Alaska, Aleutian Is., Rat Is., Amchitka I.; IN, USA, Alaska, Aleutian Is.; INE, USA, Alaska, Aleutian Is., Seguam Pass; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19425120.2010.549047 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inferred Paternity and Male Reproductive Success in a Killer Whale (Orcinus orca) Population AN - 902357550; 15568262 AB - We used data from 78 individuals at 26 microsatellite loci to infer parental and sibling relationships within a community of fish-eating ("resident") eastern North Pacific killer whales (Orcinus orca). Paternity analysis involving 15 mother/calf pairs and 8 potential fathers and whole-pedigree analysis of the entire sample produced consistent results. The variance in male reproductive success was greater than expected by chance and similar to that of other aquatic mammals. Although the number of confirmed paternities was small, reproductive success appeared to increase with male age and size. We found no evidence that males from outside this small population sired any of the sampled individuals. In contrast to previous results in a different population, many offspring were the result of matings within the same "pod" (long-term social group). Despite this pattern of breeding within social groups, we found no evidence of offspring produced by matings between close relatives, and the average internal relatedness of individuals was significantly less than expected if mating were random. The population's estimated effective size was <30 or about 1/3 of the current census size. Patterns of allele frequency variation were consistent with a population bottleneck. JF - Journal of Heredity AU - Ford, Michael J AU - Hanson, MBradley AU - Hempelmann, Jennifer A AU - Ayres, Katherine L AU - Emmons, Candice K AU - Schorr, Gregory S AU - Baird, Robin W AU - Balcomb, Kenneth C AU - Wasser, Samuel K AU - Parsons, Kim M AU - Balcomb-Bartok, Kelly Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 537 EP - 553 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 102 IS - 5 SN - 0022-1503, 0022-1503 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Age KW - Allelles KW - Males KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Mating KW - Population genetics KW - Genetics KW - IN, North Pacific KW - Breeding KW - Siblings KW - Reproductive behaviour KW - Marine KW - Data processing KW - Population bottleneck KW - Paternity KW - Microsatellites KW - Orcinus orca KW - Marine mammals KW - DNA KW - Progeny KW - Census KW - Gene frequency KW - Cetacea KW - Breeding success KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Y 25020:Territory, Reproduction and Sociality KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - G 07870:Mammals KW - Q1 08374:Reproduction and development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/902357550?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Heredity&rft.atitle=Inferred+Paternity+and+Male+Reproductive+Success+in+a+Killer+Whale+%28Orcinus+orca%29+Population&rft.au=Ford%2C+Michael+J%3BHanson%2C+MBradley%3BHempelmann%2C+Jennifer+A%3BAyres%2C+Katherine+L%3BEmmons%2C+Candice+K%3BSchorr%2C+Gregory+S%3BBaird%2C+Robin+W%3BBalcomb%2C+Kenneth+C%3BWasser%2C+Samuel+K%3BParsons%2C+Kim+M%3BBalcomb-Bartok%2C+Kelly&rft.aulast=Ford&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=537&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Heredity&rft.issn=00221503&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fjhered%2Fesr067 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genetics; Population genetics; Allelles; Nucleotide sequence; Males; Marine mammals; DNA; Reproductive behaviour; Breeding success; Mating; Age; Data processing; Breeding; Population bottleneck; Paternity; Microsatellites; Gene frequency; Siblings; Census; Progeny; Orcinus orca; Cetacea; IN, North Pacific; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esr067 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxin profile change in vegetative cells and pellicle cysts of Alexandrium fundyense after gut passage in the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica AN - 899161550; 15792576 AB - Vegetative cells and pellicle cysts of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium fundyense Balech were fed to the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica Gmelin under controlled conditions. Para-lytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) were measured in vegetative cells and pellicle cysts prior to feeding and directly after passage through the oyster alimentary canal and defecation as intact cells. Oysters fed with vegetative cells and those fed with pellicle cysts accumulated toxins. One experimental treatment tested for direct uptake of toxins from the water (oysters and A. fundyense cells were separated by a screen); PSTs were not accumulated from the water by the oysters. There were no significant changes in total, per-cell toxicity after passage through the oyster alimentary canal, suggesting limited transfer of toxins from intact cells to the oysters. However, there were statistically significant changes in the toxin composition of cells following gut passage. Vegetative cells and pellicle cysts from feces had increased amounts of saxitoxin (STX) and decreased amounts of gonyautoxin 4 (GTX4) per cell, compared to amounts prior to gut passage. Following gut passage, pellicle cysts showed better survival in the feces than vegetative cells, which is consistent with the view of pellicle-cyst formation as a -successful survival strategy against adverse conditions. JF - Aquatic Biology AU - Smith, Barry C AU - Persson, Agneta AU - Selander, Erik AU - Wikfors, Gary H AU - Alix, Jennifer AD - Milford Laboratory, Northeast Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, Milford, Connecticut 06460, USA, barry.smithnoaa.gov Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 193 EP - 201 PB - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 1864-7782, 1864-7782 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Alexandrium fundyense KW - Crassostrea virginica KW - Dinoflagellate KW - Toxin KW - PST KW - Pellicle cyst KW - Cell survival KW - Toxicants KW - Statistical analysis KW - Hydrobiology KW - Phytoplankton KW - Vegetative cells KW - Saxitoxin KW - Dinoflagellates KW - Feces KW - Marine KW - Feeding KW - Defecation KW - Pellicle KW - gonyautoxin KW - Animal physiology KW - Toxicity KW - Cysts KW - Toxins KW - Canals KW - Digestive tract KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Controlled conditions KW - Marine molluscs KW - Defaecation KW - X 24370:Natural Toxins KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/899161550?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Biology&rft.atitle=Toxin+profile+change+in+vegetative+cells+and+pellicle+cysts+of+Alexandrium+fundyense+after+gut+passage+in+the+eastern+oyster+Crassostrea+virginica&rft.au=Smith%2C+Barry+C%3BPersson%2C+Agneta%3BSelander%2C+Erik%3BWikfors%2C+Gary+H%3BAlix%2C+Jennifer&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Barry&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Biology&rft.issn=18647782&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fab00362 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioaccumulation; Toxicants; Phytoplankton; Hydrobiology; Marine molluscs; Animal physiology; Toxicity; Cysts; Defaecation; Cell survival; Feeding; Defecation; Statistical analysis; gonyautoxin; Pellicle; Vegetative cells; Toxins; Canals; Digestive tract; Dinoflagellates; Saxitoxin; Controlled conditions; Feces; Alexandrium fundyense; Crassostrea virginica; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/ab00362 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The meteorological nature of variable soluble iron transport and deposition within the North Atlantic Ocean basin AN - 898201084; 2011-087228 AB - Aerosol transport from the Sahara desert to the North Atlantic Ocean generates the largest annual flux of mineral dust and total Fe found in the global oceans, enriching the mixed layer with soluble iron. We use the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Global Chemical Transport model to examine the transport and deposition of bioavailable iron on time scales ranging from seasonal to daily. The model is compared with observed mineral dust concentrations, depositions, and soluble Fe fractions. It is shown that simulated cumulative soluble Fe deposition (SFeD) employing a variable Fe solubility parameterization compares well with observed short-term changes of dissolved iron within a thermally stratified surface mixed layer, while assuming a constant 2% solubility does not. The largest year-to-year variability of seasonal SFeD (45 to 90%) occurs throughout winter and spring in the central and northeast Atlantic Ocean. It is strongly linked to the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index, producing substantially more SFeD during the positive phase than the negative phase. The ratio of wet to total SFeD increases with distance from the Saharan source region and is especially large when concentrations are small during the negative NAO. In summer, the relatively steady circulation around the Azores high results in low interannual variability of SFeD (<30%); however, regional short-term events are found to be highly episodic, and daily deposition rates can be a factor of 4 or more higher than the monthly mean flux. Three-dimensional backward trajectories are used to determine the origin and evolution of a specific SFeD event. We show that the dust mass-mean sedimentation rate should be incorporated into the air parcel dynamical vertical velocity for a more precise transport path. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Moxim, Walter J AU - Fan, Song-Miao AU - Levy, Hiram, II Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation D03203 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 116 IS - D3 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - North Atlantic Oscillation KW - sea water KW - ecosystems KW - solution KW - iron KW - transport KW - mixing KW - sediments KW - velocity KW - meteorology KW - concentration KW - three-dimensional models KW - clastic sediments KW - biochemistry KW - sedimentation KW - solubility KW - nutrients KW - deposition KW - atmospheric transport KW - metals KW - dust KW - Africa KW - aerosols KW - seasonal variations KW - wind transport KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/898201084?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=The+meteorological+nature+of+variable+soluble+iron+transport+and+deposition+within+the+North+Atlantic+Ocean+basin&rft.au=Moxim%2C+Walter+J%3BFan%2C+Song-Miao%3BLevy%2C+Hiram%2C+II&rft.aulast=Moxim&rft.aufirst=Walter&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=D3&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010JD014709 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 96 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; Africa; Atlantic Ocean; atmospheric transport; biochemistry; clastic sediments; concentration; deposition; dust; ecosystems; iron; metals; meteorology; mixing; North Atlantic; North Atlantic Oscillation; nutrients; sea water; seasonal variations; sedimentation; sediments; solubility; solution; three-dimensional models; transport; velocity; wind transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JD014709 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of the mosquito control insecticide phenothrin to three life stages of the grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio) AN - 888100868; 15025786 AB - Phenothrin is a synthetic pyrethroid used as a contact insecticide in mosquito control programs. This study compared the toxicity of phenothrin to adult, larval and embryonic grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio) and examined oxidative stress responses in adult and larval grass shrimp. The adult 24-h LC50 was 0.341 Delta *mg/L (95 % confidence intervals 0.282-0.412) and the 96-h LC50 was 0.161 Delta *mg/L (95 % CI 0.128-0.203 Delta *mg/L). The larval 24-h LC50 was 0.50 Delta *mg/L (95 % CI 0.441-0.568) and the 96-h LC50 was 0.154 Delta *mg/L (95 % CI 0.139-0.170 Delta *mg/L). In the presence of sediment, the 24-h LC50 was 6.30 Delta *mg/L (95 % CI 5.00-7.44 Delta *mg/L) for adults and 0.771 Delta *mg/L (95 % CI 0.630-0.944) for larvae. The sublethal biomarkers glutathione and lipid peroxidase (LPx) were examined after 96-h phenothrin exposure at five concentrations, and there were no statistically significant differences in these levels in adults or larvae compared to controls. There was a significant downward trend in larval LPx levels. This research confirms that phenothrin is highly toxic to grass shrimp and suggests that both adult and larval grass shrimp are appropriate life stages for risk assessments. JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B: Pesticides, Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes AU - Key, Peter B AU - Chung, Katy W AU - Hoguet, Jennifer AU - Sapozhnikova, Yelena AU - Delorenzo, Marie E AD - Center for Coastal Environmental Health and Biomolecular Research, National Ocean Service, Charleston, South Carolina, USA Y1 - 2011///0, PY - 2011 DA - 0, 2011 PB - Taylor & Francis Group Ltd., 2 Park Square Oxford OX14 4RN UK SN - 0360-1234, 0360-1234 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Palaemonetes pugio KW - Grasses KW - Glutathione KW - Lipids KW - Peroxidase KW - Statistical analysis KW - Insecticides KW - Oxidative stress KW - Embryos KW - Pyrethroids KW - Bioindicators KW - Control programs KW - Agricultural wastes KW - Larvae KW - Developmental stages KW - Culicidae KW - Toxicity KW - Food contamination KW - biomarkers KW - Lipid peroxidation KW - Sediments KW - Pesticides KW - Z 05350:Medical, Veterinary, and Agricultural Entomology KW - R2 23050:Environment KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/888100868?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Reconciling+stock+assessment+and+management+scales+under+conditions+of+spatially+varying+catch+histories&rft.au=Cope%2C+Jason+M%3BPunt%2C+Andre+E&rft.aulast=Cope&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=22&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=01657836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fishres.2010.10.002 L2 - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~db=all~content=a937970208~frm=titlelink LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Glutathione; Agricultural wastes; Control programs; Peroxidase; Statistical analysis; Developmental stages; Toxicity; Food contamination; biomarkers; Sediments; Lipid peroxidation; Insecticides; Oxidative stress; Pesticides; Embryos; Pyrethroids; Bioindicators; Grasses; Lipids; Larvae; Palaemonetes pugio; Culicidae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03601234.2011.572519 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multidecadal variability of the North Brazil Current and its connection to the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation AN - 884419764; 2011-070738 AB - The North Brazil Current (NBC) connects the North and South Atlantic and is the major pathway for the surface return flow of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC). Here, we calculate the NBC geostrophic transport time series based on 5 decades of observations near the western boundary off the coast of Brazil. Results reveal a multidecadal NBC variability that lags Labrador Sea deep convection by a few years. The NBC transport time series is coherent with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation in sea surface temperature, which also has been widely linked to AMOC fluctuations in previous modeling studies. Our results thus suggest that the observed multidecadal NBC transport variability is a useful indicator for AMOC variations. The suggested connection between the NBC and AMOC is assessed in a 700 year control simulation of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory's CM2.1 coupled climate model. The model results are in agreement with observations and further demonstrate that the variability of NBC transport is a good index for tracking AMOC variations. Concerning the debate about whether a slowdown of AMOC has already occurred under global warming, the observed NBC transport time series suggests strong multidecadal variability but no significant trend. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Zhang, Dongxiao AU - Msadek, Rym AU - McPhaden, Michael J AU - Delworth, Tom Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation C04012 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 116 IS - C4 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - tropical environment KW - North Atlantic Oscillation KW - currents KW - decadal variations KW - ocean circulation KW - Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation KW - sea water KW - Labrador Sea KW - sea surface water KW - global change KW - ocean currents KW - South America KW - transport KW - Brazil KW - climate effects KW - South Atlantic KW - North Atlantic KW - North Brazil Current KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - global warming KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/884419764?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Interactions+between+sea+turtles+and+dredge+gear+in+the+U.S.+sea+scallop+%28Placopecten+magellanicus%29+fishery%2C+2001-2008&rft.au=Murray%2C+Kimberly+T&rft.aulast=Murray&rft.aufirst=Kimberly&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=01657836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fishres.2010.10.017 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGREA2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation; Atlantic Ocean; Brazil; climate effects; currents; decadal variations; global change; global warming; Labrador Sea; North Atlantic; North Atlantic Oscillation; North Brazil Current; ocean circulation; ocean currents; sea surface water; sea water; South America; South Atlantic; transport; tropical environment DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JC006812 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Underwater components of humpback whale bubble-net feeding behaviour AN - 883033014; 15356483 AB - Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) employ a unique and complex foraging behaviour -- bubble-netting -- that involves expelling air underwater to form a vertical cylinder-ring of bubbles around prey. We used digital suction cup tags (DTAGs) that concurrently measure pitch, roll, heading, depth and sound (96 kHz sampling rate), to provide the first depiction of the underwater behaviours in which humpback whales engage during bubble-net feeding. Body mechanics and swim paths were analysed using custom visualization software that animates the underwater track of the whale and quantifies tag sensor values. Bubble production was identified aurally and through spectrographic analysis of tag audio records. We identified two classes of behaviour (upward-spiral; 6 animals, 118 events and double-loop; 3 animals, 182 events) that whales used to create bubble nets. Specifically, we show the actual swim path of the whales (e.g., number of revolutions, turning rate, depth interval of spiral), when and where in the process bubbles were expelled and the pattern of bubble expulsion used by the animals. Relative to other baleanopterids, bubble-netting humpbacks demonstrate increased manoeuvrability probably aided by a unique hydrodynamicly enhanced body form. We identified an approximately 20 m depth or depth interval limit to the use of bubble nets and suggest that this limit is due to the physics of bubble dispersal to which humpback whales have behaviourally adapted. All animals were feeding with at least one untagged animal and we use our data to speculate that reciprocity or by-product mutualism best explain coordinated feeding behaviour in humpbacks. JF - Behaviour AU - Wiley, D AU - Ware, C AU - Bocconcelli, A AU - Cholewiak, D AU - Friedlaender, A AU - Thompson, M AU - Weinrich, M AD - Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary, NOAA National Ocean Service, 175 Edward Foster Road, Scituate, MA 02066, USA, David.Wiley@noaa.gov Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 575 EP - 602 VL - 148 IS - 5-6 SN - 0005-7959, 0005-7959 KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Animal Behavior Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Food organisms KW - Foraging behavior KW - Data processing KW - Symbiosis KW - Sensors KW - Byproducts KW - Megaptera novaeangliae KW - Nets KW - Computer programs KW - Tags KW - Foraging behaviour KW - software KW - Feeding behaviour KW - Marine mammals KW - Mutualism KW - Sound KW - Sampling KW - Dispersal KW - Feeding behavior KW - Prey KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - Y 25030:Foraging and Ingestion UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/883033014?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Behaviour&rft.atitle=Underwater+components+of+humpback+whale+bubble-net+feeding+behaviour&rft.au=Wiley%2C+D%3BWare%2C+C%3BBocconcelli%2C+A%3BCholewiak%2C+D%3BFriedlaender%2C+A%3BThompson%2C+M%3BWeinrich%2C+M&rft.aulast=Wiley&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=148&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=34&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fishery+Bulletin&rft.issn=00900656&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Food organisms; Foraging behaviour; Tags; Symbiosis; Sensors; Feeding behaviour; Marine mammals; Byproducts; Computer programs; Foraging behavior; software; Data processing; Sound; Mutualism; Dispersal; Sampling; Feeding behavior; Prey; Nets; Megaptera novaeangliae; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/000579511X570893 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental Impact of Changes in Production Strategies in Tropical Mexico AN - 881466576; 2011-104754 AB - This paper examines how traditional multicropping milpa systems have been abandoned in a locality in southeast Veracruz. In a relatively short period of time, the economic and social fabric that allowed the people of Soteapan to maintain these production strategies was seriously disrupted. In addition, economic forces undermined the capacity of the time-honored milpa production systems to provide food security and improve household livelihoods. Trade liberalization intensified price reductions of the most important crops while support for agriculture through public policies was curtailed. A direct consequence is the weakening and abandonment of milpa systems with important negative environmental effects. Because agro-biodiversity is a critical component of sustainable agriculture, new policies are needed to recover the capacity to guarantee food security and to continue to provide important environmental services. Adapted from the source document. JF - Journal of Sustainable Agriculture AU - Nadal, Alejandro AU - Rano, Hugo Garcia AD - Center For Economic Studies, El Colegio de Mexico, Camino al Ajusco 20, Mexico D.F. 01000, Mexico E-mail: anadal@colmex.mx Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - January 2011 SP - 180 EP - 207 PB - Taylor & Francis, Philadelphia PA VL - 35 IS - 1-2 SN - 1044-0046, 1044-0046 KW - Manufacturing and heavy industry - Industrial management, production, and productivity KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic theory KW - Health conditions and policy - Food and nutrition KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions KW - Agriculture and agricultural policy - Crop management and agricultural production KW - Politics - Politics and policy-making KW - Population groups, population policy, and demographics - Demography and census KW - Trade and trade policy - Export-import trade KW - Business and service sector - Business finance KW - sustainable agriculture, agricultural policy, migration, traditional agriculture, household livelihoods, biosphere reserve area, Tropical Mexico KW - Agriculture KW - Trade liberalization KW - Mexico KW - Prices KW - Households KW - Production KW - Economics KW - Food security KW - Public policy KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/881466576?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Sustainable+Agriculture&rft.atitle=Environmental+Impact+of+Changes+in+Production+Strategies+in+Tropical+Mexico&rft.au=Nadal%2C+Alejandro%3BRano%2C+Hugo+Garcia&rft.aulast=Nadal&rft.aufirst=Alejandro&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=194&rft.issue=&rft.spage=503&rft.isbn=9781118666678&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010GM001008 LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2011-08-04 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - JSAGEB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Production; Economics; Food security; Agriculture; Mexico; Public policy; Households; Trade liberalization; Prices DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10440046.2011.539132 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intraseasonal variability in barrier layer thickness in the south central Bay of Bengal AN - 881458115; 2011-066056 AB - Time series measurements of temperature and salinity recorded at 8 degrees N, 90 degrees E in the south central Bay of Bengal from a Research Moored Array for African-Asian-Australian Monsoon Analysis and Prediction buoy, along with satellite altimetry and scatterometer data, are utilized to describe the seasonal and intraseasonal variability of barrier layer thickness (BLT) during November 2006 to April 2009. The BLT shows strong seasonality with climatological minima during both March-May and August-September and maxima during December-February. Large-amplitude, intraseasonal fluctuations in BLT are observed during September 2007 to May 2008 and during September 2008 to April 2009. The observed intraseasonal variability in BLT is mainly controlled by the vertical movement of isothermal layer depth (ILD) in the presence of a shallow mixed layer. Further, the analysis shows that both ILD and BLT are modulated by vertical stretching of the upper water column associated with westward propagating intraseasonal Rossby waves in the southern bay. These waves are remotely forced by intraseasonal surface winds in the equatorial Indian Ocean. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Girishkumar, M S AU - Ravichandran, M AU - McPhaden, M J AU - Rao, R R Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation C03009 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 116 IS - C3 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - time series analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - altimetry KW - salinity KW - satellite methods KW - temperature KW - measurement KW - thermohaline circulation KW - Indian Ocean KW - Bay of Bengal KW - mixing KW - thickness KW - seasonal variations KW - bathymetry KW - remote sensing KW - boundary layer KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/881458115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Intraseasonal+variability+in+barrier+layer+thickness+in+the+south+central+Bay+of+Bengal&rft.au=Girishkumar%2C+M+S%3BRavichandran%2C+M%3BMcPhaden%2C+M+J%3BRao%2C+R+R&rft.aulast=Girishkumar&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=C3&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010JC006657 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 54 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - altimetry; bathymetry; Bay of Bengal; boundary layer; Indian Ocean; measurement; mixing; remote sensing; salinity; satellite methods; seasonal variations; statistical analysis; temperature; thermohaline circulation; thickness; time series analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JC006657 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interannual to decadal changes in the western South Atlantic's surface circulation AN - 881451791; 2011-063924 AB - A combination of surface drifters and altimetry is used to analyze the seasonal to interannual variability of the surface velocity field in the Brazil-Malvinas confluence of the western South Atlantic Ocean. Longer-term changes are inferred from wind and sea surface temperature fields. During the period October 1992 to December 2007, a southward shift of -0.6 to -0.9 degrees decade (super -1) is found in the confluence latitude of the Brazil and Malvinas currents. A comparable trend is found in the latitude of the maximum wind stress curl averaged across the South Atlantic basin, allowing a proxy for the confluence latitude to be calculated for the prealtimeter time period. This longer time series suggests that the recent trend may be part of a longer-term oscillation, which has returned to values last sustained in the early 1980s. This variation does not appear to be related to the multidecadal trend in the Southern Annular Mode, but instead is inversely related to long-term variations in the sea surface temperature anomaly in the Agulhas-Benguela pathway of the eastern South Atlantic subtropical basin. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Lumpkin, Rick AU - Garzoli, Silvia Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation C01014 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 116 IS - C1 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - currents KW - decadal variations KW - ocean circulation KW - sea water KW - sea surface water KW - Brazil-Malvinas confluence KW - altimetry KW - satellite methods KW - confluence KW - ocean currents KW - Agulhas-Benguela Current KW - Southern Annular Mode KW - velocity KW - South Atlantic KW - seasonal variations KW - sea-surface temperature KW - winds KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - TOPEX/POSEIDON KW - remote sensing KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/881451791?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Interannual+to+decadal+changes+in+the+western+South+Atlantic%27s+surface+circulation&rft.au=Lumpkin%2C+Rick%3BGarzoli%2C+Silvia&rft.aulast=Lumpkin&rft.aufirst=Rick&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=C1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010JC006285 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agulhas-Benguela Current; altimetry; Atlantic Ocean; Brazil-Malvinas confluence; confluence; currents; decadal variations; ocean circulation; ocean currents; remote sensing; satellite methods; sea surface water; sea water; sea-surface temperature; seasonal variations; South Atlantic; Southern Annular Mode; TOPEX/POSEIDON; velocity; winds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JC006285 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temporal and spatial dynamics of CO (sub 2) air-sea flux in the Gulf of Maine AN - 881451781; 2011-063922 AB - Ocean surface layer carbon dioxide (CO (sub 2) ) data collected in the Gulf of Maine from 2004 to 2008 are presented. Monthly shipboard observations are combined with additional higher-resolution CO (sub 2) observations to characterize CO (sub 2) fugacity (fCO (sub 2) ) and CO (sub 2) flux over hourly to interannual time scales. Observed fCO (sub 2) and CO (sub 2) flux dynamics are dominated by a seasonal cycle, with a large spring influx of CO (sub 2) and a fall-to-winter efflux back to the atmosphere. The temporal results at inner, middle, and outer shelf locations are highly correlated, and observed spatial variability is generally small relative to the monthly to seasonal temporal changes. The averaged annual flux is in near balance and is a net source of carbon to the atmosphere over 5 years, with a value of +0.38 mol m (super -2) yr (super -1) . However, moderate interannual variation is also observed, where years 2005 and 2007 represent cases of regional source (+0.71) and sink (-0.11) anomalies. We use moored daily CO (sub 2) measurements to quantify aliasing due to temporal undersampling, an important error budget term that is typically unresolved. The uncertainty of our derived annual flux measurement is + or -0.26 mol m (super -2) yr (super -1) and is dominated by this aliasing term. Comparison of results to the neighboring Middle and South Atlantic Bight coastal shelf systems indicates that the Gulf of Maine exhibits a similar annual cycle and range of oceanic fCO (sub 2) magnitude but differs in the seasonal phase. It also differs by enhanced fCO (sub 2) controls by factors other than temperature-driven solubility, including biological drawdown, fall-to-winter vertical mixing, and river runoff. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Vandemark, D AU - Salisbury, J E AU - Hunt, C W AU - Shellito, S M AU - Irish, J D AU - McGillis, W R AU - Sabine, C L AU - Maenner, S M Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation C01012 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 116 IS - C1 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - cycles KW - stream transport KW - longshore currents KW - air-sea interface KW - fugacity KW - carbon dioxide KW - transport KW - dynamics KW - mixing KW - mass balance KW - diurnal variations KW - discharge KW - currents KW - monthly variations KW - annual variations KW - statistical analysis KW - atmosphere KW - solubility KW - ocean currents KW - measurement KW - biogenic processes KW - runoff KW - coastal environment KW - seasonal variations KW - North Atlantic KW - Gulf of Maine KW - winds KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/881451781?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Temporal+and+spatial+dynamics+of+CO+%28sub+2%29+air-sea+flux+in+the+Gulf+of+Maine&rft.au=Vandemark%2C+D%3BSalisbury%2C+J+E%3BHunt%2C+C+W%3BShellito%2C+S+M%3BIrish%2C+J+D%3BMcGillis%2C+W+R%3BSabine%2C+C+L%3BMaenner%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Vandemark&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=C1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010JC006408 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air-sea interface; annual variations; Atlantic Ocean; atmosphere; biogenic processes; carbon dioxide; coastal environment; currents; cycles; discharge; diurnal variations; dynamics; fugacity; Gulf of Maine; longshore currents; mass balance; measurement; mixing; monthly variations; North Atlantic; ocean currents; runoff; seasonal variations; solubility; statistical analysis; stream transport; transport; winds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JC006408 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Summer blooms of diatom-diazotroph assemblages and surface chlorophyll in the North Pacific gyre; a disconnect AN - 881450688; 2011-066048 AB - The discovery of large summer chlorophyll blooms in oligotrophic regions of the ocean has led to questions about the relationship between these blooms and the frequently cooccurring outburst of nitrogen-fixing phytoplankton. We compared diatom-diazotroph assemblage (DDA) abundance to size-fractionated chlorophyll (chl) and satellite ocean color chlorophyll estimates to evaluate how DDAs affected ocean color estimates in the eastern and central North Pacific gyre at 28-30 degrees N. DDA blooms were dominated by either Hemiaulus hauckii (in the central Pacific in 2003 and the eastern Pacific in 2002) or by Rhizosolenia (eastern Pacific in 2002), both with nitrogen-fixing Richelia symbionts. The 2002 DDA bloom was measured a week prior to the development of a satellite-observed chlorophyll bloom at the same location. In contrast, the 2003 Hemiaulus bloom was not within a clearly defined satellite feature. Although DDA abundance increased 10 (super 4) -10 (super 5) -fold relative to the background and they dominated the net plankton (> or =5 mu m or >10 mu m chl size) fraction, the in situ chl (maximum < or =0.11 mg m (super -3) ) never reached the 0.15 mg m (super -3) threshold used to define satellite-observed chlorophyll blooms in oligotrophic waters. The DDA blooms were not evident in the in situ fluorometer data; however, the blooms occurred within high beam attenuation features observed in the transmissometer data. Trichodesmium was not a component of either diatom bloom although elevated levels of Trichodesmium were observed at two stations where DDAs were not abundant. While DDA blooms and satellite ocean chlorophyll blooms are sometimes coincident, our data do not support that DDAs are the sole source of the satellite-observed chlorophyll in summertime blooms. DDA blooms are likely underreported in the North Pacific, particularly in the waters west of Hawaii, due to their frequent lack of distinctive ocean color, fluorescence, and chlorophyll signatures. The source of the ocean color signature in the blooms remains elusive, but scattered literature observations suggest that cooccurring members of the near-surface flora such as the small pennate diatom Mastogloia may play an important role. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Villareal, Tracy A AU - Adornato, Lori AU - Wilson, Cara AU - Schoenbaechler, Caimee A Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation C03001 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 116 IS - C3 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - United States KW - sea water KW - phytoplankton KW - plankton KW - algae KW - nitrogen KW - symbiosis KW - diatoms KW - porphyrins KW - productivity KW - Plantae KW - ocean circulation KW - assemblages KW - pigments KW - geophysical methods KW - Hawaii KW - East Pacific Ocean Islands KW - satellite methods KW - chlorophyll KW - organic compounds KW - North Pacific KW - color KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Oceania KW - Polynesia KW - remote sensing KW - algal blooms KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/881450688?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Summer+blooms+of+diatom-diazotroph+assemblages+and+surface+chlorophyll+in+the+North+Pacific+gyre%3B+a+disconnect&rft.au=Villareal%2C+Tracy+A%3BAdornato%2C+Lori%3BWilson%2C+Cara%3BSchoenbaechler%2C+Caimee+A&rft.aulast=Villareal&rft.aufirst=Tracy&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=C3&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010JC006268 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; algal blooms; assemblages; chlorophyll; color; diatoms; East Pacific Ocean Islands; geophysical methods; Hawaii; nitrogen; North Pacific; ocean circulation; Oceania; organic compounds; Pacific Ocean; phytoplankton; pigments; plankton; Plantae; Polynesia; porphyrins; productivity; remote sensing; satellite methods; sea water; symbiosis; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JC006268 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Upper ocean response to Typhoon Choi-Wan as measured by the Kuroshio Extension Observatory mooring AN - 877847327; 2011-058737 AB - The Kuroshio Extension Observatory (KEO) is a highly instrumented moored reference station located at 32.3 degrees N, 144.5 degrees E in the recirculation gyre south of the Kuroshio Extension. On 19 September 2009, the eye of Typhoon Choi-Wan (International designation: 0914) passed approximately 40 km to the southeast of the KEO surface mooring. Hourly meteorological and physical oceanographic measurements together with 3 hourly air-sea carbon dioxide observations telemetered from KEO in near real time show the evolution of the upper ocean and its associated air-sea fluxes during the passage of this storm and its aftermath. During the approach of the storm, the mixed layer freshened because of intense rainfall. This was followed by a large outgassing of CO (sub 2) , rapid cooling, and an increase in salinity. Although these changes in mixed layer properties imply substantial entrainment, they were accompanied by upwelling and ultimately a temporary approximately 20 m shoaling of the mixed layer. This upwelling, which was observed at all depths, including the deepest sensor near 500 m, was coincident with the onset of near-inertial oscillations in the mixed layer currents. After the typhoon passed, inertial pumping caused approximately 15-20 m amplitude vertical displacements throughout the top 500 m that continued for at least 6 days. A large oceanic response was observed in this case even though the eye of Choi-Wan passed to the right of KEO, resulting in winds rotating cyclonically with time, in opposition to the anticyclonic-rotating near-inertial currents. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Bond, Nicholas A AU - Cronin, Meghan F AU - Sabine, Christopher AU - Kawai, Yoshimi AU - Ichikawa, Hiroshi AU - Freitag, Paul AU - Ronnholm, Keith Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation C02031 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 116 IS - C2 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - currents KW - upwelling KW - ocean circulation KW - sea water KW - anticyclones KW - sea surface water KW - Kuroshio Extension Observatory KW - fresh water KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - cyclones KW - Typhoon Choi-Wan KW - ocean currents KW - West Pacific KW - measurement KW - carbon dioxide KW - Kuroshio KW - North Pacific KW - tropical cyclones KW - Pacific Ocean KW - storms KW - Northwest Pacific KW - winds KW - rain KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/877847327?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Upper+ocean+response+to+Typhoon+Choi-Wan+as+measured+by+the+Kuroshio+Extension+Observatory+mooring&rft.au=Bond%2C+Nicholas+A%3BCronin%2C+Meghan+F%3BSabine%2C+Christopher%3BKawai%2C+Yoshimi%3BIchikawa%2C+Hiroshi%3BFreitag%2C+Paul%3BRonnholm%2C+Keith&rft.aulast=Bond&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=C2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010JC006548 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anticyclones; atmospheric precipitation; carbon dioxide; currents; cyclones; fresh water; Kuroshio; Kuroshio Extension Observatory; measurement; North Pacific; Northwest Pacific; ocean circulation; ocean currents; Pacific Ocean; rain; sea surface water; sea water; storms; tropical cyclones; Typhoon Choi-Wan; upwelling; West Pacific; winds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JC006548 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating gas transfer velocity parameterizations using upper ocean radon distributions AN - 877847272; 2011-058716 AB - Sea-air fluxes of gases are commonly calculated from the product of the gas transfer velocity (k) and the departure of the seawater concentration from atmospheric equilibrium. Gas transfer velocities, generally parameterized in terms of wind speed, continue to have considerable uncertainties, partly because of limited field data. Here we evaluate commonly used gas transfer parameterizations using a historical data set of (super 222) Rn measurements at 105 stations occupied on Eltanin cruises and the Geosecs program. We make this evaluation with wind speed estimates from meteorological reanalysis products (from National Centers for Environmental Prediction and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting) that were not available when the (super 22) Rn data were originally published. We calculate gas transfer velocities from the parameterizations by taking into account winds in the period prior to the date that (super 222) Rn profiles were sampled. Invoking prior wind speed histories leads to much better agreement than simply calculating parameterized gas transfer velocities from wind speeds on the day of sample collection. For individual samples from the Atlantic Ocean, where reanalyzed winds agree best with observations, three similar recent parameterizations give k values for individual stations with an rms difference of approximately 40% from values calculated using (super 222) Rn data. Agreement of basin averages is much better. For the global data set, the average difference between k constrained by (super 222) Rn and calculated from the various parameterizations ranges from -0.2 to +0.9 m/d (average, 2.9 m/d). Averaging over large domains, and working with gas data collected in recent years when reanalyzed winds are more accurate, will further decrease the uncertainties in sea-air fluxes. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Bender, Michael L AU - Kinter, Saul AU - Cassar, Nicolas AU - Wanninkhof, Rik Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation C02010 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 116 IS - C2 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - concentration KW - sea water KW - air-water interface KW - sea surface water KW - isotopes KW - atmosphere KW - radon KW - Rn-222 KW - measurement KW - gases KW - radioactive isotopes KW - noble gases KW - tracers KW - climate effects KW - velocity KW - world ocean KW - winds KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/877847272?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Evaluating+gas+transfer+velocity+parameterizations+using+upper+ocean+radon+distributions&rft.au=Bender%2C+Michael+L%3BKinter%2C+Saul%3BCassar%2C+Nicolas%3BWanninkhof%2C+Rik&rft.aulast=Bender&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=C2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.issn=08866236&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010GB003924 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air-water interface; atmosphere; climate effects; concentration; gases; isotopes; measurement; noble gases; radioactive isotopes; radon; Rn-222; sea surface water; sea water; tracers; velocity; winds; world ocean DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009JC005805 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A construction of pseudo salinity profiles for the global ocean; method and evaluation AN - 877843584; 2011-058708 AB - This study demonstrates a reconstruction of salinity profiles for the global ocean for the period 1993-2008. All available temperature-salinity (T-S) profiles from the Global Temperature-Salinity Profile Program and Argo data are divided into two subsets; one half is used for producing the vertical coupled T-S empirical orthogonal function (EOF) modes, and the other half is used for the verification. We employed a weighted least-squares method that minimizes the misfits between the predetermined EOF structures and independent observed temperature and altimetry data. Verification shows that the South Indian and North Atlantic oceans maintain good correlations to 900 m depth between the observed and reconstructed salinity with altimetry data. Meanwhile, the Pacific and Antarctic oceans below 500 m shows significant negative correlations which are associated with the relationship between steric height and salinity variability in these basins. In order to guarantee general agreement with observations for all ocean depths, we calculate a regional correlation index considering the impact of altimetry data and employ it for our final products. Except for the surface ocean, the pseudo salinity profiles show general improvements compared to the existing climatology and the reanalysis outputs from the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory's ensemble coupled data assimilation system. Near the surface layer, reanalysis outputs show a relatively high performance due to the coupling between the atmosphere and ocean. An assimilation system produces reliable surface flux variability not accounted for the construction of the global pseudo salinity profiles. These results encourage the application of the global pseudo salinity profiles into an assimilation system for the 20th century when the observed salinity data are sparse. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Chang, You-Soon AU - Rosati, Anthony AU - Zhang, Shaoqing Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation C02002 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 116 IS - C2 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - sea water KW - statistical analysis KW - altimetry KW - salinity KW - geodesy KW - empirical orthogonal functions KW - temperature KW - Indian Ocean KW - crosscorrelation KW - North Atlantic KW - world ocean KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/877843584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=A+construction+of+pseudo+salinity+profiles+for+the+global+ocean%3B+method+and+evaluation&rft.au=Chang%2C+You-Soon%3BRosati%2C+Anthony%3BZhang%2C+Shaoqing&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=You-Soon&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=C2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010JC006386 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - altimetry; Atlantic Ocean; crosscorrelation; empirical orthogonal functions; geodesy; Indian Ocean; North Atlantic; salinity; sea water; statistical analysis; temperature; world ocean DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JC006386 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sea surface imprints of coastal mountain lee waves imaged by synthetic aperture radar AN - 877843048; 2011-058720 AB - A group of mountain lee waves is observed on an Envisat advanced synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image on the lee side of Mountain Laoshan (1133 m) along the Yellow Sea coast of China. The lee waves are shown as alternating bright and dark patterns on the SAR image, indicating the ocean surface wind oscillation associated with the atmospheric wavefield. The horizontal wind variation between wave crest and trough is from 7 to 17 m/s. A Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer image acquired about 8.5 h prior to the SAR pass also showed the same group of standing lee waves. The cloud pattern matches the high-wind pattern in the SAR-derived wind image. The mesoscale Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is used to simulate the lee wave phenomenon. We run the triply nested grid model with the highest horizontal resolution of 1 km. The WRF model successfully captures the characteristics of the lee wave. The waves are generated by the terrain forcing and the wave-induced perturbation propagates very strongly upward to the 500 hPa level. The event lasts about 24 h. Based on the WRF model wind results, we run a radar imaging model to simulate the SAR observation. The normalized radar cross section (NRCS) variations induced by the lee wave are compared between the radar simulation and the actual SAR observation. Reasonable agreement is reached. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Li, Xiaofeng AU - Zheng, Weizhong AU - Yang, Xiaofeng AU - Li, Ziwei AU - Pichel, William G Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation C02014 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 116 IS - C2 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - Yellow Sea KW - Envisat KW - imagery KW - lee waves KW - radar methods KW - Laoshan Mountain KW - West Pacific KW - mountain lee waves KW - atmospheric circulation KW - SAR KW - North Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - ocean waves KW - coastal environment KW - propagation KW - Northwest Pacific KW - meteorology KW - winds KW - MODIS KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/877843048?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Sea+surface+imprints+of+coastal+mountain+lee+waves+imaged+by+synthetic+aperture+radar&rft.au=Li%2C+Xiaofeng%3BZheng%2C+Weizhong%3BYang%2C+Xiaofeng%3BLi%2C+Ziwei%3BPichel%2C+William+G&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Xiaofeng&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=C2&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010JC006643 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric circulation; coastal environment; Envisat; imagery; Laoshan Mountain; lee waves; meteorology; MODIS; mountain lee waves; North Pacific; Northwest Pacific; ocean waves; Pacific Ocean; propagation; radar methods; SAR; West Pacific; winds; Yellow Sea DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JC006643 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of the mosquito control insecticide phenothrin to three life stages of the grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio). AN - 868994576; 21614717 AB - Phenothrin is a synthetic pyrethroid used as a contact insecticide in mosquito control programs. This study compared the toxicity of phenothrin to adult, larval and embryonic grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio) and examined oxidative stress responses in adult and larval grass shrimp. The adult 24-h LC50 was 0.341 μg/L (95 % confidence intervals 0.282-0.412) and the 96-h LC50 was 0.161 μg/L (95 % CI 0.128-0.203 μg/L). The larval 24-h LC50 was 0.50 μg/L (95 % CI 0.441-0.568) and the 96-h LC50 was 0.154 μg/L (95 % CI 0.139-0.170 μg/L). In the presence of sediment, the 24-h LC50 was 6.30 μg/L (95 % CI 5.00-7.44 μg/L) for adults and 0.771 μg/L (95 % CI 0.630-0.944) for larvae. The sublethal biomarkers glutathione and lipid peroxidase (LPx) were examined after 96-h phenothrin exposure at five concentrations, and there were no statistically significant differences in these levels in adults or larvae compared to controls. There was a significant downward trend in larval LPx levels. This research confirms that phenothrin is highly toxic to grass shrimp and suggests that both adult and larval grass shrimp are appropriate life stages for risk assessments. JF - Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B, Pesticides, food contaminants, and agricultural wastes AU - Key, Peter B AU - Chung, Katy W AU - Hoguet, Jennifer AU - Sapozhnikova, Yelena AU - Delorenzo, Marie E AD - Center for Coastal Environmental Health and Biomolecular Research, National Ocean Service, Charleston, South Carolina, USA. pete.key@noaa.gov Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 426 EP - 431 VL - 46 IS - 5 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Pyrethrins KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - phenothrin KW - 707484X33X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mosquito Control -- instrumentation KW - Larva -- growth & development KW - Larva -- drug effects KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Pyrethrins -- toxicity KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Palaemonidae -- drug effects KW - Palaemonidae -- growth & development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/868994576?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+science+and+health.+Part.+B%2C+Pesticides%2C+food+contaminants%2C+and+agricultural+wastes&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+the+mosquito+control+insecticide+phenothrin+to+three+life+stages+of+the+grass+shrimp+%28Palaemonetes+pugio%29.&rft.au=Wang%2C+Jiahu%3BLi%2C+Li%3BHao%2C+Zhenchun%3BGourley%2C+Jonathan+J&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Jiahu&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=346&rft.issue=&rft.spage=198&rft.isbn=9781907161216&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IAHS-AISH+Publication&rft.issn=01447815&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2011-08-30 N1 - Date created - 2011-05-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10934529.2011.549409 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A VAD-Based Dealiasing Method for Radar Velocity Data Quality Control AN - 864962236; 14444959 AB - This paper describes a new velocity-azimuth display (VAD)-based dealiasing method developed for automated radar radial velocity data quality control to satisfy the high-quality standard and efficiency required by operational radar data assimilation. The method is built on an alias-robust velocity-azimuth display (AR-VAD) analysis. It upgrades and simplifies the previous three-step dealiasing method in three major aspects. First, the AR-VAD is used with sufficiently stringent threshold conditions in place of the original modified VAD for the preliminary reference check to produce alias-free seed data in the first step. Second, the AR-VAD is more accurate than the traditional VAD for the refined reference check in the original second step, so the original second step becomes unnecessary and is removed. Third, a block-to-point continuity check procedure is developed, in place of the point-to-point continuity check in the original third step, which serves to enhance the use of the available seed data in a properly enlarged block area around each flagged data point that is being checked with multiple threshold conditions to avoid false dealiasing. The new method has been tested extensively with aliased radial velocity data collected under various weather conditions, including hurricane high-wind conditions. The robustness of the new method is exemplified by the results tested with three cases. The limitations of the new method and possible improvements are discussed. JF - Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology AU - Xu, Qin AU - Nai, Kang AU - Wei, Li AU - Zhang, Pengfei AU - Liu, Shun AU - Parrish, David AD - NOAA/National Severe Storms Laboratory, Norman, OK 73072-7326, USA, qin.xu@noaa.gov Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - Jan 2011 SP - 50 EP - 62 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 28 IS - 1 SN - 0739-0572, 0739-0572 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Radars/radar observations KW - Data quality control KW - Data assimilation KW - Testing Procedures KW - Marine KW - Weather KW - Seeds KW - Velocity KW - Automation KW - Weather conditions KW - Methodology KW - Hurricanes KW - Quality control KW - Radar KW - Standards KW - Quality Control KW - M2 551.515.2:Cyclones Hurricanes Typhoons (551.515.2) KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/864962236?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Atmospheric+and+Oceanic+Technology&rft.atitle=A+VAD-Based+Dealiasing+Method+for+Radar+Velocity+Data+Quality+Control&rft.au=Xu%2C+Qin%3BNai%2C+Kang%3BWei%2C+Li%3BZhang%2C+Pengfei%3BLiu%2C+Shun%3BParrish%2C+David&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Qin&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=50&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Atmospheric+and+Oceanic+Technology&rft.issn=07390572&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JTECHA1444.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hurricanes; Seeds; Quality control; Methodology; Data quality control; Radar; Weather conditions; Data assimilation; Testing Procedures; Weather; Automation; Velocity; Standards; Quality Control; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JTECHA1444.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How low can you go? Impacts of a low-flow disturbance on aquatic insect communities AN - 864959560; 14690739 AB - The natural hydrology of streams and rivers is being extensively modified by human activities. Water diversion, dam construction, and climate change have the potential to increase the frequency and intensity of low-flow events. Flow is a dominant force structuring stream aquatic insect communities, but the impacts of water diversion are poorly understood. Here we report results of an experimental stream flow diversion designed to test how aquatic insect communities respond to a low-flow disturbance. We diverted 40% to 80% of the water in three replicate streams for three summers, leading to summer flow exceedance probabilities of up to 99.9%. Shifts in habitat availability appeared to be a major driver of aquatic insect community responses. Responses also varied by habitat type: total insect density decreased in riffle habitats, but there was no change in pool habitats. Overall, the total biomass of aquatic insects decreased sharply with lowered flow. Collector-filterers, collector-gatherers, and scrapers were especially susceptible, while predatory insects were more resistant. Despite extremely low flow levels, there was no shift in aquatic insect family richness. The experimental water withdrawal did not increase water temperature or decrease water quality, and some wetted habitat was always maintained, which likely prevented more severe impacts on aquatic insect communities. JF - Ecological Applications AU - Walters, A W AU - Post, D M AD - National Marine Fisheries Service, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, 2725 Montlake Boulevard East, Seattle, Washington 98112-2097 USA, annika.walters@gmail.com A2 - Nilsson, C (ed) Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - January 2011 SP - 163 EP - 174 PB - Ecological Society of America, 1707 H Street, N.W., Suite 400 Washington DC 20006 United States VL - 21 IS - 1 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - water quality KW - Aquatic Insects KW - Climate change KW - Climatic changes KW - Man-induced effects KW - Freshwater KW - insects KW - Water quality KW - Streams KW - Habitats KW - Hydrology KW - River Flow KW - Aquatic insects KW - Water Diversion KW - Rivers KW - Temperature effects KW - disturbance KW - Habitat availability KW - Environmental impact KW - River discharge KW - Pest control KW - Water temperature KW - Habitat KW - Biomass KW - Insects KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Stream flow KW - summer KW - stream flow KW - Human factors KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q1 08483:Species interactions: general KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - SW 0810:General KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/864959560?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=How+low+can+you+go%3F+Impacts+of+a+low-flow+disturbance+on+aquatic+insect+communities&rft.au=Walters%2C+A+W%3BPost%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Walters&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; River discharge; Environmental impact; Man-induced effects; Pest control; Streams; Aquatic insects; Ecosystem disturbance; Stream flow; Rivers; Habitat availability; Climatic changes; Hydrology; Water temperature; Biomass; Water quality; Habitat; water quality; disturbance; stream flow; summer; Human factors; insects; Habitats; Aquatic Insects; Climate change; River Flow; Insects; Water Diversion; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Leatherback nests increasing significantly in Florida, USA; trends assessed over 30 years using multilevel modeling AN - 864956469; 14690747 AB - Understanding population status for endangered species is critical to developing and evaluating recovery plans mandated by the Endangered Species Act. For sea turtles, changes in abundance are difficult to detect because most life stages occur in the water. Currently, nest counts are the most reliable way of assessing trends. We determined the rate of growth for leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea) nest numbers in Florida (USA) using a multilevel Poisson regression. We modeled nest counts from 68 beaches over 30 years and, using beach-level covariates (including latitude), we allowed for partial pooling of information between neighboring beaches. This modeling approach is ideal for nest count data because it recognizes the hierarchical structure of the data while incorporating variables related to survey effort. Nesting has increased at all 68 beaches in Florida, with trends ranging from 3.1% to 16.3% per year. Overall, across the state, the number of nests has been increasing by 10.2% per year since 1979. Despite being a small population (probably <1000 individuals), this nesting population may help achieve objectives in the federal recovery plan. This exponential growth rate mirrors trends observed for other Atlantic populations and may be driven partially by improved protection of nesting beaches. However, nesting is increasing even where beach protection has not been enhanced. Climate variability and associated marine food web dynamics, which could enhance productivity and reduce predators, may be driving this trend. JF - Ecological Applications AU - Stewart, K AU - Sims, M AU - Meylan, A AU - Witherington, B AU - Brost, B AU - Crowder, L B AD - NOAA-NMFS, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, 3333 N. Torrey Pines Ct, La Jolla, California 92037 USA, kelly.stewart@noaa.gov A2 - Dayton, PK (ed) Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - January 2011 SP - 263 EP - 273 PB - Ecological Society of America, 1707 H Street, N.W., Suite 400 Washington DC 20006 United States VL - 21 IS - 1 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Growth rate KW - ASW, USA, Florida KW - Beaches KW - Data processing KW - Climate KW - Abundance KW - Aquatic reptiles KW - Climate change KW - Developmental stages KW - Predators KW - Nests KW - Nesting KW - Population status KW - Endangered species KW - Reproductive behaviour KW - Dermochelys coriacea KW - Food webs KW - Endangered Species KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - D 04030:Models, Methods, Remote Sensing KW - Q1 08121:Law, policy, economics and social sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/864956469?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Leatherback+nests+increasing+significantly+in+Florida%2C+USA%3B+trends+assessed+over+30+years+using+multilevel+modeling&rft.au=Stewart%2C+K%3BSims%2C+M%3BMeylan%2C+A%3BWitherington%2C+B%3BBrost%2C+B%3BCrowder%2C+L+B&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=263&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Nesting; Climate change; Aquatic reptiles; Reproductive behaviour; Nests; Food webs; Endangered Species; Beaches; Data processing; Abundance; Climate; Population status; Developmental stages; Endangered species; Predators; Dermochelys coriacea; ASW, USA, Florida ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Observation of magnetic fields generated by tsunamis AN - 864947451; 2011-040117 AB - Tsunamis produce perturbations in the Earth's magnetic field by electro-magnetic induction. Recent deployments of highly accurate magnetometers and the exceptionally deep solar minimum provided ideal conditions to observe these small signals from the tsunami resulting from the strong Chilean earthquake on 27 February 2010. Magnetic observatory measurements on Easter Island, 3500 kilometers west of the epicenter, show a periodic signal of 1 nanotesla, coincident in time with recordings from the local tide gauge. The detection of these magnetic signals represents a milestone in understanding tsunami-induced electromagnetic effects. JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Manoj, Chandrasekharan AU - Maus, Stefan AU - Chulliat, Arnaud Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - January 2011 SP - 13 EP - 14 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 92 IS - 2 SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - tsunamis KW - deep solar minimum KW - Chile earthquake 2010 KW - magnetic anomalies KW - Easter Island KW - East Pacific Ocean Islands KW - magnetometers KW - magnetic field KW - variations KW - epicenters KW - earthquakes KW - electromagnetic induction KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/864947451?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Observation+of+magnetic+fields+generated+by+tsunamis&rft.au=Manoj%2C+Chandrasekharan%3BMaus%2C+Stefan%3BChulliat%2C+Arnaud&rft.aulast=Manoj&rft.aufirst=Chandrasekharan&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2011EO020002 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect., geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chile earthquake 2010; deep solar minimum; earthquakes; East Pacific Ocean Islands; Easter Island; electromagnetic induction; epicenters; magnetic anomalies; magnetic field; magnetometers; tsunamis; variations DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011EO020002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Fuel Location and Distribution on Full-Scale Underventilated Compartment Fires AN - 861555460; 14306952 AB - An experimental study was conducted to investigate the effects of fuel location and distribution on full-scale underventilated compartment fires in an ISO 9705 room. Heptane fuel was burned in three different fuel distributions: single centered burner (SCB), single rear burner (SRB), and two distributed burner (TDB). It was experimentally observed that variations in fuel placement did not significantly affect the global steady state underventilated fire characteristics such as fuel mass loss rate, heat release rate, combustion efficiency, global equivalence ratio, and global CO emission outside the compartment for these simple distributions. Supplemental numerical simulations reveal that the local characteristics of thermal and chemical environments depend on the fuel placement between the front and rear region inside the compartment. At the front region, the local fire characteristics were nearly the same regardless of fuel placement. Changes in fuel location and distribution resulted in changes in temperature, total heat flux, CO sub(2), and CO volume fraction at the rear region. Burner placement led to changes in the mixture fraction, flow dynamics, and variations in CO production in the back of the compartment. JF - Journal of Fire Sciences AU - Hwang, Cheol-Hong AU - Lock, Andrew AU - Bundy, Matthew AU - Johnsson, Erik AU - Ko, Gwon Hyun AD - Department of Fire and Disaster Prevention, Daejeon University, 96-3, Yongun-Dong, Dong-Gu, Daejeon 300-716, South Korea, andrew.lock@nist.gov Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - Jan 2011 SP - 21 EP - 52 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 29 IS - 1 SN - 0734-9041, 0734-9041 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - compartment fire KW - underventilated fire KW - fuel distribution KW - ISO 9705 room KW - heptane. KW - Fires KW - Fuels KW - Temperature KW - Emissions KW - Simulation KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Heat transfer KW - Combustion KW - H 7000:Fire Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/861555460?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Remote+Sensing&rft.atitle=Sea-ice+monitoring+over+the+Caspian+Sea+using+geostationary+satellite+data&rft.au=Temimi%2C+Marouane%3BRomanov%2C+Peter%3BGhedira%2C+Hosni%3BKhanbilvardi%2C+Reza%3BSmith%2C+Kim&rft.aulast=Temimi&rft.aufirst=Marouane&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1575&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Remote+Sensing&rft.issn=01431161&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F01431160903578820 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fires; Fuels; Emissions; Temperature; Simulation; Carbon dioxide; Combustion; Heat transfer DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734904110372119 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Summary of the 18th AMS Symposium on Education AN - 860394099; 14397537 JF - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society AU - Pandya, Rajul AU - Smith, David AU - Ackerman, Steven A AU - Brahma, Priti P AU - Charlevoix, Donna J AU - Foster, Susan Q AU - Gaertner, Volker Karl AU - Lee, Thomas F AU - Hayes, Marianne J AU - Mostek, Anthony AD - NOAA/NWS, Boulder, Colorado Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - Jan 2011 SP - 61 EP - 64 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 92 IS - 1 SN - 0003-0007, 0003-0007 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Education KW - Conferences KW - Education symposia KW - American Meteorological Society KW - American Meteorological Society meetings KW - Symposium KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 7010:Education - extramural KW - M2 551.5:General (551.5) KW - O 2070:Meteorology KW - Q2 09108:Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/860394099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+American+Meteorological+Society&rft.atitle=A+Summary+of+the+18th+AMS+Symposium+on+Education&rft.au=Pandya%2C+Rajul%3BSmith%2C+David%3BAckerman%2C+Steven+A%3BBrahma%2C+Priti+P%3BCharlevoix%2C+Donna+J%3BFoster%2C+Susan+Q%3BGaertner%2C+Volker+Karl%3BLee%2C+Thomas+F%3BHayes%2C+Marianne+J%3BMostek%2C+Anthony&rft.aulast=Pandya&rft.aufirst=Rajul&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+American+Meteorological+Society&rft.issn=00030007&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010BAMS2933.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Education; Conferences; Education symposia; American Meteorological Society; American Meteorological Society meetings; Symposium DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010BAMS2933.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing risk of baleen whale hearing loss from seismic surveys: The effect of uncertainty and individual variation AN - 860382938; 14537512 AB - The potential for seismic airgun "shots" to cause acoustic trauma in marine mammals is poorly understood. There are just two empirical measurements of temporary threshold shift (TTS) onset levels from airgun-like sounds in odontocetes. Considering these limited data, a model was developed examining the impact of individual variability and uncertainty on risk assessment of baleen whale TTS from seismic surveys. In each of 100 simulations: 10000 "whales" are assigned TTS onset levels accounting for: inter-individual variation; uncertainty over the population's mean; and uncertainty over weighting of odontocete data to obtain baleen whale onset levels. Randomly distributed whales are exposed to one seismic survey passage with cumulative exposure level calculated. In the base scenario, 29% of whales (5th/95th percentiles of 10%/62%) approached to 1-1.2 km range were exposed to levels sufficient for TTS onset. By comparison, no whales are at risk outside 0.6 km when uncertainty and variability are not considered. Potentially "exposure altering" parameters (movement, avoidance, surfacing, and effective quiet) were also simulated. Until more research refines model inputs, the results suggest a reasonable likelihood that whales at a kilometer or more from seismic surveys could potentially be susceptible to TTS and demonstrate that the large impact uncertainty and variability can have on risk assessment. JF - Journal of the Acoustical Society of America AU - Gedamke, J AU - Gales, N AU - Frydman, S AD - Australian Marine Mammal Centre, Australian Antarctic Division, 203 Channel Highway, Kingston, Tasmania 7050, Australia, jason.gedamke@noaa.gov Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - Jan 2011 SP - 496 EP - 506 PB - Acoustical Society of America, Suite 1NO1 2 Huntington Quadrangle Melville NY 11747-4502 USA VL - 129 IS - 1 SN - 0001-4966, 0001-4966 KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Risk assessment KW - Biological surveys KW - Marine KW - Data processing KW - Acoustics KW - Simulation KW - Avoidance reactions KW - Hearing loss KW - Risks KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Odontoceti KW - whales KW - Models KW - Trauma KW - Marine mammals KW - marine mammals KW - Sound KW - Cetacea KW - Baleens KW - Y 25150:General/Miscellaneous KW - R2 23030:Natural hazards KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - Q1 08376:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/860382938?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Assessing+risk+of+baleen+whale+hearing+loss+from+seismic+surveys%3A+The+effect+of+uncertainty+and+individual+variation&rft.au=Gedamke%2C+J%3BGales%2C+N%3BFrydman%2C+S&rft.aulast=Gedamke&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=129&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=496&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00014966&rft_id=info:doi/10.1121%2F1.3493445 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological surveys; Marine mammals; Avoidance reactions; Ecosystem disturbance; Risks; Baleens; Risk assessment; Data processing; Acoustics; Sound; Hearing loss; Trauma; Models; marine mammals; Simulation; whales; Cetacea; Odontoceti; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3493445 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oil spills and fish health: exposing the heart of the matter AN - 860382870; 14164391 AB - The chemical complexity of crude oil and its fuel products poses many important challenges for exposure science in marine ecosystems that support productive fisheries throughout the world. Meeting these challenges will enable better decisions on approaches to protecting and restoring these ecosystems. JF - Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology AU - Incardona, John P AU - Collier, Tracy K AU - Scholz, Nathaniel L AD - Environmental Conservation Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, USA Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - Jan 2011 SP - 3 EP - 4 PB - Nature Publishing Group, The Macmillan Building London N1 9XW UK VL - 21 IS - 1 SN - 1559-0631, 1559-0631 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Ecosystems KW - Fuels KW - marine ecosystems KW - Crude oil KW - Fisheries KW - Fish KW - Marine ecosystems KW - Oil spills KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/860382870?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Migration+Review&rft.atitle=U.S.+Data+Sources+on+the+Foreign+Born+and+Immigration&rft.au=Grieco%2C+Elizabeth+M%3BRytina%2C+Nancy+F&rft.aulast=Grieco&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1001&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Migration+Review&rft.issn=01979183&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1747-7379.2011.00874_4.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fuels; Fisheries; Marine ecosystems; Oil spills; marine ecosystems; Crude oil; Ecosystems; Fish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jes.2010.51 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coral mass bleaching and reef temperatures at Navassa Island, 2006 AN - 860382736; 14366598 AB - Bleaching and associated mortality is an extreme threat to the persistence of coral populations in the projected warming regime of the next few decades. Recent evidence indicates that thermal bleaching thresholds may be affected by water quality gradients. The unexpected encounter of a coral mass bleaching event at a remote, uninhabited Caribbean island (Navassa) during a routine reef assessment cruise in November 2006 provided the opportunity to characterize bleaching responses and thermal exposure in an oceanic area with negligible continental influence or human impact on water quality. The coral taxa most susceptible to bleaching were Agaricia spp. and Montastraea faveolata. Siderastraea siderea, Diploria spp. and Porites porites were intermediately affected, while Porites astreoides and Montastraea cavernosa were minimally affected and negligible bleaching was observed in Acropora palmata. Bleaching prevalence (colonies > 4 cm diameter) ranged from 0.16 to 0.63 among sites. Deeper sites (between 18 and 37 m) had significantly higher prevalence of bleaching than shallow sites (<10 m). This general pattern of more bleaching in deeper sites also occurred within species. Though exposure to high-temperature stress was not greater at deeper sites, water motion, which may bolster bleaching resistance, was likely less. In situ loggers indicated temperatures over 30 degree C initiated at shallow sites in mid-August, at deeper sites in early September, and were persistent at all sites until mid-October. Long term (1983-2007) climatologies constructed from AVHRR SSTs suggest that the mass bleaching event observed at Navassa in 2006 corresponded with greater intensity and duration of warm temperature anomalies than occurred in 2005, for which no in situ observations (bleaching nor temperature) are available. JF - Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science AU - Miller, M W AU - Piniak, G A AU - Williams, DE AD - NOAA-Southeast Fisheries Science Center, 75 Virginia Beach Dr, Miami, FL 33149, USA, margaret.w.miller@noaa.gov Y1 - 2011/01/01/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Jan 01 SP - 42 EP - 50 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 91 IS - 1 SN - 0272-7714, 0272-7714 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Porites astreoides KW - water quality KW - Reefs KW - bleaching KW - Water quality KW - Human impact KW - Siderea KW - coral bleaching KW - Colonies KW - ASW, Caribbean Sea KW - Islands KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Brackishwater environment KW - Agaricia KW - Corals KW - Temperature effects KW - Marine KW - Mortality KW - Bleaching KW - Climate KW - Estuaries KW - Temperature KW - Brackish KW - Stress KW - Porites porites KW - ASW, Caribbean Sea, Greater Antilles, Navassa I. KW - Coral reefs KW - Diploria KW - Temperature anomalies KW - Montastraea faveolata KW - Montastraea cavernosa KW - Acropora palmata KW - Human factors KW - Mortality causes KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - Q2 09124:Coastal zone management KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/860382736?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuarine%2C+Coastal+and+Shelf+Science&rft.atitle=Coral+mass+bleaching+and+reef+temperatures+at+Navassa+Island%2C+2006&rft.au=Miller%2C+M+W%3BPiniak%2C+G+A%3BWilliams%2C+DE&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=42&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuarine%2C+Coastal+and+Shelf+Science&rft.issn=02727714&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ecss.2010.10.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bleaching; Coral reefs; Estuaries; Climate; Ocean-atmosphere system; Temperature anomalies; Brackishwater environment; Water quality; Mortality causes; Temperature effects; Mortality; Reefs; Colonies; Islands; Stress; Corals; Human impact; water quality; coral bleaching; bleaching; Temperature; Human factors; Siderea; Porites astreoides; Diploria; Montastraea faveolata; Porites porites; Montastraea cavernosa; Agaricia; Acropora palmata; ASW, Caribbean Sea; ASW, Caribbean Sea, Greater Antilles, Navassa I.; Marine; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2010.10.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reconciling stock assessment and management scales under conditions of spatially varying catch histories AN - 860378954; 14360771 AB - Spatial homogeneity is the exception, not the rule, for many marine populations. Data limitations or biological knowledge gaps, though, often drive the assumption of limited stock structuring; the subsequent mismatch of model spatial scale and biological stock structure may compromise management goals. Spatial considerations thus remain a major challenge in providing managers with the best information for responsible and responsive management. This study uses simulation testing to offer a quantitative evaluation of spatial stock structure assumptions on the performance of stock assessments relative to management scales. Catch histories, not biological differences, are used to create stock structure. Simulation testing is based on an operating model of 'true' population states of nature that vary only in catch history across 9 regions. Stock assessments under various data scenarios are then performed on regions either as one aggregated assessment, or at finer area scales defined by zonal catch differences. The median absolute relative error of the terminal spawning biomass depletion is used as a performance statistic. One area stock assessments demonstrated low bias and high precision under all catch scenarios when stock structure is ignored, but perform poorly when applied to areas with differing regional catch histories. Separate area assessments grouped by zonal catch differences performed best under these circumstances, despite lower data quality, indicating the importance of identifying stock structure for management purposes. We suggest a focus on explicitly defining management units prior to conducting stock assessments with a concomitant resolve to increase data provisions at the resolution of management needs. JF - Fisheries Research (Amsterdam) AU - Cope, Jason M AU - Punt, Andre E AD - Fishery Resource Analysis and Monitoring Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, 2725 Montlake Blvd. East, Seattle, WA 98112-2097, United States, jason.cope@noaa.gov Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - Jan 2011 SP - 22 EP - 38 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 107 IS - 1-3 SN - 0165-7836, 0165-7836 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Data processing KW - Fishery management KW - Stock assessment KW - Spawning KW - Biomass KW - Models KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/860378954?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Reconciling+stock+assessment+and+management+scales+under+conditions+of+spatially+varying+catch+histories&rft.au=Cope%2C+Jason+M%3BPunt%2C+Andre+E&rft.aulast=Cope&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=22&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=01657836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fishres.2010.10.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fishery management; Stock assessment; Data processing; Spawning; Biomass; Models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2010.10.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interactions between sea turtles and dredge gear in the U.S. sea scallop (Placopecten magellanicus) fishery, 2001-2008 AN - 860378006; 14360783 AB - Since 2006, the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) has mandated gear modifications ("chain mats") and fishing effort reductions in the U.S. Mid-Atlantic sea scallop dredge fishery to alleviate or minimize interactions with sea turtles. Turtle interactions with gear can be defined as those that are "observable" based on standard fishery observer protocols, plus unobserved interactions, which include both quantifiable and unquantifiable interactions. Once a gear modification is in place, a turtle interaction that was once observable may become unobservable, because the gear modification successfully prevented the turtle from being captured. This paper describes turtle interactions in scallop dredge gear from 2001 to 2008, identifies gear and environmental correlates with observable interaction rates, and reports the average annual number of interactions and adult-equivalent interactions before and after chain mats were mandated in the fishery. Fisheries observer data were used to develop a Generalized Additive Model (GAM) to estimate rates of observable interactions of hard-shelled turtles. These rates were applied to commercial dredge fishing effort to estimate the total number of observable interactions, and to infer the number of unobservable, yet quantifiable interactions after chain mats were implemented. Interaction rates of hard-shelled turtles were correlated with sea surface temperature, depth, and use of a chain mat. The average number of annual observable interactions of hard-shelled turtles in the Mid-Atlantic scallop dredge fishery prior to the implementation of chain mats (1 January 2001 through 25 September 2006) was estimated to be 288 turtles (CV=0.14, 95% CI: 209-363), which is equivalent to 49 adults. After implementation of chain mats, the average annual number of observable interactions was estimated to be 20 turtles (CV=0.48, 95% CI: 3-42), equivalent to 4 adults. If the rate of observable interactions from dredges without chain mats had been applied to trips with chain mats, the estimated number of observable and inferred interactions of hard-shelled species after chain mats were implemented would have been 125 turtles per year (CV=0.15, 95% CI: 88-163). Results from this analysis suggest that chain mats and fishing effort reductions contributed to the decline in estimated turtle interactions after 2006. JF - Fisheries Research (Amsterdam) AU - Murray, Kimberly T AD - NOAA Fisheries, Northeast Fisheries Science Center, 166 Water Street, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA, Kimberly.Murray@noaa.gov Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - Jan 2011 SP - 137 EP - 146 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 107 IS - 1-3 SN - 0165-7836, 0165-7836 KW - ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Temperature effects KW - Marine fisheries KW - Marine KW - Data processing KW - Scallop fisheries KW - Aquatic reptiles KW - Fishing gear KW - Temperature KW - turtles KW - Models KW - Dredges KW - Commercial fishing KW - marine fisheries KW - Placopecten magellanicus KW - Fisheries KW - Depleted stocks KW - Fishing effort KW - fishing KW - Q1 08563:Fishing gear and methods KW - Q4 27750:Environmental KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/860378006?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Interactions+between+sea+turtles+and+dredge+gear+in+the+U.S.+sea+scallop+%28Placopecten+magellanicus%29+fishery%2C+2001-2008&rft.au=Murray%2C+Kimberly+T&rft.aulast=Murray&rft.aufirst=Kimberly&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=01657836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fishres.2010.10.017 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fisheries; Temperature effects; Commercial fishing; Scallop fisheries; Depleted stocks; Fishing gear; Aquatic reptiles; Fishing effort; Dredges; Data processing; Fisheries; Models; marine fisheries; Temperature; turtles; fishing; Placopecten magellanicus; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2010.10.017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A practical guide to statistical methods for comparing means from two-stage sampling AN - 860377249; 14360788 AB - Two-staged sampling is the method of sampling populations that occur naturally in groups and is common in ecological field studies. This sampling method requires special statistical analyses that account for this sample structure. We present and compare several analytical methods for comparing means from two-stage sampling: (1) simple ANOVA ignoring sample structure, (2) unit means ANOVA, (3) Nested Mixed ANOVA, (4) restricted maximum likelihood (REML) Nested Mixed analysis, and (5) REML Nested Mixed analysis with heteroscedasticity. We consider a fisheries survey example where the independent sampling units are subsampled (i.e., hauls are the sampling unit and fish are subsampled from hauls). To evaluate the five analytical methods, we simulated 1000 samples of fish lengths subsampled from hauls in two regions with various levels of: (1) differences between the region means, (2) unbalance among numbers of hauls within regions and numbers of fish within hauls, and (3) heteroscedasticity. For each simulated sample, we tested for a difference in mean lengths between regions using each of the five methods. The inappropriate, simple ANOVA that ignored the sample structure resulted in grossly inflated Type I errors (rejecting a true null hypothesis of no difference in the means). We labeled this analysis the Pseudoreplication ANOVA based on the term "pseudoreplication" that describes the error of using a statistical analysis that assumes independence among observations when in fact the measurements are correlated. The result of this error is artificially inflated degrees of freedom, giving the illusion of having a more powerful test than the data support. The other four analyses performed well when the data were balanced and homoscedastic. When there were unequal numbers of fish per haul, the REML Nested Mixed analyses and the Unit Means ANOVA performed best. The Unequal-Variance REML Nested Mixed analysis showed clear benefit in the presence of heteroscedasticity and unbalance in hauls. For the REML Nested Mixed analysis, we compared three software packages, S-PLUS, SAS, and SYSTAT. A second simulation that compared samples with varying ratios of among-haul to among-fish variance components showed that the Pseudoreplication ANOVA was only appropriate when the haul effect yielded a p-value >0.50. JF - Fisheries Research (Amsterdam) AU - Picquelle, Susan J AU - Mier, Kathryn L AD - Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115, USA, Kathy.Mier@noaa.gov Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - Jan 2011 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 107 IS - 1-3 SN - 0165-7836, 0165-7836 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Statistics KW - Statistical analysis KW - Computer programs KW - software KW - Fishery surveys KW - Fisheries KW - Statistical Analysis KW - Sampling KW - Testing Procedures KW - Data processing KW - Errors KW - Methodology KW - Analytical Methods KW - Fish KW - Fish Populations KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q1 08341:General KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - SW 0540:Properties of water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/860377249?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Atmospheric+and+Oceanic+Technology&rft.atitle=A+VAD-Based+Dealiasing+Method+for+Radar+Velocity+Data+Quality+Control&rft.au=Xu%2C+Qin%3BNai%2C+Kang%3BWei%2C+Li%3BZhang%2C+Pengfei%3BLiu%2C+Shun%3BParrish%2C+David&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Qin&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=50&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Atmospheric+and+Oceanic+Technology&rft.issn=07390572&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JTECHA1444.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Computer programs; Fishery surveys; Sampling; Methodology; software; Statistics; Data processing; Statistical analysis; Testing Procedures; Analytical Methods; Fisheries; Statistical Analysis; Fish; Fish Populations; Errors DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2010.09.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rare detections of North Pacific right whales in the Gulf of Alaska, with observations of their potential prey AN - 858424437; 14409216 AB - The North Pacific right whale Eubalaena japonica was heavily exploited throughout the Gulf of Alaska by both historical whaling and 1960s illegal Soviet catches. It is now extremely rare in this region (2 sightings between 1966 and 2003 and passive acoustic detections on 6 days out of 80 months of recordings at 7 locations). From 2004 to 2006, 4 sightings of right whales occurred in the Barnabus Trough region on Albatross Bank, south of Kodiak Island, Alaska, USA. Sightings of right whales occurred at locations within the trough with the highest density of zooplankton, as measured by active acoustic backscatter. Net trawls through a high-density demersal layer (~150 to 175 m) revealed large numbers of euphausiids and oil-rich C5-stage copepods. Photo-identification and genotyping of 2 whales failed to reveal a match to Bering Sea right whales. Fecal hormone metabolite analysis from 1 whale estimated levels consistent with an immature male, indicating either recent reproduction in the Gulf of Alaska or movements between the Bering Sea and the Gulf of Alaska. Large numbers of historic catches of right whales occurred in pelagic waters of the Gulf of Alaska, but there have been few recent detections in deep water. Given that there is no other location in the Gulf of Alaska where right whales have been repeatedly seen post-exploitation, the Barnabus Trough/Albatross Bank area represents important habitat for the relict population of North Pacific right whales in the Gulf of Alaska, and a portion of this area was designated as critical habitat under the US Endangered Species Act in 2006. JF - Endangered Species Research AU - Wade, PR AU - De Robertis, A AU - Hough, K R AU - Booth, R AU - Kennedy, A AU - LeDuc, R G AU - Munger, L AU - Napp, J AU - Shelden, KEW AU - Rankin, S AU - Vasquez, O AU - Wilson, C AD - Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, Washington 98115, USA, paul.wade@noaa.gov paul.wade@noaa.gov paul.wade@noaa.gov Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - Jan 2011 SP - 99 EP - 109 PB - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 1863-5407, 1863-5407 KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - Food organisms KW - INE, USA, Alaska, Kodiak I. KW - exploitation KW - Metabolites KW - Hormones KW - Eubalaena japonica KW - whales KW - Deep water KW - Islands KW - IN, North Pacific KW - Fishery surveys KW - Copepoda KW - Prey KW - Whaling KW - Biological surveys KW - Marine KW - Plankton surveys KW - catches KW - Fecal coliforms KW - Marine birds KW - Backscatter KW - Acoustics KW - Genotyping KW - Stock assessment KW - Zooplankton KW - prey KW - Sonar detection KW - Habitat KW - IN, Bering Sea KW - Marine mammals KW - Endangered species KW - Reproduction KW - Cetacea KW - INE, USA, Alaska, Alaska Gulf KW - Endangered Species KW - Y 25020:Territory, Reproduction and Sociality KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - Q1 08372:Geographical distribution KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/858424437?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Endangered+Species+Research&rft.atitle=Rare+detections+of+North+Pacific+right+whales+in+the+Gulf+of+Alaska%2C+with+observations+of+their+potential+prey&rft.au=Wade%2C+PR%3BDe+Robertis%2C+A%3BHough%2C+K+R%3BBooth%2C+R%3BKennedy%2C+A%3BLeDuc%2C+R+G%3BMunger%2C+L%3BNapp%2C+J%3BShelden%2C+KEW%3BRankin%2C+S%3BVasquez%2C+O%3BWilson%2C+C&rft.aulast=Wade&rft.aufirst=PR&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Endangered+Species+Research&rft.issn=18635407&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fesr00324 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological surveys; Plankton surveys; Food organisms; Marine birds; Backscatter; Zooplankton; Stock assessment; Sonar detection; Hormones; Deep water; Fishery surveys; Marine mammals; Whaling; Endangered Species; Islands; Acoustics; Genotyping; Endangered species; Metabolites; Reproduction; Habitat; Prey; Historical account; Fecal coliforms; catches; prey; exploitation; whales; Copepoda; Cetacea; Eubalaena japonica; IN, Bering Sea; IN, North Pacific; INE, USA, Alaska, Kodiak I.; INE, USA, Alaska, Alaska Gulf; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr00324 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Winter Circulation Anomalies in the Western United States Associated with Antecedent and Decadal ENSO Variability AN - 856786236; 14308892 JF - Earth Interactions AU - Brown, David P AD - NOAA/National Climatic Data Center, Fort Worth, Texas Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - January 2011 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 15 IS - 3 SN - 1087-3562, 1087-3562 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - ENSO KW - PDO KW - Western United States KW - Variability KW - Climate change KW - Winter circulation anomalies KW - Winter KW - El Nino-Southern Oscillation event variability KW - El Nino events KW - El Nino KW - Ridging KW - I, Pacific KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Seasonal variability KW - Climatology KW - Coasts KW - El Nino phenomena KW - Marine KW - Climates KW - Precipitation KW - Pacific Decadal Oscillation KW - Southern Oscillation KW - IW, Pacific KW - USA KW - El Nino-Southern Oscillation event KW - High Pressure KW - Future climates KW - O 2010:Physical Oceanography KW - Q2 09405:Oil and gas KW - M2 551.588:Environmental Influences (551.588) KW - SW 0815:Precipitation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/856786236?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+Interactions&rft.atitle=Winter+Circulation+Anomalies+in+the+Western+United+States+Associated+with+Antecedent+and+Decadal+ENSO+Variability&rft.au=Brown%2C+David+P&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+Interactions&rft.issn=1561073X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - El Nino; Climate change; Ocean-atmosphere system; Winter; El Nino phenomena; Southern Oscillation; El Nino events; El Nino-Southern Oscillation event variability; El Nino-Southern Oscillation event; Winter circulation anomalies; Climatology; Seasonal variability; Pacific Decadal Oscillation; Future climates; Variability; Ridging; Climates; High Pressure; Precipitation; Coasts; USA; IW, Pacific; I, Pacific; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010EI334.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurements of resistance and reactance in fish with the use of bioelectrical impedance analysis: sources of error AN - 856779038; 14385076 AB - New technologies can be riddled with unforeseen sources of error, jeopardizing the validity and application of their advancement. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a new technology in fisheries research that is capable of estimating proximate composition, condition, and energy content in fish quickly, cheaply, and (after calibration) without the need to sacrifice fish. Before BIA can be widely accepted in fisheries science, it is necessary to identify sources of error and determine a means to minimize potential errors with this analysis. We conducted controlled laboratory experiments to identify sources of errors within BIA measurements. We concluded that electrode needle location, procedure deviations, user experience, time after death, and temperature can affect resistance and reactance measurements. Sensitivity analyses showed that errors in predictive estimates of composition can be large (>50%) when these errors are experienced. Adherence to a strict protocol can help avoid these sources of error and provide BIA estimates that are both accurate and precise in a field or laboratory setting. JF - Fishery Bulletin AU - Cox, M K AU - Heintz, R AU - Hartman, K AD - National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Auke Bay Laboratories, 11305 Glacier Hwy Juneau, Alaska 99801, USA, Keith.Cox@noaa.gov Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - Jan 2011 SP - 34 EP - 47 VL - 109 IS - 1 SN - 0090-0656, 0090-0656 KW - Environment Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Prediction KW - Mortality KW - Impedance KW - Laboratory testing KW - Temperature KW - fishery sciences KW - Fishery biology KW - Potential resources KW - sensitivity analysis KW - Electrodes KW - Economics KW - Fish KW - Technology KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - Q1 08382:Ecological techniques and apparatus KW - O 5090:Instruments/Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/856779038?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fishery+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Measurements+of+resistance+and+reactance+in+fish+with+the+use+of+bioelectrical+impedance+analysis%3A+sources+of+error&rft.au=Cox%2C+M+K%3BHeintz%2C+R%3BHartman%2C+K&rft.aulast=Cox&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=34&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fishery+Bulletin&rft.issn=00900656&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Impedance; Potential resources; Fishery biology; Mortality; Laboratory testing; sensitivity analysis; Economics; Electrodes; Temperature; fishery sciences; Fish; Technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modification of ASTM E 2187 for Measuring the Ignition Propensity of Conventional Cigarettes AN - 855719925; 14167894 AB - Current existing and proposed US flammability standards for soft furnishings such as mattresses and upholstered furniture specify a "standard" cigarette as the ignition source in smoldering resistance performance tests. With the increasing prevalence of reduced ignition propensity cigarettes in the marketplace, the conventional cigarette that has been most widely used in smolder resistance testing is no longer in production. To support manufacturers and testing organizations in product design and testing, and to assist regulators in the compliance evaluation process, a continuing supply of standard conventional cigarettes is required. A key first step in establishing such a supply is the development of a measurement method for quantifying the ignition propensity of a standard cigarette similar to the one currently used for testing soft furnishings. This article describes such a measurement method. It also reports performance data for the conventional test cigarette and other contemporary cigarettes. JF - Fire Technology AU - Gann, Richard G AU - Hnetkovsky, Edward J AD - Fire Research Division, Building and Fire Research Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899-8664, USA, rggann@nist.gov Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - Jan 2011 SP - 69 EP - 83 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 47 IS - 1 SN - 0015-2684, 0015-2684 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Fires KW - Cigarettes KW - Compliance KW - Flammability KW - H 7000:Fire Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855719925?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fire+Technology&rft.atitle=Modification+of+ASTM+E+2187+for+Measuring+the+Ignition+Propensity+of+Conventional+Cigarettes&rft.au=Gann%2C+Richard+G%3BHnetkovsky%2C+Edward+J&rft.aulast=Gann&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fire+Technology&rft.issn=00152684&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10694-009-0120-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fires; Cigarettes; Compliance; Flammability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10694-009-0120-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enticing Arsonists with Broken Windows and Social Disorder AN - 855717656; 14167899 AB - In criminology, it is well understood that indicators of urban decay, such as abandoned buildings littered with broken windows, provide criminals with signals identifying neighborhoods with lower crime detection and apprehension rates than better maintained neighborhoods. Whether it is the resident population's sense of apathy, lack of civic pride, or fear of confrontation that causes criminals to perceive an easy mark, it nevertheless emboldens them to strike. Previous research of wildland arson hints that broken windows (e.g., areas of criminal activity) are partly responsible for arson outbreaks within the wildland-urban interface. We model the incidence of wildland and non-wildland arson ignitions in Michigan from 2001 to 2005 as a function of constructed Broken Windows indices. Our results suggest that crime prevention and urban revitalization programs may be as valuable as fire suppression, fuels management, and law enforcement in limiting incidence and the damage from both wildland and non-wildland arson. JF - Fire Technology AU - Thomas, Douglas S AU - Butry, David T AU - Prestemon, Jeffrey P AD - Office of Applied Economics, Building and Fire Research Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA, david.butry@nist.gov Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - Jan 2011 SP - 255 EP - 273 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 47 IS - 1 SN - 0015-2684, 0015-2684 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Fires KW - crime KW - Fuels KW - prevention KW - law enforcement KW - outbreaks KW - Buildings KW - Urban areas KW - H 7000:Fire Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855717656?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fire+Technology&rft.atitle=Enticing+Arsonists+with+Broken+Windows+and+Social+Disorder&rft.au=Thomas%2C+Douglas+S%3BButry%2C+David+T%3BPrestemon%2C+Jeffrey+P&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fire+Technology&rft.issn=00152684&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10694-010-0145-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fires; Fuels; crime; prevention; law enforcement; outbreaks; Buildings; Urban areas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10694-010-0145-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Clean Agent Suppression of Energized Electrical Equipment Fires AN - 855717359; 14167901 AB - The NFPA 2001 standard on the use of clean agents for the suppression of fires arose from the phase-out of Halon 1301. Standard methods exists for specifying the amount of clean agent required for Class A and Class B fires, but the recommendation for Class C fires (those involving energized electrical equipment) defaults to the Class A values. While this may be appropriate for some Class C fires, there is concern that higher agent concentration may be necessary if energy is added to the fire by the electrical source. A number of test methods have been proposed to determine the amount of agent required to suppress fires in energized electrical equipment; however, there has been no broad agreement on a test method to include in NFPA 2001 for Class C fires. Further, some of the test methods suggest that the current recommended total flooding concentration is sufficient, while others suggest that higher concentrations may be necessary for some fires. This report reviews the role of energy augmentation in the suppression of fires over condensed phase materials. A test protocol is suggested which can quantify the effects of added energy on the suppression process. JF - Fire Technology AU - Linteris, Gregory T AD - Fire Research Division, Building and Fire Research Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA, linteris@nist.gov Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - Jan 2011 SP - 1 EP - 68 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 47 IS - 1 SN - 0015-2684, 0015-2684 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Fires KW - Reviews KW - electrical equipment KW - H 7000:Fire Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855717359?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fire+Technology&rft.atitle=Clean+Agent+Suppression+of+Energized+Electrical+Equipment+Fires&rft.au=Linteris%2C+Gregory+T&rft.aulast=Linteris&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fire+Technology&rft.issn=00152684&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10694-009-0109-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fires; Reviews; electrical equipment DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10694-009-0109-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermal properties of high-volume fly ash mortars and concretes AN - 855710325; 14170783 AB - As sustainability moves to the forefront of construction, the utilization of high-volume fly ash concrete mixtures to reduce CO2 emissions and cement consumption per unit volume of concrete placed is receiving renewed interest. Concrete mixtures in which the fly ash replaces 50% or more of the Portland cement are both economically and technically viable. This article focuses on a characterization of the thermal properties, namely, specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity, of such mixtures. Both the raw materials and the finished products (mortars and concretes) are evaluated using a transient plane source method. Because the specimens being examined are well hydrated, estimates of the specific heat capacity based on a law of mixtures, with a 'bound water' specific heat capacity value being employed for the water in the mixture, provide reasonable predictions of the measured performance. As with most materials, thermal conductivity is found to be a function of density, while also being dependent on whether the aggregate source is siliceous or limestone. The measured values should provide a useful database for evaluating the thermal performance of high-volume fly ash concrete structures. JF - Journal of Thermal Envelope and Building Science AU - Bentz, D P AU - Peltz, MA AU - Duran-Herrera, A AU - Valdez, P AU - Juarez, CA AD - Building and Fire Research Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8615, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8615, USA, Building and Fire Research Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8615, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8615, USA. Academic Group on Concrete Technology, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Academic Group on Concrete Technology, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Academic Group on Concrete Technology, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico, dale.bentz@nist.gov Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 263 EP - 275 PB - Sage Publications, Inc., 2455 Teller Road Thousand Oaks CA 91320 USA VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 1097-1963, 1097-1963 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Limestone KW - Cement KW - thermal conductivity KW - specific heat KW - Emissions KW - Fly ash KW - raw materials KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Concrete KW - Sustainability KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855710325?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Thermal+Envelope+and+Building+Science&rft.atitle=Thermal+properties+of+high-volume+fly+ash+mortars+and+concretes&rft.au=Bentz%2C+D+P%3BPeltz%2C+MA%3BDuran-Herrera%2C+A%3BValdez%2C+P%3BJuarez%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Bentz&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=263&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Thermal+Envelope+and+Building+Science&rft.issn=10971963&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Limestone; Cement; thermal conductivity; specific heat; Emissions; raw materials; Fly ash; Carbon dioxide; Concrete; Sustainability ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential Effects of Dams on Migratory Fish in the Mekong River: Lessons from Salmon in the Fraser and Columbia Rivers AN - 853486248; 14168038 AB - We compared the effects of water resource development on migratory fish in two North American rivers using a descriptive approach based on four high-level indicators: (1) trends in abundance of Pacific salmon, (2) reliance on artificial production to maintain fisheries, (3) proportion of adult salmon that are wild- versus hatchery-origin, and (4) number of salmon populations needing federal protection to avoid extinction. The two rivers had similar biological and physical features but radically different levels of water resource development: the Fraser River has few dams and all are located in tributaries, whereas the Columbia River has more than 130 large mainstem and tributary dams. Not surprisingly, we found substantial effects of development on salmon in the Columbia River. We related the results to potential effects on migratory fish in the Mekong River where nearly 200 mainstem and tributary dams are installed, under construction, or planned and could have profound effects on its 135 migratory fish species. Impacts will vary with dam location due to differential fish production within the basin, with overall effects likely being greatest from 11 proposed mainstem dams. Minimizing impacts will require decades to design specialized fish passage facilities, dam operations, and artificial production, and is complicated by the Mekong's high diversity and productivity. Prompt action is needed by governments and fisheries managers to plan Mekong water resource development wisely to prevent impacts to the world's most productive inland fisheries, and food security and employment opportunities for millions of people in the region. JF - Environmental Management AU - Ferguson, John W AU - Healey, Michael AU - Dugan, Patrick AU - Barlow, Chris AD - NOAA Fisheries, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, 2725 Montlake Boulevard East, Seattle, Washington, 98112, USA, john.w.ferguson@noaa.gov Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - January 2011 SP - 141 EP - 159 PB - Springer-Verlag, 175 Fifth Ave. New York NY 10010 USA VL - 47 IS - 1 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Marine fisheries KW - Anadromous species KW - Abundance KW - Basins KW - Water resources KW - food security KW - Freshwater KW - Canada, British Columbia, Fraser R. KW - Water Resources Development KW - Fishery management KW - Water resources development KW - Salmonidae KW - Tributaries KW - Dam Effects KW - Salmon KW - Rivers KW - North America KW - Extinction KW - Recruitment KW - Migratory Fish KW - salmon KW - Fish KW - Resource development KW - Asia, Mekong R. KW - inland fisheries KW - abundance KW - Food KW - Fish Passages KW - INE, USA, Columbia Estuary KW - Dams KW - Fisheries KW - IN, Pacific KW - Marine KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - Q1 08421:Migrations and rhythms KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use KW - SW 6010:Structures KW - O 5060:Aquaculture KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853486248?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+B%3A+Pesticides%2C+Food+Contaminants+and+Agricultural+Wastes&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+the+mosquito+control+insecticide+phenothrin+to+three+life+stages+of+the+grass+shrimp+%28Palaemonetes+pugio%29&rft.au=Key%2C+Peter+B%3BChung%2C+Katy+W%3BHoguet%2C+Jennifer%3BSapozhnikova%2C+Yelena%3BDelorenzo%2C+Marie+E&rft.aulast=Key&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+B%3A+Pesticides%2C+Food+Contaminants+and+Agricultural+Wastes&rft.issn=03601234&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F03601234.2011.572519 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-03 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Marine fisheries; Fishery management; Dams; Migratory Fish; Anadromous species; Water resources; Resource development; Tributaries; Extinction; Food; Abundance; Fisheries; Recruitment; Basins; Water resources development; salmon; food security; Fish; inland fisheries; abundance; Salmon; Fish Passages; Water Resources Development; Dam Effects; Salmonidae; North America; INE, USA, Columbia Estuary; IN, Pacific; Canada, British Columbia, Fraser R.; Asia, Mekong R.; Marine; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-010-9563-6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The boreal spring variability of the Intra-Americas low-level jet and its relation with precipitation and tornadoes in the eastern United States AN - 853483845; 14168019 AB - The Intra-Americas Sea (IAS) low-level jet has been studied mainly for the summer and winter seasons. In contrast, spring conditions have been studied less. Here we analyze the boreal spring variability of the IAS low-level jet (IA-LLJ) and its relation with precipitation and tornadic activity in the region of the lower Mississippi, Tennessee and Ohio River basins (MORB). The main mode of variability of the spring IA-LLJ is obtained from a combined principal component analysis of zonal and meridional winds at 925-hPa. The first empirical orthogonal function of the IA-LLJ is a strengthening of the climatological flow with stronger easterlies in the Caribbean and stronger southeasterlies in the Gulf of Mexico. This first mode of variability of the IA-LLJ is related mainly to the Pacific North American (PNA) teleconnection pattern as the PNA modulates the pressure in the southeast region of the U.S. Consequently, there is an increase in precipitation over the MORB region as the moisture fluxes associated with the IA-LLJ increase. Tornadic activity in nine states spanning the MORB region is also significantly related to the IA-LLJ and the PNA index for March, in addition to the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) and the Nino indexes. Among the environmental factors that influence tornadic activity are southwesterly wind shear, dry transients at the mid-troposphere, moist transients at low levels, and an increase in convective available potential energy (CAPE). The decadal shifts in MORB precipitation and tornado activity appear to be related to the decadal shift of the IA-LLJ. JF - Climate Dynamics AU - Munoz, Ernesto AU - Enfield, David AD - Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL, 33149, USA, ernesto.munoz@noaa.gov Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - January 2011 SP - 247 EP - 259 PB - Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Platz 3 Berlin 14197 Germany VL - 36 IS - 1-2 SN - 0930-7575, 0930-7575 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Variability KW - River Basins KW - Tornadoes KW - Principal Component Analysis KW - USA, Kentucky, Ohio R. basin KW - Empirical orthogonal functions KW - Freshwater KW - Gulfs KW - Environmental factors KW - Potential energy KW - ASW, Caribbean Sea KW - Low-level jet stream KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Seasonal variability KW - Wind variability KW - Wind KW - Teleconnections KW - Marine KW - Wind shear KW - Climates KW - River basins KW - Precipitation KW - Pacific Decadal Oscillation KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - USA, Tennessee KW - ASW, USA, Mississippi KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - M2 551.58:Climatology (551.58) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853483845?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climate+Dynamics&rft.atitle=The+boreal+spring+variability+of+the+Intra-Americas+low-level+jet+and+its+relation+with+precipitation+and+tornadoes+in+the+eastern+United+States&rft.au=Munoz%2C+Ernesto%3BEnfield%2C+David&rft.aulast=Munoz&rft.aufirst=Ernesto&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climate+Dynamics&rft.issn=09307575&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00382-009-0688-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wind shear; Tornadoes; Ocean-atmosphere system; River basins; Environmental factors; Teleconnections; Potential energy; Low-level jet stream; Empirical orthogonal functions; Seasonal variability; Precipitation; Pacific Decadal Oscillation; Wind variability; River Basins; Variability; Principal Component Analysis; Climates; Gulfs; Wind; ASW, Mexico Gulf; USA, Tennessee; ASW, Caribbean Sea; ASW, USA, Mississippi; USA, Kentucky, Ohio R. basin; Marine; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-009-0688-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dependence of daily peak O sub(3) concentrations near Houston, Texas on environmental factors: Wind speed, temperature, and boundary-layer depth AN - 851468801; 14043133 AB - Airborne and surface measurements of ozone (O sub(3)) during the Texas Air Quality Study campaigns in 2000 and 2006 (TexAQS 2000 and TexAQS 2006) were used to investigate the relationship between maximum daily O sub(3) and the vector-averaged wind speed , calculated from radar wind profiler data, in the lower atmospheric boundary layer (BL). Both the maximum daily O sub(3) and the peak "add-on" O sub(3) contribution (calculated as the maximum minus the background values) from the Houston area showed a strong correlation (r~0.7-0.9) with both the reciprocal of this wind speed super(-1), and the wind speed itself. Data from airborne platforms produced higher correlations in general than surface-measured values. Except for special cases where O sub(3) was measured close to source activity in a location where the BL depth h was suppressed, peak daily ozone concentrations were not strongly correlated with h, and attempts to include 1/h dependence with super(-1) degraded the correlations--indicating that in general, h was not a strong predictor for maximum daily O sub(3). Inclusion of daily maximum temperature in the regression analysis also failed to improve the correlations significantly. The high correlations for wind speed thus showed that was the meteorological variable most strongly associated with peak daily O sub(3) concentrations. The best-fit regression line of peak daily O sub(3) vs. for the 2000 data lay above the line for 2006 for wind speeds less than 5 m s super(-1), the difference increasing as the wind speeds weakened. This six-year decrease in O sub(3) concentrations for the weakest-wind, most polluted days suggests that control strategies implemented between 2000 and 2006 may be producing beneficial effects, especially on the most polluted days. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Banta, Robert M AU - Senff, Christoph J AU - Alvarez, Raul J AU - Langford, Andrew O AU - Parrish, David D AU - Trainer, Michael K AU - Darby, Lisa S AU - Hardesty, Michael, R AU - Lambeth, Bryan AU - Andrew Neuman, J AU - Angevine, Wayne M AU - Nielsen-Gammon, John AU - Sandberg, Scott P AU - White, Allen B AD - Earth System Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305, USA, robert.banta@noaa.gov robert.banta@noaa.gov robert.banta@noaa.gov robert.banta@noaa.gov robert.banta@noaa.gov Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - January 2011 SP - 162 EP - 173 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 45 IS - 1 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Regression Analysis KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Boundary Layers KW - Correlations KW - Air quality KW - Wind speed KW - Ozone in troposphere KW - Ozone concentration KW - Meteorology KW - Atmospheric boundary layer KW - USA, Texas, Houston KW - Wind KW - Ozone KW - environmental factors KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Temperature KW - Velocity KW - profilers KW - Radar KW - USA, Texas KW - Radar wind profiler KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - SW 0540:Properties of water KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/851468801?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Dependence+of+daily+peak+O+sub%283%29+concentrations+near+Houston%2C+Texas+on+environmental+factors%3A+Wind+speed%2C+temperature%2C+and+boundary-layer+depth&rft.au=Banta%2C+Robert+M%3BSenff%2C+Christoph+J%3BAlvarez%2C+Raul+J%3BLangford%2C+Andrew+O%3BParrish%2C+David+D%3BTrainer%2C+Michael+K%3BDarby%2C+Lisa+S%3BHardesty%2C+Michael%2C+R%3BLambeth%2C+Bryan%3BAndrew+Neuman%2C+J%3BAngevine%2C+Wayne+M%3BNielsen-Gammon%2C+John%3BSandberg%2C+Scott+P%3BWhite%2C+Allen+B&rft.aulast=Banta&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=162&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2010.09.030 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wind speed; Ozone in troposphere; Atmospheric pollution; Correlations; Ozone concentration; Air quality; Atmospheric boundary layer; Radar wind profiler; Ozone; environmental factors; Pollution monitoring; profilers; Radar; Temperature; Velocity; Meteorology; Regression Analysis; Boundary Layers; Wind; USA, Texas; USA, Texas, Houston DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.09.030 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of environmentally-relevant levels of perfluorooctane sulfonate on clinical parameters and immunological functions in B6C3F1 mice. AN - 850564098; 21261439 AB - In the first part of a series of studies to account for perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS)-induced sheep red blood cell (SRBC)-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody suppression in mice, a survey of clinical and immunotoxicological endpoints was examined. Adult female B₆C₃F₁ mice were exposed orally for 28 days to a total administered dose (TAD) of 0, 0.1, 0.5, 1, or 5 mg PFOS/kg. Uterus wet weight was significantly decreased compared with control at the 5 mg/kg dose. No indications of wasting syndrome, malnutrition, alteration of thyroid homeostasis, or signs of overt toxicity were observed. Numbers of splenic CD19+/CD21⁻, CD19+/CD21+, B220+/CD40+, CD4+/CD154⁻, CD4+/CD154+, and MHC-II+ cells were not altered. Additionally, ex vivo interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, and IL-6 production by in vitro anti-CD3- or phorbol myristate acetate-stimulated CD4+ T-cells was not affected. Ex vivo IL-6 production by B-cells was significantly increased by in vitro stimulation with either anti-CD40 or lipopolysaccharide. Increased IL-6 production by B-cells was the most sensitive endpoint assessed resulting in alterations at the lowest dose tested (0.1 mg/kg TAD) following anti-CD40 stimulation. Further studies are required to characterize effects on inflammatory markers such as IL-6 at environmentally relevant concentrations of PFOS and to determine the key events associated with PFOS-induced IgM suppression to address potential human health risks. JF - Journal of immunotoxicology AU - Fair, Patricia A AU - Driscoll, Erin AU - Mollenhauer, Meagan A M AU - Bradshaw, Sarah G AU - Yun, Se Hun AU - Kannan, Kurunthachalam AU - Bossart, Gregory D AU - Keil, Deborah E AU - Peden-Adams, Margie M AD - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, Center for Coastal Environmental Health & Biomolecular Research, Charleston, SC, USA. PY - 2011 SP - 17 EP - 29 VL - 8 IS - 1 KW - Alkanesulfonic Acids KW - 0 KW - Antigens, CD KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Fluorocarbons KW - Immunoglobulin M KW - Interleukin-6 KW - Thyroid Hormones KW - perfluorooctane sulfonic acid KW - 9H2MAI21CL KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Spleen -- pathology KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay KW - Spleen -- immunology KW - T-Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Spleen -- drug effects KW - Thyroid Hormones -- blood KW - T-Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Antigens, CD -- immunology KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Fluorocarbons -- pharmacokinetics KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Alkanesulfonic Acids -- pharmacokinetics KW - Alkanesulfonic Acids -- toxicity KW - Immunoglobulin M -- immunology KW - Fluorocarbons -- toxicity KW - B-Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Environmental Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics KW - B-Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Immunoglobulin M -- blood KW - Fluorocarbons -- blood KW - Interleukin-6 -- immunology KW - Alkanesulfonic Acids -- blood KW - Interleukin-6 -- biosynthesis KW - Environmental Pollutants -- blood UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/850564098?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+immunotoxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+environmentally-relevant+levels+of+perfluorooctane+sulfonate+on+clinical+parameters+and+immunological+functions+in+B6C3F1+mice.&rft.au=Fair%2C+Patricia+A%3BDriscoll%2C+Erin%3BMollenhauer%2C+Meagan+A+M%3BBradshaw%2C+Sarah+G%3BYun%2C+Se+Hun%3BKannan%2C+Kurunthachalam%3BBossart%2C+Gregory+D%3BKeil%2C+Deborah+E%3BPeden-Adams%2C+Margie+M&rft.aulast=Fair&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+immunotoxicology&rft.issn=1547-6901&rft_id=info:doi/10.3109%2F1547691X.2010.527868 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2011-05-20 N1 - Date created - 2011-02-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Toxicology. 2008 Jan 20;243(3):330-9 [18063289] Toxicol Sci. 2008 Mar;102(1):3-14 [18003598] J Immunotoxicol. 2008 Jan;5(1):23-31 [18382855] Toxicol Sci. 2008 May;103(1):77-85 [18252804] Environ Health Perspect. 2008 May;116(5):644-50 [18470313] Immunobiology. 2008;213(5):409-15 [18472049] Toxicol Sci. 2008 Jul;104(1):144-54 [18359764] Environ Sci Technol. 2008 Jul 1;42(13):4989-95 [18678038] Toxicol Sci. 2008 Sep;105(1):86-96 [18559402] Toxicol Sci. 2008 Oct;105(2):312-21 [18583369] J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2008;71(23):1516-25 [18923994] Crit Rev Toxicol. 2009;39(1):76-94 [18802816] Toxicol Sci. 2009 Mar;108(1):110-23 [19141786] Toxicol Sci. 2009 Apr;108(2):367-76 [19196829] Reprod Toxicol. 2009 Jun;27(3-4):307-18 [19071210] Toxicol Sci. 2009 May;109(1):106-12 [19240040] Toxicology. 2009 Jun 16;260(1-3):68-76 [19464571] Arch Toxicol. 2009 Jul;83(7):679-89 [19015834] Int Immunopharmacol. 2002 Feb;2(2-3):389-97 [11811941] Arch Toxicol. 2002 Jan;75(11-12):635-42 [11876496] J Immunol. 2002 Mar 15;168(6):2795-802 [11884448] Environ Sci Technol. 2002 Apr 1;36(7):146A-152A [11999053] Biochem Pharmacol. 2002 May 15;63(10):1893-900 [12034374] Blood. 2002 Jul 1;100(1):217-23 [12070030] Toxicol Sci. 2002 Jul;68(1):249-64 [12075127] Toxicology. 2002 Jul 15;176(3):175-85 [12093614] J Immunol. 2002 Dec 15;169(12):6806-12 [12471112] Crit Rev Toxicol. 2002;32(6):445-520 [12487363] Toxicology. 2003 Feb 1;183(1-3):117-31 [12504346] J Immunol. 2003 Mar 15;170(6):3099-108 [12626566] J Occup Environ Med. 2003 Mar;45(3):260-70 [12661183] Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2003 Jun-Aug;14(3-4):297-309 [12787567] Toxicol Sci. 2003 Aug;74(2):382-92 [12773772] Toxicol Sci. 2003 Aug;74(2):369-81 [12773773] Immunology. 2003 Sep;110(1):131-40 [12941150] Environ Health Perspect. 2003 Sep;111(12):1485-9 [12948888] J Immunol. 2003 Dec 1;171(11):5707-17 [14634078] Environ Health Perspect. 2003 Dec;111(16):1892-901 [14644663] Birth Defects Res B Dev Reprod Toxicol. 2003 Dec;68(6):465-71 [14745980] Chemosphere. 2005 Mar;58(11):1471-96 [15694468] Environ Health Perspect. 2005 May;113(5):539-45 [15866760] Environ Sci Technol. 2005 Sep 1;39(17):6591-8 [16190216] Environ Sci Technol. 2005 Dec 1;39(23):9101-8 [16382930] Toxicol Lett. 2006 Jun 20;164(1):81-9 [16384669] Toxicol Sci. 2006 Aug;92(2):476-89 [16731579] Environ Sci Technol. 2006 Aug 15;40(16):4943-8 [16955890] Environ Res. 2007 Feb;103(2):176-84 [16893538] Toxicology. 2009 Aug 21;262(3):207-14 [19540903] Arch Toxicol. 2009 Sep;83(9):805-15 [19343326] Environ Toxicol. 2009 Dec;24(6):580-8 [19051282] J Toxicol Sci. 2009 Dec;34(6):687-91 [19952504] J Biol Chem. 1999 Nov 5;274(45):32048-54 [10542237] Eur J Immunol. 1999 Dec;29(12):3855-66 [10601993] J Neuroimmunol. 2000 Oct 2;110(1-2):161-7 [11024546] Clin Exp Immunol. 2000 Nov;122(2):219-26 [11091278] Z Rheumatol. 2000;59 Suppl 2:II/62-4 [11155806] Cell Mol Life Sci. 2001 Jan;58(1):4-43 [11229815] J Immunol. 2004 May 1;172(9):5790-8 [15100326] J Biomed Sci. 2004 Jul-Aug;11(4):426-38 [15153777] Toxicol Sci. 2004 Jul;80(1):151-60 [15071170] Crit Rev Toxicol. 2004 Jul-Aug;34(4):351-84 [15328768] Immunology. 2004 Oct;113(2):187-93 [15379979] Am J Vet Res. 1981 Nov;42(11):2016-21 [7337299] Acta Endocrinol (Copenh). 1983 May;103(1):76-80 [6602445] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1984 Dec;4(6):972-6 [6519377] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1988 Jan;10(1):2-19 [3280374] Ann Hematol. 1991 Jun;62(6):203-10 [1854882] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1992 Feb;18(2):200-10 [1534777] Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 1992;14(4):925-38 [1294628] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1993 Jul;21(1):71-82 [8365588] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1995 Dec;135(2):287-98 [8545839] J Immunol. 1996 Aug 15;157(4):1440-7 [8759724] Immunity. 1997 Feb;6(2):107-18 [9047233] Annu Rev Immunol. 1998;16:111-35 [9597126] Int Immunol. 1999 Jan;11(1):71-9 [10050675] Toxicology. 1999 Mar 1;133(1):59-72 [10413194] J Immunol. 1999 Aug 1;163(3):1123-7 [10415005] Environ Sci Technol. 2001 Apr 1;35(7):1339-42 [11348064] Int J Toxicol. 2001 Mar-Apr;20(2):101-9 [11354466] Immunity. 2001 Jul;15(1):23-34 [11485735] Environ Sci Technol. 2001 Aug 1;35(15):3065-70 [11505980] Environ Health Perspect. 2001 Aug;109(8):785-94 [11564613] Environ Health Perspect. 2001 Aug;109(8):821-6 [11564618] Biochem Pharmacol. 2001 Oct 15;62(8):1133-40 [11597582] Environ Health Perspect. 2002 Jan;110(1):85-93 [11781169] Environ Sci Technol. 2007 Apr 1;41(7):2237-42 [17438769] Tohoku J Exp Med. 2007 May;212(1):63-70 [17464105] J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2007 Jul;70(13):1130-41 [17558808] Toxicol Sci. 2007 Aug;98(2):589-98 [17504768] Environ Health Perspect. 2007 Sep;115(9):1298-305 [17805419] Toxicol Sci. 2007 Oct;99(2):366-94 [17519394] Toxicol Sci. 2007 Dec;100(2):328-32 [17878151] Environ Health Perspect. 2007 Nov;115(11):1596-602 [18007991] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/1547691X.2010.527868 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The tissue residue approach for toxicity assessment: findings and critical reviews from a Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Pellston Workshop. AN - 821199396; 21184566 AB - Over the past few years, the "critical body residue" approach for assessing toxicity based on bioaccumulated chemicals has evolved into a more expansive consideration of tissue residues as the dose metric when defining dose-response relationships, evaluating mixtures, developing protective guidelines, and conducting risk assessments. Hence, scientists refer to "tissue residue approach for toxicity assessment" or "tissue residue-effects approach" (TRA) when addressing ecotoxicology issues pertaining to tissue (or internal) concentrations. This introduction provides an overview of a SETAC Pellston Workshop held in 2007 to review the state of the science for using tissue residues as the dose metric in environmental toxicology. The key findings of the workshop are presented, along with recommendations for research to enhance understanding of toxic responses within and between species, and to advance the use of the TRA in assessment and management of chemicals in the environment. Copyright © 2010 SETAC. JF - Integrated environmental assessment and management AU - Meador, James P AU - Adams, William J AU - Escher, Beate I AU - McCarty, Lynn S AU - McElroy, Anne E AU - Sappington, Keith G AD - Ecotoxicology and Environmental Fish Health Program, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Fisheries, 2725 Montlake Boulevard East, Seattle, Washington 98112, USA. james.meador@noaa.gov Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - January 2011 SP - 2 EP - 6 VL - 7 IS - 1 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Ecotoxicology -- trends KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Environmental Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/821199396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Integrated+environmental+assessment+and+management&rft.atitle=The+tissue+residue+approach+for+toxicity+assessment%3A+findings+and+critical+reviews+from+a+Society+of+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry+Pellston+Workshop.&rft.au=Meador%2C+James+P%3BAdams%2C+William+J%3BEscher%2C+Beate+I%3BMcCarty%2C+Lynn+S%3BMcElroy%2C+Anne+E%3BSappington%2C+Keith+G&rft.aulast=Meador&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=2&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Integrated+environmental+assessment+and+management&rft.issn=1551-3793&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010JB007738 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2011-03-11 N1 - Date created - 2010-12-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Erratum In: Integr Environ Assess Manag. 2011 Apr;7(2):310 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ieam.133 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - First principles phase diagram calculations for oxides and nitrides AN - 1863568832; 2017-007214 JF - Berichte der Deutschen Mineralogischen Gesellschaft AU - Adjaoud, O AU - Steinle-Neumann, G AU - Burton, B P AU - van de Walle, A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 72 PB - E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart VL - 2011 SN - 0935-123X, 0935-123X KW - cluster expansion KW - phase equilibria KW - phase diagrams KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - oxides KW - mathematical models KW - free energy KW - alloys KW - nitrides KW - thermodynamic properties KW - 01A:General mineralogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1863568832?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Berichte+der+Deutschen+Mineralogischen+Gesellschaft&rft.atitle=First+principles+phase+diagram+calculations+for+oxides+and+nitrides&rft.au=Adjaoud%2C+O%3BSteinle-Neumann%2C+G%3BBurton%2C+B+P%3Bvan+de+Walle%2C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Adjaoud&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=2011&rft.issue=&rft.spage=72&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Berichte+der+Deutschen+Mineralogischen+Gesellschaft&rft.issn=0935123X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.dmg-home.org/fileadmin/Konferenzen/JointMeeting2011_Abstracts.pdf LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Joint meeting; 19. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft fuer Kristallographie; 89. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Mineralogischen Gesellschaft; Jahrestagung der Oesterreichischen Mineralogischen Gesellschaft (MinPet 2011) N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-02 N1 - CODEN - FMRLAL N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alloys; cluster expansion; free energy; mathematical models; Monte Carlo analysis; nitrides; oxides; phase diagrams; phase equilibria; statistical analysis; thermodynamic properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparisons of geoid models over Alaska computed with different Stokes' kernel modifications AN - 1832668156; 777959-5 AB - Various Stokes kernel modification methods have been developed over the years. The goal of this paper is to test the most commonly used Stokes kernel modifications numerically by using Alaska as a test area and EGM08 as a reference model. The tests show that some methods are more sensitive than others to the integration cap sizes. For instance, using the methods of Vanicek and Kleusberg or Featherstone et al. with kernel modification at degree 60, the geoid decreases by 30 cm (on average) when the cap size increases from 1 degrees to 25 degrees . The corresponding changes in the methods of Wong and Gore and Heck and Grueninger are only at the 1 cm level. At high modification degrees, above 360, the methods of Vanicek and Kleusberg and Featherstone et al become unstable because of numerical problems in the modification coefficients; similar conclusions have been reported by Featherstone (2003). In contrast, the methods of Wong and Gore, Heck and Grueninger and the least-squares spectral combination are stable at any modification degree, though they do not provide as good fit as the best case of the Molodenskii-type methods at the GPS/Leveling benchmarks. However, certain tests for choosing the cap size and modification degree have to be performed in advance to avoid abrupt mean geoid changes if the latter methods are applied. JF - Journal of Geodetic Science AU - Li, X AU - Wang, Y Y1 - 2011/01/01/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Jan 01 SP - 136 EP - 142 PB - De Gruyter Open, Warsaw VL - 1 IS - 2 KW - United States KW - Global Positioning System KW - Earth KW - numerical models KW - statistical analysis KW - standard deviation KW - leveling KW - geodesy KW - gravity anomalies KW - stochastic processes KW - Navier-Stokes equations KW - Alaska KW - geoid KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832668156?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geodetic+Science&rft.atitle=Comparisons+of+geoid+models+over+Alaska+computed+with+different+Stokes%27+kernel+modifications&rft.au=Li%2C+X%3BWang%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=136&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geodetic+Science&rft.issn=2081-9943&rft_id=info:doi/10.2478%2Fv10156-010-0016-1 L2 - http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/jogs LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin, Germany N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; Earth; geodesy; geoid; Global Positioning System; gravity anomalies; leveling; Navier-Stokes equations; numerical models; standard deviation; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10156-010-0016-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Precise computation of the direct and indirect topographic effects of Helmert's 2 (super nd) method of condensation using SRTM30 digital elevation model AN - 1832658702; 777961-2 AB - The direct topographic effect (DTE) and indirect topographic effect (ITE) of Helmert's 2 (super nd) method of condensation are computed using the digital elevation model (DEM) SRTM30 in 30 arc-seconds globally. The computations assume a constant density of the topographic masses. Closed formulas are used in the inner zone of half degree, and Nagy's formulas are used in the innermost column to treat the singularity of integrals. To speed up the computations, 1-dimensional fast Fourier transform (1D FFT) is applied in outer zone computations. The computation accuracy is limited to 0.1 mGal and 0.1cm for the direct and indirect effect, respectively. The mean value and standard deviation of the DTE are -0.8 and + or -7.6 mGal over land areas. The extreme value -274.3 mGal is located at latitude -13.579 degrees and longitude 289.496 degrees , at the height of 1426 meter in the Andes Mountains. The ITE is negative everywhere and has its minimum of -235.9 cm at the peak of Himalayas (8685 meter). The standard deviation and mean value over land areas are + or -15.6 cm and -6.4 cm, respectively. Because the Stokes kernel does not contain the zero and first degree spherical harmonics, the mean value of the ITE can't be compensated through the remove-restore procedure under the Stokes-Helmert scheme, and careful treatment of the mean value in the ITE is required. JF - Journal of Geodetic Science AU - Wang, Y Y1 - 2011/01/01/ PY - 2011 DA - 2011 Jan 01 SP - 305 EP - 312 PB - De Gruyter Open, Warsaw VL - 1 IS - 4 KW - Andes KW - Earth KW - data processing KW - mathematical models KW - geodesy KW - digital terrain models KW - spherical harmonic analysis KW - fast Fourier transforms KW - South America KW - topography KW - Fourier analysis KW - Himalayas KW - Asia KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832658702?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geodetic+Science&rft.atitle=Precise+computation+of+the+direct+and+indirect+topographic+effects+of+Helmert%27s+2+%28super+nd%29+method+of+condensation+using+SRTM30+digital+elevation+model&rft.au=Wang%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=305&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geodetic+Science&rft.issn=2081-9943&rft_id=info:doi/10.2478%2Fv10156-011-0009-8 L2 - http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/jogs LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin, Germany N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 10 tables N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Andes; Asia; data processing; digital terrain models; Earth; fast Fourier transforms; Fourier analysis; geodesy; Himalayas; mathematical models; South America; spherical harmonic analysis; topography DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10156-011-0009-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence for hydrothermal activity in the Woodlark Basin, an arc-influenced oceanic spreading center AN - 1832631654; 690864-63 JF - Abstract Volume (Geological Association of Canada) AU - Leybourne, M I AU - de Ronde, C E J AU - Baker, E T AU - Massoth, G J AU - Lupton, J AU - Ishibashi, J I AU - Walker, S AU - Areulus, R AU - McInnes, B I A Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 120 PB - Geological Association of Canada, Waterloo, ON VL - 34 SN - 1716-6098, 1716-6098 KW - plumes KW - Woodlark Basin KW - Southwest Pacific KW - hydrothermal vents KW - solutes KW - segmentation KW - subduction KW - South Pacific KW - West Pacific KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - San Cristobal Trench KW - plate tectonics KW - marine environment KW - Pacific Ocean KW - submarine environment KW - sea-floor spreading KW - ocean floors KW - spreading centers KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832631654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstract+Volume+%28Geological+Association+of+Canada%29&rft.atitle=Evidence+for+hydrothermal+activity+in+the+Woodlark+Basin%2C+an+arc-influenced+oceanic+spreading+center&rft.au=Leybourne%2C+M+I%3Bde+Ronde%2C+C+E+J%3BBaker%2C+E+T%3BMassoth%2C+G+J%3BLupton%2C+J%3BIshibashi%2C+J+I%3BWalker%2C+S%3BAreulus%2C+R%3BMcInnes%2C+B+I+A&rft.aulast=Leybourne&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=&rft.spage=120&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstract+Volume+%28Geological+Association+of+Canada%29&rft.issn=17166098&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.gac.ca/activities/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. N1 - PubXState - ON N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hydrothermal conditions; hydrothermal vents; marine environment; ocean floors; Pacific Ocean; plate tectonics; plumes; San Cristobal Trench; sea-floor spreading; segmentation; solutes; South Pacific; Southwest Pacific; spreading centers; subduction; submarine environment; West Pacific; Woodlark Basin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - External Tests of Scope and Embedding in Stated Preference Choice Experiments: An Application to Endangered Species Valuation AN - 1777126156; 14244332 AB - A criticism often levied against stated preference (SP) valuation results is that they sometimes do not display sensitivity to differences in the magnitude or scope of the good being valued. In this study, we test the sensitivity of preferences for several proposed expanded protection programs that would protect up to three US Endangered Species Act-listed species: the Puget Sound Chinook salmon, the smalltooth sawfish, and the Hawaiian monk seal. An external scope test is employed via a split-sample SP choice experiment survey to evaluate whether there is a significant difference in willingness to pay (WTP) for protecting more species and/or achieving greater improvements in the status of the species. The majority of 46 scope tests indicate sensitivity to scope, and the pattern of scope test failures is consistent with diminishing marginal utility with respect to the amount of protection to each species. Further tests suggest WTP may be proportional to the number of species valued. JF - Environmental & Resource Economics AU - Lew, Daniel K AU - Wallmo, Kristy AD - Resource Ecology and Fisheries Management Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, 98115, USA Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - January 2011 SP - 1 EP - 23 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 48 IS - 1 SN - 0924-6460, 0924-6460 KW - Materials Business File (MB); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Salmon KW - Economics KW - Wildlife conservation KW - Sound KW - Failure KW - Endangered species KW - Seals KW - Utilities KW - Marine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777126156?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+%26+Resource+Economics&rft.atitle=External+Tests+of+Scope+and+Embedding+in+Stated+Preference+Choice+Experiments%3A+An+Application+to+Endangered+Species+Valuation&rft.au=Lew%2C+Daniel+K%3BWallmo%2C+Kristy&rft.aulast=Lew&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+%26+Resource+Economics&rft.issn=09246460&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10640-010-9394-1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10640-010-9394-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Novel applications of carbon isotopes in atmospheric CO (sub 2) ; what can atmospheric measurements teach us about processes in the biosphere? AN - 1739084649; 2015-115889 AB - Conventionally, measurements of carbon isotopes in atmospheric CO (sub 2) (delta (super 13) CO (sub 2) ) have been used to partition fluxes between terrestrial and ocean carbon pools. However, novel analytical approaches combined with an increase in the spatial extent and frequency of delta (super 13) CO (sub 2) measurements allow us to conduct a global analysis of delta (super 13) CO (sub 2) variability to infer the isotopic composition of source CO (sub 2) to the atmosphere (delta (sub s) ). This global analysis yields coherent seasonal patterns of isotopic enrichment. Our results indicate that seasonal values of delta (sub s) are more highly correlated with vapor pressure deficit (r=0.404) than relative humidity (r=0.149). We then evaluate two widely used stomatal conductance models and determine that the Leuning Model, which is primarily driven by vapor pressure deficit is more effective globally at predicting delta (sub s) (RMSE=1.6 per mil) than the Ball-Woodrow-Berry model, which is driven by relative humidity (RMSE=2.7 per mil). Thus stomatal conductance on a global scale may be more sensitive to changes in vapor pressure deficit than relative humidity. This approach highlights a new application of using delta (super 13) CO (sub 2) measurements to validate global models. JF - Biogeosciences AU - Ballantyne, Ashley P AU - Miller, J B AU - Baker, I T AU - Tans, P P AU - White, J W C Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 3093 EP - 3106 PB - Copernicus GmbH on behalf of the European Union, Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 8 IS - 10 SN - 1726-4170, 1726-4170 KW - United States KW - terrestrial environment KW - isotopes KW - water vapor KW - Leuning model KW - ecosystems KW - troposphere KW - vegetation KW - nonpoint sources KW - stable isotopes KW - carbon dioxide KW - Ball-Woodrow-Berry model KW - stomata KW - transport KW - carbon KW - Niwot Ridge Colorado KW - pressure KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - statistical analysis KW - biomes KW - atmosphere KW - Weld County Colorado KW - boundary conditions KW - geochemical cycle KW - correlation coefficient KW - humidity KW - atmospheric transport KW - biosphere KW - C-13 KW - seasonal variations KW - carbon cycle KW - Colorado KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1739084649?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeosciences&rft.atitle=Novel+applications+of+carbon+isotopes+in+atmospheric+CO+%28sub+2%29+%3B+what+can+atmospheric+measurements+teach+us+about+processes+in+the+biosphere%3F&rft.au=Ballantyne%2C+Ashley+P%3BMiller%2C+J+B%3BBaker%2C+I+T%3BTans%2C+P+P%3BWhite%2C+J+W+C&rft.aulast=Ballantyne&rft.aufirst=Ashley&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=3093&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeosciences&rft.issn=17264170&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.biogeosciences.net/8/3093/2011/bg-8-3093-2011.pdf http://www.biogeosciences.net LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Copernicus Gesellschaft, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes supplement, http://www.biogeosciences.net/8/3093/2011/bg-8-3093-2011-supplement.pdf; part of special issue no. 87, Stable isotopes and biogeochemical cycles in terrestrial ecosystems, edited by Bahn, M., Buchmann, N., and Knohl, A., http://www.biogeosciences.net/special_issue87.html; published in Biogeosciences Discussion: 12 May 2011, http://www.biogeosciences-discuss.net/8/4603/2011/bgd-8-4603-2011.html; accessed in Oct., 2012 N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; atmospheric transport; Ball-Woodrow-Berry model; biomes; biosphere; boundary conditions; C-13; C-13/C-12; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; Colorado; correlation coefficient; ecosystems; geochemical cycle; humidity; isotope ratios; isotopes; land use; Leuning model; Niwot Ridge Colorado; nonpoint sources; pressure; seasonal variations; stable isotopes; statistical analysis; stomata; terrestrial environment; transport; troposphere; United States; vegetation; water vapor; Weld County Colorado ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sea-ice monitoring over the Caspian Sea using geostationary satellite data AN - 1689590717; 2015-053113 JF - International Journal of Remote Sensing AU - Temimi, Marouane AU - Romanov, Peter AU - Ghedira, Hosni AU - Khanbilvardi, Reza AU - Smith, Kim Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 1575 EP - 1593 PB - Taylor & Francis, London VL - 32 IS - 6 SN - 0143-1161, 0143-1161 KW - imagery KW - sea water KW - monitoring KW - sea ice KW - statistical analysis KW - mapping KW - satellite methods KW - correlation coefficient KW - Interactive Multisensor Snow and Ice Mapping System KW - ice KW - Caspian Sea KW - neural networks KW - algorithms KW - remote sensing KW - MODIS KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1689590717?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Remote+Sensing&rft.atitle=Sea-ice+monitoring+over+the+Caspian+Sea+using+geostationary+satellite+data&rft.au=Temimi%2C+Marouane%3BRomanov%2C+Peter%3BGhedira%2C+Hosni%3BKhanbilvardi%2C+Reza%3BSmith%2C+Kim&rft.aulast=Temimi&rft.aufirst=Marouane&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1575&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Remote+Sensing&rft.issn=01431161&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F01431160903578820 L2 - http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/01431161.asp LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; Caspian Sea; correlation coefficient; ice; imagery; Interactive Multisensor Snow and Ice Mapping System; mapping; MODIS; monitoring; neural networks; remote sensing; satellite methods; sea ice; sea water; statistical analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431160903578820 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temperature and sunlight controls of mercury oxidation and deposition atop the Greenland ice sheet AN - 1686061797; 2015-050199 AB - We conducted the first ever mercury speciation measurements atop the Greenland ice sheet at Summit Station (Latitude 72.6 degrees N, Longitude 38.5 degrees W, Altitude 3200 m) in the Spring and Summer of 2007 and 2008. These measurements were part of the collaborative Greenland Summit Halogen-HO (sub x) experiment (GSHOX) campaigns investigating the importance of halogen chemistry in this remote environment. Significant levels of BrO (1-5 pptv) in the near surface air were often accompanied by diurnal dips in gaseous elemental mercury (GEM), and in-situ production of reactive gaseous mercury (RGM). While halogen (i.e. Br) chemistry is normally associated with marine boundary layers, at Summit, Greenland, far from any marine source, we have conclusively detected bromine and mercury chemistry in the near surface air. The likely fate of the formed mercury-bromine radical (HgBr) is further oxidation to stable RGM (HgBr (sub 2) , HgBrOH, HgBrCl...), or thermal decomposition. These fates appear to be controlled by the availability of Br, OH, Cl, etc. to produce RGM (Hg(II)), versus the lifetime of HgBr by thermal dissociation. At Summit, the production of RGM appears to require a sun elevation angle of >5 degrees, and an air temperature of >-15 degrees C. Possibly the availability of Br, controlled by photolysis J(Br (sub 2) ), requires a sun angle >5 degrees, while the formation of RGM from HgBr requires a temperature >-15 degrees C. A portion of the deposited RGM is readily photoreduced and re-emitted to the air as GEM. However, a very small fraction becomes buried at depth. Extrapolating core samples from Summit to the entire Greenland ice sheet, we calculate an estimated net annual sequestration of approximately 13 metric tons Hg per year, buried long-term under the sunlit photoreduction zone. JF - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics AU - Brooks, Steve Barron AU - Moore, C AU - Lew, Daniel AU - Lefer, B AU - Huey, G AU - Tanner, D Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 8295 EP - 8306 PB - Copernicus, Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 11 IS - 16 SN - 1680-7316, 1680-7316 KW - bromine monoxide KW - halogens KW - Greenland ice sheet KW - climate change KW - temperature KW - Greenland KW - ozone KW - chemical reactions KW - snow KW - climate effects KW - particulate materials KW - diurnal variations KW - geochemistry KW - mercury KW - chlorine KW - extrapolation KW - Summit Greenland KW - gaseous phase KW - Arctic region KW - oxidation KW - statistical analysis KW - photochemistry KW - atmosphere KW - bromine KW - correlation coefficient KW - deposition KW - photolysis KW - metals KW - solar radiation KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1686061797?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Detection+of+Asian+dust+in+California+orographic+precipitation&rft.au=Ault%2C+Andrew+P%3BWilliams%2C+Christopher+R%3BWhite%2C+Allen+B%3BNeiman%2C+Paul+J%3BCreamean%2C+Jessie+M%3BGaston%2C+Cassandra+J%3BRalph%2C+F+Martin%3BPrather%2C+Kimberly+A&rft.aulast=Ault&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=D16&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010JD015351 L2 - http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/11/8295/2011/acp-11-8295-2011.pdf http://www.atmospheric-chemistry-and-physics.net/home.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Copernicus Gesellschaft, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Part of special issue no. 211, Radical chemistry over sunlit snow; interactions between HOx and halogen chemistry at Summit, Greenland, edited by Dibb, J., et al., http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/special_issue211.html; published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussion: 1 February 2011, http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/11/3663/2011/acpd-11-3663-2011.html ; accessed in Dec., 2012 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arctic region; atmosphere; bromine; bromine monoxide; chemical reactions; chlorine; climate change; climate effects; correlation coefficient; deposition; diurnal variations; extrapolation; gaseous phase; geochemistry; Greenland; Greenland ice sheet; halogens; mercury; metals; oxidation; ozone; particulate materials; photochemistry; photolysis; snow; solar radiation; statistical analysis; Summit Greenland; temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Controls on the movement and composition of firn air at the West Antarctic ice sheet divide AN - 1676578631; 2015-036852 AB - We sampled interstitial air from the perennial snowpack (firn) at a site near the West Antarctic Ice Sheet Divide (WAIS-D) and analyzed the air samples for a wide variety of gas species and their isotopes. We find limited convective influence (1.4-5.2 m, depending on detection method) in the shallow firn, gravitational enrichment of heavy species throughout the diffusive column in general agreement with theoretical expectations, a approximately 10 m thick lock-in zone beginning at approximately 67 m, and a total firn thickness consistent with predictions of Kaspers et al. (2004). Our modeling work shows that the air has an age spread (spectral width) of 4.8 yr for CO (sub 2) at the firn-ice transition. We also find that advection of firn air due to the 22 cm yr (super -1) ice-equivalent accumulation rate has a minor impact on firn air composition, causing changes that are comparable to other modeling uncertainties and intrinsic sample variability. Furthermore, estimates of Delta age (the gas age/ice age difference) at WAIS-D appear to be largely unaffected by bubble closure above the lock-in zone. Within the lock-in zone, small gas species and their isotopes show evidence of size-dependent fractionation due to permeation through the ice lattice with a size threshold of 0.36 nm, as at other sites. We also see an unequivocal and unprecedented signal of oxygen isotope fractionation within the lock-in zone, which we interpret as the mass-dependent expression of a size-dependent fractionation process. JF - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics AU - Battle, M O AU - Severinghaus, J P AU - Sofen, Eric D AU - Plotkin, D AU - Orsi, A J AU - Aydin, M AU - Montzka, S A AU - Sowers, T AU - Tans, P P Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 11007 EP - 11021 PB - Copernicus, Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 11 IS - 21 SN - 1680-7316, 1680-7316 KW - isotope fractionation KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - stable isotopes KW - temperature KW - nitrogen KW - carbon dioxide KW - modern KW - transport KW - noble gases KW - neon KW - ice KW - movement KW - age KW - West Antarctic ice sheet KW - composition KW - absolute age KW - velocity KW - thickness KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Ar/Ar KW - concentration KW - ice cores KW - methane KW - firn KW - nitrous oxide KW - bubbles KW - N-15 KW - alkanes KW - porosity KW - depth KW - South Pole KW - size KW - gases KW - Antarctic ice sheet KW - organic compounds KW - Antarctica KW - atmospheric transport KW - O-18 KW - hydrocarbons KW - atmospheric pressure KW - Siple Dome KW - air KW - permeability KW - Marie Byrd Land KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1676578631?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Summer+blooms+of+diatom-diazotroph+assemblages+and+surface+chlorophyll+in+the+North+Pacific+gyre%3B+a+disconnect&rft.au=Villareal%2C+Tracy+A%3BAdornato%2C+Lori%3BWilson%2C+Cara%3BSchoenbaechler%2C+Caimee+A&rft.aulast=Villareal&rft.aufirst=Tracy&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=C3&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010JC006268 L2 - http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/11/11007/2011/acp-11-11007-2011.pdf http://www.atmospheric-chemistry-and-physics.net/home.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Copernicus Gesellschaft, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; age; air; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Antarctic ice sheet; Antarctica; Ar/Ar; atmospheric pressure; atmospheric transport; bubbles; carbon dioxide; chemical fractionation; composition; concentration; depth; firn; gases; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; ice; ice cores; isotope fractionation; isotopes; Marie Byrd Land; methane; modern; movement; N-15; neon; nitrogen; nitrous oxide; noble gases; O-18; organic compounds; oxygen; permeability; porosity; Siple Dome; size; South Pole; stable isotopes; temperature; thickness; transport; velocity; West Antarctic ice sheet ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tributyltin and the obesogen metabolic syndrome in a salmonid AN - 1671535460; 14361555 AB - We conducted a dietary feeding study with juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) to assess the potential for tributyltin (TBT) to elicit the obesogen response that has been described for mammals. The results show increases in whole-body lipid content, which is consistent with the obesogen response; however, we also observed associated parameters that were dissimilar. We found increases in body mass and alterations to several physiological parameters at doses between 0.4 and 3.5ng/g fish/day (1.4-12pmol/g fish/day) and reduced body mass at the highest dose after 55 days of exposure. Lipid related plasma parameters (plasma triacylglycerols, cholesterol, and lipase) exhibited monotonic increases over all doses while other values (glucose and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)) exhibited increases only for the low-dose treatments. The increases noted for several parameters in fish were opposite to those reported for the obesogen metabolic syndrome, which is characterized by a reduction in serum glucose, free fatty acids, and triglycerides. This is the first report of growth stimulation resulting from low-dose exposure to this pesticide, which is an unusual response for any animal exposed to an organic or organometallic xenobiotic. Because a number of environmental contaminants act as metabolic disruptors at very low doses, these results are noteworthy for a variety of species. Intuitively, enhanced growth and lipid storage may appear beneficial; however, for salmonids there are numerous potentially negative consequences for populations. a-[ordm The obesogen metabolic syndrome was studied in juvenile salmon exposed to tributyltin. a-[ordm TBT enhanced lipid content, body mass and altered plasma lipids, enzymes, and IGF. a-[ordm Growth was inhibited at high doses resulting in a hormetic dose-response pattern. a-[ordm Many of the obesogen results are opposite to those shown for mammals. a-[ordm Toxicant enhanced growth may not be advantageous for juvenile fish. JF - Environmental Research AU - Meador, James P AU - Sommers, Frank C AU - Cooper, Kathleen A AU - Yanagida, Gladys AD - Ecotoxicology and Environmental Fish Health Program, Environmental Conservation Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, 2725 Montlake Blvd. East, Seattle, WA 98112, USA Y1 - 2011/01// PY - 2011 DA - January 2011 SP - 50 EP - 56 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 111 IS - 1 SN - 0013-9351, 0013-9351 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Metabolic disruptor KW - Obesogen KW - Tributyltin KW - Plasma chemistry KW - Hormesis KW - Fish growth KW - Lipids KW - Salmon KW - Mammals KW - Exposure KW - Glucose KW - Enzymes KW - Fish KW - Salmonids UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1671535460?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=Tributyltin+and+the+obesogen+metabolic+syndrome+in+a+salmonid&rft.au=Meador%2C+James+P%3BSommers%2C+Frank+C%3BCooper%2C+Kathleen+A%3BYanagida%2C+Gladys&rft.aulast=Meador&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=50&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research&rft.issn=00139351&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.envres.2010.11.012 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2010.11.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global dust model intercomparison in AeroCom phase I AN - 1641012956; 2015-000431 AB - This study presents the results of a broad intercomparison of a total of 15 global aerosol models within the AeroCom project. Each model is compared to observations related to desert dust aerosols, their direct radiative effect, and their impact on the biogeochemical cycle, i.e., aerosol optical depth (AOD) and dust deposition. Additional comparisons to Angstroem exponent (AE), coarse mode AOD and dust surface concentrations are included to extend the assessment of model performance and to identify common biases present in models. These data comprise a benchmark dataset that is proposed for model inspection and future dust model development. There are large differences among the global models that simulate the dust cycle and its impact on climate. In general, models simulate the climatology of vertically integrated parameters (AOD and AE) within a factor of two whereas the total deposition and surface concentration are reproduced within a factor of 10. In addition, smaller mean normalized bias and root mean square errors are obtained for the climatology of AOD and AE than for total deposition and surface concentration. Characteristics of the datasets used and their uncertainties may influence these differences. Large uncertainties still exist with respect to the deposition fluxes in the southern oceans. Further measurements and model studies are necessary to assess the general model performance to reproduce dust deposition in ocean regions sensible to iron contributions. Models overestimate the wet deposition in regions dominated by dry deposition. They generally simulate more realistic surface concentration at stations downwind of the main sources than at remote ones. Most models simulate the gradient in AOD and AE between the different dusty regions. However the seasonality and magnitude of both variables is better simulated at African stations than Middle East ones. The models simulate the offshore transport of West Africa throughout the year but they overestimate the AOD and they transport too fine particles. The models also reproduce the dust transport across the Atlantic in the summer in terms of both AOD and AE but not so well in winter-spring nor the southward displacement of the dust cloud that is responsible of the dust transport into South America. Based on the dependency of AOD on aerosol burden and size distribution we use model bias with respect to AOD and AE to infer the bias of the dust emissions in Africa and the Middle East. According to this analysis we suggest that a range of possible emissions for North Africa is 400 to 2200 Tg yr (super -1) and in the Middle East 26 to 526 Tg yr (super -1) . JF - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics AU - Huneeus, Nicolas AU - Schulz, Michael AU - Balkanski, Y AU - Griesfeller, J AU - Prospero, J AU - Kinne, S AU - Bauer, S AU - Boucher, O AU - Chin, Mian AU - Dentener, Frank AU - Diehl, T AU - Easter, R AU - Fillmore, D AU - Ghan, S AU - Ginoux, P AU - Grini, A AU - Horowitz, Larry AU - Koch, Dorothy AU - Krol, M C AU - Landing, W AU - Liu, Xiaohong AU - Mahowald, N AU - Miller, R AU - Morcrette, J J AU - Myhre, G AU - Penner, J AU - Perlwitz, J AU - Stier, P AU - Takemura, Toshihiko AU - Zender, C S Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 7781 EP - 7816 PB - Copernicus, Katlenburg-Lindau VL - 11 IS - 15 SN - 1680-7316, 1680-7316 KW - Southern Ocean KW - iron KW - carbon dioxide KW - spatial distribution KW - transport KW - sediments KW - climate effects KW - porphyrins KW - concentration KW - numerical models KW - clastic sediments KW - pigments KW - biochemistry KW - global KW - chlorophyll KW - nutrients KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - deposition KW - atmospheric transport KW - metals KW - dust KW - solar radiation KW - aerosols KW - seasonal variations KW - wind transport KW - optical depth KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1641012956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics&rft.atitle=Global+dust+model+intercomparison+in+AeroCom+phase+I&rft.au=Huneeus%2C+Nicolas%3BSchulz%2C+Michael%3BBalkanski%2C+Y%3BGriesfeller%2C+J%3BProspero%2C+J%3BKinne%2C+S%3BBauer%2C+S%3BBoucher%2C+O%3BChin%2C+Mian%3BDentener%2C+Frank%3BDiehl%2C+T%3BEaster%2C+R%3BFillmore%2C+D%3BGhan%2C+S%3BGinoux%2C+P%3BGrini%2C+A%3BHorowitz%2C+Larry%3BKoch%2C+Dorothy%3BKrol%2C+M+C%3BLanding%2C+W%3BLiu%2C+Xiaohong%3BMahowald%2C+N%3BMiller%2C+R%3BMorcrette%2C+J+J%3BMyhre%2C+G%3BPenner%2C+J%3BPerlwitz%2C+J%3BStier%2C+P%3BTakemura%2C+Toshihiko%3BZender%2C+C+S&rft.aulast=Huneeus&rft.aufirst=Nicolas&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=15&rft.spage=7781&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics&rft.issn=16807316&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/11/7781/2011/acp-11-7781-2011.pdf http://www.atmospheric-chemistry-and-physics.net/home.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Copernicus Gesellschaft, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 99 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Includes supplement, http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/11/7781/2011/acp-11-7781-2011-supplement. pdf; published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussion: 12 October 2010, http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/10/23781/2010/acpd-10-23781-2010. html; accessed in Dec. 2012 N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; Atlantic Ocean; atmospheric transport; biochemistry; carbon dioxide; chlorophyll; clastic sediments; climate effects; concentration; deposition; dust; global; iron; metals; models; numerical models; nutrients; optical depth; organic compounds; pigments; porphyrins; seasonal variations; sediments; solar radiation; Southern Ocean; spatial distribution; transport; wind transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Financial flows to developing and advanced countries: determinants and implications AN - 1531923296; 2011-613136 AB - Purpose -- The purpose of this paper is to establish a model to study the determinants of financial flows, portfolio and foreign direct investment (FDI) flows, and the impact of these determinants on economic variables in samples of developing and advanced countries. The analysis then turns to an evaluation of the effects of external flows on economic activity. Design/methodology/approach -- To that end, the paper follows a two-step procedure. First, the paper estimates a series of reduced-form equations in differenced form, using annual data, for the current and the financial account balances as well as important underlying components, using a number of macroeconomic indicators reflecting the state of the business cycle as explanatory variables. These include not only a measure of economic growth, but also other factors that vary cyclically, such as the exchange rate and energy prices. In addition, the paper examines the effect of positive and negative shocks to these and other cyclical variables on components of the balance of payments. Second, the results are summarized in three directions. First, cross-country correlations evaluate time-series co-movements between the current account balance and external flows with respect to major determinants of cyclicality across the samples of advanced and developing countries. Second, time-series regressions evaluate the direct effects of financial flows on the current account balance within the samples of developing and advanced countries. Third, cross-country regressions evaluate the impact of movements in trend and variability of financial flows on major economic indicators across the samples of developing and advanced countries. Findings -- The results are summarized in three directions. Across the samples of advanced and developing countries, the pervasive evidence highlights the negative correlation between the responses of the current account balance and the financial balance with respect to the various sources of cyclicality in the time-series model. Second, using time-series regressions the bulk of the evidence indicates that an increase in financial flows helps finance a widening current account deficit. Third, cross-country regressions evaluate the impact of movements in trend and variability of financial flows on major economic indicators across the samples of developing and advanced countries. While FDI flows appear significant in differentiating growth performance within and across developing countries, their effects appear to be limited on growth performance in advanced countries. Portfolio flows are more relevant, compared to FDI flows, to financing a wider current account deficit, both in developing and advanced countries. Originality/value -- Overall, the evidence presented in this paper establishes the importance of financial flows to external balances and macroeconomic performance within and across the samples of developing and advanced countries. In light of this evidence, macroeconomic policies should target a combination of external balances that can be easily financed by external inflows and align domestic policies to achieve the desired cyclicality in external balances, available financing, and macroeconomic performance. Adapted from the source document. JF - International Journal of Development Issues AU - Kandil, Magda AD - International Monetary Fund, Washington, DC, USA Egyptian Center for Economic Studies, Cairo, Egypt Y1 - 2011///0, PY - 2011 DA - 0, 2011 SP - 60 EP - 91 PB - Emerald Group Publishing Ltd., Bingley, UK VL - 10 IS - 1 SN - 1446-8956, 1446-8956 KW - Banking and public and private finance - Investments and securities KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic theory KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic research KW - Banking and public and private finance - International banking and finance and financial institutions KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions KW - Business and service sector - Business finance KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development KW - Balance of payments International investments Developing countries Industrial countries Macroeconomics KW - Economic indicators KW - Finance KW - Prices KW - Foreign exchange rates KW - Foreign investments KW - Economic policy KW - Economic development KW - Balance of payments KW - Macroeconomics KW - Business cycles KW - Developing countries KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1531923296?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Development+Issues&rft.atitle=Financial+flows+to+developing+and+advanced+countries%3A+determinants+and+implications&rft.au=Kandil%2C+Magda&rft.aulast=Kandil&rft.aufirst=Magda&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Development+Issues&rft.issn=14468956&rft_id=info:doi/10.1108%2F14468951111123337 L2 - http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?issn=1446-8956 LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2014-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Foreign investments; Developing countries; Macroeconomics; Economic indicators; Foreign exchange rates; Business cycles; Balance of payments; Finance; Prices; Economic development; Economic policy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14468951111123337 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Seismic and ground deformation patterns at Sierra Negra Volcano, Galapagos, Ecuador AN - 1438970276; 2013-074324 JF - AGU Chapman conference on the Galapagos as a laboratory for the earth sciences AU - Ruiz Paspuel, Andres G AU - Ruiz, Mario AU - Geist, Dennis AU - Chadwick, William AU - Richards, Mark A Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC KW - Global Positioning System KW - shallow-focus earthquakes KW - magmatism KW - Cerro Azul KW - East Pacific Ocean Islands KW - deformation KW - Sierra Negra KW - calderas KW - volcanic features KW - Canal Bolivar KW - Galapagos Islands KW - seismicity KW - volcanism KW - magmas KW - volcanoes KW - volcanic earthquakes KW - earthquakes KW - magma chambers KW - faults KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1438970276?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Ruiz+Paspuel%2C+Andres+G%3BRuiz%2C+Mario%3BGeist%2C+Dennis%3BChadwick%2C+William%3BRichards%2C+Mark+A&rft.aulast=Ruiz+Paspuel&rft.aufirst=Andres&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Seismic+and+ground+deformation+patterns+at+Sierra+Negra+Volcano%2C+Galapagos%2C+Ecuador&rft.title=Seismic+and+ground+deformation+patterns+at+Sierra+Negra+Volcano%2C+Galapagos%2C+Ecuador&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AGU Chapman conference on the Galapagos as a laboratory for the earth sciences N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-03 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spring-neap tidal effects on satellite ocean color observations in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, and East China Sea AN - 1429841388; 2013-068517 AB - Eight-year ocean color observations between 2002 and 2009 from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard the Aqua satellite are used to quantitatively assess the spring-neap tidal effects on variability of ocean optical and biogeochemical properties in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, and East China Sea. We demonstrate that spring-neap tidal variation is one of important ocean processes that drive both the synoptic-scale and mesoscale changes of the ocean optical, biological, and biogeochemical properties in the coastal region. Normalized water-leaving radiance spectra (nL (sub w) (lambda )), water diffuse attenuation coefficient at the wavelength of 490 nm (K (sub d) (490)), and total suspended matter (TSM) concentration show significant spring-neap variations in the coastal region within a lunar cycle of 29.53 days. In the open ocean, however, spring-neap tidal effects on ocean color data are negligible. The entire areal coverage of the turbid waters (K (sub d) (490) > 0.3 m (super -1) ) showing significant spring-neap tidal variations is approximately 4-5 X 10 (super 5) km (super 2) . Similar coverage of moderately turbid waters (0.1 < K (sub d) (490) < or = 0.3 m (super -1) ) is also impacted by the spring-neap tides. The magnitude of the spring-neap tidal effects on the variations of the satellite ocean color properties, e.g., K (sub d) (490) and TSM, is in the same order as the seasonal variations in the coastal region. Highest K (sub d) (490) and largest turbid water coverage lag the new moon (or full moon) about 2-3 days, while the lowest K (sub d) (490) and smallest turbid water coverage are also approximately 2-3 days behind the one-quarter (or three-quarter) moon. This is attributed to the seawater inertia and the friction against the seabed as well as the sediment resuspension process. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Shi, Wei AU - Wang, Menghua AU - Jiang, Lide Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation C12032 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 116 IS - C12 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - Yellow Sea KW - currents KW - East China Sea KW - Bohai Sea KW - ocean circulation KW - biochemistry KW - satellite methods KW - ocean currents KW - West Pacific KW - tides KW - optical properties KW - North Pacific KW - color KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Northwest Pacific KW - remote sensing KW - productivity KW - MODIS KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429841388?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Spring-neap+tidal+effects+on+satellite+ocean+color+observations+in+the+Bohai+Sea%2C+Yellow+Sea%2C+and+East+China+Sea&rft.au=Shi%2C+Wei%3BWang%2C+Menghua%3BJiang%2C+Lide&rft.aulast=Shi&rft.aufirst=Wei&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=C12&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2011JC007234 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; Bohai Sea; color; currents; East China Sea; MODIS; North Pacific; Northwest Pacific; ocean circulation; ocean currents; optical properties; Pacific Ocean; productivity; remote sensing; satellite methods; tides; West Pacific; Yellow Sea DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011JC007234 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A model-data study of the 1999 St. Lawrence Island polynya in the Bering Sea AN - 1429840075; 2013-068503 AB - A Coupled Ice Ocean Model (CIOM) and in situ measurements were used to investigate sea ice and the St. Lawrence Island polynya (SLIP) in the Bering Sea in 1999. The modeled 1999 seasonal cycle of ice cover compared well with satellite measurements. The simulated maximum sea ice coverage was approximately 0.8 X 10 (super 6) km (super 2) , and the simulated maximum sea ice volume was approximately 344 km (super 3) . The polynya south of St. Lawrence Island was captured by the CIOM and investigated in depth against the measurements. It was found that an offshore wind was necessary, but not sufficient on its own, for the development of the SLIP. It was found that a strong offshore wind, offshore surface water velocity, and the angle (<60 degrees ) between wind and water current are the three major factors for the development of the SLIP. Multiple-variable, linear regression models were developed to confirm these three mechanisms. Yearly potential sea ice production in the SLIP area was estimated to be about 95.7 km (super 3) , which accounts for 2.8% of the total potential production of 3393 km (super 3) in the whole Bering Sea. Sea ice contributes to approximately 63% of winter salinity changes in the Bering Shelf (<200 m), while the SLIP can contribute more than twice the local salinity changes. The relationships among wind, sea ice, and surface ocean current were examined. The classic Ekman drift theory (that surface water velocity drifts 45 degrees to the right of the wind direction) is modified to be 50.4 degrees on the ice-covered Bering Shelf due to the year-round existence of a background northward ocean transport. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Hu, Haoguo AU - Wang, Jia AU - Wang, Daoru Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation C12018 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 116 IS - C12 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - numerical models KW - ice cover thickness KW - sea ice KW - Bering Sea KW - ice cover KW - polynyas KW - salinity KW - Saint Lawrence Island KW - temperature KW - models KW - North Pacific KW - ice KW - Pacific Ocean KW - seasonal variations KW - ice cover distribution KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429840075?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=A+model-data+study+of+the+1999+St.+Lawrence+Island+polynya+in+the+Bering+Sea&rft.au=Hu%2C+Haoguo%3BWang%2C+Jia%3BWang%2C+Daoru&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Haoguo&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=C12&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2011JC007309 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bering Sea; ice; ice cover; ice cover distribution; ice cover thickness; models; North Pacific; numerical models; Pacific Ocean; polynyas; Saint Lawrence Island; salinity; sea ice; seasonal variations; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011JC007309 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On ocean and sea ice modes of variability in the Bering Sea AN - 1429839883; 2013-068519 AB - Results from a 35 year hindcast of northeast Pacific Ocean conditions are confronted with observational data collected over the Bering Sea shelf within the integration time period. Rotary power spectra of the hindcast currents near NOAA mooring site M2 site fall within the 95% confidence bounds for the observational spectra, except for a high bias in the counter-clockwise rotating component at 10 m depth in the high frequencies (periods <24 h). The model exhibits the most skill in reproducing anomalies of the integrated annual sea ice concentration and monthly subsurface (60 m depth) temperature fields, accounting for 85% and 50% of their observed variability. Analysis of the integrated ice concentration time series reveals evolution in the mean duration of ice-free waters (40 year trend of +6.8 days/decade) and changes in this parameter's variance with time. Correlation and empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analyses reveal the primary temporal-spatial patterns of variability in the temperature and salinity fields over the Bering Sea and northern Gulf of Alaska for near-surface (0-20 m) and subsurface (40-100 m) depth layers. Correlation analysis between the EOF principal components and various climate index and observed time series shows that the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, the North Pacific Gyre Oscillation, and the Bering Sea annually integrated ice area anomalies are important indices of thermohaline variability; the spatial structures of these modes give insight to their potential impacts upon the ecosystem. We identify a number of ecologically and economically important species whose temporal variability is significantly correlated with the identified spatial patterns. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Danielson, Seth AU - Curchitser, Enrique AU - Hedstrom, Kate AU - Weingartner, Thomas AU - Stabeno, Phyllis Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation C12034 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 116 IS - C12 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - currents KW - ocean circulation KW - monthly variations KW - sea ice KW - Bering Sea KW - ice cover KW - salinity KW - ocean currents KW - temperature KW - thermohaline circulation KW - North Pacific KW - ice KW - Pacific Ocean KW - ice cover distribution KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429839883?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=A+model-data+study+of+the+1999+St.+Lawrence+Island+polynya+in+the+Bering+Sea&rft.au=Hu%2C+Haoguo%3BWang%2C+Jia%3BWang%2C+Daoru&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Haoguo&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=C12&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2011JC007309 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Supplemental information/data is available in the online version of this article N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bering Sea; currents; ice; ice cover; ice cover distribution; monthly variations; North Pacific; ocean circulation; ocean currents; Pacific Ocean; salinity; sea ice; temperature; thermohaline circulation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011JC007389 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sensitivity of the North Atlantic ocean circulation to an abrupt change in the Nordic Sea overflow in a high resolution global coupled climate model AN - 1429839766; 2013-068509 AB - The sensitivity of the North Atlantic Ocean Circulation to an abrupt change in the Nordic Sea overflow is investigated for the first time using a high resolution eddy-permitting global coupled ocean-atmosphere model (GFDL CM2.5). The Nordic Sea overflow is perturbed through the change of the bathymetry in GFDL CM2.5. We analyze the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) adjustment process and the downstream oceanic response to the perturbation. The results suggest that north of 34 degrees N, AMOC changes induced by changes in the Nordic Sea overflow propagate on the slow tracer advection timescale, instead of the fast Kelvin wave timescale, resulting in a time lead of several years between subpolar and subtropical AMOC changes. The results also show that a stronger and deeper-penetrating Nordic Sea overflow leads to stronger and deeper AMOC, stronger northward ocean heat transport, reduced Labrador Sea deep convection, stronger cyclonic Northern Recirculation Gyre (NRG), westward shift of the North Atlantic Current (NAC) and southward shift of the Gulf Stream, warmer sea surface temperature (SST) east of Newfoundland and colder SST south of the Grand Banks, stronger and deeper NAC and Gulf Stream, and stronger oceanic eddy activities along the NAC and the Gulf Stream paths. A stronger/weaker Nordic Sea overflow also leads to a contracted/expanded subpolar gyre (SPG). This sensitivity study points to the important role of the Nordic Sea overflow in the large scale North Atlantic ocean circulation, and it is crucial for climate models to have a correct representation of the Nordic Sea overflow. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Zhang, Rong AU - Delworth, Thomas L AU - Rosati, Anthony AU - Anderson, Whit G AU - Dixon, Keith W AU - Lee, Hyun-Chul AU - Zeng, Fanrong Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation C12024 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 116 IS - C12 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - currents KW - ocean circulation KW - Norwegian Sea KW - salinity KW - ocean currents KW - climate change KW - thermohaline circulation KW - hydrographs KW - eddies KW - climate effects KW - Arctic Ocean KW - bathymetry KW - sea-surface temperature KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1429839766?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Sensitivity+of+the+North+Atlantic+ocean+circulation+to+an+abrupt+change+in+the+Nordic+Sea+overflow+in+a+high+resolution+global+coupled+climate+model&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Rong%3BDelworth%2C+Thomas+L%3BRosati%2C+Anthony%3BAnderson%2C+Whit+G%3BDixon%2C+Keith+W%3BLee%2C+Hyun-Chul%3BZeng%2C+Fanrong&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Rong&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=C12&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2011JC007240 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arctic Ocean; Atlantic Ocean; bathymetry; climate change; climate effects; currents; eddies; hydrographs; North Atlantic; Norwegian Sea; ocean circulation; ocean currents; salinity; sea-surface temperature; thermohaline circulation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011JC007240 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationship between anomalies of Eurasian snow and southern China rainfall in winter AN - 1366814695; 2013-046597 AB - Characteristics of the snow water equivalent (SWE) over high-latitude Eurasia and its relation with precipitation in China during January, February and March (JFM) are investigated. The JFM Eurasian SWE exhibited a decadal downward shift in the late 1990s, marked by a frequently positive phase in 1979-98 and a negative phase afterward. The decadal shift corresponds to anomalous northeasterly flow over southeastern China. Consequently, warm and moist airflow from tropical oceans is weakened, accompanied by reduced rainfall over southeastern China. The US National Centers for the Environmental Prediction Climate Forecast System (CFS) capture both the interannual variation and the decreasing trend of JFM Eurasian SWE reasonably well for several months in advance. The relationship between Eurasian SWE and southeastern China rainfall is also captured by the CFS in the prediction. Copyright IOP Publishing Ltd JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Zuo, Zhiyan AU - Yang, Song AU - Wang, Wanqiu AU - Kumar, Arun AU - Xue, Yan AU - Zhang, Renhe Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation 045402 PB - Institute of Physics and IOP Publishing, Bristol VL - 6 IS - 4 KW - hydrology KW - decadal variations KW - Far East KW - southern China KW - time series analysis KW - snow water equivalent KW - rainfall KW - statistical analysis KW - U. S. National Center for Environmental Prediction KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - anomalies KW - Climate Forecast System KW - snow KW - Eurasia KW - seasonal variations KW - Asia KW - climate KW - China KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1366814695?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Relationship+between+anomalies+of+Eurasian+snow+and+southern+China+rainfall+in+winter&rft.au=Zuo%2C+Zhiyan%3BYang%2C+Song%3BWang%2C+Wanqiu%3BKumar%2C+Arun%3BXue%2C+Yan%3BZhang%2C+Renhe&rft.aulast=Zuo&rft.aufirst=Zhiyan&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=1748-9326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F6%2F4%2F045402 L2 - http://iopscience.iop.org/1748-9326 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by IOP Publishing Ltd., London, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anomalies; Asia; atmospheric precipitation; China; climate; Climate Forecast System; decadal variations; Eurasia; Far East; hydrology; rainfall; seasonal variations; snow; snow water equivalent; southern China; statistical analysis; time series analysis; U. S. National Center for Environmental Prediction DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/6/4/045402 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Bayesian assessment of the conservation status of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the western South Atlantic Ocean AN - 1323807786; 17832887 AB - The population of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) wintering off the eastern coast of South America is referred to by the International Whaling Commission as Breeding Stock A (BSA). This population was heavily exploited in 20th century modern commercial whaling operations. After more than 30 years of protection, its present status remains unknown. A deterministic sex and age-aggregated population dynamics model was used to estimate the pre-exploitation population size (K), the maximum net recruitment rate (r sub(max)), the maximum depletion level (N sub(min)/K), and other quantities of interest of BSA. Input data included modern whaling catch series, absolute estimates of abundance, observed growth rates and indices of relative abundance. A Bayesian statistical method was used to calculate probability distributions for the model parameters. Prior distributions were set on r sub(max) - an uninformative (Uniform [0,0.106]) and an informative (Normal [0.067, 0.04 super(2)]) - and on the population size in 2005 - N sub(2005) (Uniform [500 super(max),22,000]). A total of 10,000 samples were used to compute the joint posterior distribution of the model parameters using the Sampling-Importance-Resampling algorithm. Sensitivity of model outputs to the priors on r sub(max), a genetic constraint, data inclusion and catch allocation scenarios was investigated. Medians of the posterior probability distributions of quantities of interest for the base case scenario were: r sub(max) = 0.069 (95% probability intervals [PI] = 0.013-0.104), K = 24,558 (95% PI = 22,791-31,118), N sub(min)/K = 2% (PI = 0.31%-12.5%), N sub(2006)/K = 27.4% (PI = 18.3%-39.5%), N sub(2020)/K = 61.8% (PI = 23.8%-88.6%), and N sub(2040)/K = 97.3% (PI = 31.6%-99.9%). Despite apparent recovery in the past three decades, the western South Atlantic humpback whale population is still low relative to its pre-exploitation size and requires continued conservation efforts. JF - Journal of cetacean research and management. Special issue AU - Zerbini, AN AU - Ward, E J AU - Kinas, P G AU - Engel, M H AU - Andriolo, A AD - School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195-5050 USA, alex.zerbini@noaa.gov Y1 - 2011///0, PY - 2011 DA - 0, 2011 SP - 131 EP - 144 VL - 3 SN - 1561-073X, 1561-073X KW - Humpback whale KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Growth rate KW - Marine KW - Mathematical models KW - Overwintering KW - Resource conservation KW - Quantitative distribution KW - Recruitment KW - Stock assessment KW - AS, South Atlantic KW - Megaptera novaeangliae KW - Catch statistics KW - Population dynamics KW - Genetics KW - ASW, South America KW - Marine mammals KW - Depleted stocks KW - Exploitation KW - Cetacea KW - Brood stocks KW - Whaling KW - Population number KW - Modelling KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1323807786?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+cetacean+research+and+management.+Special+issue&rft.atitle=A+Bayesian+assessment+of+the+conservation+status+of+humpback+whales+%28Megaptera+novaeangliae%29+in+the+western+South+Atlantic+Ocean&rft.au=Zerbini%2C+AN%3BWard%2C+E+J%3BKinas%2C+P+G%3BEngel%2C+M+H%3BAndriolo%2C+A&rft.aulast=Zerbini&rft.aufirst=AN&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+cetacean+research+and+management.+Special+issue&rft.issn=1561073X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://iwc.int/home LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-04-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Physical medium: Printed matter; Humpback whales: Status in the Southern Hemisphere; Publisher homepage N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Mathematical models; Quantitative distribution; Resource conservation; Overwintering; Stock assessment; Recruitment; Catch statistics; Population dynamics; Genetics; Marine mammals; Depleted stocks; Exploitation; Brood stocks; Whaling; Modelling; Population number; Megaptera novaeangliae; Cetacea; ASW, South America; AS, South Atlantic; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A USANS/GP-SANS study of the accessibility of pores in gas shale to methane, water, and brine AN - 1316374451; 2013-026251 JF - Abstracts and Program - Society for Organic Petrology. Meeting AU - Ruppert, Leslie F AU - Sakurovs, Richard AU - Blach, Tomasz P AU - Mildner, David F R AU - He, Lilin AU - Melnichenko, Yuri B Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 69 PB - The=Society for Organic Petrology (TSOP), [location varies] VL - 28 SN - 1060-7250, 1060-7250 KW - United States KW - Mississippian KW - horizontal drilling KW - neutron methods KW - natural gas KW - Barnett Shale KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - petroleum KW - production KW - laboratory studies KW - sedimentary rocks KW - directional drilling KW - drilling KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - methane KW - Paleozoic KW - Carboniferous KW - optimization KW - porous materials KW - gas shale KW - alkanes KW - porosity KW - measurement KW - organic compounds KW - brines KW - neutron diffraction data KW - hydrocarbons KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1316374451?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+and+Program+-+Society+for+Organic+Petrology.+Meeting&rft.atitle=A+USANS%2FGP-SANS+study+of+the+accessibility+of+pores+in+gas+shale+to+methane%2C+water%2C+and+brine&rft.au=Ruppert%2C+Leslie+F%3BSakurovs%2C+Richard%3BBlach%2C+Tomasz+P%3BMildner%2C+David+F+R%3BHe%2C+Lilin%3BMelnichenko%2C+Yuri+B&rft.aulast=Ruppert&rft.aufirst=Leslie&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+and+Program+-+Society+for+Organic+Petrology.+Meeting&rft.issn=10607250&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Twenty-eighth annual meeting of the Society for Organic Petrology N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Last updated - 2013-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Barnett Shale; brines; Carboniferous; concentration; directional drilling; drilling; experimental studies; gas shale; horizontal drilling; hydraulic fracturing; hydrocarbons; laboratory studies; measurement; methane; Mississippian; natural gas; neutron diffraction data; neutron methods; optimization; organic compounds; Paleozoic; petroleum; porosity; porous materials; production; sedimentary rocks; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ measurements of tropospheric volcanic plumes in Ecuador and Colombia during TC (super 4) AN - 1312836737; 2013-022514 AB - A NASA DC-8 research aircraft penetrated tropospheric gas and aerosol plumes sourced from active volcanoes in Ecuador and Colombia during the Tropical Composition, Cloud and Climate Coupling (TC (super 4) ) mission in July-August 2007. The likely source volcanoes were Tungurahua (Ecuador) and Nevado del Huila (Colombia). The TC (super 4) data provide rare insight into the chemistry of volcanic plumes in the tropical troposphere and permit a comparison of SO (sub 2) column amounts measured by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on the Aura satellite with in situ SO (sub 2) measurements. Elevated concentrations of SO (sub 2) , sulfate aerosol, and particles were measured by DC-8 instrumentation in volcanic outflow at altitudes of 3-6 km. Estimated plume ages range from approximately 2 h at Huila to approximately 22-48 h downwind of Ecuador. The plumes contained sulfate-rich accumulation mode particles that were variably neutralized and often highly acidic. A significant fraction of supermicron volcanic ash was evident in one plume. In-plume O (sub 3) concentrations were approximately 70%-80% of ambient levels downwind of Ecuador, but data are insufficient to ascribe this to O (sub 3) depletion via reactive halogen chemistry. The TC (super 4) data record rapid cloud processing of the Huila volcanic plume involving aqueous-phase oxidation of SO (sub 2) by H (sub 2) O (sub 2) , but overall the data suggest average in-plume SO (sub 2) to sulfate conversion rates of approximately 1%-2% h (super -1) . SO (sub 2) column amounts measured in the Tungurahua plume ( approximately 0.1-0.2 Dobson units) are commensurate with average SO (sub 2) columns retrieved from OMI measurements in the volcanic outflow region in July 2007. The TC (super 4) data set provides further evidence of the impact of volcanic emissions on tropospheric acidity and oxidizing capacity. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Carn, S A AU - Froyd, K D AU - Anderson, B E AU - Wennberg, P AU - Crounse, J AU - Spencer, K AU - Dibb, J E AU - Krotkov, N A AU - Browell, E V AU - Hair, J W AU - Diskin, G AU - Sachse, G AU - Vay, S A Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation D00J24 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 116 IS - D SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - sulfur dioxide KW - Andes KW - plumes KW - monitoring KW - Ecuador KW - atmosphere KW - troposphere KW - Colombia KW - Tungurahua KW - South America KW - ozone KW - volcanism KW - eruptions KW - volcanoes KW - aerosols KW - chemical composition KW - pH KW - Nevado del Huila KW - airborne methods KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312836737?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=In+situ+measurements+of+tropospheric+volcanic+plumes+in+Ecuador+and+Colombia+during+TC+%28super+4%29&rft.au=Carn%2C+S+A%3BFroyd%2C+K+D%3BAnderson%2C+B+E%3BWennberg%2C+P%3BCrounse%2C+J%3BSpencer%2C+K%3BDibb%2C+J+E%3BKrotkov%2C+N+A%3BBrowell%2C+E+V%3BHair%2C+J+W%3BDiskin%2C+G%3BSachse%2C+G%3BVay%2C+S+A&rft.aulast=Carn&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=D&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010JD014718 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; airborne methods; Andes; atmosphere; chemical composition; Colombia; Ecuador; eruptions; monitoring; Nevado del Huila; ozone; pH; plumes; South America; sulfur dioxide; troposphere; Tungurahua; volcanism; volcanoes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JD014718 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The community Noah land surface model with multiparameterization options (Noah-MP); 2, Evaluation over global river basins AN - 1312835779; 2013-022701 AB - The augmented Noah land surface model described in the first part of the two-part series was evaluated here over global river basins. Across various climate zones, global-scale tests can reveal a model's weaknesses and strengths that a local-scale testing cannot. In addition, global-scale tests are more challenging than local- and catchment-scale tests. Given constant model parameters (e. g., runoff parameters) across global river basins, global-scale tests are more stringent. We assessed model performance against various satellite and ground-based observations over global river basins through six experiments that mimic a transition from the original Noah LSM to the fully augmented version. The model shows transitional improvements in modeling runoff, soil moisture, snow, and skin temperature, despite considerable increase in computational time by the fully augmented Noah-MP version compared to the original Noah LSM. The dynamic vegetation model favorably captures seasonal and spatial variability of leaf area index and green vegetation fraction. We also conducted 36 ensemble experiments with 36 combinations of optional schemes for runoff, leaf dynamics, stomatal resistance, and the beta factor. Runoff schemes play a dominant and different role in controlling soil moisture and its relationship with evapotranspiration compared to ecological processes such as the beta factor, vegetation dynamics, and stomatal resistance. The 36-member ensemble mean of runoff performs better than any single member over the world's 50 largest river basins, suggesting a great potential of land-based ensemble simulations for climate prediction. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Yang, Zong-Liang AU - Niu, Guo-Yue AU - Mitchell, Kenneth E AU - Chen, Fei AU - Ek, Michael B AU - Barlage, Michael AU - Longuevergne, Laurent AU - Manning, Kevin AU - Niyogi, Dev AU - Tewari, Mukul AU - Xia, Youlong Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation D12110 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 116 IS - D12 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - permafrost KW - water balance KW - vegetation KW - satellite methods KW - climate change KW - models KW - climate effects KW - basins KW - geomorphology KW - frozen ground KW - remote sensing KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312835779?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=The+community+Noah+land+surface+model+with+multiparameterization+options+%28Noah-MP%29%3B+2%2C+Evaluation+over+global+river+basins&rft.au=Yang%2C+Zong-Liang%3BNiu%2C+Guo-Yue%3BMitchell%2C+Kenneth+E%3BChen%2C+Fei%3BEk%2C+Michael+B%3BBarlage%2C+Michael%3BLonguevergne%2C+Laurent%3BManning%2C+Kevin%3BNiyogi%2C+Dev%3BTewari%2C+Mukul%3BXia%2C+Youlong&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Zong-Liang&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=D12&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010JD015140 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - basins; climate change; climate effects; frozen ground; geomorphology; hydrology; models; permafrost; remote sensing; satellite methods; soils; vegetation; water balance DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JD015140 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The community Noah land surface model with multiparameterization options (Noah-MP); 1, Model description and evaluation with local-scale measurements AN - 1312835767; 2013-022700 AB - This first paper of the two-part series describes the objectives of the community efforts in improving the Noah land surface model (LSM), documents, through mathematical formulations, the augmented conceptual realism in biophysical and hydrological processes, and introduces a framework for multiple options to parameterize selected processes (Noah-MP). The Noah-MP's performance is evaluated at various local sites using high temporal frequency data sets, and results show the advantages of using multiple optional schemes to interpret the differences in modeling simulations. The second paper focuses on ensemble evaluations with long-term regional (basin) and global scale data sets. The enhanced conceptual realism includes (1) the vegetation canopy energy balance, (2) the layered snowpack, (3) frozen soil and infiltration, (4) soil moisture-groundwater interaction and related runoff production, and (5) vegetation phenology. Sample local-scale validations are conducted over the First International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project (ISLSCP) Field Experiment (FIFE) site, the W3 catchment of Sleepers River, Vermont, and a French snow observation site. Noah-MP shows apparent improvements in reproducing surface fluxes, skin temperature over dry periods, snow water equivalent (SWE), snow depth, and runoff over Noah LSM version 3.0. Noah-MP improves the SWE simulations due to more accurate simulations of the diurnal variations of the snow skin temperature, which is critical for computing available energy for melting. Noah-MP also improves the simulation of runoff peaks and timing by introducing a more permeable frozen soil and more accurate simulation of snowmelt. We also demonstrate that Noah-MP is an effective research tool by which modeling results for a given process can be interpreted through multiple optional parameterization schemes in the same model framework. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Niu, Guo-Yue AU - Yang, Zong-Liang AU - Mitchell, Kenneth E AU - Chen, Fei AU - Ek, Michael B AU - Barlage, Michael AU - Kumar, Anil AU - Manning, Kevin AU - Niyogi, Dev AU - Rosero, Enrique AU - Tewari, Mukul AU - Xia, Youlong Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation D12109 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 116 IS - D12 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - land cover KW - permafrost KW - snow cover KW - snow water equivalent KW - vegetation KW - energy balance KW - climate change KW - models KW - snow KW - mathematical methods KW - surface features KW - climate effects KW - geomorphology KW - frozen ground KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312835767?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=On+ocean+and+sea+ice+modes+of+variability+in+the+Bering+Sea&rft.au=Danielson%2C+Seth%3BCurchitser%2C+Enrique%3BHedstrom%2C+Kate%3BWeingartner%2C+Thomas%3BStabeno%2C+Phyllis&rft.aulast=Danielson&rft.aufirst=Seth&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=C12&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2011JC007389 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - climate change; climate effects; energy balance; frozen ground; geomorphology; hydrology; land cover; mathematical methods; models; permafrost; snow; snow cover; snow water equivalent; soils; surface features; vegetation DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JD015139 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying the flux of CaCO (sub 3) and organic carbon from the surface ocean using in situ measurements of O (sub 2) , N (sub 2) , pCO (sub 2) , and pH AN - 1151913906; 2012-097539 AB - Ocean acidification from anthropogenic CO (sub 2) has focused our attention on the importance of understanding the rates and mechanisms of CaCO (sub 3) formation so that changes can be monitored and feedbacks predicted. We present a method for determining the rate of CaCO (sub 3) production using in situ measurements of fCO (sub 2) and pH in surface waters of the eastern subarctic Pacific Ocean. These quantities were determined on a surface mooring every 3 h for a period of about 9 months in 2007 at Ocean Station Papa (50 degrees N, 145 degrees W). We use the data in a simple surface ocean, mass balance model of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and alkalinity (Alk) to constrain the CaCO (sub 3) : organic carbon (OC) production ratio to be approximately 0.5. A CaCO (sub 3) production rate of 8 mmol CaCO (sub 3) m (super -2) d (super -1) in the summer of 2007 (1.2 mol m (super -2) yr (super -1) ) is derived by combining the CaCO (sub 3) : OC ratio with the a net organic carbon production rate (2.5 mol C m (super -2) yr (super -1) ) determined from in situ measurements of oxygen and nitrogen gas concentrations measured on the same mooring (Emerson and Stump, 2010). Carbonate chemistry data from a meridional hydrographic section in this area in 2008 indicate that isopycnal surfaces that outcrop in the winter in the subarctic Pacific and deepen southward into the subtropics are a much stronger source for alkalinity than vertical mixing. This pathway has a high enough Alk:DIC ratio to support the CaCO (sub 3) :OC production rate implied by the fCO (sub 2) and pH data. JF - Global Biogeochemical Cycles AU - Emerson, Steven AU - Sabine, Christopher AU - Cronin, Meghan F AU - Feely, Richard AU - Cullison Gray, Sarah E AU - DeGrandpre, Mike Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation GB3008 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 25 IS - 3 SN - 0886-6236, 0886-6236 KW - sea water KW - oxygen KW - sea surface water KW - solutes KW - hydrochemistry KW - oceanography KW - nitrogen KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon dioxide KW - biogenic processes KW - transport KW - quantitative analysis KW - dissolved oxygen KW - carbon KW - acidification KW - calcium carbonate KW - carbon cycle KW - organic carbon KW - geochemistry KW - world ocean KW - pH KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1151913906?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.atitle=Quantifying+the+flux+of+CaCO+%28sub+3%29+and+organic+carbon+from+the+surface+ocean+using+in+situ+measurements+of+O+%28sub+2%29+%2C+N+%28sub+2%29+%2C+pCO+%28sub+2%29+%2C+and+pH&rft.au=Emerson%2C+Steven%3BSabine%2C+Christopher%3BCronin%2C+Meghan+F%3BFeely%2C+Richard%3BCullison+Gray%2C+Sarah+E%3BDeGrandpre%2C+Mike&rft.aulast=Emerson&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.issn=08866236&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010GB003924 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gb/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; biogenic processes; calcium carbonate; carbon; carbon cycle; carbon dioxide; dissolved oxygen; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; nitrogen; oceanography; organic carbon; oxygen; pH; quantitative analysis; sea surface water; sea water; solutes; transport; world ocean DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010GB003924 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New USEPA water quality criteria by 2012: GOMA concerns and recommendations AN - 1125228590; 17287289 AB - The Gulf of Mexico Alliance (GOMA) was tasked by the five Gulf State Governors to identify major issues affecting the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) and to set priorities for ameliorating these problems. One priority identified by GOMA is the need to improve detection methods for water quality indicators, pathogens and microbial source tracking. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) is tasked with revising water quality criteria by 2012; however, the locations traditionally studied by the USEPA are not representative of the GoM and this has raised concern about whether or not the new criteria will be appropriate. This paper outlines a number of concerns, including deadlines associated with the USEPA Consent Decree, which may prevent inclusion of research needed to produce a well-developed set of methods and criteria appropriate for all regulated waters. GOMA makes several recommendations including ensuring that criteria formulation use data that include GoM-specific conditions (e.g. lower bather density, nonpoint sources), that rapid-testing methods be feasible and adequately controlled, and that USEPA maintains investments in water quality research once the new criteria are promulgated in order to assure that outstanding scientific questions are addressed and that scientifically defensible criteria are achieved for the GoM and other regulated waterbodies. JF - Journal of Water and Health AU - Gooch-Moore, Janet AU - Goodwin, Kelly D AU - Dorsey, Carol AU - Ellender, R D AU - Mott, Joanna B AU - Ornelas, Mark AU - Sinigalliano, Chris AU - Vincent, Bob AU - Whiting, David AU - Wolfe, Steven H AD - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, Center for Coastal Environmental Health & Biomolecular Research, Charleston, SC 29412, USA, janet.moore@noaa.gov Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 718 EP - 733 PB - IWA Publishing, Alliance House London SW1H 0QS United Kingdom VL - 9 IS - 4 SN - 1477-8920, 1477-8920 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Water quality KW - Gulfs KW - Investment KW - Bioindicators KW - Density KW - Water quality criteria KW - Water Quality KW - Environmental Protection KW - Pathogens KW - Environmental protection KW - Tracking KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - EPA KW - USA KW - Microorganisms KW - Priorities KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1125228590?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+and+Health&rft.atitle=New+USEPA+water+quality+criteria+by+2012%3A+GOMA+concerns+and+recommendations&rft.au=Gooch-Moore%2C+Janet%3BGoodwin%2C+Kelly+D%3BDorsey%2C+Carol%3BEllender%2C+R+D%3BMott%2C+Joanna+B%3BOrnelas%2C+Mark%3BSinigalliano%2C+Chris%3BVincent%2C+Bob%3BWhiting%2C+David%3BWolfe%2C+Steven+H&rft.aulast=Gooch-Moore&rft.aufirst=Janet&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=718&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+and+Health&rft.issn=14778920&rft_id=info:doi/10.2166%2Fwh.2011.156 L2 - http://www.iwaponline.com/jwh/009/jwh0090718.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pathogens; Water quality; Tracking; Environmental protection; EPA; Pollution monitoring; Water quality criteria; Bioindicators; Density; Microorganisms; Water Quality; Priorities; Environmental Protection; Investment; Gulfs; ASW, Mexico Gulf; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2011.156 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in enzymatic activity during early development of bay scallops Argopecten irradians and sea scallops Placopecten magellanicus AN - 1113219479; 17248240 AB - Poor growth and survival of scallops is often reported during early developmental stages. Stage- and species-specific dietary requirements have been identified, but the mechanisms responsible for these differences remain largely unknown. Dietary success depends on food biochemical properties, digestive and/or assimilative capacity, as well as the animal's specific nutritional demands, which can vary over development and between species. The present study examines developmental changes in the activities of key digestive enzymes in larval and postlarval bay scallops Argopecten irradians and sea scallops Placopecten magellanicus raised on a mixed algal diet until similar to 4 to 5 mm in shell height (SH) and sampled at intervals encompassing major transitions in feeding organ development. Colorimetric assays measured general protease, lipase (esterase) and carbohydrase (alpha-amylase, cellulase and laminarinase) activities. The most pronounced changes in enzymatic activity occurred prior to scallops attaining similar to 1.2 mm SH in both scallop species. The esterase:protease ratio exhibited similar ontogenetic patterns in both scallop species, decreasing sharply between larval and immediate postlarval stages before increasing to an intermediate level and stabilizing around 1.2 mm SH. In contrast, mean carbohydrase activities measured over the experimental duration differed between species, with bay scallops exhibiting higher specific activities of alpha-amylase and cellulase but much lower activities of laminarinase than sea scallops. These findings have implications for understanding scallop utilization of the food supply in nature, as well as developing targeted diets that could enhance their growth and survival in culture. JF - Aquatic Biology AU - Milke, Lisa M AU - Bricelj, VMonica AU - Ross, Neil W AD - NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service, Milford Laboratory, Milford, Connecticut 06460, USA, lisa.milke@noaa.gov Y1 - 2011///0, PY - 2011 DA - 0, 2011 SP - 207 EP - 216 PB - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 1864-7782, 1864-7782 KW - ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Digestive enzyme activity KW - Scallops KW - Placopecten magellanicus KW - Argopecten irradians KW - Development KW - esterase KW - Food KW - Colorimetry KW - Survival KW - Cell culture KW - Larval development KW - Cellulase KW - Feed composition KW - Growth KW - Nutritional requirements KW - Ontogeny KW - Proteinase KW - Enzymatic activity KW - Algae KW - Diets KW - Feeding KW - Developmental stages KW - Enzymes KW - Triacylglycerol lipase KW - Digestive enzymes KW - Feeding experiments KW - Scallop culture KW - Shells KW - Q3 08583:Shellfish culture KW - Q1 08583:Shellfish culture KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - O 5060:Aquaculture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1113219479?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Biology&rft.atitle=Changes+in+enzymatic+activity+during+early+development+of+bay+scallops+Argopecten+irradians+and+sea+scallops+Placopecten+magellanicus&rft.au=Milke%2C+Lisa+M%3BBricelj%2C+VMonica%3BRoss%2C+Neil+W&rft.aulast=Milke&rft.aufirst=Lisa&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Biology&rft.issn=18647782&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fab00398 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Growth; Nutritional requirements; Enzymes; Feeding experiments; Scallop culture; Larval development; Feed composition; Feeding; Food; esterase; Developmental stages; Survival; Colorimetry; Cell culture; Cellulase; Triacylglycerol lipase; Digestive enzymes; Ontogeny; Proteinase; Enzymatic activity; Shells; Algae; Placopecten magellanicus; Argopecten irradians DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/ab00398 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of blood anticoagulants on stable isotope values of sea turtle blood tissue AN - 1113219462; 17248239 AB - Collecting tissue samples from sea turtles for stable isotope analysis often occurs at remote field sites. For blood tissue, samples are treated with an anticoagulant that allows for later separation of plasma from cellular components. However, the effect of this technique on stable isotope values of sea turtle blood has not been established. We measured the effects of 3 widely used anticoagulants, acid ASHcitrate dextrose (ACD), sodium heparin (SH) and ASHethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), on stable carbon ([delta] super(13C) and stable nitrogen ([delta]) super(1)5N) values in whole blood, red blood cells, and blood plasma of 11 green turtles Chelonia mydas captured in San Diego Bay, California, USA. Vials containing each of the 3 blood preservatives as well as a vial containing no additive (i.e. control vial) were filled in random order. Blood in the no-additive vial was immediately separated into fractions (e.g. red blood cells, plasma) via centrifugation, whereas blood collected in the treatment vials was chilled and then centrifuged 48 h after collection. We found that, relative to the controls, ACD-preserved whole blood and blood plasma were super(13C enriched, EDTA-treated red blood cells and plasma were ) super(1)5N deASHpleted, and SH-treated whole blood was super(15N enASHriched. Because SH was the only anticoagulant with no measured effect on blood plasma and red blood cells-the most commonly studied blood fractions for sea turtle stable isotope studies-we recommend its exclusive use as a blood anticoagulant for field studies where prompt centriASHfugation is not possible.) JF - Aquatic Biology AU - Lemons, Garrett E AU - Eguchi, Tomoharu AU - LyonA, Boyd N AU - LeRoux, Robin AU - Seminoff, Jeffrey A AD - NOAA-National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, 8604 la Jolla Shores Drive, la Jolla, California 92037, USA, jeffrey.seminoff@noaa.gov Y1 - 2011///0, PY - 2011 DA - 0, 2011 SP - 201 EP - 206 PB - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 1864-7782, 1864-7782 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - [delta]13C and [delta]15N KW - Carbon KW - Cheloniidae KW - Ectotherm KW - ASHIsotope enrichment KW - Nitrogen KW - Reptilia KW - Isotopes KW - INE, USA, California, San Diego Bay KW - Anticoagulants KW - Aquatic reptiles KW - Erythrocytes KW - Hydrobiology KW - Sodium KW - dextrose KW - Centrifugation KW - Blood KW - Serological studies KW - Chelonia mydas KW - Nitrogen isotopes KW - Heparin KW - Preservatives KW - Edetic acid KW - Q1 08626:Food technology KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - O 1050:Vertebrates, Urochordates and Cephalochordates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1113219462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Biology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+blood+anticoagulants+on+stable+isotope+values+of+sea+turtle+blood+tissue&rft.au=Lemons%2C+Garrett+E%3BEguchi%2C+Tomoharu%3BLyonA%2C+Boyd+N%3BLeRoux%2C+Robin%3BSeminoff%2C+Jeffrey+A&rft.aulast=Lemons&rft.aufirst=Garrett&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Biology&rft.issn=18647782&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fab00397 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Blood; Serological studies; Anticoagulants; Erythrocytes; Aquatic reptiles; Hydrobiology; Nitrogen isotopes; Heparin; Preservatives; dextrose; Sodium; Centrifugation; Isotopes; Carbon; Edetic acid; Nitrogen; Chelonia mydas; INE, USA, California, San Diego Bay DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/ab00397 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Precautionary design of a marine protected area based on a habitat model AN - 1113216533; 17249048 AB - A basic principle of effective resource management is that decisions should be conservative in the face of uncertainty. Due to limited data, there is often considerable uncertainty about species' habitat relationships and requirements. If the boundaries of a protected area are based on relationships estimated by a habitat model, effective management takes the uncertainty into account. The inclusion of uncertainty in the design of a hypothetical marine protected area is described for a coastal population of the long-beaked common dolphin Delphinus capensis off Baja California, Mexico. Line-transect and depth data were combined in a hierarchical Bayesian model. Two possible management goals were considered: protecting 100000 animals or protecting 60% of the population. A precautionary approach was adopted, meaning that the management goal should be met with a high probability. The model estimated that a seaward boundary at 360 m would include 100000 dolphins with a probability of 0.9. A conventional but less precautionary 'best estimate' boundary at 160 m would meet the management goal with a probability of 0.5. For the second goal of including 60% of the population, the precautionary and non-precautionary depths were 210 and 170 m, respectively. Habitat models are useful for management, but management decisions based on such models should consider the uncertainty inherent in estimating parameters from data. Models which include the data observation process can improve inference about habitat relationships. JF - Endangered Species Research AU - Gerrodette, Tim AU - Eguchi, Tomoharu AD - Southwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service, 3333 North Torrey Pines Court, la Jolla, California 92037, USA, tim.gerrodette@noaa.gov Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 159 EP - 166 PB - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 1863-5407, 1863-5407 KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Resource management KW - Bayesian analysis KW - Models KW - Dolphins KW - Protected areas KW - Modelling KW - Marine KW - Mathematical models KW - Data processing KW - Marine protected areas KW - Habitat KW - Environmental protection KW - Design KW - Delphinus capensis KW - Boundaries KW - Nature conservation KW - Marine parks KW - Endangered species KW - Cetacea KW - Environment management KW - Endangered Species KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - Y 25150:General/Miscellaneous KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1113216533?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Endangered+Species+Research&rft.atitle=Precautionary+design+of+a+marine+protected+area+based+on+a+habitat+model&rft.au=Gerrodette%2C+Tim%3BEguchi%2C+Tomoharu&rft.aulast=Gerrodette&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Endangered+Species+Research&rft.issn=18635407&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fesr00369 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Resource management; Marine parks; Nature conservation; Habitat; Environment management; Environmental protection; Modelling; Endangered Species; Data processing; Mathematical models; Bayesian analysis; Boundaries; Endangered species; Models; Dolphins; Marine protected areas; Protected areas; Design; Delphinus capensis; Cetacea; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr00369 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sea turtle population estimates incorporating uncertainty: a new approach applied to western North Atlantic loggerheads Caretta caretta AN - 1113216506; 17249047 AB - Loggerhead sea turtles Caretta caretta have been listed as threatened under the US Endangered Species Act since 1978, and a change in their listing status to endangered was recently under consideration. Estimates of adult population size are needed to evaluate population status, but include a number of uncertainties. A point estimate of loggerhead population size based on a nest count fails to convey the range of our uncertainty in the estimated number of individuals in a population. We developed distributions of adult female loggerhead subpopulation sizes for 5 subpopulations of the western North Atlantic, and for the western North Atlantic population as a whole. Distributions were derived by re-sampling from available nest counts (2001-2010) and data on breeding interval, survival and clutch frequency, each affecting the extrapolation of nest numbers to adult females. Our best estimate for the western North Atlantic adult female loggerhead population was 38334 (SD = 2287) adult females. Confidence limits on estimates for the individual subpopulations ranged from a high of 45058 adult females for Peninsular Florida to a low of 258 adult females in the Dry Tortugas. To reduce uncertainty in population estimates, research needs to focus on quantifying breeding interval and clutch frequency, especially in the less-studied subpopulations. JF - Endangered Species Research AU - Richards, Paul M AU - Epperly, Sheryan P AU - Heppell, Selina S AU - King, Rachel T AU - Sasso, Christopher R AU - Moncada, Felix AU - Nodarse, Gonzalo AU - Shaver, Donna J AU - Medina, Yosvani AU - Zurita, Julio AD - National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, 75 Virginia Beach Drive, Miami, Florida 33149, USA, paul.richards@noaa.gov Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 151 EP - 158 PB - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 1863-5407, 1863-5407 KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Aquatic reptiles KW - Caretta caretta KW - Survival KW - Nests KW - Breeding KW - ASW, USA, Florida KW - Data processing KW - Population characteristics KW - Subpopulations KW - Turtles KW - Rare species KW - AN, North Atlantic KW - ASW, USA, Florida, Dry Tortugas KW - Clutch KW - Population status KW - Nature conservation KW - Endangered species KW - Population number KW - Endangered Species KW - Y 25150:General/Miscellaneous KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q1 08121:Law, policy, economics and social sciences KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1113216506?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Endangered+Species+Research&rft.atitle=Sea+turtle+population+estimates+incorporating+uncertainty%3A+a+new+approach+applied+to+western+North+Atlantic+loggerheads+Caretta+caretta&rft.au=Richards%2C+Paul+M%3BEpperly%2C+Sheryan+P%3BHeppell%2C+Selina+S%3BKing%2C+Rachel+T%3BSasso%2C+Christopher+R%3BMoncada%2C+Felix%3BNodarse%2C+Gonzalo%3BShaver%2C+Donna+J%3BMedina%2C+Yosvani%3BZurita%2C+Julio&rft.aulast=Richards&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Endangered+Species+Research&rft.issn=18635407&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fesr00379 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Population characteristics; Clutch; Subpopulations; Aquatic reptiles; Nature conservation; Rare species; Endangered Species; Data processing; Breeding; Population status; Survival; Endangered species; Nests; Turtles; Population number; Caretta caretta; ASW, USA, Florida; ASW, USA, Florida, Dry Tortugas; AN, North Atlantic DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr00379 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Consumption, Credit, and Macroeconomic Policies: Theory and Evidence from the United States AN - 1081860334; 201226503 AB - The paper examines determinants of private consumption in the USA. The empirical model includes disposable income, the University of Michigan consumer sentiment index, the interest rate, and the real effective exchange rate. Anticipated movements in these determinants are likely to affect planned consumption, while unanticipated changes determine cyclical consumption. Fluctuations in private consumption are mostly cyclical with respect to changes in disposable income and the consumers sentiment index. In contrast, an increase in the interest rate decreases both planned and cyclical consumption. Fiscal policy has a direct negative effect on cyclical consumption, which is not dependent on the interest rate. Monetary growth, in contrast, increases liquidity to finance both planned and cyclical private consumption. Adapted from the source document. JF - Global Economic Review AU - Kandil, Magda AU - Mirzaie, Ida Aghdas AD - The Egyptian Center for Economic Studies, Cairo, Egypt Y1 - 2011///0, PY - 2011 DA - 0, 2011 SP - 323 EP - 360 PB - Routledge/Taylor & Francis, UK VL - 40 IS - 3 SN - 1226-508X, 1226-508X KW - Fiscal Policy KW - Exchange Rate KW - Credit KW - Consumption KW - United States of America KW - Consumers KW - Michigan KW - Interest Rate KW - Universities KW - article KW - 9141: political economy; political economy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1081860334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Economic+Review&rft.atitle=Consumption%2C+Credit%2C+and+Macroeconomic+Policies%3A+Theory+and+Evidence+from+the+United+States&rft.au=Kandil%2C+Magda%3BMirzaie%2C+Ida+Aghdas&rft.aulast=Kandil&rft.aufirst=Magda&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Economic+Review&rft.issn=1226508X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F1226508X.2011.601645 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2012-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Consumption; Interest Rate; United States of America; Consumers; Fiscal Policy; Credit; Exchange Rate; Universities; Michigan DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1226508X.2011.601645 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Bayesian assessment of the conservation status of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the western South Atlantic Ocean AN - 1069195415; 17126267 AB - The population of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) wintering off the eastern coast of South America is referred to by the International Whaling Commission as 'Breeding Stock A' (BSA). This population was heavily exploited in 20 super(th) century modern commercial whaling operations. After more than 30 years of protection, its present status remains unknown. A deterministic sex and age-aggregated population dynamics model was used to estimate the pre-exploitation population size (K), the maximum net recruitment rate (r sub(max)), the maximum depletion level (N sub(min)K), and other quantities of interest of BSA. Input data included modern whaling catch series, absolute estimates of abundance, observed growth rates and indices of relative abundance. A Bayesian statistical method was used to calculate probability distributions for the model parameters. Prior distributions were set on r sub(max) - an uninformative (Uniform [0, 0.106]) and an informative (Normal [0.067, 0.04 super(2)]) - and on the population size in 2005 - N sub(2005), (Uniform [500, 22,000]). A total of 10,000 samples were used to compute the joint posterior distribution of the model parameters using the Sampling-Importance-Resampling algorithm. Sensitivity of model outputs to the priors on r sub(max), a genetic constraint, data inclusion and catch allocation scenarios was investigated. Medians of the posterior probability distributions of quantities of interest for the base case scenario were: r sub(max) = 0.069 (95% probability intervals [PI] = 0.013-0.104), K = 24,558(95% PI = 22,791-31,118), N sub(min)/K = 2% (PI = 0.31% 12.5%), N sub(2006) K = 27.4% (PI = 18.3%-39.5%), N sub(2020)/K = 61.8% (PI = 23.8%-88.6%), and N sub(2040)/K = 97.3% (PI = 31.6%-99.9%). Despite apparent recovery in the past three decades, the western South Atlantic humpback whale population is still low relative to its pre-exploitation size and requires continued conservation efforts. JF - Journal of Cetacean Research and Management AU - Zerbini, AN AU - Ward, E J AU - Kinas, P G AU - Engel, M H AU - Andriolo, A AD - School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195-5020, USA, alex.zerbini@noaa.gov Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 131 EP - 144 SN - 1561-0713, 1561-0713 KW - Environment Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Growth rate KW - Marine KW - Mathematical models KW - Overwintering KW - Quantitative distribution KW - Recruitment KW - whaling KW - AS, South Atlantic KW - Megaptera novaeangliae KW - Relative abundance KW - Population dynamics KW - Catches KW - ASW, South America KW - Breeding KW - Oceans KW - Marine mammals KW - Conservation KW - Cetacea KW - Brood stocks KW - Whales KW - Whaling KW - Population number KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1069195415?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Cetacean+Research+and+Management&rft.atitle=A+Bayesian+assessment+of+the+conservation+status+of+humpback+whales+%28Megaptera+novaeangliae%29+in+the+western+South+Atlantic+Ocean&rft.au=Zerbini%2C+AN%3BWard%2C+E+J%3BKinas%2C+P+G%3BEngel%2C+M+H%3BAndriolo%2C+A&rft.aulast=Zerbini&rft.aufirst=AN&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Cetacean+Research+and+Management&rft.issn=15610713&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Mathematical models; Quantitative distribution; Overwintering; Marine mammals; Recruitment; Population dynamics; Brood stocks; Whaling; Breeding; Oceans; Conservation; whaling; Relative abundance; Whales; Catches; Population number; Megaptera novaeangliae; Cetacea; ASW, South America; AS, South Atlantic; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation and observations of stratospheric aerosols from the 2009 Sarychev volcanic eruption AN - 1039339914; 2012-081408 AB - We used a general circulation model of Earth's climate to conduct simulations of the 12-16 June 2009 eruption of Sarychev volcano (48.1 degrees N, 153.2 degrees E). The model simulates the formation and transport of the stratospheric sulfate aerosol cloud from the eruption and the resulting climate response. We compared optical depth results from these simulations with limb scatter measurements from the Optical Spectrograph and Infrared Imaging System (OSIRIS), in situ measurements from balloon-borne instruments lofted from Laramie, Wyoming (41.3 degrees N, 105.7 degrees W), and five lidar stations located throughout the Northern Hemisphere. The aerosol cloud covered most of the Northern Hemisphere, extending slightly into the tropics, with peak backscatter measured between 12 and 16 km in altitude. Aerosol concentrations returned to near-background levels by spring 2010. After accounting for expected sources of discrepancy between each of the data sources, the magnitudes and spatial distributions of aerosol optical depth due to the eruption largely agree. In conducting the simulations, we likely overestimated both particle size and the amount of SO (sub 2) injected into the stratosphere, resulting in modeled optical depth values that were a factor of 2-4 too high. Modeled optical depth due to the eruption shows a peak too late in high latitudes and too early in low latitudes, suggesting a problem with stratospheric circulation in the model. The model also shows a higher decay rate in optical depth than is observed, showing an inaccuracy in stratospheric removal rates in some seasons. The modeled removal rate of sulfate aerosols from the Sarychev eruption is higher than the rate calculated for aerosols from the 1991 eruption of Mt. Pinatubo. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Kravitz, Ben AU - Robock, Alan AU - Bourassa, Adam AU - Deshler, Terry AU - Wu, Decheng AU - Mattis, Ina AU - Finger, Fanny AU - Hoffmann, Anne AU - Ritter, Christoph AU - Bitar, Lubna AU - Duck, Thomas J AU - Barnes, John E Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation D18211 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 116 IS - D18 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - Russian Pacific region KW - sulfur dioxide KW - Sakhalin Russian Federation KW - general circulation models KW - sulfates KW - atmosphere KW - Russian Federation KW - atmospheric circulation KW - Kuril Islands KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - stratosphere KW - transport KW - atmospheric transport KW - volcanism KW - eruptions KW - volcanoes KW - aerosols KW - Sarychev KW - Asia KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1039339914?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Simulation+and+observations+of+stratospheric+aerosols+from+the+2009+Sarychev+volcanic+eruption&rft.au=Kravitz%2C+Ben%3BRobock%2C+Alan%3BBourassa%2C+Adam%3BDeshler%2C+Terry%3BWu%2C+Decheng%3BMattis%2C+Ina%3BFinger%2C+Fanny%3BHoffmann%2C+Anne%3BRitter%2C+Christoph%3BBitar%2C+Lubna%3BDuck%2C+Thomas+J%3BBarnes%2C+John+E&rft.aulast=Kravitz&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=D18&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010JD015501 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-09-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; Asia; atmosphere; atmospheric circulation; atmospheric transport; Commonwealth of Independent States; eruptions; general circulation models; Kuril Islands; Russian Federation; Russian Pacific region; Sakhalin Russian Federation; Sarychev; stratosphere; sulfates; sulfur dioxide; transport; volcanism; volcanoes DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JD015501 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of Asian dust in California orographic precipitation AN - 1039339814; 2012-081291 AB - Aerosols impact the microphysical properties of clouds by serving as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and ice nuclei (IN). By modifying cloud properties, aerosols have the potential to alter the location and intensity of precipitation, but determining the magnitude and reproducibility of aerosol-induced changes to precipitation remains a significant challenge to experimentalists and modelers. During the CalWater Early Start campaign (22 February to 11 March 2009), a uniquely comprehensive set of atmospheric chemistry, precipitation, and meteorological measurements were made during two extratropical cyclones. These two storms showed enhanced integrated water vapor concentrations and horizontal water vapor transports due to atmospheric river conditions and, together, produced 23% of the annual precipitation and 38% of the maximum snowpack at California's Central Sierra Snow Lab (CSSL). Precipitation measurements of insoluble residues showed very different chemistry occurring during the two storms with the first one showing mostly organic species from biomass burning, whereas the second storm showed a transition from biomass burning organics to the dominance of Asian dust. As shown herein, the dust was transported across the Pacific during the second storm and became incorporated into the colder high-altitude precipitating orographic clouds over the Sierra Nevada. The second storm produced 1.4 times as much precipitation and increased the snowpack by 1.6 times at CSSL relative to the first storm. As described in previous measurement and modeling studies, dust can effectively serve as ice nuclei, leading to increased riming rates and enhanced precipitation efficiency, which ultimately can contribute to differences in precipitation. Future modeling studies will help deconvolute the meteorological, microphysical, and aerosol factors leading to these differences and will use CalWater's meteorological and aerosol observations to constrain the model-based interpretations. The ultimate goal of such combined efforts is to use the results to improve aerosol-cloud impacts on precipitation in regional climate models. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Ault, Andrew P AU - Williams, Christopher R AU - White, Allen B AU - Neiman, Paul J AU - Creamean, Jessie M AU - Gaston, Cassandra J AU - Ralph, F Martin AU - Prather, Kimberly A Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation D16205 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 116 IS - D16 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - United States KW - Sierra Nevada KW - biomass KW - ice physics KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - fires KW - California KW - snowpack KW - mineral composition KW - transport KW - ice KW - snow KW - sediments KW - storms KW - chemical composition KW - meteorology KW - rain KW - clouds KW - clastic sediments KW - Central California KW - cloud physics KW - ice nuclei KW - deposition KW - atmospheric transport KW - dust KW - aerosols KW - wind transport KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1039339814?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Detection+of+Asian+dust+in+California+orographic+precipitation&rft.au=Ault%2C+Andrew+P%3BWilliams%2C+Christopher+R%3BWhite%2C+Allen+B%3BNeiman%2C+Paul+J%3BCreamean%2C+Jessie+M%3BGaston%2C+Cassandra+J%3BRalph%2C+F+Martin%3BPrather%2C+Kimberly+A&rft.aulast=Ault&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=D16&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010JD015351 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-09-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; atmospheric precipitation; atmospheric transport; biomass; California; Central California; chemical composition; clastic sediments; cloud physics; clouds; deposition; dust; fires; ice; ice nuclei; ice physics; meteorology; mineral composition; rain; sediments; Sierra Nevada; snow; snowpack; storms; transport; United States; wind transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JD015351 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Use of Vignettes in Cross-Cultural Cognitive Testing of Survey Instruments AN - 1030869596; 201228052 AB - Cognitive interviewing (CI) is a pretesting technique that elicits respondents' interpretations of survey questions as a means to evaluate and revise them. Vignettes are sometimes used as a part of the cognitive testing method. There has been little research on using vignettes in the testing of survey translations. This article examines the use of vignettes in two Spanish and English pretesting projects at the U.S. Census Bureau. The authors examine findings across English and Spanish cases in the two studies and discuss areas for future research. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Inc., copyright holder.] JF - Field Methods AU - Goerman, Patricia L AU - Clifton, Matthew AD - Center for Survey Measurement, U.S. Census Bureau, Washington, DC, USA patricia.l.goerman@census.gov Y1 - 2011///0, PY - 2011 DA - 0, 2011 SP - 362 EP - 378 PB - Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks CA VL - 23 IS - 4 SN - 1525-822X, 1525-822X KW - vignettes bilingual cognitive testing Spanish survey translation KW - Surveys KW - Interviews KW - Crosscultural Differences KW - Cognition KW - article KW - 0514: culture and social structure; social anthropology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1030869596?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Field+Methods&rft.atitle=The+Use+of+Vignettes+in+Cross-Cultural+Cognitive+Testing+of+Survey+Instruments&rft.au=Goerman%2C+Patricia+L%3BClifton%2C+Matthew&rft.aulast=Goerman&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=362&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Field+Methods&rft.issn=1525822X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F1525822X11416188 LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2012-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cognition; Interviews; Surveys; Crosscultural Differences DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1525822X11416188 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Use of Cognitive Interviewing to Explore the Effectiveness of Advance Supplemental Materials among Five Language Groups AN - 1030869594; 201228044 AB - Prior research has shown that the use of a prenotification letter is effective in improving mail survey response rate. However, little is known about whether an advance supplemental brochure will have a similar effect. The research documented in this article serves two purposes: First, this exploratory study uses qualitative data from cognitive interviews conducted with five language groups to understand why a multilingual brochure inserted with an English advance letter might or might not enhance survey participation among non-English-speaking respondents. Second, this research highlights the issues in analyzing secondary data collected using cross-cultural cognitive interview methods in which the interviews have been conducted, translated, interpreted, and summarized by language experts into English summaries. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Inc., copyright holder.] JF - Field Methods AU - Chan, Anna Y AU - Pan, Yuling AD - Center for Survey Measurement, U.S. Census Bureau, Washington, DC, USA anna.y.chan@census.gov Y1 - 2011///0, PY - 2011 DA - 0, 2011 SP - 342 EP - 361 PB - Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks CA VL - 23 IS - 4 SN - 1525-822X, 1525-822X KW - cross-cultural cognitive interview methods multilingual supplemental advance mailing materials KW - Research Responses KW - Participation KW - English Language KW - Interviews KW - Crosscultural Differences KW - Cognition KW - article KW - 0514: culture and social structure; social anthropology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1030869594?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Heredity&rft.atitle=A+Model+for+Estimating+the+Minimum+Number+of+Offspring+to+Sample+in+Studies+of+Reproductive+Success&rft.au=Anderson%2C+Joseph+H%3BWard%2C+Eric+J%3BCarlson%2C+Stephanie+M&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=567&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Heredity&rft.issn=00221503&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fjhered%2Fesr060 LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2012-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cognition; English Language; Participation; Research Responses; Interviews; Crosscultural Differences DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1525822X11414836 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Authentication of African green monkey cell lines using human short tandem repeat markers AN - 1024663623; 16863395 AB - Background: Tools for authenticating cell lines are critical for quality control in cell-based biological experiments. Currently there are methods to authenticate human cell lines using short tandem repeat (STR) markers based on the technology and procedures successfully used in the forensic community for human identification, but there are no STR based methods for authenticating nonhuman cell lines to date. There is significant homology between the human and vervet monkey genome and we utilized these similarities to design the first multiplex assay based on human STR markers for vervet cell line identification. Results: The following STR markers were incorporated into the vervet multiplex PCR assay: D17S1304, D5S1467, D19S245, D1S518, D8S1106, D4S2408, D6S1017, and DYS389. The eight markers were successful in uniquely identifying sixty-two vervet monkey DNA samples and confirmed that Vero76 cells and COS-7 cells were derived from Vero and CV-1 cells, respectively. The multiplex assay shows specificity for vervet DNA within the determined allele range for vervet monkeys; however, the primers will also amplify human DNA for each marker resulting in amplicons outside the vervet allele range in several of the loci. The STR markers showed genetic stability in over sixty-nine passages of Vero cells, suggesting low mutation rates in the targeted STR sequences in the Vero cell line. Conclusions: A functional vervet multiplex assay consisting of eight human STR markers with heterozygosity values ranging from 0.53-0.79 was successful in uniquely identifying sixty-two vervet monkey samples. The probability of a random match using these eight markers between any two vervet samples is approximately 1 in 1.9 million. While authenticating a vervet cell line, the multiplex assay may also be a useful indicator for human cell line contamination since the assay is based on human STR markers. JF - BMC Biotechnology AU - Almeida, Jamie L AU - Hill, Carolyn R AU - Cole, Kenneth D AD - National Institute of Standards and Technology, Biochemical Science Division, Bioassay Methods Group, 100 Bureau Drive MS8312, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 102 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House London W1T 4LB United Kingdom VL - 11 IS - 1 SN - 1472-6750, 1472-6750 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Short tandem repeats KW - Vero cells KW - Contamination KW - Homology KW - Quality control KW - Forensic science KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Primers KW - Mutation rates KW - Heterozygosity KW - N 14810:Methods KW - W 30900:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1024663623?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Authentication+of+African+green+monkey+cell+lines+using+human+short+tandem+repeat+markers&rft.au=Almeida%2C+Jamie+L%3BHill%2C+Carolyn+R%3BCole%2C+Kenneth+D&rft.aulast=Almeida&rft.aufirst=Jamie&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=102&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Biotechnology&rft.issn=14726750&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1472-6750-11-102 L2 - http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6750/11/102 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Short tandem repeats; Homology; Contamination; Vero cells; Quality control; Forensic science; Polymerase chain reaction; Primers; Mutation rates; Heterozygosity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6750-11-102 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of dynamic threshold in sea and lake ice mapping and monitoring AN - 1024651268; 15163987 AB - Ice detection and monitoring algorithms using visible and infrared images are generally founded on thresholds-based approaches. Classification of features over ice covered sea requires a series of reliable thresholds. The change in surface conditions throughout the season affects these thresholds and makes their adjustment necessary. This study proposes an operational method based on a set of dynamic thresholds for ice and water identification using data from a geostationary satellite. The Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) on the Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) satellite data has been used. The proposed approach has been tested and validated over the Caspian Sea. Visible, near infrared and thermal infrared channels are being used to automatically create a cloud mask for a single image. The dynamic threshold is being developed to clarify the misclassification of ice and water pixels. The constant and dynamic thresholds have been used in comparison and applied to classification model. Dynamic threshold is used with reflectance channels R01 (0.6 mu ) and R02 (0.8 mu ) and the near infrared channel R03 (1.6 mu ). JF - International Journal of Hydrology Science and Technology AU - Nazari, Rouzbeh AU - Khanbilvardi, Reza AD - NOAA-CREST Center, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The City University of New York, 160 Convent Ave., New York, NY 10031, USA. Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 37 EP - 46 PB - Inderscience Publishers Ltd., PO Box 735 Olney Bucks MK46 5WB United Kingdom VL - 1 IS - 1-2 SN - 2042-7808, 2042-7808 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Remote Sensing KW - Reflectance KW - Eurasia, Caspian Sea KW - Algorithms KW - METEOSAT KW - Freshwater KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Classification KW - Sea Ice KW - Hydrology KW - Seasonal variability KW - Science and technology KW - Marine KW - Satellite Technology KW - Geostationary satellites KW - Dynamics KW - Channels KW - Clouds KW - Automated cartography KW - Satellite data KW - Lake ice KW - Sea ice KW - Monitoring KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - M2 556.55:Lakes, Reservoirs, Ponds (556.55) KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - Q2 09171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1024651268?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Hydrology+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Application+of+dynamic+threshold+in+sea+and+lake+ice+mapping+and+monitoring&rft.au=Nazari%2C+Rouzbeh%3BKhanbilvardi%2C+Reza&rft.aulast=Nazari&rft.aufirst=Rouzbeh&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Hydrology+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=20427808&rft_id=info:doi/10.1504%2FIJHST.2011.040739 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Automated cartography; Sea ice; Lake ice; Reflectance; Classification; Hydrology; Clouds; Satellite data; Algorithms; Seasonal variability; METEOSAT; Geostationary satellites; Science and technology; Remote Sensing; Channels; Satellite Technology; Hydrologic Models; Sea Ice; Monitoring; Dynamics; Eurasia, Caspian Sea; Marine; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJHST.2011.040739 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S. Data Sources on the Foreign Born and Immigration AN - 1023023388; 201214729 AB - Migration data can be divided into two broad types: "stock" or census and survey data and "flow" or administrative data. Both stock and flow data are valuable resources for analyzing the migration process. In the statistical system of the United States, the U.S. Census Bureau is the primary source for census and survey data on the foreign born. The Department of Homeland Security and the U.S. State Department provide several different administrative sources for studying immigration. The goal of this study is to review the best sources of government data available for analyzing (1) the size, distribution, and characteristics of the foreign-born population and their households and (2) the level of immigration into the United States, and the distribution and characteristics of immigrants by status. Adapted from the source document. JF - International Migration Review AU - Grieco, Elizabeth M AU - Rytina, Nancy F AD - Population Division, U.S. Census Bureau Y1 - 2011///0, PY - 2011 DA - 0, 2011 SP - 1001 EP - 1016 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK VL - 45 IS - 4 SN - 0197-9183, 0197-9183 KW - Security KW - Immigration KW - Households KW - Immigrants KW - United States of America KW - Census KW - Population Distribution KW - National Security KW - Migration KW - article KW - 9067: international relations; refugees/immigration UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1023023388?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Migration+Review&rft.atitle=U.S.+Data+Sources+on+the+Foreign+Born+and+Immigration&rft.au=Grieco%2C+Elizabeth+M%3BRytina%2C+Nancy+F&rft.aulast=Grieco&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+immunotoxicology&rft.issn=1547-6901&rft_id=info:doi/10.3109%2F1547691X.2010.527868 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2012-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - IMGRBI N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Census; Immigration; Migration; Population Distribution; United States of America; National Security; Immigrants; Security; Households DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7379.2011.00874_4.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Practical considerations for modeling sediment transport dynamics in rivers AN - 1017951182; 2012-051297 AB - Sediment transport dynamics are some of the most important aspects to consider in river restoration and management projects. Restoring a river usually involves the manipulation of its flow conditions, channel cross sections, channel alignment, sediment supply, bed material composition, and riparian conditions, all of which directly or indirectly affect sediment transport dynamics. Because a river will be reshaped through sediment transport process following restoration, a lack of or an inadequate consideration of postrestoration sediment transport dynamics may result in poor performance or failure of the project. Here we discuss some practical considerations in sediment transport modeling as a guide for resource managers overseeing river restoration projects as well as sediment transport practitioners. The discussion is not intended as a "how to" guide or a thorough review of the scientific literature pertaining to sediment transport. Instead, the project examples discussed herein are intended to illustrate some of the lessons learned from our experiences in conducting sediment transport analyses for applied projects. The examples are not necessarily river restoration projects, but the practical considerations discussed should generally apply to any sediment transport analysis, including those for river restoration projects. JF - Geophysical Monograph AU - Cui, Yantao AU - Dusterhoff, Scott R AU - Wooster, John K AU - Downs, Peter W Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 SP - 503 EP - 527 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 194 SN - 0065-8448, 0065-8448 KW - hydrology KW - bedload KW - sediment transport KW - stream sediments KW - landform evolution KW - rivers and streams KW - rivers KW - models KW - transport KW - streamflow KW - sediments KW - fluvial features KW - geomorphology KW - fluvial environment KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1017951182?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.atitle=Practical+considerations+for+modeling+sediment+transport+dynamics+in+rivers&rft.au=Cui%2C+Yantao%3BDusterhoff%2C+Scott+R%3BWooster%2C+John+K%3BDowns%2C+Peter+W&rft.aulast=Cui&rft.aufirst=Yantao&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=194&rft.issue=&rft.spage=503&rft.isbn=9781118666678&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Monograph&rft.issn=00658448&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010GM001008 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPMGAD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedload; fluvial environment; fluvial features; geomorphology; hydrology; landform evolution; models; rivers; rivers and streams; sediment transport; sediments; stream sediments; streamflow; transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010GM001008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dust storm over the Black Rock Desert; larger-scale dynamic signatures AN - 1017950389; 2012-051142 AB - A dust storm that originated over the Black Rock Desert (BRD) of northwestern Nevada is investigated. Our primary goal is to more clearly understand the sequence of dynamical processes that generate surface winds responsible for entraining dust from this desert. In addition to reliance on conventional surface and upper-air observations, we make use of reanalysis data sets (NCAR/NCEP and NARR)--blends of primitive equation model forecasts and observations. From these data sets, we obtain the evolution of vertical motion patterns and ageostrophic motions associated with the event. In contrast to earlier studies that have emphasized the importance of indirect transverse circulations about an upper-level jet streak, our results indicate that in this case the transition from an indirect to a direct circulation pattern across the exit region of upper-level jet streak is central to creation of low-level winds that ablate dust from the desert. It is further argued that the transition of vertical circulation patterns is in response to adjustments to geostrophic imbalance--an adjustment time scale of 6-9 h. Although unproven, we suggest that antecedent rainfall over the alkali desert 2 weeks prior to the event was instrumental in lowering the bulk density of sediments and thereby improved the chances for dust ablation by the atmospheric disturbance. We comprehensively compare/contrast our results with those of earlier investigators, and we present an alternative view of key dynamical signatures in atmospheric flow that portend the likelihood of dust storms over the western United States. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Lewis, John M AU - Kaplan, Michael L AU - Vellore, Ramesh AU - Rabin, Robert M AU - Hallett, John AU - Cohn, Stephen A Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation D06113 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 116 IS - D6 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - United States KW - dust storms KW - North America KW - Black Rock Desert KW - Pershing County Nevada KW - Basin and Range Province KW - clastic sediments KW - northwestern Nevada KW - sedimentation KW - Humboldt County Nevada KW - atmospheric circulation KW - transport KW - Western U.S. KW - dust KW - sediments KW - wind transport KW - terrestrial sedimentation KW - Nevada KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1017950389?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Dust+storm+over+the+Black+Rock+Desert%3B+larger-scale+dynamic+signatures&rft.au=Lewis%2C+John+M%3BKaplan%2C+Michael+L%3BVellore%2C+Ramesh%3BRabin%2C+Robert+M%3BHallett%2C+John%3BCohn%2C+Stephen+A&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=D6&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010JD014784 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric circulation; Basin and Range Province; Black Rock Desert; clastic sediments; dust; dust storms; Humboldt County Nevada; Nevada; North America; northwestern Nevada; Pershing County Nevada; sedimentation; sediments; terrestrial sedimentation; transport; United States; Western U.S.; wind transport DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JD014784 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seafloor seismic observations flanking the South Island of New Zealand; the MOANA Ocean Bottom Seismic Experiment AN - 1008850292; 626703-17 JF - GNS Science Miscellaneous Series AU - Sheehan, A AU - Collins, J AU - Molnar, P AU - Yang, Z AU - Zietlow, D AU - Ball, J AU - Stachnik, J AU - Mungov, G AU - Savage, M AU - Hammond, K A T AU - Wallace, L M AU - Bangs, N AU - Bell, R E AU - Henrys, S A AU - Mountjoy, J J AU - Pecher, I A AU - Silver, E A Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 PB - GNS Science, Lower Hutt VL - 39 SN - 1177-2441, 1177-2441 KW - South Island KW - ocean bottom seismographs KW - seismographs KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1008850292?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GNS+Science+Miscellaneous+Series&rft.atitle=Seafloor+seismic+observations+flanking+the+South+Island+of+New+Zealand%3B+the+MOANA+Ocean+Bottom+Seismic+Experiment&rft.au=Sheehan%2C+A%3BCollins%2C+J%3BMolnar%2C+P%3BYang%2C+Z%3BZietlow%2C+D%3BBall%2C+J%3BStachnik%2C+J%3BMungov%2C+G%3BSavage%2C+M%3BHammond%2C+K+A+T%3BWallace%2C+L+M%3BBangs%2C+N%3BBell%2C+R+E%3BHenrys%2C+S+A%3BMountjoy%2C+J+J%3BPecher%2C+I+A%3BSilver%2C+E+A&rft.aulast=Sheehan&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=9780478198478&rft.btitle=&rft.title=GNS+Science+Miscellaneous+Series&rft.issn=11772441&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - IODP workshop on Using ocean drilling to unlock the secrets of slow slip events N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences Limited (GNS Science), Lower Hutt, New Zealand N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-20 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ocean bottom seismographs; seismographs; South Island ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the variability of the Mediterranean outflow water in the North Atlantic from 1948 to 2006 AN - 1008818462; 2012-041084 AB - Recent work has shown that variability in the properties and/or transport of Mediterranean Seawaters spilling across the Strait of Gibraltar into the North Atlantic have had little impact on the variability of Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW) in the that basin over the past fifty years. Here we investigate whether circulation changes are the dominant source of MOW variability in the North Atlantic between 1948 and 2006. Using a 1/3 degrees North Atlantic configuration of the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model combined with the Marginal Sea Boundary Condition model, two simulations forced by either climatological or interannual atmospheric fields are performed. The interannual simulation reproduces the observed MOW variability without Mediterranean Seawater changes. Thus, we conclude that MOW variability in the last 60 years is a consequence of circulation changes in the North Atlantic. A series of simulations that separate the mechanical effect of the wind from the impact of buoyancy forcing show that MOW variability can be attributed to shifts between its dominant northward and westward pathways. The pathway shifts from predominantly northward between 1950 and 1975 to predominantly westward between 1975 and 1995 and finally back to northward after 1995. Though these pathway shifts appear to be wind-induced, the property changes are caused by the combined impact of wind and buoyancy forcing on the circulation of the North Atlantic. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research AU - Bozec, Alexandra AU - Lozier, M Susan AU - Chassignet, Eric P AU - Halliwell, George R Y1 - 2011 PY - 2011 DA - 2011 EP - Citation C09033 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 116 IS - C9 SN - 0148-0227, 0148-0227 KW - currents KW - ocean circulation KW - Strait of Gibraltar KW - marine transport KW - ocean currents KW - atmospheric circulation KW - thermohaline circulation KW - transport KW - climate effects KW - Mediterranean Sea KW - North Atlantic KW - winds KW - West Mediterranean KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1008818462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=On+the+variability+of+the+Mediterranean+outflow+water+in+the+North+Atlantic+from+1948+to+2006&rft.au=Bozec%2C+Alexandra%3BLozier%2C+M+Susan%3BChassignet%2C+Eric+P%3BHalliwell%2C+George+R&rft.aulast=Bozec&rft.aufirst=Alexandra&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=C9&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=01480227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2011JC007191 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/jgr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by, and/or abstract, Copyright, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; atmospheric circulation; climate effects; currents; marine transport; Mediterranean Sea; North Atlantic; ocean circulation; ocean currents; Strait of Gibraltar; thermohaline circulation; transport; West Mediterranean; winds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011JC007191 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Probabilistic Approaches to Setting Acceptable Biological Catch and Annual Catch Targets for Multiple Years: Reconciling Methodology with National Standards Guidelines AN - 904466706; 14309112 AB - In U.S. federal fishery management, acceptable biological catch (ABC) is set below (or equal to) the overfishing limit to account for scientific uncertainty, and annual catch targets (ACTs) are set below (or equal to) the ABC to account for implementation uncertainty (i.e., imperfect management control). In previous papers, we discussed probabilistic approaches to setting target and limit reference points for fishery management. Here, we explain how those approaches can be adapted to provide ABCs and ACTs over multiple years and otherwise made consist with recent revisions to the National Standards Guidelines, a part of the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations that describes implementation of the Magnuson-Stevens Reauthorization Act. Although described in terms of U.S. fishery management, our methods are sufficiently general for use by researchers in U.S. state agencies or elsewhere in the world. We demonstrate them via an example application to vermilion snapper Rhomboplites aurorubens in U.S. Atlantic waters. JF - Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science AU - Shertzer, Kyle W AU - Prager, Michael H AU - Williams, Erik H AD - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, 101 Pivers Island Road, Beaufort, North Carolina 28516, USA Y1 - 2010/12/30/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Dec 30 SP - 451 EP - 458 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA IS - 2010 SN - 1942-5120, 1942-5120 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Marine KW - USA KW - Fishery management KW - Rhomboplites aurorubens KW - Overfishing KW - Coastal fisheries KW - Governments KW - A, Atlantic KW - Methodology KW - Coastal zone management KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/904466706?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Thermal+Envelope+and+Building+Science&rft.atitle=Thermal+properties+of+high-volume+fly+ash+mortars+and+concretes&rft.au=Bentz%2C+D+P%3BPeltz%2C+MA%3BDuran-Herrera%2C+A%3BValdez%2C+P%3BJuarez%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Bentz&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=263&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Thermal+Envelope+and+Building+Science&rft.issn=10971963&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fishery management; Overfishing; Governments; Coastal fisheries; Coastal zone management; Methodology; Rhomboplites aurorubens; USA; A, Atlantic; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/fidm-02-17-01 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tooth chipping can reveal the diet and bite forces of fossil hominins AN - 1371766653; 2013-050898 AB - Mammalian tooth enamel is often chipped, providing clear evidence for localized contacts with large hard food objects. Here, we apply a simple fracture equation to estimate peak bite forces directly from chip size. Many fossil hominins exhibit antemortem chips on their posterior teeth, indicating their use of high bite forces. The inference that these species must have consumed large hard foods such as seeds is supported by the occurrence of similar chips among known modern-day seed predators such as orangutans and peccaries. The existence of tooth chip signatures also provides a way of identifying the consumption of rarely eaten foods that dental microwear and isotopic analysis are unlikely to detect. JF - Biology Letters AU - Constantino, Paul J AU - Lee, James J W AU - Chai, Herzl AU - Zipfel, Bernhard AU - Ziscovici, Charles AU - Lawn, Brian R AU - Lucas, Peter W Y1 - 2010/12/23/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Dec 23 SP - 826 EP - 829 PB - Royal Society, London VL - 6 IS - 6 SN - 1744-9561, 1744-9561 KW - Chordata KW - modern analogs KW - diet KW - living taxa KW - Paranthropus KW - enamel KW - biomechanics KW - Australopithecus KW - Mammalia KW - feeding KW - Homo KW - Australopithecinae KW - teeth KW - Primates KW - Hominidae KW - Theria KW - cracks KW - Vertebrata KW - Eutheria KW - Tetrapoda KW - 11:Vertebrate paleontology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1371766653?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biology+Letters&rft.atitle=Tooth+chipping+can+reveal+the+diet+and+bite+forces+of+fossil+hominins&rft.au=Constantino%2C+Paul+J%3BLee%2C+James+J+W%3BChai%2C+Herzl%3BZipfel%2C+Bernhard%3BZiscovici%2C+Charles%3BLawn%2C+Brian+R%3BLucas%2C+Peter+W&rft.aulast=Constantino&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2010-12-23&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=826&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biology+Letters&rft.issn=17449561&rft_id=info:doi/10.1098%2Frsbl.2010.0304 L2 - http://rsbl.royalsocietypublishing.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Royal Society, London, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Supplemental information/data is available in the online version of this article; NSF grants 0851351 and 0725122 N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australopithecinae; Australopithecus; biomechanics; Chordata; cracks; diet; enamel; Eutheria; feeding; Hominidae; Homo; living taxa; Mammalia; modern analogs; Paranthropus; Primates; teeth; Tetrapoda; Theria; Vertebrata DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2010.0304 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - GULF OF MEXICO RANGE COMPLEX, ALABAMA, FLORIDA, LOUISIANA, MISSISSIPPI, AND TEXAS. [Part 2 of 2] T2 - GULF OF MEXICO RANGE COMPLEX, ALABAMA, FLORIDA, LOUISIANA, MISSISSIPPI, AND TEXAS. AN - 873129345; 14746-6_0002 AB - PURPOSE: The assessment of a proposed 10-year plan for Navy training and Navy research, development, test and evaluation (RDT&E) activities, and associated range capabilities enhancements in the Gulf of Mexico Range Complex (GOMEX) is presented. GOMEX encompasses offshore operating areas, inland ranges, and associated airspace within the Gulf of Mexico and the states of Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas. The GOMEX encompasses 17,440 square nautical miles of offshore surface and subsurface operating areas and 12,072 square nautical miles of shallow ocean area less than 600 feet deep. These offshore operating areas include overlying special use airspace called warning areas. The GOMEX also encompasses 19.8 square miles of land area, including two land targets (McMullen County Range and Noxubee County Range) and the associated restricted airspace. In addition, the complex includes several high altitude overland airspace areas known as military operating areas. Finally, the complex includes several other training areas, including the Naval Air Station Panama City Demolition Pond and the Western Maneuver Area at the Stennis Space Center. The complex would host research and training activities in all eight functional areas associated with Navy primary mission areas, specifically, air warfare, strike warfare, mine warfare, amphibious warfare, surface warfare, anti-submarine warfare, electronic combat, and naval special warfare. Key issues identified during scoping include those related to potential impacts on commercial shipping, the tourism industry, marine mammals and essential fish habitat, coastal zones, and submerged cultural resources. Three alternatives, including a No Action Alternative which would perpetuate current training activities within GOMEX, are considered in this final EIS. The preferred alternative (Alternative 2) would significantly expand training and RDT&E activities throughout GOMEX in response to the recently developed Fleet Response Training Plan. Training modifications would include conducting new unit level training associated with Strike Fighter Squadron VFA-204 air-to-surface bomb training and elimination of mine warfare training within the GOMEX. The use of high explosive (HE) bombs during most major exercise air-to-surface bombing events would be eliminated in favor of non-explosive practice munition bombs. Under Alternative 2, four HE bombs would be used during one unit level training event. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the 10-year plan would help achieve and maintain fleet readiness by upgrading and modernizing existing range capabilities to enhance Navy training and RDT&E activities. The Navy could continue to effectively counter the array of threats it faces by bringing together thousands of sailors and marines, their equipment, vehicles, ships, and aircraft for training purposes within the GOMEX. The complex would also support joint training operations with other branches of the U.S. military and with the military of U.S. allies. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Continued environmental and/or social stressors resulting from operations within GOMEX would include vessel movement disturbance; towed mine warfare devices; aircraft noise, including sonic booms; explosion of high-explosive ordnance; disturbances caused by the use of non-explosive munitions; and detritus from expended material. The use of explosive munitions would release toxins into aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Underwater explosions and the use of sonar could affect the directional abilities of marine mammals, and a number of the animals would be injured or killed due to collisions with vessels. Explosives and ship movements would also place sea turtles at risk, including endangered species. Restrictions on airspace and Gulf operating areas would prevent the use of these areas by other transportation interests during operations, though such operations would invariably be of short duration. LEGAL MANDATES: Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (43 U.S.C. 1465) and Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1361 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0012D, Volume 33, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100476, Final EIS--944 pages and Appendices--436 pages on CD-ROM, December 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 2 KW - Defense Programs KW - Aircraft KW - Aircraft Noise KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Marine Mammals KW - Marine Surveys KW - Marine Systems KW - Military Facilities (Navy) KW - Military Operations (Navy) KW - Munitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Research KW - Research Facilities KW - Safety Analyses KW - Ships KW - Sonic Booms KW - Submarines KW - Transportation KW - Weapon Systems KW - Alabama KW - Florida KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - Texas KW - Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, Compliance KW - Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129345?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=GULF+OF+MEXICO+RANGE+COMPLEX%2C+ALABAMA%2C+FLORIDA%2C+LOUISIANA%2C+MISSISSIPPI%2C+AND+TEXAS.&rft.title=GULF+OF+MEXICO+RANGE+COMPLEX%2C+ALABAMA%2C+FLORIDA%2C+LOUISIANA%2C+MISSISSIPPI%2C+AND+TEXAS.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Navy, United States Fleet Forces, Norfolk, Virginia; NAVY N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - GULF OF MEXICO RANGE COMPLEX, ALABAMA, FLORIDA, LOUISIANA, MISSISSIPPI, AND TEXAS. [Part 1 of 2] T2 - GULF OF MEXICO RANGE COMPLEX, ALABAMA, FLORIDA, LOUISIANA, MISSISSIPPI, AND TEXAS. AN - 873129025; 14746-6_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The assessment of a proposed 10-year plan for Navy training and Navy research, development, test and evaluation (RDT&E) activities, and associated range capabilities enhancements in the Gulf of Mexico Range Complex (GOMEX) is presented. GOMEX encompasses offshore operating areas, inland ranges, and associated airspace within the Gulf of Mexico and the states of Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas. The GOMEX encompasses 17,440 square nautical miles of offshore surface and subsurface operating areas and 12,072 square nautical miles of shallow ocean area less than 600 feet deep. These offshore operating areas include overlying special use airspace called warning areas. The GOMEX also encompasses 19.8 square miles of land area, including two land targets (McMullen County Range and Noxubee County Range) and the associated restricted airspace. In addition, the complex includes several high altitude overland airspace areas known as military operating areas. Finally, the complex includes several other training areas, including the Naval Air Station Panama City Demolition Pond and the Western Maneuver Area at the Stennis Space Center. The complex would host research and training activities in all eight functional areas associated with Navy primary mission areas, specifically, air warfare, strike warfare, mine warfare, amphibious warfare, surface warfare, anti-submarine warfare, electronic combat, and naval special warfare. Key issues identified during scoping include those related to potential impacts on commercial shipping, the tourism industry, marine mammals and essential fish habitat, coastal zones, and submerged cultural resources. Three alternatives, including a No Action Alternative which would perpetuate current training activities within GOMEX, are considered in this final EIS. The preferred alternative (Alternative 2) would significantly expand training and RDT&E activities throughout GOMEX in response to the recently developed Fleet Response Training Plan. Training modifications would include conducting new unit level training associated with Strike Fighter Squadron VFA-204 air-to-surface bomb training and elimination of mine warfare training within the GOMEX. The use of high explosive (HE) bombs during most major exercise air-to-surface bombing events would be eliminated in favor of non-explosive practice munition bombs. Under Alternative 2, four HE bombs would be used during one unit level training event. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the 10-year plan would help achieve and maintain fleet readiness by upgrading and modernizing existing range capabilities to enhance Navy training and RDT&E activities. The Navy could continue to effectively counter the array of threats it faces by bringing together thousands of sailors and marines, their equipment, vehicles, ships, and aircraft for training purposes within the GOMEX. The complex would also support joint training operations with other branches of the U.S. military and with the military of U.S. allies. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Continued environmental and/or social stressors resulting from operations within GOMEX would include vessel movement disturbance; towed mine warfare devices; aircraft noise, including sonic booms; explosion of high-explosive ordnance; disturbances caused by the use of non-explosive munitions; and detritus from expended material. The use of explosive munitions would release toxins into aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Underwater explosions and the use of sonar could affect the directional abilities of marine mammals, and a number of the animals would be injured or killed due to collisions with vessels. Explosives and ship movements would also place sea turtles at risk, including endangered species. Restrictions on airspace and Gulf operating areas would prevent the use of these areas by other transportation interests during operations, though such operations would invariably be of short duration. LEGAL MANDATES: Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (43 U.S.C. 1465) and Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1361 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0012D, Volume 33, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100476, Final EIS--944 pages and Appendices--436 pages on CD-ROM, December 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 1 KW - Defense Programs KW - Aircraft KW - Aircraft Noise KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Marine Mammals KW - Marine Surveys KW - Marine Systems KW - Military Facilities (Navy) KW - Military Operations (Navy) KW - Munitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Research KW - Research Facilities KW - Safety Analyses KW - Ships KW - Sonic Booms KW - Submarines KW - Transportation KW - Weapon Systems KW - Alabama KW - Florida KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - Texas KW - Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, Compliance KW - Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129025?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=GULF+OF+MEXICO+RANGE+COMPLEX%2C+ALABAMA%2C+FLORIDA%2C+LOUISIANA%2C+MISSISSIPPI%2C+AND+TEXAS.&rft.title=GULF+OF+MEXICO+RANGE+COMPLEX%2C+ALABAMA%2C+FLORIDA%2C+LOUISIANA%2C+MISSISSIPPI%2C+AND+TEXAS.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Navy, United States Fleet Forces, Norfolk, Virginia; NAVY N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - GULF OF MEXICO RANGE COMPLEX, ALABAMA, FLORIDA, LOUISIANA, MISSISSIPPI, AND TEXAS. AN - 16369150; 14746 AB - PURPOSE: The assessment of a proposed 10-year plan for Navy training and Navy research, development, test and evaluation (RDT&E) activities, and associated range capabilities enhancements in the Gulf of Mexico Range Complex (GOMEX) is presented. GOMEX encompasses offshore operating areas, inland ranges, and associated airspace within the Gulf of Mexico and the states of Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas. The GOMEX encompasses 17,440 square nautical miles of offshore surface and subsurface operating areas and 12,072 square nautical miles of shallow ocean area less than 600 feet deep. These offshore operating areas include overlying special use airspace called warning areas. The GOMEX also encompasses 19.8 square miles of land area, including two land targets (McMullen County Range and Noxubee County Range) and the associated restricted airspace. In addition, the complex includes several high altitude overland airspace areas known as military operating areas. Finally, the complex includes several other training areas, including the Naval Air Station Panama City Demolition Pond and the Western Maneuver Area at the Stennis Space Center. The complex would host research and training activities in all eight functional areas associated with Navy primary mission areas, specifically, air warfare, strike warfare, mine warfare, amphibious warfare, surface warfare, anti-submarine warfare, electronic combat, and naval special warfare. Key issues identified during scoping include those related to potential impacts on commercial shipping, the tourism industry, marine mammals and essential fish habitat, coastal zones, and submerged cultural resources. Three alternatives, including a No Action Alternative which would perpetuate current training activities within GOMEX, are considered in this final EIS. The preferred alternative (Alternative 2) would significantly expand training and RDT&E activities throughout GOMEX in response to the recently developed Fleet Response Training Plan. Training modifications would include conducting new unit level training associated with Strike Fighter Squadron VFA-204 air-to-surface bomb training and elimination of mine warfare training within the GOMEX. The use of high explosive (HE) bombs during most major exercise air-to-surface bombing events would be eliminated in favor of non-explosive practice munition bombs. Under Alternative 2, four HE bombs would be used during one unit level training event. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the 10-year plan would help achieve and maintain fleet readiness by upgrading and modernizing existing range capabilities to enhance Navy training and RDT&E activities. The Navy could continue to effectively counter the array of threats it faces by bringing together thousands of sailors and marines, their equipment, vehicles, ships, and aircraft for training purposes within the GOMEX. The complex would also support joint training operations with other branches of the U.S. military and with the military of U.S. allies. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Continued environmental and/or social stressors resulting from operations within GOMEX would include vessel movement disturbance; towed mine warfare devices; aircraft noise, including sonic booms; explosion of high-explosive ordnance; disturbances caused by the use of non-explosive munitions; and detritus from expended material. The use of explosive munitions would release toxins into aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Underwater explosions and the use of sonar could affect the directional abilities of marine mammals, and a number of the animals would be injured or killed due to collisions with vessels. Explosives and ship movements would also place sea turtles at risk, including endangered species. Restrictions on airspace and Gulf operating areas would prevent the use of these areas by other transportation interests during operations, though such operations would invariably be of short duration. LEGAL MANDATES: Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (43 U.S.C. 1465) and Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1361 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0012D, Volume 33, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100476, Final EIS--944 pages and Appendices--436 pages on CD-ROM, December 16, 2010 PY - 2010 KW - Defense Programs KW - Aircraft KW - Aircraft Noise KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Marine Mammals KW - Marine Surveys KW - Marine Systems KW - Military Facilities (Navy) KW - Military Operations (Navy) KW - Munitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Research KW - Research Facilities KW - Safety Analyses KW - Ships KW - Sonic Booms KW - Submarines KW - Transportation KW - Weapon Systems KW - Alabama KW - Florida KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - Texas KW - Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, Compliance KW - Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16369150?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=GULF+OF+MEXICO+RANGE+COMPLEX%2C+ALABAMA%2C+FLORIDA%2C+LOUISIANA%2C+MISSISSIPPI%2C+AND+TEXAS.&rft.title=GULF+OF+MEXICO+RANGE+COMPLEX%2C+ALABAMA%2C+FLORIDA%2C+LOUISIANA%2C+MISSISSIPPI%2C+AND+TEXAS.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Navy, United States Fleet Forces, Norfolk, Virginia; NAVY N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Topological analysis of the ecological importance of elasmobranch fishes: A food web study on the Gulf of Tortugas, Colombia AN - 807294134; 13890382 AB - We built a trophic network based on a matrix of interspecific trophic relationships to assess the role of elasmobranch fishes in shaping community structure of the Gulf of Tortugas in the Colombian Pacific Ocean. We analyzed diet similarities to define trophic components (nodes) - rather than taxonomical groups - in the network. We evaluated the ecological function of species or trophic entities through topological analysis of their structural importance in trophic networks by applying one local and several mesoscale network indices. We found that top predatory elasmobranchs play an important ecological role in top-down control and in propagating indirect effects through the system owing to high values of the node degree, centrality and topological importance indices. However, invertebrates and teleost fishes had higher connectivity and topological importance than other elasmobranchs in the network before and after removal of top predators from the system. Results from our study thus suggest that elasmobranchs at intermediate trophic levels - commonly referred to as "mesopredators" - are not so important in all complex coastal ecosystems as previously reported. JF - Ecological Modelling AU - Navia, Andres F AU - Cortes, Enric AU - Mejia-Falla, Paola A AD - Fundacion Colombiana para la Investigacion y Conservacion de Tiburones y Rayas, SQUALUS, Carrera 79 No 6-37, Cali, Colombia, enric.cortes@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/12/15/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Dec 15 SP - 2918 EP - 2926 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 221 IS - 24 SN - 0304-3800, 0304-3800 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Sharks KW - Skates KW - Rays KW - Food webs KW - Key species KW - Mesopredators KW - ASW, Colombia KW - Predators KW - trophic relationships KW - Trophic relationships KW - invertebrates KW - Pisces KW - Marine fish KW - food webs KW - Diets KW - Marine KW - Mathematical models KW - Teleostei KW - Trophic levels KW - predators KW - Community composition KW - Community structure KW - Oceans KW - Fish KW - Nodes KW - Elasmobranchii KW - D 04030:Models, Methods, Remote Sensing KW - O 1050:Vertebrates, Urochordates and Cephalochordates KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - Q1 08485:Species interactions: pests and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/807294134?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+and+Coastal+Fisheries%3A+Dynamics%2C+Management%2C+and+Ecosystem+Science&rft.atitle=Defining+Essential+Fish+Habitat+for+Atka+Mackerel+with+Respect+to+Feeding+within+and+Adjacent+to+Aleutian+Islands+Trawl+Exclusion+Zones&rft.au=Rand%2C+Kimberly+M%3BLowe%2C+Sandra+A&rft.aulast=Rand&rft.aufirst=Kimberly&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+and+Coastal+Fisheries%3A+Dynamics%2C+Management%2C+and+Ecosystem+Science&rft.issn=19425120&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F15427951.2010.558402 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Community composition; Trophic relationships; Food webs; Diets; Mathematical models; Community structure; Oceans; Predators; Nodes; Trophic levels; Fish; trophic relationships; food webs; invertebrates; predators; Pisces; Elasmobranchii; Teleostei; ASW, Colombia; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2010.09.006 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - MISSISSIPPI RIVER GULF OUTLET (MRGO) ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION STUDY, LOUISIANA AND MISSISSIPPI. [Part 8 of 9] T2 - MISSISSIPPI RIVER GULF OUTLET (MRGO) ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION STUDY, LOUISIANA AND MISSISSIPPI. AN - 873127459; 14738-8_0008 AB - PURPOSE: A comprehensive restoration plan to restore the Lake Borgne ecosystem and the areas affected by the Mississippi River Gulf Outlet (MRGO) navigation channel within coastal southeast Louisiana and parts of southwest Mississippi is proposed. The study area includes portions of the Mississippi River Deltaic Plain and encompasses approximately 3.86 million acres or over 6,000 square miles. In Louisiana, the study area includes the Pontchartrain Basin, which is comprised of the Upper, Middle, and Lower sub-basins. The Upper Pontchartrain sub-basin includes Lake Maurepas and its adjacent wetlands and swamps. The Middle Pontchartrain sub-basin is comprised of Lake Pontchartrain, its adjacent cities and towns, and surrounding wetlands. The Lower Pontchartrain sub-basin includes Lake Borgne, the deauthorized MRGO, the Mississippi River, Chandeleur and Breton Sounds, portions of the Gulf of Mexico, and the surrounding wetlands, barrier islands, and communities. In Mississippi, the study area includes the Western Mississippi Sound, its bordering wetlands, and Cat Island. Louisiana parishes in the study area include Ascension, Jefferson, Livingston, Orleans, Plaquemines, St. Bernard, St. Charles, St. James, St. John the Baptist, St. Tammany and Tangipahoa. Mississippi counties include portions of Hancock and Harrison. Construction and operation of the MRGO, in combination with other natural and man-made factors, has caused direct, indirect and cumulative land loss, shoreline erosion, saltwater intrusion, habitat modification, and impacts to wildlife and fisheries resources throughout the project area. In August 2005, Hurricane Katrina caused shoaling in the MRGO channel and, after Congressional request for a plan, the MRGO was officially de-authorized from the confluence with the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway to the Gulf of Mexico as a federal navigation channel. A rock closure structure was constructed across the outlet near the Bayou La Loutre Ridge in St. Bernard Parish in 2009. Four alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative A), are evaluated in this draft EIS. Alternative C, which is the National Ecosystem Restoration Plan and the tentatively selected plan, would restore approximately 58,861 acres of habitat, including 13,950 acres of fresh and intermediate marsh; 33,966 acres of brackish marsh; 10,431 acres of cypress swamp; 466 acres of saline marsh; and 48 acres of ridge habitat. Alternative C includes approximately 70 miles of shoreline protection, and adaptively managed freshwater diversion near Violet, Louisiana. The Violet Freshwater Diversion, pulsing 7,000 cubic feet per second from April to May would influence 115,078 acres. Approximately 11,222 acres of the restoration and protection features would be located in the East Orleans Landbridge/Pearl River area and approximately 9,301 acres of restoration features would be located in the Biloxi Marsh area, which have been determined to be critical landscape features with respect to storm surge. Additionally, the cypress swamp and ridge restoration features include forested habitat demonstrated as having some storm surge damage risk reduction benefits. Three recreation features are proposed under the tentatively selected plan and would be located at Orleans Parish's Bienvenue Triangle, the Violet Freshwater Diversion site in St. Bernard's Parish, and Shell Beach, also in St. Bernard's Parish. Total project construction costs under the tentatively selected plan are estimated at $2.9 billion. POSITIVE IMPACTS: A comprehensive ecosystem restoration plan would modify the MRGO and restore the areas affected by the navigation channel, restore natural features of the ecosystem that will reduce or prevent damage from storm surge, and prevent the intrusion of saltwater into the waterway. The Violet Freshwater Diversion would mimic natural processes and enhance the sustainability of the system through the input of freshwater, nutrients, and sediment. Anticipated outputs of the tentatively selected plan would help address the current trend of degradation of the Lake Borgne ecosystem, support nationally significant resources, provide a sustainable and diverse array of fish and wildlife habitats, provide infrastructure protection, and make progress towards a more sustainable ecosystem. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: The diversion channel would result in the loss of 284 acres of prime farmland and 245 acres of wetland. Restoration of the Bayou La Loutre Ridge would result in permanent impacts to 48 acres of brackish marsh. Turbidity as a result of dredging and construction would impact oyster leases temporarily. The impacts of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill and various emergency actions to address oil spill impacts could impact the restoration project. LEGAL MANDATES: Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958 (P.L. 85-624) and Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (P.L. 110-114). JF - EPA number: 100468, Draft EIS--543 pages, Draft Feasibility Report--274 pages, December 10, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 8 KW - Water KW - Channels KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Diversion Structures KW - Dredging KW - Fish KW - Hurricanes KW - Hydrology KW - Lakes KW - Recreation Facilities KW - Salinity Control KW - Sediment KW - Shellfish KW - Shores KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Lake Borgne KW - Lake Pontchartrain KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - Mississippi River KW - Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 2007, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=CH&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=190&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+and+Coastal+Fisheries%3A+Dynamics%2C+Management%2C+and+Ecosystem+Science&rft.issn=19425120&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F19425120.2010.549047 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, New Orleans, Louisiana; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: December 10, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - MISSISSIPPI RIVER GULF OUTLET (MRGO) ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION STUDY, LOUISIANA AND MISSISSIPPI. [Part 7 of 9] T2 - MISSISSIPPI RIVER GULF OUTLET (MRGO) ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION STUDY, LOUISIANA AND MISSISSIPPI. AN - 873127453; 14738-8_0007 AB - PURPOSE: A comprehensive restoration plan to restore the Lake Borgne ecosystem and the areas affected by the Mississippi River Gulf Outlet (MRGO) navigation channel within coastal southeast Louisiana and parts of southwest Mississippi is proposed. The study area includes portions of the Mississippi River Deltaic Plain and encompasses approximately 3.86 million acres or over 6,000 square miles. In Louisiana, the study area includes the Pontchartrain Basin, which is comprised of the Upper, Middle, and Lower sub-basins. The Upper Pontchartrain sub-basin includes Lake Maurepas and its adjacent wetlands and swamps. The Middle Pontchartrain sub-basin is comprised of Lake Pontchartrain, its adjacent cities and towns, and surrounding wetlands. The Lower Pontchartrain sub-basin includes Lake Borgne, the deauthorized MRGO, the Mississippi River, Chandeleur and Breton Sounds, portions of the Gulf of Mexico, and the surrounding wetlands, barrier islands, and communities. In Mississippi, the study area includes the Western Mississippi Sound, its bordering wetlands, and Cat Island. Louisiana parishes in the study area include Ascension, Jefferson, Livingston, Orleans, Plaquemines, St. Bernard, St. Charles, St. James, St. John the Baptist, St. Tammany and Tangipahoa. Mississippi counties include portions of Hancock and Harrison. Construction and operation of the MRGO, in combination with other natural and man-made factors, has caused direct, indirect and cumulative land loss, shoreline erosion, saltwater intrusion, habitat modification, and impacts to wildlife and fisheries resources throughout the project area. In August 2005, Hurricane Katrina caused shoaling in the MRGO channel and, after Congressional request for a plan, the MRGO was officially de-authorized from the confluence with the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway to the Gulf of Mexico as a federal navigation channel. A rock closure structure was constructed across the outlet near the Bayou La Loutre Ridge in St. Bernard Parish in 2009. Four alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative A), are evaluated in this draft EIS. Alternative C, which is the National Ecosystem Restoration Plan and the tentatively selected plan, would restore approximately 58,861 acres of habitat, including 13,950 acres of fresh and intermediate marsh; 33,966 acres of brackish marsh; 10,431 acres of cypress swamp; 466 acres of saline marsh; and 48 acres of ridge habitat. Alternative C includes approximately 70 miles of shoreline protection, and adaptively managed freshwater diversion near Violet, Louisiana. The Violet Freshwater Diversion, pulsing 7,000 cubic feet per second from April to May would influence 115,078 acres. Approximately 11,222 acres of the restoration and protection features would be located in the East Orleans Landbridge/Pearl River area and approximately 9,301 acres of restoration features would be located in the Biloxi Marsh area, which have been determined to be critical landscape features with respect to storm surge. Additionally, the cypress swamp and ridge restoration features include forested habitat demonstrated as having some storm surge damage risk reduction benefits. Three recreation features are proposed under the tentatively selected plan and would be located at Orleans Parish's Bienvenue Triangle, the Violet Freshwater Diversion site in St. Bernard's Parish, and Shell Beach, also in St. Bernard's Parish. Total project construction costs under the tentatively selected plan are estimated at $2.9 billion. POSITIVE IMPACTS: A comprehensive ecosystem restoration plan would modify the MRGO and restore the areas affected by the navigation channel, restore natural features of the ecosystem that will reduce or prevent damage from storm surge, and prevent the intrusion of saltwater into the waterway. The Violet Freshwater Diversion would mimic natural processes and enhance the sustainability of the system through the input of freshwater, nutrients, and sediment. Anticipated outputs of the tentatively selected plan would help address the current trend of degradation of the Lake Borgne ecosystem, support nationally significant resources, provide a sustainable and diverse array of fish and wildlife habitats, provide infrastructure protection, and make progress towards a more sustainable ecosystem. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: The diversion channel would result in the loss of 284 acres of prime farmland and 245 acres of wetland. Restoration of the Bayou La Loutre Ridge would result in permanent impacts to 48 acres of brackish marsh. Turbidity as a result of dredging and construction would impact oyster leases temporarily. The impacts of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill and various emergency actions to address oil spill impacts could impact the restoration project. LEGAL MANDATES: Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958 (P.L. 85-624) and Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (P.L. 110-114). JF - EPA number: 100468, Draft EIS--543 pages, Draft Feasibility Report--274 pages, December 10, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 7 KW - Water KW - Channels KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Diversion Structures KW - Dredging KW - Fish KW - Hurricanes KW - Hydrology KW - Lakes KW - Recreation Facilities KW - Salinity Control KW - Sediment KW - Shellfish KW - Shores KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Lake Borgne KW - Lake Pontchartrain KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - Mississippi River KW - Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 2007, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127453?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=MISSISSIPPI+RIVER+GULF+OUTLET+%28MRGO%29+ECOSYSTEM+RESTORATION+STUDY%2C+LOUISIANA+AND+MISSISSIPPI.&rft.title=MISSISSIPPI+RIVER+GULF+OUTLET+%28MRGO%29+ECOSYSTEM+RESTORATION+STUDY%2C+LOUISIANA+AND+MISSISSIPPI.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, New Orleans, Louisiana; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: December 10, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - MISSISSIPPI RIVER GULF OUTLET (MRGO) ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION STUDY, LOUISIANA AND MISSISSIPPI. [Part 6 of 9] T2 - MISSISSIPPI RIVER GULF OUTLET (MRGO) ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION STUDY, LOUISIANA AND MISSISSIPPI. AN - 873127442; 14738-8_0006 AB - PURPOSE: A comprehensive restoration plan to restore the Lake Borgne ecosystem and the areas affected by the Mississippi River Gulf Outlet (MRGO) navigation channel within coastal southeast Louisiana and parts of southwest Mississippi is proposed. The study area includes portions of the Mississippi River Deltaic Plain and encompasses approximately 3.86 million acres or over 6,000 square miles. In Louisiana, the study area includes the Pontchartrain Basin, which is comprised of the Upper, Middle, and Lower sub-basins. The Upper Pontchartrain sub-basin includes Lake Maurepas and its adjacent wetlands and swamps. The Middle Pontchartrain sub-basin is comprised of Lake Pontchartrain, its adjacent cities and towns, and surrounding wetlands. The Lower Pontchartrain sub-basin includes Lake Borgne, the deauthorized MRGO, the Mississippi River, Chandeleur and Breton Sounds, portions of the Gulf of Mexico, and the surrounding wetlands, barrier islands, and communities. In Mississippi, the study area includes the Western Mississippi Sound, its bordering wetlands, and Cat Island. Louisiana parishes in the study area include Ascension, Jefferson, Livingston, Orleans, Plaquemines, St. Bernard, St. Charles, St. James, St. John the Baptist, St. Tammany and Tangipahoa. Mississippi counties include portions of Hancock and Harrison. Construction and operation of the MRGO, in combination with other natural and man-made factors, has caused direct, indirect and cumulative land loss, shoreline erosion, saltwater intrusion, habitat modification, and impacts to wildlife and fisheries resources throughout the project area. In August 2005, Hurricane Katrina caused shoaling in the MRGO channel and, after Congressional request for a plan, the MRGO was officially de-authorized from the confluence with the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway to the Gulf of Mexico as a federal navigation channel. A rock closure structure was constructed across the outlet near the Bayou La Loutre Ridge in St. Bernard Parish in 2009. Four alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative A), are evaluated in this draft EIS. Alternative C, which is the National Ecosystem Restoration Plan and the tentatively selected plan, would restore approximately 58,861 acres of habitat, including 13,950 acres of fresh and intermediate marsh; 33,966 acres of brackish marsh; 10,431 acres of cypress swamp; 466 acres of saline marsh; and 48 acres of ridge habitat. Alternative C includes approximately 70 miles of shoreline protection, and adaptively managed freshwater diversion near Violet, Louisiana. The Violet Freshwater Diversion, pulsing 7,000 cubic feet per second from April to May would influence 115,078 acres. Approximately 11,222 acres of the restoration and protection features would be located in the East Orleans Landbridge/Pearl River area and approximately 9,301 acres of restoration features would be located in the Biloxi Marsh area, which have been determined to be critical landscape features with respect to storm surge. Additionally, the cypress swamp and ridge restoration features include forested habitat demonstrated as having some storm surge damage risk reduction benefits. Three recreation features are proposed under the tentatively selected plan and would be located at Orleans Parish's Bienvenue Triangle, the Violet Freshwater Diversion site in St. Bernard's Parish, and Shell Beach, also in St. Bernard's Parish. Total project construction costs under the tentatively selected plan are estimated at $2.9 billion. POSITIVE IMPACTS: A comprehensive ecosystem restoration plan would modify the MRGO and restore the areas affected by the navigation channel, restore natural features of the ecosystem that will reduce or prevent damage from storm surge, and prevent the intrusion of saltwater into the waterway. The Violet Freshwater Diversion would mimic natural processes and enhance the sustainability of the system through the input of freshwater, nutrients, and sediment. Anticipated outputs of the tentatively selected plan would help address the current trend of degradation of the Lake Borgne ecosystem, support nationally significant resources, provide a sustainable and diverse array of fish and wildlife habitats, provide infrastructure protection, and make progress towards a more sustainable ecosystem. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: The diversion channel would result in the loss of 284 acres of prime farmland and 245 acres of wetland. Restoration of the Bayou La Loutre Ridge would result in permanent impacts to 48 acres of brackish marsh. Turbidity as a result of dredging and construction would impact oyster leases temporarily. The impacts of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill and various emergency actions to address oil spill impacts could impact the restoration project. LEGAL MANDATES: Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958 (P.L. 85-624) and Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (P.L. 110-114). JF - EPA number: 100468, Draft EIS--543 pages, Draft Feasibility Report--274 pages, December 10, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 6 KW - Water KW - Channels KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Diversion Structures KW - Dredging KW - Fish KW - Hurricanes KW - Hydrology KW - Lakes KW - Recreation Facilities KW - Salinity Control KW - Sediment KW - Shellfish KW - Shores KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Lake Borgne KW - Lake Pontchartrain KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - Mississippi River KW - Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 2007, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127442?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=MISSISSIPPI+RIVER+GULF+OUTLET+%28MRGO%29+ECOSYSTEM+RESTORATION+STUDY%2C+LOUISIANA+AND+MISSISSIPPI.&rft.title=MISSISSIPPI+RIVER+GULF+OUTLET+%28MRGO%29+ECOSYSTEM+RESTORATION+STUDY%2C+LOUISIANA+AND+MISSISSIPPI.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, New Orleans, Louisiana; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: December 10, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - MISSISSIPPI RIVER GULF OUTLET (MRGO) ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION STUDY, LOUISIANA AND MISSISSIPPI. [Part 1 of 9] T2 - MISSISSIPPI RIVER GULF OUTLET (MRGO) ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION STUDY, LOUISIANA AND MISSISSIPPI. AN - 873126989; 14738-8_0001 AB - PURPOSE: A comprehensive restoration plan to restore the Lake Borgne ecosystem and the areas affected by the Mississippi River Gulf Outlet (MRGO) navigation channel within coastal southeast Louisiana and parts of southwest Mississippi is proposed. The study area includes portions of the Mississippi River Deltaic Plain and encompasses approximately 3.86 million acres or over 6,000 square miles. In Louisiana, the study area includes the Pontchartrain Basin, which is comprised of the Upper, Middle, and Lower sub-basins. The Upper Pontchartrain sub-basin includes Lake Maurepas and its adjacent wetlands and swamps. The Middle Pontchartrain sub-basin is comprised of Lake Pontchartrain, its adjacent cities and towns, and surrounding wetlands. The Lower Pontchartrain sub-basin includes Lake Borgne, the deauthorized MRGO, the Mississippi River, Chandeleur and Breton Sounds, portions of the Gulf of Mexico, and the surrounding wetlands, barrier islands, and communities. In Mississippi, the study area includes the Western Mississippi Sound, its bordering wetlands, and Cat Island. Louisiana parishes in the study area include Ascension, Jefferson, Livingston, Orleans, Plaquemines, St. Bernard, St. Charles, St. James, St. John the Baptist, St. Tammany and Tangipahoa. Mississippi counties include portions of Hancock and Harrison. Construction and operation of the MRGO, in combination with other natural and man-made factors, has caused direct, indirect and cumulative land loss, shoreline erosion, saltwater intrusion, habitat modification, and impacts to wildlife and fisheries resources throughout the project area. In August 2005, Hurricane Katrina caused shoaling in the MRGO channel and, after Congressional request for a plan, the MRGO was officially de-authorized from the confluence with the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway to the Gulf of Mexico as a federal navigation channel. A rock closure structure was constructed across the outlet near the Bayou La Loutre Ridge in St. Bernard Parish in 2009. Four alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative A), are evaluated in this draft EIS. Alternative C, which is the National Ecosystem Restoration Plan and the tentatively selected plan, would restore approximately 58,861 acres of habitat, including 13,950 acres of fresh and intermediate marsh; 33,966 acres of brackish marsh; 10,431 acres of cypress swamp; 466 acres of saline marsh; and 48 acres of ridge habitat. Alternative C includes approximately 70 miles of shoreline protection, and adaptively managed freshwater diversion near Violet, Louisiana. The Violet Freshwater Diversion, pulsing 7,000 cubic feet per second from April to May would influence 115,078 acres. Approximately 11,222 acres of the restoration and protection features would be located in the East Orleans Landbridge/Pearl River area and approximately 9,301 acres of restoration features would be located in the Biloxi Marsh area, which have been determined to be critical landscape features with respect to storm surge. Additionally, the cypress swamp and ridge restoration features include forested habitat demonstrated as having some storm surge damage risk reduction benefits. Three recreation features are proposed under the tentatively selected plan and would be located at Orleans Parish's Bienvenue Triangle, the Violet Freshwater Diversion site in St. Bernard's Parish, and Shell Beach, also in St. Bernard's Parish. Total project construction costs under the tentatively selected plan are estimated at $2.9 billion. POSITIVE IMPACTS: A comprehensive ecosystem restoration plan would modify the MRGO and restore the areas affected by the navigation channel, restore natural features of the ecosystem that will reduce or prevent damage from storm surge, and prevent the intrusion of saltwater into the waterway. The Violet Freshwater Diversion would mimic natural processes and enhance the sustainability of the system through the input of freshwater, nutrients, and sediment. Anticipated outputs of the tentatively selected plan would help address the current trend of degradation of the Lake Borgne ecosystem, support nationally significant resources, provide a sustainable and diverse array of fish and wildlife habitats, provide infrastructure protection, and make progress towards a more sustainable ecosystem. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: The diversion channel would result in the loss of 284 acres of prime farmland and 245 acres of wetland. Restoration of the Bayou La Loutre Ridge would result in permanent impacts to 48 acres of brackish marsh. Turbidity as a result of dredging and construction would impact oyster leases temporarily. The impacts of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill and various emergency actions to address oil spill impacts could impact the restoration project. LEGAL MANDATES: Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958 (P.L. 85-624) and Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (P.L. 110-114). JF - EPA number: 100468, Draft EIS--543 pages, Draft Feasibility Report--274 pages, December 10, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 1 KW - Water KW - Channels KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Diversion Structures KW - Dredging KW - Fish KW - Hurricanes KW - Hydrology KW - Lakes KW - Recreation Facilities KW - Salinity Control KW - Sediment KW - Shellfish KW - Shores KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Lake Borgne KW - Lake Pontchartrain KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - Mississippi River KW - Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 2007, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873126989?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=MISSISSIPPI+RIVER+GULF+OUTLET+%28MRGO%29+ECOSYSTEM+RESTORATION+STUDY%2C+LOUISIANA+AND+MISSISSIPPI.&rft.title=MISSISSIPPI+RIVER+GULF+OUTLET+%28MRGO%29+ECOSYSTEM+RESTORATION+STUDY%2C+LOUISIANA+AND+MISSISSIPPI.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, New Orleans, Louisiana; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: December 10, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - MISSISSIPPI RIVER GULF OUTLET (MRGO) ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION STUDY, LOUISIANA AND MISSISSIPPI. [Part 5 of 9] T2 - MISSISSIPPI RIVER GULF OUTLET (MRGO) ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION STUDY, LOUISIANA AND MISSISSIPPI. AN - 873126419; 14738-8_0005 AB - PURPOSE: A comprehensive restoration plan to restore the Lake Borgne ecosystem and the areas affected by the Mississippi River Gulf Outlet (MRGO) navigation channel within coastal southeast Louisiana and parts of southwest Mississippi is proposed. The study area includes portions of the Mississippi River Deltaic Plain and encompasses approximately 3.86 million acres or over 6,000 square miles. In Louisiana, the study area includes the Pontchartrain Basin, which is comprised of the Upper, Middle, and Lower sub-basins. The Upper Pontchartrain sub-basin includes Lake Maurepas and its adjacent wetlands and swamps. The Middle Pontchartrain sub-basin is comprised of Lake Pontchartrain, its adjacent cities and towns, and surrounding wetlands. The Lower Pontchartrain sub-basin includes Lake Borgne, the deauthorized MRGO, the Mississippi River, Chandeleur and Breton Sounds, portions of the Gulf of Mexico, and the surrounding wetlands, barrier islands, and communities. In Mississippi, the study area includes the Western Mississippi Sound, its bordering wetlands, and Cat Island. Louisiana parishes in the study area include Ascension, Jefferson, Livingston, Orleans, Plaquemines, St. Bernard, St. Charles, St. James, St. John the Baptist, St. Tammany and Tangipahoa. Mississippi counties include portions of Hancock and Harrison. Construction and operation of the MRGO, in combination with other natural and man-made factors, has caused direct, indirect and cumulative land loss, shoreline erosion, saltwater intrusion, habitat modification, and impacts to wildlife and fisheries resources throughout the project area. In August 2005, Hurricane Katrina caused shoaling in the MRGO channel and, after Congressional request for a plan, the MRGO was officially de-authorized from the confluence with the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway to the Gulf of Mexico as a federal navigation channel. A rock closure structure was constructed across the outlet near the Bayou La Loutre Ridge in St. Bernard Parish in 2009. Four alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative A), are evaluated in this draft EIS. Alternative C, which is the National Ecosystem Restoration Plan and the tentatively selected plan, would restore approximately 58,861 acres of habitat, including 13,950 acres of fresh and intermediate marsh; 33,966 acres of brackish marsh; 10,431 acres of cypress swamp; 466 acres of saline marsh; and 48 acres of ridge habitat. Alternative C includes approximately 70 miles of shoreline protection, and adaptively managed freshwater diversion near Violet, Louisiana. The Violet Freshwater Diversion, pulsing 7,000 cubic feet per second from April to May would influence 115,078 acres. Approximately 11,222 acres of the restoration and protection features would be located in the East Orleans Landbridge/Pearl River area and approximately 9,301 acres of restoration features would be located in the Biloxi Marsh area, which have been determined to be critical landscape features with respect to storm surge. Additionally, the cypress swamp and ridge restoration features include forested habitat demonstrated as having some storm surge damage risk reduction benefits. Three recreation features are proposed under the tentatively selected plan and would be located at Orleans Parish's Bienvenue Triangle, the Violet Freshwater Diversion site in St. Bernard's Parish, and Shell Beach, also in St. Bernard's Parish. Total project construction costs under the tentatively selected plan are estimated at $2.9 billion. POSITIVE IMPACTS: A comprehensive ecosystem restoration plan would modify the MRGO and restore the areas affected by the navigation channel, restore natural features of the ecosystem that will reduce or prevent damage from storm surge, and prevent the intrusion of saltwater into the waterway. The Violet Freshwater Diversion would mimic natural processes and enhance the sustainability of the system through the input of freshwater, nutrients, and sediment. Anticipated outputs of the tentatively selected plan would help address the current trend of degradation of the Lake Borgne ecosystem, support nationally significant resources, provide a sustainable and diverse array of fish and wildlife habitats, provide infrastructure protection, and make progress towards a more sustainable ecosystem. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: The diversion channel would result in the loss of 284 acres of prime farmland and 245 acres of wetland. Restoration of the Bayou La Loutre Ridge would result in permanent impacts to 48 acres of brackish marsh. Turbidity as a result of dredging and construction would impact oyster leases temporarily. The impacts of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill and various emergency actions to address oil spill impacts could impact the restoration project. LEGAL MANDATES: Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958 (P.L. 85-624) and Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (P.L. 110-114). JF - EPA number: 100468, Draft EIS--543 pages, Draft Feasibility Report--274 pages, December 10, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 5 KW - Water KW - Channels KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Diversion Structures KW - Dredging KW - Fish KW - Hurricanes KW - Hydrology KW - Lakes KW - Recreation Facilities KW - Salinity Control KW - Sediment KW - Shellfish KW - Shores KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Lake Borgne KW - Lake Pontchartrain KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - Mississippi River KW - Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 2007, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873126419?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=MISSISSIPPI+RIVER+GULF+OUTLET+%28MRGO%29+ECOSYSTEM+RESTORATION+STUDY%2C+LOUISIANA+AND+MISSISSIPPI.&rft.title=MISSISSIPPI+RIVER+GULF+OUTLET+%28MRGO%29+ECOSYSTEM+RESTORATION+STUDY%2C+LOUISIANA+AND+MISSISSIPPI.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, New Orleans, Louisiana; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: December 10, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - MISSISSIPPI RIVER GULF OUTLET (MRGO) ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION STUDY, LOUISIANA AND MISSISSIPPI. [Part 4 of 9] T2 - MISSISSIPPI RIVER GULF OUTLET (MRGO) ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION STUDY, LOUISIANA AND MISSISSIPPI. AN - 873126412; 14738-8_0004 AB - PURPOSE: A comprehensive restoration plan to restore the Lake Borgne ecosystem and the areas affected by the Mississippi River Gulf Outlet (MRGO) navigation channel within coastal southeast Louisiana and parts of southwest Mississippi is proposed. The study area includes portions of the Mississippi River Deltaic Plain and encompasses approximately 3.86 million acres or over 6,000 square miles. In Louisiana, the study area includes the Pontchartrain Basin, which is comprised of the Upper, Middle, and Lower sub-basins. The Upper Pontchartrain sub-basin includes Lake Maurepas and its adjacent wetlands and swamps. The Middle Pontchartrain sub-basin is comprised of Lake Pontchartrain, its adjacent cities and towns, and surrounding wetlands. The Lower Pontchartrain sub-basin includes Lake Borgne, the deauthorized MRGO, the Mississippi River, Chandeleur and Breton Sounds, portions of the Gulf of Mexico, and the surrounding wetlands, barrier islands, and communities. In Mississippi, the study area includes the Western Mississippi Sound, its bordering wetlands, and Cat Island. Louisiana parishes in the study area include Ascension, Jefferson, Livingston, Orleans, Plaquemines, St. Bernard, St. Charles, St. James, St. John the Baptist, St. Tammany and Tangipahoa. Mississippi counties include portions of Hancock and Harrison. Construction and operation of the MRGO, in combination with other natural and man-made factors, has caused direct, indirect and cumulative land loss, shoreline erosion, saltwater intrusion, habitat modification, and impacts to wildlife and fisheries resources throughout the project area. In August 2005, Hurricane Katrina caused shoaling in the MRGO channel and, after Congressional request for a plan, the MRGO was officially de-authorized from the confluence with the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway to the Gulf of Mexico as a federal navigation channel. A rock closure structure was constructed across the outlet near the Bayou La Loutre Ridge in St. Bernard Parish in 2009. Four alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative A), are evaluated in this draft EIS. Alternative C, which is the National Ecosystem Restoration Plan and the tentatively selected plan, would restore approximately 58,861 acres of habitat, including 13,950 acres of fresh and intermediate marsh; 33,966 acres of brackish marsh; 10,431 acres of cypress swamp; 466 acres of saline marsh; and 48 acres of ridge habitat. Alternative C includes approximately 70 miles of shoreline protection, and adaptively managed freshwater diversion near Violet, Louisiana. The Violet Freshwater Diversion, pulsing 7,000 cubic feet per second from April to May would influence 115,078 acres. Approximately 11,222 acres of the restoration and protection features would be located in the East Orleans Landbridge/Pearl River area and approximately 9,301 acres of restoration features would be located in the Biloxi Marsh area, which have been determined to be critical landscape features with respect to storm surge. Additionally, the cypress swamp and ridge restoration features include forested habitat demonstrated as having some storm surge damage risk reduction benefits. Three recreation features are proposed under the tentatively selected plan and would be located at Orleans Parish's Bienvenue Triangle, the Violet Freshwater Diversion site in St. Bernard's Parish, and Shell Beach, also in St. Bernard's Parish. Total project construction costs under the tentatively selected plan are estimated at $2.9 billion. POSITIVE IMPACTS: A comprehensive ecosystem restoration plan would modify the MRGO and restore the areas affected by the navigation channel, restore natural features of the ecosystem that will reduce or prevent damage from storm surge, and prevent the intrusion of saltwater into the waterway. The Violet Freshwater Diversion would mimic natural processes and enhance the sustainability of the system through the input of freshwater, nutrients, and sediment. Anticipated outputs of the tentatively selected plan would help address the current trend of degradation of the Lake Borgne ecosystem, support nationally significant resources, provide a sustainable and diverse array of fish and wildlife habitats, provide infrastructure protection, and make progress towards a more sustainable ecosystem. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: The diversion channel would result in the loss of 284 acres of prime farmland and 245 acres of wetland. Restoration of the Bayou La Loutre Ridge would result in permanent impacts to 48 acres of brackish marsh. Turbidity as a result of dredging and construction would impact oyster leases temporarily. The impacts of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill and various emergency actions to address oil spill impacts could impact the restoration project. LEGAL MANDATES: Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958 (P.L. 85-624) and Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (P.L. 110-114). JF - EPA number: 100468, Draft EIS--543 pages, Draft Feasibility Report--274 pages, December 10, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 4 KW - Water KW - Channels KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Diversion Structures KW - Dredging KW - Fish KW - Hurricanes KW - Hydrology KW - Lakes KW - Recreation Facilities KW - Salinity Control KW - Sediment KW - Shellfish KW - Shores KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Lake Borgne KW - Lake Pontchartrain KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - Mississippi River KW - Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 2007, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873126412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=MISSISSIPPI+RIVER+GULF+OUTLET+%28MRGO%29+ECOSYSTEM+RESTORATION+STUDY%2C+LOUISIANA+AND+MISSISSIPPI.&rft.title=MISSISSIPPI+RIVER+GULF+OUTLET+%28MRGO%29+ECOSYSTEM+RESTORATION+STUDY%2C+LOUISIANA+AND+MISSISSIPPI.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, New Orleans, Louisiana; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: December 10, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - MISSISSIPPI RIVER GULF OUTLET (MRGO) ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION STUDY, LOUISIANA AND MISSISSIPPI. [Part 3 of 9] T2 - MISSISSIPPI RIVER GULF OUTLET (MRGO) ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION STUDY, LOUISIANA AND MISSISSIPPI. AN - 873126409; 14738-8_0003 AB - PURPOSE: A comprehensive restoration plan to restore the Lake Borgne ecosystem and the areas affected by the Mississippi River Gulf Outlet (MRGO) navigation channel within coastal southeast Louisiana and parts of southwest Mississippi is proposed. The study area includes portions of the Mississippi River Deltaic Plain and encompasses approximately 3.86 million acres or over 6,000 square miles. In Louisiana, the study area includes the Pontchartrain Basin, which is comprised of the Upper, Middle, and Lower sub-basins. The Upper Pontchartrain sub-basin includes Lake Maurepas and its adjacent wetlands and swamps. The Middle Pontchartrain sub-basin is comprised of Lake Pontchartrain, its adjacent cities and towns, and surrounding wetlands. The Lower Pontchartrain sub-basin includes Lake Borgne, the deauthorized MRGO, the Mississippi River, Chandeleur and Breton Sounds, portions of the Gulf of Mexico, and the surrounding wetlands, barrier islands, and communities. In Mississippi, the study area includes the Western Mississippi Sound, its bordering wetlands, and Cat Island. Louisiana parishes in the study area include Ascension, Jefferson, Livingston, Orleans, Plaquemines, St. Bernard, St. Charles, St. James, St. John the Baptist, St. Tammany and Tangipahoa. Mississippi counties include portions of Hancock and Harrison. Construction and operation of the MRGO, in combination with other natural and man-made factors, has caused direct, indirect and cumulative land loss, shoreline erosion, saltwater intrusion, habitat modification, and impacts to wildlife and fisheries resources throughout the project area. In August 2005, Hurricane Katrina caused shoaling in the MRGO channel and, after Congressional request for a plan, the MRGO was officially de-authorized from the confluence with the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway to the Gulf of Mexico as a federal navigation channel. A rock closure structure was constructed across the outlet near the Bayou La Loutre Ridge in St. Bernard Parish in 2009. Four alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative A), are evaluated in this draft EIS. Alternative C, which is the National Ecosystem Restoration Plan and the tentatively selected plan, would restore approximately 58,861 acres of habitat, including 13,950 acres of fresh and intermediate marsh; 33,966 acres of brackish marsh; 10,431 acres of cypress swamp; 466 acres of saline marsh; and 48 acres of ridge habitat. Alternative C includes approximately 70 miles of shoreline protection, and adaptively managed freshwater diversion near Violet, Louisiana. The Violet Freshwater Diversion, pulsing 7,000 cubic feet per second from April to May would influence 115,078 acres. Approximately 11,222 acres of the restoration and protection features would be located in the East Orleans Landbridge/Pearl River area and approximately 9,301 acres of restoration features would be located in the Biloxi Marsh area, which have been determined to be critical landscape features with respect to storm surge. Additionally, the cypress swamp and ridge restoration features include forested habitat demonstrated as having some storm surge damage risk reduction benefits. Three recreation features are proposed under the tentatively selected plan and would be located at Orleans Parish's Bienvenue Triangle, the Violet Freshwater Diversion site in St. Bernard's Parish, and Shell Beach, also in St. Bernard's Parish. Total project construction costs under the tentatively selected plan are estimated at $2.9 billion. POSITIVE IMPACTS: A comprehensive ecosystem restoration plan would modify the MRGO and restore the areas affected by the navigation channel, restore natural features of the ecosystem that will reduce or prevent damage from storm surge, and prevent the intrusion of saltwater into the waterway. The Violet Freshwater Diversion would mimic natural processes and enhance the sustainability of the system through the input of freshwater, nutrients, and sediment. Anticipated outputs of the tentatively selected plan would help address the current trend of degradation of the Lake Borgne ecosystem, support nationally significant resources, provide a sustainable and diverse array of fish and wildlife habitats, provide infrastructure protection, and make progress towards a more sustainable ecosystem. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: The diversion channel would result in the loss of 284 acres of prime farmland and 245 acres of wetland. Restoration of the Bayou La Loutre Ridge would result in permanent impacts to 48 acres of brackish marsh. Turbidity as a result of dredging and construction would impact oyster leases temporarily. The impacts of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill and various emergency actions to address oil spill impacts could impact the restoration project. LEGAL MANDATES: Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958 (P.L. 85-624) and Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (P.L. 110-114). JF - EPA number: 100468, Draft EIS--543 pages, Draft Feasibility Report--274 pages, December 10, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 3 KW - Water KW - Channels KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Diversion Structures KW - Dredging KW - Fish KW - Hurricanes KW - Hydrology KW - Lakes KW - Recreation Facilities KW - Salinity Control KW - Sediment KW - Shellfish KW - Shores KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Lake Borgne KW - Lake Pontchartrain KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - Mississippi River KW - Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 2007, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873126409?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=MISSISSIPPI+RIVER+GULF+OUTLET+%28MRGO%29+ECOSYSTEM+RESTORATION+STUDY%2C+LOUISIANA+AND+MISSISSIPPI.&rft.title=MISSISSIPPI+RIVER+GULF+OUTLET+%28MRGO%29+ECOSYSTEM+RESTORATION+STUDY%2C+LOUISIANA+AND+MISSISSIPPI.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, New Orleans, Louisiana; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: December 10, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - MISSISSIPPI RIVER GULF OUTLET (MRGO) ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION STUDY, LOUISIANA AND MISSISSIPPI. [Part 2 of 9] T2 - MISSISSIPPI RIVER GULF OUTLET (MRGO) ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION STUDY, LOUISIANA AND MISSISSIPPI. AN - 873126377; 14738-8_0002 AB - PURPOSE: A comprehensive restoration plan to restore the Lake Borgne ecosystem and the areas affected by the Mississippi River Gulf Outlet (MRGO) navigation channel within coastal southeast Louisiana and parts of southwest Mississippi is proposed. The study area includes portions of the Mississippi River Deltaic Plain and encompasses approximately 3.86 million acres or over 6,000 square miles. In Louisiana, the study area includes the Pontchartrain Basin, which is comprised of the Upper, Middle, and Lower sub-basins. The Upper Pontchartrain sub-basin includes Lake Maurepas and its adjacent wetlands and swamps. The Middle Pontchartrain sub-basin is comprised of Lake Pontchartrain, its adjacent cities and towns, and surrounding wetlands. The Lower Pontchartrain sub-basin includes Lake Borgne, the deauthorized MRGO, the Mississippi River, Chandeleur and Breton Sounds, portions of the Gulf of Mexico, and the surrounding wetlands, barrier islands, and communities. In Mississippi, the study area includes the Western Mississippi Sound, its bordering wetlands, and Cat Island. Louisiana parishes in the study area include Ascension, Jefferson, Livingston, Orleans, Plaquemines, St. Bernard, St. Charles, St. James, St. John the Baptist, St. Tammany and Tangipahoa. Mississippi counties include portions of Hancock and Harrison. Construction and operation of the MRGO, in combination with other natural and man-made factors, has caused direct, indirect and cumulative land loss, shoreline erosion, saltwater intrusion, habitat modification, and impacts to wildlife and fisheries resources throughout the project area. In August 2005, Hurricane Katrina caused shoaling in the MRGO channel and, after Congressional request for a plan, the MRGO was officially de-authorized from the confluence with the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway to the Gulf of Mexico as a federal navigation channel. A rock closure structure was constructed across the outlet near the Bayou La Loutre Ridge in St. Bernard Parish in 2009. Four alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative A), are evaluated in this draft EIS. Alternative C, which is the National Ecosystem Restoration Plan and the tentatively selected plan, would restore approximately 58,861 acres of habitat, including 13,950 acres of fresh and intermediate marsh; 33,966 acres of brackish marsh; 10,431 acres of cypress swamp; 466 acres of saline marsh; and 48 acres of ridge habitat. Alternative C includes approximately 70 miles of shoreline protection, and adaptively managed freshwater diversion near Violet, Louisiana. The Violet Freshwater Diversion, pulsing 7,000 cubic feet per second from April to May would influence 115,078 acres. Approximately 11,222 acres of the restoration and protection features would be located in the East Orleans Landbridge/Pearl River area and approximately 9,301 acres of restoration features would be located in the Biloxi Marsh area, which have been determined to be critical landscape features with respect to storm surge. Additionally, the cypress swamp and ridge restoration features include forested habitat demonstrated as having some storm surge damage risk reduction benefits. Three recreation features are proposed under the tentatively selected plan and would be located at Orleans Parish's Bienvenue Triangle, the Violet Freshwater Diversion site in St. Bernard's Parish, and Shell Beach, also in St. Bernard's Parish. Total project construction costs under the tentatively selected plan are estimated at $2.9 billion. POSITIVE IMPACTS: A comprehensive ecosystem restoration plan would modify the MRGO and restore the areas affected by the navigation channel, restore natural features of the ecosystem that will reduce or prevent damage from storm surge, and prevent the intrusion of saltwater into the waterway. The Violet Freshwater Diversion would mimic natural processes and enhance the sustainability of the system through the input of freshwater, nutrients, and sediment. Anticipated outputs of the tentatively selected plan would help address the current trend of degradation of the Lake Borgne ecosystem, support nationally significant resources, provide a sustainable and diverse array of fish and wildlife habitats, provide infrastructure protection, and make progress towards a more sustainable ecosystem. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: The diversion channel would result in the loss of 284 acres of prime farmland and 245 acres of wetland. Restoration of the Bayou La Loutre Ridge would result in permanent impacts to 48 acres of brackish marsh. Turbidity as a result of dredging and construction would impact oyster leases temporarily. The impacts of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill and various emergency actions to address oil spill impacts could impact the restoration project. LEGAL MANDATES: Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958 (P.L. 85-624) and Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (P.L. 110-114). JF - EPA number: 100468, Draft EIS--543 pages, Draft Feasibility Report--274 pages, December 10, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 2 KW - Water KW - Channels KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Diversion Structures KW - Dredging KW - Fish KW - Hurricanes KW - Hydrology KW - Lakes KW - Recreation Facilities KW - Salinity Control KW - Sediment KW - Shellfish KW - Shores KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Lake Borgne KW - Lake Pontchartrain KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - Mississippi River KW - Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 2007, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873126377?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=MISSISSIPPI+RIVER+GULF+OUTLET+%28MRGO%29+ECOSYSTEM+RESTORATION+STUDY%2C+LOUISIANA+AND+MISSISSIPPI.&rft.title=MISSISSIPPI+RIVER+GULF+OUTLET+%28MRGO%29+ECOSYSTEM+RESTORATION+STUDY%2C+LOUISIANA+AND+MISSISSIPPI.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, New Orleans, Louisiana; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: December 10, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - MISSISSIPPI RIVER GULF OUTLET (MRGO) ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION STUDY, LOUISIANA AND MISSISSIPPI. [Part 9 of 9] T2 - MISSISSIPPI RIVER GULF OUTLET (MRGO) ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION STUDY, LOUISIANA AND MISSISSIPPI. AN - 873126212; 14738-8_0009 AB - PURPOSE: A comprehensive restoration plan to restore the Lake Borgne ecosystem and the areas affected by the Mississippi River Gulf Outlet (MRGO) navigation channel within coastal southeast Louisiana and parts of southwest Mississippi is proposed. The study area includes portions of the Mississippi River Deltaic Plain and encompasses approximately 3.86 million acres or over 6,000 square miles. In Louisiana, the study area includes the Pontchartrain Basin, which is comprised of the Upper, Middle, and Lower sub-basins. The Upper Pontchartrain sub-basin includes Lake Maurepas and its adjacent wetlands and swamps. The Middle Pontchartrain sub-basin is comprised of Lake Pontchartrain, its adjacent cities and towns, and surrounding wetlands. The Lower Pontchartrain sub-basin includes Lake Borgne, the deauthorized MRGO, the Mississippi River, Chandeleur and Breton Sounds, portions of the Gulf of Mexico, and the surrounding wetlands, barrier islands, and communities. In Mississippi, the study area includes the Western Mississippi Sound, its bordering wetlands, and Cat Island. Louisiana parishes in the study area include Ascension, Jefferson, Livingston, Orleans, Plaquemines, St. Bernard, St. Charles, St. James, St. John the Baptist, St. Tammany and Tangipahoa. Mississippi counties include portions of Hancock and Harrison. Construction and operation of the MRGO, in combination with other natural and man-made factors, has caused direct, indirect and cumulative land loss, shoreline erosion, saltwater intrusion, habitat modification, and impacts to wildlife and fisheries resources throughout the project area. In August 2005, Hurricane Katrina caused shoaling in the MRGO channel and, after Congressional request for a plan, the MRGO was officially de-authorized from the confluence with the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway to the Gulf of Mexico as a federal navigation channel. A rock closure structure was constructed across the outlet near the Bayou La Loutre Ridge in St. Bernard Parish in 2009. Four alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative A), are evaluated in this draft EIS. Alternative C, which is the National Ecosystem Restoration Plan and the tentatively selected plan, would restore approximately 58,861 acres of habitat, including 13,950 acres of fresh and intermediate marsh; 33,966 acres of brackish marsh; 10,431 acres of cypress swamp; 466 acres of saline marsh; and 48 acres of ridge habitat. Alternative C includes approximately 70 miles of shoreline protection, and adaptively managed freshwater diversion near Violet, Louisiana. The Violet Freshwater Diversion, pulsing 7,000 cubic feet per second from April to May would influence 115,078 acres. Approximately 11,222 acres of the restoration and protection features would be located in the East Orleans Landbridge/Pearl River area and approximately 9,301 acres of restoration features would be located in the Biloxi Marsh area, which have been determined to be critical landscape features with respect to storm surge. Additionally, the cypress swamp and ridge restoration features include forested habitat demonstrated as having some storm surge damage risk reduction benefits. Three recreation features are proposed under the tentatively selected plan and would be located at Orleans Parish's Bienvenue Triangle, the Violet Freshwater Diversion site in St. Bernard's Parish, and Shell Beach, also in St. Bernard's Parish. Total project construction costs under the tentatively selected plan are estimated at $2.9 billion. POSITIVE IMPACTS: A comprehensive ecosystem restoration plan would modify the MRGO and restore the areas affected by the navigation channel, restore natural features of the ecosystem that will reduce or prevent damage from storm surge, and prevent the intrusion of saltwater into the waterway. The Violet Freshwater Diversion would mimic natural processes and enhance the sustainability of the system through the input of freshwater, nutrients, and sediment. Anticipated outputs of the tentatively selected plan would help address the current trend of degradation of the Lake Borgne ecosystem, support nationally significant resources, provide a sustainable and diverse array of fish and wildlife habitats, provide infrastructure protection, and make progress towards a more sustainable ecosystem. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: The diversion channel would result in the loss of 284 acres of prime farmland and 245 acres of wetland. Restoration of the Bayou La Loutre Ridge would result in permanent impacts to 48 acres of brackish marsh. Turbidity as a result of dredging and construction would impact oyster leases temporarily. The impacts of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill and various emergency actions to address oil spill impacts could impact the restoration project. LEGAL MANDATES: Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958 (P.L. 85-624) and Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (P.L. 110-114). JF - EPA number: 100468, Draft EIS--543 pages, Draft Feasibility Report--274 pages, December 10, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 9 KW - Water KW - Channels KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Diversion Structures KW - Dredging KW - Fish KW - Hurricanes KW - Hydrology KW - Lakes KW - Recreation Facilities KW - Salinity Control KW - Sediment KW - Shellfish KW - Shores KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Lake Borgne KW - Lake Pontchartrain KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - Mississippi River KW - Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 2007, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873126212?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=MISSISSIPPI+RIVER+GULF+OUTLET+%28MRGO%29+ECOSYSTEM+RESTORATION+STUDY%2C+LOUISIANA+AND+MISSISSIPPI.&rft.title=MISSISSIPPI+RIVER+GULF+OUTLET+%28MRGO%29+ECOSYSTEM+RESTORATION+STUDY%2C+LOUISIANA+AND+MISSISSIPPI.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, New Orleans, Louisiana; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: December 10, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - MISSISSIPPI RIVER GULF OUTLET (MRGO) ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION STUDY, LOUISIANA AND MISSISSIPPI. AN - 848819093; 14738 AB - PURPOSE: A comprehensive restoration plan to restore the Lake Borgne ecosystem and the areas affected by the Mississippi River Gulf Outlet (MRGO) navigation channel within coastal southeast Louisiana and parts of southwest Mississippi is proposed. The study area includes portions of the Mississippi River Deltaic Plain and encompasses approximately 3.86 million acres or over 6,000 square miles. In Louisiana, the study area includes the Pontchartrain Basin, which is comprised of the Upper, Middle, and Lower sub-basins. The Upper Pontchartrain sub-basin includes Lake Maurepas and its adjacent wetlands and swamps. The Middle Pontchartrain sub-basin is comprised of Lake Pontchartrain, its adjacent cities and towns, and surrounding wetlands. The Lower Pontchartrain sub-basin includes Lake Borgne, the deauthorized MRGO, the Mississippi River, Chandeleur and Breton Sounds, portions of the Gulf of Mexico, and the surrounding wetlands, barrier islands, and communities. In Mississippi, the study area includes the Western Mississippi Sound, its bordering wetlands, and Cat Island. Louisiana parishes in the study area include Ascension, Jefferson, Livingston, Orleans, Plaquemines, St. Bernard, St. Charles, St. James, St. John the Baptist, St. Tammany and Tangipahoa. Mississippi counties include portions of Hancock and Harrison. Construction and operation of the MRGO, in combination with other natural and man-made factors, has caused direct, indirect and cumulative land loss, shoreline erosion, saltwater intrusion, habitat modification, and impacts to wildlife and fisheries resources throughout the project area. In August 2005, Hurricane Katrina caused shoaling in the MRGO channel and, after Congressional request for a plan, the MRGO was officially de-authorized from the confluence with the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway to the Gulf of Mexico as a federal navigation channel. A rock closure structure was constructed across the outlet near the Bayou La Loutre Ridge in St. Bernard Parish in 2009. Four alternatives, including a No Action Alternative (Alternative A), are evaluated in this draft EIS. Alternative C, which is the National Ecosystem Restoration Plan and the tentatively selected plan, would restore approximately 58,861 acres of habitat, including 13,950 acres of fresh and intermediate marsh; 33,966 acres of brackish marsh; 10,431 acres of cypress swamp; 466 acres of saline marsh; and 48 acres of ridge habitat. Alternative C includes approximately 70 miles of shoreline protection, and adaptively managed freshwater diversion near Violet, Louisiana. The Violet Freshwater Diversion, pulsing 7,000 cubic feet per second from April to May would influence 115,078 acres. Approximately 11,222 acres of the restoration and protection features would be located in the East Orleans Landbridge/Pearl River area and approximately 9,301 acres of restoration features would be located in the Biloxi Marsh area, which have been determined to be critical landscape features with respect to storm surge. Additionally, the cypress swamp and ridge restoration features include forested habitat demonstrated as having some storm surge damage risk reduction benefits. Three recreation features are proposed under the tentatively selected plan and would be located at Orleans Parish's Bienvenue Triangle, the Violet Freshwater Diversion site in St. Bernard's Parish, and Shell Beach, also in St. Bernard's Parish. Total project construction costs under the tentatively selected plan are estimated at $2.9 billion. POSITIVE IMPACTS: A comprehensive ecosystem restoration plan would modify the MRGO and restore the areas affected by the navigation channel, restore natural features of the ecosystem that will reduce or prevent damage from storm surge, and prevent the intrusion of saltwater into the waterway. The Violet Freshwater Diversion would mimic natural processes and enhance the sustainability of the system through the input of freshwater, nutrients, and sediment. Anticipated outputs of the tentatively selected plan would help address the current trend of degradation of the Lake Borgne ecosystem, support nationally significant resources, provide a sustainable and diverse array of fish and wildlife habitats, provide infrastructure protection, and make progress towards a more sustainable ecosystem. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: The diversion channel would result in the loss of 284 acres of prime farmland and 245 acres of wetland. Restoration of the Bayou La Loutre Ridge would result in permanent impacts to 48 acres of brackish marsh. Turbidity as a result of dredging and construction would impact oyster leases temporarily. The impacts of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill and various emergency actions to address oil spill impacts could impact the restoration project. LEGAL MANDATES: Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958 (P.L. 85-624) and Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (P.L. 110-114). JF - EPA number: 100468, Draft EIS--543 pages, Draft Feasibility Report--274 pages, December 10, 2010 PY - 2010 KW - Water KW - Channels KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Diversion Structures KW - Dredging KW - Fish KW - Hurricanes KW - Hydrology KW - Lakes KW - Recreation Facilities KW - Salinity Control KW - Sediment KW - Shellfish KW - Shores KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Lake Borgne KW - Lake Pontchartrain KW - Louisiana KW - Mississippi KW - Mississippi River KW - Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 2007, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/848819093?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=MISSISSIPPI+RIVER+GULF+OUTLET+%28MRGO%29+ECOSYSTEM+RESTORATION+STUDY%2C+LOUISIANA+AND+MISSISSIPPI.&rft.title=MISSISSIPPI+RIVER+GULF+OUTLET+%28MRGO%29+ECOSYSTEM+RESTORATION+STUDY%2C+LOUISIANA+AND+MISSISSIPPI.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, New Orleans, Louisiana; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: December 10, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 53 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873129804; 14730-0_0053 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 53 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129804?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 52 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873129774; 14730-0_0052 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 52 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129774?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 51 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873129753; 14730-0_0051 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 51 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129753?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 50 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873129726; 14730-0_0050 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 50 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129726?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 49 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873129698; 14730-0_0049 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 49 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 40 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873129658; 14730-0_0040 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 40 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129658?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 30 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873129573; 14730-0_0030 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 30 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129573?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 29 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873129545; 14730-0_0029 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 29 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129545?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 28 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873129508; 14730-0_0028 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 28 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129508?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 27 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873129465; 14730-0_0027 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 27 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129465?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 24 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873129430; 14730-0_0024 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 24 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129430?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 19 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873129400; 14730-0_0019 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 19 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129400?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 48 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873129324; 14730-0_0048 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 48 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 47 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873129257; 14730-0_0047 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 47 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129257?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 54 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873129214; 14730-0_0054 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 54 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 44 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873129212; 14730-0_0044 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 44 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129212?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 42 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873129153; 14730-0_0042 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 42 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129153?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 41 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873129127; 14730-0_0041 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 41 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129127?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 37 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873129106; 14730-0_0037 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 37 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129106?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 36 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873129081; 14730-0_0036 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 36 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129081?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 32 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873129056; 14730-0_0032 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 32 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129056?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 31 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873129037; 14730-0_0031 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 31 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129037?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 23 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873129005; 14730-0_0023 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 23 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129005?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 57 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873128971; 14730-0_0057 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 57 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873128971?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 22 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873128967; 14730-0_0022 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 22 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873128967?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 21 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873128942; 14730-0_0021 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 21 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873128942?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 56 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873128933; 14730-0_0056 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 56 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873128933?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 26 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873128912; 14730-0_0026 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 26 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873128912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 25 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873128895; 14730-0_0025 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 25 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873128895?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 59 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873128805; 14730-0_0059 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 59 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873128805?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 58 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873128786; 14730-0_0058 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 58 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873128786?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 7 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873128703; 14730-0_0007 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 7 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873128703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 46 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873128696; 14730-0_0046 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 46 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873128696?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 45 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873128668; 14730-0_0045 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 45 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873128668?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 62 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873128652; 14730-0_0062 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 62 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873128652?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 60 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873128636; 14730-0_0060 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 60 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873128636?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 61 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873128626; 14730-0_0061 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 61 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873128626?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 18 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873128597; 14730-0_0018 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 18 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873128597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 55 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873128578; 14730-0_0055 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 55 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873128578?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 39 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873128498; 14730-0_0039 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 39 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873128498?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 35 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873128478; 14730-0_0035 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 35 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873128478?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 34 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873128466; 14730-0_0034 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 34 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873128466?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 33 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873128432; 14730-0_0033 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 33 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873128432?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 10 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873128328; 14730-0_0010 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 10 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873128328?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 9 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873128321; 14730-0_0009 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 9 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873128321?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 8 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873128309; 14730-0_0008 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 8 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873128309?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 1 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873128149; 14730-0_0001 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 1 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873128149?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 12 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127974; 14730-0_0012 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 12 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127974?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 11 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127968; 14730-0_0011 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 11 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127968?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 3 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127962; 14730-0_0003 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 3 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127962?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 2 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127952; 14730-0_0002 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 2 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127952?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 20 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127936; 14730-0_0020 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 20 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127936?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 5 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127932; 14730-0_0005 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 5 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127932?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 4 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127925; 14730-0_0004 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 4 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127925?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 15 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127786; 14730-0_0015 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 15 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127786?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 6 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127632; 14730-0_0006 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 6 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127632?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 17 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127621; 14730-0_0017 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 17 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127621?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 16 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127612; 14730-0_0016 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 16 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127612?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 89 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127581; 14730-0_0089 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 89 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127581?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 88 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127572; 14730-0_0088 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 88 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127572?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 87 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127561; 14730-0_0087 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 87 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127561?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 80 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127553; 14730-0_0080 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 80 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127553?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 79 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127540; 14730-0_0079 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 79 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127540?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 78 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127527; 14730-0_0078 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 78 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127527?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 66 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127517; 14730-0_0066 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 66 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127517?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 65 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127503; 14730-0_0065 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 65 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 64 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127490; 14730-0_0064 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 64 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127490?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 63 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127481; 14730-0_0063 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 63 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127481?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 77 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127173; 14730-0_0077 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 77 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127173?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 76 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127167; 14730-0_0076 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 76 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127167?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 75 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127162; 14730-0_0075 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 75 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 72 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127151; 14730-0_0072 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 72 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127151?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 71 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127145; 14730-0_0071 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 71 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127145?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 70 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127136; 14730-0_0070 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 70 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127136?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 82 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127045; 14730-0_0082 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 82 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127045?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 81 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127033; 14730-0_0081 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 81 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127033?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 69 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127022; 14730-0_0069 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 69 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127022?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 68 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127013; 14730-0_0068 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 68 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127013?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 67 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873127002; 14730-0_0067 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 67 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127002?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 74 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873126628; 14730-0_0074 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 74 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873126628?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 86 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873126513; 14730-0_0086 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 86 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873126513?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 85 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873126502; 14730-0_0085 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 85 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873126502?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 84 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873126470; 14730-0_0084 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 84 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873126470?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. [Part 83 of 89] T2 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 873126452; 14730-0_0083 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 83 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873126452?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - WA-520 BRIDGE REPLACEMENT AND HOV PROGRAM, PONTOON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY, WASHINGTON. AN - 16373193; 14730 AB - PURPOSE: Construction of a new facility in Grays Harbor, Washington to expedite the construction of pontoons required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge over Lake Washington are proposed. The State Route 520 (SR 520) Pontoon Construction Project is one of four projects in the SR 520 Bridge Replacement and High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Program, which is designed to improve mobility and enhance safety and improve operation throughout the SR 520 corridors. The Evergreen Point Bridge has been damaged by past windstorms and is vulnerable to catastrophic failure. It is a critical component of the Puget Sound regions transportation infrastructure, and the consequences of bridge failure would be severe. The SR 520 Pontoon Construction Project involves building 33 pontoons needed to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in its current configuration as a four-lane bridge. This final EIS evaluates a No Build Alternative and two alternative sites on Grays Harbor: the Anderson & Middleton Alternative in Hoquiam, Washington; and the Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative in Aberdeen, Washington. Both build alternatives would involve construction of a new casting basin facility positioned a few hundred feet from the shoreline and partitioned into two separate work chambers. Completed pontoons would be stored in Grays Harbor in at least 25 feet of water until needed. Based on the current schedule for the planned bridge replacement, pontoons could be stored for an estimated 18 months if there is no catastrophic bridge failure. The Aberdeen Log Yard Alternative is the preferred alternative as the site would allow the use of shorter foundation piles that would result in substantial cost savings. This alternative would also avoid an archeological site eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places as well as effects on 4.8 acres of wetlands. The 51-acre site lies on the north shore of Grays Harbor and has recently been used for log storage. The generally flat site, which is undeveloped except for unpaved access roads, is bounded by industrial land uses to the west and east and railroad tracks along the northern boundary; the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. The shoreline at this site is a mix of small patches of vegetation, small and large rocks heavily embedded in mud, and driftwood on the face of a short berm covered with shrubs and alder saplings. Washington Department of Transportation would purchase the whole property, and the casting basin and support facilities would occupy the entire site. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Construction of a new casting basin facility would shorten the time required to replace the Evergreen Point Bridge in the event of bridge failure from 5 years to just 1.5 years. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would remove 1.04 acre of palustrine wetlands and 0.06 acre of estuarine wetlands. The launch channel would require excavation of three acres within the shoreline, including mudflats and subtidal habitat. Fish and wildlife in the project vicinity could be affected by noise associated with pile-driving. Construction equipment would be visible from residences on south-facing hillsides at either site. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0165D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100460, Executive Summary, Final EIS, and Appendices--CD-ROM, December 2, 2010 PY - 2010 KW - Water KW - Agency number: FHWA-WA-EIS-10-01-F KW - Bridges KW - Cultural Resources Assessments KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Noise Assessments KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Soils Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources Surveys KW - Wetlands KW - Grays Harbor KW - Lake Washington KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16373193?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=WA-520+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+AND+HOV+PROGRAM%2C+PONTOON+CONSTRUCTION+PROJECT%2C+GRAYS+HARBOR+COUNTY%2C+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Olympia, Washington; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: December 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CHARACTERIZATION OF CORAL COMMUNITIES AT ROSE ATOLL, AMERICAN SAMOA AN - 926908232; 16380369 AB - To manage resources and interpret ecosystem changes, reef managers benefit from access to the best available scientific data and analyses. Scientific knowledge of the coral communities at Rose Atoll in the central South Pacific has grown since the first visit by scientists in 1839, as has anthropogenic damage, most notably that from a ship grounding and accompanying chemical release in 1993. Given the challenges of operating in this remote, uninhabited location, marine survey activity since that time largely focused on the areas most heavily impacted by the grounding events. Here, we apply multivariate statistical analyses to data acquired in 2002 and 2004 from several complementary survey methods that operate at different scales of spatial and taxonomic resolution to characterize the coral communities at Rose Atoll in relationship to strata defined by habitat, geographic sector, and depth zone. The southeast sector of the fore reef is distinguished from other fore-reef sectors in several analyses, which likely reflects the response of the benthic biota to prevailing trade-wind-driven seas and large waves arriving from the southeast. The southwest fore-reef sector is also distinguished in several analyses; recovery of corals after injury from the vessel grounding on the southwest arm of the fore reef is documented and the special role of pocilloporids in the recovery is highlighted. Coral diversity at Rose Atoll is low compared to larger high volcanic islands to the west in the Samoan Archipelago but is high compared to adjacent atolls and reef islands to the north and east (Tokelau and southern Line Islands) where data are available. We provide a list of 143 anthozoan and hydrozoan corals observed at Rose Atoll during survey activities since 1994. Our spatially widespread surveys that generate independent metrics of benthic cover and coral abundance collectively provide the most comprehensive description of coral communities at Rose Atoll produced to date, which can serve as an important baseline in assessing the direction and pace of future changes. JF - Atoll Research Bulletin AU - Kenyon, J C AU - Maragos, JE AU - Cooper, S AD - Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, University of Hawaii and NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Coral Reef Ecosystem Division, 1125B Ala Moana Blvd., Honolulu, Hawaii 96814, USA, Jean.Kenyon@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - December 2010 SP - 1 EP - 28 VL - 586 SN - 0077-5630, 0077-5630 KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Biological surveys KW - ISE, Pacific, American Samoa KW - Reefs KW - Resource management KW - IS, South Pacific KW - Data processing KW - Volcanic islands KW - Injuries KW - Groundings KW - Ecological distribution KW - Abundance KW - Statistical analysis KW - Environmental impact KW - Archipelagoes KW - Wave reflection KW - Atolls KW - Habitat KW - Islands KW - ISE, Pacific, American Samoa, Rose Atoll KW - Coral reefs KW - Corals KW - Waves KW - Canada, British Columbia, Reef I. KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - O 1030:Invertebrates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/926908232?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atoll+Research+Bulletin&rft.atitle=CHARACTERIZATION+OF+CORAL+COMMUNITIES+AT+ROSE+ATOLL%2C+AMERICAN+SAMOA&rft.au=Kenyon%2C+J+C%3BMaragos%2C+JE%3BCooper%2C+S&rft.aulast=Kenyon&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=586&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atoll+Research+Bulletin&rft.issn=00775630&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological surveys; Resource management; Volcanic islands; Groundings; Ecological distribution; Coral reefs; Environmental impact; Archipelagoes; Wave reflection; Reefs; Data processing; Islands; Injuries; Abundance; Statistical analysis; Waves; Corals; Habitat; Atolls; ISE, Pacific, American Samoa; IS, South Pacific; ISE, Pacific, American Samoa, Rose Atoll; Canada, British Columbia, Reef I. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - CHARACTERIZATION OF CORAL COMMUNITIES AT KINGMAN REEF IN THE REMOTE CENTRAL PACIFIC OCEAN AN - 926908226; 16380367 AB - Kingman Reef, an atoll in the northern Line Islands of the central Pacific, is among the last of the remote locations in the U.S. Pacific to be scientifically explored underwater, and previously published surveys of its benthic reef communities have been limited to the seaward- facing fore-reef habitat. Here, we apply multivariate statistical analyses to data acquired in 2004 from several complementary survey methods that operate at different scales of spatial and taxonomic resolution to characterize the coral communities in 5 habitats, 3 of which are further stratified by geographic sector or depth zone. Coral cover is highest in the small lagoon pool inside the southeast vertex of the perimeter reef, followed by the fore reef, patch reefs, reef flat, and lagoon slope. Benthic communities are more highly variable on the fore reef, but the coral cover and colony abundances are less dominated by a few key genera than in other habitats. While the relative representation of coral taxa varies among habitats, Porites, Fungia, Pocillopora, Sinularia, Turbinaria, Acropora, and Favia all contribute > 10% of the total coral cover in at least one habitat. We provide a list of 188 anthozoan and hydrozoan corals observed at Kingman Reef during survey activities since the year 2000. Coral diversity at Kingman is similar to that at Palmyra Atoll to the south but is high compared to other adjacent atolls and reef islands to the south and west (Phoenix and Line Islands) where data are available. Our spatially widespread surveys that generate independent metrics of benthic cover and coral abundance collectively provide the most comprehensive description of coral communities at Kingman Reef produced to date and also provide an important record by which to monitor the response of this community to changing ocean conditions. JF - Atoll Research Bulletin AU - Kenyon, J C AU - Maragos, JE AU - Wilkinson, C B AD - Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research and NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Coral Reef Ecosystem Division, 1125B Ala Moana Blvd., Honolulu, Hawai'i 96814, USA, Jean.Kenyon@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - December 2010 SP - 1 EP - 29 VL - 584 SN - 0077-5630, 0077-5630 KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Reefs KW - Abundance KW - Statistical analysis KW - Fungia KW - Genetic diversity KW - Sinularia KW - Lagoons KW - Identification keys KW - Colonies KW - Islands KW - Acropora KW - Favia KW - Turbinaria KW - I, Pacific KW - Syria, Palmyra KW - Corals KW - Canada, British Columbia, Reef I. KW - Porites KW - Biological surveys KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Marine KW - I, Central Pacific KW - Data processing KW - Habitat KW - Atolls KW - USA KW - Oceans KW - Coral reefs KW - Pocillopora KW - Benthos KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - O 1030:Invertebrates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/926908226?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atoll+Research+Bulletin&rft.atitle=CHARACTERIZATION+OF+CORAL+COMMUNITIES+AT+KINGMAN+REEF+IN+THE+REMOTE+CENTRAL+PACIFIC+OCEAN&rft.au=Kenyon%2C+J+C%3BMaragos%2C+JE%3BWilkinson%2C+C+B&rft.aulast=Kenyon&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=584&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atoll+Research+Bulletin&rft.issn=00775630&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental monitoring; Biological surveys; Coral reefs; Genetic diversity; Identification keys; Lagoons; Benthos; Reefs; Colonies; Data processing; Islands; Oceans; Abundance; Statistical analysis; Corals; Atolls; Habitat; Porites; Acropora; Turbinaria; Favia; Pocillopora; Fungia; Sinularia; I, Central Pacific; USA; I, Pacific; Syria, Palmyra; Canada, British Columbia, Reef I.; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative analysis of marine ecosystems: international production modelling workshop AN - 923208474; 13995259 AB - Understanding the drivers that dictate the productivity of marine ecosystems continues to be a globally important issue. A vast literature identifies three main processes that regulate the production dynamics of such ecosystems: biophysical, exploitative and trophodynamic. Exploring the prominence among this 'triad' of drivers, through a synthetic analysis, is critical for understanding how marine ecosystems function and subsequently produce fisheries resources of interest to humans. To explore this topic further, an international workshop was held on 10-14 May 2010, at the National Academy of Science's Jonsson Center in Woods Hole, MA, USA. The workshop compiled the data required to develop production models at different hierarchical levels (e.g. species, guild, ecosystem) for many of the major Northern Hemisphere marine ecosystems that have supported notable fisheries. Analyses focused on comparable total system biomass production, functionally equivalent species production, or simulation studies for 11 different marine fishery ecosystems. Workshop activities also led to new analytical tools. Preliminary results suggested common patterns driving overall fisheries production in these ecosystems, but also highlighted variation in the relative importance of each among ecosystems. JF - Biology Letters AU - Link, Jason S AU - Megrey, Bernard A AU - Miller, Thomas J AU - Essington, Tim AU - Boldt, Jennifer AU - Bundy, Alida AU - Moksness, Erlend AU - Drinkwater, Ken F AU - Perry, RIan AD - National Atmospheric and Oceanic Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Northeast Fisheries Science Center, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - Dec 2010 SP - 723 EP - 726 PB - Royal Society of London, 6 Carlton House Terrace London SW1Y 5AG UK VL - 6 IS - 6 SN - 1744-9561, 1744-9561 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Guilds KW - Data processing KW - Conferences KW - Fisheries KW - Marine ecosystems KW - Biomass KW - Models KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/923208474?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biology+Letters&rft.atitle=Comparative+analysis+of+marine+ecosystems%3A+international+production+modelling+workshop&rft.au=Link%2C+Jason+S%3BMegrey%2C+Bernard+A%3BMiller%2C+Thomas+J%3BEssington%2C+Tim%3BBoldt%2C+Jennifer%3BBundy%2C+Alida%3BMoksness%2C+Erlend%3BDrinkwater%2C+Ken+F%3BPerry%2C+RIan&rft.aulast=Link&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=723&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biology+Letters&rft.issn=17449561&rft_id=info:doi/10.1098%2Frsbl.2010.0526 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Guilds; Conferences; Fisheries; Marine ecosystems; Biomass; Models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2010.0526 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rebuilding depleted fish stocks: the good, the bad, and, mostly, the ugly AN - 920804444; 16172769 AB - Murawski, S. A. 2010. Rebuilding depleted fish stocks: the good, the bad, and, mostly, the ugly. - ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 1830-1840.Recovery of depleted fish populations has become an important theme in national and international negotiations and commitments regarding sustainability. Although up to 63% of fish stocks worldwide may be in need of rebuilding, only 1% are currently classified as "rebuilding", and fewer yet have been "rebuilt". Recent history in stock recovery provides a rich source of examples of rebuilding plans across a spectrum of execution ("good", "bad", "ugly", and "in progress"). Of 24 depleted stocks with formal plans that successfully reduced the fishing mortality, all but one exhibited signs of recovery. The median instantaneous annual rate of biomass recovery (0.16) was similar to the rate of depletion (-0.14) experienced, but stocks with more vulnerable life histories recovered substantially slower than they had been depleted. Most successful rebuilding programmes have incorporated substantial, measurable reductions in fishing mortality at the onset, rather than relying on incremental small reductions over time. A particularly vexing issue is the differential pace of recovery among relatively productive and unproductive components of mixed-species fisheries. Rebuilding the majority of stocks classified worldwide as "overfished" will take a more effective, consistent, and politically supported stock-recovery paradigm, if society is eventually to meet its articulated sustainability goals for global fisheries. JF - ICES Journal of Marine Science AU - Murawski, Steven A AD - National Marine Fisheries Service, 1315 East West Highway, SSMC3-14659, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; , steve.murawski@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - Dec 2010 SP - 1830 EP - 1840 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 67 IS - 9 SN - 1054-3139, 1054-3139 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - fishery depletion KW - fishery rebuilding plans KW - overfishing definitions KW - recovery plans KW - stock recovery KW - sustainable fisheries KW - Marine KW - Mortality KW - Historical account KW - Resource management KW - life history KW - Sustainable development KW - Fishery management KW - Fisheries KW - Depleted stocks KW - Stocks KW - Fish KW - sustainability KW - vulnerability KW - Fishing mortality KW - fishing KW - Vulnerability KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q2 09161:General KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/920804444?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ICES+Journal+of+Marine+Science&rft.atitle=Rebuilding+depleted+fish+stocks%3A+the+good%2C+the+bad%2C+and%2C+mostly%2C+the+ugly&rft.au=Murawski%2C+Steven+A&rft.aulast=Murawski&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1830&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ICES+Journal+of+Marine+Science&rft.issn=10543139&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Ficesjms%2Ffsq125 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Resource management; Fishery management; Depleted stocks; Sustainable development; Stocks; Fishing mortality; Vulnerability; Historical account; Mortality; Fisheries; life history; vulnerability; sustainability; Fish; fishing; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsq125 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of annual catch limits to avoid stock depletion in the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands management area (Northeast Pacific) AN - 920795686; 16172750 AB - DiCosimo, J., Methot, R. D., and Ormseth, O. A. 2010. Use of annual catch limits to avoid stock depletion in the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands management area (Northeast Pacific). - ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 1861-1865.In total, 41 fish stocks in US ocean waters continue to be fished at unsustainable levels, and 46 fish stocks are overfished. In 2006, the US Congress required the implementation of annual catch limits (ACLs) and accountability measures by 2010 to prevent overfishing, and by 2011 to recover overfished stocks. These requirements were modelled on the existing management system for Northeast Pacific groundfish, where more than 20 fish stocks and assemblages have been managed sustainably for 30 years. Science-based overfishing levels and acceptable biological catches (ABCs) have been implemented for each stock or assemblage, with buffers between the two to avoid overfishing. Total allowable catches are set at or below the acceptable biological catch. Suballocations of quotas by season, area, and gear type, along with in-season fishery closures based on extensive observer coverage and vessel monitoring, ensure that quotas are not exceeded. To comply with ACL requirements, the North Pacific Fishery Management Council has defined ABC as an ACL. We demonstrate the effectiveness of ACLs for successful management of Northeast Pacific groundfish, suggesting that their use in other US fisheries might reduce the risk of overfishing and enhance the recovery of overfished stocks. JF - ICES Journal of Marine Science AU - DiCosimo, Jane AU - Methot, Richard D AU - Ormseth, Olav A AD - 1 North Pacific Fishery Management Council, 605 West 4th Avenue, Suite 306, Anchorage, AK 99501, USA, jane.dicosimo@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - Dec 2010 SP - 1861 EP - 1865 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 67 IS - 9 SN - 1054-3139, 1054-3139 KW - ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - acceptable biological catch KW - accountability measures KW - annual catch limits KW - depletion KW - fisheries management KW - overfishing level KW - total allowable catch KW - Resource management KW - Fishing vessels KW - Islands KW - IN, North Pacific KW - Fishery management KW - Fisheries KW - Total allowable catch KW - Marine KW - Ice KW - catches KW - Congress KW - Overfishing KW - resource exploitation KW - IN, Bering Sea KW - overfishing KW - IN, USA, Alaska, Aleutian Is. KW - Oceans KW - councils KW - Depleted stocks KW - Season regulations KW - Quota regulations KW - Fish KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q4 27790:Fish KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/920795686?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ICES+Journal+of+Marine+Science&rft.atitle=Use+of+annual+catch+limits+to+avoid+stock+depletion+in+the+Bering+Sea+and+Aleutian+Islands+management+area+%28Northeast+Pacific%29&rft.au=DiCosimo%2C+Jane%3BMethot%2C+Richard+D%3BOrmseth%2C+Olav+A&rft.aulast=DiCosimo&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1861&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ICES+Journal+of+Marine+Science&rft.issn=10543139&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Ficesjms%2Ffsq060 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fishing vessels; Resource management; Fishery management; Season regulations; Depleted stocks; Overfishing; Quota regulations; Total allowable catch; Ice; Islands; Oceans; Fisheries; catches; overfishing; Congress; councils; Fish; resource exploitation; IN, Bering Sea; IN, North Pacific; IN, USA, Alaska, Aleutian Is.; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsq060 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Properties of tooth enamel in great apes AN - 918067533; 16182205 AB - A comparative study has been made of human and great ape molar tooth enamel. Nanoindentation techniques are used to map profiles of elastic modulus and hardness across sections from the enamel-dentin junction to the outer tooth surface. The measured data profiles overlap between species, suggesting a degree of commonality in material properties. Using established deformation and fracture relations, critical loads to produce function-threatening damage in the enamel of each species are calculated for characteristic tooth sizes and enamel thicknesses. The results suggest that differences in load-bearing capacity of molar teeth in primates are less a function of underlying material properties than of morphology. JF - Acta Biomaterialia AU - Lee, James J-W AU - Morris, Dylan AU - Constantino, Paul J AU - Lucas, Peter W AU - Smith, Tanya M AU - Lawn, Brian R AD - Ceramics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA, james.lee@nist.gov Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - Dec 2010 SP - 4560 EP - 4565 PB - Elsevier B.V., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB United Kingdom VL - 6 IS - 12 SN - 1742-7061, 1742-7061 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Enamel KW - Modulus of elasticity KW - Hardness KW - Fracture KW - Tooth mechanics KW - Teeth KW - Data processing KW - Molars KW - Fractures KW - Primates KW - Dental enamel KW - Mechanical properties KW - W 30920:Tissue Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918067533?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+Biomaterialia&rft.atitle=Properties+of+tooth+enamel+in+great+apes&rft.au=Lee%2C+James+J-W%3BMorris%2C+Dylan%3BConstantino%2C+Paul+J%3BLucas%2C+Peter+W%3BSmith%2C+Tanya+M%3BLawn%2C+Brian+R&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=4560&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Acta+Biomaterialia&rft.issn=17427061&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.actbio.2010.07.023 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Teeth; Data processing; Molars; Fractures; Dental enamel; Mechanical properties; Primates DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2010.07.023 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Approaches to Studying Climatic Change and its Role on the Habitat Selection of Antarctic Pinnipeds AN - 918065544; 16140528 AB - Top predators integrate resources over time and space, and depending on the particular species they represent, different components of the marine environment. The habitat utilization of top predators has been studied using electronic tags to follow their movements and foraging behavior. In addition, these tags provide information on the physical characteristics of the water column (temperature and salinity) at a scale and resolution that is coincident with the animals' behavior. In addition to data on the animals' behavior, these tags provide physical oceanographic data in regions or at times they cannot be collected using other currently available technologies. These data inform us on how these important top predators are likely to respond to climatic change, as well as about how the Southern Ocean is changing. JF - Integrative and Comparative Biology AU - Costa, Daniel P AU - Huckstadt, Luis A AU - Crocker, Daniel E AU - McDonald, Birgitte I AU - Goebel, Michael E AU - Fedak, Michael A AD - *Long Marine Laboratory, University of California, 100 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA; super()Department of Biology, Sonoma State University, 1801 East Cotati Avenue, Rohnert Park, CA 94928, USA; super()Antarctic Marine Living Resources Program, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA-NMFS 8604 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037-1508, USA; super()Sea Mammal Research Unit, University of St. Andrews, Fife KY16 8LB, Scotland 1, costa@biology.ucsc.edu Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - December 2010 SP - 1018 EP - 1030 PB - Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 50 IS - 6 SN - 1540-7063, 1540-7063 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - foraging behavior KW - Climatic changes KW - Climate change KW - Pinnipedia KW - Predators KW - Habitat selection KW - Water column KW - Salinity KW - Marine environment KW - Salinity effects KW - Habitat utilization KW - Marine KW - Physical characteristics KW - Foraging behavior KW - Data processing KW - Water temperature KW - Biotelemetry KW - Tracking KW - predators KW - Tags KW - Foraging behaviour KW - Oceans KW - Marine mammals KW - habitat selection KW - PS, Antarctic Ocean KW - water column KW - Technology KW - Oceanographic data KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - O 1080:Multi-disciplinary Studies KW - Q1 08425:Nutrition and feeding habits KW - Y 25030:Foraging and Ingestion UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918065544?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Integrative+and+Comparative+Biology&rft.atitle=Approaches+to+Studying+Climatic+Change+and+its+Role+on+the+Habitat+Selection+of+Antarctic+Pinnipeds&rft.au=Costa%2C+Daniel+P%3BHuckstadt%2C+Luis+A%3BCrocker%2C+Daniel+E%3BMcDonald%2C+Birgitte+I%3BGoebel%2C+Michael+E%3BFedak%2C+Michael+A&rft.aulast=Costa&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1018&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Integrative+and+Comparative+Biology&rft.issn=15407063&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Ficb%2Ficq054 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Foraging behaviour; Tags; Marine mammals; Climate change; Habitat selection; Tracking; Biotelemetry; Oceanographic data; Foraging behavior; Physical characteristics; Data processing; Marine environment; Salinity effects; Oceans; Climatic changes; Habitat utilization; Predators; Water temperature; Water column; Salinity; foraging behavior; habitat selection; water column; Technology; predators; Pinnipedia; PS, Antarctic Ocean; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icb/icq054 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Melting point equations for the ternary system water/sodium chloride/ethylene glycol revisited AN - 918042745; 14197833 AB - Partial phase diagrams are of considerable utility in the development of optimized cryobiological procedures. Recent theoretical predictions of the melting points of ternary solutions of interest to cryobiology have caused us to re-examine measurements that our group made for the ethylene-glycol-sodium chloride-water phase diagram. Here we revisit our previous experiments by measuring melting points at five ethylene-glycol to sodium chloride ratios (R values; R=5, 10, 15, 30, and 45) and five levels of concentration for each ratio. Melting points were averaged from three measurements and plotted as a function of total solute concentration for each R value studied. The new measurements differed from our original experimental values and agreed with predicted values from both theoretical models. Additionally, the data were fit to the polynomial described in our previous report and the resulting equation was obtained: T m = ( 38.3 - 2.145 A- 10 - 1 R ) w + ( 81.19 - 2.909 A- 10 - 1 R ) w 2 , where w is the total solute mass fraction. This new equation provided good fits to the experimental data as well as published values and relates the determined polynomial constants to the R value of the corresponding isopleths of the three dimensional phase diagram, allowing the liquidus curve for any R value to be obtained. JF - Cryobiology AU - Benson, James D AU - Bagchi, Aniruddha AU - Han, Xu AU - Critser, John K AU - Woods, Erik J AD - Mathematical and Computational Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA, Erik@gnrlbiotech.com Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - Dec 2010 SP - 352 EP - 356 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 61 IS - 3 SN - 0011-2240, 0011-2240 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Melting KW - Solutes KW - Mathematical models KW - Data processing KW - Ethylene glycol KW - Sodium chloride KW - Models KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918042745?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cryobiology&rft.atitle=Melting+point+equations+for+the+ternary+system+water%2Fsodium+chloride%2Fethylene+glycol+revisited&rft.au=Benson%2C+James+D%3BBagchi%2C+Aniruddha%3BHan%2C+Xu%3BCritser%2C+John+K%3BWoods%2C+Erik+J&rft.aulast=Benson&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=352&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cryobiology&rft.issn=00112240&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.cryobiol.2010.10.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Melting; Solutes; Data processing; Mathematical models; Ethylene glycol; Sodium chloride; Models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cryobiol.2010.10.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - USING DUAL-FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION SONAR (DIDSON) TO ESTIMATE ADULT STEELHEAD ESCAPEMENT IN THE SAN LORENZO RIVER, CALIFORNIA AN - 867743496; 14805576 AB - Steelhead, Oncorhynchus mykiss, are currently listed under the United States Endangered Species Act (ESA) in central and southern California. In most of this region, steelhead are considered threatened, but the Southern California Distinct Population Segment (DPS), comprising populations in Santa Barbara County and southward is listed as endangered, with only very small numbers of steelhead reported from the Santa Maria River south to the United States-Mexico border (Good et al. 2005). The listings are based mainly on anecdotal information of adult steelhead abundance, with the exception of escapement estimates based on dam counts on the Carmel River (part of the South-Central California Coast DPS), and recently initiated monitoring efforts in two tributaries of the Santa Ynez River system and on the mainstem of the Ventura River (part of the Southern California Coast DPS). JF - California Fish and Game AU - Pipal, K AU - Jessop, M AU - Boughton, D AU - Adams, P AD - Narrie.pipal[at]noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - December 2010 SP - 90 EP - 95 VL - 96 IS - 1 SN - 0008-1078, 0008-1078 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Sonar KW - River Systems KW - Abundance KW - INE, USA, California, Ventura KW - Freshwater KW - USA, California, San Lorenzo R. KW - Dams KW - INE, USA, California, Santa Barbara KW - Tributaries KW - Coasts KW - Salmon KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Rivers KW - Oncorhynchus mykiss KW - Escapement KW - Rare species KW - Endangered species KW - Fish KW - Monitoring KW - Endangered Species KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use KW - SW 6010:Structures KW - Q1 08121:Law, policy, economics and social sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/867743496?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=California+Fish+and+Game&rft.atitle=USING+DUAL-FREQUENCY+IDENTIFICATION+SONAR+%28DIDSON%29+TO+ESTIMATE+ADULT+STEELHEAD+ESCAPEMENT+IN+THE+SAN+LORENZO+RIVER%2C+CALIFORNIA&rft.au=Pipal%2C+K%3BJessop%2C+M%3BBoughton%2C+D%3BAdams%2C+P&rft.aulast=Pipal&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=90&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=California+Fish+and+Game&rft.issn=00081078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Environmental monitoring; Escapement; Rare species; Tributaries; Endangered Species; Abundance; Endangered species; Coasts; Salmon; River Systems; Dams; Sonar; Fish; Monitoring; Oncorhynchus mykiss; USA, California, San Lorenzo R.; INE, USA, California, Santa Barbara; INE, USA, California, Ventura; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of extreme quantitative precipitation forecasts and development of regional extreme event thresholds using data from HMT-2006 and COOP observers AN - 861984264; 2011-034921 JF - Journal of Hydrometeorology AU - Ralph, F M AU - Sukovich, E AU - Reynolds, D AU - Dettinger, M AU - Weagle, S AU - Clark, W AU - Neiman, P J Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - December 2010 SP - 1286 EP - 1304 PB - American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA VL - 11 IS - 6 SN - 1525-755X, 1525-755X KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - Washington KW - surface water KW - rivers and streams KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - models KW - California KW - Oregon KW - quantitative analysis KW - Western U.S. KW - snow KW - meteorology KW - rain KW - Nevada KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/861984264?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+extreme+quantitative+precipitation+forecasts+and+development+of+regional+extreme+event+thresholds+using+data+from+HMT-2006+and+COOP+observers&rft.au=Ralph%2C+F+M%3BSukovich%2C+E%3BReynolds%2C+D%3BDettinger%2C+M%3BWeagle%2C+S%3BClark%2C+W%3BNeiman%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Ralph&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1286&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.issn=1525755X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010jhm1232.1 L2 - http://journals.ametsoc.org/loi/hydr LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - MA N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; California; hydrology; meteorology; models; Nevada; Oregon; quantitative analysis; rain; rivers and streams; snow; surface water; United States; Washington; Western U.S. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jhm1232.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating Changes in Coho Salmon and Steelhead Abundance from Watershed Restoration: How Much Restoration Is Needed to Measurably Increase Smolt Production? AN - 860386855; 14378039 AB - Using existing data from evaluations of habitat restoration, we estimated the average change in coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch and steelhead O. mykiss parr and smolt densities for common in-channel (culvert removal, large wood placement, boulder placement, and constructed logjams) and floodplain restoration techniques (constructed side channels and reconnected floodplain habitats). We then used these numbers and a Monte Carlo simulation to predict changes in fish numbers in a model watershed for two restoration scenarios: (1) restoration of all accessible habitat within the watershed and (2) restoration of the average amount historically implemented in Puget Sound watersheds (8% of total restorable areas). Mean increases in coho salmon parr or smolt density after restoration ranged from 0.19 to 2.32 parr/m for in-channel techniques and from 0.34 to 1.70 parr/m super(2) for floodplain techniques. Increases in steelhead parr or smolt density ranged from -0.06 to 0.71 fish/m and from 0.03 to 0.06 fish/m super(2) for in-channel and floodplain techniques, respectively. Under restoration scenario 1, the predicted mean increase in numbers was 1,459,254 (117%) and 285,302 (140%) for coho salmon parr and smolts and 93,965 (65%) and 28,001 (125%) for steelhead parr and smolts. Under scenario 2, the predicted mean increase in parr and smolts was 59,591 (5%) and 15,022 (7%) for coho salmon and 1,733 (1%) and 1,195 (5%) for steelhead. The percentage of floodplain and in-channel habitat that would have to be restored in the modeled watershed to detect a 25% increase in coho salmon and steelhead smolt production (the minimum level detectable by most monitoring programs) was 20%. However, given the large variability in fish response (changes in density or abundance) to restoration, 100% of the habitat would need to be restored to be 95% certain of achieving a 25% increase in smolt production for either species. Our study demonstrates that considerable restoration is needed to produce measurable changes in fish abundance at a watershed scale. JF - North American Journal of Fisheries Management AU - Roni, Philip AU - Pess, George AU - Beechie, Tim AU - Morley, Sarah AD - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Watershed Program, 2725 Montlake Boulevard East, Seattle, Washington 98112, USA, phil.roni@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - Dec 2010 SP - 1469 EP - 1484 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA VL - 30 IS - 6 SN - 0275-5947, 0275-5947 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Monte Carlo simulation KW - Smolt KW - Anadromous species KW - Abundance KW - Population density KW - flood plains KW - Watersheds KW - Population dynamics KW - Models KW - Habitats KW - Coast defences KW - Fishery management KW - smolts KW - Sound KW - Salmon KW - Data processing KW - Density KW - Estimating KW - Smolts KW - Environmental impact KW - Wood KW - Habitat KW - Model Studies KW - Flood Plains KW - Channels KW - Flood plains KW - Habitat improvement KW - Scales KW - salmon KW - INE, USA, Washington, Puget Sound KW - Fish KW - Oncorhynchus kisutch KW - abundance KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0810:General KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/860386855?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.atitle=Estimating+Changes+in+Coho+Salmon+and+Steelhead+Abundance+from+Watershed+Restoration%3A+How+Much+Restoration+Is+Needed+to+Measurably+Increase+Smolt+Production%3F&rft.au=Roni%2C+Philip%3BPess%2C+George%3BBeechie%2C+Tim%3BMorley%2C+Sarah&rft.aulast=Roni&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1469&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.issn=02755947&rft_id=info:doi/10.1577%2FM09-162.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Coast defences; Flood plains; Habitat improvement; Anadromous species; Smolts; Population density; Environmental impact; Population dynamics; Watersheds; Monte Carlo simulation; Data processing; Fishery management; Scales; Abundance; Sound; Habitat; Models; Channels; smolts; Wood; salmon; Fish; flood plains; abundance; Flood Plains; Salmon; Smolt; Habitats; Estimating; Density; Model Studies; Oncorhynchus kisutch; INE, USA, Washington, Puget Sound DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M09-162.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Hang-in Percentage on Catch Rates of Flounder in the North Carolina Inshore Gill-Net Fishery AN - 860386252; 14378049 AB - The effects of hang-in percentage (degree of tautness) on the catch efficiency of gill nets for paralichthine flounders in North Carolina were examined using monofilament gill nets with 5.75-in stretched mesh. Nets with hang-in percentages of 33% and 60% were fished in pairs and were separated by a single monofilament gill net of 5.50-in stretched mesh. Catches of the paired test nets were significantly different, with the catches obtained by the looser nets (60% hang-in) exceeding the catches in the more tightly hung nets (33% hang-in) by 37% in number of fish and 46% in estimated weight. Length-frequency distributions of the catch were not significantly different between the paired nets with different hang-in percentages. Length-frequency distributions of legal-sized fish taken in 5.50- and 5.75-in stretched-mesh nets were significantly different, with the smaller mesh size resulting in a smaller (left-shifted) length-frequency distribution. Thus, hang-in percentage can be manipulated to alter flounder harvest rates per unit of net, and small changes in mesh size can alter the size distribution of the catch. JF - North American Journal of Fisheries Management AU - Ahrenholz, Dean W AU - Smith, Joseph W AD - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, 101 Pivers Island Road, Beaufort, North Carolina 28516 USA, dean.ahrenholz@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - Dec 2010 SP - 1401 EP - 1407 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA VL - 30 IS - 6 SN - 0275-5947, 0275-5947 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Marine KW - USA, North Carolina KW - catches KW - Pleuronectiformes KW - Demersal fisheries KW - fishery management KW - Nets KW - Marine fish KW - Fishery management KW - Fisheries KW - Body size KW - Fish KW - Gillnets KW - Gills KW - Size distribution KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/860386252?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Hang-in+Percentage+on+Catch+Rates+of+Flounder+in+the+North+Carolina+Inshore+Gill-Net+Fishery&rft.au=Ahrenholz%2C+Dean+W%3BSmith%2C+Joseph+W&rft.aulast=Ahrenholz&rft.aufirst=Dean&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1401&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.issn=02755947&rft_id=info:doi/10.1577%2FM10-127.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Fishery management; Body size; Demersal fisheries; Gillnets; Size distribution; Fisheries; Gills; Nets; catches; fishery management; Fish; Pleuronectiformes; USA, North Carolina; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M10-127.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The impact of Greenland melt on local sea levels; a partially coupled analysis of dynamic and static equilibrium effects in idealized water-hosing experiments AN - 859729730; 2011-032716 AB - Local sea level can deviate from mean global sea level because of both dynamic sea level (DSL) effects, resulting from oceanic and atmospheric circulation and temperature and salinity distributions, and changes in the static equilibrium (SE) sea level configuration, produced by the gravitational, elastic, and rotational effects of mass redistribution. Both effects will contribute to future sea level change. To compare their magnitude, we simulated the effects of Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS) melt by conducting idealized North Atlantic "water-hosing" experiments in a climate model unidirectionally coupled to a SE sea level model. At current rates of GIS melt, we find that geographic SE patterns should be challenging but possible to detect above dynamic variability. At higher melt rates, we find that DSL trends are strongest in the western North Atlantic, while SE effects will dominate in most of the ocean when melt exceeds nearly equal 20 cm equivalent sea level. Copyright 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. JF - Climatic Change AU - Kopp, Robert E AU - Mitrovica, Jerry X AU - Griffies, Stephen M AU - Yin, Jianjun AU - Hay, Carling C AU - Stouffer, Ronald J Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - December 2010 SP - 619 EP - 625 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 103 IS - 3-4 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - ocean circulation KW - Arctic region KW - Greenland ice sheet KW - rates KW - simulation KW - equilibrium KW - ice sheets KW - climate change KW - Greenland KW - spatial variations KW - sea-level changes KW - melting KW - glacial geology KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/859729730?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=The+impact+of+Greenland+melt+on+local+sea+levels%3B+a+partially+coupled+analysis+of+dynamic+and+static+equilibrium+effects+in+idealized+water-hosing+experiments&rft.au=Kopp%2C+Robert+E%3BMitrovica%2C+Jerry+X%3BGriffies%2C+Stephen+M%3BYin%2C+Jianjun%3BHay%2C+Carling+C%3BStouffer%2C+Ronald+J&rft.aulast=Kopp&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=619&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10584-010-9935-1 L2 - DOI: http://www.springerlink.com/(hc4pmh453vbxpeaygjkevi45)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100247,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Supplemental information/data is available in the online version of this article; based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-17 N1 - CODEN - CLCHDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arctic region; Atlantic Ocean; climate change; equilibrium; glacial geology; Greenland; Greenland ice sheet; ice sheets; melting; North Atlantic; ocean circulation; rates; sea-level changes; simulation; spatial variations DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-010-9935-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - US NOAA Fisheries and UK SAHFOS CPR surveys: comparison of methods and data AN - 856785687; 14310306 AB - The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Fisheries Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) Survey has sampled four routes: Boston-Nova Scotia (1961-present), New York toward Bermuda (1976-present), Narragansett Bay-Mount Hope Bay-Rhode Island Sound (1998-present) and eastward of Chesapeake Bay (1974-1980). NOAA involvement began in 1974 when it assumed responsibility for the existing Boston-Nova Scotia route from what is now the UK's Sir Alister Hardy Foundation for Ocean Science (SAHFOS). Training, equipment and computer software were provided by SAHFOS to ensure continuity for this and standard protocols for any new routes. Data for the first 14 years of this route were provided to NOAA by SAHFOS. Comparison of collection methods; sample processing; and sample identification, staging and counting techniques revealed near-consistency between NOAA and SAHFOS. One departure involved phytoplankton counting standards. This has since been addressed and the data corrected. Within- and between-survey taxonomic and life-stage names and their consistency through time were, and continue to be, an issue. For this, a cross-reference table has been generated that contains the SAHFOS taxonomic code, NOAA taxonomic code, NOAA life-stage code, National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC) taxonomic code, Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) serial number and authority and consistent use/route. This tableis available for review/use by other CPR surveys. Details of the NOAA and SAHFOS comparison and analytical techniques unique to NOAA are presented. JF - Journal of Plankton Research AU - Jossi, Jack W AD - US Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Northeast Fisheries Science Center, 28 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA, jack.jossi@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - December 2010 SP - 1623 EP - 1631 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK VL - 32 IS - 12 SN - 0142-7873, 0142-7873 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - CPR KW - plankton KW - North Atlantic KW - Marine fisheries KW - Marine KW - Plankton surveys KW - Data processing KW - Computers KW - Stock assessment KW - Developmental stages KW - Phytoplankton KW - Enumeration KW - Computer programs KW - software KW - Islands KW - Fishery management KW - Fishery surveys KW - Reviews KW - Oceans KW - Fisheries KW - Sound KW - Plankton KW - Information systems KW - Oceanographic data KW - Q1 08461:Plankton KW - Q2 09405:Oil and gas KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - O 1050:Vertebrates, Urochordates and Cephalochordates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/856785687?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Plankton+Research&rft.atitle=US+NOAA+Fisheries+and+UK+SAHFOS+CPR+surveys%3A+comparison+of+methods+and+data&rft.au=Jossi%2C+Jack+W&rft.aulast=Jossi&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1623&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Plankton+Research&rft.issn=01427873&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fplankt%2Ffbq032 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fisheries; Plankton surveys; Fishery management; Fishery surveys; Stock assessment; Phytoplankton; Oceanographic data; Information systems; Data processing; Computers; Developmental stages; Enumeration; Computer programs; software; Islands; Oceans; Reviews; Fisheries; Sound; Plankton; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbq032 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A statistical approach for estimating fish diet compositions from multiple data sources: Gulf of California case study AN - 856781692; 14384972 AB - Trophic ecosystem models are one promising tool for providing ecosystem-based management advice. Diet and interaction rate parameters are critical in defining the behavior of these models, and will greatly influence any predictions made in response to management perturbations. However, most trophic ecosystem models must rely on a patchwork of data availability and must contend with knowledge gaps and poor quantification of uncertainty. Here we present a statistical method for combining diet information from field samples and literature to describe trophic relationships at the level of functional groups. In this example, original fieldwork in the northern Gulf of California, Mexico, provides gut content data for targeted and untargeted fish species. The field data are pooled with diet composition information from FishBase, an online data repository. Diet information is averaged across stomachs to represent an average predator, and then the data are bootstrapped to generate likelihood profiles. These are fit to a Dirichlet function, and from the resulting marginal distributions, maximum-likelihood estimates are generated with confidence intervals representing the likely contribution to diet for each predator--prey combination. We characterize trophic linkages into two broad feeding guilds, pelagic and demersal feeders, and explore differentiation within those guilds. We present an abbreviated food web for the northern Gulf of California based on the results of this study. This food web will form the basis of a trophic dynamic model. Compared to the common method of averaging diet compositions across predators, this statistical approach is less influenced by the presence of long tails in the distributions, which correspond to rare feeding events, and is therefore better suited to small data sets. JF - Ecological Applications AU - Ainsworth, CH AU - Kaplan, I C AU - Levin, P S AU - Mangel, M AD - Marine Resources Assessment Group (MRAG) Americas Inc., Northwest Fisheries Science Center (NWFSC-NOAA), 2725 Montlake Blvd. E., Seattle, Washington 98112 USA, cameron.ainsworth@noaa.gov A2 - Stokesbury, K (ed) Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - Dec 2010 SP - 2188 EP - 2202 PB - Ecological Society of America, 1707 H Street, N.W., Suite 400 Washington DC 20006 United States VL - 20 IS - 8 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Diets KW - Feeding KW - Statistics KW - Data processing KW - Tails KW - Predators KW - Trophic relationships KW - Ecosystem models KW - Differentiation KW - Digestive tract KW - Guilds KW - Stomach KW - Internet KW - Food webs KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/856781692?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=A+statistical+approach+for+estimating+fish+diet+compositions+from+multiple+data+sources%3A+Gulf+of+California+case+study&rft.au=Ainsworth%2C+CH%3BKaplan%2C+I+C%3BLevin%2C+P+S%3BMangel%2C+M&rft.aulast=Ainsworth&rft.aufirst=CH&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2188&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-08-23 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Feeding; Data processing; Statistics; Tails; Predators; Trophic relationships; Ecosystem models; Differentiation; Guilds; Digestive tract; Food webs; Internet; Stomach ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating the impacts of fishing on dependent predators: a case study in the California Current AN - 856780968; 14384974 AB - Juvenile rockfish (Sebastes spp.) are important prey to seabirds in the California Current System, particularly during the breeding season. Both seabird breeding success and the abundance of pelagic juvenile rockfish show high interannual variability. This covariation is largely a response to variable ocean conditions; however, fishing on adult rockfish may have had consequences for seabird productivity (e.g., the number of chicks fledged per breeding pair) by reducing the availability of juvenile rockfish to provisioning seabird parents. We tested the hypothesis that fishing has decreased juvenile rockfish availability and thereby limited seabird productivity over the past 30 years. We quantified relationships between observed juvenile rockfish relative abundance and seabird productivity, used fisheries stock assessment approaches to estimate the relative abundance of juvenile rockfish in the absence of fishing, and compared the differences in seabird productivity that would have resulted without rockfish fisheries. We examined the abundance of juvenile rockfish and the corresponding productivity of three seabird species breeding on Southeast Farallon Island (near San Francisco, California, USA) from the early 1980s to the present. Results show that while the relative abundance of juvenile rockfish has declined to similar to 50% of the estimated unfished biomass, seabirds achieved 75-95% of the estimated un-impacted levels of productivity, depending upon the species of bird and various model assumptions. These results primarily reflect seabirds with "conservative" life histories (one egg laid per year) and may be different for species with more flexible life history strategies (greater reproductive effort). Our results are consistent with the premise that the impacts of local rockfish fisheries on seabird productivity are less than impacts that have occurred to the prey resources themselves due to ocean climate and the ability of seabirds to buffer against changes in prey availability through prey-switching and other behavioral mechanisms. JF - Ecological Applications AU - Field, J C AU - MacCall, AD AU - Bradley, R W AU - Sydeman, W J AD - Fisheries Ecology Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, 110 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, California 95060, USA, John.Field@noaa.gov A2 - Stokesbury, K (ed) Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - Dec 2010 SP - 2223 EP - 2236 PB - Ecological Society of America, 1707 H Street, N.W., Suite 400 Washington DC 20006 United States VL - 20 IS - 8 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Food organisms KW - INE, USA, California, Farallon Is. KW - Abundance KW - Predators KW - Food availability KW - INE, Pacific, California Current KW - Models KW - Marine fish KW - Fishing KW - Islands KW - Seabirds KW - Fisheries KW - Seasonal variability KW - Seasonal variations KW - Prey KW - Marine KW - Marine birds KW - Stock assessment KW - Climate KW - Environmental impact KW - Reproductive effort KW - Biomass KW - Ocean currents KW - Interannual variability KW - Life history KW - Oceans KW - Depleted stocks KW - Redfish fisheries KW - INE, USA, California, San Francisco KW - Birds KW - Sebastes KW - Breeding success KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08423:Behaviour KW - M2 551.5:General (551.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/856780968?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Estimating+the+impacts+of+fishing+on+dependent+predators%3A+a+case+study+in+the+California+Current&rft.au=Field%2C+J+C%3BMacCall%2C+AD%3BBradley%2C+R+W%3BSydeman%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Food organisms; Marine birds; Depleted stocks; Abundance; Environmental impact; Redfish fisheries; Food availability; Seasonal variations; Climate; Stock assessment; Predators; Reproductive effort; Biomass; Models; Fishing; Life history; Islands; Oceans; Fisheries; Prey; Breeding success; Ocean currents; Interannual variability; Seabirds; Seasonal variability; Birds; Sebastes; INE, USA, California, Farallon Is.; INE, USA, California, San Francisco; INE, Pacific, California Current; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Restoration through eradication? Removal of an invasive bioengineer restores some habitat function for a native predator AN - 856778499; 14384976 AB - Invasive aquatic macrophytes increase structural complexity in recipient systems and alter trophic and physical resources; thus, eradication programs that remove plant structure have potential to restore some impaired ecological functions. In this study we evaluate how an invasive ecosystem engineer, Atlantic smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora), interferes with the movement and foraging activity of a mobile predator, Dungeness crab (Cancer magister), and whether removal of aboveground cordgrass structure rapidly reestablishes access to foraging habitats. By 2004, smooth cordgrass had invaded >25% of crab foraging habitat in Willapa Bay, Washington (USA), and transformed it into a highly structured landscape. However, by 2007 successful eradication efforts had eliminated most meadows of the cordgrass. In order to investigate the effect of smooth cordgrass on the habitat function of littoral areas for foraging crabs, we integrated field, laboratory, and statistical modeling approaches. We conducted trapping surveys at multiple sites and used a hierarchical model framework to examine patterns in catches prior to and following cordgrass removal (i.e., before-after control-impact design, BACI). Prior to eradication, catches of Dungeness crabs in unstructured habitats were 4-19 times higher than catches in adjacent patches of live cordgrass. In contrast, the results of post-eradication trapping in 2007 indicated similar catch rates of crabs in unstructured habitats and areas formerly invaded by the cordgrass. Subsequent laboratory experiments and video observations demonstrated that the rigid physical structure of smooth cordgrass shoots reduces the ability of Dungeness crabs to access prey resources and increases the risk of stranding. Taken together, these findings suggest that eliminating the structural complexity of invasive macrophytes may rapidly restore some ecological function (i.e., foraging area) for migratory predators like Dungeness crab. However, restoration of affected areas to a preinvasion state will also depend on long-term patterns of succession in invaded areas and the degree of persistence of physical changes that continue to alter biotic characteristics of the habitat. Our work highlights: (1) the efficacy of employing multiple methods of inquiry to evaluate causal relationships through mechanisms of interaction, and (2) the importance of targeting particular ecological functions when identifying both short- and long-term goals of restoration efforts. JF - Ecological Applications AU - Holsman, K K AU - McDonald, P S AU - Barreyro, P A AU - Armstrong, DA AD - National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, 2725 Montlake Boulevard East, Seattle, Washington 98112, USA, kirstin.holsman@noaa.gov A2 - Heppell, SS (ed) Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - Dec 2010 SP - 2249 EP - 2262 PB - Ecological Society of America, 1707 H Street, N.W., Suite 400 Washington DC 20006 United States VL - 20 IS - 8 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - succession KW - Food organisms KW - Invasiveness KW - Ecosystems KW - Predators KW - Crabs KW - Succession KW - Recovery of function KW - Models KW - INE, USA, Washington, Willapa Bay KW - Habitats KW - Interspecific relationships KW - Meadows KW - shoots KW - Prey KW - Spartina alterniflora KW - catches KW - Foraging behavior KW - Mathematical models KW - Laboratories KW - Crustacea KW - Recruitment KW - Landscape KW - Aquatic plants KW - prey KW - Habitat KW - Trapping KW - Stranding KW - Model Studies KW - predators KW - Shoots KW - Macrophytes KW - Foraging behaviour KW - Cancer magister KW - Habitat improvement KW - Dispersion KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - SW 6010:Structures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/856778499?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Restoration+through+eradication%3F+Removal+of+an+invasive+bioengineer+restores+some+habitat+function+for+a+native+predator&rft.au=Holsman%2C+K+K%3BMcDonald%2C+P+S%3BBarreyro%2C+P+A%3BArmstrong%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Holsman&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2249&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Food organisms; Foraging behaviour; Interspecific relationships; Habitat improvement; Aquatic plants; Predators; Habitat; Stranding; Dispersion; Foraging behavior; Invasiveness; Mathematical models; Landscape; Recruitment; Succession; Trapping; Recovery of function; Models; Shoots; Macrophytes; Meadows; Prey; succession; catches; Crustacea; shoots; prey; predators; Habitats; Ecosystems; Laboratories; Crabs; Model Studies; Spartina alterniflora; Cancer magister; INE, USA, Washington, Willapa Bay ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Research and Development Satellite Account Update: Estimates for 1959-2007 AN - 856399624; 2011-50312 AB - This update examines the effects of R&D on economic growth. It includes statistics on R&D-intensive industries and national, regional, and international statistics. Adapted from the source document. JF - Survey of Current Business AU - Lee, Jennifer AU - Schmidt, Andrew G Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - December 2010 SP - 16 EP - 55 PB - Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Dept of Commerce VL - 90 IS - 12 SN - 0039-6222, 0039-6222 KW - Science and technology policy - Science and science policy and research KW - Science and technology policy - Astronomy and space research and technology KW - Education and education policy - Statistics, research, research methods, and research support KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development KW - Manufacturing and heavy industry - Industry and industrial policy KW - Statistics KW - Research and development KW - Economic development KW - Satellites KW - Industry KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/856399624?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Survey+of+Current+Business&rft.atitle=Research+and+Development+Satellite+Account+Update%3A+Estimates+for+1959-2007&rft.au=Lee%2C+Jennifer%3BSchmidt%2C+Andrew+G&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=16&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Survey+of+Current+Business&rft.issn=00396222&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-07 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Research and development; Statistics; Economic development; Satellites; Industry ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reconciliation of the United States-Canadian Current Account, 2008 and 2009 AN - 856398367; 2011-50313 AB - The bilateral current-account estimates of the United States and Canada are reconciled to show how the estimates would appear if both countries used the same definitions, methodologies, and data sources. Adapted from the source document. JF - Survey of Current Business AU - Berman, Barbara AU - Dozier, Edward AU - Caron, Denis Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - December 2010 SP - 57 EP - 71 PB - Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Dept of Commerce VL - 90 IS - 12 SN - 0039-6222, 0039-6222 KW - Banking and public and private finance - International banking and finance and financial institutions KW - International relations - International relations KW - United States KW - Canada KW - Economic relations KW - Balance of payments KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/856398367?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Survey+of+Current+Business&rft.atitle=Reconciliation+of+the+United+States-Canadian+Current+Account%2C+2008+and+2009&rft.au=Berman%2C+Barbara%3BDozier%2C+Edward%3BCaron%2C+Denis&rft.aulast=Berman&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Survey+of+Current+Business&rft.issn=00396222&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-07 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States; Balance of payments; Economic relations; Canada ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High connectivity among locally adapted populations of a marine fish (Menidia menidia) AN - 853488892; 14339831 AB - Patterns of connectivity are important in understanding the geographic scale of local adaptation in marine populations. While natural selection can lead to local adaptation, high connectivity can diminish the potential for such adaptation to occur. Connectivity, defined as the exchange of individuals among subpopulations, is presumed to be significant in most marine species due to life histories that include widely dispersive stages. However, evidence of local adaptation in marine species, such the Atlantic silverside, Menidia menidia, raises questions concerning the degree of connectivity. We examined geochemical signatures in the otoliths, or ear bones, of adult Atlantic silversides collected in 11 locations along the northeastern coast of the United States from New Jersey to Maine in 2004 and eight locations in 2005 using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and isotope ratio monitoring mass spectrometry (irm-MS). These signatures were then compared to baseline signatures of juvenile fish of known origin to determine natal origin of these adult fish. We then estimated migration distances and the degree of mixing from these data. In both years, fish generally had the highest probability of originating from the same location in which they were captured (0.01-0.80), but evidence of mixing throughout the sample area was present. Furthermore, adult M. menidia exhibit highly dispersive behavior with some fish migrating over 700 km. The probability of adult fish returning to natal areas differed between years, with the probability being, on average, 0.2 higher in the second year. These findings demonstrate that marine species with largely open populations are capable of local adaptation despite apparently high gene flow. JF - Ecology AU - Clarke, L M AU - Munch, S B AU - Thorrold AU - Conover, DO AD - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Fisheries, 1315 East-West Highway, Room 15728, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910 USA, Lora.Clarke@noaa.gov A2 - Shanks, AL (ed) Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - December 2010 SP - 3526 EP - 3537 VL - 91 IS - 12 SN - 0012-9658, 0012-9658 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Isotopes KW - Ear KW - Migration KW - Natural selection KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Marine fish KW - Baseline studies KW - Menidia KW - Gene flow KW - Bone mass KW - ANW, USA, Maine KW - Ablation KW - Coasts KW - Marine KW - Data processing KW - Adaptations KW - Subpopulations KW - Coastal waters KW - A, Atlantic KW - Life history KW - Otoliths KW - ANW, USA, New Jersey KW - Scales KW - Migrations KW - Menidia menidia KW - Lasers KW - Q1 08563:Fishing gear and methods KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853488892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecology&rft.atitle=High+connectivity+among+locally+adapted+populations+of+a+marine+fish+%28Menidia+menidia%29&rft.au=Clarke%2C+L+M%3BMunch%2C+S+B%3BThorrold%3BConover%2C+DO&rft.aulast=Clarke&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3526&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecology&rft.issn=00129658&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Baseline studies; Otoliths; Adaptations; Migrations; Coastal waters; Natural selection; Ablation; Isotopes; Data processing; Subpopulations; Ear; Migration; Mass spectroscopy; Life history; Scales; Gene flow; Bone mass; Lasers; Coasts; Menidia; Menidia menidia; ANW, USA, New Jersey; ANW, USA, Maine; A, Atlantic; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An Analysis of the Effect of Global Warming on the Intensity of Atlantic Hurricanes Using a GCM with Statistical Refinement AN - 853486901; 14166053 AB - A statistical intensity adjustment is utilized to extract information from tropical cyclone simulations in a 50-km-resolution global model. A simple adjustment based on the modeled and observed probability distribution of storm lifetime maximum wind speed allows the model to capture the differences between observed intensity distributions in active/inactive year composites from the 1981-2008 period in the North Atlantic. This intensity adjustment is then used to examine the atmospheric model's responses to different sea surface temperature anomalies generated by coupled models for the late twenty-first century. In the North Atlantic all simulations produce a reduction in the total number of cyclones, but with large intermodel spread in the magnitude of the reduction. The intensity response is positively correlated with changes in frequency across the ensemble. However, there is, on average, an increase in intensity in these simulations despite the mean reduction in frequency. The authors argue that it is useful to decompose these intensity changes into two parts: an increase in intensity that is intrinsic to the climate change experiments and a change in intensity positively correlated with frequency, just as in the active/inactive historical composites. By isolating the intrinsic component, which is relatively independent of the details of the SST warming pattern, an increase is found in storm-lifetime maximum winds of 5-10 m s super(-1) for storms with intensities of 30-60 m s super(-1), by the end of the twenty-first century. The effects of change in frequency, which are dependent on the details of the spatial structure of the warming, must then be superimposed on this intrinsic change. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Zhao, Ming AU - Held, Isaac M AD - University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, and NOAA/Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08540-6649, USA, ming.zhao@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - December 2010 SP - 6382 EP - 6393 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 23 IS - 23 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Climate change KW - Tropical cyclones KW - Climate models KW - Statistical techniques KW - North Atlantic Ocean KW - Cyclones KW - Statistical analysis KW - Storms KW - Wind speed KW - Air-sea coupling KW - Marine KW - composite materials KW - Simulation KW - Velocity KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - AN, North Atlantic KW - cyclones KW - Hurricanes KW - Atmosphere-ocean coupled models KW - Numerical simulations KW - General circulation models KW - Temperature anomalies KW - Global warming KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - O 2070:Meteorology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853486901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=An+Analysis+of+the+Effect+of+Global+Warming+on+the+Intensity+of+Atlantic+Hurricanes+Using+a+GCM+with+Statistical+Refinement&rft.au=Zhao%2C+Ming%3BHeld%2C+Isaac+M&rft.aulast=Zhao&rft.aufirst=Ming&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=6382&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JCLI3837.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wind speed; Cyclones; Hurricanes; Air-sea coupling; Climate change; Statistical analysis; Temperature anomalies; Atmospheric circulation; Greenhouse effect; Atmosphere-ocean coupled models; Climate models; Numerical simulations; General circulation models; Global warming; Storms; composite materials; Velocity; Simulation; cyclones; AN, North Atlantic; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JCLI3837.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mating success of alternative male phenotypes and evidence for frequency-dependent selection in Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha AN - 853484756; 14144591 AB - As with other species, frequency-dependent selection during reproduction has long been proposed as an important mechanism in maintaining alternative male reproductive phenotypes in Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.). Jack salmon mature one year earlier than the youngest females in a population and are much smaller than older "adult" males. We tested the hypothesis that mating success of both phenotypes is consistent with the frequency-dependent selection model. By holding male density constant and varying the frequency of adults and jacks in eight separate breeding groups, we found that adult male access to females, participation in spawning events, and adult-to-fry reproductive success increased with their decreasing frequency in a breeding group. Jacks exhibited the same pattern (increasing success with decreasing frequency), although the relationships were not as strong as for adults. Overall, jack and adult males mated with a similar number of females, but jacks sired only 20% of all offspring. Observational data suggested that adult males benefited from sperm precedence associated with their ability to court females and enter the nest first at the time of spawning. Our work provides the first experimental evidence of frequency-dependent selection during mating in the family Salmonidae.Original Abstract: Comme on l'a fait chez d'autres especes, on a longtemps propose la selection en fonction de la frequence durant la reproduction comme mecanisme important pour le maintien des phenotypes reproducteurs males de rechange chez les saumons du Pacifique (Oncorhynchus spp.). Les madeleineaux males atteignent la maturite une annee avant les femelles les plus jeunes dans la population et sont beaucoup plus petits que les males ' adultes ' plus ages. Nous verifions l'hypothese qui veut que le succes de la reproduction pour les deux phenotypes soit compatible avec le modele de selection en fonction de la frequence. En maintenant constante la densite des males et en faisant varier la frequence des males madeleineaux et adultes dans huit groupes reproducteurs differents, nous observons que l'acces des adultes males aux femelles, leur participation aux episodes de reproduction et leur succes reproductif de l'adulte a l'alevin augmentent en fonction de leur frequence decroissante dans un groupe reproducteur. Les madeleinaux males suivent le meme patron (augmentation du succes avec une frequence decroissante), bien que la relation ne soit pas aussi forte qu'avec les adultes. Globalement, les madeleinaux et les males adultes s'accouplent avec un nombre similaire de femelles, mais les madeleinaux n'engendrent que 20 % de l'ensemble des rejetons. Des observations laissent croire que les males adultes jouissent d'une preseance spermatique associee a leur habilete a etre les premiers a courtiser les femelles et a penetrer sur les nids au moment de la fraie. Notre travail fournit les premieres preuves experimentales de la selection en fonction de la frequence durant la fraie dans la famille des Salmonidae. JF - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences AU - Berejikian, Barry A AU - Van Doornik, Donald M AU - Endicott, Rob C AU - Hoffnagle, Timothy L AU - Tezak, Eugene P AU - Moore, Megan E AU - Atkins, Jeffery AD - NOAA Fisheries, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Resource Enhancement and Utilization Technologies Division, Manchester Research Station, P.O. Box 130, Manchester, WA 98353, USA., barry.berejikian@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - December 2010 SP - 1933 EP - 1941 PB - NRC Research Press, 1200 Montreal Rd, Bldg M-55, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada, Tel.: 613-993-9084, 613-990-7873 or 1-800-668-1222 (Canada and U.S.), Fax: 613-952-7656, Ottawa ON K1A 0R6 Canada VL - 67 IS - 12 KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Data processing KW - Anadromous species KW - Males KW - Sperm KW - Spawning KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Frequency dependence KW - Phenotypes KW - Nests KW - Models KW - Mating KW - Breeding KW - I, Pacific KW - Progeny KW - Reproduction KW - Reproductive behaviour KW - Breeding success KW - Y 25020:Territory, Reproduction and Sociality KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - O 1050:Vertebrates, Urochordates and Cephalochordates KW - Q1 08344:Reproduction and development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853484756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences&rft.atitle=Mating+success+of+alternative+male+phenotypes+and+evidence+for+frequency-dependent+selection+in+Chinook+salmon%2C+Oncorhynchus+tshawytscha&rft.au=Berejikian%2C+Barry+A%3BVan+Doornik%2C+Donald+M%3BEndicott%2C+Rob+C%3BHoffnagle%2C+Timothy+L%3BTezak%2C+Eugene+P%3BMoore%2C+Megan+E%3BAtkins%2C+Jeffery&rft.aulast=Berejikian&rft.aufirst=Barry&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1933&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences&rft.issn=1205-7533&rft_id=info:doi/10.1139%2FF10-112 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Males; Anadromous species; Spawning; Reproductive behaviour; Phenotypes; Breeding success; Mating; Data processing; Breeding; Reproduction; Progeny; Sperm; Frequency dependence; Nests; Models; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; I, Pacific DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/F10-112 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fishing catch shares in the face of global change: a framework for integrating cumulative impacts and single species management AN - 853484206; 14144594 AB - Any fishery management scheme, such as individual fishing quotas (IFQs) or marine protected areas, should be designed to be robust to potential shifts in the biophysical system. Here we couple possible catch scenarios under an IFQ scheme with ocean acidification impacts on shelled benthos and plankton, using an Atlantis ecosystem model for the US West Coast. IFQ harvest scenarios alone, in most cases, did not have strong impacts on the food web, beyond the direct effects on harvested species. However, when we added the impacts of ocean acidification, the abundance of commercially important groundfish such as English sole (Pleuronectes vetulus), arrowtooth flounder (Atheresthes stomias), and yellowtail rockfish (Sebastes flavidus) declined up to 20%-80%, owing to the loss of shelled prey items from their diet. English sole exhibited a 10-fold decline in potential catch and economic yield when confronted with strong acidification impacts on shelled benthos. Therefore, it seems prudent to complement IFQs with careful consideration of potential global change effects such as acidification. Our analysis provides an example of how new ecosystem modeling tools that evaluate cumulative impacts can be integrated with established management reference points and decision mechanisms.Original Abstract: Tous les schemas d'amenagement de la peche, tels que les quotas individuels de peche (IFQ) et les zones de protection marine, devraient etre planifies de maniere a demeurer robustes face a des variations potentielles dans le systeme biophysique. Nous associons ici des scenarios de capture possibles dans un projet d'IFQ a des impacts de l'acidification de l'ocean sur le benthos a coquilles et le plancton, a l'aide d'un modele d'ecosysteme Atlantis pour la cote ouest des E.-U. Dans la plupart des cas, les scenarios de recolte IFQ par eux-memes n'ont pas d'impact important sur le reseau alimentaire, au-dela des effets directs sur les especes recoltees. Cependant, lorsqu'on ajoute les impacts de l'acidification de l'ocean, l'abondance de poissons de fond d'importance commerciale, tels que la sole anglaise (Pleuronectes vetulus), la plie a grande bouche (Atherestes stomias) et le sebaste a queue jaune (Sebastes flavidus), decroit de jusqu'a 20-80 % a cause de la perte des proies a coquilles dans leur regime alimentaire. La sole anglaise connait une reduction de dix fois dans la capture potentielle et le rendement economique en presence de forts impacts de l'acidification sur le benthos a coquilles. C'est pourquoi, il parait prudent ameliorer les IFQ en portant une attention particuliere aux effets potentiels du changement climatique, tels que l'acidification. Notre analyse est un exemple illustrant comment les nouveaux outils de modelisation des ecosystemes qui evaluent les impacts cumulatifs peuvent etre integres aux points de reference de gestion etablis et aux mecanismes decisionnels. JF - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences AU - Kaplan, Isaac C AU - Levin, Phillip S AU - Burden, Merrick AU - Fulton, Elizabeth A AD - Northwest Fishery Science Center, NOAA 2725 Montlake Boulevard East, Seattle, WA 98112, USA., Isaac.Kaplan@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - Dec 2010 SP - 1968 EP - 1982 PB - NRC Research Press, 1200 Montreal Rd, Bldg M-55, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada, Tel.: 613-993-9084, 613-990-7873 or 1-800-668-1222 (Canada and U.S.), Fax: 613-952-7656, Ottawa ON K1A 0R6 Canada VL - 67 IS - 12 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Food organisms KW - Abundance KW - Ecosystem models KW - Marine fish KW - Fishing KW - Pleuronectes vetulus KW - Fishery management KW - Economics KW - Acidification KW - Prey KW - Food webs KW - Coasts KW - Diets KW - Marine KW - Sebastes flavidus KW - Atheresthes stomias KW - Environmental impact KW - Demersal fisheries KW - Decision making KW - Oceans KW - INE, USA, West Coast KW - Depleted stocks KW - Plankton KW - Benthos KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853484206?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences&rft.atitle=Fishing+catch+shares+in+the+face+of+global+change%3A+a+framework+for+integrating+cumulative+impacts+and+single+species+management&rft.au=Kaplan%2C+Isaac+C%3BLevin%2C+Phillip+S%3BBurden%2C+Merrick%3BFulton%2C+Elizabeth+A&rft.aulast=Kaplan&rft.aufirst=Isaac&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1968&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences&rft.issn=1205-7533&rft_id=info:doi/10.1139%2FF10-118 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 75 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Food organisms; Fishery management; Depleted stocks; Demersal fisheries; Environmental impact; Acidification; Food webs; Benthos; Diets; Abundance; Ecosystem models; Fishing; Decision making; Oceans; Economics; Plankton; Prey; Coasts; Sebastes flavidus; Pleuronectes vetulus; Atheresthes stomias; INE, USA, West Coast; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/F10-118 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying sea scallop bed diameter on Georges Bank with geostatistics AN - 853474963; 14039908 AB - Spatially explicit management strategies require the identification of appropriate spatial scales for the observation, analysis and management of fisheries. Although the mesoscale (km) is the domain of traditional fisheries stock units, there have been few attempts to describe mesoscale aggregations of scallops, typically referred to as beds. We quantified the average bed diameter of sea scallops (Placopecten magellanicus) using geostatistics. Data were collected between 1999 and 2007 in the Northern Edge (NE) of Closed Area II and the Nantucket Lightship (NL) Closed Area on Georges Bank. Average bed diameter in the NE varied between 6.5 and 8.6km with classical variograms, and 7.6-9.8km with robust variograms. Average bed diameter in the NL varied between 3.0 and 10.1km with classical variograms, and 4.0-13.22km with robust variograms. There was more spatial structure in the NE. The spatial structure of the NL was less clearly defined and/or more variable. Kriged maps indicate the presence of multiple beds in both areas. Densities of ca. 1.24 scallops/m2 appeared to correspond well with the average bed diameters given by variograms. These results can be used as guidelines for the observation and analysis of the sea scallop resource in the NE and NL. JF - Fisheries Research (Amsterdam) AU - Adams, Charles F AU - Harris, Bradley P AU - Marino, Michael C AU - Stokesbury, Kevin DE AD - School for Marine Science and Technology, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 706 South Rodney French Boulevard, New Bedford, MA 02744-1221, USA, charles.adams@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - Dec 2010 SP - 460 EP - 467 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 106 IS - 3 SN - 0165-7836, 0165-7836 KW - ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Marine fisheries KW - Marine KW - ANW, Atlantic, Georges Bank KW - Data processing KW - Density KW - Maps KW - Fish Management KW - Fishery management KW - Placopecten magellanicus KW - Fisheries KW - Banks KW - Marine molluscs KW - Stocks KW - Lightships KW - Standards KW - Mollusks KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q4 27780:Shellfish & Invertebrates KW - SW 0540:Properties of water KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853474963?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Quantifying+sea+scallop+bed+diameter+on+Georges+Bank+with+geostatistics&rft.au=Adams%2C+Charles+F%3BHarris%2C+Bradley+P%3BMarino%2C+Michael+C%3BStokesbury%2C+Kevin+DE&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=460&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=01657836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fishres.2010.09.021 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fisheries; Fishery management; Lightships; Stocks; Marine molluscs; Data processing; Fisheries; Maps; Fish Management; Density; Banks; Standards; Mollusks; Placopecten magellanicus; ANW, Atlantic, Georges Bank; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2010.09.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Insights into catch-and-release survivorship and stress-induced blood biochemistry of common thresher sharks (Alopias vulpinus) captured in the southern California recreational fishery AN - 853474947; 14039905 AB - The common thresher shark (Alopias vulpinus) is the focus of a popular southern California recreational fishery that typically captures individuals by hooking them in the caudal fin. This technique reduces the ability for forward locomotion and the capacity for ram ventilation. This study assessed the post-capture survivorship of tail-hooked adult and sub-adult common thresher sharks using pop-up satellite archival tags (PSATs) and quantified physiological indicators of capture stress in the blood. Survival of the acute effects of capture was determined from the depth and temperature records of 10-day PSAT deployments. Survivorship estimates were based on 19 common thresher sharks [160-221cm fork length (FL); 67-151kg] captured in southern California from 2007 to 2009 using recreational stand-up tackle (36kg). Five mortalities were observed over the course of the study resulting in an overall post-release mortality estimate of 26%. All mortalities occurred in large individuals (180cm FL) with fight times 85min. The archived depth and temperature data from surviving sharks resembled those of previous common thresher movement studies with a diel depth distribution predominantly within the uniformed temperature surface layer. Capture induced stress parameters measured from the blood of eight additional common thresher sharks that were not tagged revealed plasma lactate and hematocrit levels that were significantly elevated with increased fight time. Similarly, all thresher sharks showed heightened heat shock protein 70 (hsp 70) values relative to those obtained from blood that was allowed to recover in vitro for 24h. Collectively, our findings indicate that large tail-hooked common thresher sharks with prolonged fight times (85min) exhibit a heightened stress response which may contribute to an increased mortality rate. These results suggest that for larger individuals the current caudal-based capture methods used in the California recreational fishery may not be suitable for an effective catch-and-release based conservation strategy. JF - Fisheries Research (Amsterdam) AU - Heberer, C AU - Aalbers, SA AU - Bernal, D AU - Kohin, S AU - DiFiore, B AU - Sepulveda, CA AD - National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), Southwest Region, Carlsbad, CA 92011, USA, chugey@pier.org Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - Dec 2010 SP - 495 EP - 500 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 106 IS - 3 SN - 0165-7836, 0165-7836 KW - ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Ventilation KW - Biochemistry KW - Survival KW - Surface layers KW - Acute effects KW - Marine fish KW - Alopias vulpinus KW - Serological studies KW - Hsp70 protein KW - Locomotion KW - Fisheries KW - Hematocrit KW - Survivorship KW - USA, California KW - Abiotic factors KW - Temperature effects KW - Marine KW - Mortality KW - Data processing KW - Temperature KW - Stress KW - Satellites KW - Blood KW - Recreation areas KW - Lactic acid KW - Conservation KW - survival KW - sharks KW - Mortality causes KW - Q1 08603:Fishery statistics and sampling KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - Q4 27790:Fish KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853474947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Insights+into+catch-and-release+survivorship+and+stress-induced+blood+biochemistry+of+common+thresher+sharks+%28Alopias+vulpinus%29+captured+in+the+southern+California+recreational+fishery&rft.au=Heberer%2C+C%3BAalbers%2C+SA%3BBernal%2C+D%3BKohin%2C+S%3BDiFiore%2C+B%3BSepulveda%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Heberer&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=495&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=01657836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fishres.2010.09.024 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Blood; Serological studies; Biochemistry; Survival; Survivorship; Surface layers; Mortality causes; Abiotic factors; Temperature effects; Mortality; Data processing; Ventilation; Stress; Satellites; Acute effects; Hsp70 protein; Locomotion; Fisheries; Lactic acid; Conservation; Hematocrit; Recreation areas; Temperature; survival; sharks; Alopias vulpinus; USA, California; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2010.09.024 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of fishery-independent hook and line-based data for use in the stock assessment of bocaccio rockfish (Sebastes paucispinis) AN - 853474840; 14039924 AB - Fishery-independent surveys are an important source of information for stock assessment and management worldwide. Research surveys often use trawl gear to capture commercially valuable species and calculate indices of relative abundance or density. However, many species of interest do not occur in direct contact with the bottom, or occur in areas where high-relief habitat precludes trawl operation. This paper introduces a standardized hook and line survey for rockfish conducted by NOAA Fisheries' Northwest Fisheries Science Center in the Southern California Bight. The survey uses fishing gear similar to that used in many recreational fisheries to sample approximately 120 locations covering a wide range of depths and habitats. To provide an example of how these data can be analyzed for direct inclusion in stock assessments, we standardize catch rates of bocaccio rockfish from 2004-2008 using a Bayesian Generalized Linear Model to account for site, fishing time, survey vessel, angler, and other statistically significant effects. Results indicate that the bocaccio stock vulnerable to this survey in the Southern California Bight has shown a relatively flat trend over recent years. Length frequency distributions indicate the presence of several strong cohorts that should be detectable in future stock assessments of bocaccio for use in U.S. West Coast groundfish management. This survey is the only available tuning index for the adult portion of the bocaccio population in recent years as historically used recreational catch per unit effort indices have been compromised due to changes in bag limits and other management restrictions. JF - Fisheries Research (Amsterdam) AU - Harms, John H AU - Wallace, John R AU - Stewart, Ian J AD - NOAA Fisheries, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112, USA, John.Harms@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - Dec 2010 SP - 298 EP - 309 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 106 IS - 3 SN - 0165-7836, 0165-7836 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Bayesian analysis KW - Abundance KW - Fishing gear KW - Statistical analysis KW - Population density KW - INE, USA, California, Southern California Bight KW - Sebastes paucispinis KW - Marine fish KW - Survey vessels KW - Frequency Distribution KW - Fishing Gear KW - Fishing KW - Habitats KW - Coastal Zone Management KW - Assessments KW - Fishery management KW - Fishery surveys KW - Fisheries KW - Coasts KW - Biological surveys KW - Marine KW - Data processing KW - Mathematical models KW - Bights KW - Stock assessment KW - Fishermen KW - Surveys KW - Habitat KW - SW 0540:Properties of water KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853474840?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+fishery-independent+hook+and+line-based+data+for+use+in+the+stock+assessment+of+bocaccio+rockfish+%28Sebastes+paucispinis%29&rft.au=Harms%2C+John+H%3BWallace%2C+John+R%3BStewart%2C+Ian+J&rft.aulast=Harms&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=298&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=01657836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fishres.2010.08.010 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological surveys; Survey vessels; Marine fish; Fishery management; Fishery surveys; Fishermen; Fishing gear; Stock assessment; Population density; Fishing; Mathematical models; Data processing; Bayesian analysis; Abundance; Fisheries; Statistical analysis; Habitat; Coasts; Fishing Gear; Frequency Distribution; Habitats; Coastal Zone Management; Assessments; Bights; Surveys; Sebastes paucispinis; INE, USA, California, Southern California Bight; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2010.08.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional variation in the otolith chemistry of blue marlin (Makaira nigricans) and white marlin (Tetrapturus albidus) from the western North Atlantic Ocean AN - 853474836; 14039912 AB - Stable carbon ( delta 13C) and oxygen ( delta 18O) isotopes in the whole otoliths of blue marlin (Makaira nigricans) and white marlin (Tetrapturus albidus) were quantified, and regional variation in otolith composition was used to examine the population structure of both species in the western North Atlantic Ocean from collections taken over three decades (1981-2007). Otolith delta 13C and delta 18O of blue marlin and white marlin varied significantly among the regions investigated (Gulf of Mexico, Straits of Florida, Caribbean Sea, and U.S. Atlantic). Overall cross-validated classification success was 62% for blue marlin and 46% for white marlin (collected in three of four regions), with highest classification success for blue marlin in the Gulf of Mexico (85%) and for white marlin along the U.S. Atlantic (58%). Variability in otolith delta 18O of blue marlin and white marlin was higher in regions where individuals displayed a greater degree of movement based on previous tagging studies in the same regions. Reduced variability in otolith delta 18O of blue marlin in the Gulf of Mexico combined with high classification success of individuals from this region suggests that movement out of this basin may be more limited than in other regions investigated. Conversely, higher variability in otolith delta 18O and lower classification success for white marlin signifies that mixing among regions may be more common for this species. These results suggest that the concept of migratory contingents may have some application to istiophorids in the western North Atlantic Ocean (i.e. blue marlin), but continue to support the concept of single Atlantic wide stocks for both species. JF - Fisheries Research (Amsterdam) AU - Wells, RJDavid AU - Rooker, Jay R AU - Prince, Eric D AD - Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University, 5007 Avenue U, Galveston, TX 77551, USA, David.Wells@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - December 2010 SP - 430 EP - 435 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 106 IS - 3 SN - 0165-7836, 0165-7836 KW - ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Stable isotopes KW - Billfish KW - Stock structure KW - Otolith chemistry KW - Migration KW - ASW, USA, Florida KW - Isotopes KW - Recruitment KW - Basins KW - Tetrapturus albidus KW - AN, North Atlantic KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - Oxygen KW - ASW, Caribbean Sea KW - Makaira nigricans KW - Carbon KW - Otoliths KW - Classification KW - Oceans KW - Population structure KW - Tagging KW - Regional variations KW - Q1 08342:Geographical distribution KW - Q4 27800:Miscellaneous KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853474836?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Regional+variation+in+the+otolith+chemistry+of+blue+marlin+%28Makaira+nigricans%29+and+white+marlin+%28Tetrapturus+albidus%29+from+the+western+North+Atlantic+Ocean&rft.au=Wells%2C+RJDavid%3BRooker%2C+Jay+R%3BPrince%2C+Eric+D&rft.aulast=Wells&rft.aufirst=RJDavid&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=430&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=01657836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fishres.2010.09.017 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Otoliths; Classification; Population structure; Tagging; Regional variations; Oxygen; Isotopes; Carbon; Oceans; Recruitment; Basins; Makaira nigricans; Tetrapturus albidus; ASW, Mexico Gulf; ASW, USA, Florida; ASW, Caribbean Sea; AN, North Atlantic DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2010.09.017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A survey of trace element distribution in tissues of stone crabs (Menippe mercenaria) from South Carolina Coastal Waters AN - 851471455; 14043300 AB - The stone crab (Menippe mercenaria) is an important component of the estuarine food web as both predator and prey. Stone crabs live in sediment, primarily consume oysters, and as a result, have the potential to accumulate significant quantities of pollutants including metals. In South Carolina, the stone crab is becoming a targeted fishery as an ecologically sustainable seafood choice. To date, no studies have reported metals in stone crab tissues. This study examined the distribution of major and minor trace elements in chelae and body muscle, gill, and hepatopancreas. Crabs were collected from three tidal areas within Charleston County, South Carolina, with differing upland use. Results were compared by collection location and by tissue type. Concentrations of some metals associated with anthropogenic activities were up to three times higher in crabs from sites adjacent to more urbanized areas. Concentrations in edible tissues were below historical FDA levels of concern. JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin AU - Reed, Lou Ann AU - Pennington, Paul L AU - Wirth, Edward AD - NOAA, NOS, NCCOS, Center for Coastal Environmental Health and Biomolecular Research, Charleston, SC, USA, LouAnn.Reed@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - Dec 2010 SP - 2297 EP - 2302 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK VL - 60 IS - 12 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - Crabs KW - Crayfishes KW - Florida stone crab KW - Lobsters KW - Prawns KW - Shrimp KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - Food organisms KW - Trace elements in seawater KW - Coastal Waters KW - Trace elements KW - oysters KW - Pollutants KW - ANW, USA, South Carolina, Charleston KW - Fisheries KW - Muscle KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Brackishwater environment KW - Seafood KW - Marine crustaceans KW - Food webs KW - Gills KW - Marine KW - Metals KW - Sediment pollution KW - Decapoda KW - Brackish KW - Trace Elements KW - Coastal waters KW - Clams KW - Oysters KW - FDA KW - Menippe mercenaria KW - Crustaceans KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - M2 551.468:Coastal Oceanography (551.468) KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/851471455?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=A+survey+of+trace+element+distribution+in+tissues+of+stone+crabs+%28Menippe+mercenaria%29+from+South+Carolina+Coastal+Waters&rft.au=Reed%2C+Lou+Ann%3BPennington%2C+Paul+L%3BWirth%2C+Edward&rft.aulast=Reed&rft.aufirst=Lou&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.marpolbul.2010.09.025 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment pollution; Food organisms; Pollutants; Brackishwater environment; Seafood; Marine crustaceans; Gills; Food webs; Trace elements; Trace elements in seawater; Fisheries; Coastal waters; Historical account; Metals; oysters; Oysters; FDA; Crustaceans; Coastal Waters; Muscle; Sediment Contamination; Trace Elements; Crabs; Clams; Decapoda; Menippe mercenaria; ANW, USA, South Carolina, Charleston; Marine; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.09.025 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical contamination assessment of the Hudson-Raritan Estuary as a result of the attacks on the World Trade Center: Analysis of trace elements AN - 851471220; 14043301 AB - The attack on the World Trade Center (WTC) resulted in the destruction of buildings, and the release of tons of dust and debris into the environment. As part of the effort to characterize the environmental impact of the WTC collapse, Mussel Watch Program trace element measurements from the Hudson-Raritan Estuary (HRE) were assessed for the years before (1986-2001) and after (2001-2005) the attack. Trace element measurements in the HRE were significantly higher than Mussel Watch measurements taken elsewhere in the Nation. Post-attack trace element measurements were not significantly different from pre-attack measurements. The impacts of WTC collapse may have been obscured by high ambient levels of trace elements in the HRE. JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin AU - Kimbrough, K L AU - Commey, S AU - Apeti, DA AU - Lauenstein, G G AD - National Status and Trends Program, NOAA N/SCI1, 1305 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA, kimani.kimbrough@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - December 2010 SP - 2289 EP - 2296 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK VL - 60 IS - 12 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Contamination KW - Trade KW - Estuaries KW - Environmental impact KW - Brackish KW - Buildings KW - Debris KW - Dust KW - Trace elements KW - Marine pollution KW - Marine molluscs KW - Chemical contamination KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - Q2 09181:General KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/851471220?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Chemical+contamination+assessment+of+the+Hudson-Raritan+Estuary+as+a+result+of+the+attacks+on+the+World+Trade+Center%3A+Analysis+of+trace+elements&rft.au=Kimbrough%2C+K+L%3BCommey%2C+S%3BApeti%2C+DA%3BLauenstein%2C+G+G&rft.aulast=Kimbrough&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2289&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.marpolbul.2010.07.009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Trade; Marine pollution; Contamination; Estuaries; Environmental impact; Marine molluscs; Debris; Dust; Trace elements; Chemical contamination; Buildings; Marine; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.07.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A real-time qPCR assay for the detection of the nifH gene of Methanobrevibacter smithii, a potential indicator of sewage pollution AN - 851465516; 14099872 AB - AbstractAims: To develop a quantitative, real-time PCR assay to detect the nifH gene of Methanobrevibacter smithii. Methanobrevibacter smithii is a methanogenic archaea found in the intestinal tract of humans that may be a useful indicator of sewage pollution in water.Methods and Results: Quantification standards were prepared from Meth. smithii genomic DNA dilutions, and a standard curve was used to quantify the target gene and calculate estimated genome equivalency units. A competitive internal positive control was designed and incorporated into the assay to assess inhibition in environmental extracts. Testing the assay against a panel of 23 closely related methanogen species demonstrated specificity of the assay for Meth. smithii. A set of 36 blind water samples was then used as a field test of the assay. The internal control identified varying levels of inhibition in 29 of 36 (81%) samples, and the Meth. smithii target was detected in all water samples with known sewage input.Conclusions: The quantitative PCR assay developed in this study is a sensitive and rapid method for the detection of the Meth. smithii nifH gene that includes an internal control to assess inhibition. Further research is required both to better evaluate host specificity of this assay and the correlation with human health risks.Significance and Impact of the Study: This research is the first description of the development of a rapid and sensitive quantitative assay for a methanogenic archaeal indicator of sewage pollution. JF - Journal of Applied Microbiology AU - Johnston, C AU - Ufnar, JA AU - Griffith, J F AU - Gooch, JA AU - Stewart, J R AD - 1 Jardon and Howard Technologies Incorporated, Orlando, FL, USA, chris.x.johnston@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - December 2010 SP - 1946 EP - 1956 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 109 IS - 6 SN - 1364-5072, 1364-5072 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - environmental-recreational water KW - indicators KW - intestinal microbiology KW - polymerase chain reaction (PCR) KW - water quality KW - Risk assessment KW - Genomes KW - Archaea KW - Water sampling KW - Water Analysis KW - Water Sampling KW - Indicators KW - Environmental health KW - Field Tests KW - NifH gene KW - Public health KW - Assay KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - genomics KW - Pollution KW - Host specificity KW - Pollution detection KW - Methanogenic archaea KW - Assays KW - Inhibition KW - Methanogenic bacteria KW - Health risks KW - Sewage KW - Methanobrevibacter smithii KW - Microorganisms KW - DNA KW - Intestine KW - Standards KW - Wastewater KW - H 6000:Natural Disasters/Civil Defense/Emergency Management KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - G 07770:Bacteria KW - A 01300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/851465516?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Microbiology&rft.atitle=A+real-time+qPCR+assay+for+the+detection+of+the+nifH+gene+of+Methanobrevibacter+smithii%2C+a+potential+indicator+of+sewage+pollution&rft.au=Johnston%2C+C%3BUfnar%2C+JA%3BGriffith%2C+J+F%3BGooch%2C+JA%3BStewart%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Johnston&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1946&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Microbiology&rft.issn=13645072&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2672.2010.04824.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Host specificity; Sewage; Intestine; Methanogenic archaea; Polymerase chain reaction; genomics; Methanogenic bacteria; NifH gene; Pollution; Risk assessment; Health risks; Pollution detection; Water sampling; DNA; Assays; Environmental health; Public health; Water Analysis; Water Sampling; Microorganisms; Indicators; Assay; Standards; Field Tests; Inhibition; Wastewater; Archaea; Methanobrevibacter smithii DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2010.04824.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fisheries buybacks: a review and guidelines AN - 851462954; 14096024 AB - AbstractBuybacks of fishing vessels, licences, access and other rights, and gear, sometimes called decommissioning schemes, have traditionally been a key policy tool to address overcapacity, overexploitation of fish stocks, and distributional issues in fisheries. Two more issues can be added, sustainable use of ecosystems and conservation of biodiversity (i.e. ecological public goods and services) and providing a transition to a more rationalized fishery. This study discusses reasons for buybacks; examines consequences; considers asymmetric information, design of buyback auctions and other design issues; buybacks as a transition to a rationalized industry with strong property rights and governance, financing and transnational fisheries; draws out key lessons from the international experience; and provides an overall evaluation. JF - Fish and Fisheries AU - Squires, Dale AD - NOAA Fisheries, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, 8604 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA, dale.squires@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - Dec 2010 SP - 366 EP - 387 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 11 IS - 4 SN - 1467-2960, 1467-2960 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - sustainable use KW - Fishing vessels KW - Financing KW - decommissioning KW - Biodiversity KW - Sustainable development KW - Fishery policy KW - financing KW - Fishery management KW - Literature reviews KW - guidelines KW - Licences KW - Reviews KW - Fisheries KW - overexploitation KW - Property rights KW - Fish KW - Environment management KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08121:Law, policy, economics and social sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/851462954?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fish+and+Fisheries&rft.atitle=Fisheries+buybacks%3A+a+review+and+guidelines&rft.au=Squires%2C+Dale&rft.aulast=Squires&rft.aufirst=Dale&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=366&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fish+and+Fisheries&rft.issn=14672960&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1467-2979.2010.00365.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fishery policy; Fishing vessels; Financing; Literature reviews; Fishery management; Licences; Sustainable development; Property rights; Biodiversity; Environment management; sustainable use; financing; guidelines; Reviews; decommissioning; Fisheries; overexploitation; Fish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2979.2010.00365.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - International Geomagnetic Reference Field; the eleventh generation AN - 849006610; 2011-017567 AB - The eleventh generation of the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) was adopted in December 2009 by the International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy Working Group V-MOD. It updates the previous IGRF generation with a definitive main field model for epoch 2005.0, a main field model for epoch 2010.0, and a linear predictive secular variation model for 2010.0-2015.0. In this note the equations defining the IGRF model are provided along with the spherical harmonic coefficients for the eleventh generation. Maps of the magnetic declination, inclination and total intensity for epoch 2010.0 and their predicted rates of change for 2010.0-2015.0 are presented. The recent evolution of the South Atlantic Anomaly and magnetic pole positions are also examined. Abstract Copyright (2010), RAS. JF - Geophysical Journal International AU - Finlay, C C AU - Maus, S AU - Beggan, C D AU - Bondar, T N AU - Chambodut, A AU - Chernova, T A AU - Chulliat, A AU - Golovkov, V P AU - Hamilton, B AU - Hamoudi, M AU - Holme, R AU - Hulot, G AU - Kuang, W AU - Langlais, B AU - Lesur, V AU - Lowes, F J AU - Luehr, H AU - Macmillan, S AU - Mandea, M AU - McLean, S AU - Manoj, C AU - Menvielle, M AU - Michaelis, I AU - Olsen, N AU - Rauberg, J AU - Rother, M AU - Sabaka, T J AU - Tangborn, A AU - Toffner-Clausen, L AU - Thebault, E AU - Thomson, A W P AU - Wardinski, I AU - Wei, Z AU - Zvereva, T I Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - December 2010 SP - 1216 EP - 1230 PB - Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society, the Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft and the European Geophysical Society VL - 183 IS - 3 SN - 0956-540X, 0956-540X KW - technology KW - International Geomagnetic Reference Field KW - pole positions KW - paleomagnetism KW - algorithms KW - satellite methods KW - magnetic field KW - remote sensing KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/849006610?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.atitle=International+Geomagnetic+Reference+Field%3B+the+eleventh+generation&rft.au=Finlay%2C+C+C%3BMaus%2C+S%3BBeggan%2C+C+D%3BBondar%2C+T+N%3BChambodut%2C+A%3BChernova%2C+T+A%3BChulliat%2C+A%3BGolovkov%2C+V+P%3BHamilton%2C+B%3BHamoudi%2C+M%3BHolme%2C+R%3BHulot%2C+G%3BKuang%2C+W%3BLanglais%2C+B%3BLesur%2C+V%3BLowes%2C+F+J%3BLuehr%2C+H%3BMacmillan%2C+S%3BMandea%2C+M%3BMcLean%2C+S%3BManoj%2C+C%3BMenvielle%2C+M%3BMichaelis%2C+I%3BOlsen%2C+N%3BRauberg%2C+J%3BRother%2C+M%3BSabaka%2C+T+J%3BTangborn%2C+A%3BToffner-Clausen%2C+L%3BThebault%2C+E%3BThomson%2C+A+W+P%3BWardinski%2C+I%3BWei%2C+Z%3BZvereva%2C+T+I&rft.aulast=Finlay&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=183&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1216&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Journal+International&rft.issn=0956540X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-246X.2010.04804.x L2 - http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0956-540X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; International Geomagnetic Reference Field; magnetic field; paleomagnetism; pole positions; remote sensing; satellite methods; technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04804.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The importance of fallback foods in primate ecology and evolution AN - 839127695; 4140273 JF - American journal of physical anthropology AU - Constantino, Paul J AU - Wright, Barth W AU - Marshall, Andrew J AU - Boyko, Corin M AU - Feilen, Katie L AU - Boyko, Ryan H AU - Leighton, Mark AU - Altmann, Stuart A AU - Wrangham, Richard AU - Cheney, Dorothy AU - Seyfarth, Robert AU - Sarmiento, Esteban AU - Lucas, Peter W AU - Chalk, Janine AU - Ziscovici, Charles AU - Fragaszy, Dorothy M AU - Hill, David A AU - Lee, James J.W. AU - Chai, Herzl AU - Darvell, Brian W AU - Lee, Paul K.D. AU - Yuen, Tony D.B. AU - Lawn, Brian R AU - Sponheimer, Matt AU - Codron, Daryl AU - Passey, Benjamin H AU - de Ruiter, Darryl J AU - Cerling, Thure E AU - Lee-Thorp, Julia A AU - Sauther, Michelle L AU - Cuozzo, Frank P AU - Wright, Kristin A AU - Verderane, Michele P AU - Fragaszy, Dorothy AU - Visalberghi, Elisabetta AU - Izar, Patricia AU - Ottoni, Eduardo B AU - Vinyard, Christopher AU - Grueter, Cyril C AU - Li, Dayong AU - Ren, Baoping AU - Wei, Fuwen AU - Xiang, Zuofu AU - Vogel, Erin R AU - Haag, Livia AU - Mitra-Setia, Tatang AU - Schaik, Carel P. van AU - Dominy, Nathaniel J AU - Doran-Sheehy, D AU - Mongo, P AU - Lodwick, J AU - Conklin-Brittain, N L AU - Yamagiwa, Juichi AU - Basabose, Augustin Kanyunyi AD - George Washington University ; Kansas City University of Medicine and Biosciences ; University of California, Davis ; Great Ape World Heritage Species Project, Cambridge MA ; Princeton University ; Harvard University ; University of Pennsylvania ; Human Evolution Foundation, East Brunswick ; University of Georgia ; University of Sussex ; Tel-Aviv University ; University of Hong Kong ; National Institute of Standards and Technology ; University of Colorado, Boulder ; University of KwaZulu-Natal ; California Institute of Technology ; Texas A&M University ; University of Utah ; University of Bradford ; University of North Dakota ; Universidade de São Paulo ; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ; Universität Zürich ; Northwest University ; Chinese Academy of Sciences ; Central South University of Forestry and Technology, China ; University of California, Santa Cruz ; National University, Indonesia ; State University of New York, Stony Brook ; Kyoto University ; Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles, Democratic Republic of Congo Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - Dec 2010 SP - 599 EP - 750 VL - 140 IS - 4 SN - 0002-9483, 0002-9483 KW - Anthropology KW - Feeding KW - Physical anthropology KW - Social behaviour KW - Food KW - Evolutionary biology KW - Evolutionary anthropology KW - Dietary change KW - Animal ecology KW - Nutrition KW - Primates KW - Evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839127695?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+physical+anthropology&rft.atitle=The+importance+of+fallback+foods+in+primate+ecology+and+evolution&rft.au=Constantino%2C+Paul+J%3BWright%2C+Barth+W%3BMarshall%2C+Andrew+J%3BBoyko%2C+Corin+M%3BFeilen%2C+Katie+L%3BBoyko%2C+Ryan+H%3BLeighton%2C+Mark%3BAltmann%2C+Stuart+A%3BWrangham%2C+Richard%3BCheney%2C+Dorothy%3BSeyfarth%2C+Robert%3BSarmiento%2C+Esteban%3BLucas%2C+Peter+W%3BChalk%2C+Janine%3BZiscovici%2C+Charles%3BFragaszy%2C+Dorothy+M%3BHill%2C+David+A%3BLee%2C+James+J.W.%3BChai%2C+Herzl%3BDarvell%2C+Brian+W%3BLee%2C+Paul+K.D.%3BYuen%2C+Tony+D.B.%3BLawn%2C+Brian+R%3BSponheimer%2C+Matt%3BCodron%2C+Daryl%3BPassey%2C+Benjamin+H%3Bde+Ruiter%2C+Darryl+J%3BCerling%2C+Thure+E%3BLee-Thorp%2C+Julia+A%3BSauther%2C+Michelle+L%3BCuozzo%2C+Frank+P%3BWright%2C+Kristin+A%3BVerderane%2C+Michele+P%3BFragaszy%2C+Dorothy%3BVisalberghi%2C+Elisabetta%3BIzar%2C+Patricia%3BOttoni%2C+Eduardo+B%3BVinyard%2C+Christopher%3BGrueter%2C+Cyril+C%3BLi%2C+Dayong%3BRen%2C+Baoping%3BWei%2C+Fuwen%3BXiang%2C+Zuofu%3BVogel%2C+Erin+R%3BHaag%2C+Livia%3BMitra-Setia%2C+Tatang%3BSchaik%2C+Carel+P.+van%3BDominy%2C+Nathaniel+J%3BDoran-Sheehy%2C+D%3BMongo%2C+P%3BLodwick%2C+J%3BConklin-Brittain%2C+N+L%3BYamagiwa%2C+Juichi%3BBasabose%2C+Augustin+Kanyunyi&rft.aulast=Constantino&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=140&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=599&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+physical+anthropology&rft.issn=00029483&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Collection of 15 articles N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 9507 1077; 4562; 5114; 4853 5114; 10148; 4563 1608 1077; 11776; 4564 1615 8573 11325; 3546 3545 8808; 1030 3858; 8808 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The influence of fallback foods on great ape tooth enamel AN - 839126450; 4140244 AB - Lucas and colleagues recently proposed a model based on fracture and deformation concepts to describe how mammalian tooth enamel may be adapted to the mechanical demands of diet (Lucas et al.: Bioessays 30[2008] 374-385). Here we review the applicability of that model by examining existing data on the food mechanical properties and enamel morphology of great apes (Pan, Pongo, and Gorilla). Particular attention is paid to whether the consumption of fallback foods is likely to play a key role in influencing great ape enamel morphology. Our results suggest that this is indeed the case. We also consider the implications of this conclusion on the evolution of the dentition of extinct hominins. Copyright John Wiley & Sons. Reproduced with permission. An electronic version of this article is available online at http://www.interscience.wiley.com JF - American journal of physical anthropology AU - Constantino, Paul J AU - Lucas, Peter W AU - Lee, James J.W. AU - Lawn, Brian R AD - George Washington University ; National Institute of Standards and Technology Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - Dec 2010 SP - 653 EP - 660 VL - 140 IS - 4 SN - 0002-9483, 0002-9483 KW - Anthropology KW - Chimpanzees KW - Hominids KW - Food KW - Morphology KW - Dentition KW - Gorillas KW - Nutrition KW - Evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839126450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+physical+anthropology&rft.atitle=The+influence+of+fallback+foods+on+great+ape+tooth+enamel&rft.au=Constantino%2C+Paul+J%3BLucas%2C+Peter+W%3BLee%2C+James+J.W.%3BLawn%2C+Brian+R&rft.aulast=Constantino&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=140&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=653&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+physical+anthropology&rft.issn=00029483&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fajpa.21096 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5961 10148; 5114; 3425 12637 1678; 4562; 5547 10148; 2218 10148; 8288 1608 1077; 8808 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.21096 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global Meteorological Services as a Partner in Statecraft AN - 837450257; 2010-24838 AB - Improvements in weather forecasting will reduce the cost of emergency foreign assistance in the long run. The National Weather Service is working with the United Nations World Meteorological Organization to improve accuracy of forecasts internationally. Severe weather events and longer-term climate changes can play a major part in disrupting life quality and economic and political stability. Adapted from the source document. JF - Foreign Service Journal AU - Hayes, John L AD - U.S. National Weather Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - December 2010 SP - 32 EP - 34 PB - American Foreign Service Association, Washington DC VL - 87 IS - 12 SN - 0146-3543, 0146-3543 KW - Environment and environmental policy - Weather, climate, and natural disasters KW - International relations - International organizations KW - Environment and environmental policy - Ecology and environmental policy KW - Weather KW - Emergency preparedness KW - Climate KW - World meteorological organization KW - Forecasting KW - United Nations KW - Environmental policy KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/837450257?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Foreign+Service+Journal&rft.atitle=Global+Meteorological+Services+as+a+Partner+in+Statecraft&rft.au=Hayes%2C+John+L&rft.aulast=Hayes&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=32&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Foreign+Service+Journal&rft.issn=01463543&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-10 N1 - SuppNotes - http://www.foreignservicejournal-digital.com/foreignservicejournal/201012?f olio=32 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Weather; Forecasting; United Nations; World meteorological organization; Environmental policy; Emergency preparedness; Climate ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The value of coverage in the Medicare advantage insurance market AN - 818627127; 201031559 AB - This paper examines the impact of coverage on demand for health insurance in the Medicare Advantage (MA) insurance market. Estimating the effects of coverage on demand poses a challenge for researchers who must consider both the hundreds of benefits that affect out-of-pocket costs (OOPC) to consumers, but also the endogeneity of coverage. These problems are addressed in a discrete choice demand model by employing a unique measure of OOPC that considers a consumer's expected payments for a fixed bundle of health services and applying instrumental variable techniques to address potential endogeneity bias. The results of the demand model show that OOPC have a significant effect on consumer surplus and that not instrumenting for OOPC results in a significant underestimate of the value of coverage. [Copyright Elsevier B.V.] JF - Journal of Health Economics AU - Dunn, Abe AD - Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1441 L Street NW, Washington, DC 20230, United States abe.dunn@bea.gov Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - December 2010 SP - 839 EP - 855 PB - Elsevier Ltd, Amsterdam The Netherlands VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0167-6296, 0167-6296 KW - Medicare advantage Health insurance Demand Consumer surplus KW - Coverage KW - Medicare KW - Health insurance KW - Consumers KW - Payments KW - Health services KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/818627127?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aassia&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Health+Economics&rft.atitle=The+value+of+coverage+in+the+Medicare+advantage+insurance+market&rft.au=Dunn%2C+Abe&rft.aulast=Dunn&rft.aufirst=Abe&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=839&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Health+Economics&rft.issn=01676296&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhealeco.2010.08.005 LA - English DB - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-16 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - CODEN - JHECD9 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Coverage; Health insurance; Consumers; Medicare; Payments; Health services DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2010.08.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Continuous gaseous and total ammonia measurements from the southeastern aerosol research and characterization (SEARCH) study AN - 815541493; 13892239 AB - Continuous ammonia (NH3) measurements with a temporal resolution of 5min were implemented at selected SEARCH sites in the southeastern U. S. during 2007. The SEARCH continuous NH3 instrument uses a citric acid denuder difference technique employing a dual-channel nitric oxide-ozone chemiluminescence analyzer. Data from two SEARCH sites are presented, Jefferson Street, Atlanta (JST) (urban), and Yorkville, Georgia (YRK) (rural), for the period July-December, 2007. Highest NHx (total ammonia=gaseous NH3+PM2.5 NH4+) values were observed in August and September at both JST and YRK. Highest NH3 values occurred in August and September at JST, but in August through October at YRK. Lowest NH3 and NHx values occurred in December at both sites. YRK is significantly impacted by nearby poultry sources, routinely experiencing hourly average NH3 mixing ratios above 20ppbv. Wind sector analysis clearly implicates the nearby poultry operations as the source of the high NH3 values. Weekday versus weekend differences in composite hourly mean diurnal profiles of NH3 at JST indicate that mobile sources have a measurable but relatively small impact on NH3 observed at that site, and little or no impact on NH3 observed at YRK. A distinctive composite mean hourly diurnal variation was observed at both JST and YRK, exhibiting maxima in the morning and evening with a broad minimum during midday. Analysis of observed NH3 diurnal variations from the literature suggests a hypothesized mechanism for the observed behavior based on interaction of local emissions and dry deposition with the formation and collapse of the dynamically mixed atmospheric boundary layer during the day and shallow nocturnal layer at night. Simple mixed layer concentration box model simulations confirm the plausibility of the suggested mechanism. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Saylor, Rick D AU - Edgerton, Eric S AU - Hartsell, Benjamin E AU - Baumann, Karsten AU - Hansen, DAlan AD - Atmospheric Research & Analysis, Inc., Snellville, GA, USA, rick.saylor@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - December 2010 SP - 4994 EP - 5004 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 44 IS - 38 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Poultry KW - poultry KW - Mixing KW - Urban microclimatology KW - Emissions KW - Mixing ratio KW - Atmospheric boundary layer KW - Chemiluminescence KW - Wind KW - Diurnal variations KW - Aerosols KW - composite materials KW - Ammonia KW - Collapse KW - Simulation KW - Ammonia content of atmosphere KW - Aerosol research KW - Numerical simulations KW - Profiles KW - Acids KW - Deposition KW - USA, Georgia, Atlanta KW - Dry deposition KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 2060:Effects on water of human nonwater activities KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/815541493?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Continuous+gaseous+and+total+ammonia+measurements+from+the+southeastern+aerosol+research+and+characterization+%28SEARCH%29+study&rft.au=Saylor%2C+Rick+D%3BEdgerton%2C+Eric+S%3BHartsell%2C+Benjamin+E%3BBaumann%2C+Karsten%3BHansen%2C+DAlan&rft.aulast=Saylor&rft.aufirst=Rick&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=38&rft.spage=4994&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2010.07.055 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diurnal variations; Aerosol research; Urban microclimatology; Numerical simulations; Ammonia content of atmosphere; Mixing ratio; Dry deposition; Atmospheric boundary layer; Chemiluminescence; Aerosols; composite materials; poultry; Ammonia; Emissions; Simulation; Poultry; Profiles; Acids; Collapse; Deposition; Mixing; Wind; USA, Georgia, Atlanta DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.07.055 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Climate Variability and Change in South America: ENSO, Decadal Variability and Climate Change in South America: Trends, Teleconnections, and Potential Impacts; Guayaquil, Ecuador, 12-14 October 2010 AN - 1712566188; PQ0001955578 AB - El Nino and the Southern Oscillation (ENSO) have profound effects on South American climate. Warm ENSO events (El Ninos) and cold ENSO events (La Ninas), which occur on year-to-year time scales, are associated with droughts, floods, and other extreme weather events across the continent. Anthropogenic greenhouse gas warming of the planet will also likely have a profound effect on South America, through both gradual shifts in the baseline climate and increases in extreme events, including possible changes in the ENSO cycle. There are indications that climate change may already be having an impact in South America, with temperature trends observed in the Galapagos and in the altiplano of the northern Andes and in the shrinking of tropical mountain glaciers. There has also been a shift in the behavior of El Nino, with an increased tendency for warm sea surface temperature anomalies to be concentrated in the central Pacific rather than in the eastern Pacific during the past 2 decades. These central Pacific (or "Modoki," which means "similar but different" in Japanese) El Ninos have a different signature than eastern Pacific El Ninos in terms of teleconnection patterns on weather variability in South America and in terms of effects on marine ecosystems and fisheries along the west coast of the continent. However, the instrumental climate record is relatively short, and many of the observed trends could simply be the result of natural decadal climate variability that is unresolved in observations. JF - EOS, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - McPhaden, MJ AU - Vera, C S AU - Guingla, R M AD - Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Wash. Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - December 2010 SP - 473 PB - Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., 1105 N Market St Wilmington DE 19801 VL - 91 IS - 49 SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Marine fisheries KW - INW, Japan KW - Glaciers KW - La Nina KW - Climate change KW - South America, Andes Mts. KW - ISE, Ecuador, Guayas, Guayaquil KW - Drought KW - American Geophysical Union KW - Teleconnection patterns KW - Sea surface temperature anomalies KW - El Nino-Southern Oscillation event variability KW - Climatic variability KW - Floods KW - El Nino KW - Fisheries KW - Marine ecosystems KW - Droughts KW - Southern oscillation KW - El Nino phenomena KW - Teleconnections KW - I, Central Pacific KW - Weather KW - Bolivia, Altiplano KW - Climate KW - Temperature KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Southern Oscillation KW - Continents KW - Behavior KW - El Nino-Southern Oscillation event KW - Temperature anomalies KW - Temperature trends KW - Greenhouse gases KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - Q2 09405:Oil and gas KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - O 6030:Oil and Gas Resources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1712566188?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EOS%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Climate+Variability+and+Change+in+South+America%3A+ENSO%2C+Decadal+Variability+and+Climate+Change+in+South+America%3A+Trends%2C+Teleconnections%2C+and+Potential+Impacts%3B+Guayaquil%2C+Ecuador%2C+12-14+October+2010&rft.au=McPhaden%2C+MJ%3BVera%2C+C+S%3BGuingla%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=McPhaden&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=49&rft.spage=473&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EOS%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010EO490006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fisheries; Weather; El Nino; Climate change; Temperature anomalies; Greenhouse effect; Teleconnections; El Nino phenomena; Southern Oscillation; La Nina; Drought; American Geophysical Union; Teleconnection patterns; Sea surface temperature anomalies; Climatic variability; El Nino-Southern Oscillation event variability; Floods; El Nino-Southern Oscillation event; Fisheries; Temperature trends; Marine ecosystems; Climate; Glaciers; Temperature; Continents; Behavior; Greenhouse gases; Southern oscillation; Droughts; INW, Japan; I, Central Pacific; Bolivia, Altiplano; South America, Andes Mts.; ISE, Ecuador, Guayas, Guayaquil DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010EO490006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeled infiltration rate distributions for U.S. housing AN - 1701004515; 14099760 AB - Abstract A set of 209 dwellings that represent 80% of U.S. housing stock is used to generate frequency distributions of residential infiltration rates. The set of homes is based on an analysis of the 1997 U.S. Department of Energy's Residential Energy Consumption Survey, which documents numerous housing characteristics including type, floor area, number of rooms, type of heating system, foundation type, and year of construction. The infiltration rate distributions are developed using the multizone network airflow model, CONTAM (CONTAMW 2.4 User Guide and Program Documentation, NISTIR 7251. National Institute of Standards and Technology.). In this work, 19 cities are selected to represent U.S. climatic conditions, and CONTAM simulations are performed for each of the 209 houses in these cities to calculate building air change rates for each hour over a year. Frequency distributions are then developed and presented nationally as well as based on house type and region.Practical ImplicationsThese distributions will support indoor air quality, exposure, and energy analyses based on a truly representative collection of U.S. homes, which has previously not been possible. In addition, the methodology employed can be extended to other countries and other collections of buildings. For U.S.-specific analyses, these homes and their models, can be extended to include occupants, contaminant sources, and other building features to allow a wide range of studies to address other ventilation and indoor air quality issues. JF - Indoor Air AU - Persily, A AU - Musser, A AU - Emmerich, S J AD - 1National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD andyp@nist.gov Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - December 2010 SP - 473 EP - 485 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 20 IS - 6 SN - 0905-6947, 0905-6947 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Distributions KW - Frequency KW - Housing KW - Residential KW - Ventilation KW - Collection KW - Houses KW - Frequency distribution KW - Infiltration KW - Indoor KW - Standards KW - Air quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1701004515?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indoor+Air&rft.atitle=Modeled+infiltration+rate+distributions+for+U.S.+housing&rft.au=Persily%2C+A%3BMusser%2C+A%3BEmmerich%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Persily&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=473&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Indoor+Air&rft.issn=09056947&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1600-0668.2010.00669.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0668.2010.00669.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global river nutrient export: A scenario analysis of past and future trends AN - 1520377081; 19534125 AB - An integrated modeling approach was used to connect socioeconomic factors and nutrient management to river export of nitrogen, phosphorus, silica and carbon based on an updated Global NEWS model. Past trends (1970-2000) and four future scenarios were analyzed. Differences among the scenarios for nutrient management in agriculture were a key factor affecting the magnitude and direction of change of future DIN river export. In contrast, connectivity and level of sewage treatment and P detergent use were more important for differences in DIP river export. Global particulate nutrient export was calculated to decrease for all scenarios, in part due to increases in dams for hydropower. Small changes in dissolved silica and dissolved organics were calculated for all scenarios at the global scale. Population changes were an important underlying factor for river export of all nutrients in all scenarios. Substantial regional differences were calculated for all nutrient elements and forms. South Asia alone accounted for over half of the global increase in DIN and DIP river export between 1970 and 2000 and in the subsequent 30 years under the Global Orchestration scenario (globally connected with reactive approach to environmental problems); DIN river export decreased in the Adapting Mosaic (globally connected with proactive approach) scenario by 2030, although DIP continued to increase. Risks for coastal eutrophication will likely continue to increase in many world regions for the foreseeable future due to both increases in magnitude and changes in nutrient ratios in river export. JF - Global Biogeochemical Cycles AU - Seitzinger, S P AU - Mayorga, E AU - Bouwman, A F AU - Kroeze, C AU - Beusen, AHW AU - Billen, G AU - Van Drecht, G AU - Dumont, E AU - Fekete, B M AU - Garnier, J AU - Harrison, JA AD - Rutgers and NOAA CMER Program, Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA. Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - December 2010 SP - [np] PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 United States VL - 24 IS - 4 SN - 0886-6236, 0886-6236 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - river KW - nutrient KW - global KW - Detergents KW - Phosphorus KW - Hydroelectric Plants KW - Socioeconomics KW - Nutrients KW - Freshwater KW - Exports KW - INW, Asia KW - Transport processes KW - Rivers KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Hydroelectric power KW - Export KW - Model Studies KW - Coastal zone KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - Nitrogen KW - Agriculture KW - Eutrophication KW - Particulates KW - Models KW - Carbon KW - Dams KW - Risk factors KW - Population changes KW - Seawater pollution KW - Sewage treatment KW - River basin management KW - Socio-economic aspects KW - Adaptability KW - Dam control KW - Silica KW - Mosaics KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - Q2 09184:Composition of water KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - R2 23070:Economics, organization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1520377081?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.atitle=Global+river+nutrient+export%3A+A+scenario+analysis+of+past+and+future+trends&rft.au=Seitzinger%2C+S+P%3BMayorga%2C+E%3BBouwman%2C+A+F%3BKroeze%2C+C%3BBeusen%2C+AHW%3BBillen%2C+G%3BVan+Drecht%2C+G%3BDumont%2C+E%3BFekete%2C+B+M%3BGarnier%2C+J%3BHarrison%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Seitzinger&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=%5Bnp%5D&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.issn=08866236&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2009GB003587 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-08 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Eutrophication; Detergents; Dams; Biogeochemistry; Nutrients (mineral); Transport processes; Sewage treatment; River basin management; Agriculture; Phosphorus; Nutrients; Models; Socio-economic aspects; Silica; Carbon; Mosaics; Population changes; Nitrogen; Dam control; Seawater pollution; Hydroelectric power; Socioeconomics; Particulates; Adaptability; Coastal zone; Exports; Risk factors; Hydroelectric Plants; Export; Model Studies; INW, Asia; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009GB003587 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of Meteosat second generation data towards improving the nowcasting of convective initiation AN - 1017977936; 16704286 AB - The prediction of convective initiation (CI) from a satellite perspective provides forecasters with a constant relatively high temporal and convective scale spatial resolution tool to help protect life and property. By monitoring infrared (IR) channel brightness temperatures, their trends and multi-spectral channel differences, the prediction of CI can be accomplished on the 0-1 h timescale. These methods, currently employed on the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) system, have only recently been explored on the Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) satellite system. The additional channels and derived instability indices available on the MSG satellites may provide additional information useful to the prediction of CI. In this paper a concept is developed and discussed towards the advantages and possible applications of the inclusion of MSG specific IR spectral channels and instability information through the analysis of several convective case events over Central Europe and South Africa. JF - Meteorological Applications AU - Siewert, Christopher W AU - Koenig, Marianne AU - Mecikalski, John R AD - EUMETSAT, Darmstadt, 64295, Germany, chris.siewert@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/12// PY - 2010 DA - Dec 2010 SP - 442 EP - 451 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 17 IS - 4 SN - 1469-8080, 1469-8080 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Brightness temperature KW - Channels KW - Convective activity KW - Europe KW - M2:551.509.1/.5 KW - SW 0540:Properties of water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1017977936?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Meteorological+Applications&rft.atitle=Application+of+Meteosat+second+generation+data+towards+improving+the+nowcasting+of+convective+initiation&rft.au=Siewert%2C+Christopher+W%3BKoenig%2C+Marianne%3BMecikalski%2C+John+R&rft.aulast=Siewert&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=442&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Meteorological+Applications&rft.issn=14698080&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fmet.176 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/met.176/abstract LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Convective activity; Channels; Europe DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/met.176 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electrospray tandem quadrupole fragmentation of quinolone drugs and related ions. On the reversibility of water loss from protonated molecules AN - 918046025; 15267441 AB - Selected reaction monitoring (SRM) of quinolone drugs showed different sensitivities in aqueous solution vs. biological extract. The authors suggested formation of two singly protonated molecules with different behavior, one undergoing loss of H2O and the other loss of CO2, so that SRM transitions might depend on the ratios of these forms generated by the electrospray. These surprising results prompted us to re-examine several quinolone drugs and some simpler compounds to further elucidate the mechanisms. We find that the relative contributions of loss of H2O vs. loss of CO2 in tandem mass spectrometric (MS/MS) experiments depend not only on molecular structure and collision energy, but also, in certain cases, on the cone voltage. We further find that many product ions formed by loss of H2O can reattach a water molecule in the collision cell, whereas ions formed by loss of CO2 do not. Since reattachment of H2O can occur after water loss in the cone region and prior to selection of the precursor ion, this effect leads to the dependence of MS/MS spectra on the cone voltage used in creating the precursor ion, which explains the formerly observed effect on SRM ratios. Our results support the earlier conclusion that varying amounts of two ions of the same m/z value are responsible for problems in the analysis of these drugs, but the origin is in dehydration/rehydration reactions. Thus, SRM transitions for certain complex compounds may be comparable only when monitored under equivalent ion-forming conditions, including the voltage used in the production of the protonated molecules in the electrospray ionization (ESI) source. Published in 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry AU - Neta, Pedatsur AU - Godugu, Bhaskar AU - Liang, Yuxue AU - SimoN-Manso, Yamil AU - Yang, Xiaoyu AU - Stein, Stephen E Y1 - 2010/11/30/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Nov 30 SP - 3271 EP - 3278 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 24 IS - 22 SN - 1097-0231, 1097-0231 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Ions KW - Sensitivity KW - water loss KW - Mass spectrometry KW - molecular structure KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Drugs KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918046025?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rapid+Communications+in+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.atitle=Electrospray+tandem+quadrupole+fragmentation+of+quinolone+drugs+and+related+ions.+On+the+reversibility+of+water+loss+from+protonated+molecules&rft.au=Neta%2C+Pedatsur%3BGodugu%2C+Bhaskar%3BLiang%2C+Yuxue%3BSimoN-Manso%2C+Yamil%3BYang%2C+Xiaoyu%3BStein%2C+Stephen+E&rft.aulast=Neta&rft.aufirst=Pedatsur&rft.date=2010-11-30&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=3271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rapid+Communications+in+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.issn=10970231&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frcm.4769 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/rcm.4769/abstract LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - molecular structure; Sensitivity; Ions; water loss; Mass spectrometry; Carbon dioxide; Drugs DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.4769 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Postdetonation nuclear debris for attribution AN - 1464882661; 2013-094715 AB - On the morning of July 16, 1945, the first atomic bomb was exploded in New Mexico on the White Sands Proving Ground. The device was a plutonium implosion device similar to the device that destroyed Nagasaki, Japan, on August 9 of that same year. Recently, with the enactment of US public law 111-140, the "Nuclear Forensics and Attribution Act," scientists in the government and academia have been able, in earnest, to consider what type of forensic-style information may be obtained after a nuclear detonation. To conduct a robust attribution process for an exploded device placed by a nonstate actor, forensic analysis must yield information about not only the nuclear material in the device but about other materials that went into its construction. We have performed an investigation of glassed ground debris from the first nuclear test showing correlations among multiple analytical techniques. Surprisingly, there is strong evidence, obtainable only through microanalysis, that secondary materials used in the device can be identified and positively associated with the nuclear material. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Fahey, Albert J AU - Zeissler, C J AU - Newbury, D E AU - Davis, J AU - Lindstrom, R M Y1 - 2010/11/23/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Nov 23 SP - 20207 EP - 20212 PB - National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC VL - 107 IS - 47 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - ion probe data KW - impactites KW - isotopes KW - explosions KW - plutonium KW - mass spectra KW - lead KW - autoradiographs KW - radioactive isotopes KW - tritinite KW - metals KW - vitrification KW - metamorphic rocks KW - sediments KW - gamma-ray spectra KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - spectra KW - trace elements KW - nuclear explosions KW - actinides KW - backscattering KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464882661?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Postdetonation+nuclear+debris+for+attribution&rft.au=Fahey%2C+Albert+J%3BZeissler%2C+C+J%3BNewbury%2C+D+E%3BDavis%2C+J%3BLindstrom%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Fahey&rft.aufirst=Albert&rft.date=2010-11-23&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=47&rft.spage=20207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.1010631107 L2 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/journals/2/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-12-05 N1 - CODEN - PNASA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; autoradiographs; backscattering; explosions; gamma-ray spectra; impactites; ion probe data; isotopes; lead; mass spectra; metals; metamorphic rocks; nuclear explosions; plutonium; radioactive isotopes; sediments; spectra; trace elements; tritinite; vitrification; X-ray fluorescence spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1010631107 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Non-lethal determination of sex and reproductive condition of Eastern oysters Crassostrea virginica Gmelin using protein profiles of hemolymph by ProteinchipA+ and SELDI-TOF-MS technology AN - 817607189; 13960747 AB - As the demand for hatchery-produced oyster seed increases for both aquaculture and restoration purposes, techniques to improve seed production, such as accurate determination of broodstock oyster sex and gonad development, have become more important. In this study, we developed a novel method of determining oyster sex and developmental stage through protein profiling of hemolymph using a relatively new proteomic tool, Proteinchip registered and SELDI-TOF-MS. Over 139 peptides/proteins were detected from oyster hemolymph, 62 of which appeared to be involved in reproductive activities. Using the protein-profile information, individual broodstock oysters were categorized successfully into one of five groups: undifferentiated, female developing, female ripe, male developing and male ripe. The accuracy of categorization, confirmed by subsequent, traditional histological methods, was 98.8% (p <0.05). Wide application of this method is still limited by cost; however, results of this research open doors for further study to develop more-affordable and portable methods based upon detection of specific hemolymph peptides and proteins. JF - Aquaculture AU - Li, Yaqin AU - Siddiqui, Ghazala AU - Wikfors, Gary H AD - NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service, Northeast Fisheries Science Center, 212 Rogers Avenue, Milford, CT 06460, USA, judy.yaqin.li@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/11/22/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Nov 22 SP - 258 EP - 264 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 309 IS - 1-4 SN - 0044-8486, 0044-8486 KW - ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Oyster KW - Hemolymph KW - Protein profiles KW - SELDI-TOF-MS KW - Sex KW - Gonadal development KW - Seed (aquaculture) KW - Marine KW - Seeds KW - Oyster culture KW - Seed production KW - Aquaculture KW - Costs KW - Aquaculture development KW - Oysters KW - Profiles KW - Proteins KW - Marine molluscs KW - Crassostrea virginica KW - Peptides KW - Reproduction KW - Brood stocks KW - Technology KW - Q3 08583:Shellfish culture KW - Q1 08583:Shellfish culture KW - SW 0540:Properties of water KW - O 5060:Aquaculture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/817607189?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquaculture&rft.atitle=Non-lethal+determination+of+sex+and+reproductive+condition+of+Eastern+oysters+Crassostrea+virginica+Gmelin+using+protein+profiles+of+hemolymph+by+ProteinchipA%2B+and+SELDI-TOF-MS+technology&rft.au=Li%2C+Yaqin%3BSiddiqui%2C+Ghazala%3BWikfors%2C+Gary+H&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Yaqin&rft.date=2010-11-22&rft.volume=309&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=258&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquaculture&rft.issn=00448486&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.aquaculture.2010.09.030 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Seed (aquaculture); Aquaculture development; Marine molluscs; Reproduction; Peptides; Seed production; Oyster culture; Brood stocks; Costs; Seeds; Profiles; Oysters; Proteins; Aquaculture; Technology; Crassostrea virginica; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2010.09.030 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Novel reduced pressure-balance syringe for chromatographic analysis AN - 856757518; 13932978 AB - When withdrawing a fluid sample (for additional chromatographic analyses) from an apparatus operated at a reduced pressure, a typical syringe proves to be ineffective (even if it is equipped with a gas tight plunger). It simply does not create enough pressure differential to remove a fluid sample from a reduced pressure environment. We encountered such a situation as part of efforts to extend the operation of the advanced distillation curve protocol to reduced pressures. The problem was solved by the development of a pressure balance syringe that allows reliable and precise sampling from an apparatus operating at sub-ambient pressures. This new device uses an external vacuum source to evacuate a syringe barrel, allowing a user to withdraw fluid samples from environments with pressures as low as 0.5 kPa. To demonstrate the operation of the newly developed device, distillate analyses were performed on two fluids at low pressure: a predefined validation mixture, and a commercial soy based biodiesel fuel. The pressure balance syringe was used successfully for sampling in both cases. The use of the pressure balance syringe is not limited to reduced pressure distillations; indeed it can be used for a variety of applications in which chemical/compositional analyses are desired on a fluid contained in a reduced pressure environment. JF - Journal of Chromatography A AU - Windom, Bret C AU - Bruno, Thomas J AD - Thermophysical Properties Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80303-3328, USA, bruno@boulder.nist.gov Y1 - 2010/11/19/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Nov 19 SP - 7434 EP - 7439 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 1217 IS - 47 SN - 0021-9673, 0021-9673 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Distillation curve KW - Low pressure KW - Syringe KW - Chromatographic techniques KW - Distillation KW - Fuels KW - Sampling KW - Fuel KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q2 09405:Oil and gas KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - SW 0540:Properties of water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/856757518?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chromatography+A&rft.atitle=Novel+reduced+pressure-balance+syringe+for+chromatographic+analysis&rft.au=Windom%2C+Bret+C%3BBruno%2C+Thomas+J&rft.aulast=Windom&rft.aufirst=Bret&rft.date=2010-11-19&rft.volume=1217&rft.issue=47&rft.spage=7434&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chromatography+A&rft.issn=00219673&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chroma.2010.09.045 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chromatographic techniques; Fuels; Distillation; Sampling; Fuel DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2010.09.045 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 14 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876255085; 14723-3_0014 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 14 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876255085?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 10 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876255079; 14723-3_0010 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 10 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876255079?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 3 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876255042; 14723-3_0003 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 3 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876255042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 1 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876255027; 14723-3_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 1 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876255027?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 110 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254949; 14723-3_0110 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 110 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254949?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 109 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254939; 14723-3_0109 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 109 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254939?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 105 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254923; 14723-3_0105 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 105 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254923?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 94 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254905; 14723-3_0094 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 94 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254905?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 93 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254880; 14723-3_0093 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 93 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254880?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 91 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254848; 14723-3_0091 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 91 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254848?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 85 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254838; 14723-3_0085 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 85 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254838?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 84 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254831; 14723-3_0084 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 84 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254831?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 79 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254814; 14723-3_0079 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 79 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254814?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 78 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254809; 14723-3_0078 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 78 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254809?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 74 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254801; 14723-3_0074 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 74 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254801?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 64 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254794; 14723-3_0064 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 64 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254794?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 63 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254785; 14723-3_0063 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 63 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254785?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 62 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254779; 14723-3_0062 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 62 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254779?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 57 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254767; 14723-3_0057 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 57 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254767?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 55 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254760; 14723-3_0055 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 55 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254760?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 54 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254753; 14723-3_0054 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 54 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254753?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 49 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254746; 14723-3_0049 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 49 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254746?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 46 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254733; 14723-3_0046 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 46 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254733?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 38 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254728; 14723-3_0038 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 38 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254728?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 34 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254726; 14723-3_0034 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 34 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254726?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 31 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254719; 14723-3_0031 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 31 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254719?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 30 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254717; 14723-3_0030 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 30 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254717?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 26 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254715; 14723-3_0026 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 26 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 22 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254714; 14723-3_0022 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 22 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254714?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 21 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254713; 14723-3_0021 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 21 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254713?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 18 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254688; 14723-3_0018 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 18 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254688?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 16 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254671; 14723-3_0016 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 16 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254671?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 15 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254659; 14723-3_0015 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 15 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254659?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 13 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254650; 14723-3_0013 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 13 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 102 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254595; 14723-3_0102 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 102 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254595?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 101 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254591; 14723-3_0101 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 101 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254591?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 100 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254450; 14723-3_0100 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 100 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 99 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254442; 14723-3_0099 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 99 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254442?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 73 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254437; 14723-3_0073 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 73 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254437?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 72 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254435; 14723-3_0072 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 72 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254435?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 70 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254432; 14723-3_0070 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 70 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254432?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 69 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254430; 14723-3_0069 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 69 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254430?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 48 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254427; 14723-3_0048 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 48 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254427?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 47 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254426; 14723-3_0047 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 47 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254426?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 45 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254423; 14723-3_0045 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 45 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254423?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 25 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254421; 14723-3_0025 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 25 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254421?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 115 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254355; 14723-3_0115 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 115 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254355?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 114 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254353; 14723-3_0114 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 114 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254353?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 113 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254351; 14723-3_0113 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 113 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254351?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 111 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254350; 14723-3_0111 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 111 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254350?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 104 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254347; 14723-3_0104 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 104 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254347?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 103 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254345; 14723-3_0103 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 103 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254345?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 87 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254339; 14723-3_0087 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 87 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254339?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 86 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254336; 14723-3_0086 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 86 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254336?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 77 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254333; 14723-3_0077 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 77 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254333?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 71 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254330; 14723-3_0071 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 71 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254330?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 65 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254328; 14723-3_0065 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 65 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254328?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 60 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254327; 14723-3_0060 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 60 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254327?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 59 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254324; 14723-3_0059 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 59 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 52 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254320; 14723-3_0052 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 52 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254320?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 41 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254318; 14723-3_0041 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 41 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254318?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 40 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254316; 14723-3_0040 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 40 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254316?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 36 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254313; 14723-3_0036 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 36 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254313?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 35 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254307; 14723-3_0035 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 35 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254307?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 29 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254304; 14723-3_0029 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 29 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254304?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 24 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254301; 14723-3_0024 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 24 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254301?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 23 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876254298; 14723-3_0023 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 23 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876254298?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 108 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876253659; 14723-3_0108 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 108 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876253659?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 98 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876253657; 14723-3_0098 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 98 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876253657?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 97 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876253656; 14723-3_0097 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 97 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876253656?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 96 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876253655; 14723-3_0096 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 96 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876253655?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 68 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876253654; 14723-3_0068 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 68 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876253654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 67 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876253653; 14723-3_0067 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 67 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876253653?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 66 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876253652; 14723-3_0066 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 66 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876253652?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 44 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876253651; 14723-3_0044 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 44 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876253651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 43 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876253650; 14723-3_0043 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 43 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876253650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 42 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876253649; 14723-3_0042 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 42 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876253649?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 9 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876252059; 14723-3_0009 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 9 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876252059?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 5 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876252052; 14723-3_0005 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 5 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876252052?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 4 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876252042; 14723-3_0004 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 4 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876252042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 82 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876251462; 14723-3_0082 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 82 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876251462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 81 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876251461; 14723-3_0081 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 81 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876251461?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 56 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876251460; 14723-3_0056 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 56 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876251460?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 33 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876251459; 14723-3_0033 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 33 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876251459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 32 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876251458; 14723-3_0032 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 32 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876251458?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 76 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876251094; 14723-3_0076 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 76 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876251094?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 75 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876251093; 14723-3_0075 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 75 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876251093?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 51 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876251092; 14723-3_0051 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 51 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876251092?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 50 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876251089; 14723-3_0050 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 50 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876251089?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 27 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876251085; 14723-3_0027 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 27 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876251085?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 12 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876251006; 14723-3_0012 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 12 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876251006?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 11 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876251005; 14723-3_0011 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 11 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876251005?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 20 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876247759; 14723-3_0020 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 20 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876247759?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 19 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876247746; 14723-3_0019 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 19 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876247746?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 90 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876247318; 14723-3_0090 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 90 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876247318?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 89 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876247312; 14723-3_0089 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 89 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876247312?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 88 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876247301; 14723-3_0088 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 88 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876247301?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 37 of 116] T2 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 876247283; 14723-3_0037 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 37 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/876247283?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SAVANNAH HARBOR EXPANSION PROJECT, CHATHAM COUNTY GEORGIA AND JASPER COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA (TIER II ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 846896253; 14723 AB - PURPOSE: The deepening of Savannah Harbor and shipping channel in Chatham County, Georgia and Jasper County, South Carolina is proposed. Savannah Harbor is a deep draft harbor on the South Atlantic coast 75 miles south of Charleston, South Carolina and 120 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. Savannah Harbor includes an inner harbor that comprises the last 21.3 miles of the Savannah River and an entrance channel that presently extends about 11.4 miles into the Atlantic Ocean. Savannah National Wildlife Refuge lies adjacent to, and upstream of, the Savannah Harbor project and consists of 29,175 acres of palustrine forested wetlands, palustrine and estuarine emergent wetlands, palustrine scrub-shrub wetlands, riverine wetlands, diked waterfowl impoundments (managed wetlands) and uplands. About 6,000 acres are actively managed wetlands which provide excellent habitat for wintering waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds, and wood ducks. The refuge encompasses much of the high value fish and wildlife habitat that has been or is likely to be impacted by harbor development. Since the last harbor improvements were completed 1994, container traffic has greatly exceeded projections with total tonnage growing at an average annual rate of 6.2 percent between 1995 and 2004. In excess of 70 percent of the vessels do not call on Savannah Harbor at their maximum capacity or design draft. Congress conditionally authorized deepening the harbor up to six feet in the Water Resources Development Act of 1999. The Corps of Engineers issued a report later in 1999 which provided further direction on the additional studies that needed to be conducted. This Tier II draft EIS accompanies a General Re-evaluation Report and evaluates a No Action Alternative and five alternatives for addressing navigation issues based on deepening the navigation channel from the existing depth of 42 feet Mean Low Water (MLW) up to 48 feet MLW. The project would include extending the entrance channel, deepening the existing entrance channel, deepening of the inner harbor to the Garden City Terminal of the Georgia Ports Authority, annual maintenance dredging of the entrance and inner harbor channels to maintain authorized project depths (including advance maintenance), expanding the Kings Island turning basin across from the Garden City Terminal, deepening eight container vessel berths at the Garden City Terminal, construction of four bend wideners, two meeting areas, and construction of six mitigation features. The maximum authorized plan would involve dredging most of the harbor and existing turning basin six feet deeper to 48 feet MLW. Dredging methods could include hydraulic pipeline, hopper dredge, mechanical dredge, or similar equipment. These excavation methods would be used to excavate approximately 15 million cubic yards of sediment from the inner harbor with disposal in the existing upland confined disposal facility and about 13 million cubic yards of sediment from the entrance channel with placement in nearshore feeder berms off Tybee Island, the submerged berms (2,000 feet from the ocean bar entrance channel), and/or the approved ocean dredged material disposal site. This proposed action would result in the initial excavation of about 28 million cubic yards of dredged sediment. The tentatively recommended plan is either the 47-foot depth alternative or the 48-foot depth alternative. Subject to the availability of funds, the construction would likely occur over a three to four year period at an estimated cost of $230.2 million. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would address inefficiencies and problems associated with turning capabilities and overall maneuverability in certain reaches of the inner harbor. Deepening the harbor to the proposed depth would allow vessels to transport the same amount of commodities in fewer trips using the greater operating drafts or larger vessels and thus saving on shipping costs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: With mitigation measures, sediment removal and dredging would directly impact endangered shortnose sturgeon habitat, striped bass habitat, up to 337 acres of tidal freshwater wetlands, and 15.6 acres of fringe brackish marshes. Additional impacts to these resources would also occur through increased salinity and lowering of dissolved oxygen, which are indirect effects resulting from deepening of the harbor. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) and Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-53). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the Tier I draft and final EISs, see 98-0157D, Volume 22, Number 2 and 98-0415F, Volume 22, Number 4, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100453, Volume I--1,202 pages, Volume II--884 pages, General Re-Evaluation Report--857 pages, November 16, 2010 PY - 2010 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Channels KW - Dredging KW - Economic Assessments KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Harbor Improvements KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Navigation KW - Rivers KW - Salinity KW - Section 103 Statements KW - Section 404(b) Statements KW - Sediment Analyses KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Savannah Harbor KW - Savannah National Wildlife Refuge KW - South Carolina KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Water Resources Development Act of 1999, Program Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/846896253?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=SAVANNAH+HARBOR+EXPANSION+PROJECT%2C+CHATHAM+COUNTY+GEORGIA+AND+JASPER+COUNTY%2C+SOUTH+CAROLINA+%28TIER+II+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Savannah, Georgia; ARMY N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: November 16, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organic matter inputs into headwater streams of southwestern British Columbia as a function of riparian reserves and time since harvesting AN - 831198745; 13890062 AB - a- Particulate organic matter delivery from riparian vegetation to streams, a critical ecosystem process, was measured over an eight period after logging in southwestern British Columbia, Canada to quantify the relationship between these litter fluxes and riparian reserves (unlogged controls, 30 and 10-m wide uncut reserves, and clear-cuts). a- Riparian treatment significantly affected the quantity and composition of litter flux: inputs of needles and twigs were significantly lower and proportion of deciduous litter higher in clear-cut streams compared to other treatments. ANOVA models indicated that treatment differences in litter flux persisted through year 7 for some components of litter, while regression models indicated positive trends between reserve width and litter flux through year 8. This positive slope indicates the clear-cut treatment had yet to recover from logging. a- Variation in snowfall and plant succession contributed to temporal variation in litter flux; in some cases, litter inputs increased with annual snowfall. a- Another key finding from this study was that riparian reserves provided total litter inputs to streams that were similar to fully forested controls. Riparian vegetation strongly influences the structure and function of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems; therefore, harvest of riparian trees can profoundly impact these habitats. Riparian reserves (no harvest zones) are used world-wide to reduce these impacts, including effects on organic matter dynamics. There are, however, few experimental evaluations of their efficacy. Particulate organic matter delivery from riparian vegetation to streams, a critical ecosystem process, was measured over an eight year period after logging in southwestern British Columbia, Canada to quantify the relationship between these litter fluxes and riparian reserves (unlogged controls, 30 and 10-m wide uncut reserves, and clear-cuts). We hypothesized that the timing, composition and quantity of organic matter entering these streams would vary as a function of reserve width, but that these differences would decline with time since logging. We also hypothesized that inter-annual variation in precipitation patterns would partially contribute to litter dynamics. Riparian treatment significantly affected the quantity and composition of litter flux: inputs of needles and twigs were significantly lower and proportion of deciduous litter higher in clear-cut streams compared to other treatments. ANOVA models indicated that treatment differences in litter flux persisted through year 7 for some components of litter, while regression models indicated positive trends between reserve width and litter flux through year 8. This positive slope indicates the clear-cut treatment had yet to recover from logging. Variation in snowfall and plant succession contributed to temporal variation in litter flux; in some cases, litter inputs increased with annual snowfall. Another key finding from this study was that riparian reserves provided total litter inputs to streams that were similar to fully forested controls. JF - Forest Ecology and Management AU - Kiffney, Peter M AU - Richardson, John S AD - Fish Ecology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, Mukilteo Field Station, Mukilteo, WA 98275, USA Y1 - 2010/11/15/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Nov 15 SP - 1931 EP - 1942 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 260 IS - 11 SN - 0378-1127, 0378-1127 KW - Environment Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Climate KW - Forestry KW - Headwater streams KW - Pacific coastal ecoregion KW - Particulate organic matter KW - Riparian reserves KW - succession KW - Ecosystems KW - Trees KW - Forests KW - Freshwater KW - Succession KW - Clear cutting KW - Potential resources KW - Organic Matter KW - Structure-function relationships KW - Riparian environments KW - Canada, British Columbia KW - Rivers KW - Litter KW - Vegetation KW - logging KW - Habitat KW - Aquatic ecosystems KW - Model Studies KW - Riparian vegetation KW - Forest management KW - Riparian Vegetation KW - Particulates KW - Streams KW - Logging KW - Regression analysis KW - Temporal variations KW - Organic matter KW - Precipitation KW - Plants KW - Fluctuations KW - Harvesting KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 15:Renewable Resources-Terrestrial KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/831198745?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.atitle=Organic+matter+inputs+into+headwater+streams+of+southwestern+British+Columbia+as+a+function+of+riparian+reserves+and+time+since+harvesting&rft.au=Kiffney%2C+Peter+M%3BRichardson%2C+John+S&rft.aulast=Kiffney&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2010-11-15&rft.volume=260&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1931&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.issn=03781127&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.foreco.2010.08.016 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Logging; Rivers; Potential resources; Particulate organic matter; Temporal variations; Organic matter; Forests; Riparian vegetation; Streams; Forest management; Litter; Trees; Vegetation; Precipitation; Succession; Aquatic ecosystems; Habitat; Structure-function relationships; Regression analysis; Harvesting; succession; Plants; Riparian environments; logging; Particulates; Clear cutting; Riparian Vegetation; Ecosystems; Organic Matter; Fluctuations; Model Studies; Canada, British Columbia; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2010.08.016 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predictive correlations based on large experimental datasets: Critical constants for pure compounds AN - 822519276; 13719133 AB - A framework for development of estimation methods is demonstrated using prediction of critical constants for pure compounds as an example. The dataset of critical temperature T c and critical pressure p c for over 850 compounds used in the present work was extracted from the TRC SOURCE data archival system and is based exclusively on experimental values taken from the literature. Experimental T c and p c values were critically evaluated using the methods of robust regression and their uncertainties were assigned in a rigorous manner. The correlations for critical constants were developed based on Quantitative Structure-Property Relationships (QSPR) methodology combined with the Support Vector Machines (SVM) regression. The propagation of the experimental uncertainties into the predictions produced by the correlations was also assessed using a procedure based on stochastic sampling. The new method is shown to perform significantly better than a number of commonly used estimation methods. JF - Fluid Phase Equilibria AU - Kazakov, Andrei AU - Muzny, Chris D AU - Diky, Vladimir AU - Chirico, Robert D AU - Frenkel, Michael AD - Thermophysical Properties Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305-3328, USA, andrei.kazakov@nist.gov Y1 - 2010/11/15/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Nov 15 SP - 131 EP - 142 PB - Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 298 IS - 1 SN - 0378-3812, 0378-3812 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Correlation KW - Critical properties KW - Empirical modeling KW - Property estimation KW - Quantitative Structure-Property Relationships KW - Support Vector Machines KW - Prediction KW - Molecular structure KW - Temperature KW - Sampling KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q2 09183:Physics and chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/822519276?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fluid+Phase+Equilibria&rft.atitle=Predictive+correlations+based+on+large+experimental+datasets%3A+Critical+constants+for+pure+compounds&rft.au=Kazakov%2C+Andrei%3BMuzny%2C+Chris+D%3BDiky%2C+Vladimir%3BChirico%2C+Robert+D%3BFrenkel%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Kazakov&rft.aufirst=Andrei&rft.date=2010-11-15&rft.volume=298&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fluid+Phase+Equilibria&rft.issn=03783812&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fluid.2010.07.014 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Molecular structure; Prediction; Temperature; Sampling DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2010.07.014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Markets, pooling and insurance for managing bycatch in fisheries AN - 807301739; 13876563 AB - Bycatch is a nearly universal problem for fisheries, and it is increasingly common to place strict limits on allowable bycatch either on individuals or an industry sector. Individual bycatch quotas strengthen individual incentives to avoid bycatch and may reduce the likelihood that the bycatch cap will limit target species catch. However, in cases where bycatch is highly uncertain and variable, individual quotas and markets may be subject to high price variability and may fail to allocate quota efficiently. In some cases such as sea turtles, marine mammals, rare seabird and certain fish species, the allowable take may be less than one per permit holder. There are a number of reasons to believe that a transferable quota market may not function effectively in these cases. I explore the implications of stochasticity and uncertainty of bycatch for valuing quota in an individual bycatch quota system. I explore the degree to which a quota market increases expected profit and reduces individual risk relative to simply having a non-transferable individual bycatch quota, and how pooling approaches and possibly market insurance can be used to reduce financial risk for fishermen associated with uncertain bycatch. JF - Ecological Economics AU - Holland, D S AD - Gulf of Maine Research Institute, 350 Commercial Street, Portland, ME 04101 USA, dan.holland@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/11/15/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Nov 15 SP - 121 EP - 133 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 70 IS - 1 SN - 0921-8009, 0921-8009 KW - Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Risk assessment KW - Marine fisheries KW - Marine KW - catches KW - Aquatic reptiles KW - Man-induced effects KW - incentives KW - Insurance KW - Stochasticity KW - Environmental protection KW - profits KW - By catch KW - Commercial fishing KW - Fishery management KW - Marine mammals KW - Fisheries KW - Economics KW - marine mammals KW - Fish KW - Permits KW - Mortality causes KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/807301739?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Economics&rft.atitle=Markets%2C+pooling+and+insurance+for+managing+bycatch+in+fisheries&rft.au=Holland%2C+D+S&rft.aulast=Holland&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2010-11-15&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Economics&rft.issn=09218009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ecolecon.2010.08.015 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fisheries; Commercial fishing; By catch; Fishery management; Marine mammals; Aquatic reptiles; Man-induced effects; Environmental protection; Mortality causes; Risk assessment; Economics; Fisheries; Stochasticity; catches; marine mammals; Fish; incentives; Permits; Insurance; profits; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2010.08.015 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - INCORPORATION OF THE REVISED WASHINGTON SHORELINE MANAGEMENT ACT GUIDELINES INTO THE FEDERALLY APPROVED WASHINGTON COASTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN. [Part 1 of 1] T2 - INCORPORATION OF THE REVISED WASHINGTON SHORELINE MANAGEMENT ACT GUIDELINES INTO THE FEDERALLY APPROVED WASHINGTON COASTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN. AN - 873132680; 14713-3_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The amendment of the Washington Coastal Zone Management Program (WCZMP) to allow for a more thorough, proactive approach to coastal zone management in Washington State is proposed. The WCZMP has been established since 1976 following approval of the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (CZMA). The Washington Department of Ecology (WDOE) has submitted a request to amend its program by incorporating revised guidelines (Washington Administrative Code [WAC]173-26) developed pursuant to the Washington Shoreline Management Act of 1971 (SMA). The SMA has specific requirements for land and water uses: recognition and protection of statewide interest over local interest; preservation of the natural character of the shoreline; promotion of long-term benefit over short-term gain; protection of the resources and ecology of the shoreline; increasing public access to publicly owned areas of the shoreline; and increasing recreational opportunities of the public on the shoreline. Fifteen counties and 115 local jurisdictions within the coastal zone have developed, adopted, and received approval of Shoreline Master Programs (SMPs) and have authority under the SMA to issue or deny substantial development permits for shoreline use activities. The SMA requires local governments to revise their SMPs in accordance with the new SMP standards. WDOE views the new guidelines as a significant enhancement over the original guidelines, which allow for continued degradation of coastal environments. Alternatives considered in this final EIS include approval of the proposed amendments, denial of the proposed amendments, and the No Action Alternative. The preferred alternative would approve the new WAC 173-26 SMA guidelines and permit federal CZMA grants to WDOE in support of local governments revising their SMPs to meet the new guideline requirements. As this is a programmatic EIS, it does not analyze the means by which a particular local SMP, amended in accordance with the updated management directives, would affect the environmental impacts of an individual development project other than what would occur if the minimum standards of the guidelines were met. Additional environmental analysis would be required at the time of the adoption of local revised SMPs. The new guidelines generally follow the same structure as the original guidelines, namely, environmental designations, shoreline uses, and shoreline developments. However, the new guidelines provide for a higher standard in the preparation and implementation of SMPs. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The new guidelines would take into account ecological functions, cumulative impacts of many small scale developments, and greater efforts to restore coastal environments. The guidelines would help achieve improved water quality, scenic beauty, safer development, and a number of other objectives consistent with the policies of the SMA. In addition, the new guidelines would: introduce new requirements to achieve no new loss of ecological functions from the current baseline; make improvements to the existing shoreline environments as part of mitigation and restoration requirements; give designated critical areas special attention where future development could result in negative impacts; and ensure that activities that do not normally require a shoreline development still help achieve SMA policy goals. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Any coastal area not designated as natural environment would be subject to development, possibly including residential, commercial, and industrial development, that would degrade the natural environment and alter the coastal ecosystem. Populations and industrial growth could become denser in specific areas. Development costs could be incrementally increased due to restrictions under SMPs. Mitigation measures to return disturbed areas to SMP baseline conditions could result in additional ecological disruption and damage. Impacts from existing shoreline uses would continue as they would be exempt and grandfathered into the SMP. LEGAL MANDATES: Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (43 U.S.C. 1465) and Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 08-0221, Volume 32, Number 2. JF - EPA number: 100443, 391 pages, November 5, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 1 KW - Land Use KW - Beaches KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Endangered Species (Plants) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Regulations KW - Shores KW - Standards KW - Water Resources KW - Water Resources Management KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, Compliance KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873132680?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-05&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=INCORPORATION+OF+THE+REVISED+WASHINGTON+SHORELINE+MANAGEMENT+ACT+GUIDELINES+INTO+THE+FEDERALLY+APPROVED+WASHINGTON+COASTAL+MANAGEMENT+PLAN.&rft.title=INCORPORATION+OF+THE+REVISED+WASHINGTON+SHORELINE+MANAGEMENT+ACT+GUIDELINES+INTO+THE+FEDERALLY+APPROVED+WASHINGTON+COASTAL+MANAGEMENT+PLAN.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: November 5, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - INCORPORATION OF THE REVISED WASHINGTON SHORELINE MANAGEMENT ACT GUIDELINES INTO THE FEDERALLY APPROVED WASHINGTON COASTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN. AN - 16386423; 14713 AB - PURPOSE: The amendment of the Washington Coastal Zone Management Program (WCZMP) to allow for a more thorough, proactive approach to coastal zone management in Washington State is proposed. The WCZMP has been established since 1976 following approval of the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (CZMA). The Washington Department of Ecology (WDOE) has submitted a request to amend its program by incorporating revised guidelines (Washington Administrative Code [WAC]173-26) developed pursuant to the Washington Shoreline Management Act of 1971 (SMA). The SMA has specific requirements for land and water uses: recognition and protection of statewide interest over local interest; preservation of the natural character of the shoreline; promotion of long-term benefit over short-term gain; protection of the resources and ecology of the shoreline; increasing public access to publicly owned areas of the shoreline; and increasing recreational opportunities of the public on the shoreline. Fifteen counties and 115 local jurisdictions within the coastal zone have developed, adopted, and received approval of Shoreline Master Programs (SMPs) and have authority under the SMA to issue or deny substantial development permits for shoreline use activities. The SMA requires local governments to revise their SMPs in accordance with the new SMP standards. WDOE views the new guidelines as a significant enhancement over the original guidelines, which allow for continued degradation of coastal environments. Alternatives considered in this final EIS include approval of the proposed amendments, denial of the proposed amendments, and the No Action Alternative. The preferred alternative would approve the new WAC 173-26 SMA guidelines and permit federal CZMA grants to WDOE in support of local governments revising their SMPs to meet the new guideline requirements. As this is a programmatic EIS, it does not analyze the means by which a particular local SMP, amended in accordance with the updated management directives, would affect the environmental impacts of an individual development project other than what would occur if the minimum standards of the guidelines were met. Additional environmental analysis would be required at the time of the adoption of local revised SMPs. The new guidelines generally follow the same structure as the original guidelines, namely, environmental designations, shoreline uses, and shoreline developments. However, the new guidelines provide for a higher standard in the preparation and implementation of SMPs. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The new guidelines would take into account ecological functions, cumulative impacts of many small scale developments, and greater efforts to restore coastal environments. The guidelines would help achieve improved water quality, scenic beauty, safer development, and a number of other objectives consistent with the policies of the SMA. In addition, the new guidelines would: introduce new requirements to achieve no new loss of ecological functions from the current baseline; make improvements to the existing shoreline environments as part of mitigation and restoration requirements; give designated critical areas special attention where future development could result in negative impacts; and ensure that activities that do not normally require a shoreline development still help achieve SMA policy goals. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Any coastal area not designated as natural environment would be subject to development, possibly including residential, commercial, and industrial development, that would degrade the natural environment and alter the coastal ecosystem. Populations and industrial growth could become denser in specific areas. Development costs could be incrementally increased due to restrictions under SMPs. Mitigation measures to return disturbed areas to SMP baseline conditions could result in additional ecological disruption and damage. Impacts from existing shoreline uses would continue as they would be exempt and grandfathered into the SMP. LEGAL MANDATES: Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (43 U.S.C. 1465) and Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 08-0221, Volume 32, Number 2. JF - EPA number: 100443, 391 pages, November 5, 2010 PY - 2010 KW - Land Use KW - Beaches KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Endangered Species (Plants) KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Regulations KW - Shores KW - Standards KW - Water Resources KW - Water Resources Management KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, Compliance KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16386423?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-11-05&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=INCORPORATION+OF+THE+REVISED+WASHINGTON+SHORELINE+MANAGEMENT+ACT+GUIDELINES+INTO+THE+FEDERALLY+APPROVED+WASHINGTON+COASTAL+MANAGEMENT+PLAN.&rft.title=INCORPORATION+OF+THE+REVISED+WASHINGTON+SHORELINE+MANAGEMENT+ACT+GUIDELINES+INTO+THE+FEDERALLY+APPROVED+WASHINGTON+COASTAL+MANAGEMENT+PLAN.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: November 5, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Longitudinal Growth Differences and the Influence of Diet Quality on Atka Mackerel of the Aleutian Islands, Alaska: Using a Bioenergetics Model to Explore Underlying Mechanisms AN - 853474771; 14037143 AB - Atka mackerel Pleurogrammus monopterygius make up the single largest biomass of groundfish in the Aleutian Islands, Alaska, and are an important component of this marine ecosystem. Atka mackerel show a significant decrease in size from east to west. We compared fish from two study areas reflecting this size cline: Seguam Pass in the eastern Aleutians and Amchitka Island in the western Aleutians. At any given age, the Atka mackerel at the former location are larger than those at the latter (e.g., 5-year-old fish average 732 g and 39 cm fork length at Seguam Pass but only 575 g and 36 cm at Amchitka Island). Our objectives were to determine the mechanisms underlying the observed differences in growth, such as prey availability, prey quality, and thermal experience. We used a bioenergetics model to examine the effects of diet and temperature on growth. The model estimates of consumption fell within the range of those observed for Atka mackerel, suggesting that the model was an appropriate tool for exploring these effects. The results obtained with the model suggest that prey quality is the main factor in the observed size differences. At Seguam Pass Atka mackerel ate a more energetically rich diet consisting of euphausiids and fish, whereas at Amchitka Island copepods dominated the diet and there was little to no fish consumption. The model results also suggest that thermal experience contributed less to the observed differences in growth than did the composition of the diet. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the growth of Atka mackerel will improve predictions of biomass and yield within the framework of a dynamic ecosystem and a changing climate. JF - Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science AU - Rand, K M AU - Beauchamp, DA AU - Lowe, SA AD - National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, Washington 98115, USA Y1 - 2010/11/03/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Nov 03 SP - 362 EP - 374 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA IS - 2010 SN - 1942-5120, 1942-5120 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Growth rate KW - Diets KW - Marine KW - Food organisms KW - Pleurogrammus monopterygius KW - Bioenergetics KW - Food availability KW - INE, USA, Alaska, Aleutian Is., Seguam Pass KW - INE, USA, Alaska, Aleutian Is., Rat Is., Amchitka I. KW - Marine fish KW - Growth KW - Clines KW - IN, USA, Alaska, Aleutian Is. KW - Copepoda KW - Scomber KW - Abiotic factors KW - O 5040:Processing, Products and Marketing KW - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853474771?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+and+Coastal+Fisheries%3A+Dynamics%2C+Management%2C+and+Ecosystem+Science&rft.atitle=Longitudinal+Growth+Differences+and+the+Influence+of+Diet+Quality+on+Atka+Mackerel+of+the+Aleutian+Islands%2C+Alaska%3A+Using+a+Bioenergetics+Model+to+Explore+Underlying+Mechanisms&rft.au=Rand%2C+K+M%3BBeauchamp%2C+DA%3BLowe%2C+SA&rft.aulast=Rand&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2010-11-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=2010&rft.spage=362&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+and+Coastal+Fisheries%3A+Dynamics%2C+Management%2C+and+Ecosystem+Science&rft.issn=19425120&rft_id=info:doi/fidm-02-07-01 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Growth rate; Marine fish; Food organisms; Growth; Clines; Bioenergetics; Food availability; Abiotic factors; Pleurogrammus monopterygius; Copepoda; Scomber; INE, USA, Alaska, Aleutian Is., Rat Is., Amchitka I.; IN, USA, Alaska, Aleutian Is.; INE, USA, Alaska, Aleutian Is., Seguam Pass; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/fidm-02-07-01 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozone variability and halogen oxidation within the Arctic and sub-Arctic springtime boundary layer AN - 851463744; 14101462 AB - The influence of halogen oxidation on the variabilities of ozone (O sub(3)) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) within the Arctic and sub-Arctic atmospheric boundary layer was investigated using field measurements from multiple campaigns conducted in March and April 2008 as part of the POLARCAT project. For the ship-based measurements, a high degree of correlation (r = 0.98 for 544 data points collected north of 68 degree N) was observed between the acetylene to benzene ratio, used as a marker for chlorine and bromine oxidation, and O sub(3) signifying the vast influence of halogen oxidation throughout the ice-free regions of the North Atlantic. Concurrent airborne and ground-based measurements in the Alaskan Arctic substantiated this correlation and were used to demonstrate that halogen oxidation influenced O sub(3) variability throughout the Arctic boundary layer during these springtime studies. Measurements aboard the R/V Knorr in the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans provided a unique view of the transport of O sub(3)-poor air masses from the Arctic Basin to latitudes as far south as 52 degree N. FLEXPART, a Lagrangian transport model, was used to quantitatively determine the exposure of air masses encountered by the ship to first-year ice (FYI), multi-year ice (MYI), and total ICE (FYI+MYI). O sub(3) anti-correlated with the modeled total ICE tracer (r = -0.86) indicating that up to 73% of the O sub(3) variability measured in the Arctic marine boundary layer could be related to sea ice exposure. JF - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics AU - Gilman, J B AU - Burkhart, J F AU - Lerner, B M AU - Williams, E J AU - Kuster, W C AU - Goldan, P D AU - Murphy, P C AU - Warneke, C AU - Fowler, C AU - Montzka, SA AD - Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL), NOAA, Boulder, CO, USA Y1 - 2010/11/02/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Nov 02 SP - 10223 EP - 10236 PB - European Geophysical Society, Max-Planck-Str. 13 Katlenburg-Lindau Germany VL - 10 IS - 21 SN - 1680-7316, 1680-7316 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Variability KW - Ozone measurements KW - Boundary Layers KW - Correlations KW - PN, Arctic Basin KW - Ozone variations KW - Sea Ice KW - Ice drift KW - Volatile compounds KW - Atmospheric boundary layer KW - Arctic KW - Ozonation KW - Ozone KW - Air masses KW - Marine KW - PN, Arctic Ocean KW - Ethyne KW - Ocean-ice-atmosphere system KW - Halogens KW - Ocean circulation KW - Air Masses KW - AN, North Atlantic KW - Model Studies KW - Sea ice KW - Marine atmospheric boundary layer KW - Boundary layers KW - Oxidation KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q2 09163:Air-water boundary layer KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - M2 551.326:Floating Ice (551.326) KW - O 2050:Chemical Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/851463744?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics&rft.atitle=Ozone+variability+and+halogen+oxidation+within+the+Arctic+and+sub-Arctic+springtime+boundary+layer&rft.au=Gilman%2C+J+B%3BBurkhart%2C+J+F%3BLerner%2C+B+M%3BWilliams%2C+E+J%3BKuster%2C+W+C%3BGoldan%2C+P+D%3BMurphy%2C+P+C%3BWarneke%2C+C%3BFowler%2C+C%3BMontzka%2C+SA&rft.aulast=Gilman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2010-11-02&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=10223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics&rft.issn=16807316&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ethyne; Ocean-ice-atmosphere system; Sea ice; Halogens; Boundary layers; Volatile compounds; Ice drift; Ocean circulation; Ozone; Air masses; Ozone variations; Ozone measurements; Marine atmospheric boundary layer; Oxidation; Correlations; Atmospheric boundary layer; Variability; Sea Ice; Boundary Layers; Air Masses; Arctic; Ozonation; Model Studies; PN, Arctic Ocean; AN, North Atlantic; PN, Arctic Basin; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Variability in fish size/otolith radius relationships among populations of Chinook salmon AN - 968179808; 16467708 AB - Back-calculation of growth trajectories from otolith microstructure is a valuable tool for understanding mechanisms underlying variability in growth among fish populations. We analyzed fish length/otolith radius relationships for Snake River spring/summer Chinook and Snake River fall Chinook salmon, listed as separate "Evolutionarily Significant Units" (ESUs) under the US Endangered Species Act, to determine whether these ESUs shared relationships. In addition, we analyzed otoliths from seven separate populations within the Snake River spring/summer Chinook ESU to assess the variability in relationships among populations, which are much more closely related than ESUs. We also examined several potential functional forms for the equations. We found that the separate ESUs had significantly different fish length/otolith radius relationships, but that variability in otolith growth rate could not explain the difference. Relationships among populations within the spring/summer Chinook ESU did not vary nearly as much as those between ESUs. The quadratic model and the power model fit the data equally well, and constraining these models to pass through a biological intercept (estimated fish length and otolith radius at hatching) resulted in only a slight decrease in model fit. To test the ability of the models to back-calculate fish lengths, we predicted the length at tagging for 17 PIT-tagged fall Chinook that were measured at release and at recapture. The back-calculation demonstrated little bias (<1 mm FL, on average) and relatively small standard deviation (3.5 mm) for the best model. When we repeated the back-calculation with data from both ESUs combined, bias increased substantially (to 15 mm FL), demonstrating the importance of determining the proper taxonomic level at which to combine data within a species. JF - Environmental Biology of Fishes AU - Zabel, Richard W AU - Haught, Kerri AU - Chittaro, Paul M AD - Northwest Fisheries Science Center, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA, 98112, USA, rich.zabel@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - Nov 2010 SP - 267 EP - 278 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 89 IS - 3-4 SN - 0378-1909, 0378-1909 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Anadromous species KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Models KW - Body size KW - taxonomy KW - Tagging KW - Hatching KW - Rivers KW - Growth rate KW - USA, Snake R. KW - Data processing KW - Mathematical models KW - hatching KW - Standard deviation KW - Otoliths KW - otoliths KW - summer KW - salmon KW - Endangered species KW - Fish KW - Evolution KW - Endangered Species KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08121:Law, policy, economics and social sciences KW - ENA 21:Wildlife UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/968179808?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Biology+of+Fishes&rft.atitle=Variability+in+fish+size%2Fotolith+radius+relationships+among+populations+of+Chinook+salmon&rft.au=Zabel%2C+Richard+W%3BHaught%2C+Kerri%3BChittaro%2C+Paul+M&rft.aulast=Zabel&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Biology+of+Fishes&rft.issn=03781909&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10641-010-9678-x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Mathematical models; Otoliths; Anadromous species; Body size; Tagging; Freshwater fish; Evolution; Endangered Species; Rivers; Standard deviation; Data processing; Endangered species; Hatching; Models; otoliths; hatching; salmon; summer; Fish; taxonomy; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; USA, Snake R.; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10641-010-9678-x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of coring and pulverizing juvenile red snapper, Lutjanus campechanus, otoliths on their chemical signatures AN - 968178930; 16467722 AB - Experiments were conducted to test whether coring and pulverizing juvenile red snapper otoliths affected their chemical signatures, which consisted of element:Ca ratios (Ba:Ca, Li:Ca, Mg:Ca, Mn:Ca, and Sr:Ca) and stable isotope delta values ( delta super(13)C and delta super(18)O). Analysis of otolith pairs revealed no significant difference in elemental (Hotelling's paired T super(2), p=0.954) or stable isotope signatures (Hotelling's paired T super(2), p=0.991) between whole right versus whole left otoliths. Pulverizing otoliths did not contaminate elemental signatures (Hotelling's paired T super(2), p=0.726), but elemental signatures were significantly different in otolith cores versus whole otoliths (Hotelling's paired T super(2), p=0.015). Specifically, significant differences were detected in Ba:Ca, Mn:Ca, and Li:Ca between whole right versus cored left otoliths (paired t-test, p less than or equal to 0.012 for each), which resulted from systematic differences of slightly higher Ba:Ca and Mn:Ca in cored versus whole otoliths, while the opposite was true for Li:Ca. Stable isotope signatures also were significantly different between pulverized whole right versus cored and pulverized left otolith cores (Hotelling's paired T super(2), p=0.007), which was driven by slightly lower delta super(13)C and delta super(18)O values in otolith cores versus whole otoliths (paired t-test, p less than or equal to 0.007 for each). However, no significant differences were found in either elemental or stable isotope signatures between whole right and cored left otoliths when residuals of right versus residuals of left signatures were analyzed (Hotelling's paired T super(2), p greater than or equal to 0.992). Overall, study results indicate extracted otolith cores reflect the chemistry of whole age-0 red snapper otoliths, but residuals should be modeled to account for systematic ontogenetic shifts observed in some constituents. Alternatively, cores of age-0 otoliths, instead of whole otoliths, could be analyzed initially to derive nursery-specific chemical signatures such that material later extracted from adult cores would correspond to the same dimensions as the otolith material originally assayed in age-0 otoliths. JF - Environmental Biology of Fishes AU - Barnett, Beverly K AU - Patterson, William F AD - NOAA Fisheries-SEFSC, Panama City Laboratory, 3500 Delwood Beach Road, Panama City Beach, FL, 32408, USA, Beverly.Barnett@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - Nov 2010 SP - 463 EP - 471 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 89 IS - 3-4 SN - 0378-1909, 0378-1909 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Marine KW - Juveniles KW - Isotopes KW - Coring KW - Carbon isotopes KW - Environmental factors KW - Marine fish KW - Otoliths KW - deltas KW - otoliths KW - Ontogeny KW - Lutjanus campechanus KW - Fish KW - Oxygen isotope ratio KW - Q1 08341:General KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/968178930?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Biology+of+Fishes&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+coring+and+pulverizing+juvenile+red+snapper%2C+Lutjanus+campechanus%2C+otoliths+on+their+chemical+signatures&rft.au=Barnett%2C+Beverly+K%3BPatterson%2C+William+F&rft.aulast=Barnett&rft.aufirst=Beverly&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=463&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Biology+of+Fishes&rft.issn=03781909&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10641-010-9697-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Juveniles; Otoliths; Carbon isotopes; Oxygen isotope ratio; Environmental factors; Isotopes; Coring; Ontogeny; deltas; otoliths; Fish; Lutjanus campechanus; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10641-010-9697-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Central Pacific El Nino and decadal climate change in the North Pacific Ocean AN - 959093613; 2012-033746 JF - Nature Geoscience AU - Di Lorenzo, E AU - Cobb, K M AU - Furtado, J C AU - Schneider, N AU - Anderson, B T AU - Bracco, A AU - Alexander, M A AU - Vimont, D J Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - November 2010 SP - 762 EP - 765 PB - Nature Publishing Group, London VL - 3 IS - 11 SN - 1752-0894, 1752-0894 KW - decadal variations KW - El Nino Southern Oscillation KW - North Pacific KW - Central Pacific KW - marine environment KW - El Nino KW - Pacific Ocean KW - North Pacific Gyre Oscillation KW - anomalies KW - sea-surface temperature KW - climate change KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/959093613?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Geoscience&rft.atitle=Central+Pacific+El+Nino+and+decadal+climate+change+in+the+North+Pacific+Ocean&rft.au=Di+Lorenzo%2C+E%3BCobb%2C+K+M%3BFurtado%2C+J+C%3BSchneider%2C+N%3BAnderson%2C+B+T%3BBracco%2C+A%3BAlexander%2C+M+A%3BVimont%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Di+Lorenzo&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=762&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Geoscience&rft.issn=17520894&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fngeo984 L2 - http://www.nature.com/ngeo/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anomalies; Central Pacific; climate change; decadal variations; El Nino; El Nino Southern Oscillation; marine environment; North Pacific; North Pacific Gyre Oscillation; Pacific Ocean; sea-surface temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo984 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sardine potential habitat and environmental forcing off western Portugal AN - 920805459; 16172737 AB - Zwolinski, J. P., Oliveira, P. B., Quintino, V., and Stratoudakis, Y. 2010. Sardine potential habitat and environmental forcing off western Portugal. - ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 1553-1564.Relationships between sardine (Sardina pilchardus) distribution and the environment off western Portugal were explored using data from seven acoustic surveys (spring and autumn of 2000, 2001, 2005, and spring 2006). Four environmental variables (salinity, temperature, chlorophyll a, and acoustic epipelagic backscatter other than fish) were related to the acoustic presence and density of sardine. Univariate quotient analysis revealed sardine preferences for waters with high chlorophyll a content, low temperature and salinity, and low acoustic epipelagic backscatter. Generalized additive models depicted significant relationships between the environment and sardine presence but not with sardine density. Maps of sardine potential habitat (SPH) built upon the presence/absence models revealed a clear seasonal effect in the across-bathymetry and alongshelf extension of SPH off western Portugal. During autumn, SPH covered a large part of the northern Portuguese continental shelf but was almost absent from the southern region, whereas in spring SPH extended farther south but was reduced to a narrow band of shallow coastal waters in the north. This seasonal pattern agrees with the spatio-temporal variation of primary production and oceanic circulation described for the western Iberian shelf. JF - ICES Journal of Marine Science AU - Zwolinski, Juan P AU - Oliveira, Paulo B AU - Quintino, Victor AU - Stratoudakis, Yorgos AD - 1 INRB/L-IPIMAR, Avenida de Brasilia, 1449-006 Lisboa, Portugal, juan.zwolinski@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - November 2010 SP - 1553 EP - 1564 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 67 IS - 8 SN - 1054-3139, 1054-3139 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - acoustic surveys KW - continental shelf KW - mesoscale circulation KW - pelagic habitat KW - Marine KW - Chlorophylls KW - Chlorophyll KW - Backscatter KW - Acoustics KW - Stock assessment KW - Sardina pilchardus KW - Habitat KW - ANE, Portugal KW - Environmental factors KW - Primary production KW - Marine fish KW - Salinity KW - ANE, Spain, Galicia KW - Fishery surveys KW - Sardinops KW - low temperature KW - Echo surveys KW - Fish KW - Seasonal variations KW - Q2 09203:Propagation of sound KW - Q1 08626:Food technology KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/920805459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ICES+Journal+of+Marine+Science&rft.atitle=Sardine+potential+habitat+and+environmental+forcing+off+western+Portugal&rft.au=Zwolinski%2C+Juan+P%3BOliveira%2C+Paulo+B%3BQuintino%2C+Victor%3BStratoudakis%2C+Yorgos&rft.aulast=Zwolinski&rft.aufirst=Juan&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1553&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ICES+Journal+of+Marine+Science&rft.issn=10543139&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Ficesjms%2Ffsq068 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Chlorophylls; Backscatter; Fishery surveys; Stock assessment; Echo surveys; Habitat; Primary production; Environmental factors; Chlorophyll; Salinity; Acoustics; low temperature; Fish; Seasonal variations; Sardinops; Sardina pilchardus; ANE, Spain, Galicia; ANE, Portugal; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsq068 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Population structure of beaked redfish, Sebastes mentella: evidence of divergence associated with different habitats AN - 920794570; 16172738 AB - Throughout their range, Sebastes spp. are adapted to a diversity of ecological niches, with overlapping spatial distributions of different species that have little or no morphological differences. Divergence of behavioural groups into depth-defined adult habitats has led to reproductive isolation, adaptive radiation, and speciation in the genus Sebastes. Recent genetic research, supported by life-history information, indicates four biological stocks of Sebastes mentella in the Irminger Sea and adjacent waters: a western stock, a deep-pelagic stock, a shallow-pelagic stock, and an Iceland slope stock. Congruent differences in fatty acids and parasites suggest that these genetically distinct populations are adapted to disparate trophic habitats in pelagic waters (shallower and deeper than the deep-scattering layer) and in demersal habitats on the continental slope. Morphology of pelagic forms is also more streamlined than demersal forms. Although genetic differences and evidence for reproductive isolation are clear, these populations appear to share common nursery habitats on the Greenland shelf. We propose a redefinition of practical management units near the Irminger Sea based on geographic proxies for biological stocks and minimizing mixed-stock catches according to the spatial patterns of the recent fishery. JF - ICES Journal of Marine Science AU - Cadrin, Steven X AU - Bernreuther, Matthias AU - Danielsdottir, Anna Kristin AU - Hjorleifsson, Einar AU - Johansen, Torild AU - Kerr, Lisa AU - Kristinsson, Kristjan AU - Mariani, Stefano AU - Nedreaas, Kjell AU - Pampoulie, Christophe AU - Planque, Benjamin AU - Reinert, Jakup AU - Saborido-Rey, Fran AU - Sigurosson, Thorsteinn AU - Stransky, Christoph AD - 1 School for Marine Science and Technology, NOAA/UMass CMER Program, 200 Mill Road, Fairhaven, MA 02719, USA, steven.cadrin@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - November 2010 SP - 1617 EP - 1630 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 67 IS - 8 SN - 1054-3139, 1054-3139 KW - Environment Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - adaptation KW - depth KW - fisheries management KW - habitat KW - molecular genetics KW - multidisciplinary approach KW - North Atlantic KW - stock structure KW - Marine KW - Parasites KW - catches KW - Ecological distribution KW - Niches KW - Nursery grounds KW - ANE, Atlantic, Iceland KW - life history KW - Sebastes mentella KW - Habitat KW - population structure KW - spatial distribution KW - Population genetics KW - ANE, Irminger Sea KW - Fishery management KW - Fatty acids KW - Population structure KW - AN, Greenland KW - Sebastes KW - niches KW - O 5080:Legal/Governmental KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/920794570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ICES+Journal+of+Marine+Science&rft.atitle=Population+structure+of+beaked+redfish%2C+Sebastes+mentella%3A+evidence+of+divergence+associated+with+different+habitats&rft.au=Cadrin%2C+Steven+X%3BBernreuther%2C+Matthias%3BDanielsdottir%2C+Anna+Kristin%3BHjorleifsson%2C+Einar%3BJohansen%2C+Torild%3BKerr%2C+Lisa%3BKristinsson%2C+Kristjan%3BMariani%2C+Stefano%3BNedreaas%2C+Kjell%3BPampoulie%2C+Christophe%3BPlanque%2C+Benjamin%3BReinert%2C+Jakup%3BSaborido-Rey%2C+Fran%3BSigurosson%2C+Thorsteinn%3BStransky%2C+Christoph&rft.aulast=Cadrin&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1617&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ICES+Journal+of+Marine+Science&rft.issn=10543139&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Ficesjms%2Ffsq046 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Parasites; Population genetics; Fishery management; Niches; Ecological distribution; Nursery grounds; Fatty acids; Population structure; Habitat; spatial distribution; population structure; catches; life history; niches; Sebastes mentella; Sebastes; ANE, Irminger Sea; ANE, Atlantic, Iceland; AN, Greenland; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsq046 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Revving the engine of ocean circulation; Antarctic Circumpolar Current development, late Eocene-early Oligocene AN - 913704168; 2012-009031 AB - A critical climate and oceanographic transition occurred during the late middle Eocene to mid-Oligocene ( approximately 38-28 Ma), marked by global cooling and development of continental-scale Antarctic ice sheets. Progressive development of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) and reorganization of global ocean circulation accompanied this climate transition. The ACC "engine" began to develop in the middle Eocene with shallow flow through the Drake Passage, followed by rapid deepening of the Tasman gateway (late Eocene to early Oligocene), and more gradual deepening of the Drake Passage through the remainder of the Oligocene. The ACC is a dominant feature of present-day ocean circulation and climate, influencing the strength of meridional overturning circulation, transition depth from surface to deep ocean, gas exchange rate between atmosphere and deep ocean, and global surface heat distribution. Here, we present high-resolution benthic foraminiferal d (super 18) O and d (super 13) C records with Mg/Ca data from Atlantic Slope Project corehole 5 (ASP-5; approximately 600 m paleodepth, southeast US continental slope) and d (super 18) O and d (super 13) C records from ODP Site 1053 ( approximately 1500-1750 m paleodepth; Blake Nose), with comparisons to published isotopic records (Cramer et al. 2009). We show that strengthening of interbasinal deepwater thermal differentiation during the early Oligocene was accompanied by the development of a significant carbon isotopic (d (super 13) C) offset between mid-depth ( approximately 600 m) and deep (>1000 m) waters in the western North Atlantic. We interpret the d (super 13) C offset to indicate development of low O (sub 2) conditions associated with vertical stratification of nutrients, analogous to the modern low O (sub 2) zone ( approximately 700-1000 m deep) that results from ventilation by Antarctic Intermediate Water. These records show that the engine of modern ocean overturning circulation, the ACC, gradually, but significantly, impacted global ocean circulation even while it was in the early development stage in the late middle Eocene to mid-Oligocene. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Katz, Miriam E AU - Cramer, Benjamin AU - Esmay, Gar AU - Liu, Chengjie AU - Miller, Kenneth AU - Rosenthal, Yair AU - Toggweiller, J R AU - Wade, Bridget S AU - Wright, James D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - November 2010 SP - 541 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 42 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - Drake Passage KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - paleo-oceanography KW - global change KW - paleoclimatology KW - stable isotopes KW - Cenozoic KW - carbon KW - cooling KW - Leg 171B KW - alkaline earth metals KW - ocean circulation KW - Eocene KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - Antarctic Circumpolar Current KW - Paleogene KW - O-18/O-16 KW - ice sheets KW - Mg/Ca KW - nutrients KW - Tertiary KW - lower Oligocene KW - ODP Site 1053 KW - upper Eocene KW - metals KW - Blake Plateau KW - Ocean Drilling Program KW - North Atlantic KW - Blake Nose KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Oligocene KW - 12:Stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/913704168?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Revving+the+engine+of+ocean+circulation%3B+Antarctic+Circumpolar+Current+development%2C+late+Eocene-early+Oligocene&rft.au=Katz%2C+Miriam+E%3BCramer%2C+Benjamin%3BEsmay%2C+Gar%3BLiu%2C+Chengjie%3BMiller%2C+Kenneth%3BRosenthal%2C+Yair%3BToggweiller%2C+J+R%3BWade%2C+Bridget+S%3BWright%2C+James+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Katz&rft.aufirst=Miriam&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=541&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2010 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; Antarctic Circumpolar Current; Atlantic Ocean; Blake Nose; Blake Plateau; C-13/C-12; calcium; carbon; Cenozoic; cooling; Drake Passage; Eocene; global change; ice sheets; isotope ratios; isotopes; Leg 171B; lower Oligocene; magnesium; metals; Mg/Ca; North Atlantic; nutrients; O-18/O-16; ocean circulation; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP Site 1053; Oligocene; oxygen; paleo-oceanography; paleoclimatology; Paleogene; stable isotopes; Tertiary; upper Eocene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Airless solar system bodies; improvements to radiative transfer modeling of reflectance spectra AN - 902083862; 2011-096752 AB - In order to improve modeling of planetary reflectance spectra, we have undertaken a project to make new measurements of the optical constants of iron over the entire wavelength range of interest to planetary reflectance spectrometry. Reflectance spectrometry across the ultraviolet, visible and near-infrared spectrum has long been a powerful tool for remotely obtaining information on the surface composition of airless Solar System bodies. The optical constants (real and imaginary parts of the index of refraction) are required as inputs to theoretical radiative transfer models (such as the model by Hapke and by Shkuratov) that permit extraction of quantitative compositional information from reflectance spectra. Metallic iron is a key component in the lunar regolith because it can be present in both coarse-grained and nanophase forms; this is also likely to be the case on asteroids and there is evidence that nanophase iron is present in Mercury's regolith. Nanophase iron, produced by reduction of ferrous iron during space weathering, has a strong effect on the optical properties of the regolith. The optical constants we determine, using modern variable-angle spectroscopic ellipsometers, will be used in conjunction with an improved treatment of the effects of metal in our Hapke theoretical model. In addition, we are seeking to develop better handling of lunar agglutinates, which are complex aggregates of mineral, glass and lithic fragments bonded together by impact melt glass. Together, these improvements will allow more accurate compositional and resource mapping with new datasets collected by spacecraft instruments such as the Chandrayaan-1 Moon Mineralogy Mapper, Kaguya Spectral Profiler, MESSENGER Mercury Atmosphere and Surface Composition Spectrometer, and to be returned by the Dawn Visible and InfraRed mapping spectrometer. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Blewett, David T AU - Nguyen, Nhan V AU - Lawrence, Samuel J AU - Denevi, Brett W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - November 2010 SP - 507 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 42 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - Moon KW - radiative transfer models KW - weathering KW - iron KW - terrestrial planets KW - models KW - planets KW - space weathering KW - optical properties KW - metals KW - Mercury Planet KW - reflectance KW - regolith KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/902083862?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Airless+solar+system+bodies%3B+improvements+to+radiative+transfer+modeling+of+reflectance+spectra&rft.au=Blewett%2C+David+T%3BNguyen%2C+Nhan+V%3BLawrence%2C+Samuel+J%3BDenevi%2C+Brett+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Blewett&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=507&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2010 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - iron; Mercury Planet; metals; models; Moon; optical properties; planets; radiative transfer models; reflectance; regolith; space weathering; terrestrial planets; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Climate Literacy and Energy Awareness Network (CLEAN); a rigorous peer-review process for building a new collection of high-quality digital teaching materials on climate and energy science AN - 902082814; 2011-096686 AB - To provide students with accurate information about climate and energy science, educators require scientifically and pedagogically robust teaching materials. To address this need, the Climate Literacy & Energy Awareness Network (CLEAN) has assembled a new peer-reviewed digital collection as part of the National Science Digital Library featuring teaching materials centered on climate and energy science for grades 6 through 16. The scope and framework of the collection is defined by the Essential Principles of Climate Science (CCSP 2009) and newly-developed Energy Awareness Principles. The collection will provide authoritative teaching materials on these socially relevant topics and prepare students to become responsible decision-makers. While a peer-review process is desirable for curriculum developer as well as collection builder to ensure quality, its implementation is non-trivial. We have designed a rigorous and transparent peer-review process for the CLEAN collection. Our experiences provide general guidelines that can be used to judge the quality of digital teaching materials across disciplines. Our multi-stage review process ensures that only resources with teaching goals relevant to developing climate literacy and energy awareness are considered. Each relevant resource is reviewed twice to assess the i) scientific accuracy, ii) pedagogic effectiveness, and iii) usability/technical quality. A science review by an expert ensures the scientific quality and accuracy. Resources that pass all review steps are forwarded to a review panel of educators and scientists who make a final decision regarding inclusion of the materials in the CLEAN collection. Results from the first panel review show that about 20% ( approximately 100) of the resources that were initially considered passed final review. Reviewer comments are recorded as teaching tips to enhance existing teaching resources and help educators with the implementation in their curriculum. CLEAN will launch the first collection of digital educational resources about climate science and energy awareness in October 2010. The final CLEAN collection will include > or =500 resources and will also provide the alignment with the Benchmarks for Science Literacy and the Excellence in Environmental Education Guidelines for Learning through interactive strandmaps. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Gold, Anne U AU - Ledley, Tamara Shapiro AU - McCaffrey, Mark S AU - Buhr, Susan M AU - Manduca, Cathryn A AU - Niepold, Frank AU - Fox, Sean P AU - Howell, Cynthia AU - Lynds, Susan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - November 2010 SP - 495 EP - 496 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 42 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - networks KW - preparation KW - public awareness KW - Climate Literacy and Energy Awareness Network KW - decision-making KW - education KW - educational resources KW - curricula KW - accuracy KW - energy KW - collections KW - climate KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/902082814?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Climate+Literacy+and+Energy+Awareness+Network+%28CLEAN%29%3B+a+rigorous+peer-review+process+for+building+a+new+collection+of+high-quality+digital+teaching+materials+on+climate+and+energy+science&rft.au=Gold%2C+Anne+U%3BLedley%2C+Tamara+Shapiro%3BMcCaffrey%2C+Mark+S%3BBuhr%2C+Susan+M%3BManduca%2C+Cathryn+A%3BNiepold%2C+Frank%3BFox%2C+Sean+P%3BHowell%2C+Cynthia%3BLynds%2C+Susan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Gold&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=495&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2010 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; climate; Climate Literacy and Energy Awareness Network; collections; curricula; decision-making; education; educational resources; energy; networks; preparation; public awareness ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of Oyster Reef Restoration on Primary Productivity and Nutrient Dynamics in Tidal Creeks of the North Central Gulf of Mexico AN - 899162596; 15510287 AB - The ability of oysters to remove large quantities of particulates from the water column, thereby potentially improving water quality, has been cited as one of the reasons for oyster reef restoration. However, this ability has not yet been effectively demonstrated in the field. As part of the Alabama Oyster Reef Restoration Project, this study was designed to assess impacts of restored eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) reefs on primary production, nutrient dynamics, and water quality in shallow tidal creeks. Using a Before-After-Control-Impact (BACI) design, we monitored tidal creeks around Dauphin Island, AL, for changes induced by the introduction of oyster reefs. Reef placement resulted in increased ammonium (NH sub(4) super(+) ) in two of the three experimental creeks. Interestingly, oyster reefs did not seem to reduce water column particulates or have an impact on phytoplankton or microphytobenthic biomass or productivity. We do not believe that our data discount the importance and/or usefulness of oysters in modifying the water column. Rather, we acknowledge that it is difficult to detect these impacts/environmental services in this type of system (i.e., a tidal creek system), because they seem to be very localized and short-lived (i.e., not ecologically relevant on a creek-wide scale). This study highlights the need to consider location and habitat in planning oyster restoration projects. Also, it demonstrates that the types, magnitudes, and spatial extent of changes in ecosystem services that should be expected after reef restoration might need to be re-evaluated. JF - Estuaries and Coasts AU - Plutchak, Rochelle AU - Major, Kelly AU - Cebrian, Just AU - Foster, CDrew AU - Miller, Mary-Elizabeth C AU - Anton, Andrea AU - Sheehan, Kate L AU - Heck, Kenneth L AU - Powers, Sean P AD - Dauphin Island Sea Lab, 101 Bienville Blvd, Dauphin Island, AL, 36528, USA, Rochelle.Plutchak@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - Nov 2010 SP - 1355 EP - 1364 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 1559-2723, 1559-2723 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - water quality KW - Reefs KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Phytoplankton KW - Particulates KW - Nutrient dynamics KW - Water quality KW - Primary production KW - Water column KW - oysters KW - Islands KW - Coasts KW - Ammonium compounds KW - nutrient dynamics KW - Marine KW - Ammonium KW - ASW, USA, Alabama, Dauphin I. KW - Data processing KW - Oyster reefs KW - Estuaries KW - Biomass KW - Habitat KW - Creek KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - Habitat improvement KW - water column KW - Marine molluscs KW - Crassostrea virginica KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - M2 551.466:Ocean Waves and Tides (551.466) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/899162596?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries+and+Coasts&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+Oyster+Reef+Restoration+on+Primary+Productivity+and+Nutrient+Dynamics+in+Tidal+Creeks+of+the+North+Central+Gulf+of+Mexico&rft.au=Plutchak%2C+Rochelle%3BMajor%2C+Kelly%3BCebrian%2C+Just%3BFoster%2C+CDrew%3BMiller%2C+Mary-Elizabeth+C%3BAnton%2C+Andrea%3BSheehan%2C+Kate+L%3BHeck%2C+Kenneth+L%3BPowers%2C+Sean+P&rft.aulast=Plutchak&rft.aufirst=Rochelle&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1355&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries+and+Coasts&rft.issn=15592723&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12237-010-9327-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution monitoring; Oyster reefs; Habitat improvement; Marine molluscs; Nutrients (mineral); Water quality; Creek; Primary production; Ammonium compounds; Reefs; Ammonium; Data processing; Estuaries; Phytoplankton; Nutrient dynamics; Habitat; Biomass; Water column; Islands; Coasts; nutrient dynamics; water quality; oysters; water column; Particulates; Crassostrea virginica; ASW, Mexico Gulf; ASW, USA, Alabama, Dauphin I.; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12237-010-9327-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated multibeam and lidar bathymetry data from northeastern Long Island Sound AN - 898160417; 2011-086875 AB - Nearshore areas within Long Island Sound are of great interest to the research and resource management communities of Connecticut and New York because of their ecological, recreational, and commercial importance. Although advances in multibeam echosounder technology permit the construction of high-resolution representations of sea-floor topography in deeper waters, limitations inherent in collecting fixed-angle multibeam data make using this technology in shallower waters (less than 10 meters deep) difficult and expensive. These limitations have often resulted in data gaps between areas for which multibeam bathymetric datasets are available and the adjacent shoreline. To address this problem, we integrated complete-coverage multibeam bathymetric data acquired off New London and Niantic, Connecticut, with hydrographic Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) data acquired along the nearshore. The resultant datasets are provided as 4-m resolution bathymetric grids in UTM Zone 18 NAD83 and geographic WGS84 projections and are adjusted to mean lower low water. Together these merged data reveal a larger, more continuous perspective of sea-floor topography with a much smaller gap between the digital bathymetric data and the shoreline than previously available. Surveyed depths within the study area range from sea level at mean lower low water to more than 65 m. Exposed bedrock outcrops, boulder lag deposits of the Fishers Island and Clumps moraines, sand-wave fields, and scour depressions reflect the strength of the oscillating tidal currents. Bedform asymmetry allows interpretations of net sediment transport. Anthropogenic artifacts visible in the bathymetric data include a dredged channel, shipwrecks, dredge spoils, mooring anchors, prop-scour depressions, buried cables, and bridge footings. To facilitate access, compatibility, and utility, these datasets are provided online in ESRI raster-grid and GeoTIFF formats at: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1231/ JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Poppe, L J AU - Danforth, W W AU - McMullen, K Y AU - Parker, C E AU - Lewit, P G AU - Doran, E F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - November 2010 SP - 282 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 42 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - sand waves KW - resources KW - laser methods KW - erosion KW - artifacts KW - bedding plane irregularities KW - transport KW - Long Island Sound KW - moraines KW - multibeam methods KW - ecology KW - ocean floors KW - sedimentary structures KW - Fishers Island KW - scour KW - high-resolution methods KW - shore features KW - sediment transport KW - human activity KW - echo sounding KW - radar methods KW - nearshore environment KW - Connecticut KW - bedforms KW - tidal currents KW - dredged materials KW - New London KW - New York KW - spoils KW - lidar methods KW - New London County Connecticut KW - bathymetry KW - North Atlantic KW - Niantic Connecticut KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - remote sensing KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/898160417?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Integrated+multibeam+and+lidar+bathymetry+data+from+northeastern+Long+Island+Sound&rft.au=Poppe%2C+L+J%3BDanforth%2C+W+W%3BMcMullen%2C+K+Y%3BParker%2C+C+E%3BLewit%2C+P+G%3BDoran%2C+E+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Poppe&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=282&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2010 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - artifacts; Atlantic Ocean; bathymetry; bedding plane irregularities; bedforms; Connecticut; dredged materials; echo sounding; ecology; erosion; Fishers Island; high-resolution methods; human activity; laser methods; lidar methods; Long Island Sound; moraines; multibeam methods; nearshore environment; New London; New London County Connecticut; New York; Niantic Connecticut; North Atlantic; ocean floors; radar methods; remote sensing; resources; sand waves; scour; sediment transport; sedimentary structures; shore features; spoils; tidal currents; transport; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Teaching with Great Lakes data AN - 885340828; 588896-71 AB - It is important for students to use real data when investigating a question or problem. Students have great difficulty with designing and conducting a research project and many feel that using data that is supplied to them is not “doing” science. A number of organizations are now making their scientific data available for use by the educational community. However, many educators and students have found geoscience data difficult to find and use. Ledley et al. (2008) suggests that organizations use educationally relevant review criteria for their data sites. As part of a National Oceanic and Atmosphere Administration (NOAA) research project, a website was developed by Michigan Sea Grant using the Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory’s (GLERL) scientific data about the Great Lakes. This website is called Teaching with Great Lakes Data http://www.greatlakeslessons.com/. One of the methods to engage students in using data is the Vee Map. The Vee Map is a method by which any teacher can implement guided inquiry in their classroom. Inquiry requires students to use process skills such as analysis, synthesis, and evaluation. It was originally designed to work with classic laboratories. However, Coffman and Riggs (2006) used the idea so that students could gather online scientific data to answer a research question. This is known as the “Virtual Vee Map” because the scientific data collected is online or virtual. The pre-service Earth Science elementary teachers designed a research question for use with the Virtual Vee Map’s guided inquiry approach and Great Lakes Data sets. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Marshall, Ann AU - LaPorte, Elizabeth AU - Rutherford, Sandra AU - Sturtevant, Rochelle AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - November 2010 SP - 123 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 42 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - North America KW - K-12 education KW - elementary school KW - Great Lakes KW - education KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/885340828?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Teaching+with+Great+Lakes+data&rft.au=Marshall%2C+Ann%3BLaPorte%2C+Elizabeth%3BRutherford%2C+Sandra%3BSturtevant%2C+Rochelle%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Marshall&rft.aufirst=Ann&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2010 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-20 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - education; elementary school; Great Lakes; K-12 education; North America ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating carrying capacity at the green turtle nesting beach of East Island, French Frigate Shoals AN - 885052278; 14409284 AB - Many sea turtle populations are at a fraction of their historical abundance, and understanding ecological processes, under current and climate change scenarios, is critical for establishing recovery goals. In the Hawaiian Islands, the nesting population of the green turtle Chelonia mydas on East Island, French Frigate Shoals, has been recovering at a rate of 5.7% per year. Climate change models, however, predict a loss in nesting habitat on East Island of up to 30% due to sea level rise by 2100. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine the carrying capacity of East Island for hatchlings and nesting females under current conditions and predictions of sea level rise. In the simulation model, density-dependent nest destruction was the primary factor regulating population size. Carrying capacity was reached between 1.9 and 2.1 million hatchlings at current conditions; carrying capacity was approached when 80000 to 120000 nests were laid on the beach, representing 20000 to 30000 nesting females. With a rise in sea level, carrying capacity was reached when 60000 to 100000 nests were laid on the beach. The current mean estimate of 390 nesting females per year, over the past 10 yr, at East Island represents 1.3 to 2% of the females that would nest at carrying capacity. The beach at East Island is well below carrying capacity and is capable of supporting a larger nesting population. However, the availability of suitable coastal habitats may play a bigger role in regulating the Hawaiian green turtle population than available nesting habitat. JF - Marine Ecology Progress Series AU - Tiwari, Manjula AU - Balazs, George H AU - Hargrove, Stacy AD - Marine Turtle Ecology and Assessment Program, Protected Resources Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA-National Marine Fisheries Service, la Jolla, California 92037, USA, manjula.tiwari@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - November 2010 SP - 289 EP - 294 PB - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany VL - 419 SN - 0171-8630, 0171-8630 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Carrying capacity KW - Green turtles KW - Chelonia mydas KW - Nesting KW - Climate change KW - French Frigate Shoals KW - Hawaii KW - Sea level KW - Climatic changes KW - Abundance KW - Aquatic reptiles KW - nests KW - Nests KW - Models KW - Islands KW - Reproductive behaviour KW - Marine KW - Juveniles KW - Beaches KW - Simulation KW - turtles KW - Habitat KW - carrying capacity KW - ISE, USA, Hawaii, French Frigate Shoals KW - Currents KW - Shoals KW - Sea level changes KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/885052278?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.atitle=Estimating+carrying+capacity+at+the+green+turtle+nesting+beach+of+East+Island%2C+French+Frigate+Shoals&rft.au=Tiwari%2C+Manjula%3BBalazs%2C+George+H%3BHargrove%2C+Stacy&rft.aulast=Tiwari&rft.aufirst=Manjula&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=419&rft.issue=&rft.spage=289&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.issn=01718630&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fmeps08833 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Juveniles; Shoals; Nesting; Climate change; Aquatic reptiles; Carrying capacity; Simulation; Reproductive behaviour; Sea level changes; Beaches; Islands; Abundance; Climatic changes; Habitat; Nests; Models; Currents; Sea level; turtles; nests; carrying capacity; Chelonia mydas; ISE, USA, Hawaii, French Frigate Shoals; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps08833 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strategies for long-term preservation; data salvage and collaboration AN - 868008020; 2011-043810 AB - The National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) is leveraging resources from multiple projects and partnerships to rescue and digitize historic analog marine geophysical and geological data, while collaborating with partners around the world to plan for long-term preservation of current and future data streams. A key resource for digitizing historic analog data is the Climate Database Modernization Program (CDMP) operated by NGDC's parent organization, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). To date, CDMP has enabled digitization of over 450 gigabytes from NGDC's analog data holdings and more than 720 gigabytes of data from partner institutions. Another 1.6 gigabytes of data have been digitized in support of the interagency effort, lead by the U.S. Department of State to establish the outer limits of the U.S. Extended Continental Shelf (ECS). In addition to data salvage efforts, NGDC is reaching out to partner institutions, agencies, and projects to ensure long-term preservation of marine geological and geophysical data from new programs. NGDC is working closely with the Rolling-Deck-to-Repository (R2R) program to safeguard raw data streams as they come off ships, before they are parsed or processed, and is helping to plan a parallel, NOAA "R2R" program to accomplish similar goals for agency-collected data. Collaborative tools for future data preservation include design of common data protocols, metadata templates and vocabularies and implementation of data submission agreements. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Fischman, David Elon AU - Moore, Carla J AU - Warnken, Robin R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - November 2010 SP - 164 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 42 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - National Geophysical Data Center KW - NOAA KW - marine geology KW - government agencies KW - data processing KW - data storage KW - information management KW - preservation KW - digitization KW - data management KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/868008020?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Strategies+for+long-term+preservation%3B+data+salvage+and+collaboration&rft.au=Fischman%2C+David+Elon%3BMoore%2C+Carla+J%3BWarnken%2C+Robin+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fischman&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=164&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2010 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - data management; data processing; data storage; digitization; government agencies; information management; marine geology; National Geophysical Data Center; NOAA; preservation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preservation and access of tsunami data at NOAA's National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) AN - 868007745; 2011-043819 AB - NOAA has primary responsibility for providing tsunami warnings to the Nation, and a leadership role in tsunami observations and research. The NESDIS/National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) provides the long-term archive, data management, and access to national and global tsunami data for research and mitigation of tsunami hazards. Archive responsibilities include global historic tsunami event and runup data, deep-ocean and coastal water level data, event-specific tide-gauge data from historic marigrams, photos showing effects and damage from tsunamis, tsunami publications, as well as other related hazards data and information. Much of these data are contained in historic documents and photographs. Through the NOAA Climate Data Modernization Program (CDMP), NGDC has rescued over 10,000 digital photographs dating from the 19 (super th) century, over 3,000 historic tide gauge records from 1850-1980, and over 5,000 publications dating from the 15 (super th) century. Much of these tsunami data are currently accessible over the web as tables, reports, images, and interactive maps. NGDC has an effective and widely known distribution system through which data are provided to users in a wide range of disciplines. Scientists, emergency managers, and planners use long-term data from these events, including photographs, to establish the past record of tsunami event occurrences. The data are also important for planning, response, and mitigation of future events and are in danger of being lost if they are not converted to a digital format. If researchers have access to all of the information concerning a past tsunami event it could ultimately lead to lives being saved and property damage avoided. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Stroker, Kelly J AU - McCullough, Heather AU - Dunbar, Paula AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - November 2010 SP - 166 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 42 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - tsunamis KW - geologic hazards KW - government agencies KW - information management KW - photography KW - data management KW - tides KW - history KW - mitigation KW - planning KW - National Geophysical Data Center KW - NOAA KW - natural hazards KW - preservation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/868007745?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Preservation+and+access+of+tsunami+data+at+NOAA%27s+National+Geophysical+Data+Center+%28NGDC%29&rft.au=Stroker%2C+Kelly+J%3BMcCullough%2C+Heather%3BDunbar%2C+Paula%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Stroker&rft.aufirst=Kelly&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=166&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2010 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - data management; geologic hazards; government agencies; history; information management; mitigation; National Geophysical Data Center; natural hazards; NOAA; photography; planning; preservation; tides; tsunamis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contrasting life-cycle impacts of stream flow on two Chinook salmon populations AN - 860397014; 14393731 AB - Stream flow affects many aspects of freshwater fish biology, but the extent to which variation in stream flow influences productivity of anadromous salmonid populations across their entire life cycle is not well known. We compared relationships of stream flow and productivity for Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) from two systems in the Salmon River basin in Idaho: the Lemhi River, a watershed subjected to intensive water use for irrigation, and Marsh Creek, a drainage with a natural hydrograph. We estimated rates of productivity based on monitoring at four life stages: the number of eggs initiating each cohort, juveniles migrating from the natal tributary past an outmigrant trap, smolts surviving to the Snake River, and adults returning to spawn. Using model selection techniques, we examined whether river flow experienced during these life stages explained variation above and beyond predictors of climate associated with each stage. In the Lemhi River, tributary stream flow during early residence exhibited strong correlations with egg-trap, egg-smolt, and egg-adult return rates, and was consistently a better predictor of productivity than stream flow occurring during late summer. Model selection indicated that early rearing flow was the single best predictor of both egg-trap and trap-smolt transition rates in the Lemhi River, and path analysis revealed a strong set of pathways linking rearing flow to adult return rate primarily through egg-trap productivity. These patterns were much less strongly exhibited or nonexistent in Marsh Creek. However, for both populations, migration flow in the Columbia River was the best predictor of smolt-adult return rates. Potentially confounding climatic variables exhibited relatively weak effects upon both early life histories and tributary flow, but were included in the best models of migration flows and smolt-adult return rate. These results suggest that effects of stream flow on juvenile salmonids in flow-altered systems can have substantial impacts on returning adults. JF - Hydrobiologia AU - Arthaud, David L AU - Greene, Correigh M AU - Guilbault, Kimberly AU - Morrow, James V AD - National Marine Fisheries Service, 10095W Emerald Street, Room: 180, Boise, ID, 83704, USA, Jim.morrow@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - Nov 2010 SP - 171 EP - 188 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 655 IS - 1 SN - 0018-8158, 0018-8158 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Anadromous species KW - USA, Columbia R. KW - USA, Idaho, Lemhi R. KW - Life cycle KW - Freshwater KW - Watersheds KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Migration KW - Streams KW - Eggs KW - Models KW - River Flow KW - Tributaries KW - Fish culture KW - Salmon KW - Rivers KW - USA, Snake R. KW - Freshwater environments KW - Drainage KW - Climate KW - Irrigation KW - River discharge KW - Developmental stages KW - River basins KW - Marshes KW - Creek KW - Model Studies KW - Stream flow KW - Water use KW - Life history KW - Migrations KW - Stream Discharge KW - Productivity KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - Q1 08421:Migrations and rhythms KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/860397014?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrobiologia&rft.atitle=Contrasting+life-cycle+impacts+of+stream+flow+on+two+Chinook+salmon+populations&rft.au=Arthaud%2C+David+L%3BGreene%2C+Correigh+M%3BGuilbault%2C+Kimberly%3BMorrow%2C+James+V&rft.aulast=Arthaud&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=655&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrobiologia&rft.issn=00188158&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10750-010-0419-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anadromous species; Irrigation; Migrations; River discharge; Marshes; Creek; Tributaries; Fish culture; Stream flow; Rivers; Freshwater environments; Drainage; Climate; Developmental stages; Life cycle; River basins; Watersheds; Streams; Migration; Eggs; Models; Water use; Life history; Salmon; River Flow; Stream Discharge; Productivity; Model Studies; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; USA, Snake R.; USA, Idaho, Lemhi R.; USA, Columbia R.; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-010-0419-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the Summertime Low-Level Winds Simulated by MM5 in the Central Valley of California AN - 856786354; 14308928 AB - A season-long set of 5-day simulations between 1200 UTC 1 June and 1200 UTC 30 September 2000 are evaluated using the observations taken during the Central California Ozone Study (CCOS) 2000 experiment. The simulations are carried out using the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University-NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5), which is widely used for air-quality simulations and control planning. The evaluation results strongly indicate that the model-simulated low-level winds in California's Central Valley are biased in speed and direction: the simulated winds tend to have a stronger northwesterly component than observed. This bias is related to the difference in the observed and simulated large-scale, upper-level flows. The model simulations also show a bias in the height of the daytime atmospheric boundary layer (ABL), particularly in the northern and southern Central Valley. There is evidence to suggest that this bias in the daytime ABL height is not only associated with the large-scale, upper-level bias but also linked to apparent differences in the surface forcing. JF - Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology AU - Michelson, Sara A AU - Djalalova, Irina V AU - Bao, Jian-Wen AD - Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Boulder, and NOAA/Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO 80305, USA, sara.a.michelson@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - Nov 2010 SP - 2230 EP - 2245 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 49 IS - 11 SN - 1558-8424, 1558-8424 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts KW - Boundary Layers KW - Air quality KW - Evaluation KW - Planning KW - Regional planning KW - Meteorology KW - Mesoscale model MM5 KW - Climatology KW - USA, California KW - Atmospheric boundary layer KW - Wind KW - Ozone KW - Climate KW - Simulation KW - Model Studies KW - Numerical simulations KW - Boundary layers KW - USA, California, Central Valley KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - SW 0540:Properties of water KW - M2 551.555:Specific Locations (551.555) KW - Q2 09124:Coastal zone management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/856786354?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology+and+Climatology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+Summertime+Low-Level+Winds+Simulated+by+MM5+in+the+Central+Valley+of+California&rft.au=Michelson%2C+Sara+A%3BDjalalova%2C+Irina+V%3BBao%2C+Jian-Wen&rft.aulast=Michelson&rft.aufirst=Sara&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2230&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology+and+Climatology&rft.issn=15588424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JAMC2295.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Regional planning; Climatology; Atmospheric boundary layer; Ozone; Numerical simulations; Mesoscale model MM5; Boundary layers; Climate; Simulation; Meteorology; Air quality; Evaluation; Planning; Boundary Layers; Wind; Model Studies; USA, California; USA, California, Central Valley DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JAMC2295.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Killer whale predation on penguins in Antarctica AN - 856772193; 14241989 AB - We report here the first published observations of killer whales (Orcinus orca) feeding on penguins in Antarctica. The sightings took place in the Gerlache Strait off the western Antarctic Peninsula during February 2010. Two species of pygoscelid penguins were taken--gentoo (Pygoscelis papua, at least four individuals) and chinstrap (P. antarctica, 2). From remains left at the surface, it was clear that the killer whales fed mainly on the breast muscles, although some penguins may have been swallowed whole. The killer whales were ecotype B, which are purported seal specialists, but we also saw ecotype A, prey specialists on Antarctic minke whales Balaenoptera bonaerensis, chase, but not catch penguins. Because of their small relative size, if penguins are regularly targeted by killer whales in Antarctica, the impact on their populations could be significant. JF - Polar Biology AU - Pitman, Robert L AU - Durban, John W AD - Protected Resources Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 8604 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA, robert.pitman@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - Nov 2010 SP - 1589 EP - 1594 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 33 IS - 11 SN - 0722-4060, 0722-4060 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Biological surveys KW - Marine KW - Feeding KW - Food organisms KW - Marine birds KW - Predation KW - PSW, Antarctica, Antarctic Peninsula KW - Muscles KW - Pygoscelis papua KW - PSW, Antarctica, Antarctic Peninsula, Gerlache Strait KW - Orcinus orca KW - Mammalian physiology KW - Interspecific relationships KW - Ecotypes KW - Marine mammals KW - Body size KW - Balaenoptera bonaerensis KW - Prey KW - Q1 08483:Species interactions: general KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/856772193?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Polar+Biology&rft.atitle=Killer+whale+predation+on+penguins+in+Antarctica&rft.au=Pitman%2C+Robert+L%3BDurban%2C+John+W&rft.aulast=Pitman&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1589&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Polar+Biology&rft.issn=07224060&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00300-010-0853-5 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological surveys; Food organisms; Marine birds; Mammalian physiology; Interspecific relationships; Ecotypes; Marine mammals; Predation; Body size; Feeding; Muscles; Prey; Orcinus orca; Balaenoptera bonaerensis; Pygoscelis papua; PSW, Antarctica, Antarctic Peninsula, Gerlache Strait; PSW, Antarctica, Antarctic Peninsula; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00300-010-0853-5 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Re-assessment of the stock-recruit and temperature-recruit relationships for Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax) AN - 853486887; 14144584 AB - The harvest guideline for Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax) incorporates an environmental parameter based on averaged surface temperatures at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography pier (SIO pier) in La Jolla, California, USA, which would be invoked after a series of cool years to reduce commercial catches using a precautionary decision rule. We revisit the stock-recruit and temperature-recruit relationships underpinning the currently used environmental parameter for sardine assessment and found that the temperature-recruit relationship no longer holds for the SIO pier when time series are updated with data from more recent years. The significance of the correlation between temperature and recruitment was also artificially increased by autocorrelation in the time series. In contrast, the stock-recruit relationship was still valid when recent data were added. SIO pier surface temperatures are warmer than 10 m-depth Southern California Bight (SCB) temperatures where the sardine spawn, and the difference has increased since the late 1970s. Sardine recruitment was also not related to offshore temperatures in the SCB. We demonstrate that the environmental proxy derived from SIO pier temperature, which has never affected the harvest guideline since its implementation, no longer predicts recruitment of Pacific sardine, and should be removed from sardine management.Original Abstract: Les directives pour la recolte des sardines du Pacifique (Sardinops sagax) incorporent une variable environnementale basee sur la moyenne des temperatures en surface au quai de la Scripps Insitution of Oceanography (SIO) a La Jolla, Californie, E.-U., qui pourrait etre invoquee apres une serie d'annees fraiches afin de reduire les recoltes commerciales en utilisant une regle decisionnelle preventive. Nous reexaminons les relations stock-recrues et temperature-recrues qui sous-tendent la variable environnementale couramment utilisee pour l'evaluation des sardines et trouvons que la relation temperature-recrues n'est plus valable pour le quai de la SIO quand les series chronologiques sont mises a jour avec les donnees des annees recentes. La signification de la correlation entre la temperature et le recrutement est aussi artificiellement haussee par l'autocorrelation dans la serie chronologique. En revanche, la relation stock-recrues reste valide apres l'addition des donnees recentes. Les temperatures de surface au quai de la SIO sont superieures aux temperatures a la profondeur de 10 m dans le golfe du Sud de la Californie (SCB) ou les sardines se reproduisent et la difference a augmente depuis la fin des annees 1970. Le recrutement des sardines n'est pas non plus relie aux temperatures du large dans la SCB. Nous demontrons que la variable environnementale de remplacement derivee de la temperature au quai de la SIO ne permet plus de predire le recrutement des sardines du Pacifique et devrait etre exclue de la gestion des sardines. JF - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences AU - McClatchie, Sam AU - Goericke, Ralf AU - Auad, Guillermo AU - Hill, Kevin AD - Southwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries Service, 8604 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037-1508, USA., Sam.McClatchie@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - Nov 2010 SP - 1782 EP - 1790 PB - NRC Research Press, 1200 Montreal Rd, Bldg M-55, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada, Tel.: 613-993-9084, 613-990-7873 or 1-800-668-1222 (Canada and U.S.), Fax: 613-952-7656 Ottawa ON K1A 0R6 Canada, [mailto:pubs@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca] VL - 67 IS - 11 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Marine fisheries KW - Marine KW - catches KW - Data processing KW - time series analysis KW - Clupeoid fisheries KW - Recruitment KW - Stock assessment KW - Temperature KW - INE, USA, California, Southern California Bight KW - Oceanography KW - Environmental factors KW - Sardinops sagax KW - Commercial fishing KW - piers KW - Fishery management KW - INE, USA, California, La Jolla KW - guidelines KW - I, Pacific KW - recruitment KW - O 5080:Legal/Governmental KW - Q4 27750:Environmental KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853486887?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences&rft.atitle=Re-assessment+of+the+stock-recruit+and+temperature-recruit+relationships+for+Pacific+sardine+%28Sardinops+sagax%29&rft.au=McClatchie%2C+Sam%3BGoericke%2C+Ralf%3BAuad%2C+Guillermo%3BHill%2C+Kevin&rft.aulast=McClatchie&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1782&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences&rft.issn=1205-7533&rft_id=info:doi/10.1139%2FF10-101 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fisheries; Commercial fishing; Fishery management; Clupeoid fisheries; Stock assessment; Recruitment; Environmental factors; Temperature effects; Data processing; Oceanography; catches; piers; guidelines; time series analysis; Temperature; recruitment; Sardinops sagax; INE, USA, California, La Jolla; I, Pacific; INE, USA, California, Southern California Bight; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/F10-101 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Couple's activism in Lebanon: the legacy of Laure Moghaizel AN - 851744735; 4164011 AB - For over half a century Laure Moghaizel struggled alongside her husband, Joseph, to include equal rights for women in Lebanese law and to advocate for women's participation in politics. Considering violations of women's rights to be integral to the broader plight of human rights violations in Lebanon, they successfully brought pressure on the Lebanese government to sign and ratify the United Nations Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women in 1996. Their example helps us to envision one answer to the general questions with which this article is concerned: how can women exercise their agency while still being embedded in the family structure rather than operating independently of its influence? Can social capital gained from family membership be used to foster women's agency? How can a husband work side by side with his wife to advance women's rights? What can we learn, from the point of view of feminist practice, from a couple who retained the trappings of a traditional marriage and yet devoted themselves to the struggle for women's equality? Remaining in dialogue with liberal and radical feminist literature and the literature on women's activism, while recognizing the salience of cultural differences, this article aspires to answer those questions. Using the writings of Laure Moghaizel, interview data from her close associates, and relevant secondary data, I examine multiple aspects of Laure' activism: the social structures that influenced her activism; her contributions to women's rights; her partnership with her husband; and their approach to framing couples' activism for women's human rights. Based on Laure's own success and her lasting influence in Lebanon and throughout the region, I argue that, contrary to the critique of the nuclear family as an institution of patriarchal oppression, the institutions of marriage and family in Middle Eastern cultures can contribute to the success of feminism. All rights reserved, Elsevier JF - Women's studies international forum AU - Stephan, Rita AD - United States Census Bureau Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - Nov 2010 SP - 533 EP - 541 VL - 33 IS - 6 SN - 0277-5395, 0277-5395 KW - Sociology KW - Moghaizel, Laure KW - Women's rights KW - Lebanon KW - Family KW - Feminism KW - Activism KW - Married persons UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/851744735?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Women%27s+studies+international+forum&rft.atitle=Couple%27s+activism+in+Lebanon%3A+the+legacy+of+Laure+Moghaizel&rft.au=Stephan%2C+Rita&rft.aulast=Stephan&rft.aufirst=Rita&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=533&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Women%27s+studies+international+forum&rft.issn=02775395&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.wsif.2010.09.009 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 551 9749; 13618 11032 9705; 7762 7748 6823; 4748; 4867 6203; 212 254 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2010.09.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Overall Status and Threats Assessment of Black Abalone (Haliotis Cracherodii Leach, 1814) Populations in California AN - 851466540; 14036851 AB - The black abalone (Haliotis cracherodii Leach, 1814) is a relatively large prosobranch gastropod mollusc ranging from approximately Point Arena in northern California to Bahia Tortugas and Isla Guadalupe, Mexico. In the United States, populations of black abalone on offshore islands, especially those of southern California, were particularly large prior to the mid 1980s. Analysis of long-term fishery-dependent and -independent data revealed that fishing pressure in combination with a lethal disease, withering syndrome, has resulted in mass mortalities of 95% or greater in black abalone populations south of Monterey County, CA. Reduction in local densities below the threshold necessary for successful fertilization (0.34/m2) has been a widespread and pervasive consequence of population reductions by withering syndrome and other factors. The most significant current and future threat that the black abalone faces is that imposed by the spread of withering syndrome, known to be enhanced by periods of ocean warming. Other factors, such as illegal take, ocean pollution, and natural predation, also pose risks to remaining populations and those that may be restored via active management in the future. Without identification, development, and implementation of effective measures to counter the population-level effects of withering syndrome, remaining black abalone populations may experience further declines. JF - Journal of Shellfish Research AU - Neuman, Melissa AU - Tissot, Brian AU - Vanblaricom, Glenn Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - Nov 2010 SP - 577 EP - 586 PB - National Shellfisheries Association VL - 29 IS - 3 SN - 0730-8000, 0730-8000 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Allee effect KW - black abalone KW - depensation KW - Haliotis cracherodii KW - endangered species KW - long-term trends in abundance KW - threats assessment KW - withering syndrome KW - Symptoms KW - Resource management KW - Haliotis KW - Predation KW - Population density KW - Catch/effort KW - Fish kill KW - Islands KW - Fishery management KW - Marine KW - Mortality KW - Leaching KW - Gastropoda KW - ISE, Mexico, Baja California Sur, Tortugas Bay KW - Currents KW - INE, USA, California, Point Arena KW - fertilization KW - Marine pollution KW - USA, California, Monterey Cty. KW - Oceans KW - ISE, Mexico KW - Marine molluscs KW - Shellfish KW - Fishing effort KW - fishing KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/851466540?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Shellfish+Research&rft.atitle=Overall+Status+and+Threats+Assessment+of+Black+Abalone+%28Haliotis+Cracherodii+Leach%2C+1814%29+Populations+in+California&rft.au=Neuman%2C+Melissa%3BTissot%2C+Brian%3BVanblaricom%2C+Glenn&rft.aulast=Neuman&rft.aufirst=Melissa&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=577&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Shellfish+Research&rft.issn=07308000&rft_id=info:doi/10.2983%2F035.029.0305 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - Last updated - 2014-11-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fish kill; Symptoms; Resource management; Marine pollution; Fishery management; Population density; Marine molluscs; Fishing effort; Catch/effort; Mortality; Currents; fertilization; Islands; Leaching; Oceans; Predation; Shellfish; fishing; Haliotis; Gastropoda; Haliotis cracherodii; INE, USA, California, Point Arena; USA, California, Monterey Cty.; ISE, Mexico; ISE, Mexico, Baja California Sur, Tortugas Bay; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2983/035.029.0305 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Merged Statistical Analyses of Historical Monthly Precipitation Anomalies Beginning 1900 AN - 851464047; 14029953 AB - A monthly reconstruction of precipitation beginning in 1900 is presented. The reconstruction resolves interannual and longer time scales and spatial scales larger than 5 degree over both land and oceans. Because of different land and ocean data availability, the reconstruction combines two separate historical reconstructions. One analyzes interannual variations directly by fitting gauge-based anomalies to large-scale spatial modes. This direct reconstruction is used for land anomalies and interannual oceanic anomalies. The other analyzes annual and longer variations indirectly from correlations with analyzed sea surface temperature and sea level pressure. This indirect reconstruction is used for oceanic variations with time scales longer than interannual. In addition, a method of estimating reconstruction errors is also presented. Over land the reconstruction is a filtered representation of the gauge data with data gaps filled. Over oceans the reconstruction gives an estimate of the atmospheric response to changing temperature and pressure, combined with interannual variations. The reconstruction makes it possible to evaluate global precipitation variations for periods much longer than the satellite period, which begins in 1979. Evaluations show some large-scale similarities with coupled model precipitation variations over the twentieth century, including an increasing tendency over the century. The reconstructed land and sea trends tend to be out of phase at low latitudes, similar to the out-of-phase relationship for interannual variations. This reconstruction may be used for climate monitoring, for statistical climate studies of the twentieth century, and for helping to evaluate dynamic climate models. In the future the possibility of improving the reconstruction will be explored by further improving the analysis methods and including additional data. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Smith, Thomas M AU - Arkin, Phillip A AU - P Sapiano, Mathew R AU - Chang, Ching-Yee AD - NOAA/NESDIS/STAR/SCSB, and CICS/ESSIC, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, tom.smith@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - November 2010 SP - 5755 EP - 5770 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 23 IS - 21 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Precipitation KW - Sea surface temperature KW - Annual variations KW - Statistical techniques KW - Satellite observations KW - Remote Sensing KW - Climate change KW - Statistical analysis KW - Evaluation KW - Sea surface temperature anomalies KW - Statistical Analysis KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Paleoceanography KW - Sea trends KW - Temperature effects KW - Marine KW - Climate models KW - Climates KW - Temperature KW - Global precipitation KW - Sea level pressure KW - Model Studies KW - Interannual variability KW - Sea level pressures KW - Oceans KW - Latitudinal variations KW - Monitoring KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - O 2010:Physical Oceanography KW - M2 551.581:Latitudinal Influences (551.581) KW - SW 0815:Precipitation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/851464047?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Merged+Statistical+Analyses+of+Historical+Monthly+Precipitation+Anomalies+Beginning+1900&rft.au=Smith%2C+Thomas+M%3BArkin%2C+Phillip+A%3BP+Sapiano%2C+Mathew+R%3BChang%2C+Ching-Yee&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=5755&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JCLI3530.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Latitudinal variations; Climate change; Statistical analysis; Ocean-atmosphere system; Sea level pressure; Sea trends; Sea level pressures; Sea surface temperature anomalies; Interannual variability; Climate models; Global precipitation; Paleoceanography; Precipitation; Remote Sensing; Evaluation; Oceans; Climates; Statistical Analysis; Temperature; Monitoring; Model Studies; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JCLI3530.1 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Exploring the Digital Nation: Home Broadband Internet Adoption in the United States AN - 822507130; ED513443 AB - The Internet has revolutionized the social and economic environment in which people live by providing an alternative or supplemental channel for communication, gathering and disseminating information, entertainment, commerce, and education. Household use of high-speed, or broadband, Internet services has risen dramatically during this decade which demonstrates the key role the Internet plays in the everyday lives of many individuals. Nonetheless, not everyone either uses the Internet or has access to it. This report, prepared jointly by the Commerce Department's Economics and Statistics Administration (ESA) "and" National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA), seeks to explain differences in broadband Internet use among households. This report builds on the findings of the NTIA report published earlier in 2010 in order to more fully explore the differences in broadband Internet use among households with different characteristics. In addition, this report analyzes the main reasons provided by households for non-adoption, characteristics associated with a lag in technology adoption, and long-term growth in home broadband Internet use across population subgroups and geographic locations. The next section describes the data and methodology employed in this study. Section 3 looks at the pattern of household Internet use in 2007 and 2009. Section 4 shows how demographic characteristics and geographic location of households are associated with home broadband Internet adoption. Section 5 analyzes the main reasons provided by households for non-adoption. Section 6 analyzes who lags in technology adoption by comparing users of dial-up Internet services with users of broadband Internet services. Section 7 looks at broadband Internet adoption by people with disabilities. Finally, Section 8 studies long-term changes in home broadband and Internet use by comparing the most recent data from 2009 with that from 2001, and Section 9 provides some concluding marks. An appendix is included. (Contains 37 tables, 12 footnotes, and 9 figures.) [This paper was prepared by the Commerce Department's Economics and Statistics Administration.] Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - November 2010 SP - 68 PB - National Telecommunications and Information Administration. US Department of Commerce, 1401 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20230. KW - United States KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Technological Advancement KW - Geographic Location KW - Influence of Technology KW - Educational Attainment KW - Telecommunications KW - Economic Climate KW - Computer Use KW - Computer Attitudes KW - Disabilities KW - Role KW - Economic Status KW - Family (Sociological Unit) KW - Internet KW - Predictor Variables KW - Social Environment KW - Adoption (Ideas) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/822507130?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Remote collection and analysis of witness reports on flash floods AN - 818638951; 2011-004430 AB - Typically, flash floods are studied ex post facto in response to a major impact event. A complement to field investigations is developing a detailed database of flash flood events, including minor events and null reports (i.e., where heavy rain occurred but there was no flash flooding), based on public survey questions conducted in near-real time. The Severe hazards analysis and verification experiment (SHAVE) has been in operation at the National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL) in Norman, OK, USA during the summers since 2006. The experiment employs undergraduate students to analyse real-time products from weather radars, target specific regions within the conterminous US, and poll public residences and businesses regarding the occurrence and severity of hail, wind, tornadoes, and now flash floods. In addition to providing a rich learning experience for students, SHAVE has also been successful in creating high-resolution datasets of severe hazards used for algorithm and model verification. This paper describes the criteria used to initiate the flash flood survey, the specific questions asked and information entered to the database, and then provides an analysis of results for flash flood data collected during the summer of 2008. It is envisioned that specific details provided by the SHAVE flash flood observation database will complement databases collected by operational agencies (i.e., US National Weather Service Storm Data reports) and thus lead to better tools to predict the likelihood of flash floods and ultimately reduce their impacts on society. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Gourley, J J AU - Erlingis, J M AU - Smith, T M AU - Ortega, K L AU - Hong, Y A2 - Borga, Marco A2 - Anagnostou, Emmanouil N. A2 - Bloeschl, G. A2 - Creutin, Jean-Dominique Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - November 2010 SP - 53 EP - 62 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 394 IS - 1-2 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - Minnesota KW - geologic hazards KW - radar methods KW - prediction KW - Lac qui Parle County Minnesota KW - environmental effects KW - models KW - severe hazard analysis and verification experiment KW - SHAVE KW - floods KW - storms KW - flash floods KW - algorithms KW - meteorology KW - remote sensing KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/818638951?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Remote+collection+and+analysis+of+witness+reports+on+flash+floods&rft.au=Gourley%2C+J+J%3BErlingis%2C+J+M%3BSmith%2C+T+M%3BOrtega%2C+K+L%3BHong%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Gourley&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=394&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2010.05.042 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; environmental effects; flash floods; floods; geologic hazards; Lac qui Parle County Minnesota; meteorology; Minnesota; models; prediction; radar methods; remote sensing; severe hazard analysis and verification experiment; SHAVE; storms; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.05.042 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The SST Quality Monitor (SQUAM) AN - 817608816; 13971524 AB - The National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS) has been operationally generating sea surface temperature (SST) products (T sub(S)) from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometers (AVHRR) onboard NOAA and MetOp-A satellites since the early 1980s. Customarily, T sub(S) are validated against in situ SSTs. However, in situ data are sparse and are not available globally in near-real time (NRT). This study describes a complementary SST Quality Monitor (SQUAM), which employs global level 4 (L4) SST fields as a reference standard (T sub(R)) and performs statistical analyses of the differences T sub(S) = T sub(S) - T sub(R). The results are posted online in NRT. The T sub(S) data that are analyzed are the heritage National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS) SST products from NOAA-16, -17, -18, and -19 and MetOp-A from 2001 to the present. The T sub(R) fields include daily Reynolds, real-time global (RTG), Operational Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Analysis (OSTIA), and Ocean Data Analysis System for Marine Environment and Security for the European Area (MERSEA) (ODYSSEA) analyses. Using multiple fields facilitates the distinguishing of artifacts in satellite SSTs from those in the L4 products. Global distributions of T sub(S) are mapped and their histograms are analyzed for proximity to Gaussian shape. Outliers are handled using robust statistics, and the Gaussian parameters are trended in time to monitor SST products for stability and consistency. Additional T sub(S) checks are performed to identify retrieval artifacts by plotting T sub(S) versus observational parameters. Cross-platform T sub(S) biases are evaluated using double differences, and cross-L4 T sub(R) differences are assessed using Hovmoeller diagrams. SQUAM results compare well with the customary in situ validation. All satellite products show a high degree of self- and cross-platform consistency, except for NOAA-16, which has flown close to the terminator in recent years and whose AVHRR is unstable. JF - Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology AU - Dash, Prasanjit AU - Ignatov, Alexander AU - Kihai, Yury AU - Sapper, John AD - NOAA/NESDIS, Center for Satellite Applications and Research, Camp Springs, Maryland, and Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmospheres, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, prasanjit.dash@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - Nov 2010 SP - 1899 EP - 1917 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 27 IS - 11 SN - 0739-0572, 0739-0572 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Quality assurance/control KW - Sea surface temperature KW - Satellite observations KW - Infrared radiation KW - Remote Sensing KW - Marine KW - Satellite Technology KW - Sea surface KW - Statistics KW - Information services KW - Temperature KW - Statistical analysis KW - Sea ice temperatures KW - Surface temperature KW - U.S. satellite, NOAA KW - Radiometers KW - Shape KW - Satellite data KW - Sea ice KW - Oceans KW - Sea Ice KW - AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer) KW - Statistical Analysis KW - Standards KW - Histograms KW - Sea surface temperatures KW - M2 551.326:Floating Ice (551.326) KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling KW - SW 0820:Snow, ice and frost KW - O 6020:Offshore Engineering and Operations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/817608816?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Atmospheric+and+Oceanic+Technology&rft.atitle=The+SST+Quality+Monitor+%28SQUAM%29&rft.au=Dash%2C+Prasanjit%3BIgnatov%2C+Alexander%3BKihai%2C+Yury%3BSapper%2C+John&rft.aulast=Dash&rft.aufirst=Prasanjit&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1899&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Atmospheric+and+Oceanic+Technology&rft.issn=07390572&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JTECHO756.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radiometers; Sea surface; Information services; Surface temperature; U.S. satellite, NOAA; Sea ice; Satellite data; AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer); Statistical analysis; Histograms; Sea ice temperatures; Sea surface temperatures; Remote Sensing; Shape; Satellite Technology; Statistics; Oceans; Sea Ice; Statistical Analysis; Temperature; Standards; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JTECHO756.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New technique to analyse global distributions of CO2 concentrations and fluxes from non-processed observational data AN - 815541001; 13888379 AB - ABSTRACTWe have developed a new observational screening technique for inverse model. This technique was applied to our transport models with re-analysed meteorological data and the inverse model to estimate the global distribution of CO2 concentrations and fluxes. During the 1990s, we estimated a total CO2 uptake by the biosphere of 1.4-1.5 PgC yr-1 and a total CO2 uptake by the oceans of 1.7-1.8 PgC yr-1. The uncertainty of global CO2 flux estimation is about 0.3 PgC yr-1. We also obtained monthly surface CO2 concentrations in the marine boundary layer to precisions of 0.5-1.0 ppm. To utilize non-processed (statistical monthly mean) observational data in our analysis, we developed a quality control procedure for such observational data including a repetition of inversion. This technique is suitable for other inversion setups. Observational data by ships were placed into grids and used in our analysis to add to the available data from fixed stations. The estimated global distributions are updated and extended every year. JF - Tellus. Series B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology AU - Maki, T AU - Ikegami, M AU - Fujita, T AU - Hirahara, T AU - Yamada, K AU - Mori, K AU - Takeuchi, A AU - Tsutsumi, Y AU - Suda, K AU - Conway, T J AD - 6Global Monitoring Division, Earth System Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, USA Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - Nov 2010 SP - 797 EP - 809 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 62 IS - 5 SN - 0280-6509, 0280-6509 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Ships KW - Screening KW - Meteorological data KW - Boundary Layers KW - Statistical analysis KW - Biosphere KW - Data reanalysis KW - Inversions KW - Model Studies KW - Marine atmospheric boundary layer KW - Oceans KW - Boundary layers KW - Quality control KW - Precision KW - Absorption KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Fixed stations KW - Fluctuations KW - Quality Control KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - O 2090:Instruments/Methods KW - SW 0540:Properties of water KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) KW - Q2 09124:Coastal zone management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/815541001?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tellus.+Series+B%3A+Chemical+and+Physical+Meteorology&rft.atitle=New+technique+to+analyse+global+distributions+of+CO2+concentrations+and+fluxes+from+non-processed+observational+data&rft.au=Maki%2C+T%3BIkegami%2C+M%3BFujita%2C+T%3BHirahara%2C+T%3BYamada%2C+K%3BMori%2C+K%3BTakeuchi%2C+A%3BTsutsumi%2C+Y%3BSuda%2C+K%3BConway%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Maki&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=797&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tellus.+Series+B%3A+Chemical+and+Physical+Meteorology&rft.issn=02806509&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1600-0889.2010.00488.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Screening; Meteorological data; Quality control; Boundary layers; Fixed stations; Carbon dioxide; Inversions; Marine atmospheric boundary layer; Statistical analysis; Biosphere; Data reanalysis; Ships; Oceans; Precision; Boundary Layers; Absorption; Quality Control; Fluctuations; Model Studies; Carbon Dioxide DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2010.00488.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrological connectivity for riverine fish: measurement challenges and research opportunities AN - 762281423; 13816627 AB - Summary1. In this review, we first summarize how hydrologic connectivity has been studied for riverine fish capable of moving long distances, and then identify research opportunities that have clear conservation significance. Migratory species, such as anadromous salmonids, are good model organisms for understanding ecological connectivity in rivers because the spatial scale over which movements occur among freshwater habitats is large enough to be easily observed with available techniques; they are often economically or culturally valuable with habitats that can be easily fragmented by human activities; and they integrate landscape conditions from multiple surrounding catchment(s) with in-river conditions. Studies have focussed on three themes: (i) relatively stable connections (connections controlled by processes that act over broad spatio-temporal scales >1000 km2 and >100 years); (ii) dynamic connections (connections controlled by processes acting over fine to moderate spatio-temporal scales 61-1000 km2 and <1-100 years); and (iii) anthropogenic influences on hydrologic connectivity, including actions that disrupt or enhance natural connections experienced by fish.2. We outline eight challenges to understanding the role of connectivity in riverine fish ecology, organized under three foci: (i) addressing the constraints of river structure; (ii) embracing temporal complexity in hydrologic connectivity; and (iii) managing connectivity for riverine fishes. Challenges include the spatial structure of stream networks, the force and direction of flow, scale-dependence of connectivity, shifting boundaries, complexity of behaviour and life histories and quantifying anthropogenic influence on connectivity and aligning management goals. As we discuss each challenge, we summarize relevant approaches in the literature and provide additional suggestions for improving research and management of connectivity for riverine fishes.3. Specifically, we suggest that rapid advances are possible in the following arenas: (i) incorporating network structure and river discharge into analyses; (ii) increasing explicit consideration of temporal complexity and fish behaviour in the scope of analyses; and (iii) parsing degrees of human and natural influences on connectivity and defining acceptable alterations. Multiscale analyses are most likely to identify dominant patterns of connections and disconnections, and the appropriate scale at which to focus conservation activities. JF - Freshwater Biology AU - Fullerton, Ah AU - Burnett, K M AU - Steel, E A AU - FLITCROFT, R L AU - PESS, G R AU - Feist, B E AU - Torgersen, Ce AU - Miller, D J AU - Sanderson, B L AD - *NOAA Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Seattle, WA, U.S.A. 1, aimee.fullerton@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - November 2010 SP - 2215 EP - 2237 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 55 IS - 11 SN - 0046-5070, 0046-5070 KW - ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - migratory fish KW - movement barriers KW - river network KW - spatial structure KW - Anadromous species KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Geomorphology KW - Fishery management KW - River Flow KW - Salmonidae KW - Fish culture KW - Rivers KW - anthropogenic factors KW - Freshwater environments KW - Landscape KW - Recruitment KW - River discharge KW - Habitat KW - Aquaculture economics KW - Aquatic Habitats KW - Stream KW - Boundaries KW - Conservation KW - Fish KW - Human factors KW - Catchment area KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Streams KW - Models KW - spatial distribution KW - Migratory species KW - Life history KW - Reviews KW - Scales KW - Q2 09123:Conservation KW - Q1 08105:Research programmes, expeditions and vessels KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - ENA 19:Water Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/762281423?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Freshwater+Biology&rft.atitle=Hydrological+connectivity+for+riverine+fish%3A+measurement+challenges+and+research+opportunities&rft.au=Fullerton%2C+Ah%3BBurnett%2C+K+M%3BSteel%2C+E+A%3BFLITCROFT%2C+R+L%3BPESS%2C+G+R%3BFeist%2C+B+E%3BTorgersen%2C+Ce%3BMiller%2C+D+J%3BSanderson%2C+B+L&rft.aulast=Fullerton&rft.aufirst=Ah&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Freshwater+Biology&rft.issn=00465070&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2427.2010.02448.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 205 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Catchment area; Aquaculture economics; Fishery management; Stream; Anadromous species; Anthropogenic factors; River discharge; Freshwater fish; Fish culture; Rivers; Freshwater environments; Recruitment; Landscape; Habitat; Streams; Models; Life history; Scales; Reviews; Boundaries; Conservation; spatial distribution; Migratory species; anthropogenic factors; Fish; Human factors; Geomorphology; Aquatic Habitats; River Flow; Salmonidae; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2010.02448.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Aerosol on the Susceptibility and Efficiency of Precipitation in Warm Trade Cumulus Clouds AN - 1777151392; 14029972 AB - Large-eddy simulations of warm, trade wind cumulus clouds are conducted for a range of aerosol conditions with a focus on precipitating clouds. Individual clouds are tracked over the course of their lifetimes. Precipitation rate decreases progressively as aerosol increases. For larger, precipitating clouds, the polluted clouds have longer lifetimes because of precipitation suppression. For clean aerosol conditions, there is good agreement between the average model precipitation rate and that calculated based on observed radar reflectivity Z and precipitation rate R relationships. Precipitation rate can be expressed as a power-law function of liquid water path (LWP) and N sub(d), to reasonable accuracy. The respective powers for LWP and N sub(d) are of similar magnitude compared to those based on observational studies of stratocumulus clouds. The time-integrated precipitation rate represented by a power-law function of LWP, N sub(d), and cloud lifetime is much more reliably predicted than is R expressed in terms of LWP and N sub(d) alone. The precipitation susceptibility (S sub(o) = -dlnR/dlnN sub(d)) that quantifies the sensitivity of precipitation to changes in N sub(d) depends strongly on LWP and exhibits nonmonotonic behavior with a maximum at intermediate LWP values. The relationship between S sub(o) and precipitation efficiency is explored and the importance of including dependence on N sub(d) in the latter is highlighted. The results provide trade cumulus cloud population statistics, as well as relationships between microphysical/macrophysical properties and precipitation, that are amenable for use in larger-scale models. JF - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences AU - Jiang, Hongli AU - Feingold, Graham AU - Sorooshian, Armin AD - Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, and NOAA/Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado hongli.jiang@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - November 2010 SP - 3525 EP - 3540 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 67 IS - 11 SN - 0022-4928, 0022-4928 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Aerospace & High Technology Database (AH) KW - Clouds KW - Aerosols KW - Statistics KW - Mathematical models KW - Neodymium KW - Accuracy KW - Precipitation KW - Cumulus clouds KW - Marine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777151392?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Atmospheric+Sciences&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Aerosol+on+the+Susceptibility+and+Efficiency+of+Precipitation+in+Warm+Trade+Cumulus+Clouds&rft.au=Jiang%2C+Hongli%3BFeingold%2C+Graham%3BSorooshian%2C+Armin&rft.aulast=Jiang&rft.aufirst=Hongli&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=3525&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Atmospheric+Sciences&rft.issn=00224928&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JAS3484.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JAS3484.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rainfall Reinforcement Associated with Landfalling Tropical Cyclones AN - 1777143763; 14029961 AB - Landfalling tropical cyclones (TCs) often bring about heavy rainfall, which typically decreases with the weakening of the TCs. However, some TCs may suddenly be reinvigorated after they become remnants over land. Such TCs may produce even stronger rains than those at the time of their landfall. This reinvigorating phenomenon is known as "rainfall reinforcement associated with landfalling tropical cyclones" (RRLTC). The TCs triggering rainfall reinforcement account for 9.7% of the total number of TCs that make landfall on mainland China and often cause problems and surprises for forecasters. The TCs with rainfall reinforcement mostly make landfall in the area of the southeastern coast of China and move primarily along two tracks, spreading northward or westward. RRLTC often occurs in the remnant of a tropical depression that has already been downgraded from typhoon intensity, particularly in a period when the remnant has slowed down or even stagnated. The highest frequency of RRLTC occurrence is during the third day after landfall and in the northeast quadrant of a TC moving northward and the southwest quadrants of a TC moving westward. Diagnostic analysis shows that an RRLTC with a northward track can be mainly attributed to the interaction between westerly troughs and the tropical cyclone. In this way, a remnant gains baroclinic energy from the midlatitude trough. Such an interaction does not appear for northward track TCs without rainfall reinforcement. Rainfall reinforcement for TCs with a westward track is mainly due to the interaction between monsoon surge cloud clusters and tropical cyclones, which is favorable for moisture and latent heat gain. Analyses show that the westward TCs would not have rainfall reinforcement without such an interaction. RRLTC requires new energy transport into TCs. The results of the present study indicate that baroclinic potential energy and latent heat are the two major energy sources that will trigger the remnant revival and rainfall reinforcement. Land surface topography also plays an important role in increasing the rainfall of TCs. JF - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences AU - Dong, Meiying AU - Chen, Lianshou AU - Li, Ying AU - Lu, Chungu AD - State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, and Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, and Zhejiang Provincial Meteorological Observatory, Hangzhou, China Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - November 2010 SP - 3541 EP - 3558 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 67 IS - 11 SN - 0022-4928, 0022-4928 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Aerospace & High Technology Database (AH) KW - Climatology KW - Latent heating/cooling KW - Rainfall KW - Statistical techniques KW - Tropical cyclones KW - Cyclones KW - Quadrants KW - Land KW - Gain KW - Reinforcement KW - Latent heat KW - China KW - Marine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777143763?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Atmospheric+Sciences&rft.atitle=Rainfall+Reinforcement+Associated+with+Landfalling+Tropical+Cyclones&rft.au=Dong%2C+Meiying%3BChen%2C+Lianshou%3BLi%2C+Ying%3BLu%2C+Chungu&rft.aulast=Dong&rft.aufirst=Meiying&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=3541&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Atmospheric+Sciences&rft.issn=00224928&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JAS3268.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JAS3268.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Residue-based mercury dose-response in fish: An analysis using lethality-equivalent test endpoints AN - 1777116904; 14430041 AB - Dose-response relationships for aquatic organisms have been developed for numerous contaminants using external media exposures (water and sediment). Dose-response relationships based on internal concentrations (tissue residues) are limited. The present study reports Hg dose-response curves for early life stage and juvenile or adult fish based on published tissue-residue toxicity studies. These curves rely primarily on endpoints that can be directly related to mortality, such as survival, reproductive success, and lethal developmental abnormalities. These lethality-equivalent endpoints were linked using the common metric of injury. Uncertainties and potential applications of this mercury dose-response curve are discussed. Major uncertainties include lab to field extrapolations, biological endpoints selected by investigators, interspecific extrapolations, and the paucity of published early life stage residue (dose)-response information. To the extent this curve is based exclusively on laboratory toxicity tests and does not consider other potentially sensitive and ecologically important biological endpoints (e.g., growth and behavior), the magnitude of the adverse effects predicted by the curve may be underestimated. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Dillon, Tom AU - Beckvar, Nancy AU - Kern, John AD - Office of Response and Restoration, National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, c/o U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Superfund, 61 Forsyth Street, Atlanta, Georgia 30303 tom.dillon@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/11/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Nov 01 SP - 2559 EP - 2565 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA VL - 29 IS - 11 SN - 1552-8618, 1552-8618 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Fish KW - Mercury KW - Injury KW - Dose-response KW - Residue-effects KW - Uncertainty KW - Residues KW - Extrapolation KW - Biological KW - Toxicity KW - Adults KW - Contaminants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777116904?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Residue-based+mercury+dose-response+in+fish%3A+An+analysis+using+lethality-equivalent+test+endpoints&rft.au=Dillon%2C+Tom%3BBeckvar%2C+Nancy%3BKern%2C+John&rft.aulast=Dillon&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2559&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=15528618&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fetc.314 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.314 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Impacts of ENSO and AO/NAO on the Interannual Variability of Great Lakes Ice Cover AN - 1765958703; PQ0002620915 AB - The impacts of El Nino and South Oscillation (ENSO) and Arctic Oscillation (AO) or North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) on Great Lakes ice cover were investigated using ice observations for winters 1963-2008 and National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis data. Signatures of ENSO and AO/NAO were found in Great Lakes ice cover. However, the impacts are nonlinear and asymmetric. Strong El Nino events are often associated with least ice cover on the Great Lakes, while the impacts of weak El Nino and La Nina events (of all intensities) on the Great Lakes are marginally significant. Negative AO/NAO events are often associated with severe ice cover, while positive AO/NAO events often lead to lower ice cover. The strong El Nino and negative AO/NAO events account for about 50% of the least and severe ice cover winters on the Great Lakes, respectively. The interference of the effects of ENSO and AO/NAO over the Great Lakes makes the relationships complicated. This may be an important cause of nonlinear and asymmetric responses of the regional climate and Great Lakes ice to ENSO and AO/NAO. Based on the cross composite analysis, it is found that during the simultaneous occurrence of El Nino (La Nina) and + AO (-AO) events, Great Lakes ice cover tends to be least (severe). JF - NOAA Technical Memorandum GLERL AU - Bai, Xuezhi AU - Wang, Jia AU - Sellinger, Cynthia AU - Clites, Anne AU - Assel, Raymond AD - NOAA, Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, Ann Arbor, MI Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - November 2010 SP - 1 EP - 44 PB - U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, 2205 Commonwealth Blvd. Ann Arbor MI 48105-2945 United States VL - 152 SN - 0733-4044, 0733-4044 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Prediction KW - Variability KW - Oscillations KW - ice cover KW - Freshwater KW - El Nino KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Ice observations KW - Arctic KW - El Nino phenomena KW - Marine KW - Lake Ice KW - Ice Cover KW - Climates KW - Southern Oscillation KW - PN, Arctic KW - Lake ice KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - Atmospheric forcing KW - AN, North Atlantic, North Atlantic Oscillation KW - Ice cover KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q2 09171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765958703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NOAA+Technical+Memorandum+GLERL&rft.atitle=The+Impacts+of+ENSO+and+AO%2FNAO+on+the+Interannual+Variability+of+Great+Lakes+Ice+Cover&rft.au=Bai%2C+Xuezhi%3BWang%2C+Jia%3BSellinger%2C+Cynthia%3BClites%2C+Anne%3BAssel%2C+Raymond&rft.aulast=Bai&rft.aufirst=Xuezhi&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=152&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NOAA+Technical+Memorandum+GLERL&rft.issn=07334044&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lake ice; Oscillations; El Nino; Atmospheric forcing; Ocean-atmosphere system; Ice observations; Ice cover; El Nino phenomena; Southern Oscillation; Prediction; Variability; Lake Ice; Ice Cover; Climates; ice cover; Arctic; PN, Arctic; North America, Great Lakes; AN, North Atlantic, North Atlantic Oscillation; Marine; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How Does Climate Change Affect the Bering Sea Ecosystem? AN - 1712566811; PQ0001955570 AB - The Bering Sea is one of the most productive marine ecosystems in the world, sustaining nearly half of U.S. annual commercial fish catches and providing food and cultural value to thousands of coastal and island residents. Fish and crab are abundant in the Bering Sea; whales, seals, and seabirds migrate there every year. In winter, the topography, latitude, atmosphere, and ocean circulation combine to produce a sea ice advance in the Bering Sea unmatched elsewhere in the Northern Hemisphere, and in spring the retreating ice; longer daylight hours; and nutrient-rich, deep-ocean waters forced up onto the broad continental shelf result in intense marine productivity (Figure 1). This seasonal ice cover is a major driver of Bering Sea ecology, making this ecosystem particularly sensitive to changes in climate. Predicted changes in ice cover in the coming decades have intensified concern about the future of this economically and culturally important region. In response, the North Pacific Research Board (NPRB) and the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) entered into a partnership in 2007 to support the Bering Sea Project, a comprehensive $52 million investigation to understand how climate change is affecting the Bering Sea ecosystem, ranging from lower trophic levels (e.g., plankton) to fish, seabirds, marine mammals, and, ultimately, humans. The project integrates two research programs, the NSF Bering Ecosystem Study (BEST) and the NPRB Bering Sea Integrated Ecosystem Research Program (BSIERP), with substantial in-kind contributions from the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. JF - EOS, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Sigler, M F AU - Harvey, H R AU - Ashjian, J AU - Lomas, M W AU - Napp, J M AU - Stabeno, P J AU - Van Pelt, TI AD - Alaska Fisheries Science Center, NOAA, Juneau. Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - November 2010 SP - 457 EP - 458 PB - Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., 1105 N Market St Wilmington DE 19801 VL - 91 IS - 48 SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Marine productivity KW - Climate change KW - Nutrients KW - American Geophysical Union KW - Ecology KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - IN, North Pacific KW - Seabirds KW - Marine ecosystems KW - Marine crustaceans KW - Fish culture KW - Topography KW - Ice KW - Marine birds KW - Decapoda KW - Ocean circulation KW - Seals KW - Catches KW - Aquaculture economics KW - IN, Bering Sea KW - Oceanic circulation KW - Sea ice KW - Intensive culture KW - Marine mammals KW - Fish KW - Cetacea KW - Research programs KW - Aquatic birds KW - Ice cover KW - O 5080:Legal/Governmental KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q2 09424:Applied economics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1712566811?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=EOS%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=How+Does+Climate+Change+Affect+the+Bering+Sea+Ecosystem%3F&rft.au=Sigler%2C+M+F%3BHarvey%2C+H+R%3BAshjian%2C+J%3BLomas%2C+M+W%3BNapp%2C+J+M%3BStabeno%2C+P+J%3BVan+Pelt%2C+TI&rft.aulast=Sigler&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=48&rft.spage=457&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=EOS%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010EO480001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquaculture economics; Sea ice; Marine birds; Intensive culture; Marine mammals; Climate change; Marine crustaceans; Fish culture; Ice cover; Ecology; Oceanic circulation; Marine productivity; Seabirds; Marine ecosystems; American Geophysical Union; Topography; Ice; Ocean circulation; Nutrients; Seals; Catches; Sulfur dioxide; Fish; Aquatic birds; Research programs; Decapoda; Cetacea; IN, Bering Sea; IN, North Pacific DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010EO480001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Caribbean islands in a changing climate AN - 1448371593; 4499258 JF - Environment AU - Pulwarty, Roger S AU - Nurse, Leonard A AU - Trotz, Ulric O AD - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ; University of the West Indies ; University of Guyana Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - Nov 2010 SP - 16 EP - 27 VL - 52 IS - 6 SN - 0013-9157, 0013-9157 KW - Economics KW - Political Science KW - Tourism KW - Marine resources KW - Climate change KW - Caribbean KW - Environmental effects KW - Water resources KW - Global warming KW - Environmental policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1448371593?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment&rft.atitle=Caribbean+islands+in+a+changing+climate&rft.au=Pulwarty%2C+Roger+S%3BNurse%2C+Leonard+A%3BTrotz%2C+Ulric+O&rft.aulast=Pulwarty&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=16&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment&rft.issn=00139157&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F00139157.2010.522460 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-11-04 N1 - Last updated - 2013-11-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 4318 4109 2088 10642 2688 2449 10404; 2382 2381 8560 9511 4309 4313; 5515 2382 2381 8560 9511 4309 4313; 13484 13467 9511 4309; 7688 8570; 4336 5574 10472; 12794 7336 3198; 77 14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00139157.2010.522460 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proposal for an international network of MPAs: Islands in the stream AN - 1257754163; 17432901 AB - This paper describes an opportunity to create an international network of MPAs around the Gulf of Mexico, working through collaboration with partner nations around the Caribbean and utilizing the concept of connectivity throughout the region. A network in the comparably-complex Gulf of Mexico region could protect sensitive marine areas such as interconnected deep water coral banks and hard-bottom communities vital to the health and sustainability of the region's marine resources. Historically considered and managed as isolated environments, recent discoveries have documented important biological linkages between these underwater communities that are maintained by the clockwise motion of the Yucatan, Loop and Florida currents. Individual reefs and banks, some of which are connected by bathymetric ridges and scarps, provide a nearly-continuous "corridor" from Cuba, Belize and Mexico, then into the Gulf itself. Though separated by large expanses of ocean, the fishes, corals, and invertebrates common to these reefs and banks demonstrate that the health and vitality of resources "downstream" are linked closely to those located "upstream". They are dependent on one another for continued recruitment and replenishment. The Gulf of Mexico region is important for several human uses, which can be preserved so that conservation goals are met while respecting ongoing recreational and economic activity. Existing uses of the Gulf of Mexico can co-exist with a highly protected network of marine protected areas. This paper explores a strategy to establish an international network of MPAs. JF - Proceedings of the Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute AU - Causey, Billy D AD - NOAA's Office of National Marine Sanctuaries 33 East Quay Rd. Key West, Florida 33040 USA, Billy.Causev@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - Nov 2010 SP - 294 EP - 296 PB - Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute, c/o Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution, Inc. Fort Pierce FL 34946 United States VL - 63 SN - 2152-9140, 2152-9140 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Marine KW - Resource management KW - Recruitment KW - Man-induced effects KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - ASW, Mexico, Yucatan KW - Coral reefs KW - Stream KW - ASW, Caribbean Sea, Greater Antilles, Cuba KW - Marine parks KW - Nature conservation KW - Escarpments KW - ASW, Belize KW - ASW, Atlantic, Florida Current KW - Environment management KW - Q1 08626:Food technology KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1257754163?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Gulf+and+Caribbean+Fisheries+Institute&rft.atitle=Proposal+for+an+international+network+of+MPAs%3A+Islands+in+the+stream&rft.au=Causey%2C+Billy+D&rft.aulast=Causey&rft.aufirst=Billy&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=294&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Gulf+and+Caribbean+Fisheries+Institute&rft.issn=21529140&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Resource management; Stream; Coral reefs; Recruitment; Nature conservation; Marine parks; Escarpments; Man-induced effects; Environment management; ASW, Mexico Gulf; ASW, Mexico, Yucatan; ASW, Caribbean Sea, Greater Antilles, Cuba; ASW, Belize; ASW, Atlantic, Florida Current; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Workshop for development of sustainable practices for marine cage culture operations in the U.S. Caribbean AN - 1257750318; 17432938 AB - On November 2nd and 3 rd, 2010 the NOAA Aquaculture Program and NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program, in cooperation with Puerto Rico Sea Grant and the Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute (GCFI), hosted the Workshop for Development of Sustainable Practices for Marine Cage Culture Operations in the U.S. Caribbean. This one and a half day invited workshop was convened in conjunction with the 2010 GCFI annual meeting in San Juan, Puerto Rico. The purpose of the workshop was to facilitate exchange of scientific and regulatory information as a first step toward developing environmental guidelines for marine cage culture operations in the U.S. Caribbean. Discussions focused on exchanging scientific information and identifying areas of uncertainty and knowledge gaps for marine cage culture operations. Break-out sessions were held to identify key elements for regional Best Management Practices (BMPs) for marine cage culture operations in territorial waters of the U.S. Caribbean. A second workshop will be held to seek input from additional experts and continue development of the regional BMPs. JF - Proceedings of the Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute AU - Beck, Jessica AU - O'Brien, David AU - Koss, Jennifer AU - Fairey, Elizabeth AU - Morris, James AU - Lilyestrom, Craig AU - Ojeda, Edgardo AU - Price, Carol AD - NOAA Fisheries Service Southeast Regional Office, 263 13th Avenue South, St. Petersburg, Florida 33701 USA, jess.beck@noa.gov Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - Nov 2010 SP - 500 EP - 504 PB - Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute, c/o Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution, Inc. Fort Pierce FL 34946 United States VL - 63 SN - 2152-9140, 2152-9140 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Conferences KW - Best practices KW - Guidelines KW - Grants KW - Sustainable development KW - Aquaculture KW - Territorial waters KW - USA KW - Aquaculture development KW - Fishery management KW - ASW, Caribbean Sea, Greater Antilles, Puerto Rico KW - Coral reefs KW - Fisheries KW - Cage culture KW - Nature conservation KW - Conservation KW - Environment management KW - Q3 08581:Aquaculture: General KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - O 5060:Aquaculture KW - Q1 08121:Law, policy, economics and social sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1257750318?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Gulf+and+Caribbean+Fisheries+Institute&rft.atitle=Workshop+for+development+of+sustainable+practices+for+marine+cage+culture+operations+in+the+U.S.+Caribbean&rft.au=Beck%2C+Jessica%3BO%27Brien%2C+David%3BKoss%2C+Jennifer%3BFairey%2C+Elizabeth%3BMorris%2C+James%3BLilyestrom%2C+Craig%3BOjeda%2C+Edgardo%3BPrice%2C+Carol&rft.aulast=Beck&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=500&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Gulf+and+Caribbean+Fisheries+Institute&rft.issn=21529140&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Territorial waters; Conferences; Fishery management; Aquaculture development; Coral reefs; Nature conservation; Cage culture; Sustainable development; Aquaculture; Environment management; Best practices; Fisheries; Grants; Guidelines; Conservation; USA; ASW, Caribbean Sea, Greater Antilles, Puerto Rico ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Importance of seascape complexity for resilient fish habitat and sustainable fisheries AN - 1257749091; 17432926 AB - Seascape ecology studies indicate that the spatial arrangement of habitat types and the topographic complexity of the seascape are major environmental drivers of fish distributions and diversity across coral reef ecosystems. Impairment of one component of an ecologically functional habitat mosaic and reduction in the architectural complexity of coral reefs is likely to lower the quality of habitat for many fish including important fished species. Documented declines in coral cover and topographic complexity are reported from a decade of long-term coral reef ecosystem monitoring in SW Puerto Rico. To examine broader scale impacts we use "reef flattening scenarios" and spatial predictive modeling to demonstrate how declining seascape complexity will lead to contractions and fragmentation in the local spatial distribution of fish. This change may result in impaired connectivity, cascading impacts to ecological functioning and reduced resilience to environmental stressors. We propose that a shift in perspective is needed towards a more holistic and spatially-explicit seascape approach to ecosystem-based management that can help monitor structural change, predict ecological consequences, guide targeted restoration efforts and inform spatial prioritization in marine spatial planning. JF - Proceedings of the Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute AU - Pittman, Simon J AU - Costa, Bryan AU - Jeffrey, Christopher F G AU - Caldow, Chris AD - Biogeography Branch, Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910 USA; Marine Science Center, University of the Virgin Islands, 2 John Brewers Bay, St. Thomas, VI00802, U.S. Virgin Islands, simon.pittman@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - Nov 2010 SP - 420 EP - 426 PB - Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute, c/o Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution, Inc. Fort Pierce FL 34946 United States VL - 63 SN - 2152-9140, 2152-9140 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Prediction KW - Ecosystems KW - Spatial distribution KW - Environmental planning KW - Ecological distribution KW - Environmental impact KW - Biodiversity KW - Topographic effects KW - Habitat KW - Fishery management KW - ASW, Caribbean Sea, Greater Antilles, Puerto Rico KW - Marine environment KW - Coral reefs KW - Depleted stocks KW - Prediction models KW - Fish KW - Environmental stress KW - Environment management KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1257749091?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Gulf+and+Caribbean+Fisheries+Institute&rft.atitle=Importance+of+seascape+complexity+for+resilient+fish+habitat+and+sustainable+fisheries&rft.au=Pittman%2C+Simon+J%3BCosta%2C+Bryan%3BJeffrey%2C+Christopher+F+G%3BCaldow%2C+Chris&rft.aulast=Pittman&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=&rft.spage=420&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Gulf+and+Caribbean+Fisheries+Institute&rft.issn=21529140&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Fishery management; Coral reefs; Ecological distribution; Depleted stocks; Environmental impact; Biodiversity; Topographic effects; Environment management; Spatial distribution; Ecosystems; Marine environment; Environmental planning; Prediction models; Environmental stress; Fish; Habitat; ASW, Caribbean Sea, Greater Antilles, Puerto Rico ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ocean acidification; present status and future conditions in a high-CO (sub 2) world AN - 1015458681; 2012-046658 AB - The uptake of anthropogenic CO (sub 2) by the global ocean induces fundamental changes in seawater chemistry that could have dramatic impacts on biological ecosystems in the upper ocean. Estimates based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) "business as usual" emission scenarios suggest that atmospheric CO (sub 2) levels could approach 800 ppm near the end of the century. Corresponding biogeochemical models for the ocean indicate that surface water pH will drop from a preindustrial value of about 8.2 to about 7.8 in the IPCC A2 scenario by the end of this century, increasing the ocean's acidity by about 150% relative to the beginning of the industrial era. In contemporary ocean water, elevated CO (sub 2) will also cause substantial reductions in surface water carbonate ion concentrations, in terms of either absolute changes or fractional changes relative to pre-industrial levels. For carbonate ion, the highest contemporary surface water concentrations are in the tropical and subtropical regions, particularly on the western side of each basin where the waters are warmer and saltier. For most open-ocean surface waters, aragonite undersaturation occurs when CO (sub 3) (super 2-) concentrations drop below approximately 66 mu mol kg (super -1) . The model projections indicate that aragonite undersaturation will start to occur by at about 2020 in the Arctic Ocean and 2050 in the Southern Ocean. By 2050 all of the Arctic is undersaturated with respect to aragonite, and by 2095 all of the Southern Ocean and parts of the North Pacific would become undersaturated. For calcite, undersaturation occurs when carbonate ion drops below 42 mu mol kg (super -1) . By 2095 most of the Arctic and some parts of the Bering and Chukchi Seas would become undersaturated with respect to calcite. However, in most of the other ocean basins the surface waters will still be saturated with respect to calcite, but at a level greatly reduced from the present. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Feely, Richard A AU - Doney, Scott AU - Cooley, Sarah AU - Greeley, Dana AU - Anonymous Y1 - 2010/11// PY - 2010 DA - November 2010 SP - 650 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 42 IS - 5 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - carbonate ion KW - sea water KW - aragonite KW - human activity KW - biochemistry KW - ecosystems KW - carbon dioxide KW - calcite KW - models KW - saturation KW - future KW - acidification KW - geochemistry KW - carbonates KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1015458681?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Ocean+acidification%3B+present+status+and+future+conditions+in+a+high-CO+%28sub+2%29+world&rft.au=Feely%2C+Richard+A%3BDoney%2C+Scott%3BCooley%2C+Sarah%3BGreeley%2C+Dana%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Feely&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2010-11-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=650&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 2010 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; aragonite; biochemistry; calcite; carbon dioxide; carbonate ion; carbonates; ecosystems; future; geochemistry; human activity; models; saturation; sea water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preface to special section on Past and Future Trends in Nutrient Export From Global Watersheds and Impacts on Water Quality and Eutrophication AN - 807291656; 13885287 JF - Global Biogeochemical Cycles AU - Seitzinger, S P AU - Bouwman, A F AU - Kroeze, C AD - Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, Rutgers/NOAA CMER Program, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA Y1 - 2010/10/30/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Oct 30 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA VL - 24 IS - 0 SN - 0886-6236, 0886-6236 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - 0470 Biogeosciences: Nutrients and nutrient cycling KW - 0414 Biogeosciences: Biogeochemical cycles, processes, and modeling KW - nutrient exports by watersheds KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Eutrophication KW - Water Quality KW - Nutrients KW - Watersheds KW - Water quality KW - Export KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/807291656?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.atitle=Preface+to+special+section+on+Past+and+Future+Trends+in+Nutrient+Export+From+Global+Watersheds+and+Impacts+on+Water+Quality+and+Eutrophication&rft.au=Seitzinger%2C+S+P%3BBouwman%2C+A+F%3BKroeze%2C+C&rft.aulast=Seitzinger&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2010-10-30&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=0&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.issn=08866236&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010GB003851 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Eutrophication; Biogeochemistry; Nutrients (mineral); Water quality; Watersheds; Nutrients; Water Quality; Export DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010GB003851 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SUISUN MARSH HABITAT MANAGEMENT, PRESERVATION, AND RESTORATION PLAN, SOLANO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. [Part 12 of 12] T2 - SUISUN MARSH HABITAT MANAGEMENT, PRESERVATION, AND RESTORATION PLAN, SOLANO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. AN - 873133648; 14705-5_0012 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a comprehensive plan to address conflicts regarding use of resources within Suisun Marsh, Solano County, California is proposed. The Suisun Habitat Management, Preservation, and Restoration Plan is intended to balance the benefits of tidal wetland restoration with other habitat uses in the Marsh by evaluating alternatives that provide an acceptable change in marshwide land uses, such as salt marsh harvest mouse habitat, managed wetlands, public use, and upland habitat. Suisun Marsh is the largest contiguous brackish water marsh remaining on the west coast of North America and is a critical part of the San Francisco Bay/Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta estuary ecosystem. It is home to public waterfowl hunting areas and 158 private duck clubs. The Marsh encompasses more than 10 percent of Californias remaining natural wetlands and serves as the resting and feeding ground for thousands of birds migrating on the Pacific Flyway and resident waterfowl. In addition, the Marsh provides important habitat for more than 221 bird species, 45 mammalian species, 16 different reptile and amphibian species, and more than 40 fish species. Suisun Marsh supports the states commercial salmon fishery by providing important tidal rearing areas for juvenile fish. Approximately 200 miles of levees in the Marsh contribute to managing salinity in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta. The Marshs large open space and proximity to urban areas make it ideally suited for wildlife viewing, hiking, canoeing, and other recreation opportunities. A group of local, state, and federal agencies with primary responsibility for Suisun Marsh management are pursuing the Suisun Marsh Plan (SMP), and this draft EIS describes three alternative 30-year plans, as well as a No Action Plan. These alternatives vary in the number of acres that would be restored to tidal wetlands and managed wetlands enhanced. The total amount of existing managed wetlands and uplands that could be affected by tidal restoration and managed wetland activities is 52,112 acres. Under Alternative A, which is the proposed project and preferred alternative, 5,000 to 7,000 acres would be restored to fully functioning, selfsustaining tidal wetland and the remaining 44,000 to 46,000 acres of managed wetlands would be enhanced for levee stability and flood and drain capabilities. Alternative B and Alternative C would restore 2,000 to 4,000 acres and 7,000 to 9,000 acres of tidal wetland, respectively. Land suitable for restoration would be acquired only from willing sellers. Activities would include: breaching or lowering existing levees; upgrading or constructing new levees; grading pond bottoms; installing or replacing pipe, drain pumps, and platforms; replacing riprap and water control structures; installing alternate bank protection; constructing cofferdams; installing new fish screens; repairing or replacing salinity monitoring stations; and dredging from tidal sloughs. Over the 30-year SMP implementation period, it is expected that the exact habitat amount provided by restored areas will depend on the existing elevation of the site, sedimentation rates and accretion, and sea level rise. The amount of subtidal aquatic habitat is expected to decrease gradually as sediment accretes and emergent tidal vegetation is established at each restoration site. As this happens, the site will be restored to a tidal wetland. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Development of a regional plan would balance implementation of the CALFED Program, the Suisun Marsh Preservation Agreement, and other management and restoration programs in a manner responsive to the concerns of stakeholders and based upon voluntary participation by private landowners. Under the preferred plan, 5,000 to 7,000 acres would be restored as tidal wetlands and tidal aquatic habitat would increase by 250 to 1,050 acres. Fish habitat would be improved due to increased oxygen concentrations in tidal channels and shorebird and waterfowl populations would benefit from improved nesting and winter habitat. The potential for catastrophic flooding would be reduced. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would result in generation of construction-related emissions in excess of draft local standards associated with restoration and management activities and exposure of noise-sensitive land uses to noise from portable pump operations. Construction and dredging could damage pipelines and disrupt electrical, gas, or other energy supplies. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958 (P.L. 85-624), and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100435, Volume Ia--490 pages, Volume Ib--440 pages, Volume II (Appendices)--174 pages and maps, October 29, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 12 KW - Water KW - Agency number: DES 10-58 KW - Air Quality KW - Bank Protection KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Cultural Resources KW - Dikes KW - Dredging KW - Emissions KW - Emission Standards KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Flood Protection KW - Hydrologic Assessments KW - Municipal Services KW - Noise KW - Recreation Resources KW - Regulations KW - Salinity KW - Salinity Control KW - Saltwater Barriers KW - Sediment KW - Vegetation KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - California KW - Sacramento River KW - Suisun Marsh KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958, Compliance KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873133648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-10-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SUISUN+MARSH+HABITAT+MANAGEMENT%2C+PRESERVATION%2C+AND+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+SOLANO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=SUISUN+MARSH+HABITAT+MANAGEMENT%2C+PRESERVATION%2C+AND+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+SOLANO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Sacramento, California; DOI N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: October 29, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SUISUN MARSH HABITAT MANAGEMENT, PRESERVATION, AND RESTORATION PLAN, SOLANO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. [Part 11 of 12] T2 - SUISUN MARSH HABITAT MANAGEMENT, PRESERVATION, AND RESTORATION PLAN, SOLANO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. AN - 873133646; 14705-5_0011 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a comprehensive plan to address conflicts regarding use of resources within Suisun Marsh, Solano County, California is proposed. The Suisun Habitat Management, Preservation, and Restoration Plan is intended to balance the benefits of tidal wetland restoration with other habitat uses in the Marsh by evaluating alternatives that provide an acceptable change in marshwide land uses, such as salt marsh harvest mouse habitat, managed wetlands, public use, and upland habitat. Suisun Marsh is the largest contiguous brackish water marsh remaining on the west coast of North America and is a critical part of the San Francisco Bay/Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta estuary ecosystem. It is home to public waterfowl hunting areas and 158 private duck clubs. The Marsh encompasses more than 10 percent of Californias remaining natural wetlands and serves as the resting and feeding ground for thousands of birds migrating on the Pacific Flyway and resident waterfowl. In addition, the Marsh provides important habitat for more than 221 bird species, 45 mammalian species, 16 different reptile and amphibian species, and more than 40 fish species. Suisun Marsh supports the states commercial salmon fishery by providing important tidal rearing areas for juvenile fish. Approximately 200 miles of levees in the Marsh contribute to managing salinity in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta. The Marshs large open space and proximity to urban areas make it ideally suited for wildlife viewing, hiking, canoeing, and other recreation opportunities. A group of local, state, and federal agencies with primary responsibility for Suisun Marsh management are pursuing the Suisun Marsh Plan (SMP), and this draft EIS describes three alternative 30-year plans, as well as a No Action Plan. These alternatives vary in the number of acres that would be restored to tidal wetlands and managed wetlands enhanced. The total amount of existing managed wetlands and uplands that could be affected by tidal restoration and managed wetland activities is 52,112 acres. Under Alternative A, which is the proposed project and preferred alternative, 5,000 to 7,000 acres would be restored to fully functioning, selfsustaining tidal wetland and the remaining 44,000 to 46,000 acres of managed wetlands would be enhanced for levee stability and flood and drain capabilities. Alternative B and Alternative C would restore 2,000 to 4,000 acres and 7,000 to 9,000 acres of tidal wetland, respectively. Land suitable for restoration would be acquired only from willing sellers. Activities would include: breaching or lowering existing levees; upgrading or constructing new levees; grading pond bottoms; installing or replacing pipe, drain pumps, and platforms; replacing riprap and water control structures; installing alternate bank protection; constructing cofferdams; installing new fish screens; repairing or replacing salinity monitoring stations; and dredging from tidal sloughs. Over the 30-year SMP implementation period, it is expected that the exact habitat amount provided by restored areas will depend on the existing elevation of the site, sedimentation rates and accretion, and sea level rise. The amount of subtidal aquatic habitat is expected to decrease gradually as sediment accretes and emergent tidal vegetation is established at each restoration site. As this happens, the site will be restored to a tidal wetland. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Development of a regional plan would balance implementation of the CALFED Program, the Suisun Marsh Preservation Agreement, and other management and restoration programs in a manner responsive to the concerns of stakeholders and based upon voluntary participation by private landowners. Under the preferred plan, 5,000 to 7,000 acres would be restored as tidal wetlands and tidal aquatic habitat would increase by 250 to 1,050 acres. Fish habitat would be improved due to increased oxygen concentrations in tidal channels and shorebird and waterfowl populations would benefit from improved nesting and winter habitat. The potential for catastrophic flooding would be reduced. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would result in generation of construction-related emissions in excess of draft local standards associated with restoration and management activities and exposure of noise-sensitive land uses to noise from portable pump operations. Construction and dredging could damage pipelines and disrupt electrical, gas, or other energy supplies. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958 (P.L. 85-624), and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100435, Volume Ia--490 pages, Volume Ib--440 pages, Volume II (Appendices)--174 pages and maps, October 29, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 11 KW - Water KW - Agency number: DES 10-58 KW - Air Quality KW - Bank Protection KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Cultural Resources KW - Dikes KW - Dredging KW - Emissions KW - Emission Standards KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Flood Protection KW - Hydrologic Assessments KW - Municipal Services KW - Noise KW - Recreation Resources KW - Regulations KW - Salinity KW - Salinity Control KW - Saltwater Barriers KW - Sediment KW - Vegetation KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - California KW - Sacramento River KW - Suisun Marsh KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958, Compliance KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873133646?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-10-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SUISUN+MARSH+HABITAT+MANAGEMENT%2C+PRESERVATION%2C+AND+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+SOLANO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=SUISUN+MARSH+HABITAT+MANAGEMENT%2C+PRESERVATION%2C+AND+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+SOLANO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Sacramento, California; DOI N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: October 29, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SUISUN MARSH HABITAT MANAGEMENT, PRESERVATION, AND RESTORATION PLAN, SOLANO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. [Part 10 of 12] T2 - SUISUN MARSH HABITAT MANAGEMENT, PRESERVATION, AND RESTORATION PLAN, SOLANO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. AN - 873133643; 14705-5_0010 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a comprehensive plan to address conflicts regarding use of resources within Suisun Marsh, Solano County, California is proposed. The Suisun Habitat Management, Preservation, and Restoration Plan is intended to balance the benefits of tidal wetland restoration with other habitat uses in the Marsh by evaluating alternatives that provide an acceptable change in marshwide land uses, such as salt marsh harvest mouse habitat, managed wetlands, public use, and upland habitat. Suisun Marsh is the largest contiguous brackish water marsh remaining on the west coast of North America and is a critical part of the San Francisco Bay/Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta estuary ecosystem. It is home to public waterfowl hunting areas and 158 private duck clubs. The Marsh encompasses more than 10 percent of Californias remaining natural wetlands and serves as the resting and feeding ground for thousands of birds migrating on the Pacific Flyway and resident waterfowl. In addition, the Marsh provides important habitat for more than 221 bird species, 45 mammalian species, 16 different reptile and amphibian species, and more than 40 fish species. Suisun Marsh supports the states commercial salmon fishery by providing important tidal rearing areas for juvenile fish. Approximately 200 miles of levees in the Marsh contribute to managing salinity in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta. The Marshs large open space and proximity to urban areas make it ideally suited for wildlife viewing, hiking, canoeing, and other recreation opportunities. A group of local, state, and federal agencies with primary responsibility for Suisun Marsh management are pursuing the Suisun Marsh Plan (SMP), and this draft EIS describes three alternative 30-year plans, as well as a No Action Plan. These alternatives vary in the number of acres that would be restored to tidal wetlands and managed wetlands enhanced. The total amount of existing managed wetlands and uplands that could be affected by tidal restoration and managed wetland activities is 52,112 acres. Under Alternative A, which is the proposed project and preferred alternative, 5,000 to 7,000 acres would be restored to fully functioning, selfsustaining tidal wetland and the remaining 44,000 to 46,000 acres of managed wetlands would be enhanced for levee stability and flood and drain capabilities. Alternative B and Alternative C would restore 2,000 to 4,000 acres and 7,000 to 9,000 acres of tidal wetland, respectively. Land suitable for restoration would be acquired only from willing sellers. Activities would include: breaching or lowering existing levees; upgrading or constructing new levees; grading pond bottoms; installing or replacing pipe, drain pumps, and platforms; replacing riprap and water control structures; installing alternate bank protection; constructing cofferdams; installing new fish screens; repairing or replacing salinity monitoring stations; and dredging from tidal sloughs. Over the 30-year SMP implementation period, it is expected that the exact habitat amount provided by restored areas will depend on the existing elevation of the site, sedimentation rates and accretion, and sea level rise. The amount of subtidal aquatic habitat is expected to decrease gradually as sediment accretes and emergent tidal vegetation is established at each restoration site. As this happens, the site will be restored to a tidal wetland. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Development of a regional plan would balance implementation of the CALFED Program, the Suisun Marsh Preservation Agreement, and other management and restoration programs in a manner responsive to the concerns of stakeholders and based upon voluntary participation by private landowners. Under the preferred plan, 5,000 to 7,000 acres would be restored as tidal wetlands and tidal aquatic habitat would increase by 250 to 1,050 acres. Fish habitat would be improved due to increased oxygen concentrations in tidal channels and shorebird and waterfowl populations would benefit from improved nesting and winter habitat. The potential for catastrophic flooding would be reduced. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would result in generation of construction-related emissions in excess of draft local standards associated with restoration and management activities and exposure of noise-sensitive land uses to noise from portable pump operations. Construction and dredging could damage pipelines and disrupt electrical, gas, or other energy supplies. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958 (P.L. 85-624), and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100435, Volume Ia--490 pages, Volume Ib--440 pages, Volume II (Appendices)--174 pages and maps, October 29, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 10 KW - Water KW - Agency number: DES 10-58 KW - Air Quality KW - Bank Protection KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Cultural Resources KW - Dikes KW - Dredging KW - Emissions KW - Emission Standards KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Flood Protection KW - Hydrologic Assessments KW - Municipal Services KW - Noise KW - Recreation Resources KW - Regulations KW - Salinity KW - Salinity Control KW - Saltwater Barriers KW - Sediment KW - Vegetation KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - California KW - Sacramento River KW - Suisun Marsh KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958, Compliance KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873133643?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-10-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SUISUN+MARSH+HABITAT+MANAGEMENT%2C+PRESERVATION%2C+AND+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+SOLANO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=SUISUN+MARSH+HABITAT+MANAGEMENT%2C+PRESERVATION%2C+AND+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+SOLANO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Sacramento, California; DOI N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: October 29, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SUISUN MARSH HABITAT MANAGEMENT, PRESERVATION, AND RESTORATION PLAN, SOLANO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. [Part 9 of 12] T2 - SUISUN MARSH HABITAT MANAGEMENT, PRESERVATION, AND RESTORATION PLAN, SOLANO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. AN - 873133642; 14705-5_0009 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a comprehensive plan to address conflicts regarding use of resources within Suisun Marsh, Solano County, California is proposed. The Suisun Habitat Management, Preservation, and Restoration Plan is intended to balance the benefits of tidal wetland restoration with other habitat uses in the Marsh by evaluating alternatives that provide an acceptable change in marshwide land uses, such as salt marsh harvest mouse habitat, managed wetlands, public use, and upland habitat. Suisun Marsh is the largest contiguous brackish water marsh remaining on the west coast of North America and is a critical part of the San Francisco Bay/Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta estuary ecosystem. It is home to public waterfowl hunting areas and 158 private duck clubs. The Marsh encompasses more than 10 percent of Californias remaining natural wetlands and serves as the resting and feeding ground for thousands of birds migrating on the Pacific Flyway and resident waterfowl. In addition, the Marsh provides important habitat for more than 221 bird species, 45 mammalian species, 16 different reptile and amphibian species, and more than 40 fish species. Suisun Marsh supports the states commercial salmon fishery by providing important tidal rearing areas for juvenile fish. Approximately 200 miles of levees in the Marsh contribute to managing salinity in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta. The Marshs large open space and proximity to urban areas make it ideally suited for wildlife viewing, hiking, canoeing, and other recreation opportunities. A group of local, state, and federal agencies with primary responsibility for Suisun Marsh management are pursuing the Suisun Marsh Plan (SMP), and this draft EIS describes three alternative 30-year plans, as well as a No Action Plan. These alternatives vary in the number of acres that would be restored to tidal wetlands and managed wetlands enhanced. The total amount of existing managed wetlands and uplands that could be affected by tidal restoration and managed wetland activities is 52,112 acres. Under Alternative A, which is the proposed project and preferred alternative, 5,000 to 7,000 acres would be restored to fully functioning, selfsustaining tidal wetland and the remaining 44,000 to 46,000 acres of managed wetlands would be enhanced for levee stability and flood and drain capabilities. Alternative B and Alternative C would restore 2,000 to 4,000 acres and 7,000 to 9,000 acres of tidal wetland, respectively. Land suitable for restoration would be acquired only from willing sellers. Activities would include: breaching or lowering existing levees; upgrading or constructing new levees; grading pond bottoms; installing or replacing pipe, drain pumps, and platforms; replacing riprap and water control structures; installing alternate bank protection; constructing cofferdams; installing new fish screens; repairing or replacing salinity monitoring stations; and dredging from tidal sloughs. Over the 30-year SMP implementation period, it is expected that the exact habitat amount provided by restored areas will depend on the existing elevation of the site, sedimentation rates and accretion, and sea level rise. The amount of subtidal aquatic habitat is expected to decrease gradually as sediment accretes and emergent tidal vegetation is established at each restoration site. As this happens, the site will be restored to a tidal wetland. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Development of a regional plan would balance implementation of the CALFED Program, the Suisun Marsh Preservation Agreement, and other management and restoration programs in a manner responsive to the concerns of stakeholders and based upon voluntary participation by private landowners. Under the preferred plan, 5,000 to 7,000 acres would be restored as tidal wetlands and tidal aquatic habitat would increase by 250 to 1,050 acres. Fish habitat would be improved due to increased oxygen concentrations in tidal channels and shorebird and waterfowl populations would benefit from improved nesting and winter habitat. The potential for catastrophic flooding would be reduced. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would result in generation of construction-related emissions in excess of draft local standards associated with restoration and management activities and exposure of noise-sensitive land uses to noise from portable pump operations. Construction and dredging could damage pipelines and disrupt electrical, gas, or other energy supplies. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958 (P.L. 85-624), and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100435, Volume Ia--490 pages, Volume Ib--440 pages, Volume II (Appendices)--174 pages and maps, October 29, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 9 KW - Water KW - Agency number: DES 10-58 KW - Air Quality KW - Bank Protection KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Cultural Resources KW - Dikes KW - Dredging KW - Emissions KW - Emission Standards KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Flood Protection KW - Hydrologic Assessments KW - Municipal Services KW - Noise KW - Recreation Resources KW - Regulations KW - Salinity KW - Salinity Control KW - Saltwater Barriers KW - Sediment KW - Vegetation KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - California KW - Sacramento River KW - Suisun Marsh KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958, Compliance KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873133642?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-10-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SUISUN+MARSH+HABITAT+MANAGEMENT%2C+PRESERVATION%2C+AND+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+SOLANO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=SUISUN+MARSH+HABITAT+MANAGEMENT%2C+PRESERVATION%2C+AND+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+SOLANO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Sacramento, California; DOI N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: October 29, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SUISUN MARSH HABITAT MANAGEMENT, PRESERVATION, AND RESTORATION PLAN, SOLANO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. [Part 8 of 12] T2 - SUISUN MARSH HABITAT MANAGEMENT, PRESERVATION, AND RESTORATION PLAN, SOLANO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. AN - 873133639; 14705-5_0008 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a comprehensive plan to address conflicts regarding use of resources within Suisun Marsh, Solano County, California is proposed. The Suisun Habitat Management, Preservation, and Restoration Plan is intended to balance the benefits of tidal wetland restoration with other habitat uses in the Marsh by evaluating alternatives that provide an acceptable change in marshwide land uses, such as salt marsh harvest mouse habitat, managed wetlands, public use, and upland habitat. Suisun Marsh is the largest contiguous brackish water marsh remaining on the west coast of North America and is a critical part of the San Francisco Bay/Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta estuary ecosystem. It is home to public waterfowl hunting areas and 158 private duck clubs. The Marsh encompasses more than 10 percent of Californias remaining natural wetlands and serves as the resting and feeding ground for thousands of birds migrating on the Pacific Flyway and resident waterfowl. In addition, the Marsh provides important habitat for more than 221 bird species, 45 mammalian species, 16 different reptile and amphibian species, and more than 40 fish species. Suisun Marsh supports the states commercial salmon fishery by providing important tidal rearing areas for juvenile fish. Approximately 200 miles of levees in the Marsh contribute to managing salinity in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta. The Marshs large open space and proximity to urban areas make it ideally suited for wildlife viewing, hiking, canoeing, and other recreation opportunities. A group of local, state, and federal agencies with primary responsibility for Suisun Marsh management are pursuing the Suisun Marsh Plan (SMP), and this draft EIS describes three alternative 30-year plans, as well as a No Action Plan. These alternatives vary in the number of acres that would be restored to tidal wetlands and managed wetlands enhanced. The total amount of existing managed wetlands and uplands that could be affected by tidal restoration and managed wetland activities is 52,112 acres. Under Alternative A, which is the proposed project and preferred alternative, 5,000 to 7,000 acres would be restored to fully functioning, selfsustaining tidal wetland and the remaining 44,000 to 46,000 acres of managed wetlands would be enhanced for levee stability and flood and drain capabilities. Alternative B and Alternative C would restore 2,000 to 4,000 acres and 7,000 to 9,000 acres of tidal wetland, respectively. Land suitable for restoration would be acquired only from willing sellers. Activities would include: breaching or lowering existing levees; upgrading or constructing new levees; grading pond bottoms; installing or replacing pipe, drain pumps, and platforms; replacing riprap and water control structures; installing alternate bank protection; constructing cofferdams; installing new fish screens; repairing or replacing salinity monitoring stations; and dredging from tidal sloughs. Over the 30-year SMP implementation period, it is expected that the exact habitat amount provided by restored areas will depend on the existing elevation of the site, sedimentation rates and accretion, and sea level rise. The amount of subtidal aquatic habitat is expected to decrease gradually as sediment accretes and emergent tidal vegetation is established at each restoration site. As this happens, the site will be restored to a tidal wetland. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Development of a regional plan would balance implementation of the CALFED Program, the Suisun Marsh Preservation Agreement, and other management and restoration programs in a manner responsive to the concerns of stakeholders and based upon voluntary participation by private landowners. Under the preferred plan, 5,000 to 7,000 acres would be restored as tidal wetlands and tidal aquatic habitat would increase by 250 to 1,050 acres. Fish habitat would be improved due to increased oxygen concentrations in tidal channels and shorebird and waterfowl populations would benefit from improved nesting and winter habitat. The potential for catastrophic flooding would be reduced. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would result in generation of construction-related emissions in excess of draft local standards associated with restoration and management activities and exposure of noise-sensitive land uses to noise from portable pump operations. Construction and dredging could damage pipelines and disrupt electrical, gas, or other energy supplies. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958 (P.L. 85-624), and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100435, Volume Ia--490 pages, Volume Ib--440 pages, Volume II (Appendices)--174 pages and maps, October 29, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 8 KW - Water KW - Agency number: DES 10-58 KW - Air Quality KW - Bank Protection KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Cultural Resources KW - Dikes KW - Dredging KW - Emissions KW - Emission Standards KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Flood Protection KW - Hydrologic Assessments KW - Municipal Services KW - Noise KW - Recreation Resources KW - Regulations KW - Salinity KW - Salinity Control KW - Saltwater Barriers KW - Sediment KW - Vegetation KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - California KW - Sacramento River KW - Suisun Marsh KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958, Compliance KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873133639?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-10-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SUISUN+MARSH+HABITAT+MANAGEMENT%2C+PRESERVATION%2C+AND+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+SOLANO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=SUISUN+MARSH+HABITAT+MANAGEMENT%2C+PRESERVATION%2C+AND+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+SOLANO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Sacramento, California; DOI N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: October 29, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SUISUN MARSH HABITAT MANAGEMENT, PRESERVATION, AND RESTORATION PLAN, SOLANO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. [Part 7 of 12] T2 - SUISUN MARSH HABITAT MANAGEMENT, PRESERVATION, AND RESTORATION PLAN, SOLANO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. AN - 873132007; 14705-5_0007 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a comprehensive plan to address conflicts regarding use of resources within Suisun Marsh, Solano County, California is proposed. The Suisun Habitat Management, Preservation, and Restoration Plan is intended to balance the benefits of tidal wetland restoration with other habitat uses in the Marsh by evaluating alternatives that provide an acceptable change in marshwide land uses, such as salt marsh harvest mouse habitat, managed wetlands, public use, and upland habitat. Suisun Marsh is the largest contiguous brackish water marsh remaining on the west coast of North America and is a critical part of the San Francisco Bay/Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta estuary ecosystem. It is home to public waterfowl hunting areas and 158 private duck clubs. The Marsh encompasses more than 10 percent of Californias remaining natural wetlands and serves as the resting and feeding ground for thousands of birds migrating on the Pacific Flyway and resident waterfowl. In addition, the Marsh provides important habitat for more than 221 bird species, 45 mammalian species, 16 different reptile and amphibian species, and more than 40 fish species. Suisun Marsh supports the states commercial salmon fishery by providing important tidal rearing areas for juvenile fish. Approximately 200 miles of levees in the Marsh contribute to managing salinity in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta. The Marshs large open space and proximity to urban areas make it ideally suited for wildlife viewing, hiking, canoeing, and other recreation opportunities. A group of local, state, and federal agencies with primary responsibility for Suisun Marsh management are pursuing the Suisun Marsh Plan (SMP), and this draft EIS describes three alternative 30-year plans, as well as a No Action Plan. These alternatives vary in the number of acres that would be restored to tidal wetlands and managed wetlands enhanced. The total amount of existing managed wetlands and uplands that could be affected by tidal restoration and managed wetland activities is 52,112 acres. Under Alternative A, which is the proposed project and preferred alternative, 5,000 to 7,000 acres would be restored to fully functioning, selfsustaining tidal wetland and the remaining 44,000 to 46,000 acres of managed wetlands would be enhanced for levee stability and flood and drain capabilities. Alternative B and Alternative C would restore 2,000 to 4,000 acres and 7,000 to 9,000 acres of tidal wetland, respectively. Land suitable for restoration would be acquired only from willing sellers. Activities would include: breaching or lowering existing levees; upgrading or constructing new levees; grading pond bottoms; installing or replacing pipe, drain pumps, and platforms; replacing riprap and water control structures; installing alternate bank protection; constructing cofferdams; installing new fish screens; repairing or replacing salinity monitoring stations; and dredging from tidal sloughs. Over the 30-year SMP implementation period, it is expected that the exact habitat amount provided by restored areas will depend on the existing elevation of the site, sedimentation rates and accretion, and sea level rise. The amount of subtidal aquatic habitat is expected to decrease gradually as sediment accretes and emergent tidal vegetation is established at each restoration site. As this happens, the site will be restored to a tidal wetland. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Development of a regional plan would balance implementation of the CALFED Program, the Suisun Marsh Preservation Agreement, and other management and restoration programs in a manner responsive to the concerns of stakeholders and based upon voluntary participation by private landowners. Under the preferred plan, 5,000 to 7,000 acres would be restored as tidal wetlands and tidal aquatic habitat would increase by 250 to 1,050 acres. Fish habitat would be improved due to increased oxygen concentrations in tidal channels and shorebird and waterfowl populations would benefit from improved nesting and winter habitat. The potential for catastrophic flooding would be reduced. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would result in generation of construction-related emissions in excess of draft local standards associated with restoration and management activities and exposure of noise-sensitive land uses to noise from portable pump operations. Construction and dredging could damage pipelines and disrupt electrical, gas, or other energy supplies. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958 (P.L. 85-624), and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100435, Volume Ia--490 pages, Volume Ib--440 pages, Volume II (Appendices)--174 pages and maps, October 29, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 7 KW - Water KW - Agency number: DES 10-58 KW - Air Quality KW - Bank Protection KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Cultural Resources KW - Dikes KW - Dredging KW - Emissions KW - Emission Standards KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Flood Protection KW - Hydrologic Assessments KW - Municipal Services KW - Noise KW - Recreation Resources KW - Regulations KW - Salinity KW - Salinity Control KW - Saltwater Barriers KW - Sediment KW - Vegetation KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - California KW - Sacramento River KW - Suisun Marsh KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958, Compliance KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873132007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-10-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SUISUN+MARSH+HABITAT+MANAGEMENT%2C+PRESERVATION%2C+AND+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+SOLANO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=SUISUN+MARSH+HABITAT+MANAGEMENT%2C+PRESERVATION%2C+AND+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+SOLANO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Sacramento, California; DOI N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: October 29, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SUISUN MARSH HABITAT MANAGEMENT, PRESERVATION, AND RESTORATION PLAN, SOLANO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. [Part 6 of 12] T2 - SUISUN MARSH HABITAT MANAGEMENT, PRESERVATION, AND RESTORATION PLAN, SOLANO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. AN - 873132003; 14705-5_0006 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a comprehensive plan to address conflicts regarding use of resources within Suisun Marsh, Solano County, California is proposed. The Suisun Habitat Management, Preservation, and Restoration Plan is intended to balance the benefits of tidal wetland restoration with other habitat uses in the Marsh by evaluating alternatives that provide an acceptable change in marshwide land uses, such as salt marsh harvest mouse habitat, managed wetlands, public use, and upland habitat. Suisun Marsh is the largest contiguous brackish water marsh remaining on the west coast of North America and is a critical part of the San Francisco Bay/Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta estuary ecosystem. It is home to public waterfowl hunting areas and 158 private duck clubs. The Marsh encompasses more than 10 percent of Californias remaining natural wetlands and serves as the resting and feeding ground for thousands of birds migrating on the Pacific Flyway and resident waterfowl. In addition, the Marsh provides important habitat for more than 221 bird species, 45 mammalian species, 16 different reptile and amphibian species, and more than 40 fish species. Suisun Marsh supports the states commercial salmon fishery by providing important tidal rearing areas for juvenile fish. Approximately 200 miles of levees in the Marsh contribute to managing salinity in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta. The Marshs large open space and proximity to urban areas make it ideally suited for wildlife viewing, hiking, canoeing, and other recreation opportunities. A group of local, state, and federal agencies with primary responsibility for Suisun Marsh management are pursuing the Suisun Marsh Plan (SMP), and this draft EIS describes three alternative 30-year plans, as well as a No Action Plan. These alternatives vary in the number of acres that would be restored to tidal wetlands and managed wetlands enhanced. The total amount of existing managed wetlands and uplands that could be affected by tidal restoration and managed wetland activities is 52,112 acres. Under Alternative A, which is the proposed project and preferred alternative, 5,000 to 7,000 acres would be restored to fully functioning, selfsustaining tidal wetland and the remaining 44,000 to 46,000 acres of managed wetlands would be enhanced for levee stability and flood and drain capabilities. Alternative B and Alternative C would restore 2,000 to 4,000 acres and 7,000 to 9,000 acres of tidal wetland, respectively. Land suitable for restoration would be acquired only from willing sellers. Activities would include: breaching or lowering existing levees; upgrading or constructing new levees; grading pond bottoms; installing or replacing pipe, drain pumps, and platforms; replacing riprap and water control structures; installing alternate bank protection; constructing cofferdams; installing new fish screens; repairing or replacing salinity monitoring stations; and dredging from tidal sloughs. Over the 30-year SMP implementation period, it is expected that the exact habitat amount provided by restored areas will depend on the existing elevation of the site, sedimentation rates and accretion, and sea level rise. The amount of subtidal aquatic habitat is expected to decrease gradually as sediment accretes and emergent tidal vegetation is established at each restoration site. As this happens, the site will be restored to a tidal wetland. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Development of a regional plan would balance implementation of the CALFED Program, the Suisun Marsh Preservation Agreement, and other management and restoration programs in a manner responsive to the concerns of stakeholders and based upon voluntary participation by private landowners. Under the preferred plan, 5,000 to 7,000 acres would be restored as tidal wetlands and tidal aquatic habitat would increase by 250 to 1,050 acres. Fish habitat would be improved due to increased oxygen concentrations in tidal channels and shorebird and waterfowl populations would benefit from improved nesting and winter habitat. The potential for catastrophic flooding would be reduced. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would result in generation of construction-related emissions in excess of draft local standards associated with restoration and management activities and exposure of noise-sensitive land uses to noise from portable pump operations. Construction and dredging could damage pipelines and disrupt electrical, gas, or other energy supplies. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958 (P.L. 85-624), and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100435, Volume Ia--490 pages, Volume Ib--440 pages, Volume II (Appendices)--174 pages and maps, October 29, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 6 KW - Water KW - Agency number: DES 10-58 KW - Air Quality KW - Bank Protection KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Cultural Resources KW - Dikes KW - Dredging KW - Emissions KW - Emission Standards KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Flood Protection KW - Hydrologic Assessments KW - Municipal Services KW - Noise KW - Recreation Resources KW - Regulations KW - Salinity KW - Salinity Control KW - Saltwater Barriers KW - Sediment KW - Vegetation KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - California KW - Sacramento River KW - Suisun Marsh KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958, Compliance KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873132003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-10-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SUISUN+MARSH+HABITAT+MANAGEMENT%2C+PRESERVATION%2C+AND+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+SOLANO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=SUISUN+MARSH+HABITAT+MANAGEMENT%2C+PRESERVATION%2C+AND+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+SOLANO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Sacramento, California; DOI N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: October 29, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SUISUN MARSH HABITAT MANAGEMENT, PRESERVATION, AND RESTORATION PLAN, SOLANO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. [Part 5 of 12] T2 - SUISUN MARSH HABITAT MANAGEMENT, PRESERVATION, AND RESTORATION PLAN, SOLANO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. AN - 873131997; 14705-5_0005 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a comprehensive plan to address conflicts regarding use of resources within Suisun Marsh, Solano County, California is proposed. The Suisun Habitat Management, Preservation, and Restoration Plan is intended to balance the benefits of tidal wetland restoration with other habitat uses in the Marsh by evaluating alternatives that provide an acceptable change in marshwide land uses, such as salt marsh harvest mouse habitat, managed wetlands, public use, and upland habitat. Suisun Marsh is the largest contiguous brackish water marsh remaining on the west coast of North America and is a critical part of the San Francisco Bay/Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta estuary ecosystem. It is home to public waterfowl hunting areas and 158 private duck clubs. The Marsh encompasses more than 10 percent of Californias remaining natural wetlands and serves as the resting and feeding ground for thousands of birds migrating on the Pacific Flyway and resident waterfowl. In addition, the Marsh provides important habitat for more than 221 bird species, 45 mammalian species, 16 different reptile and amphibian species, and more than 40 fish species. Suisun Marsh supports the states commercial salmon fishery by providing important tidal rearing areas for juvenile fish. Approximately 200 miles of levees in the Marsh contribute to managing salinity in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta. The Marshs large open space and proximity to urban areas make it ideally suited for wildlife viewing, hiking, canoeing, and other recreation opportunities. A group of local, state, and federal agencies with primary responsibility for Suisun Marsh management are pursuing the Suisun Marsh Plan (SMP), and this draft EIS describes three alternative 30-year plans, as well as a No Action Plan. These alternatives vary in the number of acres that would be restored to tidal wetlands and managed wetlands enhanced. The total amount of existing managed wetlands and uplands that could be affected by tidal restoration and managed wetland activities is 52,112 acres. Under Alternative A, which is the proposed project and preferred alternative, 5,000 to 7,000 acres would be restored to fully functioning, selfsustaining tidal wetland and the remaining 44,000 to 46,000 acres of managed wetlands would be enhanced for levee stability and flood and drain capabilities. Alternative B and Alternative C would restore 2,000 to 4,000 acres and 7,000 to 9,000 acres of tidal wetland, respectively. Land suitable for restoration would be acquired only from willing sellers. Activities would include: breaching or lowering existing levees; upgrading or constructing new levees; grading pond bottoms; installing or replacing pipe, drain pumps, and platforms; replacing riprap and water control structures; installing alternate bank protection; constructing cofferdams; installing new fish screens; repairing or replacing salinity monitoring stations; and dredging from tidal sloughs. Over the 30-year SMP implementation period, it is expected that the exact habitat amount provided by restored areas will depend on the existing elevation of the site, sedimentation rates and accretion, and sea level rise. The amount of subtidal aquatic habitat is expected to decrease gradually as sediment accretes and emergent tidal vegetation is established at each restoration site. As this happens, the site will be restored to a tidal wetland. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Development of a regional plan would balance implementation of the CALFED Program, the Suisun Marsh Preservation Agreement, and other management and restoration programs in a manner responsive to the concerns of stakeholders and based upon voluntary participation by private landowners. Under the preferred plan, 5,000 to 7,000 acres would be restored as tidal wetlands and tidal aquatic habitat would increase by 250 to 1,050 acres. Fish habitat would be improved due to increased oxygen concentrations in tidal channels and shorebird and waterfowl populations would benefit from improved nesting and winter habitat. The potential for catastrophic flooding would be reduced. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would result in generation of construction-related emissions in excess of draft local standards associated with restoration and management activities and exposure of noise-sensitive land uses to noise from portable pump operations. Construction and dredging could damage pipelines and disrupt electrical, gas, or other energy supplies. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958 (P.L. 85-624), and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100435, Volume Ia--490 pages, Volume Ib--440 pages, Volume II (Appendices)--174 pages and maps, October 29, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 5 KW - Water KW - Agency number: DES 10-58 KW - Air Quality KW - Bank Protection KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Cultural Resources KW - Dikes KW - Dredging KW - Emissions KW - Emission Standards KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Flood Protection KW - Hydrologic Assessments KW - Municipal Services KW - Noise KW - Recreation Resources KW - Regulations KW - Salinity KW - Salinity Control KW - Saltwater Barriers KW - Sediment KW - Vegetation KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - California KW - Sacramento River KW - Suisun Marsh KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958, Compliance KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873131997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-10-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SUISUN+MARSH+HABITAT+MANAGEMENT%2C+PRESERVATION%2C+AND+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+SOLANO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=SUISUN+MARSH+HABITAT+MANAGEMENT%2C+PRESERVATION%2C+AND+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+SOLANO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Sacramento, California; DOI N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: October 29, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SUISUN MARSH HABITAT MANAGEMENT, PRESERVATION, AND RESTORATION PLAN, SOLANO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. [Part 4 of 12] T2 - SUISUN MARSH HABITAT MANAGEMENT, PRESERVATION, AND RESTORATION PLAN, SOLANO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. AN - 873130457; 14705-5_0004 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a comprehensive plan to address conflicts regarding use of resources within Suisun Marsh, Solano County, California is proposed. The Suisun Habitat Management, Preservation, and Restoration Plan is intended to balance the benefits of tidal wetland restoration with other habitat uses in the Marsh by evaluating alternatives that provide an acceptable change in marshwide land uses, such as salt marsh harvest mouse habitat, managed wetlands, public use, and upland habitat. Suisun Marsh is the largest contiguous brackish water marsh remaining on the west coast of North America and is a critical part of the San Francisco Bay/Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta estuary ecosystem. It is home to public waterfowl hunting areas and 158 private duck clubs. The Marsh encompasses more than 10 percent of Californias remaining natural wetlands and serves as the resting and feeding ground for thousands of birds migrating on the Pacific Flyway and resident waterfowl. In addition, the Marsh provides important habitat for more than 221 bird species, 45 mammalian species, 16 different reptile and amphibian species, and more than 40 fish species. Suisun Marsh supports the states commercial salmon fishery by providing important tidal rearing areas for juvenile fish. Approximately 200 miles of levees in the Marsh contribute to managing salinity in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta. The Marshs large open space and proximity to urban areas make it ideally suited for wildlife viewing, hiking, canoeing, and other recreation opportunities. A group of local, state, and federal agencies with primary responsibility for Suisun Marsh management are pursuing the Suisun Marsh Plan (SMP), and this draft EIS describes three alternative 30-year plans, as well as a No Action Plan. These alternatives vary in the number of acres that would be restored to tidal wetlands and managed wetlands enhanced. The total amount of existing managed wetlands and uplands that could be affected by tidal restoration and managed wetland activities is 52,112 acres. Under Alternative A, which is the proposed project and preferred alternative, 5,000 to 7,000 acres would be restored to fully functioning, selfsustaining tidal wetland and the remaining 44,000 to 46,000 acres of managed wetlands would be enhanced for levee stability and flood and drain capabilities. Alternative B and Alternative C would restore 2,000 to 4,000 acres and 7,000 to 9,000 acres of tidal wetland, respectively. Land suitable for restoration would be acquired only from willing sellers. Activities would include: breaching or lowering existing levees; upgrading or constructing new levees; grading pond bottoms; installing or replacing pipe, drain pumps, and platforms; replacing riprap and water control structures; installing alternate bank protection; constructing cofferdams; installing new fish screens; repairing or replacing salinity monitoring stations; and dredging from tidal sloughs. Over the 30-year SMP implementation period, it is expected that the exact habitat amount provided by restored areas will depend on the existing elevation of the site, sedimentation rates and accretion, and sea level rise. The amount of subtidal aquatic habitat is expected to decrease gradually as sediment accretes and emergent tidal vegetation is established at each restoration site. As this happens, the site will be restored to a tidal wetland. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Development of a regional plan would balance implementation of the CALFED Program, the Suisun Marsh Preservation Agreement, and other management and restoration programs in a manner responsive to the concerns of stakeholders and based upon voluntary participation by private landowners. Under the preferred plan, 5,000 to 7,000 acres would be restored as tidal wetlands and tidal aquatic habitat would increase by 250 to 1,050 acres. Fish habitat would be improved due to increased oxygen concentrations in tidal channels and shorebird and waterfowl populations would benefit from improved nesting and winter habitat. The potential for catastrophic flooding would be reduced. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would result in generation of construction-related emissions in excess of draft local standards associated with restoration and management activities and exposure of noise-sensitive land uses to noise from portable pump operations. Construction and dredging could damage pipelines and disrupt electrical, gas, or other energy supplies. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958 (P.L. 85-624), and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100435, Volume Ia--490 pages, Volume Ib--440 pages, Volume II (Appendices)--174 pages and maps, October 29, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 4 KW - Water KW - Agency number: DES 10-58 KW - Air Quality KW - Bank Protection KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Cultural Resources KW - Dikes KW - Dredging KW - Emissions KW - Emission Standards KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Flood Protection KW - Hydrologic Assessments KW - Municipal Services KW - Noise KW - Recreation Resources KW - Regulations KW - Salinity KW - Salinity Control KW - Saltwater Barriers KW - Sediment KW - Vegetation KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - California KW - Sacramento River KW - Suisun Marsh KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958, Compliance KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873130457?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-10-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SUISUN+MARSH+HABITAT+MANAGEMENT%2C+PRESERVATION%2C+AND+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+SOLANO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=SUISUN+MARSH+HABITAT+MANAGEMENT%2C+PRESERVATION%2C+AND+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+SOLANO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Sacramento, California; DOI N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: October 29, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SUISUN MARSH HABITAT MANAGEMENT, PRESERVATION, AND RESTORATION PLAN, SOLANO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. [Part 3 of 12] T2 - SUISUN MARSH HABITAT MANAGEMENT, PRESERVATION, AND RESTORATION PLAN, SOLANO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. AN - 873130442; 14705-5_0003 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a comprehensive plan to address conflicts regarding use of resources within Suisun Marsh, Solano County, California is proposed. The Suisun Habitat Management, Preservation, and Restoration Plan is intended to balance the benefits of tidal wetland restoration with other habitat uses in the Marsh by evaluating alternatives that provide an acceptable change in marshwide land uses, such as salt marsh harvest mouse habitat, managed wetlands, public use, and upland habitat. Suisun Marsh is the largest contiguous brackish water marsh remaining on the west coast of North America and is a critical part of the San Francisco Bay/Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta estuary ecosystem. It is home to public waterfowl hunting areas and 158 private duck clubs. The Marsh encompasses more than 10 percent of Californias remaining natural wetlands and serves as the resting and feeding ground for thousands of birds migrating on the Pacific Flyway and resident waterfowl. In addition, the Marsh provides important habitat for more than 221 bird species, 45 mammalian species, 16 different reptile and amphibian species, and more than 40 fish species. Suisun Marsh supports the states commercial salmon fishery by providing important tidal rearing areas for juvenile fish. Approximately 200 miles of levees in the Marsh contribute to managing salinity in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta. The Marshs large open space and proximity to urban areas make it ideally suited for wildlife viewing, hiking, canoeing, and other recreation opportunities. A group of local, state, and federal agencies with primary responsibility for Suisun Marsh management are pursuing the Suisun Marsh Plan (SMP), and this draft EIS describes three alternative 30-year plans, as well as a No Action Plan. These alternatives vary in the number of acres that would be restored to tidal wetlands and managed wetlands enhanced. The total amount of existing managed wetlands and uplands that could be affected by tidal restoration and managed wetland activities is 52,112 acres. Under Alternative A, which is the proposed project and preferred alternative, 5,000 to 7,000 acres would be restored to fully functioning, selfsustaining tidal wetland and the remaining 44,000 to 46,000 acres of managed wetlands would be enhanced for levee stability and flood and drain capabilities. Alternative B and Alternative C would restore 2,000 to 4,000 acres and 7,000 to 9,000 acres of tidal wetland, respectively. Land suitable for restoration would be acquired only from willing sellers. Activities would include: breaching or lowering existing levees; upgrading or constructing new levees; grading pond bottoms; installing or replacing pipe, drain pumps, and platforms; replacing riprap and water control structures; installing alternate bank protection; constructing cofferdams; installing new fish screens; repairing or replacing salinity monitoring stations; and dredging from tidal sloughs. Over the 30-year SMP implementation period, it is expected that the exact habitat amount provided by restored areas will depend on the existing elevation of the site, sedimentation rates and accretion, and sea level rise. The amount of subtidal aquatic habitat is expected to decrease gradually as sediment accretes and emergent tidal vegetation is established at each restoration site. As this happens, the site will be restored to a tidal wetland. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Development of a regional plan would balance implementation of the CALFED Program, the Suisun Marsh Preservation Agreement, and other management and restoration programs in a manner responsive to the concerns of stakeholders and based upon voluntary participation by private landowners. Under the preferred plan, 5,000 to 7,000 acres would be restored as tidal wetlands and tidal aquatic habitat would increase by 250 to 1,050 acres. Fish habitat would be improved due to increased oxygen concentrations in tidal channels and shorebird and waterfowl populations would benefit from improved nesting and winter habitat. The potential for catastrophic flooding would be reduced. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would result in generation of construction-related emissions in excess of draft local standards associated with restoration and management activities and exposure of noise-sensitive land uses to noise from portable pump operations. Construction and dredging could damage pipelines and disrupt electrical, gas, or other energy supplies. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958 (P.L. 85-624), and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100435, Volume Ia--490 pages, Volume Ib--440 pages, Volume II (Appendices)--174 pages and maps, October 29, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 3 KW - Water KW - Agency number: DES 10-58 KW - Air Quality KW - Bank Protection KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Cultural Resources KW - Dikes KW - Dredging KW - Emissions KW - Emission Standards KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Flood Protection KW - Hydrologic Assessments KW - Municipal Services KW - Noise KW - Recreation Resources KW - Regulations KW - Salinity KW - Salinity Control KW - Saltwater Barriers KW - Sediment KW - Vegetation KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - California KW - Sacramento River KW - Suisun Marsh KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958, Compliance KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873130442?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-10-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SUISUN+MARSH+HABITAT+MANAGEMENT%2C+PRESERVATION%2C+AND+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+SOLANO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=SUISUN+MARSH+HABITAT+MANAGEMENT%2C+PRESERVATION%2C+AND+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+SOLANO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Sacramento, California; DOI N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: October 29, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SUISUN MARSH HABITAT MANAGEMENT, PRESERVATION, AND RESTORATION PLAN, SOLANO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. [Part 2 of 12] T2 - SUISUN MARSH HABITAT MANAGEMENT, PRESERVATION, AND RESTORATION PLAN, SOLANO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. AN - 873130182; 14705-5_0002 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a comprehensive plan to address conflicts regarding use of resources within Suisun Marsh, Solano County, California is proposed. The Suisun Habitat Management, Preservation, and Restoration Plan is intended to balance the benefits of tidal wetland restoration with other habitat uses in the Marsh by evaluating alternatives that provide an acceptable change in marshwide land uses, such as salt marsh harvest mouse habitat, managed wetlands, public use, and upland habitat. Suisun Marsh is the largest contiguous brackish water marsh remaining on the west coast of North America and is a critical part of the San Francisco Bay/Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta estuary ecosystem. It is home to public waterfowl hunting areas and 158 private duck clubs. The Marsh encompasses more than 10 percent of Californias remaining natural wetlands and serves as the resting and feeding ground for thousands of birds migrating on the Pacific Flyway and resident waterfowl. In addition, the Marsh provides important habitat for more than 221 bird species, 45 mammalian species, 16 different reptile and amphibian species, and more than 40 fish species. Suisun Marsh supports the states commercial salmon fishery by providing important tidal rearing areas for juvenile fish. Approximately 200 miles of levees in the Marsh contribute to managing salinity in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta. The Marshs large open space and proximity to urban areas make it ideally suited for wildlife viewing, hiking, canoeing, and other recreation opportunities. A group of local, state, and federal agencies with primary responsibility for Suisun Marsh management are pursuing the Suisun Marsh Plan (SMP), and this draft EIS describes three alternative 30-year plans, as well as a No Action Plan. These alternatives vary in the number of acres that would be restored to tidal wetlands and managed wetlands enhanced. The total amount of existing managed wetlands and uplands that could be affected by tidal restoration and managed wetland activities is 52,112 acres. Under Alternative A, which is the proposed project and preferred alternative, 5,000 to 7,000 acres would be restored to fully functioning, selfsustaining tidal wetland and the remaining 44,000 to 46,000 acres of managed wetlands would be enhanced for levee stability and flood and drain capabilities. Alternative B and Alternative C would restore 2,000 to 4,000 acres and 7,000 to 9,000 acres of tidal wetland, respectively. Land suitable for restoration would be acquired only from willing sellers. Activities would include: breaching or lowering existing levees; upgrading or constructing new levees; grading pond bottoms; installing or replacing pipe, drain pumps, and platforms; replacing riprap and water control structures; installing alternate bank protection; constructing cofferdams; installing new fish screens; repairing or replacing salinity monitoring stations; and dredging from tidal sloughs. Over the 30-year SMP implementation period, it is expected that the exact habitat amount provided by restored areas will depend on the existing elevation of the site, sedimentation rates and accretion, and sea level rise. The amount of subtidal aquatic habitat is expected to decrease gradually as sediment accretes and emergent tidal vegetation is established at each restoration site. As this happens, the site will be restored to a tidal wetland. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Development of a regional plan would balance implementation of the CALFED Program, the Suisun Marsh Preservation Agreement, and other management and restoration programs in a manner responsive to the concerns of stakeholders and based upon voluntary participation by private landowners. Under the preferred plan, 5,000 to 7,000 acres would be restored as tidal wetlands and tidal aquatic habitat would increase by 250 to 1,050 acres. Fish habitat would be improved due to increased oxygen concentrations in tidal channels and shorebird and waterfowl populations would benefit from improved nesting and winter habitat. The potential for catastrophic flooding would be reduced. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would result in generation of construction-related emissions in excess of draft local standards associated with restoration and management activities and exposure of noise-sensitive land uses to noise from portable pump operations. Construction and dredging could damage pipelines and disrupt electrical, gas, or other energy supplies. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958 (P.L. 85-624), and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100435, Volume Ia--490 pages, Volume Ib--440 pages, Volume II (Appendices)--174 pages and maps, October 29, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 2 KW - Water KW - Agency number: DES 10-58 KW - Air Quality KW - Bank Protection KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Cultural Resources KW - Dikes KW - Dredging KW - Emissions KW - Emission Standards KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Flood Protection KW - Hydrologic Assessments KW - Municipal Services KW - Noise KW - Recreation Resources KW - Regulations KW - Salinity KW - Salinity Control KW - Saltwater Barriers KW - Sediment KW - Vegetation KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - California KW - Sacramento River KW - Suisun Marsh KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958, Compliance KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873130182?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-10-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SUISUN+MARSH+HABITAT+MANAGEMENT%2C+PRESERVATION%2C+AND+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+SOLANO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=SUISUN+MARSH+HABITAT+MANAGEMENT%2C+PRESERVATION%2C+AND+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+SOLANO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Sacramento, California; DOI N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: October 29, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SUISUN MARSH HABITAT MANAGEMENT, PRESERVATION, AND RESTORATION PLAN, SOLANO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. [Part 1 of 12] T2 - SUISUN MARSH HABITAT MANAGEMENT, PRESERVATION, AND RESTORATION PLAN, SOLANO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. AN - 873130149; 14705-5_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a comprehensive plan to address conflicts regarding use of resources within Suisun Marsh, Solano County, California is proposed. The Suisun Habitat Management, Preservation, and Restoration Plan is intended to balance the benefits of tidal wetland restoration with other habitat uses in the Marsh by evaluating alternatives that provide an acceptable change in marshwide land uses, such as salt marsh harvest mouse habitat, managed wetlands, public use, and upland habitat. Suisun Marsh is the largest contiguous brackish water marsh remaining on the west coast of North America and is a critical part of the San Francisco Bay/Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta estuary ecosystem. It is home to public waterfowl hunting areas and 158 private duck clubs. The Marsh encompasses more than 10 percent of Californias remaining natural wetlands and serves as the resting and feeding ground for thousands of birds migrating on the Pacific Flyway and resident waterfowl. In addition, the Marsh provides important habitat for more than 221 bird species, 45 mammalian species, 16 different reptile and amphibian species, and more than 40 fish species. Suisun Marsh supports the states commercial salmon fishery by providing important tidal rearing areas for juvenile fish. Approximately 200 miles of levees in the Marsh contribute to managing salinity in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta. The Marshs large open space and proximity to urban areas make it ideally suited for wildlife viewing, hiking, canoeing, and other recreation opportunities. A group of local, state, and federal agencies with primary responsibility for Suisun Marsh management are pursuing the Suisun Marsh Plan (SMP), and this draft EIS describes three alternative 30-year plans, as well as a No Action Plan. These alternatives vary in the number of acres that would be restored to tidal wetlands and managed wetlands enhanced. The total amount of existing managed wetlands and uplands that could be affected by tidal restoration and managed wetland activities is 52,112 acres. Under Alternative A, which is the proposed project and preferred alternative, 5,000 to 7,000 acres would be restored to fully functioning, selfsustaining tidal wetland and the remaining 44,000 to 46,000 acres of managed wetlands would be enhanced for levee stability and flood and drain capabilities. Alternative B and Alternative C would restore 2,000 to 4,000 acres and 7,000 to 9,000 acres of tidal wetland, respectively. Land suitable for restoration would be acquired only from willing sellers. Activities would include: breaching or lowering existing levees; upgrading or constructing new levees; grading pond bottoms; installing or replacing pipe, drain pumps, and platforms; replacing riprap and water control structures; installing alternate bank protection; constructing cofferdams; installing new fish screens; repairing or replacing salinity monitoring stations; and dredging from tidal sloughs. Over the 30-year SMP implementation period, it is expected that the exact habitat amount provided by restored areas will depend on the existing elevation of the site, sedimentation rates and accretion, and sea level rise. The amount of subtidal aquatic habitat is expected to decrease gradually as sediment accretes and emergent tidal vegetation is established at each restoration site. As this happens, the site will be restored to a tidal wetland. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Development of a regional plan would balance implementation of the CALFED Program, the Suisun Marsh Preservation Agreement, and other management and restoration programs in a manner responsive to the concerns of stakeholders and based upon voluntary participation by private landowners. Under the preferred plan, 5,000 to 7,000 acres would be restored as tidal wetlands and tidal aquatic habitat would increase by 250 to 1,050 acres. Fish habitat would be improved due to increased oxygen concentrations in tidal channels and shorebird and waterfowl populations would benefit from improved nesting and winter habitat. The potential for catastrophic flooding would be reduced. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would result in generation of construction-related emissions in excess of draft local standards associated with restoration and management activities and exposure of noise-sensitive land uses to noise from portable pump operations. Construction and dredging could damage pipelines and disrupt electrical, gas, or other energy supplies. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958 (P.L. 85-624), and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100435, Volume Ia--490 pages, Volume Ib--440 pages, Volume II (Appendices)--174 pages and maps, October 29, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 1 KW - Water KW - Agency number: DES 10-58 KW - Air Quality KW - Bank Protection KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Cultural Resources KW - Dikes KW - Dredging KW - Emissions KW - Emission Standards KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Flood Protection KW - Hydrologic Assessments KW - Municipal Services KW - Noise KW - Recreation Resources KW - Regulations KW - Salinity KW - Salinity Control KW - Saltwater Barriers KW - Sediment KW - Vegetation KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - California KW - Sacramento River KW - Suisun Marsh KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958, Compliance KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873130149?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-10-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SUISUN+MARSH+HABITAT+MANAGEMENT%2C+PRESERVATION%2C+AND+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+SOLANO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=SUISUN+MARSH+HABITAT+MANAGEMENT%2C+PRESERVATION%2C+AND+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+SOLANO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Sacramento, California; DOI N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: October 29, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - SUISUN MARSH HABITAT MANAGEMENT, PRESERVATION, AND RESTORATION PLAN, SOLANO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. AN - 818791529; 14705 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a comprehensive plan to address conflicts regarding use of resources within Suisun Marsh, Solano County, California is proposed. The Suisun Habitat Management, Preservation, and Restoration Plan is intended to balance the benefits of tidal wetland restoration with other habitat uses in the Marsh by evaluating alternatives that provide an acceptable change in marshwide land uses, such as salt marsh harvest mouse habitat, managed wetlands, public use, and upland habitat. Suisun Marsh is the largest contiguous brackish water marsh remaining on the west coast of North America and is a critical part of the San Francisco Bay/Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta estuary ecosystem. It is home to public waterfowl hunting areas and 158 private duck clubs. The Marsh encompasses more than 10 percent of Californias remaining natural wetlands and serves as the resting and feeding ground for thousands of birds migrating on the Pacific Flyway and resident waterfowl. In addition, the Marsh provides important habitat for more than 221 bird species, 45 mammalian species, 16 different reptile and amphibian species, and more than 40 fish species. Suisun Marsh supports the states commercial salmon fishery by providing important tidal rearing areas for juvenile fish. Approximately 200 miles of levees in the Marsh contribute to managing salinity in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta. The Marshs large open space and proximity to urban areas make it ideally suited for wildlife viewing, hiking, canoeing, and other recreation opportunities. A group of local, state, and federal agencies with primary responsibility for Suisun Marsh management are pursuing the Suisun Marsh Plan (SMP), and this draft EIS describes three alternative 30-year plans, as well as a No Action Plan. These alternatives vary in the number of acres that would be restored to tidal wetlands and managed wetlands enhanced. The total amount of existing managed wetlands and uplands that could be affected by tidal restoration and managed wetland activities is 52,112 acres. Under Alternative A, which is the proposed project and preferred alternative, 5,000 to 7,000 acres would be restored to fully functioning, selfsustaining tidal wetland and the remaining 44,000 to 46,000 acres of managed wetlands would be enhanced for levee stability and flood and drain capabilities. Alternative B and Alternative C would restore 2,000 to 4,000 acres and 7,000 to 9,000 acres of tidal wetland, respectively. Land suitable for restoration would be acquired only from willing sellers. Activities would include: breaching or lowering existing levees; upgrading or constructing new levees; grading pond bottoms; installing or replacing pipe, drain pumps, and platforms; replacing riprap and water control structures; installing alternate bank protection; constructing cofferdams; installing new fish screens; repairing or replacing salinity monitoring stations; and dredging from tidal sloughs. Over the 30-year SMP implementation period, it is expected that the exact habitat amount provided by restored areas will depend on the existing elevation of the site, sedimentation rates and accretion, and sea level rise. The amount of subtidal aquatic habitat is expected to decrease gradually as sediment accretes and emergent tidal vegetation is established at each restoration site. As this happens, the site will be restored to a tidal wetland. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Development of a regional plan would balance implementation of the CALFED Program, the Suisun Marsh Preservation Agreement, and other management and restoration programs in a manner responsive to the concerns of stakeholders and based upon voluntary participation by private landowners. Under the preferred plan, 5,000 to 7,000 acres would be restored as tidal wetlands and tidal aquatic habitat would increase by 250 to 1,050 acres. Fish habitat would be improved due to increased oxygen concentrations in tidal channels and shorebird and waterfowl populations would benefit from improved nesting and winter habitat. The potential for catastrophic flooding would be reduced. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would result in generation of construction-related emissions in excess of draft local standards associated with restoration and management activities and exposure of noise-sensitive land uses to noise from portable pump operations. Construction and dredging could damage pipelines and disrupt electrical, gas, or other energy supplies. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958 (P.L. 85-624), and River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100435, Volume Ia--490 pages, Volume Ib--440 pages, Volume II (Appendices)--174 pages and maps, October 29, 2010 PY - 2010 KW - Water KW - Agency number: DES 10-58 KW - Air Quality KW - Bank Protection KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Cultural Resources KW - Dikes KW - Dredging KW - Emissions KW - Emission Standards KW - Estuaries KW - Fish KW - Flood Protection KW - Hydrologic Assessments KW - Municipal Services KW - Noise KW - Recreation Resources KW - Regulations KW - Salinity KW - Salinity Control KW - Saltwater Barriers KW - Sediment KW - Vegetation KW - Water Quality KW - Wetlands KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - California KW - Sacramento River KW - Suisun Marsh KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958, Compliance KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 9 Permits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/818791529?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-10-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SUISUN+MARSH+HABITAT+MANAGEMENT%2C+PRESERVATION%2C+AND+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+SOLANO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=SUISUN+MARSH+HABITAT+MANAGEMENT%2C+PRESERVATION%2C+AND+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+SOLANO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Sacramento, California; DOI N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: October 29, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - North American isoprene influence on intercontinental ozone pollution AN - 815542805; 13970770 AB - Changing land-use and climate may alter emissions of biogenic isoprene, a key ozone (O sub(3)) precursor. Isoprene is also a precursor to peroxy acetyl nitrate (PAN) and thus affects partitioning among oxidized nitrogen (NO sub(y)) species, shifting the balance towards PAN which more efficiently contributes to long-range transport relative to nitric acid (HNO sub(3)) which rapidly deposits. With a suite of sensitivity simulations in the MOZART-2 global tropospheric chemistry model, we gauge the relative importance of the intercontinental influence of 20% changes in North American (NA) isoprene versus 20% changes in NA anthropogenic emissions (nitrogen oxides (NO sub(x)), non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC) and NO sub(x) + NMVOC + carbon monoxide + aerosols). The regional NA surface O sub(3) response to a 20% increase in NA isoprene is approximately one third of the response (oppositely signed) to a 20% decrease in all NA anthropogenic emissions in summer. The intercontinental surface O sub(3) response over Europe and North Africa (EU region) to NA isoprene is more than half of the response to all NA anthropogenic emissions combined in summer and fall. During these seasons, natural inter-annual variations in NA isoprene emissions (estimated at c10%) may modulate the responses of EU surface O sub(3), lower tropospheric PAN, and total NO sub(y) deposition to a 20% decrease in NA anthropogenic emissions by c25%, c50%, and c20%, respectively. Lower tropospheric PAN responds similarly for 20% perturbations to either NA isoprene or NA anthropogenic O sub(3) precursor emissions. This PAN response is at least twice as large as the relative changes in surface O sub(3), implying that long-term PAN measurements at high altitude sites may help to detect O sub(3) precursor emission changes. We find that neither the baseline level of isoprene emissions nor the fate of isoprene nitrates contributes to the large diversity in model estimates of the anthropogenic emission influence on intercontinental surface O sub(3) or oxidized nitrogen deposition, reported in the recent TF HTAP multi-model studies (TFHTAP, 2007). JF - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions AU - Fiore, A M AU - Levy, H II AU - Jaffe, DA AD - NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey, USA Y1 - 2010/10/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Oct 25 SP - 24821 EP - 24851 PB - European Geosciences Union, c/o E.O.S.T. Strasbourg Cedex 67084 France VL - 10 IS - 10 SN - 1680-7367, 1680-7367 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Resource management KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Europe KW - Emissions KW - Seasonal variability KW - Ozone KW - North America KW - Aerosols KW - anthropogenic factors KW - Environmental impact KW - Model Studies KW - Long-range transport KW - Numerical simulations KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Africa KW - Oxides KW - Nitrogen KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Carbon monoxide KW - Carbon KW - Emission measurements KW - Nitrates KW - Climates KW - Troposphere KW - Tropospheric chemistry KW - Isoprene emissions KW - Deposition KW - summer KW - Organic compounds in aerosols KW - Nitrogen compounds KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - Q2 09185:Organic compounds KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/815542805?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics+Discussions&rft.atitle=North+American+isoprene+influence+on+intercontinental+ozone+pollution&rft.au=Fiore%2C+A+M%3BLevy%2C+H+II%3BJaffe%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Fiore&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2010-10-25&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=24821&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics+Discussions&rft.issn=16807367&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon monoxide; Resource management; Aerosols; Environmental impact; Anthropogenic factors; Troposphere; Nitrogen compounds; Oxides; Ozone; Long-range transport; Atmospheric pollution models; Isoprene emissions; Numerical simulations; Atmospheric chemistry; Seasonal variability; Organic compounds in aerosols; Tropospheric chemistry; Nitrates; anthropogenic factors; Emission measurements; Emissions; summer; Nitrogen; Carbon; Climates; Deposition; Model Studies; North America; Africa; Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Brief communication "What do we know about freaque waves in the ocean and lakes and how do we know it?" AN - 817610122; 13970917 AB - We made an objective examination of our present state of knowledge on freaque waves in the ocean and lakes from three separate perspectives: - testimonial - from eyewitness account of actual encounters; - empirical - from available in-situ wave measurements; - conjectural - from academic theoretical formulations; and led to a subjective answer to the posted title question of this paper: we do not know very much about freaque waves in the ocean and lakes! There are really no interconnections among the three perspectives we examined. Put them together however, persuades us to think that freaque waves are really an integral part of the ocean and lakes, they happen not infrequently but we still basically do not know when, where, how, what, and why they will happen. We do not even have as yet a viable definition on the phenomenon. So in order to expect tangible progress in our knowledge to the understanding of freaque waves in the ocean and lakes, we propose to strengthen a key ingredient by further invigorate the empirical aspect of the perspective, specifically making more in-situ spatial wave measurement for freaque wave studies, which is practically non-existence at the present. JF - Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences AU - Liu, P C AU - Wu, CH AU - Bechle, A J AU - MacHutchon, K R AU - Chen, H S AD - NOAA/GLERL, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA Y1 - 2010/10/22/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Oct 22 SP - 2191 EP - 2196 PB - European Geosciences Union, c/o E.O.S.T. Strasbourg Cedex 67084 France VL - 10 IS - 10 SN - 1561-8633, 1561-8633 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Testing Procedures KW - Hazards KW - Lakes KW - Oceans KW - Communication KW - Wave measurement KW - Waves KW - Freshwater KW - Oceanographic research KW - Q2 09382:Communication telemetry KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - M2 556:General (556) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/817610122?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Natural+Hazards+and+Earth+System+Sciences&rft.atitle=Brief+communication+%22What+do+we+know+about+freaque+waves+in+the+ocean+and+lakes+and+how+do+we+know+it%3F%22&rft.au=Liu%2C+P+C%3BWu%2C+CH%3BBechle%2C+A+J%3BMacHutchon%2C+K+R%3BChen%2C+H+S&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2010-10-22&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Natural+Hazards+and+Earth+System+Sciences&rft.issn=15618633&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hazards; Lakes; Wave measurement; Oceanographic research; Testing Procedures; Oceans; Communication; Waves; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electrostatic interactions and binding orientation of HIV-1 matrix studied by neutron reflectivity. AN - 759523162; 20959092 AB - The N-terminal matrix (MA) domain of the HIV-1 Gag protein is responsible for binding to the plasma membrane of host cells during viral assembly. The putative membrane-binding interface of MA was previously mapped by means of mutagenesis and analysis of its trimeric crystal structure. However, the orientation of MA on membranes has not been directly determined by experimental measurements. We present neutron reflectivity measurements that resolve the one-dimensional scattering length density profile of MA bound to a biomimetic of the native viral membrane. A molecular refinement procedure was developed using atomic structures of MA to determine the orientation of the protein on the membrane. The orientation defines a lipid-binding interface consistent with previous mutagenesis results. The MA protein maintains this orientation without the presence of a myristate group, driven only by electrostatic interactions. Furthermore, MA is found to penetrate the membrane headgroup region peripherally such that only the side chains of specific Lys and Arg residues interact with the surface. The results suggest that electrostatic interactions are sufficient to favorably orient MA on viral membrane mimics. The spatial determination of the membrane-bound protein demonstrates the ability of neutron reflectivity to discern orientation and penetration under physiologically relevant conditions. Copyright © 2010 Biophysical Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. JF - Biophysical journal AU - Nanda, Hirsh AU - Datta, Siddhartha A K AU - Heinrich, Frank AU - Lösche, Mathias AU - Rein, Alan AU - Krueger, Susan AU - Curtis, Joseph E AD - NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA. hirsh.nanda@nist.gov Y1 - 2010/10/20/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Oct 20 SP - 2516 EP - 2524 VL - 99 IS - 8 KW - gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Software KW - Models, Molecular KW - Cell Membrane -- metabolism KW - Protein Structure, Tertiary KW - Monte Carlo Method KW - Protein Binding KW - Static Electricity KW - HIV-1 -- chemistry KW - gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus -- chemistry KW - Neutron Diffraction KW - gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/759523162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biophysical+journal&rft.atitle=Electrostatic+interactions+and+binding+orientation+of+HIV-1+matrix+studied+by+neutron+reflectivity.&rft.au=Nanda%2C+Hirsh%3BDatta%2C+Siddhartha+A+K%3BHeinrich%2C+Frank%3BL%C3%B6sche%2C+Mathias%3BRein%2C+Alan%3BKrueger%2C+Susan%3BCurtis%2C+Joseph+E&rft.aulast=Nanda&rft.aufirst=Hirsh&rft.date=2010-10-20&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2516&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biophysical+journal&rft.issn=1542-0086&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.bpj.2010.07.062 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2011-01-31 N1 - Date created - 2010-10-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Biochemistry. 1996 Apr 2;35(13):3933-43 [8672424] Biophys J. 2009 Nov 18;97(10):2794-802 [19917234] J Virol. 2000 Apr;74(7):3264-72 [10708443] J Virol. 2001 Sep;75(17):7913-24 [11483736] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Nov 20;98(24):13925-30 [11717449] Biochemistry. 2003 Jun 3;42(21):6408-17 [12767222] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Jan 13;101(2):517-22 [14699046] Annu Rev Phys Chem. 2004;55:391-426 [15117258] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Oct 12;101(41):14889-94 [15465916] J Mol Biol. 1971 Feb 14;55(3):379-400 [5551392] Science. 1983 Aug 19;221(4612):709-13 [6879170] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jan;87(2):523-7 [2405382] Biophys J. 1991 Sep;60(3):568-76 [1932548] Biophys J. 1991 Dec;60(6):1545-52 [1777572] J Virol. 1994 Apr;68(4):2556-69 [8139035] J Virol. 1994 Aug;68(8):5311-20 [8035531] J Virol. 1995 Jun;69(6):3949-54 [7745752] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 2;93(7):3099-104 [8610175] J Virol. 1996 Dec;70(12):8540-8 [8970978] Nature. 1997 Jun 5;387(6633):580-3 [9177344] J Virol. 1997 Sep;71(9):6582-92 [9261380] J Virol. 2005 May;79(10):6227-38 [15858007] Annu Rev Biophys Biomol Struct. 2005;34:71-90 [15869384] J Mol Biol. 2005 Sep 2;351(5):939-47 [16055150] Structure. 2005 Oct;13(10):1521-31 [16216583] J Mol Biol. 2006 Jan 6;355(1):157-68 [16289202] Biophys Chem. 2006 Jan 1;119(1):23-32 [16183191] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Feb 21;103(8):2641-6 [16481622] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Jul 25;103(30):11364-9 [16840558] J Virol. 2007 Feb;81(3):1472-8 [17108052] Virus Res. 2007 Mar;124(1-2):1-11 [17210199] J Virol. 2007 Jun;81(12):6434-45 [17392361] J Virol. 2008 Mar;82(5):2405-17 [18094158] J Virol. 2008 Nov;82(22):11228-38 [18799574] Biophys J. 2009 Feb 18;96(4):1547-53 [19217871] Virology. 2009 May 10;387(2):466-72 [19327811] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Jul 7;106(27):11090-5 [19549863] Langmuir. 2009 Apr 7;25(7):4219-29 [19714901] J Virol. 2000 Mar;74(6):2855-66 [10684302] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2010.07.062 ER - TY - CONF T1 - An examination of varying supercell environments over the complex terrain of the eastern Tennessee River Valley AN - 918067075; 16193470 AB - The climatological minimum in tornado frequency over the eastern Tennessee River Valley is often attributed to the complex terrain of the region. While tornadoes are relatively uncommon in the eastern Tennessee River Valley (compared to areas further west and south), several significant tornado outbreaks have occurred in this area (e.g., the Super Outbreak of April 1974 and the Veterans Day Weekend Outbreak of November 2002). In addition, there have been several events during the past decade when numerous supercells formed in this area, but the efficiency of these supercells in producing tornadoes varied greatly. Five events in the eastern Tennessee River Valley with varying levels of forecasting and warning difficulties were examined to find any interesting similarities or differences. The 28 April 2002 event was chosen since forecasters expected supercells and tornadoes that day, but ultimately no tornadoes formed despite the presence of several supercells. The 15 May 2003 and 25 April 2006 events were chosen since supercells and tornadoes were not expected on those days, but an isolated tornado-producing supercell formed during each event. The 10-11 November 2002 and 8-9 May 2009 tornado outbreak events were chosen, since the 10-11 November 2002 outbreak produced a relatively low tornado-producing efficiency (with the tornadoes mostly confined to the Cumberland Plateau and a few strong supercells in the Great Tennessee Valley not producing tornadoes) and the 8-9 May 2009 outbreak produced a high tornado-to-supercell ratio (with nine tornadoes reported overall across both the Cumberland Plateau and Great Tennessee Valley). Overall, this study determined that the events with a high tornado-producing efficiency (15 May 2003, 25 April 2006, and 8-9 May 2009) were characterized by the tornado-producing supercells tracking near a well-defined, preexisting surface boundary, while the events with a low tornado-producing efficiency (28 April 2002 and 10-11 November 2002) had supercells that did not track near well-defined boundaries. During the null event on 28 April 2002, the high LCL heights, lack of low-level directional wind shear, and the paths of the supercells away from a well-defined surface boundary likely caused the lack of tornado development. The 10-11 November 2002 and 8-9 May 2009 events (the two outbreak events in this study) experienced the strongest low-level helicity values in the study, although the low-level instability values were the weakest. While the strongest low-level wind shear was present with the two outbreak events, the higher low-level instability during the other three non-outbreak events may have compensated for the weaker (but still significant) low-level wind shear. While low LCL heights were present near the locations of the tornadoes during both of the outbreak events, the influence of LCL heights during the other two tornado-producing events was inconclusive due to the possibility of frontal augmentation of the RUC40 model depictions. An axis of strong advection of equivalent potential temperatures was present during four of the events near the locations of the observed supercells and tornadoes, with the only exception being the 8-9 May 2009 outbreak event. The observed weak advection (in combination with a mid-level stable layer) may have kept the supercells isolated during this event, and thereby prolific in producing tornadoes by limiting the competition for the available instability. JF - American Meteorological Society. [np]. 11 Oct 2010. AU - Gaffin, David M AU - Hotz, D G Y1 - 2010/10/11/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Oct 11 PB - American Meteorological Society KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Tornadoes KW - Freshwater KW - Storms KW - Advection KW - Helicity KW - Forecasting KW - Wind KW - Rivers KW - Shear KW - Wind shear KW - Climate KW - Supercells KW - Severe local storm conferences KW - River valleys KW - Tracking KW - Model Studies KW - USA, Tennessee KW - USA, Tennessee R. Valley KW - Supercell forecasting KW - Potential temperature KW - Boundaries KW - Severe local storms KW - Instability KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - Q2 09392:Warning services against catastrophes KW - M2 551.509.1/.5:Forecasting (551.509.1/.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918067075?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=An+examination+of+varying+supercell+environments+over+the+complex+terrain+of+the+eastern+Tennessee+River+Valley&rft.au=Gaffin%2C+David+M%3BHotz%2C+D+G&rft.aulast=Gaffin&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2010-10-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 ER - TY - CONF T1 - An Examination of a Tornado Producing Supercell Behind the Leading Edge of the May 8th, 2009 Historic Wind Storm in Southern Missouri AN - 918050127; 16193628 AB - On the morning of May 8th, 2009, a large mesoscale convective system (MCS) formed over southeast Kansas and moved across the southern third of Missouri causing significant damage to structures and swaths of complete deforestation. Post-storm surveys revealed the damage was caused by large swaths of straight line winds estimated to be as high as 55 m/s-1 and at least 21 tornadoes. After 1330 UTC several supercells formed north of the apex of the bow and south of a large line end vortex. These storms were responsible for spawning tornadoes that were rated EF-1 or greater. The initial outflow appeared to be comprised of an arc of scattered to broken moderate to strong convective cells. We will examine one of the supercells which produced tornadoes approximately 20 kilometers behind a newly formed convective line on the leading edge of one part of the MCS. We will also examine why this supercell was still able to produce tornadoes despite what appears to be its atypical location within this convective line. Finally, we will discuss how this case challenges the current conceptual models and the resulting challenge to warning decision making. JF - American Meteorological Society. [np]. 11 Oct 2010. AU - Britt, Mark F AU - Przybylinski, R W Y1 - 2010/10/11/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Oct 11 PB - American Meteorological Society KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - Tornadoes KW - outflow KW - tornadoes KW - Vortexes KW - spawning KW - Storms KW - USA, Missouri KW - Mesoscale convective systems KW - Marine KW - Conferences KW - Supercells KW - Outflow KW - USA, Kansas KW - Ocean currents KW - Supercell forecasting KW - Wind storms KW - Convective activity KW - Deforestation KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q2 09161:General KW - M2 551.515.3:Tornadoes Waterspouts Whirlwinds (551.515.3) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918050127?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=An+Examination+of+a+Tornado+Producing+Supercell+Behind+the+Leading+Edge+of+the+May+8th%2C+2009+Historic+Wind+Storm+in+Southern+Missouri&rft.au=Britt%2C+Mark+F%3BPrzybylinski%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Britt&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2010-10-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 ER - TY - CONF T1 - The 08 May 2009 Missouri Derecho: Radar Analysis and Warning Implications over Parts of Southwest Missouri AN - 918049334; 16193627 AB - A historic wind storm with embedded tornadoes occurred during the morning of 08 May 2009 from southeast Kansas through southern Illinois. Incredible wind damage occurred with this system in which many homes, businesses in smaller communities, and farmsteads were damaged or destroyed by damaging winds or tornadoes. Individual large swaths of damaged trees extending from 75 to 100 km in length and 30 to 40 km wide were documented during damage assessments. Within these swaths, complete deforestation was revealed owing to intense microburst or individual burstswaths within the microbursts. Surface wind gusts were estimated over 50 to 55 m s-1 within these swaths. Most of the individual tornadic damage tracks occurred from near Springfield, Missouri into south central Missouri. The overall area of wind damage extended from southeast Kansas through parts of the southern third of Missouri and into southern Illinois. Since this was a large and prolonged wind storm, the study of this event could be divided into four or more time periods. This study will briefly examine the environmental characteristics prior to the event arriving over a part of southwest and south-central Missouri. However, we will closely examine the storm and mesovortex evolution of this event during the period of 1230 to 1400 UTC covering the area south and east of Springfield, Missouri. We will show two contrasting convective modes in which the reflectivity pattern north of the apex of the bow revealed a "leading stratiform" pattern, while the "leading convective line - trailing stratiform" pattern maintained its identity near and south of the apex of the bow. We will discuss why the reflectivity convective line segment north of the apex of the mature bow echo not only weakened after 1253 UTC, but also fragmented with weak mesovortices identified along a north-south convergence axis. In contrast, three strong mesovortices formed near and just south of the apex of the large bow after 1302 UTC along the gust front of the leading convective line. With time these strong mesovortices migrated along the convergence zone north of the apex into the leading stratiform region. Insights will be provided as to why rapid mesovortex development and intensification occurred near and just south of the apex. We believe that the shear vector orientation with respect to the convection at several levels was nearly perpendicular across the area north of the apex of the bow. The orientation and magnitude of these shear vectors was indicative of an environment more favorable for the development of persistent mesovortices, potentially including supercell-like structures. Meanwhile, shear vector orientation was nearly parallel to the convection south of the apex, leading to less intensification and organization within this segment of the storm complex. We will show that the original three strong mesovortices which formed along the leading edge near the apex migrated northeastward towards the western flank of the "leading stratiform" region. These vortices may have been associated with supercell-like structures along the western flank of the "Leading Stratiform" region, and were anchored to the surface convergence zone. Last we plan to discuss the challenges and difficulties to warning operations and implications with this rapidly moving convective system. JF - American Meteorological Society. [np]. 11 Oct 2010. AU - Przybylinski, Ron W AU - Schaumann, J S AU - Cramer, D T AU - Atkins, N Y1 - 2010/10/11/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Oct 11 PB - American Meteorological Society KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Convergence zones KW - Convection KW - Historical account KW - Reflectance KW - Tornadoes KW - Trees KW - Gusts KW - tornadoes KW - Convection development KW - Storms KW - USA, Missouri KW - Microbursts KW - Vortices KW - Conferences KW - USA, Illinois KW - Derechos KW - USA, Kansas KW - convection KW - Wind damage KW - Wind storms KW - Radar KW - Convective activity KW - Deforestation KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 551.515.3:Tornadoes Waterspouts Whirlwinds (551.515.3) KW - Q2 09392:Warning services against catastrophes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918049334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=The+08+May+2009+Missouri+Derecho%3A+Radar+Analysis+and+Warning+Implications+over+Parts+of+Southwest+Missouri&rft.au=Przybylinski%2C+Ron+W%3BSchaumann%2C+J+S%3BCramer%2C+D+T%3BAtkins%2C+N&rft.aulast=Przybylinski&rft.aufirst=Ron&rft.date=2010-10-11&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - CHUKCHI SEA PLANNING AREA OIL AND GAS LEASE SALE 193 IN THE CHUKCHI SEA, ALASKA OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF. [Part 1 of 1] T2 - CHUKCHI SEA PLANNING AREA OIL AND GAS LEASE SALE 193 IN THE CHUKCHI SEA, ALASKA OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF. AN - 873129343; 14679-8_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The sale of oil and gas lease blocks in the Chukchi Sea Planning Area of the Alaska Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) is reconsidered. The affected area includes the Chukchi Sea marine environment, the associated coastal plain, and the North Slope Borough of Alaska. The Chukchi OCS is viewed as one of the most petroleum-rich offshore provinces in the country, with geologic plays extending offshore from some of the largest oil and gas fields on Alaska's North Slope. The current federal assessment by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) indicates that the mean recoverable oil resource amounts to 12 billion barrels, with a five percent chance of 29 billion barrels. After the release of the Chukchi Sea Planning Area final EIS in June 2007, the lease sale, designated Sale 193, was held in February 2008. It involved 6,156 whole and partial blocks within the planning area, covering 34 million acres. BOEM accepted high bids of approximately $2.7 billion and issued 487 leases for approximately 2.8 million acres. The sale area excluded a 15- to 50-mile-wide corridor along the coast, known as the polynya or spring lead system. Water depths in the sale area vary from 95 feet to 262 feet, with a small portion of the northeast corner deep-ending to 9,800 feet in the Barrow Canyon. A January, 2008 lawsuit challenged the sale and the United States District Court for the District of Alaska remanded Sale 193 for further analysis of the environmental impact of natural gas development and of missing or incomplete information within the final EIS. This draft supplemental EIS carries forward the alternatives and augments the analysis of the final EIS. The scenario for environmental analysis involves the discovery, development, and production of the first offshore oil and gas field in the Chukchi Sea. Under the proposed action ( Alternative I), all 34 million acres of the Chukchi Sea would be made available. Alternative II is the No Action or No Lease Alternative. Alternative III (Corridor I Deferral) is the proposed action minus a corridor extending 60 miles offshore along the coastward edge of the sale area and would offer 1,765 whole or partial blocks comprising 9.1 million acres for lease. Under Alternative IV (Corridor II Deferral), which is the preferred alternative, 795 whole or partial blocks along the coastward edge of the sale area would be excluded. Selection of Alternative IV would be equivalent to affirming Sale 193 as held. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Development of the Chuckchi leases would provide enormous supplies of oil for energy production in the United States, increasing the nation's energy independence and thereby reducing its dependence on foreign sources and improving the stability of the country's foreign relations with foreign sources of oil. Development of the Chuckchi energy resource would employ thousands of workers and otherwise boost the regional and state economy and contribute to the state government's revenue base. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Discharges of muds, cuttings, and produced waters would impact water quality near platforms and wells. Drilling muds would be generated during for two to four months during the exploration phase and for three to five years during the development phase. Produced waters ranging would be generated as oil and gas is pumped from the formation in the production and operation phase. Major spills of at least 1,000 barrels could occur over the life of lease development activities. Larger spills, although unlikely, would do significantly more damage to fisheries, other marine, and coastal resources, including estuaries. Construction would destroy benthos temporarily and disturb benthic habitat through the life of the project; pipelines would be cleaned, plugged, and abandoned in place. Noise-related disturbance of fish and direct loss or degradation of fish habitat would occur during construction. Seismic surveys, ship movements, drilling, platform and pipeline construction, and other activities and oil spills would affect marine mammals, particularly bowhead whales, and platforms and environmental damage could impact federally protected bird species. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.), Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.), Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1371), Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.), and Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act of 1953 (43 U.S.C. 1311 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 06-0625D, Volume 30, Number 4 and 07-0199F, Volume 31, Number 2, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100408, 295 pages, October 8, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 1 KW - Water KW - Agency number: OCS EIS/EA BOEMRE 2010-034 KW - Birds KW - Coastal Zones KW - Continental Shelves KW - Employment KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Environmental Justice KW - Estuaries KW - Exploration KW - Fish KW - Fisheries KW - Geologic Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Indian Reservations KW - Leasing KW - Marine Mammals KW - Marine Systems KW - Minorities KW - Natural Gas KW - Noise KW - Oil Production KW - Oil Spill Analyses KW - Oil Spills KW - Pipelines KW - Seismic Surveys KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Water Quality Standards Violations KW - Wildlife Surveys KW - Alaska KW - Chukchi Sea KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972, Compliance KW - Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act of 1953, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129343?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-10-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=CHUKCHI+SEA+PLANNING+AREA+OIL+AND+GAS+LEASE+SALE+193+IN+THE+CHUKCHI+SEA%2C+ALASKA+OUTER+CONTINENTAL+SHELF.&rft.title=CHUKCHI+SEA+PLANNING+AREA+OIL+AND+GAS+LEASE+SALE+193+IN+THE+CHUKCHI+SEA%2C+ALASKA+OUTER+CONTINENTAL+SHELF.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation, and Enforcement, Anchorage, Alaska; DOI N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: October 8, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - CHUKCHI SEA PLANNING AREA OIL AND GAS LEASE SALE 193 IN THE CHUKCHI SEA, ALASKA OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF. AN - 808451512; 14679 AB - PURPOSE: The sale of oil and gas lease blocks in the Chukchi Sea Planning Area of the Alaska Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) is reconsidered. The affected area includes the Chukchi Sea marine environment, the associated coastal plain, and the North Slope Borough of Alaska. The Chukchi OCS is viewed as one of the most petroleum-rich offshore provinces in the country, with geologic plays extending offshore from some of the largest oil and gas fields on Alaska's North Slope. The current federal assessment by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) indicates that the mean recoverable oil resource amounts to 12 billion barrels, with a five percent chance of 29 billion barrels. After the release of the Chukchi Sea Planning Area final EIS in June 2007, the lease sale, designated Sale 193, was held in February 2008. It involved 6,156 whole and partial blocks within the planning area, covering 34 million acres. BOEM accepted high bids of approximately $2.7 billion and issued 487 leases for approximately 2.8 million acres. The sale area excluded a 15- to 50-mile-wide corridor along the coast, known as the polynya or spring lead system. Water depths in the sale area vary from 95 feet to 262 feet, with a small portion of the northeast corner deep-ending to 9,800 feet in the Barrow Canyon. A January, 2008 lawsuit challenged the sale and the United States District Court for the District of Alaska remanded Sale 193 for further analysis of the environmental impact of natural gas development and of missing or incomplete information within the final EIS. This draft supplemental EIS carries forward the alternatives and augments the analysis of the final EIS. The scenario for environmental analysis involves the discovery, development, and production of the first offshore oil and gas field in the Chukchi Sea. Under the proposed action ( Alternative I), all 34 million acres of the Chukchi Sea would be made available. Alternative II is the No Action or No Lease Alternative. Alternative III (Corridor I Deferral) is the proposed action minus a corridor extending 60 miles offshore along the coastward edge of the sale area and would offer 1,765 whole or partial blocks comprising 9.1 million acres for lease. Under Alternative IV (Corridor II Deferral), which is the preferred alternative, 795 whole or partial blocks along the coastward edge of the sale area would be excluded. Selection of Alternative IV would be equivalent to affirming Sale 193 as held. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Development of the Chuckchi leases would provide enormous supplies of oil for energy production in the United States, increasing the nation's energy independence and thereby reducing its dependence on foreign sources and improving the stability of the country's foreign relations with foreign sources of oil. Development of the Chuckchi energy resource would employ thousands of workers and otherwise boost the regional and state economy and contribute to the state government's revenue base. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Discharges of muds, cuttings, and produced waters would impact water quality near platforms and wells. Drilling muds would be generated during for two to four months during the exploration phase and for three to five years during the development phase. Produced waters ranging would be generated as oil and gas is pumped from the formation in the production and operation phase. Major spills of at least 1,000 barrels could occur over the life of lease development activities. Larger spills, although unlikely, would do significantly more damage to fisheries, other marine, and coastal resources, including estuaries. Construction would destroy benthos temporarily and disturb benthic habitat through the life of the project; pipelines would be cleaned, plugged, and abandoned in place. Noise-related disturbance of fish and direct loss or degradation of fish habitat would occur during construction. Seismic surveys, ship movements, drilling, platform and pipeline construction, and other activities and oil spills would affect marine mammals, particularly bowhead whales, and platforms and environmental damage could impact federally protected bird species. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.), Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.), Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1371), Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.), and Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act of 1953 (43 U.S.C. 1311 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 06-0625D, Volume 30, Number 4 and 07-0199F, Volume 31, Number 2, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100408, 295 pages, October 8, 2010 PY - 2010 KW - Water KW - Agency number: OCS EIS/EA BOEMRE 2010-034 KW - Birds KW - Coastal Zones KW - Continental Shelves KW - Employment KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Environmental Justice KW - Estuaries KW - Exploration KW - Fish KW - Fisheries KW - Geologic Surveys KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Indian Reservations KW - Leasing KW - Marine Mammals KW - Marine Systems KW - Minorities KW - Natural Gas KW - Noise KW - Oil Production KW - Oil Spill Analyses KW - Oil Spills KW - Pipelines KW - Seismic Surveys KW - Ships KW - Water Quality KW - Water Quality Standards Violations KW - Wildlife Surveys KW - Alaska KW - Chukchi Sea KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance KW - Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972, Compliance KW - Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act of 1953, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/808451512?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-10-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=CHUKCHI+SEA+PLANNING+AREA+OIL+AND+GAS+LEASE+SALE+193+IN+THE+CHUKCHI+SEA%2C+ALASKA+OUTER+CONTINENTAL+SHELF.&rft.title=CHUKCHI+SEA+PLANNING+AREA+OIL+AND+GAS+LEASE+SALE+193+IN+THE+CHUKCHI+SEA%2C+ALASKA+OUTER+CONTINENTAL+SHELF.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation, and Enforcement, Anchorage, Alaska; DOI N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: October 8, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozone production in remote oceanic and industrial areas derived from ship based measurements of peroxy radicals during TexAQS 2006 AN - 817608159; 13970725 AB - During the Texas Air Quality Study II (TexAQS 2006) campaign, a PEroxy Radical Chemical Amplifier (PERCA) was deployed on the NOAA research vessel R/V Brown to measure total peroxy radicals (HO sub(2)+RO sub(2)). Day-time mixing ratios of HO sub(2)+RO sub(2) between 25 and 110 ppt were observed throughout the study area - the Houston/Galveston region and the Gulf coast of the U.S. - and analyzed in relation to measurements of nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds (VOC) and photolysis rates to assess radical sources and sinks in the region. The measurements of HO sub(2)+RO sub(2) were used to calculate the in-situ net photochemical formation of ozone. Measured median values ranged from 0.6 ppb/h in clean oceanic air masses up to several tens of ppb/h in the most polluted industrial areas. The results are consistent with previous studies and generally agree with observations made during the previous TexAQS 2000 field campaign. The net photochemical ozone formation rates determined at Barbours Cut, a site immediately south of the Houston Ship Channel, were analyzed in relation to local wind direction and VOC reactivity to understand the relationship between ozone formation and local VOC emissions. The measurements of HO sub(2)+RO sub(2) made during the R/V Brown TexAQS 2006 cruise indicate that ozone formation is NO sub(x)-limited in the Houston/Galveston region and influenced by highly reactive hydrocarbons, especially alkenes from urban and industrial sources and their photooxidation products, such as formaldehyde. JF - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions AU - Sommariva, R AU - Brown, S S AU - Roberts, J M AU - Brookes, D M AU - Parker, A E AU - Monks, P S AU - Bates, T S AU - Bon, D AU - de Gouw, JA AU - Frost, G J AD - Earth System Research Laboratory, NOAA, Boulder, CO, USA Y1 - 2010/10/07/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Oct 07 SP - 23109 EP - 23147 PB - European Geosciences Union, c/o E.O.S.T. Strasbourg Cedex 67084 France VL - 10 IS - 10 SN - 1680-7367, 1680-7367 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Ships KW - Ozone measurements KW - Air quality KW - ASW, USA, Texas KW - Ozone production KW - Volatile organic compound emissions KW - Emission measurements KW - ASW, USA, Texas, Galveston KW - Industrial areas KW - Oceanographic cruise data KW - USA, Texas, Houston KW - Ozone KW - Urban areas KW - Photolysis KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Perca KW - ASW, USA, Gulf Coast KW - Channels KW - Photochemicals KW - Photooxidation KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/817608159?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics+Discussions&rft.atitle=Ozone+production+in+remote+oceanic+and+industrial+areas+derived+from+ship+based+measurements+of+peroxy+radicals+during+TexAQS+2006&rft.au=Sommariva%2C+R%3BBrown%2C+S+S%3BRoberts%2C+J+M%3BBrookes%2C+D+M%3BParker%2C+A+E%3BMonks%2C+P+S%3BBates%2C+T+S%3BBon%2C+D%3Bde+Gouw%2C+JA%3BFrost%2C+G+J&rft.aulast=Sommariva&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2010-10-07&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=23109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics+Discussions&rft.issn=16807367&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Photolysis; Ozone production; Ozone measurements; Atmospheric pollution; Atmospheric chemistry; Photooxidation; Volatile organic compound emissions; Air quality; Oceanographic cruise data; Channels; Ships; Photochemicals; Emission measurements; Industrial areas; Volatile organic compounds; Urban areas; Ozone; Perca; ASW, USA, Texas; ASW, USA, Texas, Galveston; ASW, USA, Gulf Coast; USA, Texas, Houston ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Response of Colorado River runoff to dust radiative forcing in snow AN - 1351601310; 2013-040700 AB - The waters of the Colorado River serve 27 million people in seven states and two countries but are overallocated by more than 10% of the river's historical mean. Climate models project runoff losses of 7-20% from the basin in this century due to human-induced climate change. Recent work has shown however that by the late 1800s, decades prior to allocation of the river's runoff in the 1920s, a fivefold increase in dust loading from anthropogenically disturbed soils in the southwest United States was already decreasing snow albedo and shortening the duration of snow cover by several weeks. The degree to which this increase in radiative forcing by dust in snow has affected timing and magnitude of runoff from the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB) is unknown. Hereweuse the Variable Infiltration Capacity model with postdisturbance and predisturbance impacts of dust on albedo to estimate the impact on runoff from the UCRB across 1916-2003. We find that peak runoff at Lees Ferry, Arizona has occurred on average 3 wk earlier under heavier dust loading and that increases in evapotranspiration from earlier exposure of vegetation and soils decreases annual runoff by more than 1.0 billion cubic meters or approximately 5% of the annual average. The potential to reduce dust loading through surface stabilization in the deserts and restore more persistent snow cover, slow runoff, and increase water resources in the UCRB may represent an important mitigation opportunity to reduce system management tensions and regional impacts of climate change. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America AU - Painter, Thomas H AU - Deems, Jeffrey S AU - Belnap, Jayne AU - Hamlet, Alan F AU - Landry, Christopher C AU - Udall, Bradley Y1 - 2010/10/05/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Oct 05 SP - 17125 EP - 17130 PB - National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC VL - 107 IS - 40 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - United States KW - Lees Ferry KW - albedo KW - Colorado River basin KW - Coconino County Arizona KW - snow cover KW - optical spectra KW - water management KW - hydrogeology KW - climate change KW - Colorado River KW - snow KW - sediments KW - radiative forcing KW - spectra KW - clastic sediments KW - elevation KW - surface water KW - runoff KW - dust KW - Arizona KW - aerosols KW - seasonal variations KW - water resources KW - land use KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1351601310?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Response+of+Colorado+River+runoff+to+dust+radiative+forcing+in+snow&rft.au=Painter%2C+Thomas+H%3BDeems%2C+Jeffrey+S%3BBelnap%2C+Jayne%3BHamlet%2C+Alan+F%3BLandry%2C+Christopher+C%3BUdall%2C+Bradley&rft.aulast=Painter&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2010-10-05&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=40&rft.spage=17125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.0913139107 L2 - http://www.pnas.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Supplemental information/data is available in the online version of this article N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-18 N1 - CODEN - PNASA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; albedo; Arizona; clastic sediments; climate change; Coconino County Arizona; Colorado River; Colorado River basin; dust; elevation; hydrogeology; land use; Lees Ferry; optical spectra; radiative forcing; runoff; seasonal variations; sediments; snow; snow cover; spectra; surface water; United States; water management; water resources DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0913139107 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Boundary Layer Characteristics and Numerical Simulation Analysis of Winter Dense Fog in Nanjing AN - 968180665; 16473121 AB - Based on the boundary layer data of winter dense fog in 2007 from Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, the profile characteristics of temperature, wind direction, wind speed and humidity in a dense fog weather on December 13-14 in 2007 were analyzed, as well as their evolution laws in the formation and dispersion of fog, and the boundary layer characteristics of winter dense fog in Nanjing were revealed, while the development of fog was simulated by means of mesoscale numerical model. The results showed that the formation and dispersion of fog was greatly affected by inversion and humidity in the surface layer, and the wind direction in the surface layer also had effect on the formation and dispersion of advection fog. Mesoscale numerical model could preferably simulate the evolution of temperature, humidity, vertical speed in the development of fog, and the simulation of water vapor content in the fog could forecast the formation and dispersion of fog. JF - Meteorological and Environmental Research AU - Ma, G-Z AU - Yin, Y AD - Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics & Environment, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China, noaa_1113@126.com Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - Oct 2010 SP - 25 EP - 28,32 PB - USA-China Science and Culture Media Corporation VL - 1 IS - 10 SN - 2152-3940, 2152-3940 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - China, People's Rep., Jiangsu Prov., Nanjing KW - Boundary Layers KW - Environmental research KW - Surface layers KW - Water vapor content KW - Winter KW - Wind speed KW - Numerical models KW - Wind KW - Weather KW - Mathematical models KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Temperature KW - Humidity KW - Wind direction KW - Fog forecasting KW - Fog KW - Inversions KW - Model Studies KW - Numerical simulations KW - Boundary layers KW - Mesoscale models KW - Dispersion models KW - Evolution KW - Dispersion KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling KW - M2 551.509.1/.5:Forecasting (551.509.1/.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/968180665?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Meteorological+and+Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=Boundary+Layer+Characteristics+and+Numerical+Simulation+Analysis+of+Winter+Dense+Fog+in+Nanjing&rft.au=Ma%2C+G-Z%3BYin%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Ma&rft.aufirst=G-Z&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Meteorological+and+Environmental+Research&rft.issn=21523940&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wind speed; Mathematical models; Boundary layers; Humidity; Surface layers; Inversions; Fog; Winter; Dispersion; Numerical models; Numerical simulations; Environmental research; Mesoscale models; Water vapor content; Dispersion models; Wind direction; Fog forecasting; Weather; Simulation Analysis; Temperature; Boundary Layers; Evolution; Wind; Model Studies; China, People's Rep., Jiangsu Prov., Nanjing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water vapor correction to improve the operational calibration for NOAA AVHRR/3 channel 2 (0.85 mu m) over a desert target AN - 926883398; 16347113 AB - The Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometers (AVHRRs) flown on the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) polar satellites have been providing invaluable data for Earth system science and global change studies. However, the use of AVHRR solar reflectance products (e.g., normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)) is constrained by calibration uncertainty, largely owing to the lack of an on-orbit calibration device for solar reflectance channels. Since the mid-1990s, NOAA has been applying operational calibration to these channels using the time series of top-of-atmosphere (TOA) measurements of the Libyan Desert site. However, the assumed radiometric stability of Libyan Desert TOA measurements can be disrupted by short-term variations in atmospheric components, especially for AVHRR channel 2, which has a spectral response function covering water vapor absorption lines in the near-infrared (NIR) spectra. This study aims to improve the calibration accuracy of AVHRR channel 2 data by applying water vapor correction over the homogeneous desert target surface using the water vapor content (W) derived from the linear relationships between the AVHRR split-window temperature difference ( Delta T) and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) NIR water vapor product. Results show that the linear Delta T-Wrelationship is affected by the temperature lapse rate at the satellite over-passing time and the spectral response functions of AVHRR split-window channels. Water vapor correction reduces the calibration uncertainty from 2.6%-3.5% to 1.7%-1.8%, and about 1.0% surface-based relative calibration accuracy is independent of the water vapor uncertainty introduced by the Delta T-W regression. Furthermore, the short-term variations in the channel 2 operational degradation rate are largely reduced after water vapor correction. Thus, implementing water vapor correction can improve the operational calibration accuracy for AVHRR channel 2. JF - Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing/Journal Canadien de Teledetection AU - Yu, F AU - Wu, X AD - Earth Resources Technology Inc. (ERT), 6100 Frost Place, Laurel, MD 20707, USA, Fangfang.Yu@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - Oct 2010 SP - 514 EP - 526 PB - Canadian Aeronautics and Space Institute, 1685 Russell Rd, Unit 1R Ottawa ON K1G 0N1 Canada VL - 36 IS - 5 SN - 0703-8992, 0703-8992 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - U.S. satellite, POLAR KW - Reflectance KW - time series analysis KW - Water vapor in the atmosphere KW - Remote sensing KW - Temperature KW - Vegetation KW - water vapor KW - Water vapor content KW - Time series analysis KW - Meteorological satellites KW - Satellites KW - Channels KW - Deserts KW - AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer) KW - Absorption KW - Lapse rates KW - Vegetation index KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 551.5:General (551.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/926883398?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Remote+Sensing%2FJournal+Canadien+de+Teledetection&rft.atitle=Water+vapor+correction+to+improve+the+operational+calibration+for+NOAA+AVHRR%2F3+channel+2+%280.85+mu+m%29+over+a+desert+target&rft.au=Yu%2C+F%3BWu%2C+X&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=514&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Remote+Sensing%2FJournal+Canadien+de+Teledetection&rft.issn=07038992&rft_id=info:doi/10.5589%2Fm10-077 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - U.S. satellite, POLAR; Reflectance; Water vapor in the atmosphere; AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer); Water vapor content; Meteorological satellites; Time series analysis; Lapse rates; Vegetation index; Channels; time series analysis; Deserts; Absorption; Temperature; Remote sensing; Vegetation; water vapor; Satellites DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5589/m10-077 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Establishing the Antarctic Dome C community reference standard site towards consistent measurements from Earth observation satellites AN - 926883392; 16347112 AB - Establishing satellite measurement consistency by using common desert sites has become increasingly more important not only for climate change detection but also for quantitative retrievals of geophysical variables in satellite applications. Using the Antarctic Dome C site (75 degree 06'S, 123 degree 21'E, elevation 3.2 km) for satellite radiometric calibration and validation (Cal/Val) is of great interest owing to its unique location and characteristics. The site surface is covered with uniformly distributed permanent snow, and the atmospheric effect is small and relatively constant. In this study, the long-term stability and spectral characteristics of this site are evaluated using well-calibrated satellite instruments such as the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS). Preliminary results show that despite a few limitations, the site in general is stable in the long term, the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) model works well, and the site is most suitable for the Cal/Val of reflective solar bands in the 0.4-1.0 mu m range. It was found that for the past decade, the reflectivity change of the site is within 1.35% at 0.64 mu m, and interannual variability is within 2%. The site is able to resolve calibration biases between instruments at a level of similar to 1 %. The usefulness of the site is demonstrated by comparing observations from seven satellite instruments involving four space agencies, including OrbView-2-SeaWiFS, Terra-Aqua MODIS, Earth Observing 1 (EO-1) - Hyperion, Meteorological Operational satellite programme (MetOp) - Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), Envisat Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) - dvanced Along-Track Scanning Radiometer (AATSR), and Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+). Dome C is a promising candidate site for climate quality calibration of satellite radiometers towards more consistent satellite measurements, as part of the framework for climate change detection and data quality assurance for the Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS). JF - Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing/Journal Canadien de Teledetection AU - Cao, C AU - Uprety, S AU - Xiong, J AU - Wu, A AU - Jing, P AU - Smith, D AU - Chander, G AU - Fox, N AU - Ungar, S AD - Center for Satellite Applications and Research STAR National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service NESDIS, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOAA, Camp Springs, MD 20746, USA, changyong.cao@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - October 2010 SP - 498 EP - 513 PB - Canadian Aeronautics and Space Institute, 1685 Russell Rd, Unit 1R Ottawa ON K1G 0N1 Canada VL - 36 IS - 5 SN - 0703-8992, 0703-8992 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Landsat KW - Sensors KW - Snow KW - quality assurance KW - Antarctica, East Antarctica, Antarctic Plateau, Dome C KW - Climate change KW - Remote sensing KW - Geophysics KW - Mapping KW - Satellites KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/926883392?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Remote+Sensing%2FJournal+Canadien+de+Teledetection&rft.atitle=Establishing+the+Antarctic+Dome+C+community+reference+standard+site+towards+consistent+measurements+from+Earth+observation+satellites&rft.au=Cao%2C+C%3BUprety%2C+S%3BXiong%2C+J%3BWu%2C+A%3BJing%2C+P%3BSmith%2C+D%3BChander%2C+G%3BFox%2C+N%3BUngar%2C+S&rft.aulast=Cao&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=498&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Remote+Sensing%2FJournal+Canadien+de+Teledetection&rft.issn=07038992&rft_id=info:doi/10.5589%2Fm10-075 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Landsat; Sensors; Snow; quality assurance; Climate change; Remote sensing; Mapping; Geophysics; Satellites; Antarctica, East Antarctica, Antarctic Plateau, Dome C DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5589/m10-075 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pesticides, aquatic food webs, and the conservation of Pacific salmon AN - 902342172; 15891697 AB - Pesticides pose complex threats to the biological integrity of aquatic ecosystems. In the western US, pesticides have contaminated many surface waters that provide habitat for endangered salmon. These iconic species depend on the productivity of rivers, lakes, and estuaries to provide food for juvenile growth, a key determinant of subsequent marine survival. Despite extensive societal investments in salmon habitat restoration in recent years, the role of pesticides as a limiting factor for salmon recovery has received little attention. Pesticides can be toxic to primary producers and macroinvertebrates, thereby limiting salmon population recovery through adverse, bottom-up impacts on aquatic food webs. The integration of toxicology, environmental chemistry, population biology, community ecology, landscape ecology, conservation biology, and environmental policy is needed to better understand these indirect effects of pesticides on endangered species. We highlight key information gaps and discuss how future research on pesticides and food webs can most effectively guide the long-term conservation of imperiled fish species. JF - Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment AU - Macneale, KH AU - Kiffney, P M AU - Scholz, N L AD - NOAA Fisheries, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Fish Health Program, Seattle, WA, USA, Nathaniel.Scholz@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - Oct 2010 SP - 475 EP - 482 VL - 8 IS - 8 SN - 1540-9295, 1540-9295 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Surface water KW - Anadromous species KW - Survival KW - Toxicity tests KW - Identification keys KW - Ecology KW - Integration KW - Lakes KW - I, Pacific KW - Salmonidae KW - food webs KW - Food webs KW - Rivers KW - Landscape KW - Estuaries KW - Geochemistry KW - Limiting factors KW - Aquatic ecosystems KW - Habitat KW - Environmental policy KW - Habitat improvement KW - Pesticides KW - salmon KW - Endangered species KW - Conservation KW - aquatic ecosystems KW - Zoobenthos KW - environmental chemistry KW - Endangered Species KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q1 08485:Species interactions: pests and control KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/902342172?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Frontiers+in+Ecology+and+the+Environment&rft.atitle=Pesticides%2C+aquatic+food+webs%2C+and+the+conservation+of+Pacific+salmon&rft.au=Macneale%2C+KH%3BKiffney%2C+P+M%3BScholz%2C+N+L&rft.aulast=Macneale&rft.aufirst=KH&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=475&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Frontiers+in+Ecology+and+the+Environment&rft.issn=15409295&rft_id=info:doi/10.1890%2F090142 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Habitat improvement; Anadromous species; Geochemistry; Pesticides; Zoobenthos; Identification keys; Toxicity tests; Food webs; Endangered Species; Rivers; Surface water; Estuaries; Landscape; Survival; Limiting factors; Habitat; Aquatic ecosystems; Environmental policy; Integration; Lakes; Conservation; Endangered species; Ecology; salmon; aquatic ecosystems; environmental chemistry; food webs; Salmonidae; I, Pacific DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/090142 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complex contaminant exposure in cetaceans: A comparative E-Screen analysis of bottlenose dolphin blubber and mixtures of four persistent organic pollutants AN - 858424254; 14430011 AB - Cetaceans are federally protected species that are prone to accumulate complex mixtures of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), which individually may exert estrogenic or antiestrogenic effects. In the present study it was assessed whether contaminant mixtures harbored by cetaceans are estrogenic or antiestrogenic using a comparative approach. Interactions of antiestrogenic and estrogenic compounds were first investigated with the E-Screen assay using a mixture of four POPs (dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene [4,4'-DDE], trans-nonachlor, and polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs] 138 180) prevalent in cetacean blubber. Estrogenic/antiestrogenic activity was determined for the individual compounds and their binary, tertiary, and quaternary combinations. Significantly different responses were observed for the various POP mixtures, including enhanced estrogenic and antiestrogenic effects and antagonistic interactions. These results were then compared to the concentrations and estrogenic/antiestrogenic activity of contaminant mixtures isolated directly from the blubber of 15 bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) collected from five U.S. Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico locations. The lowest observed effect concentrations (LOECs) determined for 4,4'-DDE (20 [mu]mol/L), PCB 138 (20 [mu]mol/L), PCB 180 (21 [mu]mol/L), and trans-nonachlor (3 [mu]mol/L) in the E-Screen were greater than estimated dolphin blood concentrations. Although estimated blood concentrations were below the LOECs, significant estrogenic activity was detected in diluted dolphin blubber from Cape May, NJ and Bermuda. Positive correlations between blubber estrogenicity and select POP concentrations ( capital sigma DDTs, capital sigma PBDEs, capital sigma HCB, capital sigma estrogenic PCBs, capital sigma estrogenic POPs) were also observed. Collectively, these results suggest that select bottlenose dolphin populations may be exposed to contaminants that act in concert to exert estrogenic effects at biologically relevant concentrations. These observations do not necessarily provide direct evidence of endocrine disruption; however, they may indicate an environmental source of xenoestrogenic exposure warranting future research. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Yordy, Jennifer E AU - Mollenhauer, Meagan AM AU - Wilson, Rachel M AU - Wells, Randall S AU - Hohn, Aleta AU - Sweeney, Jay AU - Schwacke, Lori H AU - Rowles, Teri K AU - Kucklick, John R AU - Peden-Adams, Margie M AD - Marine Biomedicine and Environmental Sciences Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29412, USA, jennifer.yordy@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/10/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Oct 01 SP - 2143 EP - 2153 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA VL - 29 IS - 10 SN - 1552-8618, 1552-8618 KW - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Persistent organic pollutants KW - Contaminant mixtures KW - Estrogenicity KW - Antiestrogenicity KW - Bottlenose dolphin KW - Protected species KW - Palaeo studies KW - dolphins KW - Tursiops truncatus KW - Environmental factors KW - Xenoestrogens KW - Sex hormones KW - ANW, USA, New Jersey, Cape May KW - blubber KW - Pollutants KW - Pollutant persistence KW - PCB compounds KW - PCB KW - Toxicology KW - quaternary KW - Marine KW - persistent organic pollutants KW - Geochemistry KW - ANW, Atlantic, Bermuda KW - estrogenic activity KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - Blood KW - USA KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - Marine mammals KW - Contaminants KW - estrogens KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - Q1 08376:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/858424254?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Complex+contaminant+exposure+in+cetaceans%3A+A+comparative+E-Screen+analysis+of+bottlenose+dolphin+blubber+and+mixtures+of+four+persistent+organic+pollutants&rft.au=Yordy%2C+Jennifer+E%3BMollenhauer%2C+Meagan+AM%3BWilson%2C+Rachel+M%3BWells%2C+Randall+S%3BHohn%2C+Aleta%3BSweeney%2C+Jay%3BSchwacke%2C+Lori+H%3BRowles%2C+Teri+K%3BKucklick%2C+John+R%3BPeden-Adams%2C+Margie+M&rft.aulast=Yordy&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=15528618&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fetc.279 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollutants; Palaeo studies; Marine mammals; Geochemistry; Pollutant persistence; Environmental factors; Toxicology; PCB; Sex hormones; Blood; polychlorinated biphenyls; blubber; Contaminants; estrogenic activity; Xenoestrogens; Protected species; persistent organic pollutants; dolphins; PCB compounds; quaternary; estrogens; Tursiops truncatus; ASW, Mexico Gulf; ANW, USA, New Jersey, Cape May; USA; ANW, Atlantic, Bermuda; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.279 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Persistence of climate changes due to a range of greenhouse gases AN - 856757813; 13932496 AB - Emissions of a broad range of greenhouse gases of varying lifetimes contribute to global climate change. Carbon dioxide displays exceptional persistence that renders its warming nearly irreversible for more than 1,000A y. Here we show that the warming due to non-CO sub(2) greenhouse gases, although not irreversible, persists notably longer than the anthropogenic changes in the greenhouse gas concentrations themselves. We explore why the persistence of warming depends not just on the decay of a given greenhouse gas concentration but also on climate system behavior, particularly the timescales of heat transfer linked to the ocean. For carbon dioxide and methane, nonlinear optical absorption effects also play a smaller but significant role in prolonging the warming. In effect, dampening factors that slow temperature increase during periods of increasing concentration also slow the loss of energy from the Earth's climate system if radiative forcing is reduced. Approaches to climate change mitigation options through reduction of greenhouse gas or aerosol emissions therefore should not be expected to decrease climate change impacts as rapidly as the gas or aerosol lifetime, even for short-lived species; such actions can have their greatest effect if undertaken soon enough to avoid transfer of heat to the deep ocean. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA AU - Solomon, Susan AU - Daniel, John S AU - Sanford, Todd J AU - Murphy, Daniel M AU - Plattner, Gian-Kasper AU - Knutti, Reto AU - Friedlingstein, Pierre AD - Chemical Sciences Division, Earth System Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO 80305 Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - October 2010 SP - 18354 EP - 18359 PB - National Academy of Sciences, 2101 Constitution Ave. Washington DC 20418 USA VL - 107 IS - 43 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - atmosphere KW - dynamics KW - radiation KW - Methane KW - Aerosols KW - Oceans KW - Climate change KW - Emissions KW - Absorption KW - Decay KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Carbon dioxide KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/856757813?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.atitle=Persistence+of+climate+changes+due+to+a+range+of+greenhouse+gases&rft.au=Solomon%2C+Susan%3BDaniel%2C+John+S%3BSanford%2C+Todd+J%3BMurphy%2C+Daniel+M%3BPlattner%2C+Gian-Kasper%3BKnutti%2C+Reto%3BFriedlingstein%2C+Pierre&rft.aulast=Solomon&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=43&rft.spage=18354&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073%2Fpnas.1006282107 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methane; Aerosols; Oceans; Climate change; Absorption; Emissions; Decay; Carbon dioxide; Greenhouse gases DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1006282107 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - POLYCYCLIC MUSK FRAGRANCES IN SEDIMENTS AND SHRIMP TISSUES AN - 855694110; 14062874 AB - Polycyclic musk fragrances are widely used as ingredients in personal care products, shampoos, lotions, and household cleaning agents. These chemicals have relatively high octanol-water partition coefficients, and therefore tend to accumulate in sediments, sludge, and biological tissues. We analyzed shrimp and sediment samples for the presence of synthetic musks. Samples were extracted using accelerated solvent extraction. Gel permeation chromatography and solid phase extraction with silica were used to clean the extracts. The extracts were analyzed with Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry with Electron Impact ionization (GC-MS-EI) in selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode. Sediment samples were collected from three tidal tributaries of the Chesapeake Bay. HHCB was detected in concentrations up to 9.2 (average 1.1 plus or minus 2.2) ng/g dry weight. Shrimp samples were collected as part of a seafood market survey of wild and farmed shrimp from the USA and other countries (Mexico, India, Equador, Thailand, China and others). Detected HHCB concentrations ranged from 48 to 683 (average 198 plus or minus 156) ng/g lipid in farmed shrimp, and from 66 to 762 (average 334 plus or minus 236) ng/g lipid in wild shrimp. Estimated concentrations of AHTN were up to 185 ng/g lipid in farmed shrimp, and up to 384 ng/g lipid weight in wild shrimp. HHCB was detected in all tissue samples analyzed, thus indicating the widespread distribution of this synthetic fragrance in shrimp. JF - Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds AU - Sapozhnikova, Yelena AU - Liebert, Dan AU - Wirth, Edward AU - Fulton, Michael AD - JHT Inc., (Contractor to NOAA), Charleston, South Carolina, USA,Center for Human Health Risk, NOAA, NOS, NCCOS, Charleston, South Carolina, USA,Center for Coastal Environmental Health and Biomolecular Research, NOAA, NOS, NCCOS, Charleston, South Carolina, USA Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - Oct 2010 SP - 298 EP - 308 PB - Taylor & Francis Group Ltd., 2 Park Square Oxford OX14 4RN UK VL - 30 IS - 5 SN - 1040-6638, 1040-6638 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts KW - polycyclic musk fragrances KW - sediment KW - shrimp KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Tissues KW - Shrimp KW - Solvent extraction KW - Chromatographic techniques KW - Thailand KW - Lipids KW - India KW - Weight KW - Seafood KW - Tributaries KW - Sediment chemistry KW - Decapoda KW - Shellfish culture KW - Solvents KW - Solids KW - Sludge KW - ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay KW - Sediments KW - USA KW - Mexico KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Ionization KW - Aromatics KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - Q1 08423:Behaviour KW - Q3 08588:Effects of Aquaculture on the Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/855694110?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Polycyclic+Aromatic+Compounds&rft.atitle=POLYCYCLIC+MUSK+FRAGRANCES+IN+SEDIMENTS+AND+SHRIMP+TISSUES&rft.au=Sapozhnikova%2C+Yelena%3BLiebert%2C+Dan%3BWirth%2C+Edward%3BFulton%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Sapozhnikova&rft.aufirst=Yelena&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=298&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Polycyclic+Aromatic+Compounds&rft.issn=10406638&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F10406638.2010.525160 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-05-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment chemistry; Tissues; Solvent extraction; Shellfish culture; Chromatographic techniques; Seafood; Sludge; Tributaries; Aromatics; Mass Spectrometry; Shrimp; Weight; Lipids; Solvents; Solids; Ionization; Sediments; Decapoda; USA; Mexico; Thailand; China, People's Rep.; ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay; India DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10406638.2010.525160 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiple ice-age refugia in Pacific cod, Gadus macrocephalus AN - 853474501; 13854015 AB - AbstractPleistocene ice-ages greatly influenced the historical abundances of Pacific cod, Gadus macrocephalus, in the North Pacific and its marginal seas. We surveyed genetic variation at 11 microsatellite loci and mitochondrial (mt) DNA in samples from twelve locations from the Sea of Japan to Washington State. Both microsatellite (mean H=0.868) and mtDNA haplotype (mean h=0.958) diversities were large and did not show any geographical trends. Genetic differentiation between samples was significantly correlated with geographical distance between samples for both microsatellites (FST = 0.028, r super(2) = 0.33) and mtDNA (FST= 0.027, r super(2) = 0.18). Both marker classes showed a strong genetic discontinuity between northwestern and northeastern Pacific populations that likely represents groups previously isolated during glaciations that are now in secondary contact. Significant differences appeared between samples from the Sea of Japan and Okhotsk Sea that may reflect ice-age isolations in the northwest Pacific. In the northeast Pacific, a microsatellite and mtDNA partition was detected between coastal and Georgia Basin populations. The presence of two major coastal mtDNA lineages on either side of the Pacific Ocean basin implies at least two ice-age refugia and separate postglacial population expansions facilitated by different glacial histories. Northward expansions into the Gulf of Alaska were possible 14-15 kyr ago, but deglaciation and colonization of the Georgia Basin probably occurred somewhat later. Population expansions were evident in mtDNA mismatch distributions and in Bayesian skyline plots of the three major lineages, but the start of expansions appeared to pre-date the last glacial maximum. JF - Molecular Ecology AU - Canino, Michael F AU - Spies, Ingrid B AU - Cunningham, Kathryn M AU - Hauser, Lorenz AU - GRANT, WSTEWART AD - *NOAA Fisheries, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115, USA 1, mike.canino@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - Oct 2010 SP - 4339 EP - 4351 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 19 IS - 19 SN - 0962-1083, 0962-1083 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Genetics Abstracts KW - glaciation KW - Bayesian analysis KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Basins KW - Mitochondria KW - Genetic diversity KW - Genotypes KW - INE, USA, Washington KW - INE, Canada, British Columbia, Georgia Basin KW - Marine fish KW - Colonization KW - Differentiation KW - Population genetics KW - IN, North Pacific KW - Haplotypes KW - Palaeoceanography KW - INW, Okhotsk Sea KW - Marine KW - Refuges KW - Microsatellites KW - Deglaciation KW - INW, Japan Sea KW - Refugia KW - Mitochondrial DNA KW - Gadus macrocephalus KW - Oceans KW - DNA KW - Glaciation KW - INE, USA, Alaska, Alaska Gulf KW - Q1 08342:Geographical distribution KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - G 07750:Ecological & Population Genetics KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853474501?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Ecology&rft.atitle=Multiple+ice-age+refugia+in+Pacific+cod%2C+Gadus+macrocephalus&rft.au=Canino%2C+Michael+F%3BSpies%2C+Ingrid+B%3BCunningham%2C+Kathryn+M%3BHauser%2C+Lorenz%3BGRANT%2C+WSTEWART&rft.aulast=Canino&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=4339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Ecology&rft.issn=09621083&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-294X.2010.04815.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 79 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Population genetics; Refuges; Palaeoceanography; Nucleotide sequence; Glaciation; Deglaciation; DNA; Genotypes; Refugia; Differentiation; Colonization; Mitochondrial DNA; Haplotypes; glaciation; Bayesian analysis; Oceans; Microsatellites; Genetic diversity; Mitochondria; Basins; Gadus macrocephalus; IN, North Pacific; INW, Japan Sea; INE, USA, Washington; INW, Okhotsk Sea; INE, Canada, British Columbia, Georgia Basin; INE, USA, Alaska, Alaska Gulf; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04815.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Piracy, Sea Robbery, and Terrorism: Enforcing Laws to Deter Ransom Payments and Hijacking AN - 853230063; 2011-38687 AB - This paper focuses on U.S. and international laws that address piracy and presents several alternatives that may help combat the unlawful attacks on a global level. By negatively affecting the proportionality of the pirate "risk v. reward" ratio, a nation can protect itself from becoming an easy pirate target. Moreover, by enforcing current laws against terrorism, the U.S. may use its existing policy to encourage local ship owners and insurers to find alternative means to paying ransoms to pirates. Figures. Adapted from the source document. JF - Transportation Law Journal AU - Lennox-Gentle, Thaine AD - United States Patent and Trademark Office Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - October 2010 SP - 199 EP - 217 PB - University of Denver College of Law, Colorado VL - 37 IS - 3 SN - 0049-450X, 0049-450X KW - Administration of justice - Police and law enforcement KW - Administration of justice - Crime and criminals KW - International relations - War KW - Law and ethics - International law KW - Transportation and transportation policy - Maritime and inland water transport KW - Banking and public and private finance - International banking and finance and financial institutions KW - Banking and public and private finance - Banking operations and services KW - United States KW - Ships KW - Threats KW - Robbery KW - Terrorism KW - Law enforcement KW - International law KW - Hijacking of ships KW - Payment KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853230063?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transportation+Law+Journal&rft.atitle=Piracy%2C+Sea+Robbery%2C+and+Terrorism%3A+Enforcing+Laws+to+Deter+Ransom+Payments+and+Hijacking&rft.au=Lennox-Gentle%2C+Thaine&rft.aulast=Lennox-Gentle&rft.aufirst=Thaine&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transportation+Law+Journal&rft.issn=0049450X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-16 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Law enforcement; Hijacking of ships; Threats; Terrorism; International law; Ships; Payment; United States; Robbery ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fabrication and characterization of gelatin-based test materials for verification of trace contraband vapor detectors AN - 849439259; 13981348 AB - This work describes a method to produce inexpensive and field deployable test materials that can be used to verify the performance of trace contraband vapor detection systems such as ion mobility spectrometers (IMS) currently deployed worldwide for explosives, narcotics, and chemical warfare agent (CWA) detection. Requirements for such field deployable test materials include long shelf life, portability, and low manufacturing costs. Reported here is a method for fabricating these test materials using encapsulation of high vapor pressure compounds, such as methyl salicylate (MS), into a gelatin matrix. Gelatin serves as a diffusion barrier allowing for controlled and sustained release of test vapors. Test materials were prepared by incorporating serial dilutions of MS into gelatin, which provide controlled analyte vapor release over 3 to 4 orders of magnitude of instrument response. The test materials are simple to prepare and have been shown to be stable for at least one year under controlled laboratory conditions. JF - Analyst (Cambridge UK) AU - Staymates, J L AU - Gillen, G AD - Surface and Microanalysis Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA, jessica.staymates@nist.gov Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - Oct 2010 SP - 2573 EP - 2578 PB - The Royal Society of Chemistry, Thomas Graham House, Milton Road Science Park Cambridge CB4 0WF UK VL - 135 IS - 10 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Barriers KW - Costs KW - Vapor Pressure KW - Materials Testing KW - Spectrometers KW - British Isles KW - Instrument responses KW - Laboratories KW - Storage life KW - Narcotics KW - Operational costs KW - Wastewater Disposal KW - Explosives KW - Fabrication KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q2 09162:Methods and instruments KW - SW 7060:Research facilities UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/849439259?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analyst+%28Cambridge+UK%29&rft.atitle=Fabrication+and+characterization+of+gelatin-based+test+materials+for+verification+of+trace+contraband+vapor+detectors&rft.au=Staymates%2C+J+L%3BGillen%2C+G&rft.aulast=Staymates&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=135&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2573&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analyst+%28Cambridge+UK%29&rft.issn=00032654&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fc0an00380h LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Operational costs; Barriers; Instrument responses; Storage life; Narcotics; Costs; Vapor Pressure; Laboratories; Wastewater Disposal; Explosives; Materials Testing; Fabrication; Spectrometers; British Isles DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c0an00380h ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing habitat utilization and rockfish (Sebastes spp.) biomass on an isolated rocky ridge using acoustics and stereo image analysis AN - 847437535; 13783476 AB - For those marine fish species with specific habitat preferences, a habitat-based assessment may provide an alternative to traditional surveys. We conducted a habitat-based acoustic and stereo image stock assessment survey for rockfishes (Sebastes spp.) on a rocky ridge habitat in the eastern Bering Sea. Video analysis suggested that juvenile and adult rockfishes were more abundant on the seafloor in the rocky ridge area than on the surrounding sandy flats. Over the ridges, the distribution of rockfishes was uniformly low in the water column during nighttime surveys and higher during daytime surveys. The opposite pattern was observed in the video on the seafloor between night (high density) and day (lower density), indicating that fish in the water column during the day moved to the seafloor at night. Mean biomass of adult rockfishes for the rocky ridges was 1.54 10 super(4) tonnes based on acoustic data. The biomass of juvenile fish was estimated to be 9.2 10 super(2) tonnes. Utilization of similar survey methodologies on a larger scale might improve assessment of rockfishes not only in Alaska, but also throughout their range where fishery-independent biomass estimates have been difficult to obtain.Original Abstract: Chez les especes de poissons marins qui possedent des preferences specifiques d'habitat, une evaluation basee sur l'habitat pourrait etre une methode de rechange aux inventaires traditionnels. Nous avons fait un inventaire acoustique et video d'evaluation des stocks des sebastes (Sebastes spp.) base sur l'habitat dans un milieu de crete rocheuse dans l'est de la mer de Bering. L'analyse video indique que les sebastes jeunes et adultes sont plus abondants sur le fond marin dans la region de la crete rocheuse que sur les plats sablonneux adjacents. Sur les cretes, la repartition des sebastes est uniformement basse dans la colonne d'eau durant les inventaires de nuit et plus elevee durant les inventaires de jour. Un patron contraire s'observe par video sur le fond marin entre les inventaires de nuit (densite elevee) et de jour (densite basse), ce qui indique que les poissons qui sont dans la colonne d'eau durant le jour se deplacent vers le fond marin la nuit. La biomasse moyenne des sebastes adultes sur les cretes rocheuses est de 1,54 10 super(4) tonnes d'apres les donnees acoustiques. La biomasse des jeunes poissons est estimee a 9,2 10 super(2) tonnes. L'utilisation de methodes semblables d'inventaire sur une plus grande echelle pourrait ameliorer l'evaluation des sebastes, non seulement en Alaska, mais aussi sur toute leur aire de repartition dans laquelle des estimations des biomasses independantes de la peche sont difficiles a obtenir. JF - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences AU - Rooper, Christopher N AU - Hoff, Gerald R AU - Robertis, Alex De AD - Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle WA 98115, USA., Chris.Rooper@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - Oct 2010 SP - 1658 EP - 1670 PB - NRC Research Press, 1200 Montreal Rd, Bldg M-55, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada, Tel.: 613-993-9084, 613-990-7873 or 1-800-668-1222 (Canada and U.S.), Fax: 613-952-7656, Ottawa ON K1A 0R6 Canada VL - 67 IS - 10 KW - Rockcod KW - Rockfishes KW - Rosefishes KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Acoustic data KW - Habitat selection KW - Water column KW - Marine fish KW - Daytime KW - Habitat utilization KW - Ocean floor KW - marine fishes KW - Acoustics KW - Surveys KW - Image processing KW - Habitat KW - Biomass KW - IN, Bering Sea KW - ridges KW - Fish KW - Ecological distribution KW - habitat preferences KW - Habitats KW - Assessments KW - Nighttime KW - Fisheries KW - stock assessment KW - Biological surveys KW - Marine KW - Data processing KW - Density KW - Stock assessment KW - Habitat preferences KW - INE, USA, Alaska KW - Scales KW - water column KW - Sebastes KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Y 25040:Behavioral Ecology KW - Q1 08342:Geographical distribution KW - SW 0810:General KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/847437535?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences&rft.atitle=Assessing+habitat+utilization+and+rockfish+%28Sebastes+spp.%29+biomass+on+an+isolated+rocky+ridge+using+acoustics+and+stereo+image+analysis&rft.au=Rooper%2C+Christopher+N%3BHoff%2C+Gerald+R%3BRobertis%2C+Alex+De&rft.aulast=Rooper&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1658&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences&rft.issn=1205-7533&rft_id=info:doi/10.1139%2FF10-088 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological surveys; Marine fish; Acoustic data; Ecological distribution; Stock assessment; Biomass; Habitat selection; Habitat; Ocean floor; Daytime; Data processing; Acoustics; Scales; Nighttime; Habitat preferences; Image processing; Habitat utilization; Water column; ridges; marine fishes; habitat preferences; water column; Fish; stock assessment; Habitats; Assessments; Density; Fisheries; Surveys; Sebastes; IN, Bering Sea; INE, USA, Alaska; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/F10-088 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An inexpensive millimeter-accuracy electronic length measuring board AN - 839668456; 13719367 AB - A design is presented for a cost-effective, easy to use, millimeter resolution electronic fish measuring board. The device is easily assembled from commercially available electronic components and a customized electronic control board. The principal component of this design is a magnetostrictive linear distance sensor. This sensor is an alternative to previous approaches in magnetic measuring technology that used magnetoresistive or Hall-effect sensors. The measuring device is connected to a personal computer or personal digital assistant running a data acquisition application. Length measurements are taken by momentarily placing a magnet on the length board sensor at the desired measurement location. The described electronic fish measuring board is a robust, inexpensive and efficient alternative to other methods and devices used to rapidly collect relatively large numbers of high-resolution length measurements. JF - Fisheries Research (Amsterdam) AU - Towler, Richard AU - Williams, Kresimir AD - National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Resource Assessment and Conservation Engineering Division, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115, USA, rick.towler@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - Oct 2010 SP - 107 EP - 111 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 106 IS - 1 SN - 0165-7836, 0165-7836 KW - ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Fish measuring board KW - Fish length measurement KW - Sensors KW - Magnets KW - Computers KW - Measuring devices KW - Data acquisition KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - O 1050:Vertebrates, Urochordates and Cephalochordates KW - Q1 08485:Species interactions: pests and control KW - Q4 27720:Technology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839668456?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=An+inexpensive+millimeter-accuracy+electronic+length+measuring+board&rft.au=Towler%2C+Richard%3BWilliams%2C+Kresimir&rft.aulast=Towler&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=01657836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fishres.2010.06.012 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sensors; Magnets; Measuring devices; Data acquisition; Computers DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2010.06.012 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Arctic report card; update for 2010; tracking recent environmental changes AN - 821968516; 2011-009147 JF - Arctic report card; update for 2010; tracking recent environmental changes A2 - Richter-Menge, Jacqueline A. A2 - Overland, J. E. Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - October 2010 SP - 103 KW - ocean circulation KW - ice KW - Arctic region KW - snow KW - sea ice KW - report KW - Arctic Ocean KW - ecology KW - climate change KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/821968516?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Arctic+report+card%3B+update+for+2010%3B+tracking+recent+environmental+changes&rft.title=Arctic+report+card%3B+update+for+2010%3B+tracking+recent+environmental+changes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Availability - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, United States N1 - SuppNotes - Individual chapters within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Glaciers outside Greenland AN - 821968033; 2011-009155 JF - Arctic report card; update for 2010; tracking recent environmental changes AU - Sharp, M AU - Wolken, G A2 - Richter-Menge, Jacqueline A. A2 - Overland, J. E. Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - October 2010 KW - weather observations KW - Arctic region KW - GRACE KW - glaciers KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - satellite methods KW - climate change KW - mass balance KW - ice KW - snow KW - surveys KW - Arctic Ocean KW - glacial geology KW - meteorology KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/821968033?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Sharp%2C+M%3BWolken%2C+G&rft.aulast=Sharp&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Glaciers+outside+Greenland&rft.title=Glaciers+outside+Greenland&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Availability - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Permafrost AN - 821968006; 2011-009152 JF - Arctic report card; update for 2010; tracking recent environmental changes AU - Romanovsky, V AU - Oberman, N AU - Drozdov, D AU - Malkova, G AU - Kholodov, A AU - Marchenko, S A2 - Richter-Menge, Jacqueline A. A2 - Overland, J. E. Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - October 2010 KW - United States KW - permafrost KW - North Slope KW - Arctic region KW - Northern Alaska KW - surveys KW - Arctic Ocean KW - Alaska KW - frozen ground KW - thawing KW - temperature KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/821968006?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Romanovsky%2C+V%3BOberman%2C+N%3BDrozdov%2C+D%3BMalkova%2C+G%3BKholodov%2C+A%3BMarchenko%2C+S&rft.aulast=Romanovsky&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Permafrost&rft.title=Permafrost&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Availability - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Greenland AN - 821965947; 2011-009156 JF - Arctic report card; update for 2010; tracking recent environmental changes AU - Box, J E AU - Cappelen, J AU - Decker, D AU - Fettweis, X AU - Mote, T AU - Tedesco, M AU - van de Wal, R S W A2 - Richter-Menge, Jacqueline A. A2 - Overland, J. E. Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - October 2010 KW - weather observations KW - Arctic region KW - Greenland ice sheet KW - glaciers KW - ice sheets KW - temperature KW - Greenland KW - atmospheric circulation KW - melting KW - mass balance KW - air KW - seasonal variations KW - glacial geology KW - meteorology KW - meltwater KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/821965947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Box%2C+J+E%3BCappelen%2C+J%3BDecker%2C+D%3BFettweis%2C+X%3BMote%2C+T%3BTedesco%2C+M%3Bvan+de+Wal%2C+R+S+W&rft.aulast=Box&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Greenland&rft.title=Greenland&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Availability - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, United States N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reaching Scientific Consensus Through a Competition AN - 817608745; 13971506 JF - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society AU - Lakshmanan, Valliappa AU - Elmore, Kimberly L AU - Richman, Michael B AD - Cooperative Institute of Mesoscale Meteorological Studies, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/National Severe Storms Laboratory, Norman, Oklahoma Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - Oct 2010 SP - 1423 EP - 1427 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 91 IS - 10 SN - 0003-0007, 0003-0007 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Conferences KW - Meteorology KW - American Meteorological Society KW - Research KW - Competition KW - SW 0540:Properties of water KW - M2 551.5:General (551.5) KW - Q2 09105:Research programmes and expeditions KW - O 2070:Meteorology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/817608745?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+American+Meteorological+Society&rft.atitle=Reaching+Scientific+Consensus+Through+a+Competition&rft.au=Lakshmanan%2C+Valliappa%3BElmore%2C+Kimberly+L%3BRichman%2C+Michael+B&rft.aulast=Lakshmanan&rft.aufirst=Valliappa&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1423&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+American+Meteorological+Society&rft.issn=00030007&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010BAMS2870.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Meteorology; Research; Competition; American Meteorological Society; Conferences DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010BAMS2870.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid-Scan Super-Resolution Observations of a Cyclic Supercell with a Dual-Polarization WSR-88D AN - 817608694; 13971494 AB - In recent years, there has been widespread interest in collecting and analyzing rapid updates of radar data in severe convective storms. To this end, conventional single-polarization rapid-scan radars and phased array radar systems have been employed in numerous studies. However, rapid updates of dual-polarization radar data in storms are not widely available. For this study, a rapid scanning strategy is developed for the polarimetric prototype research Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) radar in Norman, Oklahoma (KOUN), which emulates the future capabilities of a polarimetric multifunction phased array radar (MPAR). With this strategy, data are collected over an 80 sector with 0.5 azimuthal spacing and 250-m radial resolution ("super resolution"), with 12 elevation angles. Thus, full volume scans over a limited area are collected every 71-73 s. The scanning strategy was employed on a cyclic nontornadic supercell storm in western Oklahoma on 1 June 2008. The evolution of the polarimetric signatures in the supercell is analyzed. The repetitive pattern of evolution of these polarimetric features is found to be directly tied to the cyclic occlusion process of the low-level mesocyclone. The cycle for each of the polarimetric signatures is presented and described in detail, complete with a microphysical interpretation. In doing so, for the first time the bulk microphysical properties of the storm on small time scales (inferred from polarimetric data) are analyzed. The documented evolution of the polarimetric signatures could be used operationally to aid in the detection and determination of various stages of the low-level mesocyclone occlusion. JF - Monthly Weather Review AU - Kumjian, Matthew R AU - Ryzhkov, Alexander V AU - Melnikov, Valery M AU - Schuur, Terry J AD - Cooperative Institute for Mesoscale Meteorological Studies, University of Oklahoma, and NOAA/OAR/National Severe Storms Laboratory, Norman, Oklahoma, matthew.kumjian@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - Oct 2010 SP - 3762 EP - 3786 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 138 IS - 10 SN - 0027-0644, 0027-0644 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Supercells KW - Radars/Radar observations KW - Mesocyclones KW - Hail KW - Convective-scale processes KW - Weather KW - Prototypes KW - Storms KW - USA, Oklahoma KW - Occlusions KW - Reviews KW - Elevation KW - Radar KW - Severe convective storms KW - Evolution KW - SW 0540:Properties of water KW - M2 551.508:Instruments (551.508) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/817608694?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Monthly+Weather+Review&rft.atitle=Rapid-Scan+Super-Resolution+Observations+of+a+Cyclic+Supercell+with+a+Dual-Polarization+WSR-88D&rft.au=Kumjian%2C+Matthew+R%3BRyzhkov%2C+Alexander+V%3BMelnikov%2C+Valery+M%3BSchuur%2C+Terry+J&rft.aulast=Kumjian&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=3762&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Monthly+Weather+Review&rft.issn=00270644&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010MWR3322.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 95 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Occlusions; Radar; Supercells; Severe convective storms; Storms; Weather; Prototypes; Reviews; Elevation; Evolution; USA, Oklahoma DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010MWR3322.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative analysis of marine ecosystems: workshop on predator-prey interactions AN - 817604509; 13899931 AB - Climate and human influences on marine ecosystems are largely manifested by changes in predator-prey interactions. It follows that ecosystem-based management of the world's oceans requires a better understanding of food web relationships. An international workshop on predator-prey interactions in marine ecosystems was held at the Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA on 16-18 March 2010. The meeting brought together scientists from diverse fields of expertise including theoretical ecology, animal behaviour, fish and seabird ecology, statistics, fisheries science and ecosystem modelling. The goals of the workshop were to critically examine the methods of scaling-up predator-prey interactions from local observations to systems, the role of shifting ecological processes with scale changes, and the complexity and organizational structure in trophic interactions. JF - Biology Letters AU - Bailey, Kevin M AU - Ciannelli, Lorenzo AU - Hunsicker, Mary AU - Rindorf, Anna AU - Neuenfeldt, Stefan AU - Moellmann, Christian AU - Guichard, Frederic AU - Huse, Geir AD - Alaska Fisheries Science Center, NOAA, Seattle, WA, USA Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - Oct 2010 SP - 579 EP - 581 PB - Royal Society of London, 6 Carlton House Terrace London SW1Y 5AG UK VL - 6 IS - 5 SN - 1744-9561, 1744-9561 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - predator-prey KW - food webs KW - scaling KW - marine ecosystems KW - predator-prey interactions KW - Conferences KW - Climate KW - Statistical analysis KW - fishery sciences KW - Ecology KW - Predator-prey interactions KW - INE, USA, Oregon KW - Oceans KW - Scales KW - Fisheries KW - USA, Oregon, Corvallis KW - Fish KW - Marine ecosystems KW - Food webs KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04030:Models, Methods, Remote Sensing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/817604509?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biology+Letters&rft.atitle=Comparative+analysis+of+marine+ecosystems%3A+workshop+on+predator-prey+interactions&rft.au=Bailey%2C+Kevin+M%3BCiannelli%2C+Lorenzo%3BHunsicker%2C+Mary%3BRindorf%2C+Anna%3BNeuenfeldt%2C+Stefan%3BMoellmann%2C+Christian%3BGuichard%2C+Frederic%3BHuse%2C+Geir&rft.aulast=Bailey&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=579&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biology+Letters&rft.issn=17449561&rft_id=info:doi/10.1098%2Frsbl.2010.0326 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Predator-prey interactions; Conferences; Scales; Oceans; Fisheries; Climate; Statistical analysis; Marine ecosystems; Food webs; Ecology; marine ecosystems; predator-prey interactions; Fish; fishery sciences; food webs; INE, USA, Oregon; USA, Oregon, Corvallis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2010.0326 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bias in Differential Reflectivity due to Cross Coupling through the Radiation Patterns of Polarimetric Weather Radars AN - 815537050; 13851745 AB - Examined is bias in differential reflectivity and its effect on estimates of rain rate due to coupling of the vertically and horizontally polarized fields through the radiation patterns. To that end, a brief review of the effects of the bias on quantitative rainfall measurements is given. Suggestions for tolerable values of this bias are made. Of utmost interest is the bias produced by radars simultaneously transmitting horizontally and vertically polarized fields, as this configuration has been chosen for pending upgrades to the U.S. national network of radars (Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler; WSR-88D). The bias strongly depends on the cross-polar radiation pattern. Two patterns, documented in the literature, are considered. JF - Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology AU - Zrnic, Dusan AU - Doviak, Richard AU - Zhang, Guifu AU - Ryzhkov, Alexander AD - NOAA/National Severe Storms Laboratory, Norman, Oklahoma, dusan.zrnic@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - Oct 2010 SP - 1624 EP - 1637 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 27 IS - 10 SN - 0739-0572, 0739-0572 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Radars/radar observations KW - Rainfall KW - Bias KW - Marine KW - Weather KW - Reflectance KW - Surveillance and enforcement KW - USA KW - Weather radar KW - Radiation KW - Reviews KW - Radar KW - Networks KW - Rain KW - Rainfall measurements KW - SW 0815:Precipitation KW - M2 551.578.1:Liquid (551.578.1) KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling KW - O 6020:Offshore Engineering and Operations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/815537050?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Atmospheric+and+Oceanic+Technology&rft.atitle=Bias+in+Differential+Reflectivity+due+to+Cross+Coupling+through+the+Radiation+Patterns+of+Polarimetric+Weather+Radars&rft.au=Zrnic%2C+Dusan%3BDoviak%2C+Richard%3BZhang%2C+Guifu%3BRyzhkov%2C+Alexander&rft.aulast=Zrnic&rft.aufirst=Dusan&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1624&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Atmospheric+and+Oceanic+Technology&rft.issn=07390572&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JTECHA1350.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reflectance; Surveillance and enforcement; Weather radar; Radiation; Radar; Rainfall measurements; Weather; Rainfall; Reviews; Networks; Rain; USA; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JTECHA1350.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Momentum Flux Budget across the Air-Sea Interface under Uniform and Tropical Cyclone Winds AN - 815536471; 13851771 AB - In coupled ocean-atmosphere models, it is usually assumed that the momentum flux into ocean currents is equal to the flux from air (wind stress). However, when the surface wave field grows (decays) in space or time, it gains (loses) momentum and reduces (increases) the momentum flux into subsurface currents compared to the flux from the wind. In particular, under tropical cyclone (TC) conditions the surface wave field is complex and fast varying in space and time and may significantly affect the momentum flux from wind into ocean. In this paper, numerical experiments are performed to investigate the momentum flux budget across the air-sea interface under both uniform and idealized TC winds. The wave fields are simulated using the WAVEWATCH III model. The difference between the momentum flux from wind and the flux into currents is estimated using an air-sea momentum flux budget model. In many of the experiments, the momentum flux into currents is significantly reduced relative to the flux from the wind. The percentage of this reduction depends on the choice of the drag coefficient parameterization and can be as large as 25%. For the TC cases, the reduction is mainly in the right-rear quadrant of the hurricane, and the percentage of the flux reduction is insensitive to the changes of the storm size and the asymmetry in the wind field but varies with the TC translation speed and the storm intensity. The results of this study suggest that it is important to explicitly resolve the effect of surface waves for accurate estimations of the momentum flux into currents under TCs. JF - Journal of Physical Oceanography AU - Fan, Yalin AU - Ginis, Isaac AU - Hara, Tetsu AD - Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Program, Princeton University, and NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey, yalinfan@princeton.edu Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - Oct 2010 SP - 2221 EP - 2242 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 40 IS - 10 SN - 0022-3670, 0022-3670 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Air-sea flux KW - Surface water waves KW - Atmospheric circulation-oceanic circulation coupled models KW - Storms KW - Wind fields KW - Subsurface currents KW - Air-sea coupling KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Momentum transfer, sea-atmosphere KW - Decay KW - Drag coefficient KW - budgets KW - Marine KW - Stress KW - cyclones KW - Air-water interface KW - ocean currents KW - Air-sea interaction KW - Ocean currents KW - Hurricanes KW - Currents KW - Translations KW - Oceans KW - Momentum flux KW - Drag coefficients KW - Momentum transfer KW - M2 551.465:Structure/Dynamics/Circulation (551.465) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling KW - O 2070:Meteorology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/815536471?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Physical+Oceanography&rft.atitle=Momentum+Flux+Budget+across+the+Air-Sea+Interface+under+Uniform+and+Tropical+Cyclone+Winds&rft.au=Fan%2C+Yalin%3BGinis%2C+Isaac%3BHara%2C+Tetsu&rft.aulast=Fan&rft.aufirst=Yalin&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Physical+Oceanography&rft.issn=00223670&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JPO4299.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hurricanes; Translations; Air-sea coupling; Surface water waves; Ocean-atmosphere system; Drag coefficient; Wind fields; Air-water interface; Momentum transfer; Ocean currents; Air-sea interaction; Air-sea flux; Subsurface currents; Momentum transfer, sea-atmosphere; Drag coefficients; Momentum flux; Atmospheric circulation-oceanic circulation coupled models; Storms; Currents; Oceans; Stress; Decay; cyclones; budgets; ocean currents; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JPO4299.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Native fish diversity alters the effects of an invasive species on food webs AN - 807285734; 13921713 AB - Aquatic communities have been altered by invasive species, with impacts on native biodiversity and ecosystem function. At the same time, native biodiversity may mitigate the effects of an invader. Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) is a ubiquitous, invasive fish species that strongly influences community and ecosystem processes. We used common carp to test whether the potential effects of an invasive species are altered across a range of species diversity in native communities. In mesocosms, treatments of zero, one, three, and six native fish species were used to represent the nested subset patterns observed in fish communities of lakes in Illinois, USA. The effect of the invader was tested across fish richness treatments by adding common carp to the native community and substituting native biomass with common carp. Native species and intraspecific effects reduced invader growth. The invader reduced native fish growth; however, the negative effect was minimized with increasing native richness. The zooplankton grazer community was modified by a top-down effect from the invader that increased the amount of phytoplankton. Neither the invader nor richness treatments influenced total phosphorus or community metabolism. Overall, the invader reduced resources for native species, and the effect scaled with how the invader was incorporated into the community. Higher native diversity mitigated the impact of the invader, confirming the need to consider biodiversity when predicting the impacts of invasive species. JF - Ecology AU - Carey, M P AU - Wahl, D H AD - NOAA Fisheries, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, 2725 Montlake Boulevard East, Seattle, Washington 98112 USA, Michael.P.Carey@noaa.gov A2 - Schindler, DE (ed) Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - Oct 2010 SP - 2965 EP - 2974 VL - 91 IS - 10 SN - 0012-9658, 0012-9658 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Phosphorus KW - Biological diversity KW - Phytoplankton KW - Biodiversity KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Lakes KW - Growth KW - Aquatic communities KW - invasive species KW - food webs KW - Food webs KW - USA, Illinois KW - Invasive Species KW - Zooplankton KW - Biomass KW - Mesocosms KW - Indigenous species KW - Community composition KW - Cyprinus carpio KW - Species diversity KW - Fish KW - Introduced species KW - Metabolism KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08485:Species interactions: pests and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/807285734?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecology&rft.atitle=Native+fish+diversity+alters+the+effects+of+an+invasive+species+on+food+webs&rft.au=Carey%2C+M+P%3BWahl%2C+D+H&rft.aulast=Carey&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2965&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecology&rft.issn=00129658&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Community composition; Growth; Invasive Species; Species diversity; Biodiversity; Freshwater fish; Introduced species; Food webs; Mesocosms; Zooplankton; Phosphorus; Phytoplankton; Biomass; Indigenous species; Lakes; Aquatic communities; Metabolism; invasive species; Biological diversity; Fish; food webs; Cyprinus carpio; USA, Illinois; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Adequacy of Observing Systems in Monitoring the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and North Atlantic Climate AN - 807284084; 13851770 AB - The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) has an important influence on climate, and yet adequate observations of this circulation are lacking. Here, the authors assess the adequacy of past and current widely deployed routine observing systems for monitoring the AMOC and associated North Atlantic climate. To do so, this study draws on two independent simulations of the twentieth century using an Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) coupled climate model. One simulation is treated as "truth" and is sampled according to the observing system being evaluated. The authors then assimilate these synthetic "observations" into the second simulation within a fully coupled system that instantaneously exchanges information among all coupled components and produces a nearly balanced and coherent estimate for global climate states including the North Atlantic climate system. The degree to which the assimilation recovers the truth is an assessment of the adequacy of the observing system being evaluated. As the coupled system responds to the constraint of the atmosphere or ocean, the assessment of the recovery for climate quantities such as Labrador Sea Water (LSW) and the North Atlantic Oscillation increases the understanding of the factors that determine AMOC variability. For example, the low-frequency sea surface forcings provided by the atmospheric and sea surface temperature observations are found to excite a LSW variation that governs the long-time-scale variability of the AMOC. When the most complete modern observing system, consisting of atmospheric winds and temperature, is used along with Argo ocean temperature and salinity down to 2000 m, a skill estimate of AMOC reconstruction is 90% (out of 100% maximum). Similarly encouraging results hold for other quantities, such as the LSW. The past XBT observing system, in which deep-ocean temperature and salinity were not available, has a lesser ability to recover the truth AMOC (the skill is reduced to 52%). While these results raise concerns about the ability to properly characterize past variations of the AMOC, they also hold promise for future monitoring of the AMOC and for initializing prediction models. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Zhang, S AU - Rosati, A AU - Delworth, T AD - Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, shaoqing.zhang@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - October 2010 SP - 5311 EP - 5324 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 23 IS - 19 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Meridional overturning circulation KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Coupled models KW - Climate sensitivity KW - Climate prediction KW - North Atlantic Oscillation KW - Marine KW - Meteorological data KW - XBTs KW - Oscillations KW - Climate change KW - Ocean circulation KW - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change KW - AN, North Atlantic KW - Atmospheric circulation-oceanic circulation coupled models KW - Data assimilation KW - ANE, Atlantic, Labrador Sea Water KW - Numerical simulations KW - Air-sea coupling KW - Atmospheric forcing KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Paleoceanography KW - AN, North Atlantic, North Atlantic Oscillation KW - Oceanographic data KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - O 2010:Physical Oceanography KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/807284084?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=The+Adequacy+of+Observing+Systems+in+Monitoring+the+Atlantic+Meridional+Overturning+Circulation+and+North+Atlantic+Climate&rft.au=Zhang%2C+S%3BRosati%2C+A%3BDelworth%2C+T&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=5311&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JCLI3677.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - XBTs; Oscillations; Air-sea coupling; Climate change; Atmospheric forcing; Ocean-atmosphere system; Ocean circulation; North Atlantic Oscillation; Meridional overturning circulation; Meteorological data; Numerical simulations; Paleoceanography; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; Atmospheric circulation-oceanic circulation coupled models; Data assimilation; Oceanographic data; ANE, Atlantic, Labrador Sea Water; AN, North Atlantic; AN, North Atlantic, North Atlantic Oscillation; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JCLI3677.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Real-Time Algorithm for the Correction of Brightband Effects in Radar-Derived QPE AN - 807282995; 13848128 AB - The bright band (BB) is a layer of enhanced reflectivity due to melting of aggregated snow and ice crystals. The locally high reflectivity causes significant overestimation in radar precipitation estimates if an appropriate correction is not applied. The main objective of the current study is to develop a method that automatically corrects for large errors due to BB effects in a real-time national radar quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) product. An approach that combines the mean apparent vertical profile of reflectivity (VPR) computed from a volume scan of radar reflectivity observations and an idealized linear VPR model was used for computational efficiency. The methodology was tested for eight events from different regions and seasons in the United States. The VPR correction was found to be effective and robust in reducing overestimation errors in radar-derived QPE, and the corrected radar precipitation fields showed physically continuous distributions. The correction worked consistently well for radars in flat land regions because of the relatively uniform spatial distributions of the BB in those areas. For radars in mountainous regions, the performance of the correction is mixed because of limited radar visibility in addition to large spatial variations of the vertical precipitation structure due to underlying topography. JF - Journal of Hydrometeorology AU - Zhang, Jian AU - Qi, Youcun AD - NOAA/OAR/National Severe Storms Laboratory, Norman, Oklahoma, jian.zhang@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - Oct 2010 SP - 1157 EP - 1171 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 11 IS - 5 SN - 1525-755X, 1525-755X KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Reflectance KW - Spatial distribution KW - Melting KW - Spatial variations KW - Precipitation estimation KW - Radar reflectivity KW - Seasonal variability KW - Topography KW - Ice KW - Mathematical models KW - Snow KW - Snow and ice KW - Precipitation KW - Errors KW - Vertical profiles KW - Hydrometeorology KW - USA KW - Hydrometeorological research KW - Radar KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q2 09162:Methods and instruments KW - M2 551.579.1:Water supply from precipitation (551.579.1) KW - SW 0820:Snow, ice and frost UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/807282995?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.atitle=A+Real-Time+Algorithm+for+the+Correction+of+Brightband+Effects+in+Radar-Derived+QPE&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Jian%3BQi%2C+Youcun&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Jian&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.issn=1525755X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JHM1201.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Spatial variations; Mathematical models; Reflectance; Snow; Radar; Vertical profiles; Hydrometeorological research; Precipitation estimation; Radar reflectivity; Spatial distribution; Snow and ice; Seasonal variability; Precipitation; Topography; Hydrometeorology; Melting; Ice; Errors; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JHM1201.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Heat Transfer Model for Firefighters' Protective Clothing, Continued Developments in Protective Clothing Modeling AN - 787299040; 13705348 AB - In the year 2000, a paper entitled "A Heat Transfer Model for Firefighters' Protective Clothing" was published in Volume 36, No. 1, of Fire Technology, and it received the 2001 Harry C. Bigglestone Award for Excellence in Written Communication of Fire Protection Concepts from The Fire Protection Research Foundation. Since the publication of this paper, there has been additional development of the heat transfer model. The radiant heat transfer element has been refined, and the model can now address predictions of heat transfer through wet protective clothing materials. Additionally, there has been an extension of the thermal properties database for fabric materials used to manufacture firefighters' protective clothing. These improvements have significantly expanded the capabilities of the model and provide users with a more robust tool for economically predicting thermal protective clothing performance. JF - Fire Technology AU - Lawson, James R AU - Mell, William E AU - Prasad, Kuldeep AD - Fire Fighting Technology Group, Fire Research Division, Building and Fire Research Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8661, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899-8661, USA, james.lawson@nist.gov Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - Oct 2010 SP - 833 EP - 841 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 46 IS - 4 SN - 0015-2684, 0015-2684 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Fabrics KW - Fires KW - Protective clothing KW - Communications KW - firefighter services KW - awards KW - heat transfer KW - Technology KW - H 7000:Fire Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/787299040?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fire+Technology&rft.atitle=A+Heat+Transfer+Model+for+Firefighters%27+Protective+Clothing%2C+Continued+Developments+in+Protective+Clothing+Modeling&rft.au=Lawson%2C+James+R%3BMell%2C+William+E%3BPrasad%2C+Kuldeep&rft.aulast=Lawson&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=833&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fire+Technology&rft.issn=00152684&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10694-010-0139-z LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fabrics; Fires; Protective clothing; Communications; firefighter services; awards; heat transfer; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10694-010-0139-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global distribution of ciguatera causing dinoflagellates in the genus Gambierdiscus AN - 787108425; 13531117 AB - Dinoflagellates in the genus Gambierdiscus produce toxins that bioaccumulate in tropical and sub-tropical fishes causing ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP). Little is known about the diversity and distribution of Gambierdiscus species, the degree to which individual species vary in toxicity, and the role each plays in causing CFP. This paper presents the first global distribution of Gambierdiscus species. Phylogenetic analyses of the existing isolates indicate that five species are endemic to the Atlantic (including the Caribbean/West Indies and Gulf of Mexico), five are endemic to the tropical Pacific, and that two species, Gambierdiscus carpenteri and Gambierdiscus caribaeus are globally distributed. The differences in Gambierdiscus species composition in the Atlantic and Pacific correlated with structural differences in the ciguatoxins reported from Atlantic and Pacific fish. This correlation supports the hypothesis that Gambierdiscus species in each region produce different toxin suites. A literature survey indicated a >100-fold variation in toxicity among species compared with a 2 to 9-fold within species variation due to changing growth conditions. These observations suggest that CFP events are driven more by inherent differences in species toxicity than by environmental modulation. How variations in species toxicity may affect the development of an early warning system for CFP is discussed. JF - Toxicon AU - Litaker, RWayne AU - Vandersea, Mark W AU - Faust, Maria A AU - Kibler, Steven R AU - Nau, Amy W AU - Holland, William C AU - Chinain, Mireille AU - Holmes, Michael J AU - Tester, Patricia A AD - NOS/NOAA, Center for Coastal Fisheries and Habitat Research, 101 Pivers Island Road, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - Oct 2010 SP - 711 EP - 730 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK VL - 56 IS - 5 SN - 0041-0101, 0041-0101 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Biogeography KW - CFP KW - Ciguatera fish poisoning KW - Gambierdiscus australes KW - G. belizeanus KW - G. caribaeus KW - G. carpenteri KW - G. carolinianus KW - G. pacificus KW - G. polynesiensis KW - G. ruetzleri KW - G. toxicus KW - G. yasumotoi KW - Maitotoxin KW - Monitoring KW - Phylogeny KW - Ribotype KW - Toxicants KW - Growth conditions KW - Phytoplankton KW - IS, Tropical Pacific KW - Endemic species KW - Dinoflagellates KW - Species composition KW - ASW, Caribbean Sea, West Indies KW - Gambierdiscus KW - growth conditions KW - Poisoning KW - Toxicity KW - Warning systems KW - Toxins KW - Ciguatera KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Literature reviews KW - Fish poisoning KW - Fish KW - Ciguatoxin KW - Literature surveys KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - Q1 08345:Genetics and evolution KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - X 24320:Food Additives & Contaminants KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/787108425?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicon&rft.atitle=Global+distribution+of+ciguatera+causing+dinoflagellates+in+the+genus+Gambierdiscus&rft.au=Litaker%2C+RWayne%3BVandersea%2C+Mark+W%3BFaust%2C+Maria+A%3BKibler%2C+Steven+R%3BNau%2C+Amy+W%3BHolland%2C+William+C%3BChinain%2C+Mireille%3BHolmes%2C+Michael+J%3BTester%2C+Patricia+A&rft.aulast=Litaker&rft.aufirst=RWayne&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=711&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicon&rft.issn=00410101&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.toxicon.2010.05.017 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Endemic species; Bioaccumulation; Literature reviews; Toxicants; Fish poisoning; Phytoplankton; Ciguatoxin; Toxicity; Ciguatera; Phylogeny; Growth conditions; Poisoning; Dinoflagellates; Species composition; Toxins; growth conditions; Fish; Literature surveys; Warning systems; Gambierdiscus; ASW, Mexico Gulf; ASW, Caribbean Sea, West Indies; IS, Tropical Pacific DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2010.05.017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ciguatera fish poisoning and sea surface temperatures in the Caribbean Sea and the West Indies AN - 787108270; 13531119 AB - Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) is a circumtropical disease caused by ingestion of a variety of reef fish that bioaccumulate algal toxins. Distribution and abundance of the organisms that produce these toxins, chiefly dinoflagellates of the genus Gambierdiscus, are reported to correlate positively with water temperature. Consequently, there is growing concern that increasing temperatures associated with climate change could increase the incidence of CFP. This concern prompted experiments on the growth rates of six Gambierdiscus species at temperatures between 18 degree C and 33 degree C and the examination of sea surface temperatures in the Caribbean and West Indies for areas that could sustain rapid Gambierdiscus growth rates year-round. The thermal optimum for five of six Gambierdiscus species tested was identical with 29 degree C. Long-term SST data from the southern Gulf of Mexico indicate the number of days with sea surface temperatures identical with 29 degree C has nearly doubled (44 to 86) in the last three decades. To determine how the sea surface temperatures and Gambierdiscus growth data correlate with CFP incidences in the Caribbean, a literature review and a uniform, region-wide survey (1996-2006) of CFP cases were conducted. The highest CFP incidence rates were in the eastern Caribbean where water temperatures are warmest and least variable. JF - Toxicon AU - Tester, Patricia A AU - Feldman, Rebecca L AU - Nau, Amy W AU - Kibler, Steven R AU - Wayne Litaker, R AD - National Ocean Service, NOAA, 101 Pivers Island Road, Beaufort, NC 28516, United States of America Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - October 2010 SP - 698 EP - 710 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK VL - 56 IS - 5 SN - 0041-0101, 0041-0101 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Gambierdiscus carolinianus KW - G. pacificus KW - G. ruetzleri KW - G. belizeanus KW - G. caribaeus KW - Gambierdiscus Ribotype 2 KW - Dinoflagellate KW - Growth rates KW - Climate change KW - Ciguatoxins KW - Incidence rates KW - Tropical Pacific Ocean KW - CFP KW - Reefs KW - Toxicants KW - Climatic changes KW - Abundance KW - ASW, Caribbean Sea KW - Dinoflagellates KW - Algae KW - Growth rate KW - Temperature effects KW - ASW, Caribbean Sea, West Indies KW - Gambierdiscus KW - Data processing KW - Quantitative distribution KW - Temperature KW - Poisoning KW - Water temperature KW - Toxicity KW - Toxins KW - Ciguatera KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - Literature reviews KW - Reviews KW - Fish poisoning KW - Fish KW - water temperature KW - Reef fish KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - X 24320:Food Additives & Contaminants KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/787108270?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicon&rft.atitle=Ciguatera+fish+poisoning+and+sea+surface+temperatures+in+the+Caribbean+Sea+and+the+West+Indies&rft.au=Tester%2C+Patricia+A%3BFeldman%2C+Rebecca+L%3BNau%2C+Amy+W%3BKibler%2C+Steven+R%3BWayne+Litaker%2C+R&rft.aulast=Tester&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=698&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicon&rft.issn=00410101&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.toxicon.2010.02.026 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Growth rate; Literature reviews; Toxicants; Quantitative distribution; Fish poisoning; Toxicity; Reef fish; Ciguatera; Reefs; Data processing; Abundance; Climatic changes; Dinoflagellates; Poisoning; Water temperature; Toxins; Algae; Reviews; Climate change; Temperature; Fish; water temperature; Gambierdiscus; ASW, Mexico Gulf; ASW, Caribbean Sea, West Indies; ASW, Caribbean Sea DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2010.02.026 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sizing the government AN - 772297046; 201058530 AB - Is there such a thing as an optimal government size? We investigate the so-called Armey curve, which claims an inverted U-shaped relationship between government size and economic performance, using non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The DEA scores are linked to control variables, such as initial per capita income, openness, population density, urbanization, country size and family size. For 23 OECD-countries we estimate the country specific efficiency scores, which reveal the extent to which a country uses excess public resources to achieve the observed growth rate of GDP. Adapted from the source document. JF - Public Choice AU - De Witte, Kristof AU - Moesen, Wim AD - Center for Economic Studies, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KUL), Naamsestraat 69, 3000 Leuven, Belgium kristof.dewitte@econ.kuleuven.be Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - October 2010 SP - 39 EP - 55 PB - Springer, Dordrecht The Netherlands VL - 145 IS - 1-2 SN - 0048-5829, 0048-5829 KW - Data envelopment analysis Government size Public sector performance Armey-curve KW - Gross Domestic Product KW - Efficiency KW - Urbanization KW - Government Size KW - Population Density KW - Family Size KW - Performance KW - article KW - 9141: political economy; political economy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/772297046?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awpsa&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+Choice&rft.atitle=Sizing+the+government&rft.au=De+Witte%2C+Kristof%3BMoesen%2C+Wim&rft.aulast=De+Witte&rft.aufirst=Kristof&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=145&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Public+Choice&rft.issn=00485829&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11127-009-9527-7 LA - English DB - Worldwide Political Science Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-11 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - PUCHBX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Government Size; Efficiency; Urbanization; Population Density; Performance; Family Size; Gross Domestic Product DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-009-9527-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes of time mean state and variability of hydrology in response to a doubling and quadrupling of CO sub(2) AN - 762282446; 13810238 AB - This paper examines the subject of hydrologic variability and its changes in two separate integrations of a coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model developed at the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory/NOAA assuming a 1% per year increase to a doubling and quadrupling of CO sub(2), respectively. Changes in time mean state and variability of precipitation, runoff and soil moisture are evaluated using monthly and seasonal mean data derived from these integrations. Various statistical tests are then performed on the resulting time mean and variability changes. The patterns of hydrologic change for these three quantities are similar to those obtained from previous studies. In northern middle to higher latitudes for the time means, the changes include increases in monthly mean precipitation, increases in monthly mean runoff during the fall, winter and spring seasons and decreases of monthly mean soil moisture during summer. Many of these changes are found to be statistically significant at the 5% significance level for both the time mean and variability especially for the results where CO sub(2) is quadrupled such as monthly mean precipitation. Significant changes also include increases of runoff variability during spring, winter and spring and increases of soil moisture variability during the summer season. These results support statements made in previous IPCC reports that increasing greenhouse gases can lead to more severe and frequent floods and droughts depending upon season and latitude. This study also indicates that the approaches to equilibrium of these two integrations, and the resulting hydrologic changes, take place over time scales of hundreds of years in agreement with several previous investigations. JF - Climatic Change AU - Wetherald, Richard T AD - Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL), NOAA, Princeton, NJ, 08542, USA, Dick.Wetherald@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - October 2010 SP - 651 EP - 670 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 102 IS - 3-4 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Variability KW - Rainfall KW - Climate change KW - Monthly mean precipitation KW - Statistical analysis KW - Soil Water KW - fluid dynamics KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Floods KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Hydrology KW - Seasonal variability KW - Seasonal variations KW - Droughts KW - Marine KW - Rainfall-runoff Relationships KW - Rainfall runoff KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Precipitation KW - winter KW - General circulation models KW - Fluid dynamics KW - summer KW - Moisture Content KW - latitude KW - Soil moisture KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Runoff KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q2 09161:General KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - M2 556.16:Runoff (556.16) KW - SW 7060:Research facilities UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/762282446?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Changes+of+time+mean+state+and+variability+of+hydrology+in+response+to+a+doubling+and+quadrupling+of+CO+sub%282%29&rft.au=Wetherald%2C+Richard+T&rft.aulast=Wetherald&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=651&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10584-009-9701-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climate change; Ocean-atmosphere system; Fluid dynamics; Hydrology; Atmospheric circulation; Greenhouse effect; Carbon dioxide; Droughts; Runoff; Rainfall runoff; General circulation models; Statistical analysis; Monthly mean precipitation; Seasonal variability; Precipitation; Greenhouse gases; Soil moisture; winter; Rainfall; summer; latitude; fluid dynamics; Seasonal variations; Variability; Hydrologic Models; Floods; Rainfall-runoff Relationships; Moisture Content; Soil Water; Carbon Dioxide; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-009-9701-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mercury species measured atop the Moody Tower TRAMP site, Houston, Texas AN - 762268566; 13681205 AB - Atmospheric mercury speciation was monitored within Houston, Texas, USA, August 6-October 14, 2006 as part of the TexAQS Radical and Aerosol Measurement Program (TRAMP). On average, all mercury levels were significantly elevated compared to a rural Gulf of Mexico coastal site. Concentrations varied from very clean to very dirty. Multi-day periods of stagnant or low-wind conditions brought elevated concentrations of all mercury species, whereas multi-day periods of strong winds, particularly southerly winds off the Gulf of Mexico, brought very low values of mercury species. Over the entire mercury measurement period, the daily averages of mercury species showed distinct and consistent relationships with the average planetary boundary layer dynamics, with gaseous elemental and particulate-bound mercury near-surface concentrations enhanced by a shallow nocturnal boundary layer, and reactive gaseous mercury concentration enhanced by midday convective boundary layer air entrainment transporting air aloft to the surface. Mercury concentrations were not significantly correlated with known products of combustion, likely indicating non-combustion mercury sources from the Houston area petrochemical complexes. On the morning of August 31, 2006 an observed emission event at a refinery complex on the Houston Ship Channel resulted in extremely high concentrations of aerosol mass and particulate-bound mercury at the TRAMP measurement site 20aakm downwind. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Brooks, Steven AU - Luke, Winston AU - Cohen, Mark AU - Kelly, Paul AU - Lefer, Barry AU - Rappenglueck, Bernhard AD - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Atmospheric Turbulence and Diffusion Division, Liaison to Canaan Valley Institute, 456 S. Illinois Ave., Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA, steve.brooks@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - October 2010 SP - 4045 EP - 4055 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 44 IS - 33 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Boundary layer dynamics KW - Entrainment KW - Mercury sources KW - Refineries KW - ASW, USA, Texas KW - Chemical speciation KW - Nocturnal boundary layer KW - Emissions KW - Coastal inlets KW - USA, Texas, Houston KW - Wind KW - Strong winds KW - Mercury in the atmosphere KW - Towers KW - Aerosols KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Convective boundary layer KW - Combustion KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - Channels KW - Oil refineries KW - Boundary layers KW - Aerosol measurements KW - Mercury KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - O 4080:Pollution - Control and Prevention KW - Q2 09124:Coastal zone management KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/762268566?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Mercury+species+measured+atop+the+Moody+Tower+TRAMP+site%2C+Houston%2C+Texas&rft.au=Brooks%2C+Steven%3BLuke%2C+Winston%3BCohen%2C+Mark%3BKelly%2C+Paul%3BLefer%2C+Barry%3BRappenglueck%2C+Bernhard&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=33&rft.spage=4045&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2009.02.009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Towers; Aerosols; Oil refineries; Boundary layers; Mercury; Coastal inlets; Mercury in the atmosphere; Boundary layer dynamics; Entrainment; Atmospheric pollution; Nocturnal boundary layer; Aerosol measurements; Convective boundary layer; Mercury sources; Strong winds; Channels; Chemical speciation; Emissions; Refineries; Wind; Combustion; ASW, Mexico Gulf; ASW, USA, Texas; USA, Texas, Houston DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.02.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Energy dynamics and growth of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) from the Central Valley of California during the estuarine phase and first ocean year AN - 759322198; 13783469 AB - The greatest rates of energy accumulation and growth in subyearling Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) occurred during the first month following ocean entry, supporting the importance of this critical period. Data from an 11-year study in the coastal ocean off California and the San Francisco Estuary revealed that juvenile salmon gained 3.2 kJ.day super(-1) and 0.8 g.day super(-1), representing 4.3%.day super(-1) and 5.2% day super(-1), respectively, relative to estuary exit values. Little gain in energy (0.28 kJ.day super(-1)) or size (0.07 g.day super(-1)) occurred in the estuary, indicating that the nursery function typically ascribed to estuaries can be deferred to initial ocean residence. Calculated northern anchovies (Engraulis mordax) equivalents to meet energy gains were one anchovy per day in the estuary (8% body weight.day super(-1)) and about three per day immediately following ocean entry (15% body weight.day super(-1)). Energy content in the estuary was positively related to higher salinity and lower freshwater outflow, whereas in the ocean, cooler temperatures, lower sea level, and greater upwelling resulted in greater gains. These results suggest that greater freshwater flows, warmer sea temperatures, and reduced or delayed upwelling, all of which are indicated by some (but not all) climate models, will likely decrease growth of juvenile Chinook salmon, leading to reduced survival.Original Abstract: Les taux les plus importants d'accumulation d'energie et de croissance chez les saumons chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) de moins d'un an ont lieu durant le premier mois qui suit leur entree dans l'ocean, ce qui souligne l'importance de cette periode critique. Des donnees tirees d'une etude de 11 annees dans l'ocean cotier au large de la Californie et de l'estuaire de San Francisco indiquent que les jeunes saumons ont accumule 3,2 kJ.jour super(-1) et 0,8 g.jour super(-1), ce qui represente respectivement 4,3 %.jour super(-1) et 5,2 %.jour super(-1), par rapport aux valeurs a la sortie de l'estuaire. Il se produit peu de gains en energie (0,28 kJ.jour super(-1)) ou en taille (0,07 g.jour super(-1)) dans l'estuaire, ce qui veut dire que la fonction de nourricerie typiquement assignee aux estuaires doit etre attribuee plutot a la residence initiale dans l'ocean. Les equivalents calcules en anchois du Pacifique (Engraulis mordax) necessaires pour expliquer les gains d'energie sont d'un anchois par jour dans l'estuaire (8 % de la masse corporelle.jour super(-1)) et environ trois par jour immediatement apres la penetration dans l'ocean (15 % de la masse corporelle.jour super(-1)). Le contenu energetique de l'estuaire est en relation positive avec une salinite elevee et un apport reduit d'eau douce, alors que dans l'ocean, les temperatures plus fraiches, le niveau plus bas de la mer et les resurgences plus importantes entrainent des gains plus marques. Nos resultats indiquent que des apports plus considerables d'eau douce, des temperatures de la mer plus elevees et des resurgences reduites ou retardees, tous des phenomenes signales dans certains modeles climatiques (mais pas tous), vont vraisemblablement reduire la croissance des saumons chinook et mener a une diminution de la survie. JF - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences AU - MacFarlane, RBruce AD - National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Fisheries Ecology Division, 110 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA ()., Bruce.MacFarlane@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - Oct 2010 SP - 1549 EP - 1565 PB - NRC Research Press, 1200 Montreal Rd, Bldg M-55, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada, Tel.: 613-993-9084, 613-990-7873 or 1-800-668-1222 (Canada and U.S.), Fax: 613-952-7656, Ottawa ON K1A 0R6 Canada VL - 67 IS - 10 KW - Chinook salmon KW - Northern anchovy KW - ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Engraulis mordax KW - Sea level KW - Upwelling KW - Anadromous species KW - outflow KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Salinity KW - Salmon KW - Freshwater environments KW - Estuaries KW - Brackish KW - Growth Rates KW - salmon KW - survival KW - Nursery grounds KW - Survival KW - Models KW - Growth KW - Salinity effects KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Brackishwater environment KW - INE, USA, California, San Francisco Estuary KW - Temperature effects KW - Growth rate KW - Marine KW - Data processing KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Temperature KW - Oceans KW - Energy KW - Critical period KW - USA, California, Central Valley KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - Q1 08342:Geographical distribution KW - Q4 27750:Environmental KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - SW 0890:Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/759322198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences&rft.atitle=Energy+dynamics+and+growth+of+Chinook+salmon+%28Oncorhynchus+tshawytscha%29+from+the+Central+Valley+of+California+during+the+estuarine+phase+and+first+ocean+year&rft.au=MacFarlane%2C+RBruce&rft.aulast=MacFarlane&rft.aufirst=RBruce&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1549&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences&rft.issn=1205-7533&rft_id=info:doi/10.1139%2FF10-080 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 78 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Sea level; Upwelling; Anadromous species; Climate; Nursery grounds; Estuaries; Ocean-atmosphere system; Brackishwater environment; Temperature effects; Data processing; Freshwater environments; Salinity effects; Energy; Oceans; Survival; Critical period; Models; Growth; Salinity; Temperature; outflow; salmon; survival; Salmon; Climates; Growth Rates; Engraulis mordax; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; USA, California, Central Valley; INE, USA, California, San Francisco Estuary; Marine; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/F10-080 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A preferred approach for the cognitive testing of translated materials: testing the source version as a basis for comparison AN - 758121877; 201056245 AB - In recent years, a growing amount of research has demonstrated that parallel development of different language versions of a survey instrument is a preferred method to enhance the collection of equivalent data across language groups. This method involves the simultaneous development and pretesting of different language versions of a questionnaire in order to allow for two-way feedback and to maximize the likelihood that each version is culturally and linguistically appropriate for its target population. Unfortunately, it is common practice among many large survey organizations to pretest and finalize source language versions of survey questions and other materials prior to having them translated. Pretesting of translations does not always take place and when it does, the source language documents have often been finalized and the results of the translation pretesting cannot have any impact on further revisions to the source documents. This paper describes a methodological approach for the cognitive testing of a translation that can be used when pure parallel development of different language versions of a survey instrument is not feasible. In short, we examine the advantages of cognitively testing both source language materials and translations concurrently, even when source materials have already been finalized. Methodological, cost, and logistical implications are discussed. Adapted from the source document. JF - International Journal of Social Research Methodology AU - Goerman, Patricia L AU - Caspar, Rachel A AD - Statistical Research Division, US Census Bureau, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - October 2010 SP - 303 EP - 316 PB - Taylor & Francis, Abingdon UK VL - 13 IS - 4 SN - 1364-5579, 1364-5579 KW - pretesting of survey translations cognitive interviews in non-English languages bilingual questionnaires KW - Measurement KW - Cognitive Development KW - Tests KW - Surveys KW - Language KW - article KW - 0104: methodology and research technology; research methods/tools UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/758121877?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Social+Research+Methodology&rft.atitle=A+preferred+approach+for+the+cognitive+testing+of+translated+materials%3A+testing+the+source+version+as+a+basis+for+comparison&rft.au=Goerman%2C+Patricia+L%3BCaspar%2C+Rachel+A&rft.aulast=Goerman&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Social+Research+Methodology&rft.issn=13645579&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F13645570903251516 LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-21 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Language; Surveys; Tests; Measurement; Cognitive Development DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13645570903251516 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the possibility of extending the IGRF predictive secular variation model to a higher SH degree AN - 1832657371; 782223-9 AB - The International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) is an internationally agreed global spherical harmonic model of the Earth's magnetic field of internal origin. It is currently computed every five years in the form of a model describing this field up to degree 13 at a reference epoch, plus a secular variation model up to degree 8, best estimating the linear evolution of this field over the following five years. Such a simple description of the field evolution is thought to provide a good enough prediction of the field, both for navigational and internationally agreed reference purposes (the very purpose of IGRF models). In particular, it assumes that any change in the field described by spherical harmonic degrees between 9 and 13 may be neglected over five years, given the uncertainties already involved in the determination of all other coefficients, and the practical accuracy needed for most IGRF applications. Recent progress in global field modelling based on increasingly accurate and numerous satellite data however show that all field coefficients can now be computed with much higher accuracy than possible in the past, and that higher degree secular variation coefficients could therefore also be considered for inclusion in IGRF models. The present short note intends to investigate the potential benefit of extending the IGRF predictive secular variation model to degrees higher than 8, given our current knowledge of the way the field behaves over time periods of five years. Copyright 2010 The Society of Geomagnetism and Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences, The Seismological Society of Japan JF - Earth, Planets and Space AU - Silva, Luis AU - Maus, Stefan AU - Hulot, Gauthier AU - Thebault, Erwan Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - October 2010 SP - 815 EP - 820 PB - Terra Scientific Publishing Company (TERRAPUB), Tokyo VL - 62 IS - 10 SN - 1343-8832, 1343-8832 KW - spherical harmonic analysis KW - models KW - Earth KW - International Geomagnetic Reference Field KW - secular variations KW - prediction KW - accuracy KW - magnetic field KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832657371?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth%2C+Planets+and+Space&rft.atitle=On+the+possibility+of+extending+the+IGRF+predictive+secular+variation+model+to+a+higher+SH+degree&rft.au=Silva%2C+Luis%3BMaus%2C+Stefan%3BHulot%2C+Gauthier%3BThebault%2C+Erwan&rft.aulast=Silva&rft.aufirst=Luis&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=815&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth%2C+Planets+and+Space&rft.issn=13438832&rft_id=info:doi/10.5047%2Feps.2010.07.005 L2 - http://www.terrapub.co.jp/journals/EPS/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; Earth; International Geomagnetic Reference Field; magnetic field; models; prediction; secular variations; spherical harmonic analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5047/eps.2010.07.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - IGRF candidate models at times of rapid changes in core field acceleration AN - 1832647997; 782223-4 AB - We submit three candidate models following the call for IGRF-11. We apply a simple modeling approach in spherical harmonics based on a quadratic Taylor expansion for the internal field time variations. We use the D (sub st) magnetic index as a proxy for the external field variations. In order to compensate for the limitations incurred by such a conventional approach, we focus on the optimal selection of satellite data in space and time. We also show that some a priori knowledge about the core field state helps us to avoid the pitfall encountered in the case of rapid changes of core field accelerations. Indeed, various acceleration events of relevance for the IGRF 11th occurred between 2003 and 2010, one of them being a geomagnetic jerk. They could entail disagreements between IGRF candidate models for the secular variation (SV) if data prior to 2008 are used. Our SV and main field (MF) candidate models have a root mean square uncertainty less than 6 nT/yr and 8 nT, respectively, with respect to the modeled magnetic field contributions. These values correspond to the intrinsic error associated with truncating SV and MF models to spherical harmonic degree 8 and 13, respectively, as requested for IGRF models. Copyright 2010 The Society of Geomagnetism and Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences, The Seismological Society of Japan JF - Earth, Planets and Space AU - Thebault, Erwan AU - Chulliat, Arnaud AU - Maus, Stefan AU - Hulot, Gauthier AU - Langlais, Benoit AU - Chambodut, Aude AU - Menvielle, Michel Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - October 2010 SP - 753 EP - 763 PB - Terra Scientific Publishing Company (TERRAPUB), Tokyo VL - 62 IS - 10 SN - 1343-8832, 1343-8832 KW - extrapolation KW - Earth KW - satellite methods KW - magnetic field KW - spherical harmonic analysis KW - models KW - errors KW - International Geomagnetic Reference Field KW - secular variatios KW - CHAMP KW - core KW - remote sensing KW - 18:Solid-earth geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1832647997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefinprocess&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth%2C+Planets+and+Space&rft.atitle=IGRF+candidate+models+at+times+of+rapid+changes+in+core+field+acceleration&rft.au=Thebault%2C+Erwan%3BChulliat%2C+Arnaud%3BMaus%2C+Stefan%3BHulot%2C+Gauthier%3BLanglais%2C+Benoit%3BChambodut%2C+Aude%3BMenvielle%2C+Michel&rft.aulast=Thebault&rft.aufirst=Erwan&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=753&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth%2C+Planets+and+Space&rft.issn=13438832&rft_id=info:doi/10.5047%2Feps.2010.05.004 L2 - http://www.terrapub.co.jp/journals/EPS/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef in Process, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. After editing and indexing, this record will be added to Georef. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CHAMP; core; Earth; errors; extrapolation; International Geomagnetic Reference Field; magnetic field; models; remote sensing; satellite methods; secular variatios; spherical harmonic analysis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.5047/eps.2010.05.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Extensive aerosol optical properties and aerosol mass related measurements during TRAMP/TexAQS 2006 - Implications for PM compliance and planning AN - 1777142602; 13681206 AB - Extensive aerosol optical properties, particle size distributions, and Aerodyne quadrupole aerosol mass spectrometer measurements collected during TRAMP/TexAQS 2006 were examined in light of collocated meteorological and chemical measurements. Much of the evident variability in the observed aerosol-related air quality is due to changing synoptic meteorological situations that direct emissions from various sources to the TRAMP site near the center of the Houston-Galveston-Brazoria (HGB) metropolitan area. In this study, five distinct long-term periods have been identified. During each of these periods, observed aerosol properties have implications that are of interest to environmental quality management agencies. During three of the periods, long range transport (LRT), both intra-continental and intercontinental, appears to have played an important role in producing the observed aerosol. During late August 2006, southerly winds brought super-micron Saharan dust and sea salt to the HGB area, adding mass to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) measurements, but apparently not affecting secondary particle growth or gas-phase air pollution. A second type of LRT was associated with northerly winds in early September 2006 and with increased ozone and sub-micron particulate matter in the HGB area. Later in the study, LRT of emissions from wildfires appeared to increase the abundance of absorbing aerosols (and carbon monoxide and other chemical tracers) in the HGB area. However, the greatest impacts on Houston PM2.5 air quality are caused by periods with low-wind-speed sea breeze circulation or winds that directly transport pollutants from major industrial areas, i.e., the Houston Ship Channel, into the city center. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Wright, Monica E AU - Atkinson, Dean B AU - Ziemba, Luke AU - Griffin, Robert AU - Hiranuma, Naruki AU - Brooks, Sarah AU - Lefer, Barry AU - Flynn, James AU - Perna, Ryan AU - Rappenglueck, Bernhard AU - Luke, Winston AU - Kelley, Paul AD - NOAA/Air Resources Laboratory, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - October 2010 SP - 4035 EP - 4044 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 44 IS - 33 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); Aerospace & High Technology Database (AH) KW - Channels KW - Air pollution KW - Aerosols KW - Transport KW - Optical properties KW - Atmospherics KW - Air quality KW - Metropolitan areas KW - Marine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777142602?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Extensive+aerosol+optical+properties+and+aerosol+mass+related+measurements+during+TRAMP%2FTexAQS+2006+-+Implications+for+PM+compliance+and+planning&rft.au=Wright%2C+Monica+E%3BAtkinson%2C+Dean+B%3BZiemba%2C+Luke%3BGriffin%2C+Robert%3BHiranuma%2C+Naruki%3BBrooks%2C+Sarah%3BLefer%2C+Barry%3BFlynn%2C+James%3BPerna%2C+Ryan%3BRappenglueck%2C+Bernhard%3BLuke%2C+Winston%3BKelley%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Wright&rft.aufirst=Monica&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=33&rft.spage=4035&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.atmosenv.2008.12.055 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-08 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.12.055 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fire effluent component yields from room-scale fire tests AN - 1356926234; 15049916 AB - Estimation of the time available for escape (ASET) in the event of a fire is a principal component in fire hazard or risk assessment. Valid data on the yields of toxic smoke components from bench-scale apparatus is essential to accurate ASET calculations. This paper presents a methodology for obtaining pre-flashover and post-flashover toxicant yields from room-scale fire tests. The data are to be used for comparison with bench-scale data for the same combustibles: a sofa, bookcases, and electric power cable. Each was burned in a room with a long adjacent corridor. The yields of CO2, CO, HCl, HCN, and soot were determined. Other toxicants (NO2, formaldehyde, and acrolein), whose concentrations were below the detection limits, were of limited importance relative to the detected toxicants. The uncertainty values were comparable to those estimated for calculations used to determine ASET and were sufficiently small to determine whether a bench-scale apparatus is producing results that are similar to the real-scale results here. The use of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was useful for obtaining toxicant concentration data; however, its operation and interpretation are not routine. The losses of CO, HCN, and HCl along the corridor were dependent on the combustible. JF - Fire and Materials AU - Gann, Richard G AU - Averill, Jason D AU - Johnsson, Erik L AU - Nyden, Marc R AU - Peacock, Richard D Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - Oct 2010 SP - 285 EP - 314 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA, [mailto:info@wiley.com], [URL:http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Brand/id-35.html] VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0308-0501, 0308-0501 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Smoke KW - Fires KW - Data processing KW - Toxicants KW - Acrolein KW - I.R. spectroscopy KW - Formaldehyde KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Effluents KW - X 24330:Agrochemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1356926234?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fire+and+Materials&rft.atitle=Fire+effluent+component+yields+from+room-scale+fire+tests&rft.au=Gann%2C+Richard+G%3BAverill%2C+Jason+D%3BJohnsson%2C+Erik+L%3BNyden%2C+Marc+R%3BPeacock%2C+Richard+D&rft.aulast=Gann&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fire+and+Materials&rft.issn=03080501&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Ffam.1024 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/fam.1024/abstract LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Smoke; Risk assessment; Fires; Data processing; Acrolein; Toxicants; I.R. spectroscopy; Formaldehyde; Effluents; Carbon dioxide DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fam.1024 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - A spatially explicit assessment of the adverse effects of fishing on benthic habitats in the Northeast U.S.: the Swept Area Seabed Impact model AN - 1038600698; 17117991 AB - To assist fishery managers in meeting the requirement of the U. S. Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act to minimize to the extent practicable the adverse effects of fishing on fish habitats, a team of regional scientists has created a spatially explicit model that estimates bottom-tending gear impacts on the seabed, as conditioned by the vulnerability of benthic habitats likely to be encountered during fishing. The model combines fishing effort data with substrate data and sub-surface water flow velocity estimates in a geo-referenced, GIS-compatible environment. Fishing effort is scaled according to gear- and habitat component-specific susceptibility values, and decays over time according to a habitat component-specific recovery parameter. The result is a relative estimate of the magnitude of potential and/or actualized fishing effects on benthic habitats. JF - Canadian technical report of fisheries and aquatic sciences/Rapport technique canadien des sciences halieutiques et aquatiques AU - Bachman, M AU - Demarest, C AU - Eayrs, S AU - Grabowski, J AU - Harris, B AU - Malkoski, V AU - Packer, D AU - Stevenson, D AU - Valentine, P A2 - Cooper, LL (ed) A2 - Stephenson, RL (ed) A2 - Annala, JH (ed) Y1 - 2010/10// PY - 2010 DA - October 2010 SP - 139 PB - DFO, St. Andrews, NB (Canada) KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - DFO Cat. No. Fs 97-6/2904E KW - Marine KW - Commercial fishing KW - ANW, USA KW - Fishery management KW - Marine environment KW - Fishing gear KW - Environmental impact KW - Fishing effort KW - Benthic environment KW - Habitat KW - Environmental conditions KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1038600698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+technical+report+of+fisheries+and+aquatic+sciences%2FRapport+technique+canadien+des+sciences+halieutiques+et+aquatiques&rft.atitle=A+spatially+explicit+assessment+of+the+adverse+effects+of+fishing+on+benthic+habitats+in+the+Northeast+U.S.%3A+the+Swept+Area+Seabed+Impact+model&rft.au=Bachman%2C+M%3BDemarest%2C+C%3BEayrs%2C+S%3BGrabowski%2C+J%3BHarris%2C+B%3BMalkoski%2C+V%3BPacker%2C+D%3BStevenson%2C+D%3BValentine%2C+P&rft.aulast=Bachman&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=2904&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+technical+report+of+fisheries+and+aquatic+sciences%2FRapport+technique+canadien+des+sciences+halieutiques+et+aquatiques&rft.issn=07066457&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/Library/343154.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Physical medium: Printed matter, Internet; Abstract only N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - MARINE SEISMIC RESEARCH FUNDED BY THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION OR CONDUCTED BY THE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY (DRAFT PROGRAMMATIC ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT/OVERSEAS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). [Part 1 of 1] T2 - MARINE SEISMIC RESEARCH FUNDED BY THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION OR CONDUCTED BY THE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY (DRAFT PROGRAMMATIC ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT/OVERSEAS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 873133339; 14661-0_0001 AB - PURPOSE: A programmatic approach to the assessment of marine seismic research funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) or conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is proposed. Currently, environmental assessments are prepared for individual or a small group of research cruises. The potential impact identified has been the sound from seismic surveys on marine resources and species listed under the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) and Endangered Species Act (ESA). For research cruises with the potential for adverse impacts to listed species, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and/or the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) have issued a biological opinion and related incidental take statements, which included terms and conditions to minimize impacts on threatened and endangered species. In parallel with this effort, when applicable, a separate application for an Incidental Harassment Authorization (IHA) under the MMPA was submitted for each cruise to another division within NOAA, which subsequently issued the IHA. Under the proposed action, marine seismic surveys funded by NSF could take place across the worlds oceans, including the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Arctic, and Southern Oceans, and in the Mediterranean Sea, and may be located in the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) or territorial waters of the U.S. or foreign countries. Four to seven cruises would be conducted each year with cruises lasting about one to seven weeks. Generally, vessels would be more than three nautical miles (nm) off the coast, and primarily would utilize high-energy source systems such as strings or arrays of six to 36 airguns. Seismic operations conducted during any specific research cruise could range from 20 to more than 800 hours depending upon the objectives of the research and the requirements of the geophysical study. Seismic operations generally occur in deeper, open ocean waters but can range from less than 328 feet to more than 26,247 feet. The research vessels have the capability of towing different airgun configurations and a variety of other research can also be conducted on NSF-funded marine seismic research cruises, including, but not limited to, mapping, water sampling, and scientific dredging, drilling, and coring. USGS seismic research has been primarily coastal, utilizing high-resolution, low-energy source systems. About eight to 12 cruises are conducted each year in water depths varying from less than 66 feet to generally not more than 3,281 feet. Two action alternatives and a No Action Alternative are analyzed in this draft EIS. Alternative A would involve conducting marine seismic research using cruise-specific mitigation measures. Alternative B is the preferred alternative and would involve conducting marine seismic research using cruise-specific mitigation measures with generic mitigation measures for low-energy acoustic sources. Mitigation measures would include preliminary assessment of potential impacts during cruise planning, visual monitoring for marine mammals and turtles, passive acoustic monitoring for the presence of marine mammals, proposed safety radii or mitigation zones, and other operational procedures. Under Alternative B, for any seismic survey that proposes a low-energy source there would be a standard mitigation zone of 328 feet for all marine mammals and turtles. The impact analysis presented in this draft programmatic EIS is narrowed to 13 exemplary (representative) areas, with five areas subject to detailed analysis and eight subject to qualitative analysis. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Marine seismic research would continue the investigation of the geology and geophysics of the seafloor by collecting seismic reflection and refraction data that reveal the structure and stratigraphy of the crust and/or overlying sediment below the worlds oceans thus fostering a better understanding of Earths history, natural hazards, and climate history. A programmatic approach would minimize duplication of effort in environmental documentation and to address the potential for cumulative effects of marine seismic research acoustic sources upon marine resources. The collective analysis of representative project locations would provide a strong technical basis for a more global assessment of the potential cumulative impacts of NSF-funded and USGS marine seismic activities in the future. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of either action alternative could affect, but is not likely to adversely affect, federally listed sea turtle species. Short-term, localized behavioral disturbance of small numbers of individual marine mammals, including cetaceans, pinnipeds, sea otters, and West Indian Manatees is likely to occur. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1361 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100390, Draft EIS--512 pages, Appendices--289 pages, September 30, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 1 KW - Water KW - Birds KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fish KW - Geologic Surveys KW - Geology KW - International Programs KW - Marine Mammals KW - Noise Assessments KW - Oceans KW - Research KW - Seismic Surveys KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Wildlife KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Arctic Ocean KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Indian Ocean KW - Mediterranean Sea KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Southern Ocean KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873133339?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-09-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=MARINE+SEISMIC+RESEARCH+FUNDED+BY+THE+NATIONAL+SCIENCE+FOUNDATION+OR+CONDUCTED+BY+THE+U.S.+GEOLOGICAL+SURVEY+%28DRAFT+PROGRAMMATIC+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%2FOVERSEAS+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=MARINE+SEISMIC+RESEARCH+FUNDED+BY+THE+NATIONAL+SCIENCE+FOUNDATION+OR+CONDUCTED+BY+THE+U.S.+GEOLOGICAL+SURVEY+%28DRAFT+PROGRAMMATIC+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%2FOVERSEAS+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - National Science Foundation, Division of Ocean Sciences, Arlington, Virginia; NSF N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: September 30, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of size on the sources of energy consumed by overwintering walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) AN - 839660197; 13668725 AB - The critical size hypothesis proposes the risks of winter mortality are greatest for small individuals in fish populations. This results from size-dependent predation and starvation of wintering fishes. We extend this idea to walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) and argue size-dependence leads to different wintering strategies among subadult life stages. We sampled fish quarterly, measured their size, growth and energy allocation. By comparing the contributions of endogenous energy sources (storage and structure) to metabolic demand in young-of-the-year (YOY) and juvenile pollock over winter we determined how length influenced their winter foraging requirement. From this we inferred the relative risks of starvation and predation for different sized fish. Young-of-the-year ( less than or equal to 170mm) experienced high starvation risk and relied on foraging to meet routine metabolic cost. Consequently, they consumed relatively little storage or structural energy over winter. In contrast, juveniles (>170mm and less than or equal to 270mm) responded to the risk of predation by consuming significant amounts of protein and structural lipids while minimizing foraging. Consistent with these observations we found YOY maximized growth in fall while juveniles maximized energy storage. In spring, YOY resumed growth earlier than juveniles. These data indicate the critical size and period hypothesis can be extended to walleye pollock. JF - Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology AU - Heintz, Ron A AU - Vollenweider, Johanna J AD - NOAA Fisheries, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Auke Bay Laboratories, 17109 Pt. Lena Loop Rd. Juneau, AK 99801, USA Y1 - 2010/09/30/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Sep 30 SP - 43 EP - 50 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 393 IS - 1-2 SN - 0022-0981, 0022-0981 KW - Environment Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Lipids KW - Predation KW - Energy sources KW - Marine fish KW - Growth KW - overwintering KW - Risk factors KW - Body size KW - Starvation KW - Growth rate KW - Marine KW - Mortality KW - Data processing KW - Theragra chalcogramma KW - Overwintering KW - Energy storage KW - Storage KW - Foraging behaviour KW - winter KW - Energy resources KW - Proteins KW - Fish KW - Mortality causes KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08442:Population dynamics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839660197?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Experimental+Marine+Biology+and+Ecology&rft.atitle=Influence+of+size+on+the+sources+of+energy+consumed+by+overwintering+walleye+pollock+%28Theragra+chalcogramma%29&rft.au=Heintz%2C+Ron+A%3BVollenweider%2C+Johanna+J&rft.aulast=Heintz&rft.aufirst=Ron&rft.date=2010-09-30&rft.volume=393&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Experimental+Marine+Biology+and+Ecology&rft.issn=00220981&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jembe.2010.06.030 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Starvation; Marine fish; Foraging behaviour; Growth; Overwintering; Energy resources; Body size; Mortality causes; Risk assessment; Mortality; Data processing; Risk factors; Lipids; Predation; Energy storage; Storage; winter; overwintering; Proteins; Fish; Energy sources; Theragra chalcogramma; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2010.06.030 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temperature effects on the molting, growth, and lipid composition of newly-settled red king crab AN - 839659957; 13668735 AB - Red king crab (RKC) (Paralithodes camtschaticus Tilesius, 1815) is one of the most important fishery resource species in Alaska. It is threatened by heavy fishing pressure and changing climate conditions, yet little is known about the species' first year of post-settlement life. This study was undertaken to explore how temperature mediates growth and energy allocation in newly metamorphosed juveniles. RKC were reared using four temperature treatments ranging from 1.5 to 12 degree C for a period of 60days, both individually and in low-density populations. Temperature had no significant effect on survival of RKC, and there was no consistent difference in survival between individually cultured crabs and those in populations. Growth was very slow at 1.5 degree C, and increased rapidly with temperature with both a contracted intermolt period and small increase in growth increment. Twenty percent of the crabs held at 1.5 degree C never molted, while more than 90% of the crabs in 12 degree C reached juvenile stage 4 or higher. Overall growth increased as an exponential function of temperature, with slightly higher growth rates observed in populations than for isolated individuals. Growth records for individuals revealed an inverse exponential relationship between water temperature and intermolt period. There was also a small increase in growth increment from juvenile stage 1 to stage 2 with increasing temperature that appeared to be linear. Lipid class analysis revealed a trend towards higher proportions of storage lipids in larger crabs cultured at 12 degree C than in crabs cultured at low temperatures. High proportions of essential fatty acids in all crab groups coupled with elevated levels of triacylglycerols in 12 degree C animals, indicate that rapid growth does not negatively affect condition in juvenile RKC. Data provided by this study will help to model temperature-dependent growth and survival in the field, and assist in designing the best possible temperatures and diets for hatchery production of seed stock intended for enhancement of depleted RKC stocks. JF - Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology AU - Stoner, Allan W AU - Ottmar, Michele L AU - Copeman, Louise A AD - Fisheries Behavioral Ecology Program, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2030 S. Marine Science Dr., Newport, OR 97365, USA, al.stoner@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/09/30/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Sep 30 SP - 138 EP - 147 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 393 IS - 1-2 SN - 0022-0981, 0022-0981 KW - ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Lipids KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - Survival KW - Crabs KW - Bottom culture KW - Biochemical composition KW - Growth KW - Triglycerides KW - Fisheries KW - Pressure KW - Marine crustaceans KW - USA, Alaska KW - Diets KW - Temperature effects KW - Growth rate KW - Marine KW - Decapoda KW - Crustacea KW - Climates KW - Crustacean culture KW - Temperature KW - Growth Rates KW - Water temperature KW - Rare species KW - Paralithodes KW - Energy KW - low temperature KW - Fatty acids KW - fishing KW - survival KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - O 5060:Aquaculture KW - Q3 08588:Effects of Aquaculture on the Environment KW - Q1 08588:Effects of Aquaculture on the Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839659957?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Experimental+Marine+Biology+and+Ecology&rft.atitle=Temperature+effects+on+the+molting%2C+growth%2C+and+lipid+composition+of+newly-settled+red+king+crab&rft.au=Stoner%2C+Allan+W%3BOttmar%2C+Michele+L%3BCopeman%2C+Louise+A&rft.aulast=Stoner&rft.aufirst=Allan&rft.date=2010-09-30&rft.volume=393&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=138&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Experimental+Marine+Biology+and+Ecology&rft.issn=00220981&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jembe.2010.07.011 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Temperature effects; Biochemical composition; Lipids; Crustacean culture; Fatty acids; Rare species; Marine crustaceans; Bottom culture; Triglycerides; Energy; Fisheries; Survival; Water temperature; Pressure; Diets; Crustacea; low temperature; Temperature; fishing; survival; Growth; Climates; Fish Hatcheries; Growth Rates; Crabs; Decapoda; Paralithodes; USA, Alaska; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2010.07.011 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - MARINE SEISMIC RESEARCH FUNDED BY THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION OR CONDUCTED BY THE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY (DRAFT PROGRAMMATIC ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT/OVERSEAS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT). AN - 772276193; 14661 AB - PURPOSE: A programmatic approach to the assessment of marine seismic research funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) or conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is proposed. Currently, environmental assessments are prepared for individual or a small group of research cruises. The potential impact identified has been the sound from seismic surveys on marine resources and species listed under the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) and Endangered Species Act (ESA). For research cruises with the potential for adverse impacts to listed species, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and/or the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) have issued a biological opinion and related incidental take statements, which included terms and conditions to minimize impacts on threatened and endangered species. In parallel with this effort, when applicable, a separate application for an Incidental Harassment Authorization (IHA) under the MMPA was submitted for each cruise to another division within NOAA, which subsequently issued the IHA. Under the proposed action, marine seismic surveys funded by NSF could take place across the worlds oceans, including the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Arctic, and Southern Oceans, and in the Mediterranean Sea, and may be located in the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) or territorial waters of the U.S. or foreign countries. Four to seven cruises would be conducted each year with cruises lasting about one to seven weeks. Generally, vessels would be more than three nautical miles (nm) off the coast, and primarily would utilize high-energy source systems such as strings or arrays of six to 36 airguns. Seismic operations conducted during any specific research cruise could range from 20 to more than 800 hours depending upon the objectives of the research and the requirements of the geophysical study. Seismic operations generally occur in deeper, open ocean waters but can range from less than 328 feet to more than 26,247 feet. The research vessels have the capability of towing different airgun configurations and a variety of other research can also be conducted on NSF-funded marine seismic research cruises, including, but not limited to, mapping, water sampling, and scientific dredging, drilling, and coring. USGS seismic research has been primarily coastal, utilizing high-resolution, low-energy source systems. About eight to 12 cruises are conducted each year in water depths varying from less than 66 feet to generally not more than 3,281 feet. Two action alternatives and a No Action Alternative are analyzed in this draft EIS. Alternative A would involve conducting marine seismic research using cruise-specific mitigation measures. Alternative B is the preferred alternative and would involve conducting marine seismic research using cruise-specific mitigation measures with generic mitigation measures for low-energy acoustic sources. Mitigation measures would include preliminary assessment of potential impacts during cruise planning, visual monitoring for marine mammals and turtles, passive acoustic monitoring for the presence of marine mammals, proposed safety radii or mitigation zones, and other operational procedures. Under Alternative B, for any seismic survey that proposes a low-energy source there would be a standard mitigation zone of 328 feet for all marine mammals and turtles. The impact analysis presented in this draft programmatic EIS is narrowed to 13 exemplary (representative) areas, with five areas subject to detailed analysis and eight subject to qualitative analysis. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Marine seismic research would continue the investigation of the geology and geophysics of the seafloor by collecting seismic reflection and refraction data that reveal the structure and stratigraphy of the crust and/or overlying sediment below the worlds oceans thus fostering a better understanding of Earths history, natural hazards, and climate history. A programmatic approach would minimize duplication of effort in environmental documentation and to address the potential for cumulative effects of marine seismic research acoustic sources upon marine resources. The collective analysis of representative project locations would provide a strong technical basis for a more global assessment of the potential cumulative impacts of NSF-funded and USGS marine seismic activities in the future. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of either action alternative could affect, but is not likely to adversely affect, federally listed sea turtle species. Short-term, localized behavioral disturbance of small numbers of individual marine mammals, including cetaceans, pinnipeds, sea otters, and West Indian Manatees is likely to occur. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1361 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100390, Draft EIS--512 pages, Appendices--289 pages, September 30, 2010 PY - 2010 KW - Water KW - Birds KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fish KW - Geologic Surveys KW - Geology KW - International Programs KW - Marine Mammals KW - Noise Assessments KW - Oceans KW - Research KW - Seismic Surveys KW - Shellfish KW - Ships KW - Wildlife KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Arctic Ocean KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Indian Ocean KW - Mediterranean Sea KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Southern Ocean KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/772276193?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-09-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=MARINE+SEISMIC+RESEARCH+FUNDED+BY+THE+NATIONAL+SCIENCE+FOUNDATION+OR+CONDUCTED+BY+THE+U.S.+GEOLOGICAL+SURVEY+%28DRAFT+PROGRAMMATIC+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%2FOVERSEAS+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.title=MARINE+SEISMIC+RESEARCH+FUNDED+BY+THE+NATIONAL+SCIENCE+FOUNDATION+OR+CONDUCTED+BY+THE+U.S.+GEOLOGICAL+SURVEY+%28DRAFT+PROGRAMMATIC+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%2FOVERSEAS+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - National Science Foundation, Division of Ocean Sciences, Arlington, Virginia; NSF N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: September 30, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - CONF T1 - A passive microwave snowfall rate algorithm AN - 918072141; 16193354 AB - A snowfall rate (water equivalent) algorithm was developed using measurements from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU-A and AMSU-B) and European Organization for the Exploitation of METeorological SATellites' (EUMATSAT) Microwave Humidity Sounder (MHS). The algorithm includes four components: snowfall identifier, Ice Water Path (IWP) retrieval, 'cloud top' height retrieval, and snowflake terminal velocity. The snowfall identifier is developed using the rule-based RIPPERk machine learning algorithm implemented in the WEKA toolkit. RIPPERk is a data mining technique that is highly effective at deriving classification rules for large noisy datasets with low error rates. The data used to train and test the model combines AMSU-B/MHS measurements with co-located in-situ weather observations. The AMSU-B/MHS data include brightness temperatures and local zenith angles. The ground observations at weather stations across the CONUS are used to identify snow or no-snow conditions. The data set contains equal numbers of snow and no-snow events. Given the snow particle's relatively slow terminal velocity, snow is present in the atmosphere for a significant time before it arrives on the ground. To account for this, the satellite data precede their associated ground observations in time. The snowfall identifiers for AMSU and MHS are developed separately because of the different frequencies used by these sensors. The AMSU-B data set contains about 23,000 instances while the MHS data set contains about 11,000 instances. Training and testing were performed using 10-fold cross-validation. The sets of rules derived by RIPPERk are shown to be robust at identifying various snowfall systems.IWP is derived using a two-stream Radiative Transfer Model (RTM). The RTM requires the brightness temperatures of four AMSU/MHS window channels (23.8, 31.4, 89, and 150 or 157 GHz) and one water vapor channel (183.31 +/- 7 or 190.31 GHz), local zenith angle, Total Precipitable Water (TPW), and surface temperature (Ts). Its retrievals include IWP, ice particle effective diameter (De), cloud temperature, and the emissivity at the above mentioned five frequencies. Initial values of the retrieved quantities are also part of the required input. The RTM couples with an iteration scheme and outputs retrievals when the differences between the simulated and the measured brightness temperatures fall under predefined thresholds. The initial values of IWP and de are found to be critical to the accuracy of these retrievals due to the nonlinearity of IWP and de versus brightness temperature. In order to achieve more accurate 'first guess' IWP and De, a set of classifiers are developed using the two-stream RTM for different atmospheric conditions and sensor view angles. The classifiers are regression equations of various combinations of AMSU-B/MHS brightness temperatures at 89, 150 / 157, and 183+/-7 / 190 GHz. They are used to derive more realistic initial IWP and de given the satellite measurements and ancillary data. It is noted that this research uses the TPW and Ts data from the NOAA Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) dataset.In this study, cloud top is defined as the 'top' of the cloud that is confined to 6 km or lower. The limit is set due to the fact that the AMSU/MHS channels used are less sensitive to cloud particles in winter atmospheres above this height. The 'cloud top' height is derived using an empirical method based on GDAS water vapor and temperature profiles. Some simplifications are made regarding the distributions and fall velocities of snow particles which allow the computation of snowfall rate from the derived IWP and 'cloud top' height. Validation of the snowfall rate algorithm is conducted using ground hourly observations from the Continental United States (CONUS) and shows reasonable agreement between the retrievals and the observations.This algorithm is applied to five satellites that carry AMSU/MHS sensors and can provide up to 10 near real-time snowfall rate retrievals per day for any given location on earth. Therefore it is potentially a useful product for users such as weather and river forecasters, as well as global blended precipitation products such as those produced by the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP). JF - American Meteorological Society. [np]. 27 Sep 2010. AU - Meng, Huan AU - Yan, B AU - Price, D AU - Ferraro, R R Y1 - 2010/09/27/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Sep 27 PB - American Meteorological Society KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Remote Sensing KW - Sensors KW - Algorithms KW - Data assimilation KW - Surface radiation temperature KW - Satellite research KW - Microwaves KW - Weather forecasting KW - Marine KW - Satellite Technology KW - Weather KW - Mathematical models KW - Water vapor in the atmosphere KW - Snow KW - Temperature KW - Global precipitation KW - Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU) KW - Channels KW - Clouds KW - USA KW - Marine molluscs KW - Brightness temperature KW - Cloud top heights KW - Radiative transfer KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - M2 551.46:General (551.46) KW - SW 7010:Education - extramural UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918072141?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=A+passive+microwave+snowfall+rate+algorithm&rft.au=Meng%2C+Huan%3BYan%2C+B%3BPrice%2C+D%3BFerraro%2C+R+R&rft.aulast=Meng&rft.aufirst=Huan&rft.date=2010-09-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Estimates of Global Biomass Burning Emissions using Fire Radiative Power Retrieved from Multiple Geostationary Satellites AN - 918072119; 16193282 AB - Biomass burning significantly affects air quality and climate change. Current estimates of burning emissions from different algorithms vary markedly. This paper investigates the use of fire radiative power (FRP) to derive emissions. The FRP is retrieved using WF_ABBA_V65 (Wildfire Automated Biomass Burning Algorithm) from multiple geostationary satellites. The network of satellites consist of two Geostationary Operation Environmental Satellites (GOES) which are operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA),the Meteosat Second Generation satellites (MET-09) operated by the European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT), and the Multi-functional Transport Satellite (MTSAT-1R) operated by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA). The instantaneous FRP may not be continuously observed from theses satellites because of sensor saturation, cloud cover, and background surface effects. To fill the missing observations, we use a set of representative diurnal patterns of half-hourly FRP for various ecosystems that are based on climatology derived from several years of data. Combined with the observed instantaneous FRP values within a day, the representative patterns are used to fill the missed and poor quality observations of half-hourly FRP for individual fire pixels. To calculate the biomass combusted during fire activities, on the other hand, the relationship between FRP and biomass combustion is established using biomass combustions in 700 Landsat TM-based burn scars. These biomass combustions are quantified using burn severity detected from Landsat TM data and fuel loadings in individual burn scars. The algorithms are applied to estimate global biomass burning emissions every half hour in near real time. Preliminary results of the global geostationary satellite emissions will be presented. JF - American Meteorological Society. [np]. 27 Sep 2010. AU - Zhang, Xiaoyang AU - Kondragunta, S AU - Schmidt, C C Y1 - 2010/09/27/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Sep 27 PB - American Meteorological Society KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Burns KW - INW, Japan KW - Combustion products KW - Climate change KW - Remote sensing KW - Algorithms KW - LANDSAT KW - Emissions KW - Climatology KW - Satellite conferences KW - Fires KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Biomass KW - burning KW - Satellites KW - Geostationary satellites KW - Combustion KW - Satellite meteorology KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918072119?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Sustainability+Science+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Xiaoyang%3BKondragunta%2C+S%3BSchmidt%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Xiaoyang&rft.date=2010-09-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Estimates+of+Global+Biomass+Burning+Emissions+using+Fire+Radiative+Power+Retrieved+from+Multiple+Geostationary+Satellites&rft.title=Estimates+of+Global+Biomass+Burning+Emissions+using+Fire+Radiative+Power+Retrieved+from+Multiple+Geostationary+Satellites&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Assimilation of GOES Hourly Aerosol Optical Depths in a Regional Air Quality Model to Improve PM2.5 Predictions AN - 918068822; 16193421 AB - Considerable progress has been made in the last decade in the use of satellite data for air quality monitoring and forecasting applications. Despite the advances in satellite data applications, many challenges remain in using the data on a day to day basis. Especially, chemical satellite data assimilation has not really advanced beyond applications involving a single observable parameter such as ozone or Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD). This work demonstrates the improvements to NOAA Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model predicted particulate matter (PM2.5, particles smaller than 2.5 microns in median diameter) by assimilating GOES hourly AOD observations. This will be contrasted with the impact of assimilation of AODs from a polar-orbiting satellite, Aqua/Terra MODIS, which has a considerably less coverage. Model simulations for this study include an east coast regional haze episode due to urban/industrial pollution from August 2-6, 2006. Spatial and temporal analysis of the impact of AOD assimilation on surface PM2.5 for this episode will be presented. JF - American Meteorological Society. [np]. 27 Sep 2010. AU - Kondragunta, Shobha AU - Zhao, Q Y1 - 2010/09/27/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Sep 27 PB - American Meteorological Society KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Remote sensing KW - Particulate matter in urban air KW - Air quality KW - Particulates KW - Data assimilation KW - Haze KW - Optical analysis KW - Particulate matter in atmosphere KW - Industrial wastes KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Weather forecasting KW - Particle size KW - Marine KW - Weather KW - Aerosols KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Simulation KW - Suspended particulate matter KW - Satellites KW - Satellite data KW - Urban atmospheric pollution KW - Optical depth of aerosols KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.46:General (551.46) KW - O 4080:Pollution - Control and Prevention KW - Q2 09124:Coastal zone management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918068822?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Assimilation+of+GOES+Hourly+Aerosol+Optical+Depths+in+a+Regional+Air+Quality+Model+to+Improve+PM2.5+Predictions&rft.au=Kondragunta%2C+Shobha%3BZhao%2C+Q&rft.aulast=Kondragunta&rft.aufirst=Shobha&rft.date=2010-09-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Diagnosis of systematic errors in atmospheric river forecasts using satellite observations of integrated water vapor AN - 918068282; 16195222 AB - Atmospheric rivers are long, narrow, filamentary structures of water vapor flux in the atmosphere responsible for 90% of the meridional poleward water vapor transport in less than 10% of the earth's circumference. Studies have shown that these atmospheric rivers were present and an important contributor to recent major winter flooding events along the US west coast. Previous work at the NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory developed objective characteristics for the identification of atmospheric river (AR) events in integrated water vapor (IWV) retrievals from the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I). These techniques have been extended in the development of an automated AR detection procedure in which potential AR are first identified through thresholding and location of strong gradients in the IWV data, and then further distinguished through the image processing technique of skeletonization and determination of feature width and length. This tool, providing identification of the AR axis, its width, and an estimate of strength based on the IWV magnitude, is applicable both to satellite-derived and numerical weather prediction (NWP) fields of IWV. Given the important hydrological impact of AR events, understanding whether or not these phenomena are well forecast is of significant interest. We have applied the automated AR detection tool to multiple seasons of observations from the SSM/I and corresponding forecast fields from several of the operational NWP models included in the THORPEX Interactive Grand Global Ensemble (TIGGE) to evaluate and compare the ability of the models to accurately reproduce the frequency, size and intensity of AR events. Results are presented as a function of forecast lead time in terms of quantities including probability of detection and false alarm rate. Overall, the frequency and timing of events is generally well forecast, though the occurrence of landfall tends to be overestimated, particularly at longer forecast lead times. JF - American Meteorological Society. [np]. 27 Sep 2010. AU - Wick, Gary A Y1 - 2010/09/27/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Sep 27 PB - American Meteorological Society KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Automation KW - Water Vapor KW - Water vapor in the atmosphere KW - INE, USA, West Coast KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 7060:Research facilities KW - M2:551.46 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918068282?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Diagnosis+of+systematic+errors+in+atmospheric+river+forecasts+using+satellite+observations+of+integrated+water+vapor&rft.au=Wick%2C+Gary+A&rft.aulast=Wick&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=2010-09-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Monitoring a changing climate for coral reef ecosystems over the next few decades - Signals from the past 25 years AN - 918056605; 16193341 AB - The NOAA/NASA Pathfinder sea surface temperature (SST) data from 1985 to 2008 are examined for variability and trends and compared with NOAA/NESDIS' operational SSTs for implications on the near future of global tropical ecosystems. These twenty-four years of satellite observations reveal some noteworthy shifts that have quite different implications for each major ocean basin, in addition to revealing expected increasing trends toward higher latitudes especially in the northern hemisphere, confirming the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) projections. Although global SST trends throughout the tropics show several regions experiencing decreasing SSTs over the 24-year timeframe, most regions are showing rising trends. Most notable and worrisome is an obvious shift after the recent PDO reversal from cooling to warming over certain tropical waters. While a brief stabilization of upward trends during the past decade might look hopeful, the past 10 years' average data show the highest SSTs over the tropics to date. We also examine trends of coral bleaching "HotSpots" and "Degree Heating Weeks" that serve as indices for the occurrence, intensity and duration of thermal stress causing coral bleaching. Increased thermal stress has been contributing significantly to the degradation of the world's coral reef ecosystems during the past few decades. Regionally, those coral reefs experiencing troubling upwards trends in SSTs, including elevated HotSpot and Degree Heating Weeks over the past decade, are in the Caribbean and Mid-Pacific. What will be instructive for the future of our planet's precious coral reef ecosystems is whether the recent stabilization in trends continues over the global tropical ocean since the recent PDO reversal. JF - American Meteorological Society. [np]. 27 Sep 2010. AU - Strong, Alan E AU - Liu, G AU - Skriving, W AU - Christensen, TRL AU - Eakin, C M AU - Heron, S F AU - Nim, C Y1 - 2010/09/27/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Sep 27 PB - American Meteorological Society KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Ecosystems KW - Bleaching KW - Hot spots KW - Climate change KW - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change KW - Pacific Decadal Oscillation KW - Stabilizing KW - Satellite meteorology KW - Satellite data KW - ASW, Caribbean Sea KW - Coral reefs KW - Ocean basins KW - Sea surface temperatures KW - Satellite conferences KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - O 1080:Multi-disciplinary Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918056605?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Strong%2C+Alan+E%3BLiu%2C+G%3BSkriving%2C+W%3BChristensen%2C+TRL%3BEakin%2C+C+M%3BHeron%2C+S+F%3BNim%2C+C&rft.aulast=Strong&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=2010-09-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Monitoring+a+changing+climate+for+coral+reef+ecosystems+over+the+next+few+decades+-+Signals+from+the+past+25+years&rft.title=Monitoring+a+changing+climate+for+coral+reef+ecosystems+over+the+next+few+decades+-+Signals+from+the+past+25+years&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - NOAA's operational geostatinary and blended sea surface temperature products AN - 918056195; 16193291 AB - NOAA's National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS) have generated Sea Surface Temperature (SST) products from Geostationary (GOES) East (E) and West (W) satellites on an operational basis since December of 2000. Since that time, a process of continual development has produced steady improvements in product accuracy. Recent improvements extended the capability to permit generation of operational SST retrievals from the Japanese Multi-function Transport Satellite (MTSAT)-2 and the European Meteosat Second Generation (MSG)-2 satellite, thereby extending spatial coverage. The four geostationary satellites (longitudes 75 degree W, 135 degree W, 140 degree E, and 0 degree , respectively) provide high temporal SST retrievals for most of the tropics and mid-latitudes, with the exception of a region between ~60 degree E and ~80 degree E. Due to ongoing development, the quality of these retrievals now approaches that of SST products from the polar orbiting Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR). The suite of products consists of gridded, NetCDF imagery and HDF blended SST analysis. Gridded products generated from the four geostationary satellites provide hourly regional imagery, 3-hourly hemispheric imagery, and 24 hour merged composites, along with a buoy matchup data set. NetCDF Level 2 preprocessed products are generated for every satellite image. This consists of a pixel level SST and additional parameters which are generated for GOES-E/W every 30 minutes for each N and S hemispheric sectors; MTSAT-2 every 60 minutes for each full disk sector; and MSG-2 every 15 minutes for each full disk sector. The blended SST is a daily 0.1 degree 0.1 degree resolution analysis generated from blending geostationary and polar-orbiting satellite SST retrievals. These products provide to the user community a reliable source of SST observations, with improved accuracy and increased coverage in important oceanographic, meteorological, and climatic regions. A dynamic estimate of the SST field using a recursive estimation algorithm which emulates the Kalman filter (Khellah et al., 2005) is applied to the NOAA operational polar-orbiting and geostationary SST data sets to generate the 0.1 degree 0.1 degree daily global SST analysis and a 0.05 degree 0.05 degree regional analysis. Uncertainty estimates for each observation type (day and night separately) are also generated. The SST inputs to the current analysis are GOES-11, 13, MTSAT-2, MSG-2, NOAA-19 and MetOp-A. In the future, the analyses will include microwave SST data (AMSR-E, AMSR-2); other polar orbiting data (e.g. AATSR SST); and diurnal warming estimates. These analyses meets the needs of the user community for 1) resolving mesoscale oceanographic features (e.g. fronts and eddies); improving ocean forecasting, providing an important tool for the coral reef Watch, and Ocean Watch / Coast Watch for coastal and fisheries management. JF - American Meteorological Society. [np]. 27 Sep 2010. AU - Maturi, Eileen Maria AU - Harris, A AU - Mittaz, J AU - Sapper, J AU - Potash, R AU - Meng, W Y1 - 2010/09/27/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Sep 27 PB - American Meteorological Society KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - INW, Japan KW - Climate change KW - Remote sensing KW - Algorithms KW - Mesoscale features KW - Radiometers KW - Satellite research KW - Microwaves KW - Fishery management KW - AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer) KW - Meteorology KW - longitude KW - Sea surface temperatures KW - Sea surface temperature forecasting KW - composite materials KW - Mathematical models KW - Conferences KW - Information services KW - Temperature KW - Oceanic eddies KW - Satellites KW - Geostationary satellites KW - coral reefs KW - Oceans KW - Coral reefs KW - Oceanographic data KW - Q2 09303:Buoys and buoy systems KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 551.465:Structure/Dynamics/Circulation (551.465) KW - O 2070:Meteorology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918056195?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Sustainability+Science+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Maturi%2C+Eileen+Maria%3BHarris%2C+A%3BMittaz%2C+J%3BSapper%2C+J%3BPotash%2C+R%3BMeng%2C+W&rft.aulast=Maturi&rft.aufirst=Eileen&rft.date=2010-09-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=NOAA%27s+operational+geostatinary+and+blended+sea+surface+temperature+products&rft.title=NOAA%27s+operational+geostatinary+and+blended+sea+surface+temperature+products&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Climate change and coral bleaching: From satellite-derived nowcasts to model-derived forecasts AN - 918056158; 16193336 AB - As a consequence of climate change, the frequency and intensity of mass coral bleaching has increased across the globe over the past decades. These events, which span across hundreds to thousands of kilometers, occur as a direct result of high temperatures. NOAA Coral Reef Watch has been providing operational satellite-based products to alert resource managers of the potential for coral bleaching since 2002. As these have continued to both see greater application in the research and management communities, NOAA has continued to develop and refine these products. However, these were inherently limited to short-term warnings and resource managers have been requesting products that provide longer lead-times. At the same time, the need for understanding the potential impact of future climate change has led to the need for decadal scale scenarios. In July 2008, NOAA Coral Reef Watch launched a new seasonal prediction tool for coral bleaching conditions built from the methods and lessons from real-time satellite monitoring. The current model of thermal stress provides an outlook of the risk of coral bleaching two weeks to three months in the future was developed through collaboration with the Physical Sciences Division of the NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory. The current system is built on statistical sea surface temperature forecasts provided by NOAA's Linear Inverse Model (LIM) with new work starting to develop this system using ensemble forecasts from the dynamical NCEP Climate Forecast System and others. Future work may close the gap between these through the application of weather forecast models. At the same time the satellite-based system is serving as the basis for decadal scenarios using the GFDL Earth System Model. JF - American Meteorological Society. [np]. 27 Sep 2010. AU - Eakin, CMark AU - Liu, G AU - Donner, S D AU - Dunne, J P AU - Matrosova, L AU - Penland, C AU - Webb, R S AU - Kumar, A AU - Chen, M AU - Christensen, TRL AU - Heron, S F AU - Morgan, JA AU - Skirving, W J AU - Strong, A E AU - Parker, BAA AU - Burgess, T F AU - Delgado, P AU - Nim, C J Y1 - 2010/09/27/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Sep 27 PB - American Meteorological Society KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Resource management KW - Climate change KW - Remote sensing KW - coral bleaching KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Potential resources KW - Climatology KW - Seasonal variations KW - Sea surface temperature forecasting KW - Weather forecasting KW - Satellite conferences KW - Weather KW - Climate models KW - Conferences KW - Bleaching KW - Satellites KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - coral reefs KW - Satellite meteorology KW - Satellite data KW - Coral reefs KW - Future climates KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q2 09161:General KW - O 1080:Multi-disciplinary Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918056158?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Sustainability+Science+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Eakin%2C+CMark%3BLiu%2C+G%3BDonner%2C+S+D%3BDunne%2C+J+P%3BMatrosova%2C+L%3BPenland%2C+C%3BWebb%2C+R+S%3BKumar%2C+A%3BChen%2C+M%3BChristensen%2C+TRL%3BHeron%2C+S+F%3BMorgan%2C+JA%3BSkirving%2C+W+J%3BStrong%2C+A+E%3BParker%2C+BAA%3BBurgess%2C+T+F%3BDelgado%2C+P%3BNim%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Eakin&rft.aufirst=CMark&rft.date=2010-09-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Climate+change+and+coral+bleaching%3A+From+satellite-derived+nowcasts+to+model-derived+forecasts&rft.title=Climate+change+and+coral+bleaching%3A+From+satellite-derived+nowcasts+to+model-derived+forecasts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Age and growth of the great hammerhead shark,Sphyrna mokarran, in the north-westernAtlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico AN - 759319361; 13762054 AB - The great hammerhead shark, Sphyrna mokarran, is a cosmopolitan species that is caught in a variety of fisheries throughout much of its range. The apparent decline of great hammerhead shark populations has reinforced the need for accurate biological data to enhance fishery management plans. To this end, age and growth estimates for the great hammerhead were determined from sharks (n = 216) ranging in size from 54- to 315-cm fork length (FL), captured in the Gulf of Mexico and north-western Atlantic Ocean. Growth curves were fitted using multiple models and evaluated using Akaike's information criterion. The von Bertalanffy growth model was the best fitting model, with resulting growth parameters of L sub(!) = 264.2-cm FL, k = 0.16 year super(-1), t sub(0) = -1.99 year for males, and L sub(!) = 307.8-cm FL, k = 0.11 year super(-1), t sub(0) = -2.86 year for females. Annual band pair deposition was confirmed through marginal-increment analysis and a concurrent bomb radiocarbon validation study. Great hammerheads have one of the oldest reported ages for any elasmobranch (44 years) but grow at relatively similar rates (on the basis of von Bertalanffy k value) to other large hammerhead species from this region. The present study is the first to provide vertebral ages for great hammerheads. JF - Marine & Freshwater Research AU - Piercy, Andrew N AU - Carlson, John K AU - Passerotti, Michelle S AD - Florida Program for Shark Research, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, PO Box 117800, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA, john.carlson@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/09/23/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Sep 23 SP - 992 EP - 998 PB - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia VL - 61 IS - 9 SN - 1323-1650, 1323-1650 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Age KW - Freshwater KW - Gulfs KW - Vertebrae KW - Models KW - Marine fish KW - Growth KW - Growth curves KW - Fish Management KW - Fishery management KW - cosmopolitan species KW - Fisheries KW - Growth rate KW - Marine KW - Data processing KW - Sphyrna mokarran KW - fishery management KW - Cosmopolite species KW - Model Studies KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - Shark KW - Oceans KW - Depleted stocks KW - Deposition KW - Elasmobranchii KW - sharks KW - Q2 09387:Navigation KW - Q1 08424:Age and growth KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 0540:Properties of water KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/759319361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+%26+Freshwater+Research&rft.atitle=Age+and+growth+of+the+great+hammerhead+shark%2CSphyrna+mokarran%2C+in+the+north-westernAtlantic+Ocean+and+Gulf+of+Mexico&rft.au=Piercy%2C+Andrew+N%3BCarlson%2C+John+K%3BPasserotti%2C+Michelle+S&rft.aulast=Piercy&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2010-09-23&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=992&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+%26+Freshwater+Research&rft.issn=13231650&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FMF09227 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Growth rate; Growth curves; Fishery management; Depleted stocks; Cosmopolite species; Age; Data processing; Oceans; Fisheries; Vertebrae; Models; Growth; cosmopolitan species; fishery management; sharks; Shark; Fish Management; Deposition; Gulfs; Model Studies; Sphyrna mokarran; Elasmobranchii; ASW, Mexico Gulf; Marine; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/MF09227 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solutions for determining equibiaxial substrate strain for dynamic cell culture AN - 901661593; 15313174 AB - In this work, empirical and analytical solutions of equibiaxial strain on a flexible substrate are derived for a dynamic cell culture system. The empirical formula, which fulfills the mechanistic conditions of the culture system, is based on a regression analysis from finite element analyses for a substrate undergoing large strains (15%). The analytical (closed-form) solution is derived from the superposition of two elastic responses induced in the equibiaxial strain culture system after applying pressure to a substrate undergoing small strains (microstrains). There is good agreement between the strain predicted from the solutions and from the direct measurement. Using material and geometric properties of the culture system, the solutions developed here are straightforward and can be used to circumvent experimental measurements or finite element analysis to establish substrate pressure-strain relationships. JF - Journal of Biomechanics AU - Chiang, Martin YM AU - Cheng, Tianle AU - Pakstis, Lisa AU - Dunkers, Joy AD - Polymers Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8542, USA, martin.chiang@nist.gov Y1 - 2010/09/17/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Sep 17 SP - 2613 EP - 2617 PB - Elsevier B.V., P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX United Kingdom VL - 43 IS - 13 SN - 0021-9290, 0021-9290 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Equibiaxial strain KW - Flexible substrate KW - Cell culture KW - Finite element analysis KW - Flexcell KW - Regression analysis KW - Pressure KW - Mechanical properties KW - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/901661593?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biomechanics&rft.atitle=Solutions+for+determining+equibiaxial+substrate+strain+for+dynamic+cell+culture&rft.au=Chiang%2C+Martin+YM%3BCheng%2C+Tianle%3BPakstis%2C+Lisa%3BDunkers%2C+Joy&rft.aulast=Chiang&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.date=2010-09-17&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=2613&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biomechanics&rft.issn=00219290&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jbiomech.2010.05.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Regression analysis; Cell culture; Pressure; Mechanical properties DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.05.002 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - EXXON VALDEZ OIL SPILL RESTORATION PLAN, ALASKA (FINAL SUPPLEMENT TO THE FINAL EIS OF SEPTEMBER 1994). [Part 1 of 1] T2 - EXXON VALDEZ OIL SPILL RESTORATION PLAN, ALASKA (FINAL SUPPLEMENT TO THE FINAL EIS OF SEPTEMBER 1994). AN - 873132919; 14655-4_0001 AB - PURPOSE: A more efficient funding mechanism and a narrower scope for restoring the resources and services damaged by the Exxon Valdez oil spill are proposed. On March 24, 1989, the tanker Exxon Valdez ran aground on Bligh Reef in Prince William Sound, Alaska, causing the largest tanker oil spill in U.S. history. Approximately 11 million gallons of crude oil subsequently moved through southwestern Prince William Sound and along the western coast of the Gulf of Alaska. The Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council was formed in 1991, following a $900 million settlement between the Exxon companies, the United States, and the state of Alaska. Of the $780 million of joint trust funds initially managed by the Council, more than $180 million has been used for research, monitoring, and general restoration and more than $375 million has funded habitat protection. Annual program development, implementation, and administration costs have totaled more than $45 million. Approximately $15 million will be needed to fund ongoing and final stages of administration and $65 million is currently contractually-committed to multi-year projects, habitat purchases, and other previously approved projects. Therefore, as of spring 2010, approximately $81 million remain available for research, monitoring, and general restoration, and $25 million remain available for habitat acquisition and protection. This final supplemental EIS analyzes proposals for management of the remaining joint trust funds. Under the No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), the Council would continue its activities in research, monitoring, general restoration and habitat protection as it has done for the last 21 years. Under the proposed action (Alternative 2), the Council would narrow and refine the scope of the Council's monitoring efforts to five restoration categories: herring; lingering oil; long-term monitoring of marine conditions and injured resources; harbor protection, marine restoration, and lessons learned/outreach; and habitat acquisition and protection. In addition, the Council would fund longer-term programs and shift functions, such as scientific and technical review and planning, peer review, and the solicitation and management of individual projects, to the entity responsible for the funded focus area. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed action would continue restoration efforts and advance long-term resource management of injured resources while allowing for strategic and efficient allocation of remaining funds. By narrowing its focus areas and by delegating many of its existing administrative functions to a select number of entities, the Council would streamline and reduce administrative functions and allow the funded entities to design longer-term, integrated programs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Proposed actions could assist in the recovery and long-term management of herring populations, but the level of benefits is uncertain because it is not possible to attribute their population declines solely to the spill. Also, the effects of lingering oil research are largely unknown. LEGAL MANDATES: Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (42 U.S.C. 961(h)) and Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 94-0188D, Volume 18, Number 3 and 94-0385F, Volume 18, Number 5, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100384, 79 pages, September 17, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 1 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Employment KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Marine Systems KW - Oil Spills KW - Research KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Water Quality KW - Wildlife KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Alaska KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Prince William Sound KW - Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, Compliance KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873132919?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-09-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=EXXON+VALDEZ+OIL+SPILL+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+ALASKA+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENT+TO+THE+FINAL+EIS+OF+SEPTEMBER+1994%29.&rft.title=EXXON+VALDEZ+OIL+SPILL+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+ALASKA+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENT+TO+THE+FINAL+EIS+OF+SEPTEMBER+1994%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: September 17, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - EXXON VALDEZ OIL SPILL RESTORATION PLAN, ALASKA (FINAL SUPPLEMENT TO THE FINAL EIS OF SEPTEMBER 1994). AN - 762465758; 14655 AB - PURPOSE: A more efficient funding mechanism and a narrower scope for restoring the resources and services damaged by the Exxon Valdez oil spill are proposed. On March 24, 1989, the tanker Exxon Valdez ran aground on Bligh Reef in Prince William Sound, Alaska, causing the largest tanker oil spill in U.S. history. Approximately 11 million gallons of crude oil subsequently moved through southwestern Prince William Sound and along the western coast of the Gulf of Alaska. The Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council was formed in 1991, following a $900 million settlement between the Exxon companies, the United States, and the state of Alaska. Of the $780 million of joint trust funds initially managed by the Council, more than $180 million has been used for research, monitoring, and general restoration and more than $375 million has funded habitat protection. Annual program development, implementation, and administration costs have totaled more than $45 million. Approximately $15 million will be needed to fund ongoing and final stages of administration and $65 million is currently contractually-committed to multi-year projects, habitat purchases, and other previously approved projects. Therefore, as of spring 2010, approximately $81 million remain available for research, monitoring, and general restoration, and $25 million remain available for habitat acquisition and protection. This final supplemental EIS analyzes proposals for management of the remaining joint trust funds. Under the No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), the Council would continue its activities in research, monitoring, general restoration and habitat protection as it has done for the last 21 years. Under the proposed action (Alternative 2), the Council would narrow and refine the scope of the Council's monitoring efforts to five restoration categories: herring; lingering oil; long-term monitoring of marine conditions and injured resources; harbor protection, marine restoration, and lessons learned/outreach; and habitat acquisition and protection. In addition, the Council would fund longer-term programs and shift functions, such as scientific and technical review and planning, peer review, and the solicitation and management of individual projects, to the entity responsible for the funded focus area. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed action would continue restoration efforts and advance long-term resource management of injured resources while allowing for strategic and efficient allocation of remaining funds. By narrowing its focus areas and by delegating many of its existing administrative functions to a select number of entities, the Council would streamline and reduce administrative functions and allow the funded entities to design longer-term, integrated programs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Proposed actions could assist in the recovery and long-term management of herring populations, but the level of benefits is uncertain because it is not possible to attribute their population declines solely to the spill. Also, the effects of lingering oil research are largely unknown. LEGAL MANDATES: Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (42 U.S.C. 961(h)) and Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstracts of the draft and final EISs, see 94-0188D, Volume 18, Number 3 and 94-0385F, Volume 18, Number 5, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100384, 79 pages, September 17, 2010 PY - 2010 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Employment KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Marine Systems KW - Oil Spills KW - Research KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Water Quality KW - Wildlife KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Alaska KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Prince William Sound KW - Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, Compliance KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/762465758?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-09-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=EXXON+VALDEZ+OIL+SPILL+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+ALASKA+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENT+TO+THE+FINAL+EIS+OF+SEPTEMBER+1994%29.&rft.title=EXXON+VALDEZ+OIL+SPILL+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+ALASKA+%28FINAL+SUPPLEMENT+TO+THE+FINAL+EIS+OF+SEPTEMBER+1994%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: September 17, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Unique para-effect in electron ionization mass spectra of bis(perfluoroacyl) derivatives of bifunctional aminobenzenes AN - 901655280; 15267529 AB - A new kind of 'para-effect' under electron ionization (EI) conditions has been discovered for a series of bis(perfluoroacyl) derivatives of o-, m- and p-phenylenediamines, -hydroxybenzeneamines and -mercaptobenzeneamines of a common structure RCOX-C6H4-NHCOR (X = NH, S, O; R = CF3, C2F5, C3F7). Only the para-isomers showed successive loss of a radical RCO times and a molecule RCN, leading to very intense peaks in the EI spectra. The composition and the origin of the [M-COR-NCR]+ ions were confirmed by exact mass measurements and linked scan experiments. The proposed mechanism of their formation takes into account likely para-quinoid structures of the precursor ions. A similar rearrangement has not been observed for para-isomers in the series of bis(perfluoroacyl) derivatives of benzenediols, mercaptophenols and dimercaptobenzenes. Published in 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JF - Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry AU - Tretyakov, Kirill V AU - Todua, Nino G AU - Borisov, Roman S AU - Zaikin, Vladimir G AU - Stein, Stephen E AU - Mikaia, Anzor I AD - National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, kirill.tretyakov@nist.gov Y1 - 2010/09/15/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Sep 15 SP - 2529 EP - 2532 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 24 IS - 17 SN - 1097-0231, 1097-0231 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Ions KW - Mass spectrometry KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/901655280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rapid+Communications+in+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.atitle=Unique+para-effect+in+electron+ionization+mass+spectra+of+bis%28perfluoroacyl%29+derivatives+of+bifunctional+aminobenzenes&rft.au=Tretyakov%2C+Kirill+V%3BTodua%2C+Nino+G%3BBorisov%2C+Roman+S%3BZaikin%2C+Vladimir+G%3BStein%2C+Stephen+E%3BMikaia%2C+Anzor+I&rft.aulast=Tretyakov&rft.aufirst=Kirill&rft.date=2010-09-15&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=2529&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Rapid+Communications+in+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.issn=10970231&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frcm.4661 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/rcm.4661/abstract LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ions; Mass spectrometry DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.4661 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of orthogonal liquid and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry platforms for the determination of amino acid concentrations in human plasma AN - 896238880; 15120239 AB - Concentrations of amino acids in a human plasma pool were determined using four independent quantification methods. Orthogonal separation schemes (LC, GC, or GCxGC) and detection systems (triple quadrupole or time-of-flight mass spectrometry) are shown to demonstrate excellent consistency among platforms for quantifying 18 amino acids in NIST Standard Reference Material (SRM) 1950 Metabolites in Human Plasma using a well-characterized isotope dilution (ID) quantification method. Measured levels were consistent with reference values in plasma from the literature. Individual amino acid concentrations in plasma varied by over an order of magnitude ranging from 1.83 [micro]g/g to 28.0 [micro]g/g (7.78 [micro]mol/L to 321 [micro]mol/L). Average variability (coefficient of variation) between experimental amino acid concentrations (excluding cysteine) among all methods was 6.3%. Certified mass fraction values for amino acids in NIST SRM 1950 will be established from statistically weighted means of all experimental results. JF - Journal of Chromatography A AU - McGaw, Elizabeth A AU - Phinney, Karen W AU - Lowenthal, Mark S AD - Analytical Chemistry Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20988-8392, USA Y1 - 2010/09/10/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Sep 10 SP - 5822 EP - 5831 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 1217 IS - 37 SN - 0021-9673, 0021-9673 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts KW - Plasma KW - Amino acid KW - Liquid chromatography KW - Gas chromatography KW - Isotope dilution KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Amino Acids KW - Variability KW - Amino acids KW - Chromatographic techniques KW - Pools KW - Metabolites KW - Cysteine KW - Wastewater Disposal KW - Standards KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/896238880?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chromatography+A&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+orthogonal+liquid+and+gas+chromatography-mass+spectrometry+platforms+for+the+determination+of+amino+acid+concentrations+in+human+plasma&rft.au=McGaw%2C+Elizabeth+A%3BPhinney%2C+Karen+W%3BLowenthal%2C+Mark+S&rft.aulast=McGaw&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=2010-09-10&rft.volume=1217&rft.issue=37&rft.spage=5822&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chromatography+A&rft.issn=00219673&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chroma.2010.07.025 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Amino acids; Chromatographic techniques; Cysteine; Isotope dilution; Mass Spectrometry; Variability; Amino Acids; Wastewater Disposal; Pools; Metabolites; Standards DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2010.07.025 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An evaluation of ocean color model estimates of marine primary productivity in coastal and pelagic regions across the globe AN - 817609709; 13970815 AB - Nearly half of the earth's photosynthetically fixed carbon derives from the oceans. To determine global and region specific rates, we rely on models that estimate marine net primary productivity (NPP) thus it is essential that these models are evaluated to determine their accuracy. Here we assessed the skill of 21 ocean color models by comparing their estimates of depth-integrated NPP to 1156 in situ super(14)C measurements encompassing ten marine regions including the Sargasso Sea, pelagic North Atlantic, coastal Northeast Atlantic, Black Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Arabian Sea, subtropical North Pacific, Ross Sea, West Antarctic Peninsula, and the Antarctic Polar Frontal Zone. Average model skill, as determined by root-mean square difference calculations, was lowest in the Black and Mediterranean Seas, highest in the pelagic North Atlantic and the Antarctic Polar Frontal Zone, and intermediate in the other six regions. The maximum fraction of model skill that may be attributable to uncertainties in both the input variables and in situ NPP measurements, was nearly 72%. Contrary to prior studies, ocean color models were not highly challenged in extreme conditions of surface chlorophyll-a and sea surface temperature, nor in high-nitrate low-chlorophyll waters. On average, the simplest depth/wavelength integrated models performed no worse than the more complex depth/wavelength resolved models. Water column depth (distance to coastlines) was the primary influence on ocean color model performance such that average skill was significantly higher at depths greater than 250 m, suggesting that ocean color models are more challenged in Case-2 waters (coastal) than in Case-1 (pelagic) waters. Given that in situ chlorophyll-a data was used as input data, algorithm improvement is required to eliminate the poor performance of ocean color models in Case-2 waters that are close to coastlines. Finally, ocean color chlorophyll-a algorithms are challenged by optically complex Case-2 waters, thus using satellite-derived chlorophyll-a to estimate NPP in coastal areas would likely further reduce the skill of ocean color models. JF - Biogeosciences Discussions AU - Saba, V S AU - Friedrichs, MAM AU - Antoine, D AU - Armstrong, R A AU - Asanuma, I AU - Behrenfeld, MJ AU - Ciotti, A M AU - Dowell, M AU - Hoepffner, N AU - Hyde, KJW AD - NOAA/NMFS Narragansett Laboratory, 28 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI, 02882, USA Y1 - 2010/09/06/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Sep 06 SP - 6749 EP - 6788 PB - European Geosciences Union, c/o E.O.S.T. Strasbourg Cedex 67084 France VL - 7 IS - 5 SN - 1810-6277, 1810-6277 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Chlorophylls KW - PS, Ross Sea KW - ISW, Arabian Sea KW - PSW, Antarctica, Antarctic Peninsula KW - Algorithms KW - Primary production KW - Water column KW - Models KW - Colour KW - MED, Black Sea KW - Carbon KW - IN, North Pacific KW - Wavelength KW - AN, Sargasso Sea KW - Coasts KW - Temperature effects KW - Data processing KW - Mathematical models KW - Carbon 14 KW - Extreme values KW - AN, North Atlantic KW - Frontal zones KW - Color KW - Satellite data KW - Coastal zone KW - Oceans KW - Pelagic environment KW - Coastal oceanography KW - Q2 09142:Methods and instruments KW - O 2010:Physical Oceanography KW - Q1 08382:Ecological techniques and apparatus KW - M2 551.465:Structure/Dynamics/Circulation (551.465) KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/817609709?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biogeosciences+Discussions&rft.atitle=An+evaluation+of+ocean+color+model+estimates+of+marine+primary+productivity+in+coastal+and+pelagic+regions+across+the+globe&rft.au=Saba%2C+V+S%3BFriedrichs%2C+MAM%3BAntoine%2C+D%3BArmstrong%2C+R+A%3BAsanuma%2C+I%3BBehrenfeld%2C+MJ%3BCiotti%2C+A+M%3BDowell%2C+M%3BHoepffner%2C+N%3BHyde%2C+KJW&rft.aulast=Saba&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2010-09-06&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=6749&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biogeosciences+Discussions&rft.issn=18106277&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Colour; Chlorophylls; Coastal zone; Mathematical models; Pelagic environment; Carbon 14; Extreme values; Primary production; Coasts; Temperature effects; Carbon; Data processing; Oceans; Algorithms; Wavelength; Water column; Models; Color; Satellite data; Coastal oceanography; Frontal zones; MED, Black Sea; PS, Ross Sea; ISW, Arabian Sea; IN, North Pacific; PSW, Antarctica, Antarctic Peninsula; AN, North Atlantic; AN, Sargasso Sea ER - TY - RPRT T1 - NORTHWEST TRAINING RANGE COMPLEX, PACIFIC OCEAN, CALIFORNIA, OREGON, AND WASHINGTON. [Part 3 of 3] T2 - NORTHWEST TRAINING RANGE COMPLEX, PACIFIC OCEAN, CALIFORNIA, OREGON, AND WASHINGTON. AN - 873133312; 14636-4_0003 AB - PURPOSE: The implementation of a new plan of operations for the U.S. Navy's Northwest Training Range Complex (NWTRC), extending along the Pacific Coast from Northern California to the northern tip of Washington's Olympic Peninsula is proposed. The NWTRC consists of an offshore area and an inshore area and includes ranges, operating areas, and airspace that extend west to 250 nautical miles (nm) beyond the coasts of Washington, Oregon, and Northern California; and east into Idaho. The components encompass 122,440 square nm of surface/subsurface ocean operating areas, 46,048 square nm of special use airspace, 367 square nm of restricted airspace, and 875 acres of land. The offshore area of the Range Complex includes surface and subsurface operating areas extending west from the coastline for 250 nm into international waters. The inshore area includes all air, land, sea, and undersea ranges and operating areas inland of the coastline including Puget Sound. The NWTRC provides a unique training environment for those units homeported in the Pacific Northwest area, including those aviation, surface ship, submarine, and explosive ordnance disposal units homeported at Naval Air Station Whidbey Island, Naval Station Everett, Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Naval Base Kitsap Bremerton, and Naval Base Bangor. Additionally, the NWTRC supports other non-resident Navy users and their training requirements. The proposed modifications to the complex are intended to maintain acceptable levels of naval military readiness, accommodate future increases in operational training tempo, and upgrade existing range capabilities to address shortfalls and deficiencies. Three alternatives, including a No Action Alternative, which would perpetuate current operations, are considered in this final EIS. Both action alternatives would: accommodate the Fleet Response Training Plan (FRTP); achieve training requirements based on fleet deployment schedules; accommodate joint training events involving other branches of the U.S. military and the military of U.S. allies; provide for basic and intermediate training of Navy forces in an environment that replicates the dynamic nature of modern naval warfare; meet training requirements of formal military schools located at Navy installations in the Pacific Northwest region; accommodate research, development, testing and evaluation (RDT&E) activities; align NWTRC infrastructure with other Navy infrastructure, including new weapons systems, instrumentation, and technology; ensure sustainable range management to protect and conserve natural and cultural resources; and preserve access to training areas for current and future training requirements, while addressing potential encroachments that threaten to impact range capabilities. Alternatives 1 and 2 differ only in the level of training and force structure change each accommodates, with Alternative 2, the preferred alternative, providing for a higher level of both training and structural support. Additional range enhancements under Alternative 2 would include new electronic combat threat simulators/targets, development of a small scale underwater training minefield, development and use of a portable undersea tracking range, and development of air and surface target services. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would achieve and maintain fleet readiness using the NWTRC to support and conduct current, emergent, and future training and RDT&E activities, primarily in the field of unmanned aerial systems. Expansion of warfare missions supported by the NWTRC would be consistent with the requirements of the FRTP. Upgrading and modernizing existing range capabilities would address shortfalls and deficiencies in the current training areas and operating areas. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Soils would be damaged and degraded by exploding ordnance, the by-products of exploded materials, and the movement of personnel and equipment within inshore areas. Air pollutant emissions, primarily from aircraft, in both inshore and offshore areas of the range would increase over current levels. Although 190,000 ordnance and non-ordnance items would be expended offshore during the proposed operations, no significant impacts to water quality are anticipated. Aircraft noise and noise from ordnance explosions over inshore areas would increase somewhat. Approximately 109 annual low-altitude helicopter flights would emit more significant noise levels than other aircraft operations. Unexploded ordnance in inshore areas could pose a future safety hazard if they go undiscovered by recovery teams. The potential for collision with marine mammals, particularly cetaceans, would increase somewhat over the existing level of risk. LEGAL MANDATES: Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (43 U.S.C. 1465) and Executive Order 12114. PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0010D, Volume 33, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100364, Volumes 1-3 on CD-ROM, September 3, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 3 KW - Defense Programs KW - Aircraft KW - Aircraft Noise KW - Air Quality Assessments KW - Coastal Zones KW - Helicopters KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - International Programs KW - Marine Mammals KW - Marine Surveys KW - Marine Systems KW - Military Facilities (Navy) KW - Military Operations (Joint) KW - Military Operations (Navy) KW - Munitions KW - Noise KW - Research KW - Research Facilities KW - Ships KW - Soil Pollution KW - Sonic Booms KW - Submarines KW - Vegetation KW - Weapon Systems KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, Compliance KW - Executive Order 12114, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873133312?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-09-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=NORTHWEST+TRAINING+RANGE+COMPLEX%2C+PACIFIC+OCEAN%2C+CALIFORNIA%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=NORTHWEST+TRAINING+RANGE+COMPLEX%2C+PACIFIC+OCEAN%2C+CALIFORNIA%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Navy, Pacific Fleet Command, Silverdale, Washington; NAVY N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: September 3, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - NORTHWEST TRAINING RANGE COMPLEX, PACIFIC OCEAN, CALIFORNIA, OREGON, AND WASHINGTON. [Part 2 of 3] T2 - NORTHWEST TRAINING RANGE COMPLEX, PACIFIC OCEAN, CALIFORNIA, OREGON, AND WASHINGTON. AN - 873129925; 14636-4_0002 AB - PURPOSE: The implementation of a new plan of operations for the U.S. Navy's Northwest Training Range Complex (NWTRC), extending along the Pacific Coast from Northern California to the northern tip of Washington's Olympic Peninsula is proposed. The NWTRC consists of an offshore area and an inshore area and includes ranges, operating areas, and airspace that extend west to 250 nautical miles (nm) beyond the coasts of Washington, Oregon, and Northern California; and east into Idaho. The components encompass 122,440 square nm of surface/subsurface ocean operating areas, 46,048 square nm of special use airspace, 367 square nm of restricted airspace, and 875 acres of land. The offshore area of the Range Complex includes surface and subsurface operating areas extending west from the coastline for 250 nm into international waters. The inshore area includes all air, land, sea, and undersea ranges and operating areas inland of the coastline including Puget Sound. The NWTRC provides a unique training environment for those units homeported in the Pacific Northwest area, including those aviation, surface ship, submarine, and explosive ordnance disposal units homeported at Naval Air Station Whidbey Island, Naval Station Everett, Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Naval Base Kitsap Bremerton, and Naval Base Bangor. Additionally, the NWTRC supports other non-resident Navy users and their training requirements. The proposed modifications to the complex are intended to maintain acceptable levels of naval military readiness, accommodate future increases in operational training tempo, and upgrade existing range capabilities to address shortfalls and deficiencies. Three alternatives, including a No Action Alternative, which would perpetuate current operations, are considered in this final EIS. Both action alternatives would: accommodate the Fleet Response Training Plan (FRTP); achieve training requirements based on fleet deployment schedules; accommodate joint training events involving other branches of the U.S. military and the military of U.S. allies; provide for basic and intermediate training of Navy forces in an environment that replicates the dynamic nature of modern naval warfare; meet training requirements of formal military schools located at Navy installations in the Pacific Northwest region; accommodate research, development, testing and evaluation (RDT&E) activities; align NWTRC infrastructure with other Navy infrastructure, including new weapons systems, instrumentation, and technology; ensure sustainable range management to protect and conserve natural and cultural resources; and preserve access to training areas for current and future training requirements, while addressing potential encroachments that threaten to impact range capabilities. Alternatives 1 and 2 differ only in the level of training and force structure change each accommodates, with Alternative 2, the preferred alternative, providing for a higher level of both training and structural support. Additional range enhancements under Alternative 2 would include new electronic combat threat simulators/targets, development of a small scale underwater training minefield, development and use of a portable undersea tracking range, and development of air and surface target services. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would achieve and maintain fleet readiness using the NWTRC to support and conduct current, emergent, and future training and RDT&E activities, primarily in the field of unmanned aerial systems. Expansion of warfare missions supported by the NWTRC would be consistent with the requirements of the FRTP. Upgrading and modernizing existing range capabilities would address shortfalls and deficiencies in the current training areas and operating areas. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Soils would be damaged and degraded by exploding ordnance, the by-products of exploded materials, and the movement of personnel and equipment within inshore areas. Air pollutant emissions, primarily from aircraft, in both inshore and offshore areas of the range would increase over current levels. Although 190,000 ordnance and non-ordnance items would be expended offshore during the proposed operations, no significant impacts to water quality are anticipated. Aircraft noise and noise from ordnance explosions over inshore areas would increase somewhat. Approximately 109 annual low-altitude helicopter flights would emit more significant noise levels than other aircraft operations. Unexploded ordnance in inshore areas could pose a future safety hazard if they go undiscovered by recovery teams. The potential for collision with marine mammals, particularly cetaceans, would increase somewhat over the existing level of risk. LEGAL MANDATES: Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (43 U.S.C. 1465) and Executive Order 12114. PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0010D, Volume 33, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100364, Volumes 1-3 on CD-ROM, September 3, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 2 KW - Defense Programs KW - Aircraft KW - Aircraft Noise KW - Air Quality Assessments KW - Coastal Zones KW - Helicopters KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - International Programs KW - Marine Mammals KW - Marine Surveys KW - Marine Systems KW - Military Facilities (Navy) KW - Military Operations (Joint) KW - Military Operations (Navy) KW - Munitions KW - Noise KW - Research KW - Research Facilities KW - Ships KW - Soil Pollution KW - Sonic Booms KW - Submarines KW - Vegetation KW - Weapon Systems KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, Compliance KW - Executive Order 12114, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129925?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-09-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=NORTHWEST+TRAINING+RANGE+COMPLEX%2C+PACIFIC+OCEAN%2C+CALIFORNIA%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=NORTHWEST+TRAINING+RANGE+COMPLEX%2C+PACIFIC+OCEAN%2C+CALIFORNIA%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Navy, Pacific Fleet Command, Silverdale, Washington; NAVY N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: September 3, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - NORTHWEST TRAINING RANGE COMPLEX, PACIFIC OCEAN, CALIFORNIA, OREGON, AND WASHINGTON. [Part 1 of 3] T2 - NORTHWEST TRAINING RANGE COMPLEX, PACIFIC OCEAN, CALIFORNIA, OREGON, AND WASHINGTON. AN - 873128175; 14636-4_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The implementation of a new plan of operations for the U.S. Navy's Northwest Training Range Complex (NWTRC), extending along the Pacific Coast from Northern California to the northern tip of Washington's Olympic Peninsula is proposed. The NWTRC consists of an offshore area and an inshore area and includes ranges, operating areas, and airspace that extend west to 250 nautical miles (nm) beyond the coasts of Washington, Oregon, and Northern California; and east into Idaho. The components encompass 122,440 square nm of surface/subsurface ocean operating areas, 46,048 square nm of special use airspace, 367 square nm of restricted airspace, and 875 acres of land. The offshore area of the Range Complex includes surface and subsurface operating areas extending west from the coastline for 250 nm into international waters. The inshore area includes all air, land, sea, and undersea ranges and operating areas inland of the coastline including Puget Sound. The NWTRC provides a unique training environment for those units homeported in the Pacific Northwest area, including those aviation, surface ship, submarine, and explosive ordnance disposal units homeported at Naval Air Station Whidbey Island, Naval Station Everett, Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Naval Base Kitsap Bremerton, and Naval Base Bangor. Additionally, the NWTRC supports other non-resident Navy users and their training requirements. The proposed modifications to the complex are intended to maintain acceptable levels of naval military readiness, accommodate future increases in operational training tempo, and upgrade existing range capabilities to address shortfalls and deficiencies. Three alternatives, including a No Action Alternative, which would perpetuate current operations, are considered in this final EIS. Both action alternatives would: accommodate the Fleet Response Training Plan (FRTP); achieve training requirements based on fleet deployment schedules; accommodate joint training events involving other branches of the U.S. military and the military of U.S. allies; provide for basic and intermediate training of Navy forces in an environment that replicates the dynamic nature of modern naval warfare; meet training requirements of formal military schools located at Navy installations in the Pacific Northwest region; accommodate research, development, testing and evaluation (RDT&E) activities; align NWTRC infrastructure with other Navy infrastructure, including new weapons systems, instrumentation, and technology; ensure sustainable range management to protect and conserve natural and cultural resources; and preserve access to training areas for current and future training requirements, while addressing potential encroachments that threaten to impact range capabilities. Alternatives 1 and 2 differ only in the level of training and force structure change each accommodates, with Alternative 2, the preferred alternative, providing for a higher level of both training and structural support. Additional range enhancements under Alternative 2 would include new electronic combat threat simulators/targets, development of a small scale underwater training minefield, development and use of a portable undersea tracking range, and development of air and surface target services. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would achieve and maintain fleet readiness using the NWTRC to support and conduct current, emergent, and future training and RDT&E activities, primarily in the field of unmanned aerial systems. Expansion of warfare missions supported by the NWTRC would be consistent with the requirements of the FRTP. Upgrading and modernizing existing range capabilities would address shortfalls and deficiencies in the current training areas and operating areas. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Soils would be damaged and degraded by exploding ordnance, the by-products of exploded materials, and the movement of personnel and equipment within inshore areas. Air pollutant emissions, primarily from aircraft, in both inshore and offshore areas of the range would increase over current levels. Although 190,000 ordnance and non-ordnance items would be expended offshore during the proposed operations, no significant impacts to water quality are anticipated. Aircraft noise and noise from ordnance explosions over inshore areas would increase somewhat. Approximately 109 annual low-altitude helicopter flights would emit more significant noise levels than other aircraft operations. Unexploded ordnance in inshore areas could pose a future safety hazard if they go undiscovered by recovery teams. The potential for collision with marine mammals, particularly cetaceans, would increase somewhat over the existing level of risk. LEGAL MANDATES: Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (43 U.S.C. 1465) and Executive Order 12114. PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0010D, Volume 33, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100364, Volumes 1-3 on CD-ROM, September 3, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 1 KW - Defense Programs KW - Aircraft KW - Aircraft Noise KW - Air Quality Assessments KW - Coastal Zones KW - Helicopters KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - International Programs KW - Marine Mammals KW - Marine Surveys KW - Marine Systems KW - Military Facilities (Navy) KW - Military Operations (Joint) KW - Military Operations (Navy) KW - Munitions KW - Noise KW - Research KW - Research Facilities KW - Ships KW - Soil Pollution KW - Sonic Booms KW - Submarines KW - Vegetation KW - Weapon Systems KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, Compliance KW - Executive Order 12114, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873128175?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-09-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=NORTHWEST+TRAINING+RANGE+COMPLEX%2C+PACIFIC+OCEAN%2C+CALIFORNIA%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=NORTHWEST+TRAINING+RANGE+COMPLEX%2C+PACIFIC+OCEAN%2C+CALIFORNIA%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Navy, Pacific Fleet Command, Silverdale, Washington; NAVY N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: September 3, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - NORTHWEST TRAINING RANGE COMPLEX, PACIFIC OCEAN, CALIFORNIA, OREGON, AND WASHINGTON. AN - 15235231; 14636 AB - PURPOSE: The implementation of a new plan of operations for the U.S. Navy's Northwest Training Range Complex (NWTRC), extending along the Pacific Coast from Northern California to the northern tip of Washington's Olympic Peninsula is proposed. The NWTRC consists of an offshore area and an inshore area and includes ranges, operating areas, and airspace that extend west to 250 nautical miles (nm) beyond the coasts of Washington, Oregon, and Northern California; and east into Idaho. The components encompass 122,440 square nm of surface/subsurface ocean operating areas, 46,048 square nm of special use airspace, 367 square nm of restricted airspace, and 875 acres of land. The offshore area of the Range Complex includes surface and subsurface operating areas extending west from the coastline for 250 nm into international waters. The inshore area includes all air, land, sea, and undersea ranges and operating areas inland of the coastline including Puget Sound. The NWTRC provides a unique training environment for those units homeported in the Pacific Northwest area, including those aviation, surface ship, submarine, and explosive ordnance disposal units homeported at Naval Air Station Whidbey Island, Naval Station Everett, Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Naval Base Kitsap Bremerton, and Naval Base Bangor. Additionally, the NWTRC supports other non-resident Navy users and their training requirements. The proposed modifications to the complex are intended to maintain acceptable levels of naval military readiness, accommodate future increases in operational training tempo, and upgrade existing range capabilities to address shortfalls and deficiencies. Three alternatives, including a No Action Alternative, which would perpetuate current operations, are considered in this final EIS. Both action alternatives would: accommodate the Fleet Response Training Plan (FRTP); achieve training requirements based on fleet deployment schedules; accommodate joint training events involving other branches of the U.S. military and the military of U.S. allies; provide for basic and intermediate training of Navy forces in an environment that replicates the dynamic nature of modern naval warfare; meet training requirements of formal military schools located at Navy installations in the Pacific Northwest region; accommodate research, development, testing and evaluation (RDT&E) activities; align NWTRC infrastructure with other Navy infrastructure, including new weapons systems, instrumentation, and technology; ensure sustainable range management to protect and conserve natural and cultural resources; and preserve access to training areas for current and future training requirements, while addressing potential encroachments that threaten to impact range capabilities. Alternatives 1 and 2 differ only in the level of training and force structure change each accommodates, with Alternative 2, the preferred alternative, providing for a higher level of both training and structural support. Additional range enhancements under Alternative 2 would include new electronic combat threat simulators/targets, development of a small scale underwater training minefield, development and use of a portable undersea tracking range, and development of air and surface target services. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of the preferred alternative would achieve and maintain fleet readiness using the NWTRC to support and conduct current, emergent, and future training and RDT&E activities, primarily in the field of unmanned aerial systems. Expansion of warfare missions supported by the NWTRC would be consistent with the requirements of the FRTP. Upgrading and modernizing existing range capabilities would address shortfalls and deficiencies in the current training areas and operating areas. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Soils would be damaged and degraded by exploding ordnance, the by-products of exploded materials, and the movement of personnel and equipment within inshore areas. Air pollutant emissions, primarily from aircraft, in both inshore and offshore areas of the range would increase over current levels. Although 190,000 ordnance and non-ordnance items would be expended offshore during the proposed operations, no significant impacts to water quality are anticipated. Aircraft noise and noise from ordnance explosions over inshore areas would increase somewhat. Approximately 109 annual low-altitude helicopter flights would emit more significant noise levels than other aircraft operations. Unexploded ordnance in inshore areas could pose a future safety hazard if they go undiscovered by recovery teams. The potential for collision with marine mammals, particularly cetaceans, would increase somewhat over the existing level of risk. LEGAL MANDATES: Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (43 U.S.C. 1465) and Executive Order 12114. PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0010D, Volume 33, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100364, Volumes 1-3 on CD-ROM, September 3, 2010 PY - 2010 KW - Defense Programs KW - Aircraft KW - Aircraft Noise KW - Air Quality Assessments KW - Coastal Zones KW - Helicopters KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - International Programs KW - Marine Mammals KW - Marine Surveys KW - Marine Systems KW - Military Facilities (Navy) KW - Military Operations (Joint) KW - Military Operations (Navy) KW - Munitions KW - Noise KW - Research KW - Research Facilities KW - Ships KW - Soil Pollution KW - Sonic Booms KW - Submarines KW - Vegetation KW - Weapon Systems KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Puget Sound KW - Washington KW - Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, Compliance KW - Executive Order 12114, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15235231?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-09-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=NORTHWEST+TRAINING+RANGE+COMPLEX%2C+PACIFIC+OCEAN%2C+CALIFORNIA%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+WASHINGTON.&rft.title=NORTHWEST+TRAINING+RANGE+COMPLEX%2C+PACIFIC+OCEAN%2C+CALIFORNIA%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+WASHINGTON.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Navy, Pacific Fleet Command, Silverdale, Washington; NAVY N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: September 3, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - GRAY'S REEF NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY RESEARCH AREA DESIGNATION, GEORGIA. [Part 1 of 1] T2 - GRAY'S REEF NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY RESEARCH AREA DESIGNATION, GEORGIA. AN - 853675623; 14635-100363_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The designation of a research area within Gray's Reef National Marine Sanctuary (GRNMS) off the coast of Georgia is proposed. The sanctuary is located 16 miles offshore of Sapelo Island, Georgia, on an area of continental shelf stretching from Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, to Cape Canaveral, Florida called the South Atlantic Bight. Designated in 1981, GRNMS contains one of the largest nearshore live-bottom reefs in the southeastern United States and protects 22 square miles of open ocean and submerged lands of particular biological importance. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is proposing to establish a research area in GRNMS to provide for comprehensive and coordinated conservation and management of natural resources consistent with the National Marine Sanctuaries Act. Although allowable fishing gear is limited in the sanctuary, recreational fishing continues to impact resources. Four boundary scenarios, several activity restrictions, and a No Action Alternative are evaluated in this draft EIS. Under the preferred alternative, fishing and diving activities would be prohibited and vessel transit allowed only without stopping. The preferred boundary is the Southern Option Boundary, which encompasses 8.27 square miles and would be expected to displace a minimal number (9.2 percent) of sanctuary visitors. The research area would not be conditioned by any limit on the number of years of closure, but would be evaluated or reviewed and may be subject to change each time the GRNMS management plan is reviewed. In addition, GRNMS would conduct an annual review of usage and performance criteria of the research area. Other boundary options considered include: the Optimal Scientific Option Boundary based solely on research considerations; the Minimal User Displacement Option Boundary based on the least impact on or displacement of users; and the Compromise Option Boundary based on moderate values for both user displacement and scientific needs. POSITIVE IMPACTS: A designated research area would increase the opportunity to discriminate scientifically between natural and human-induced change to species populations in the sanctuary. Regulation allowing vessel transit through the sanctuary without stopping in the research area would facilitate enforcement. The prohibition on all fishing in the proposed research area would likely result in more abundant populations of snapper-grouper and other fish species in the long term. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Under Optimal Scientific Option Boundary alternative, the elimination of all fishing would have significant adverse socioeconomic impact. Minimal socioeconomic impact would result from implementation of the Southern Option or Minimal User Displacement Option boundaries. Displacement of fishing effort from the Southern Option Boundary to other areas could have adverse impact. LEGAL MANDATES: National Marine Sanctuaries Act of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1431 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100363, 120 pages, September 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 1 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Fish KW - Fisheries KW - Marine Systems KW - Preserves KW - Recreation KW - Recreation Resources KW - Reefs KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Ships KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Gray's Reef National Marine Sanctuary KW - National Marine Sanctuaries Act of 1972, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853675623?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-09-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=GRAY%27S+REEF+NATIONAL+MARINE+SANCTUARY+RESEARCH+AREA+DESIGNATION%2C+GEORGIA.&rft.title=GRAY%27S+REEF+NATIONAL+MARINE+SANCTUARY+RESEARCH+AREA+DESIGNATION%2C+GEORGIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Savannah, Georgia; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: September 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Californian wildfire plumes over Southwestern British Columbia: lidar, sunphotometry, and mountaintop chemistry observations AN - 807272154; 13825397 AB - Forest fires in Northern California and Oregon were responsible for two significant regional scale aerosol transport events observed in southern British Columbia during summer 2008. A combination of ground based (CORALNet) and satellite (CALIPSO) lidar, sunphotometry and high altitude chemistry observations permitted unprecedented characterization of forest fire plume height and mixing as well as description of optical properties and physicochemistry of the aerosol. In southwestern BC, lidar observations show the smoke to be mixed through a layer extending to 5-6 km a.g.l. where the aerosol was confined by an elevated inversion in both cases. Depolarization ratios for a trans-Pacific dust event (providing a basis for comparison) and the two smoke events were consistent with observations of dust and smoke events elsewhere and permit discrimination of aerosol events in the region. Based on sunphotometry, the Aerosol Optical Thicknesses (AOT) reached maxima of ~0.7 and ~0.4 for the two events respectively. Dubovik-retrieval values of r sub(eff,f) during both the June/July and August events varied between about 0.13 and 0.15 km and confirm the dominance of accumulation mode size particles in the forest fire plumes. Both Whistler Peak and Mount Bachelor Observatory data show that smoke events are accompanied by elevated CO and O sub(3) concentrations as well as elevated K super(+)/SO sub(4) ratios. In addition to documenting the meteorology and physico-chemical characteristics of two regional scale biomass burning plumes, this study demonstrates the positive analytical synergies arising from the suite of measurements now in place in the Pacific Northwest, and complemented by satellite borne instruments. JF - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions AU - McKendry, I AU - Strawbridge, K AU - Karumudi, M L AU - O'Neill, N AU - Macdonald, A M AU - Leaitch, R AU - Jaffe, D AU - Sharma, S AU - Sheridan, P AU - Ogren, J AD - NOAA-Earth System Research Laboratory, Global Monitoring Division, Boulder, CO, USA Y1 - 2010/09/02/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Sep 02 SP - 21047 EP - 21075 PB - European Geophysical Society, Max-Planck-Str. 13 Katlenburg-Lindau Germany VL - 10 IS - 9 SN - 1680-7367, 1680-7367 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Aerosol transport KW - Lidar KW - INE, USA, Pacific Northwest KW - Dust KW - Optical analysis KW - INE, USA, California KW - Meteorology KW - Plumes KW - Canada, British Columbia KW - Aerosols KW - Forest fires KW - Physicochemical properties KW - Optical thickness of aerosols KW - Satellites KW - Whistlers KW - Inversions KW - Smoke KW - INE, USA, Oregon KW - Lidar applications KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.593:Optical (551.593) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/807272154?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics+Discussions&rft.atitle=Californian+wildfire+plumes+over+Southwestern+British+Columbia%3A+lidar%2C+sunphotometry%2C+and+mountaintop+chemistry+observations&rft.au=McKendry%2C+I%3BStrawbridge%2C+K%3BKarumudi%2C+M+L%3BO%27Neill%2C+N%3BMacdonald%2C+A+M%3BLeaitch%2C+R%3BJaffe%2C+D%3BSharma%2C+S%3BSheridan%2C+P%3BOgren%2C+J&rft.aulast=McKendry&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=2010-09-02&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=21047&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics+Discussions&rft.issn=16807367&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Smoke; Aerosol transport; Forest fires; Atmospheric chemistry; Lidar applications; Optical thickness of aerosols; Meteorology; Whistlers; Inversions; Optical analysis; Aerosols; Physicochemical properties; Lidar; Satellites; Plumes; Dust; Canada, British Columbia; INE, USA, Oregon; INE, USA, California; INE, USA, Pacific Northwest ER - TY - RPRT T1 - GRAY'S REEF NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY RESEARCH AREA DESIGNATION, GEORGIA. AN - 759301387; 14635 AB - PURPOSE: The designation of a research area within Gray's Reef National Marine Sanctuary (GRNMS) off the coast of Georgia is proposed. The sanctuary is located 16 miles offshore of Sapelo Island, Georgia, on an area of continental shelf stretching from Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, to Cape Canaveral, Florida called the South Atlantic Bight. Designated in 1981, GRNMS contains one of the largest nearshore live-bottom reefs in the southeastern United States and protects 22 square miles of open ocean and submerged lands of particular biological importance. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is proposing to establish a research area in GRNMS to provide for comprehensive and coordinated conservation and management of natural resources consistent with the National Marine Sanctuaries Act. Although allowable fishing gear is limited in the sanctuary, recreational fishing continues to impact resources. Four boundary scenarios, several activity restrictions, and a No Action Alternative are evaluated in this draft EIS. Under the preferred alternative, fishing and diving activities would be prohibited and vessel transit allowed only without stopping. The preferred boundary is the Southern Option Boundary, which encompasses 8.27 square miles and would be expected to displace a minimal number (9.2 percent) of sanctuary visitors. The research area would not be conditioned by any limit on the number of years of closure, but would be evaluated or reviewed and may be subject to change each time the GRNMS management plan is reviewed. In addition, GRNMS would conduct an annual review of usage and performance criteria of the research area. Other boundary options considered include: the Optimal Scientific Option Boundary based solely on research considerations; the Minimal User Displacement Option Boundary based on the least impact on or displacement of users; and the Compromise Option Boundary based on moderate values for both user displacement and scientific needs. POSITIVE IMPACTS: A designated research area would increase the opportunity to discriminate scientifically between natural and human-induced change to species populations in the sanctuary. Regulation allowing vessel transit through the sanctuary without stopping in the research area would facilitate enforcement. The prohibition on all fishing in the proposed research area would likely result in more abundant populations of snapper-grouper and other fish species in the long term. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Under Optimal Scientific Option Boundary alternative, the elimination of all fishing would have significant adverse socioeconomic impact. Minimal socioeconomic impact would result from implementation of the Southern Option or Minimal User Displacement Option boundaries. Displacement of fishing effort from the Southern Option Boundary to other areas could have adverse impact. LEGAL MANDATES: National Marine Sanctuaries Act of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1431 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100363, 120 pages, September 2, 2010 PY - 2010 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Fish KW - Fisheries KW - Marine Systems KW - Preserves KW - Recreation KW - Recreation Resources KW - Reefs KW - Regulations KW - Research KW - Ships KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Georgia KW - Gray's Reef National Marine Sanctuary KW - National Marine Sanctuaries Act of 1972, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/759301387?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-09-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=GRAY%27S+REEF+NATIONAL+MARINE+SANCTUARY+RESEARCH+AREA+DESIGNATION%2C+GEORGIA.&rft.title=GRAY%27S+REEF+NATIONAL+MARINE+SANCTUARY+RESEARCH+AREA+DESIGNATION%2C+GEORGIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Savannah, Georgia; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: September 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison of bathymetry mapped with the Simrad ME70 multibeam echosounder operated in bathymetric and fisheries modes AN - 918066159; 16141019 AB - Cutter, G. R. Jr, Berger, L., and Demer, D. A. 2010. A comparison of bathymetry mapped with the Simrad ME70 multibeam echosounder operated in bathymetric and fisheries modes. - ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 1301-1309.The Simrad ME70 multibeam echosounder was designed for quantitative fisheries research and is currently installed on Ifremer's fishery survey vessel (FSV) "Thalassa" and each of the new, quiet, NOAA FSVs. The ME70 has configurable beams and transmits in the range 70-120 kHz to provide calibrated, acoustic-backscattering data throughout the detection range (fisheries mode, FM). With optional hardware and software, the ME70 can also collect soundings that potentially meet International Hydrographic Organization's S-44 Order 1 standards (bathymetric mode, BM). Furthermore, with custom algorithms and software, bathymetric data can be obtained from the ME70 operating in FM, and volume backscatter can be sampled from the ME70 operating in BM. This flexibility allows data to be concurrently collected on fish and their seabed habitat. A method is described for processing the echo amplitude and phase data from multiple split-beams formed in FM to estimate seabed range, slope, and roughness. The resulting bathymetry is compared with that collected with the ME70 operating in BM in the same area of the Bay of Biscay. A proposal is made for software development to facilitate dual-use data processing. JF - ICES Journal of Marine Science AU - Cutter, George R AU - Berger, Laurent AU - Demer, David A AD - 1 NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, 8604 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla, CA 9203, USA, george.cutter@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - September 2010 SP - 1301 EP - 1309 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 67 IS - 6 SN - 1054-3139, 1054-3139 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - bathymetry KW - mapping KW - ME70 KW - multibeam echosounder KW - NOAA FSV KW - split-beam KW - Marine fisheries KW - Marine KW - Acoustic data KW - echosounders KW - Data processing KW - Echosounders KW - Soundings KW - Habitat KW - Bathymetry KW - Computer programs KW - Comparative studies KW - ANE, Europe, Biscay Bay KW - Fishery surveys KW - Fisheries KW - Fish KW - Ocean floor KW - International standardization KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - Q1 08563:Fishing gear and methods KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918066159?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ICES+Journal+of+Marine+Science&rft.atitle=A+comparison+of+bathymetry+mapped+with+the+Simrad+ME70+multibeam+echosounder+operated+in+bathymetric+and+fisheries+modes&rft.au=Cutter%2C+George+R%3BBerger%2C+Laurent%3BDemer%2C+David+A&rft.aulast=Cutter&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1301&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ICES+Journal+of+Marine+Science&rft.issn=10543139&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Ficesjms%2Ffsq012 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fisheries; Acoustic data; Comparative studies; Data processing; Fishery surveys; Echosounders; Soundings; Ocean floor; Bathymetry; Computer programs; echosounders; Fisheries; Fish; bathymetry; Habitat; International standardization; ANE, Europe, Biscay Bay; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsq012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Studies on Fire Characteristics in Over- and Underventilated Full-scale Compartments AN - 877594598; 13638126 AB - An experimental study was conducted to investigate the thermal, chemical, and flow environments of heptane fires in an ISO 9705 room. Fuel flow rates and vent size were manipulated to create overventilated fire (OVF) and underventilated fire (UVF) conditions. Numerical simulations were also performed, for the same conditions, with the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) developed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Both OVF and UVF conditions were characterized with temperature distributions, and combustion product formation measured locally in the upper layer, as well as combustion efficiency and global equivalence ratio. It was shown that the numerical results agree quantitatively with measurements in both OVF and UVF. The internal flow pattern rotated in the opposite direction for the UVF relative to the OVF so that a portion of products recirculated to the inside of compartment. This flow pattern may affect changes in the complex processes of CO and soot formation inside the compartment due to an increase in the residence time of high-temperature products. The 3D flow structures including O sub(2) and CO distribution were visualized inside the underventilated compartment fire using FDS. It was observed that the two gas sample locations in the upper layer of the room were insufficient to completely characterize the internal structure of the compartment fire. JF - Journal of Fire Sciences AU - Hwang, Cheol-Hong AU - Lock, Andrew AU - Bundy, Matthew AU - Johnsson, Erik AU - Ko, Gwon Hyun AD - Building and Fire Research Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8661, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8663, USA, andrew.lock@nist.gov Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - Sep 2010 SP - 459 EP - 486 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 28 IS - 5 SN - 0734-9041, 0734-9041 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Fires KW - Combustion products KW - Fuels KW - Temperature KW - Simulation KW - Flow rates KW - Combustion KW - Soot KW - Technology KW - H 7000:Fire Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/877594598?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Fire+Sciences&rft.atitle=Studies+on+Fire+Characteristics+in+Over-+and+Underventilated+Full-scale+Compartments&rft.au=Hwang%2C+Cheol-Hong%3BLock%2C+Andrew%3BBundy%2C+Matthew%3BJohnsson%2C+Erik%3BKo%2C+Gwon+Hyun&rft.aulast=Hwang&rft.aufirst=Cheol-Hong&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=459&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Fire+Sciences&rft.issn=07349041&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F0734904110363106 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fires; Soot; Combustion products; Fuels; Temperature; Simulation; Flow rates; Technology; Combustion DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734904110363106 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Testing the shallow water refuge hypothesis in flatfish nurseries AN - 867738176; 14771830 AB - The 'shallow water refuge hypothesis' (SWRH) holds that predation upon juvenile fish and crustaceans is reduced in shallow water because larger predatory fish increase in abundance with depth. We tested predictions of this hypothesis in 2 Kodiak Island flatfish nurseries, Pillar Creek Cove and Holiday Beach, using baited camera, tethering and video sled techniques. Baited camera deployments during 2007 indicated that predators increased with depth in both nurseries. In the same year, tethering indicated increased mortality of juvenile flatfish with increased depth. In contrast, video sled data from 2003 and 2004 indicated that predator abundance increased with depth at Holiday Beach, but not at Pillar Creek Cove. At Holiday Beach, juvenile abundance decreased rapidly with depth, while at Pillar Creek Cove abundance increased slightly with depth. Thus, predator-predation distribution over 3 yr at Holiday Beach was consistent with the SWRH, while at Pillar Creek Cove it was more variable. Although the SWRH is normally considered in the context of waters <2 m in depth, our results suggest that it may have efficacy for deeper water, with the relative depth distribution of predators and suitable juvenile habitat being more relevant than absolute depth. JF - Marine Ecology Progress Series AU - Ryer, CH AU - Laurel, B J AU - Stoner, A W AD - Fisheries Behavioral Ecology Program, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, Hatfield Marine Science Center, 2030 Marine Science Drive, Newport, Oregon 97365, USA, cliff.ryer@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - Sep 2010 SP - 275 EP - 282 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA VL - 415 SN - 0171-8630, 0171-8630 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Abundance KW - Predation KW - Nursery grounds KW - INE, USA, Alaska, Kodiak I. KW - Predators KW - Population dynamics KW - shallow water KW - Marine fish KW - Islands KW - Marine crustaceans KW - Marine KW - Mortality KW - Beaches KW - Data processing KW - Refuges KW - Habitat KW - Creek KW - predators KW - crustaceans KW - Shallow water KW - Cameras KW - Fish KW - Mortality causes KW - abundance KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08442:Population dynamics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/867738176?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.atitle=Testing+the+shallow+water+refuge+hypothesis+in+flatfish+nurseries&rft.au=Ryer%2C+CH%3BLaurel%2C+B+J%3BStoner%2C+A+W&rft.aulast=Ryer&rft.aufirst=CH&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=415&rft.issue=&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.issn=01718630&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fmeps08732 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Refuges; Shallow water; Cameras; Nursery grounds; Population dynamics; Creek; Marine crustaceans; Mortality causes; Mortality; Beaches; Data processing; Islands; Predation; Abundance; Predators; Habitat; shallow water; crustaceans; Fish; predators; abundance; INE, USA, Alaska, Kodiak I.; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps08732 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Shifting species assemblages in the Northeast US Continental Shelf Large Marine Ecosystem AN - 867738135; 14771826 AB - The Northeast US Continental Shelf Large Marine Ecosystem (NES LME) has experienced 2 major pressures: fishing and climate. The magnitude and rate of response to these pressures are species-specific and depend on each individual species' behavior, physiology and life histories. Thus, species assemblages can be expected to change as a result of the sum of each individual species' response. In previous studies, distinct species assemblages have been identified in each of the 4 subregions by which the NES LME has traditionally been assessed: Mid-Atlantic Bight (MAB), Southern New England (SNE), Georges Bank (GB), and Gulf of Maine (GOM). In this study, we confirm that each subregion has a distinct species assemblage, but found that those assemblages are shifting over time. The shift appears to be towards species that prefer warmer water. The result is a species assemblage within each subregion that more closely resembles the historic assemblage found in the adjacent subregion to the south. These shifts have occurred in response to a combination of both fishing and climate, and are highly nonlinear. Therefore, current reductions in fishing pressure may not be adequate to return the system to a more historic species assemblage. JF - Marine Ecology Progress Series AU - Lucey, Sean M AU - Nye, Janet A AD - National Marine Fisheries Service, Northeast Fisheries Science Center, Woods Hole Laboratory, 166 Water Street, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA, Sean.Lucey@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - Sep 2010 SP - 23 EP - 33 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030 USA VL - 415 SN - 0171-8630, 0171-8630 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/867738135?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.atitle=Shifting+species+assemblages+in+the+Northeast+US+Continental+Shelf+Large+Marine+Ecosystem&rft.au=Lucey%2C+Sean+M%3BNye%2C+Janet+A&rft.aulast=Lucey&rft.aufirst=Sean&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=415&rft.issue=&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.issn=01718630&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fmeps08743 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps08743 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecosystem-Based Management for the Oceans AN - 860379001; 13824922 JF - Restoration Ecology AU - Ballance, Lisa T AU - Whitty, Tara AD - 1Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, and Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA, 92037, U.S.A. Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - Sep 2010 SP - 780 EP - 781 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 18 IS - 5 SN - 1061-2971, 1061-2971 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Resource management KW - Oceans KW - Restoration KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/860379001?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Restoration+Ecology&rft.atitle=Ecosystem-Based+Management+for+the+Oceans&rft.au=Ballance%2C+Lisa+T%3BWhitty%2C+Tara&rft.aulast=Ballance&rft.aufirst=Lisa&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=780&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Restoration+Ecology&rft.issn=10612971&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1526-100X.2010.00732.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-04-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Resource management; Restoration; Oceans DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-100X.2010.00732.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interpreting dual ELISA and qPCR data for bacterial kidney disease of salmonids AN - 860372648; 13712203 AB - Although there are a variety of methods available for the detection of Renibacterium salmoninarum, the causative agent of bacterial kidney disease in salmon and trout, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is probably the most widely used method. However, ELISA measures bacterial antigen, which does not necessarily reflect the number of cells present. We hypothesized that dual analysis of kidney tissue by ELISA and a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay (qPCR) would provide complementary information about antigen level and the number of bacterial genomes. We found that DNA extracted from the insoluble fraction of the ELISA tissue preparation produced the same qPCR result as DNA extracted directly from frozen tissue, permitting true dual analysis of the same tissue sample. We examined kidney tissue in this manner from individual free-ranging juvenile Chinook salmon and antibiotic-treated captive subadult Chinook salmon and observed 3 different patterns of results. Among the majority of fish, there was a strong correlation between the ELISA value and the qPCR value. However, subsets of fish exhibited either low ELISA values with elevated qPCR values or higher ELISA values with very low qPCR values. These observations suggest a conceptual model that allows inferences about the state of infection of individual fish based on dual ELISA/qPCR results. Although this model requires further assessment through experimental infections and treatments, it may have utility in broodstock selection programs that currently apply egg-culling practices based on ELISA alone. JF - Diseases of Aquatic Organisms AU - Nance, Shelly L AU - Riederer, Michael AU - Zubkowski, Tyler AU - Trudel, Marc AU - Rhodes, Linda D AD - Aquatic Farms, Ltd., 49-139 Kamehameha Highway, Kaneohe, Hawaii 96744, USA, linda.rhodes@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - September 2010 SP - 113 EP - 119 PB - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany IS - 2 SN - 0177-5103, 0177-5103 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Bacterial kidney disease KW - Renibacterium salmoninarum KW - Diagnostic assays KW - ELISA KW - qPCR KW - Infection state KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Genomes KW - Bacteria KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - Experimental infection KW - Data processing KW - Anadromous species KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Kidney diseases KW - Kidneys KW - Antigens KW - DNA KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Disease detection KW - Salmonidae KW - Brood stocks KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/860372648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Diseases+of+Aquatic+Organisms&rft.atitle=Interpreting+dual+ELISA+and+qPCR+data+for+bacterial+kidney+disease+of+salmonids&rft.au=Nance%2C+Shelly+L%3BRiederer%2C+Michael%3BZubkowski%2C+Tyler%3BTrudel%2C+Marc%3BRhodes%2C+Linda+D&rft.aulast=Nance&rft.aufirst=Shelly&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Diseases+of+Aquatic+Organisms&rft.issn=01775103&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fdao02252 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Antigens; Nucleotide sequence; Anadromous species; DNA; ELISA; Disease detection; Kidneys; Brood stocks; Experimental infection; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Data processing; Kidney diseases; Polymerase chain reaction; Bacteria; Renibacterium salmoninarum; Salmonidae; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao02252 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evolution of errors in the altimetric bathymetry model used by Google Earth and GEBCO AN - 857810074; 2011-029731 AB - We analyze errors in the global bathymetry models of Smith and Sandwell that combine satellite altimetry with acoustic soundings and shorelines to estimate depths. Versions of these models have been incorporated into Google Earth and the General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO). We use Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) multibeam surveys not previously incorporated into the models as "ground truth" to compare against model versions 7.2 through 12.1, defining vertical differences as "errors." Overall error statistics improve over time: 50th percentile errors declined from 57 to 55 to 49 m, and 90th percentile errors declined from 257 to 235 to 219 m, in versions 8.2, 11.1 and 12.1. This improvement is partly due to an increasing number of soundings incorporated into successive models, and partly to improvements in the satellite gravity model. Inspection of specific sites reveals that changes in the algorithms used to interpolate across survey gaps with altimetry have affected some errors. Versions 9.1 through 11.1 show a bias in the scaling from gravity in milliGals to topography in meters that affected the 15-160 km wavelength band. Regionally averaged (>160 km wavelength) depths have accumulated error over successive versions 9 through 11. These problems have been mitigated in version 12.1, which shows no systematic variation of errors with depth. Even so, version 12.1 is in some respects not as good as version 8.2, which employed a different algorithm. Copyright 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. and Springer Science+Business Media B.V. (outside the USA) JF - Marine Geophysical Research AU - Marks, Karen M AU - Smith, W H F AU - Sandwell, D T Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - September 2010 SP - 223 EP - 238 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 31 IS - 3 SN - 0025-3235, 0025-3235 KW - errors KW - Google Earth KW - geophysical surveys KW - geophysical methods KW - surveys KW - altimetry KW - bathymetry KW - satellite methods KW - world ocean KW - remote sensing KW - GEBCO KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/857810074?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Geophysical+Research&rft.atitle=Evolution+of+errors+in+the+altimetric+bathymetry+model+used+by+Google+Earth+and+GEBCO&rft.au=Marks%2C+Karen+M%3BSmith%2C+W+H+F%3BSandwell%2C+D+T&rft.aulast=Marks&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Geophysical+Research&rft.issn=00253235&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11001-010-9102-0 L2 - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/klu/mari LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MGYRA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - altimetry; bathymetry; errors; GEBCO; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; Google Earth; remote sensing; satellite methods; surveys; world ocean DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11001-010-9102-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using food web model results to inform stock assessment estimates of mortality and production for ecosystem-based fisheries management AN - 856787010; 14300882 AB - Examining food web relationships for commercially important species enhances fisheries management by identifying sources of variability in mortality and production that are not included in standard single-species stock assessments. We use a static mass-balance model to evaluate relationships between species in a large marine ecosystem, the coastal Gulf of Alaska, USA. We focus on food web relationships for four case-study species: Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis), longnose skate (Raja rhina), walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma), and squids (order Teuthoidea). For each, we present the species' position within the food web, evaluate fishing mortality relative to predation mortality, and evaluate diet compositions. We find that high trophic level (TL) species, whether commercially valuable (halibut) or incidentally caught (skates), have mortality patterns consistent with single-species assessment assumptions, where fishing mortality dominates natural mortality. However, assessments for commercially valuable (pollock) or incidentally caught (squids) mid-TL species can be enhanced by including food web derived predation information because fishing mortality is small compared with high and variable predation mortality. Finally, we outline food web relationships that suggest how production of species may change with diet composition or prey availability.Original Abstract: L'examen des relations trophiques chez les poissons d'interet commercial ameliore la gestion des peches en identifiant les sources de variabilite de la mortalite et de la production qui ne sont pas incluses dans les evaluations monospecifiques courantes des stocks. Nous utilisons un modele de bilan massique statique pour evaluer les relations entre les especes dans un grand ecosysteme marin, la region cotiere du golfe de l'Alaska, E.-U. Nous nous interessons aux relations trophiques de quatre especes representatives, le fletan du Pacifique (Hippoglossus stenolepis), le pocheteau long-nez (Raja rhina), la goberge de l'Alaska (Theragra chalcogramma) et les calmars (ordre Teuthoidea). Pour chacune, nous presentons la position de l'espece dans le reseau alimentaire, nous evaluons la mortalite due a la peche par comparaison a la mortalite due a la predation et nous determinons la composition du regime alimentaire. Les especes de haut niveau trophique, qu'elles soient commercialement interessantes (fletan) or capturees en passant (raies), ont des patrons de mortalite qui concordent avec les presuppositions des evaluations monospecifiques, lorsque la mortalite due a la peche domine la mortalite naturelle. Cependant, les evaluations des especes de niveau trophique intermediaire d'importance commerciale (goberge) ou de capture accessoire (calmars) peuvent etre ameliorees en incluant les renseignements sur la predation obtenus dans le reseau alimentaire, parce que la mortalite due a la peche est basse par rapport a la mortalite due a la predation qui est forte et variable. Nous soulignons, enfin, des relations trophiques qui indiquent comment la production des especes peut changer en fonction de la composition du regime alimentaire et de la disponibilite des proies. JF - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences AU - Gaichas, Sarah K AU - Aydin, Kerim Y AU - Francis, Robert C AD - Resource Ecology and Fisheries Management Division, NOAA NMFS Alaska Fisheries Science Center, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Building 4, Seattle, WA 98115, USA., Sarah.Gaichas@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - Sep 2010 SP - 1490 EP - 1506 PB - NRC Research Press, 1200 Montreal Rd, Bldg M-55, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada, Tel.: 613-993-9084, 613-990-7873 or 1-800-668-1222 (Canada and U.S.), Fax: 613-952-7656, Ottawa ON K1A 0R6 Canada VL - 67 IS - 9 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Predation KW - Models KW - Fishery management KW - Teuthoidea KW - Marine ecosystems KW - Raja rhina KW - food webs KW - stock assessment KW - Food webs KW - Prey KW - Diets KW - Mortality KW - Theragra chalcogramma KW - Stock assessment KW - fishery management KW - prey KW - Hippoglossus stenolepis KW - Mortality patterns KW - Trophic levels KW - fishing KW - INE, USA, Alaska, Alaska Gulf KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/856787010?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences&rft.atitle=Using+food+web+model+results+to+inform+stock+assessment+estimates+of+mortality+and+production+for+ecosystem-based+fisheries+management&rft.au=Gaichas%2C+Sarah+K%3BAydin%2C+Kerim+Y%3BFrancis%2C+Robert+C&rft.aulast=Gaichas&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1490&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences&rft.issn=1205-7533&rft_id=info:doi/10.1139%2FF10-071 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Mortality; Fishery management; Stock assessment; Predation; Marine ecosystems; Trophic levels; Prey; Food webs; Models; prey; fishery management; fishing; Mortality patterns; stock assessment; food webs; Theragra chalcogramma; Teuthoidea; Raja rhina; Hippoglossus stenolepis; INE, USA, Alaska, Alaska Gulf DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/F10-071 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and application of an empirical multifrequency method for backscatter classification AN - 856786703; 14300886 AB - We evaluated the feasibility of identifying major acoustic scatters in North Pacific ecosystems based on empirical measurements of relative frequency response. Acoustic measurements in areas where trawl catches were dominated by single taxa indicated that it might be possible to discern among key groups of scatterers such as fish with gas-filled swimbladders, euphausiids, myctophids, and jellyfish. To establish if walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma), a key species in the ecosystem, can be separated reliably from other groups under prevailing conditions, we developed a method based on the normal deviate (or Z score) to identify backscatter consistent with the pollock relative frequency response. We evaluated the performance of the method by comparing it with the traditional method of species identification (i.e., directed trawl catches and subjective interpretation of echograms) during five large-scale acoustic surveys of the eastern Bering Sea. Pollock abundance estimates employing the multifrequency method were highly correlated with those using the traditional method, which indicates that the multifrequency method performs well in this situation. In this environment, multifrequency methods will allow more inferences to be drawn when direct sampling of organisms is limited and will also complement existing abundance surveys by improving species classification and providing information about key nontarget species.Original Abstract: Nous evaluons la faisabilite d'identifier les principales retrodiffusions acoustiques dans les ecosystemes du Pacifique Nord, d'apres des mesures empiriques des frequences relatives des reponses. Les mesures acoustiques dans les regions dans lesquelles les prises au chalut sont dominees par un seul taxon indiquent qu'il devrait etre possible de discerner les groupes principaux d'organismes responsables de la retrodiffusion, tels que les poissons avec vessie natatoire remplie de gaz, les euphausiides, les myctophides et les meduses. Afin d'etablir si la goberge de l'Alaska (Theragra chalcogramma), une espece dominante de l'ecosysteme, peut etre distinguee de facon fiable des autres groupes dans les conditions actuelles, nous avons mis au point une methode basee sur l'ecart normal (ou cote Z) pour identifier la retrodiffusion correspondant aux frequences relatives des reponses de la goberge. Nous avons evalue la performance de la methode en la comparant avec la methode traditionnelle d'identification des especes (c'est-a-dire des recoltes dirigees au chalut et une interpretation subjective des echogrammes) durant cinq inventaires acoustiques a grande echelle dans l'est de la mer de Bering. Il existe une forte correlation entre les estimations de l'abondance des goberges de l'Alaska basees sur la methode des frequences multiples et celles tirees de la methode traditionnelle, ce qui indique que la methode des frequences multiples fonctionne bien dans les circonstances. Dans cet environnement, les methodes des frequences multiples permettront de faire plus de deductions lorsque l'echantillonnage direct des organismes est restreint et elles viendront completer les inventaires actuels d'abondance en ameliorant la classification des especes et fournissant des renseignements sur les especes importantes non ciblees. JF - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences AU - Robertis, Alex De AU - McKelvey, Denise R AU - Ressler, Patrick H AD - National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Resource Assessment and Conservation Engineering Division, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115, USA., Alex.DeRobertis@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - Sep 2010 SP - 1459 EP - 1474 PB - NRC Research Press, 1200 Montreal Rd, Bldg M-55, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada, Tel.: 613-993-9084, 613-990-7873 or 1-800-668-1222 (Canada and U.S.), Fax: 613-952-7656, Ottawa ON K1A 0R6 Canada VL - 67 IS - 9 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Feasibility studies KW - Ecosystems KW - Abundance KW - taxa KW - Marine fish KW - Sound measurement KW - IN, North Pacific KW - Classification KW - Fishery surveys KW - Acoustic measurements KW - Sampling KW - Swim bladder KW - Marine KW - catches KW - Theragra chalcogramma KW - Backscatter KW - Acoustics KW - Stock assessment KW - Catch statistics KW - Frequency dependence KW - IN, Bering Sea KW - classification KW - Echo surveys KW - Fish KW - abundance KW - O 5080:Legal/Governmental KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/856786703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences&rft.atitle=Development+and+application+of+an+empirical+multifrequency+method+for+backscatter+classification&rft.au=Robertis%2C+Alex+De%3BMcKelvey%2C+Denise+R%3BRessler%2C+Patrick+H&rft.aulast=Robertis&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1459&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences&rft.issn=1205-7533&rft_id=info:doi/10.1139%2FF10-075 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Number of references - 52 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sound measurement; Marine fish; Backscatter; Classification; Fishery surveys; Stock assessment; Echo surveys; Catch statistics; Swim bladder; Acoustics; Abundance; Sampling; Frequency dependence; Feasibility studies; catches; Ecosystems; classification; Fish; taxa; Acoustic measurements; abundance; Theragra chalcogramma; IN, Bering Sea; IN, North Pacific; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/F10-075 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of an Oral Aflatoxin Dose That Acutely Impairs Hepatic Function in Domestic Pigeons (Columba livia) AN - 851472645; 14074765 AB - Aflatoxin B1 is a common hepatotoxin in birds. The goal of this study was to establish an acute model for hepatotoxicosis and decreased hepatic function in the white Carneaux pigeon (Columba livia) via oral administration of this mycotoxin. Aflatoxin B1 was orally administered at a dose of 3mg/kg dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide to 3 groups of pigeons every 24hours for 2, 4, and 6 consecutive days, respectively. Diagnostic modalities used to evaluate hepatic damage and impaired hepatic function pre- and postaflatoxin administration included liver enzyme activity, bile acid levels, scintigraphy, and histopathologic evaluation of liver biopsy specimens. Deaths occurred in all groups, increasing with the number of consecutive days the aflatoxin B1 was dosed. Significant histopathologic lesions were seen on evaluation of hepatic tissue from each group after accumulated aflatoxin exposure (P < .05); therefore, an oral aflatoxin B1 dose of 3mg/kg given for 2 consecutive days was selected for the purpose of inducing acute hepatic damage while minimizing mortality. However, although increased liver enzyme activity indicated hepatocellular damage at this dosage, bile acids testing and hepatobiliary scintigraphy did not show significantly decreased hepatic function. JF - Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery AU - Hadley, Tarah L AU - Grizzle, Judith AU - Rotstein, David S AU - Perrin, Shannon AU - Gerhardt, Lillian E AU - Beam, James D AU - Saxton, Arnold M AU - Jones, Michael P AU - Daniel, Gregory B AD - From the Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences (Hadley, Gerhardt, Beam, Jones, Daniel), Animal Science (Grizzle, Perrin, Saxton), and Pathobiology (Rotstein), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, 2407 River Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA. Present address: Atlanta Hospital for Birds and Exotics, 2274 Salem Rd, 106-149, Conyers, GA 30013, USA (Hadley); Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Duck Pond Dr, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA (Daniel); University of Tennessee Extension, 602 John Deere Dr, Maynardville, TN, 37807-3510, USA (Perrin); and US Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 1305 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA (Rotstein). Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - Sep 2010 SP - 210 EP - 221 PB - Association of Avian Veterinarians VL - 24 IS - 3 SN - 1082-6742, 1082-6742 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Aflatoxin B1 KW - Mortality KW - Aflatoxins KW - Oral administration KW - Enzymes KW - Biopsy KW - Scintigraphy KW - Mycotoxins KW - Bile acids KW - Liver KW - Dimethyl sulfoxide KW - Columba livia KW - X 24370:Natural Toxins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/851472645?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Avian+Medicine+and+Surgery&rft.atitle=Determination+of+an+Oral+Aflatoxin+Dose+That+Acutely+Impairs+Hepatic+Function+in+Domestic+Pigeons+%28Columba+livia%29&rft.au=Hadley%2C+Tarah+L%3BGrizzle%2C+Judith%3BRotstein%2C+David+S%3BPerrin%2C+Shannon%3BGerhardt%2C+Lillian+E%3BBeam%2C+James+D%3BSaxton%2C+Arnold+M%3BJones%2C+Michael+P%3BDaniel%2C+Gregory+B&rft.aulast=Hadley&rft.aufirst=Tarah&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=210&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Avian+Medicine+and+Surgery&rft.issn=10826742&rft_id=info:doi/10.1647%2F2008-021.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aflatoxin B1; Mortality; Mycotoxins; Bile acids; Dimethyl sulfoxide; Oral administration; Aflatoxins; Liver; Enzymes; Biopsy; Scintigraphy; Columba livia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1647/2008-021.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Ohio River Community HEC-RAS Model AN - 847437553; 13806423 AB - In this paper we describe the Ohio River Community HEC-RAS Model (Model) and include some preliminary results. The Model is a cooperative effort involving the U.S. National Weather Service (NWS), Ohio River Forecast Center (OHRFC) and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), Great Lakes and Ohio River Division (LRD), Water Management Division. Initial planning to develop a community unsteady flow model for the mainstem of the Ohio River using the USASE HEC-RAS model began in late 2006. The purpose of collaborating on the development of the joint model was that, when completed, both agencies could independently use the model for operational/forecast purposes, yet share in the development effort, which is substantial. While the Model is now complete, continued enhancements and extensions are anticipated, such as modeling reaches of major tributaries like the Cumberland and Kanawha Rivers. Subsequent changes by one agency will be passed back to the other agency in order to maintain consistency, so that future development can be easily shared. The scope of the modeling effort includes 20 locks and dams on the Ohio River, with storage areas and lateral structures such as levees, as well as bridges. The Model is comprised of over 2800 cross-sections, spanning approximately 1300 miles of modeled reach. The downstream boundaries are Chester, IL for the upstream portion on the Mississippi River and Caruthersville, MO for the downstream portion on the Mississippi River. The upstream boundaries include Braddock Lock and Dam, WV on the Monongahela River and Natrona, PA on the Allegheny River. The Model requires lateral and tributary inflows and is run in real-time; for the OHRFC the lateral and tributary inflows result from runoff produced by both observed and forecasted precipitation. Laterally, Model cross-sections extend to the 500-year floodplain limits, except for Mississippi River reaches that only extend to the USACE levees. Model development involved substantial geographic information system (GIS) data preparation to obtain consistent vertical and horizontal datums between the various data sets used. Digital elevation model (DEM) data sources included U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 10 meter DEM, and Lidar data provided by the USACE, and local and state agencies. Bathymetric and in-channel cross- section data were provided by the USACE. Every effort was made to include the best available data, and. it is anticipated that substantial improvements will be made in the future by the use of higher resolution data sets. AU - Adams, Thomas AU - Chen, Sherry AU - Davis, Raymond AU - Schade, Trent AU - Lee, Deborah AD - NOAA/NWS/Ohio River Forecast Center, 1901 S. State Route 134, Wilmington, OH 45177 Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - September 2010 SP - 1512 EP - 1523 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oncogenes & Growth Factors Abstracts KW - Ohio River KW - Stormwater management KW - Great Lakes KW - Cross-sections KW - USA, New York, Allegheny R. KW - Models KW - Dams KW - USA, Pennsylvania, Monongahela R. KW - Downstream KW - Tributaries KW - Geographical Information Systems KW - Rivers KW - Weather KW - Locks KW - Data processing KW - Precipitation KW - Model Studies KW - North America, Mississippi R. KW - USA, West Virginia, Kanawha R. KW - Water management KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - Boundaries KW - USA, Kentucky, Ohio R. KW - Geographic information systems KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents KW - B 26660:Miscellaneous Oncogenes & Growth Factors KW - SW 4020:Evaluation process UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/847437553?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=The+Ohio+River+Community+HEC-RAS+Model&rft.au=Adams%2C+Thomas%3BChen%2C+Sherry%3BDavis%2C+Raymond%3BSchade%2C+Trent%3BLee%2C+Deborah&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1512&rft.isbn=9780784411148&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/10.1061%2F41114%28371%29160 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2017-02-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Weather; Data processing; Dams; Water management; Boundaries; Precipitation; Geographic information systems; Models; Locks; Cross-sections; Downstream; Tributaries; Geographical Information Systems; Model Studies; North America, Mississippi R.; USA, West Virginia, Kanawha R.; USA, Pennsylvania, Monongahela R.; North America, Great Lakes; USA, New York, Allegheny R.; USA, Kentucky, Ohio R. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41114(371)160 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The utilization of a Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus nerka subsidy by three populations of charr Salvelinus spp. AN - 839689256; 13823467 AB - The LF-at-age trajectories differentiated two populations of Dolly Varden charr Salvelinus malma and a population of Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus from the eastern end of Iliamna Lake, Alaska. Salvelinus malma from the Pedro Bay ponds were the smallest for a given age, followed by Salvelinus alpinus from the lake, and S. malma from the Iliamna River were much larger. The utilization of a large sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka subsidy by the three Salvelinus spp. populations was then investigated by comparing diet data and mixing model (MixSIR) outputs based on carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes. Stomach contents indicated that both S. malma populations fed on O. nerka products, especially eggs and larval Diptera that had scavenged O. nerka carcasses, whereas S. alpinus fed on a variety of prey items such as three-spined sticklebacks Gasterosteus aculeatus and snails. Stable-isotope analysis corroborated the diet data; the two S. malma populations incorporated more O. nerka-derived nutrients into their tissues than did S. alpinus from the lake, although all populations showed substantial utilization of O. nerka-derived resources. Salvelinus alpinus also seemed to be much more omnivorous, as shown by stable-isotope mixing models, than the S. malma populations. The dramatic differences in growth rate between the two S. malma populations, despite similar trophic patterns, indicate that other important genetic or environmental factors affect their life history, including proximate temperature controls and ultimate predation pressures. JF - Journal of Fish Biology AU - Denton, K P AU - Rich, H B AU - Moore, J W AU - Quinn, T P AD - *School of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Box 355020, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, U.S.A. 1, keith.denton@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - September 2010 SP - 1006 EP - 1023 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 77 IS - 4 SN - 0022-1112, 0022-1112 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Iliamna Lake KW - length at age KW - MixSIR KW - polymorphism KW - stable isotopes KW - Food organisms KW - Isotopes KW - Age KW - Salvelinus malma KW - Anadromous species KW - Predation KW - Salvelinus alpinus KW - Nutrients KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Environmental factors KW - Eggs KW - Ponds KW - Models KW - Gasterosteus aculeatus KW - Population genetics KW - Lakes KW - Carbon KW - Carcasses KW - Oncorhynchus nerka KW - Brackishwater environment KW - Pressure KW - USA, Alaska, Iliamna L. KW - Prey KW - Rivers KW - Growth rate KW - Diets KW - Temperature effects KW - Data processing KW - INE, USA, Alaska, Pedro Bay KW - Estuaries KW - Brackish KW - INE, USA, Alaska KW - Salvelinus KW - Life history KW - Diptera KW - Stomach KW - Nitrogen KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08346:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - Z 05340:Ecology and Behavior KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839689256?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Fish+Biology&rft.atitle=The+utilization+of+a+Pacific+salmon+Oncorhynchus+nerka+subsidy+by+three+populations+of+charr+Salvelinus+spp.&rft.au=Denton%2C+K+P%3BRich%2C+H+B%3BMoore%2C+J+W%3BQuinn%2C+T+P&rft.aulast=Denton&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1006&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Fish+Biology&rft.issn=00221112&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1095-8649.2010.02746.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Food organisms; Population genetics; Carcasses; Anadromous species; Estuaries; Brackishwater environment; Freshwater fish; Ponds; Diets; Growth rate; Rivers; Age; Isotopes; Data processing; Predation; Nutrients; Environmental factors; Eggs; Models; Lakes; Life history; Carbon; Pressure; Prey; Stomach; Nitrogen; Gasterosteus aculeatus; Salvelinus malma; Oncorhynchus nerka; Salvelinus alpinus; Diptera; Salvelinus; INE, USA, Alaska, Pedro Bay; INE, USA, Alaska; USA, Alaska, Iliamna L.; Brackish; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02746.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Reconciliation of Health Care Expenditures in the National Health Expenditures Accounts and in Gross Domestic Product AN - 831088994; 2010-635490 AB - The size and scope of the recently passed Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act highlights the importance of health care spending to our economy. Understanding and accounting for health care spending in a comprehensive and consistent way continues to be of paramount importance to researchers, policymakers, and business leaders. Much of this attention results from the dramatic increase in the share of the economy devoted to health care over the past half-century, from 5.2 percent in 1960 to 16.2 percent in 2008, as well as the expectation that the share will increase to more than 19 percent by 2019. To gain insights into the consumption of medical goods and services, the financing of these purchases, and the share of our nation's economic output that is devoted to health care spending, it is important to understand and reconcile different, widely cited estimates of health care expenditures. This article presents a summarized overview of a new working paper, "Health Care Expenditures in the National Health Expenditures Accounts and in Gross Domestic Product: A Reconciliation.". Adapted from the source document. JF - Survey of Current Business AU - Hartman, Micah B AU - Kornfeld, Robert J AU - Catlin, Aaron C AD - Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Office of the Actuary Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - September 2010 SP - 42 EP - 52 PB - Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Dept of Commerce VL - 90 IS - 9 SN - 0039-6222, 0039-6222 KW - Health conditions and policy - Medicine and health care KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic theory KW - Law and ethics - Law and jurisprudence KW - Health conditions and policy - Health and health policy KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development KW - United States KW - Cost KW - Economic development KW - Medical service KW - Legislation KW - Public health KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/831088994?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Survey+of+Current+Business&rft.atitle=A+Reconciliation+of+Health+Care+Expenditures+in+the+National+Health+Expenditures+Accounts+and+in+Gross+Domestic+Product&rft.au=Hartman%2C+Micah+B%3BKornfeld%2C+Robert+J%3BCatlin%2C+Aaron+C&rft.aulast=Hartman&rft.aufirst=Micah&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=42&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Survey+of+Current+Business&rft.issn=00396222&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-11 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Medical service; Cost; Legislation; United States; Public health; Economic development ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bilingual Questionnaire Evaluation and Development through Mixed Pretesting Methods: The Case of the U.S. Census Nonresponse Followup Instrument AN - 822519146; 201068000 AB - The objective of this research was to develop & improve a Nonresponse Followup (NRFU) instrument for the U.S. Census. This research is unique because multiple pretesting methods were used in the development of an instrument in two different languages: English & Spanish. This article discusses results of three rounds of English cognitive testing, two rounds of Spanish cognitive testing, two rounds of behavior coding of the instrument in both languages, & an observational study in the field in both languages. The application of mixed pretesting methods to the development of one survey instrument is an all-too-uncommon situation. This article presents lessons learned about the types of findings made possible by the different pretesting methods, & offers the unique opportunity to examine issues of equivalency between a source & a translated version of a survey instrument through multiple measures. Adapted from the source document. JF - Journal of Official Statistics AU - Childs, Jennifer AU - Goerman, Patricia AD - U.S. Census Bureau, Center for Survey Methods Research, Statistical Research Division, Washington, DC jennifer.hunter.childs@cnesus.gov Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - September 2010 SP - 535 EP - 557 PB - Statistics Sweden, Orebro, Sweden VL - 26 IS - 3 SN - 0282-423X, 0282-423X KW - Bilingual questionnaire development, pretesting methods, cognitive interviewing, behavior coding, observational study KW - Cognitive Development KW - Cognition KW - article KW - 0104: methodology and research technology; research methods/tools UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/822519146?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Official+Statistics&rft.atitle=Bilingual+Questionnaire+Evaluation+and+Development+through+Mixed+Pretesting+Methods%3A+The+Case+of+the+U.S.+Census+Nonresponse+Followup+Instrument&rft.au=Childs%2C+Jennifer%3BGoerman%2C+Patricia&rft.aulast=Childs&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=535&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Official+Statistics&rft.issn=0282423X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-16 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cognition; Cognitive Development ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of the Great Lakes Ice-circulation Model (GLIM): Application to Lake Erie in 2003-2004 AN - 817606450; 13941312 AB - To simulate ice and water circulation in Lake Erie over a yearly cycle, a Great Lakes Ice-circulation Model (GLIM) was developed by applying a Coupled Ice-Ocean Model (CIOM) with a 2-km resolution grid. The hourly surface wind stress and thermodynamic forcings for input into the GLIM are derived from meteorological measurements interpolated onto the 2-km model grids. The seasonal cycles for ice concentration, thickness, velocity, and other variables are well reproduced in the 2003/04 ice season. Satellite measurements of ice cover were used to validate GLIM with a mean bias deviation (MBD) of 7.4%. The seasonal cycle for lake surface temperature is well reproduced in comparison to the satellite measurements with a MBD of 1.5%. Additional sensitivity experiments further confirm the important impacts of ice cover on lake water temperature and water level variations. Furthermore, a period including an extreme cooling (due to a cold air outbreak) and an extreme warming event in February 2004 was examined to test GLIM's response to rapidly-changing synoptic forcing. JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Wang, Jia AU - Hu, Haoguo AU - Schwab, David AU - Leshkevich, George AU - Beletsky, Dmitry AU - Hawley, Nathan AU - Clites, Anne AD - NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL), 4840 S. State Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA, jia.wang@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - Sep 2010 SP - 425 EP - 436 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research, 2205 Commonwealth Boulevard Ann Arbor MI 48105 USA VL - 36 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Surface winds KW - Wind stress KW - Surface temperatures KW - Water Temperature KW - Remote sensing KW - Freshwater KW - Atmospheric circulation-oceanic circulation coupled models KW - North America, Erie L. KW - Water temperatures KW - Water levels KW - Lakes KW - water circulation KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Seasonal variability KW - Seasonal variations KW - Wind KW - Great Lakes research KW - Ice Thickness KW - Modelling KW - Temperature effects KW - Ice KW - Ice Cover KW - Thermodynamics KW - Stress KW - Velocity KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Cold air outbreaks KW - Water Level KW - Satellites KW - Model Studies KW - Meteorological measurements KW - Lake ice KW - water levels KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - Ice cover KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - Q2 09163:Air-water boundary layer KW - M2 551.501:Methods of Observation/Computations (551.501) KW - Q1 08567:Fishery oceanography and limnology KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/817606450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Development+of+the+Great+Lakes+Ice-circulation+Model+%28GLIM%29%3A+Application+to+Lake+Erie+in+2003-2004&rft.au=Wang%2C+Jia%3BHu%2C+Haoguo%3BSchwab%2C+David%3BLeshkevich%2C+George%3BBeletsky%2C+Dmitry%3BHawley%2C+Nathan%3BClites%2C+Anne&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Jia&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jglr.2010.04.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wind stress; Water levels; Temperature effects; Lake ice; Thermodynamics; Seasonal variations; Ice cover; Modelling; Surface winds; Meteorological measurements; Surface temperatures; Cold air outbreaks; Atmospheric circulation; Seasonal variability; Atmospheric circulation-oceanic circulation coupled models; Great Lakes research; Water temperatures; Ice; water circulation; Lakes; water levels; Sulfur dioxide; Remote sensing; Velocity; Satellites; Water Temperature; Ice Cover; Stress; Water Level; Wind; Ice Thickness; Model Studies; North America, Great Lakes; North America, Erie L.; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2010.04.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Smolt Transformation in Two California Steelhead Populations: Effects of Temporal Variability in Growth AN - 815538241; 13848052 AB - We tested the effect of temporal patterns in food supply on life history decisions in coastal steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus from a Central California coastal (CCC) population (Scott Creek) and a Northern California Central Valley (NCCV) population (upper Sacramento River basin). We manipulated growth through feeding experiments conducted from May to the following March using warm (2006 cohort) and cool (2007 cohort) temperature regimes. Survival in seawater challenges just before the time of typical juvenile emigration provided an index of steelhead smolt versus nonsmolt life history pathways. Survival varied significantly with fish size (with larger fish being more likely to survive than smaller fish) and by source population (with CCC steelhead being more likely to survive than NCCV steelhead of the same size). The timing of increased food supply (treatment group) did not significantly affect seawater survival rates in either NCCV or CCC steelhead. For both strains, the eventual survivors of seawater challenges (putative smolts) diverged from the eventual mortalities (putative nonsmolts) in both size and growth rate by June in both years, suggesting that the initial growth advantages were maintained throughout the experiments. A significant divergence in condition factor between smolts and nonsmolts by December matched the expected morphological transition of smolts, which showed faster growth in length than weight compared with nonsmolts. The apparent timing of the decision window, several months before the typical period of smolt emigration, matches the patterns observed for other salmonids. In coastal California, this decision must occur before fish have had the opportunity to take advantage of improved winter-early spring feeding conditions. These results support the role of early growth opportunity in life history decisions and provide insight into the applicability of life history models for managing California steelhead. JF - Transactions of the American Fisheries Society AU - Beakes, Michael P AU - Satterthwaite, William H AU - Collins, Erin M AU - Swank, David R AU - Merz, Joseph E AU - Titus, Robert G AU - Sogard, Susan M AU - Mangel, Marc AD - Center for Stock Assessment Research, Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA; and National Marine Fisheries Service, 110 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, California 95060, USA, michael.beakes@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - September 2010 SP - 1263 EP - 1275 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA VL - 139 IS - 5 SN - 0002-8487, 0002-8487 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Transformation KW - Emigration KW - Food KW - Survival KW - Freshwater KW - Models KW - Marine environment KW - Body size KW - Temperature effects KW - Growth rate KW - Mortality KW - Feeding KW - Temporal variations KW - USA, California, Sacramento R. basin KW - Smolts KW - River basins KW - Strains KW - Condition factor KW - Life history KW - Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus KW - Feeding experiments KW - USA, California, Central Valley KW - Mortality causes KW - Q1 08424:Age and growth KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/815538241?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.atitle=Smolt+Transformation+in+Two+California+Steelhead+Populations%3A+Effects+of+Temporal+Variability+in+Growth&rft.au=Beakes%2C+Michael+P%3BSatterthwaite%2C+William+H%3BCollins%2C+Erin+M%3BSwank%2C+David+R%3BMerz%2C+Joseph+E%3BTitus%2C+Robert+G%3BSogard%2C+Susan+M%3BMangel%2C+Marc&rft.aulast=Beakes&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=139&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1263&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.issn=00028487&rft_id=info:doi/10.1577%2FT09-146.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Condition factor; Temporal variations; Smolts; Body size; Feeding experiments; River basins; Strains; Mortality causes; Temperature effects; Transformation; Feeding; Mortality; Emigration; Food; Survival; Models; Life history; Marine environment; Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus; USA, California, Sacramento R. basin; USA, California, Central Valley; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T09-146.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The NCEP GODAS Ocean Analysis of the Tropical Pacific Mixed Layer Heat Budget on Seasonal to Interannual Time Scales AN - 807283685; 13839223 AB - The mixed layer heat budget in the tropical Pacific is diagnosed using pentad (5 day) averaged outputs from the Global Ocean Data Assimilation System (GODAS), which is operational at the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). The GODAS is currently used by the NCEP Climate Prediction Center (CPC) to monitor and to understand El Nino and La Nina in near real time. The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility of using an operational ocean data assimilation system to understand SST variability. The climatological mean and seasonal cycle of mixed layer heat budgets derived from GODAS agree reasonably well with previous observational and model-based estimates. However, significant differences and biases were noticed. Large biases were found in GODAS zonal and meridional currents, which contributed to biases in the annual cycle of zonal and meridional advective heat fluxes. The warming due to tropical instability waves in boreal fall is severely underestimated owing to use of a 4-week data assimilation window. On interannual time scales, the GODAS heat budget closure is good for weak-to-moderate El Ninos. A composite for weak-to-moderate El Ninos suggests that zonal and meridional temperature advection and vertical entrainment/diffusion all contributed to the onset of the event and that zonal advection played the dominant role during decay of the event and the transition to La Nina. The net surface heat flux acts as a damping during the development stage, but plays a critical role in the decay of El Nino and the transition to the following La Nina. The GODAS heat budget closure is generally poor for strong La Ninas. Despite the biases, the GODAS heat budget analysis tool is useful in monitoring and understanding the physical processes controlling SST variability associated with ENSO. Therefore, it has been implemented operationally at CPC in support of NOAA's ENSO forecasting. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Huang, Boyin AU - Xue, Yan AU - Zhang, Dongxiao AU - Kumar, Arun AU - McPhaden, Michael J AD - NOAA/Climate Prediction Center, Camp Springs, Maryland, boyin.huang@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - September 2010 SP - 4901 EP - 4925 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 23 IS - 18 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Tropics KW - Heat budgets KW - Mixed layer KW - Data assimilation KW - Sea surface temperature KW - Prediction KW - Variability KW - Entrainment KW - La Nina KW - IS, Tropical Pacific KW - Advection KW - Heat budget KW - El Nino KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Sea surface temperature forecasting KW - El Nino phenomena KW - Marine KW - Heat flux KW - Climates KW - Ocean circulation KW - Southern Oscillation KW - Heat KW - Oceans KW - El Nino-Southern Oscillation event KW - Heat Budget KW - Monitoring KW - Damping KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - O 2010:Physical Oceanography KW - M2 551.588:Environmental Influences (551.588) KW - Q1 08566:Fishery charts, grounds and water areas KW - SW 0540:Properties of water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/807283685?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=The+NCEP+GODAS+Ocean+Analysis+of+the+Tropical+Pacific+Mixed+Layer+Heat+Budget+on+Seasonal+to+Interannual+Time+Scales&rft.au=Huang%2C+Boyin%3BXue%2C+Yan%3BZhang%2C+Dongxiao%3BKumar%2C+Arun%3BMcPhaden%2C+Michael+J&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=Boyin&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=4901&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JCLI3373.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 63 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Heat budget; Mixed layer; El Nino; Ocean-atmosphere system; Ocean circulation; Damping; El Nino phenomena; Southern Oscillation; Entrainment; Heat flux; El Nino-Southern Oscillation event; La Nina; Sea surface temperature forecasting; Data assimilation; Advection; Prediction; Variability; Heat; Oceans; Climates; Heat Budget; Monitoring; IS, Tropical Pacific; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JCLI3373.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Streamflow Reductions and Habitat Drying Affect Growth, Survival, and Recruitment of Brassy Minnow across a Great Plains Riverscape AN - 807283124; 13848053 AB - Flow alterations caused by reservoir storage, groundwater pumping, diversions, and drought are widespread in North American Great Plains streams and have altered and fragmented habitats and reduced native fish biodiversity. Early life stages of fish are particularly sensitive to altered flow regimes, and reduced growth and survival may negatively affect the persistence of native species and assemblages. We investigated how growth and survival of brassy minnow Hybognathus hankinsoni larvae in the Arikaree River, Colorado, varied among three 6.4-km river segments that differed in hydrology and how climate influenced drying rates of spawning and rearing habitats in these segments over 3 years. We found that brassy minnow spawned in backwater habitats within a discrete period from mid-April to late May, based on otolith increment analysis. The timing of spawning and growth of larvae were influenced by climate and the hydrologic context of the river segment. Brassy minnow spawned 2 weeks earlier under warm, dry conditions in 1 year, and both growth rates and survival were significantly lower than during two wetter years (growth: 0.25 mm/d versus 0.30 and 0.41 mm/d; survival: 0.8391/d versus 0.894 and 0.897/d). For cohorts of larvae in individual backwaters, survival was higher in spawning habitats that were larger and that dried more slowly, and among cohorts that hatched in the middle of the spawning period under a moderate thermal regime. Overall, we found that brassy minnow spawning and recruitment were strongly influenced by habitat drying driven by interactions among stream geomorphology, groundwater pumping, and climate across multiple spatial scales. We suggest that conservation efforts explicitly consider the adaptations of this fish to harsh environments and focus on providing flows to maintain the spawning, rearing, and refuge habitats that are critical to brassy minnow population persistence. JF - Transactions of the American Fisheries Society AU - Falke, Jeffrey A AU - Bestgen, Kevin R AU - Fausch, Kurt D AD - Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1474, USA, jeffrey.falke@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - Sep 2010 SP - 1566 EP - 1583 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA VL - 139 IS - 5 SN - 0002-8487, 0002-8487 KW - ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Backwaters KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - backwaters KW - Geomorphology KW - Hydrology KW - Droughts KW - Fish culture KW - Rivers KW - Recruitment KW - Larvae KW - Developmental stages KW - Growth Rates KW - Habitat KW - USA, Colorado KW - Aquatic Habitats KW - Conservation KW - Fish KW - survival KW - Groundwater KW - Groundwater Mining KW - Survival KW - Biodiversity KW - spawning KW - Streams KW - Habitats KW - Hybognathus hankinsoni KW - Ground water KW - recruitment KW - Pumping KW - Growth rate KW - Adaptations KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Drying KW - Spawning KW - Indigenous species KW - Otoliths KW - USA, Great Plains KW - Scales KW - Harsh environments KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08442:Population dynamics KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture KW - SW 6030:Hydraulic machinery KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/807283124?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.atitle=Streamflow+Reductions+and+Habitat+Drying+Affect+Growth%2C+Survival%2C+and+Recruitment+of+Brassy+Minnow+across+a+Great+Plains+Riverscape&rft.au=Falke%2C+Jeffrey+A%3BBestgen%2C+Kevin+R%3BFausch%2C+Kurt+D&rft.aulast=Falke&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=139&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1566&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.issn=00028487&rft_id=info:doi/10.1577%2FT09-143.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Recruitment; Climate; Hydrology; Drying; Backwaters; Pumping; Freshwater fish; Fish culture; Rivers; Adaptations; Biodiversity; Survival; Developmental stages; Spawning; Habitat; Streams; Indigenous species; Otoliths; Geomorphology; Scales; Ground water; Conservation; Harsh environments; Droughts; backwaters; Larvae; recruitment; Fish; Groundwater; survival; spawning; Habitats; Aquatic Habitats; Climates; Groundwater Mining; Growth Rates; Hybognathus hankinsoni; USA, Colorado; USA, Great Plains; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T09-143.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Time-Frequency Characteristics of Regional Climate over Northeast China and Their Relationships with Atmospheric Circulation Patterns AN - 807279013; 13839229 AB - The time-frequency characteristics of the variations of temperature and precipitation over the city of Changchun in northeast China and their associations with large-scale atmospheric and oceanic conditions are analyzed. It is found that the variations of the regional climate are characterized by strong semiannual signals. For precipitation, the amplitude of semiannual signal is about half of that of the annual cycle. The relationships of the Changchun temperature and precipitation with local winds and large-scale patterns of atmospheric circulation and sea surface temperature are also strongest on annual and semiannual time scales. These strong semiannual signals are potentially helpful for improving the prediction of the regional climate. On the annual time scale, the northeast China climate is affected by both the thermal contrast between the Asian continent and the tropical Indo-Pacific Oceans and that between the continent and the extratropical North Pacific. These effects are manifested by the cyclonic (anticyclonic) pattern over the Asian continent (North Pacific) and the strong southerly flow over East Asia and northwestern Pacific associated with increases in temperature and precipitation. On the semiannual time scale, the northeast China climate is mainly related to the large-scale circulation pattern centered over the North Pacific, with its western portion over northeast China, North and South Korea, and Japan. While temperature signals are related to extratropical atmospheric process more apparently, both extratropical and tropical influences are seen in the semiannual variation of precipitation. There exist strong relationships between Changchun temperature and precipitation and the North Pacific Oscillation (NPO) in the frequency band up to 7 months. Temperature increases and precipitation decreases when NPO is positive. The relationships were weak before 1980 but became stronger afterward, associated with the strengthening of the East Asian trough. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Liu, Shi AU - Yang, Song AU - Lian, Yi AU - Zheng, Dawei AU - Wen, Min AU - Tu, Gang AU - Shen, Baizhu AU - Gao, Zongting AU - Wang, Donghai AD - * Institute of Meteorological Sciences of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin, China, song.yang@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - September 2010 SP - 4956 EP - 4972 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 23 IS - 18 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Extratropics KW - Tropics KW - Regional effects KW - Temperature KW - Precipitation KW - Pattern detection KW - Prediction KW - INW, Japan KW - North Pacific Oscillation KW - Climate change KW - Atmospheric processes KW - Regional climates KW - IN, North Pacific KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - I, Indo-Pacific KW - Korea, Rep. KW - Wind KW - Circulation patterns KW - Abiotic factors KW - Temperature effects KW - Marine KW - Annual variations KW - China, People's Rep., Jilin Prov., Changchun KW - Climates KW - Local winds KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Oceans KW - China, People's Rep. KW - Troughs KW - Atmospheric circulation patterns KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - O 2010:Physical Oceanography KW - M2 551.58:Climatology (551.58) KW - SW 0815:Precipitation KW - Q1 08567:Fishery oceanography and limnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/807279013?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Time-Frequency+Characteristics+of+Regional+Climate+over+Northeast+China+and+Their+Relationships+with+Atmospheric+Circulation+Patterns&rft.au=Liu%2C+Shi%3BYang%2C+Song%3BLian%2C+Yi%3BZheng%2C+Dawei%3BWen%2C+Min%3BTu%2C+Gang%3BShen%2C+Baizhu%3BGao%2C+Zongting%3BWang%2C+Donghai&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Shi&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=18&rft.spage=4956&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JCLI3554.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Annual variations; Climate change; Ocean-atmosphere system; Local winds; Abiotic factors; North Pacific Oscillation; Atmospheric processes; Atmospheric circulation; Regional climates; Precipitation; Troughs; Circulation patterns; Atmospheric circulation patterns; Prediction; Oceans; Climates; Temperature; Wind; INW, Japan; IN, North Pacific; China, People's Rep., Jilin Prov., Changchun; I, Indo-Pacific; Korea, Rep.; China, People's Rep.; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JCLI3554.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of Urban Atmosphere Plume Concentration Fluctuations AN - 807271554; 13751556 AB - Concentration variability in the fast-response tracer dataset for continuous, near-surface, point source releases in the urban core from the Joint Urban 2003 field study is analyzed. Concentration variability for conditionally and unconditionally sampled time series is characterized by probability densities, concentration fluctuation intensity, skewness, and kurtosis. Significant day-night differences in plume dispersion are observed. Relative to daytime, nighttime plumes were more likely to have reduced concentration fluctuation intensities, higher normalized surface concentrations, suppressed vertical mixing, and a greater prevalence of Gaussian-like distributions rather than log-normal or mixed mode distributions. This was in spite of the similar stability and turbulence conditions in the urban core for day and night. The potential roles of flow meander and thermal stability in explaining these differences are examined. Probability densities of concentration are found to be a strong function of fluctuation intensity. There are few differences in probability densities between day and night when classified by fluctuation intensity. There are no appreciable differences between conditional and unconditional probability densities and only small differences between conditional and unconditional sampling statistics relative to the larger differences usually observed in more homogeneous settings. Fluctuation intensity, skewness, and kurtosis are higher for the daytime experiments, and closer to the source, but show little difference between conditional and unconditional results over most of their range of values. The log-normal distribution provides a better overall fit to a broader range of the dataset than the exponential or clipped-normal distributions. JF - Boundary-Layer Meteorology AU - Finn, Dennis AU - Clawson, Kirk L AU - Carter, Roger G AU - Rich, Jason D AU - Biltoft, Chris AU - Leach, Martin AD - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Air Resources Laboratory, Field Research Division, 1750 Foote Drive, Idaho Falls, ID, 83402, USA, dennis.finn@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - September 2010 SP - 431 EP - 456 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 136 IS - 3 SN - 0006-8314, 0006-8314 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Variability KW - Statistics KW - Density KW - Vertical Distribution KW - Statistical analysis KW - turbulence KW - Time series analysis KW - Cores KW - Sampling KW - Thermal stability KW - Fluctuations KW - Plumes KW - Plume dispersion KW - SW 2060:Effects on water of human nonwater activities KW - M2 551.511:Mechanics and Thermodynamics of the Atmosphere (551.511) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/807271554?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Boundary-Layer+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+Urban+Atmosphere+Plume+Concentration+Fluctuations&rft.au=Finn%2C+Dennis%3BClawson%2C+Kirk+L%3BCarter%2C+Roger+G%3BRich%2C+Jason+D%3BBiltoft%2C+Chris%3BLeach%2C+Martin&rft.aulast=Finn&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=136&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=431&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Boundary-Layer+Meteorology&rft.issn=00068314&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10546-010-9510-3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Statistical analysis; Thermal stability; Time series analysis; Plume dispersion; Variability; Statistics; Cores; Density; Vertical Distribution; Sampling; turbulence; Plumes; Fluctuations DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10546-010-9510-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Satellite observations of the seasonal sediment plume in central East China Sea AN - 762266115; 13366422 AB - Ocean color and sea surface temperature (SST) data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer on Aqua from 2002 to 2008, wind speed data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction, satellite-measured sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) data, and World Ocean Atlas 1998 data are analyzed to study and understand the variability of a sediment plume in the central East China Sea, as well as its mechanism for producing this plume. The plume peaks in the winter, with an areal coverage of 44x10 super(4) km super(2) and the diffuse attenuation coefficient at the wavelength of 490nm (K d (490)) reaching over 1.5m super(-1), and almost disappears in the summer. The increase (decrease) of SST is coincident with the K d (490) decrease (increase) during the late spring (fall) and early summer (winter). In the winter, the entire water column becomes uniform with SST 12 degree C in the East China Sea, while in the summer the water column is strongly stratified with SST over 27 degree C. This seasonal sediment plume is attributed to sediment resuspension due to the strong vertical mixing and convection driven by the cooling of the upper ocean and enhanced surface winds during the winter season. In addition, satellite SSHA observations also confirm that the cross-shelf circulation resulting in this plume proposed by Yuan et al. (2008) does not exist. JF - Journal of Marine Systems AU - Shi, Wei AU - Wang, Menghua AD - NOAA National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service, Center for Satellite Applications and Research, E/RA3, Room 102, 5200 Auth Road, Camp Springs, MD 20746, USA Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - Sep 2010 SP - 280 EP - 285 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 82 IS - 4 SN - 0924-7963, 0924-7963 KW - Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Sediment plume KW - Ocean turbidity KW - Remote sensing KW - Ocean color KW - East China Sea KW - Surface winds KW - Convection KW - Convection development KW - Resuspended sediments KW - Wind speed KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Extinction coefficient KW - Wave attenuation KW - Seasonal variability KW - Sea surface temperatures KW - Plumes KW - Seasonal variations KW - Wind variability KW - Sea surface temperature forecasting KW - Upper ocean KW - Marine KW - Ocean temperature variability KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Satellites KW - Imaging techniques KW - Satellite sensing KW - Satellite data KW - winter KW - Oceans KW - INW, Donghai Sea KW - summer KW - water column KW - Q1 08382:Ecological techniques and apparatus KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - O 2090:Instruments/Methods KW - M2 551.465:Structure/Dynamics/Circulation (551.465) KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/762266115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Marine+Systems&rft.atitle=Satellite+observations+of+the+seasonal+sediment+plume+in+central+East+China+Sea&rft.au=Shi%2C+Wei%3BWang%2C+Menghua&rft.aulast=Shi&rft.aufirst=Wei&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=280&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Marine+Systems&rft.issn=09247963&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jmarsys.2010.06.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wind speed; Convection; Resuspended sediments; Satellite sensing; Extinction coefficient; Wave attenuation; Remote sensing; Imaging techniques; Upper ocean; Surface winds; Satellite data; Ocean temperature variability; Atmospheric circulation; Convection development; Seasonal variability; Sea surface temperatures; Sea surface temperature forecasting; Wind variability; Sulfur dioxide; winter; Oceans; water column; summer; Satellites; Seasonal variations; Plumes; INW, Donghai Sea; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2010.06.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intercomparison of Daily Precipitation Statistics over the United States in Observations and in NCEP Reanalysis Products AN - 759317155; 13712123 AB - A comparison of the statistics of daily precipitation over the conterminous United States is carried out using gridded station data and three generations of reanalysis products in use at the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). The reanalysis products are the NCEP-NCAR reanalysis (Kalnay et al.), the NCEP-Department of Energy (DOE) reanalysis (Kanamitsu et al.), and the NCEP Climate Forecast System (CFS) reanalysis (Saha et al.). Several simple measures are used to characterize relationships between the observations and the reanalysis products, including bias, precipitation probability, variance, and correlation. Seasonality is accounted for by examining these measures for four nonoverlapping seasons, using daily data in each case. Relationships between daily precipitation and El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phase are also considered. It is shown that the CFS reanalysis represents a clear improvement over the earlier reanalysis products, though significant biases remain. Comparisons of the error patterns in the reanalysis products provide a suitable basis for confident conversion of the Climate Prediction Center (CPC) operational monitoring and prediction products to the new generation of analyses based on CFS. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Higgins, R W AU - Kousky, V E AU - Silva, V B AU - Becker, E AU - Xie, P AD - Climate Prediction Center, NOAA/NWS/NCEP, Camp Springs, Maryland, wayne.higgins@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - September 2010 SP - 4637 EP - 4650 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 23 IS - 17 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Climate prediction KW - Climate records KW - ENSO KW - Precipitation KW - Statistics KW - Prediction KW - Seasonality KW - Climate models KW - Climates KW - Statistical analysis KW - Errors KW - Data reanalysis KW - Southern Oscillation KW - USA KW - Precipitation probability KW - El Nino-Southern Oscillation event KW - Climatology KW - Seasonal variability KW - Monitoring KW - Daily precipitation KW - Hydrologic Data KW - Future climates KW - El Nino phenomena KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - M2 551.588:Environmental Influences (551.588) KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - SW 0815:Precipitation KW - O 2070:Meteorology KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/759317155?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Intercomparison+of+Daily+Precipitation+Statistics+over+the+United+States+in+Observations+and+in+NCEP+Reanalysis+Products&rft.au=Higgins%2C+R+W%3BKousky%2C+V+E%3BSilva%2C+V+B%3BBecker%2C+E%3BXie%2C+P&rft.aulast=Higgins&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=4637&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JCLI3638.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Seasonality; Climate prediction; El Nino phenomena; Southern Oscillation; Precipitation probability; Climate models; El Nino-Southern Oscillation event; Statistical analysis; Seasonal variability; Climatology; Daily precipitation; Data reanalysis; Future climates; Prediction; Statistics; Climates; Precipitation; Errors; Monitoring; Hydrologic Data; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JCLI3638.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The structure and activities of the US federal statistical system: history and recurrent challenges AN - 755929586; 4100732 AB - This article examines the statistical system of the United States - featuring fourteen principal statistical agencies and sixty to seventy units in other federal agencies - focusing on the system's highly decentralized nature and the ways in which the agencies attempt to evaluate the status of issues relevant to the mission of their departments and to provide information helpful in the creation of new policy. The history and challenges of the various agencies are examined, with the article showing that these challenges are inevitably tied to the cabinet departments to which they are attached. The article also examines recurrent issues facing the US federal statistical system, including functional separation of statistical activities from regulatory activities, centralization versus decentralization, hiring structure of directors, data confidentiality versus access, policy relevance versus policy-making involvement, and contracting out statistical activities versus agency-conducted statistical activities. Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications, Inc. JF - Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science AU - Groves, Robert AD - US Census Bureau Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - Sep 2010 SP - 163 EP - 178 VL - 631 IS - 1 SN - 0002-7162, 0002-7162 KW - Sociology KW - Political Science KW - Demographic research KW - Information services KW - Historical analysis KW - Administrative organization KW - Decentralization KW - Statistical data KW - Regulation KW - U.S.A. KW - Agency UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/755929586?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+American+Academy+of+Political+and+Social+Science&rft.atitle=The+structure+and+activities+of+the+US+federal+statistical+system%3A+history+and+recurrent+challenges&rft.au=Groves%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Groves&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=631&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+American+Academy+of+Political+and+Social+Science&rft.issn=00027162&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F0002716210374024 LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 12225 12233; 583 9003; 3316 9653; 3410 10902; 656; 6532 6515; 10742; 5873 971; 433 293 14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716210374024 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanisms and measurements of nanomaterial-induced oxidative damage to DNA. AN - 755183902; 20563891 AB - Many of the current investigations on the environmental and human health risks of engineered nanomaterials focus on their short-term acute toxicity. However, the long-term chronic effects of nanomaterials on living systems, and in particular, on the genetic components of living systems, also warrant attention. An increasing number of nanomaterial safety studies include an assessment of genotoxicity as part of the overall risk evaluation. The potential of nanomaterials to directly or indirectly promote the formation of reactive oxygen species is one of the primary steps in their genotoxic repertoire. The subsequent modification of genomic DNA by reactive oxygen species could lead to the development of mutagenesis, carcinogenesis, or other age-related diseases if the DNA damage is not repaired. This review focuses on the interactions of nanomaterials with DNA and specifically on the capacity of some nanomaterials to induce oxidative damage to DNA. A critical assessment of the analytical methodology and the potential biochemical mechanisms involved in nanomaterial induction of oxidative damage to DNA is presented, results obtained for the various studies with each nanomaterial are compared, and recommendations for future research are discussed. Researchers should consider, among other experimental recommendations, (1) the application of more chromatography-based and mass-spectrometry-based analytical techniques to the assessment of oxidative damage to DNA to facilitate an enhanced understanding of DNA damage mechanisms and (2) the verification of cellular viability before conducting genotoxicity assays to reduce the impact of fragmented DNA, formed as a consequence of cell death, on DNA damage measurements. JF - Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry AU - Petersen, Elijah J AU - Nelson, Bryant C AD - Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory, Biochemical Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8311, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-0001, USA. Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - September 2010 SP - 613 EP - 650 VL - 398 IS - 2 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Animals KW - Chemistry Techniques, Analytical -- methods KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods KW - Humans KW - DNA Damage KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Nanostructures -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/755183902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+and+bioanalytical+chemistry&rft.atitle=Mechanisms+and+measurements+of+nanomaterial-induced+oxidative+damage+to+DNA.&rft.au=Petersen%2C+Elijah+J%3BNelson%2C+Bryant+C&rft.aulast=Petersen&rft.aufirst=Elijah&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=398&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=613&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+and+bioanalytical+chemistry&rft.issn=1618-2650&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00216-010-3881-7 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2011-01-18 N1 - Date created - 2010-09-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-010-3881-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Southern Resident Killer Whale Recovery AN - 754903021; 13554653 AB - The federally endangered southern resident killer whale (Orcinus orca), a distinct population, spends summers mostly in inland waters of the Pacific Northwest and winters in coastal waters. Between 1996 and 2001, its population fell by nearly 20% to only 79 animals. The National Marine Fisheries Service released its recovery plan for these whales in 2008, when 85 whales were counted. The plan includes strategies addressing prey availability, pollution, vessel effects, oil spills, transboundary and interagency coordination, and education and outreach. The agency is working with museums, aquaria, nonprofit groups, researchers, and schools to inform the public about the whales and how to help in their recovery. JF - Ecological Restoration (North America) AU - Barre, L AD - NMFS Northwest Regional Office, 206/526-4745, USA, lynne.barre@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - September 2010 SP - 393 VL - 28 IS - 3 SN - 1522-4740, 1522-4740 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Marine fisheries KW - Food organisms KW - Inland waters KW - Fishing vessels KW - Coastal Waters KW - Pollution effects KW - Food availability KW - INE, USA, Pacific Northwest KW - whales KW - Animal Populations KW - schools KW - Trans-boundary pollution KW - Oil Spills KW - Oil pollution KW - Oil Pollution KW - Oil spills KW - Marine KW - prey KW - Orcinus orca KW - Marine Fisheries KW - nonprofit organizations KW - Education KW - marine fisheries KW - Marine mammals KW - summer KW - Cetacea KW - Whales KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754903021?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Restoration+%28North+America%29&rft.atitle=Southern+Resident+Killer+Whale+Recovery&rft.au=Barre%2C+L&rft.aulast=Barre&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=393&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Restoration+%28North+America%29&rft.issn=15224740&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fisheries; Inland waters; Food organisms; Fishing vessels; Marine mammals; Pollution effects; Food availability; Oil pollution; Oil spills; nonprofit organizations; marine fisheries; Education; schools; Trans-boundary pollution; summer; prey; whales; Marine Fisheries; Animal Populations; Coastal Waters; Oil Spills; Oil Pollution; Whales; Orcinus orca; Cetacea; INE, USA, Pacific Northwest; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial-temporal stratifications in natural populations and how they affect understanding and estimation of effective population size AN - 754898804; 13529355 AB - The concept of effective population size (Ne) is based on an elegantly simple idea which, however, rapidly becomes very complex when applied to most real-world situations. In natural populations, spatial and temporal stratifications create different classes of individuals with different vital rates, and this in turn affects (generally reduces) Ne in complex ways. I consider how these natural stratifications influence our understanding of effective size and how to estimate it, and what the consequences are for conservation and management of natural populations. Important points that emerge include the following:1. The relative influences of local vs metapopulation Ne depend on a variety of factors, including the time frame of interest.2. Levels of diversity in local populations are strongly influenced by even low levels of migration, so these measures are not reliable indicators of local Ne.3. For long-term effective size, obtaining a reliable estimate of mutation rate is the most important consideration; unless this is accomplished, estimates can be biased by orders of magnitude.4. At least some estimators of contemporary Ne appear to be robust to relatively high (approximately 10%) equilibrium levels of migration, so under many realistic scenarios they might yield reliable estimates of local Ne.5. Age structure probably has little effect on long-term estimators of Ne but can strongly influence contemporary estimates.6. More research is needed in several key areas: (i) to disentangle effects of selection and drift in metapopulations connected by intermediate levels of migration; (ii) to elucidate the relationship between Nb (effective number of breeders per year) and Ne per generation in age-structured populations; (iii) to perform rigorous sensitivity analyses of new likelihood and coalescent-based methods for estimating demographic and evolutionary histories. JF - Molecular Ecology Resources AU - Waples, Robin S AD - NOAA Fisheries, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, 2725 Montlake Blvd. East, Seattle, WA 98112, USA, robin.waples@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - Sep 2010 SP - 785 EP - 796 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 10 IS - 5 SN - 1755-098X, 1755-098X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - demography KW - migration KW - population number KW - Historical account KW - Age composition KW - metapopulations KW - Stratification KW - Mutation rates KW - Migration KW - natural populations KW - Demography KW - Drift KW - sensitivity analysis KW - Conservation KW - Evolution KW - Metapopulations KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - G 07750:Ecological & Population Genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754898804?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Ecology+Resources&rft.atitle=Spatial-temporal+stratifications+in+natural+populations+and+how+they+affect+understanding+and+estimation+of+effective+population+size&rft.au=Waples%2C+Robin+S&rft.aulast=Waples&rft.aufirst=Robin&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=785&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Ecology+Resources&rft.issn=1755098X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1755-0998.2010.02876.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-26 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Demography; Age composition; Drift; Conservation; Stratification; Mutation rates; Migration; Evolution; Metapopulations; demography; Historical account; population number; migration; metapopulations; sensitivity analysis; natural populations DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02876.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Eating up the food web AN - 754897124; 13528362 AB - AbstractCrafting effective responses to problems faced by the world's oceans requires that we grasp the social drivers compelling harmful patterns of ocean use. One of the disquieting consequences of fishing is reduction in the mean trophic level of commercially captured species (fishing down the food web). While the trophic level of fisheries catch has declined in nearly two-thirds of the world's ecosystems, the social drivers underpinning this have been assumed or asserted, not quantified. Here, we examine patterns in seafood cookbooks as a means to gain insight into the social drivers underlying the changes observed in the trophic level of capture fisheries. We searched libraries in Washington and Oregon, U.S. for seafood cookbooks published within the U.S. Pacific Northwest. We uncovered 3092 recipes published between 1885 and 2007 that met our criteria. We found large increases in average trophic level of recipes over time ('eating up the food web'). This occurred largely because low trophic level invertebrates decreased in their frequency, while the representation of high-trophic level rockfish (Sebastes spp.), increased. We contend that cookbooks reveal much about the societal value of high trophic level species. Ultimately, sustainability of fisheries and marine ecosystems is not solely a biophysical problem - sustainability must also include the viability of socially shaped relationships between people and the sea. Knowledge of the drivers underlying the pattern of 'eating up the food web' should aide in developing policies that move beyond managing pressures (fishing), but also deal with the social drivers that generate those pressures. JF - Fish and Fisheries AU - Levin, Phillip S AU - Dufault, Aaron AD - NOAA Fisheries, Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112, USA, phil.levin@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - Sep 2010 SP - 307 EP - 312 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 11 IS - 3 SN - 1467-2960, 1467-2960 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Resource management KW - Sustainable development KW - INE, USA, Washington KW - INE, USA, Pacific Northwest KW - Marine fish KW - Fishing KW - Commercial fishing KW - Fishery management KW - Fisheries KW - sustainability KW - Marine ecosystems KW - Seafood KW - Pressure KW - food webs KW - Food webs KW - Marine KW - catches KW - Environmental impact KW - Trophic levels KW - INE, USA, Oregon KW - Oceans KW - Depleted stocks KW - Fish KW - fishing KW - Sebastes KW - O 5040:Processing, Products and Marketing KW - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754897124?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fish+and+Fisheries&rft.atitle=Eating+up+the+food+web&rft.au=Levin%2C+Phillip+S%3BDufault%2C+Aaron&rft.aulast=Levin&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=307&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fish+and+Fisheries&rft.issn=14672960&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1467-2979.2010.00355.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Commercial fishing; Resource management; Fishery management; Depleted stocks; Environmental impact; Sustainable development; Seafood; Food webs; Trophic levels; Fishing; Oceans; Fisheries; Marine ecosystems; Pressure; catches; Fish; sustainability; fishing; food webs; Sebastes; INE, USA, Oregon; INE, USA, Washington; INE, USA, Pacific Northwest; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2979.2010.00355.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of littoral habitat complexity and sunfish composition on fish production AN - 754894424; 13528148 AB - Habitat complexity is a key driver of food web dynamics because physical structure dictates resource availability to a community. Changes in fish diversity can also alter trophic interactions and energy pathways in food webs. Few studies have examined the direct, indirect, and interactive effects of biodiversity and habitat complexity on fish production. We explored the effects of habitat complexity (simulated vegetation), sunfish diversity (intra- vs. inter-specific sunfish), and their interaction using a mesocosm experiment. Total fish production was examined across two levels of habitat complexity (low: 161 strands m-2 and high: 714 strands m-2) and two sunfish diversity treatments: bluegill only (Lepomis macrochirus) and bluegill, redear sunfish (Lepomis microlophus), and green sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus) combination. We also measured changes in total phosphorus, phytoplankton, periphyton, and invertebrates to explain patterns in fish production. Bluegill and total fish production were unaffected by the sunfish treatments. Habitat complexity had a large influence on food web structure by shifting primary productivity from pelagic to a more littoral pathway in the high habitat treatments. Periphyton was higher with dense vegetation, leading to reductions in total phosphorus, phytoplankton, cladoceran abundance and fish biomass. In tanks with low vegetation, bluegill exhibited increased growth. Habitat complexity can alter energy flow through food webs ultimately influencing higher trophic levels. The lack of an effect of sunfish diversity on fish production does not imply that conserving biodiversity is unimportant; rather, we suggest that understanding the context in which biodiversity is important to food web dynamics is critical to conservation planning. JF - Ecology of Freshwater Fish AU - Carey, M P AU - Maloney, KO AU - Chipps AU - Wahl, D H AD - Kaskaskia Biological Station, Illinois Natural History Survey, Rural Route 1, Box 157, Sullivan, IL 61951, USA, michael.p.carey@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - Sep 2010 SP - 466 EP - 476 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 0906-6691, 0906-6691 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts KW - Resource availability KW - Phosphorus KW - Vegetation KW - Biodiversity KW - Phytoplankton KW - Freshwater KW - Habitat KW - Freshwater fish KW - Lepomis microlophus KW - Primary production KW - Mesocosms KW - Cladocera KW - Lepomis cyanellus KW - Community composition KW - Lepomis macrochirus KW - Species diversity KW - Periphyton KW - Food webs KW - Littoral zone KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754894424?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecology+of+Freshwater+Fish&rft.atitle=Effects+of+littoral+habitat+complexity+and+sunfish+composition+on+fish+production&rft.au=Carey%2C+M+P%3BMaloney%2C+KO%3BChipps%3BWahl%2C+D+H&rft.aulast=Carey&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=466&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecology+of+Freshwater+Fish&rft.issn=09066691&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1600-0633.2010.00433.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 71 N1 - Last updated - 2014-07-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Community composition; Species diversity; Phytoplankton; Biodiversity; Periphyton; Freshwater fish; Primary production; Food webs; Littoral zone; Resource availability; Phosphorus; Vegetation; Habitat; Mesocosms; Lepomis cyanellus; Lepomis macrochirus; Lepomis microlophus; Cladocera; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.2010.00433.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative analysis of bacterioplankton assemblages from Karenia brevis bloom and nonbloom water on the west Florida shelf (Gulf of Mexico, USA) using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries AN - 754535255; 13246221 AB - The brevetoxin-producing dinoflagellate, Karenia brevis, forms nearly annual blooms off the Florida west coast, severely impacting the region's ecology and economy. Bacteria are often cited as either promoting or interfering with the development of algal blooms, and thus a detailed study of the bacterioplankton assemblages associated with K. brevis was undertaken. We developed sixteen 16S rRNA gene clone libraries from K. brevis bloom and adjacent nonbloom water to determine the bacterial groups present and assess the influence of K. brevis cell number and-or depth on bacterioplankton community composition. Most notably, bacterial groups such as Rhodobacterales (Alphaproteobacteria) and Cytophagales-Sphingobacteriales (Bacteroidetes), reported previously to be associated with other harmful algal species, were often abundant in the presence of K. brevis. Cyanobacteria frequently dominated surface samples containing no detectable K. brevis, consistent with earlier work suggesting that these photosynthetic organisms may be important in promoting the proliferation of these blooms by conditioning the water. Moreover, differences in the abundance-diversity of traditionally more rare and often undocumented phylogenetic groups (e.g. Betaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, Chloroflexus, Firmicutes) were apparent in bloom vs. nonbloom water. This is the first study to document the association of these phylogenetic groups with natural K. brevis populations and suggests a potential role for these microorganisms in K. brevis bloom dynamics. JF - FEMS Microbiology Ecology AU - Jones, Kelly L AU - Mikulski, Christina M AU - Barnhorst, Amanda AU - Doucette, Gregory J AD - 1Marine Biotoxins Program, NOAA-National Ocean Service, Charleston, SC, USA 1 Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - Sep 2010 SP - 468 EP - 485 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 73 IS - 3 SN - 0168-6496, 0168-6496 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Algal blooms KW - Eutrophication KW - Phytoplankton KW - Gulfs KW - Bacterioplankton KW - Ecology KW - Genes KW - Libraries KW - Finite Element Method KW - Dinoflagellates KW - Phylogenetics KW - Coasts KW - Algae KW - Phylogeny KW - Marine KW - ASW, USA, Florida KW - Bacteria KW - Cell number KW - Biological poisons KW - Firmicutes KW - Chloroflexus KW - Nannoplankton KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - Community composition KW - Cyanobacteria KW - Microorganisms KW - Karenia brevis KW - rRNA 16S KW - Shelf dynamics KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - SW 4070:Ecological impact of water development KW - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - K 03450:Ecology KW - Q1 08481:Productivity KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754535255?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FEMS+Microbiology+Ecology&rft.atitle=Comparative+analysis+of+bacterioplankton+assemblages+from+Karenia+brevis+bloom+and+nonbloom+water+on+the+west+Florida+shelf+%28Gulf+of+Mexico%2C+USA%29+using+16S+rRNA+gene+clone+libraries&rft.au=Jones%2C+Kelly+L%3BMikulski%2C+Christina+M%3BBarnhorst%2C+Amanda%3BDoucette%2C+Gregory+J&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Kelly&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=468&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=FEMS+Microbiology+Ecology&rft.issn=01686496&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1574-6941.2010.00914.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Algal blooms; Community composition; Genes; Biological poisons; Phytoplankton; Phylogenetics; Shelf dynamics; Nannoplankton; Phylogeny; Cell number; Microorganisms; Dinoflagellates; rRNA 16S; Bacterioplankton; Algae; Coasts; Ecology; Bacteria; Eutrophication; Libraries; Finite Element Method; Gulfs; Cyanobacteria; Karenia brevis; Firmicutes; Chloroflexus; ASW, Mexico Gulf; ASW, USA, Florida; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2010.00914.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An absolute detector-based spectral radiance source AN - 1777090447; 14781184 AB - We describe an absolute, spectrally tunable, detector-based broad-band radiometric calibration source whose uncertainties in spectral radiance may approach those of reference detectors, on the order of 0.1 % (k=1). This uncertainty in the spectral radiance of the source is a factor of two lower than the current uncertainty in radiance sources disseminated by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA (NIST). These low uncertainties in radiance calibration sources are required for satellite sensors supporting climate change missions. For example, the uncertainty requirements for the Climate Absolute Radiance and Refractivity Observatory (CLARREO) sensor are approximately 0.2 % (k=1) in the silicon range. The conceptual framework of the source, characterization and radiance validation data and trending of the source radiance over time are described. JF - Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering AU - Brown, Steven W AU - Saunders, Robert D AU - Li, Zhigang AU - Fein, Abra AU - Barnes, Robert A AD - National Institute of Standards and Technology (USA) Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - September 2010 PB - SPIE, P.O. BOX 10 Bellingham WA 98227-0010 USA VL - 7807 SN - 0277-786X, 0277-786X KW - Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts (SO); Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Electronics and Communications Abstracts (EA) KW - Uncertainty KW - Radiance KW - Sensors KW - Climate change KW - Climate KW - Calibration KW - Standards KW - Spectra UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777090447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SPIE+-+The+International+Society+for+Optical+Engineering&rft.atitle=An+absolute+detector-based+spectral+radiance+source&rft.au=Brown%2C+Steven+W%3BSaunders%2C+Robert+D%3BLi%2C+Zhigang%3BFein%2C+Abra%3BBarnes%2C+Robert+A&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=7807&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SPIE+-+The+International+Society+for+Optical+Engineering&rft.issn=0277786X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Apparent seasonal cycle in isotopic discrimination of carbon in the atmosphere and biosphere due to vapor pressure deficit AN - 1520379622; 19534098 AB - We explore seasonal variability in isotopic fractionation by analyzing observational data from the atmosphere and the biosphere, as well as simulated data from a global model. Using simulated values of atmospheric CO sub(2) and its carbon isotopic composition, we evaluated different methods for specifying background concentrations when calculating the isotopic signature of source CO sub(2) ([delta] sub(s)) to the atmosphere. Based on this evaluation, we determined that free troposphere measurements should be used when available as a background reference when calculating [delta] sub(s) from boundary layer observations. We then estimate the seasonal distribution of [delta] sub(s) from monthly climatologies derived from several atmospheric sampling sites. This approach yields significant seasonal variations in [delta] sub(s) with more enriched values during the summer months that exceed the uncertainty of [delta] sub(s) estimated for any given month. Intra-annual measurements of [delta] super(13)C in the cellulose of Pinus taeda growing in the southeastern U.S. also reveal seasonal isotopic variations that are consistent in phase but not necessarily amplitude with atmospherically derived estimates of [delta] sub(s). Coherent seasonal patterns in [delta] sub(s) inferred from the atmosphere and observed in the biosphere were not consistent with the seasonal isotopic discrimination simulated by a commonly used biosphere model. However, [delta] sub(s) seasonality consistent with observations from the atmosphere and biosphere was retrieved with a revised biosphere model when stomatal conductance, and thus isotopic discrimination, was allowed to vary in response to vapor pressure deficit rather than relative humidity. Therefore, in regions where vapor pressure deficit and relative humidity are positively covariant over the growth season, such as the sub-tropics, different stomatal conductance models may yield very different estimates of CO sub(2) and H sub(2)O exchange between the biosphere and atmosphere. JF - Global Biogeochemical Cycles AU - Ballantyne AU - Miller, J B AU - Tans, P P AD - NOAA Earth Systems Research Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado, USA. Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - September 2010 SP - [np] PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 United States VL - 24 IS - 3 SN - 0886-6236, 0886-6236 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - atmospheric CO sub(2) KW - isotopes KW - stomatal conductance KW - Biosphere models KW - Relative humidity KW - Cellulose KW - Climate change KW - Biosphere KW - Atmosphere KW - Relative Humidity KW - Yield KW - Stomata KW - Vapors KW - Vapor Pressure KW - Carbon KW - Seasonal variability KW - Climatology KW - Sampling KW - Pressure KW - Seasonal variations KW - Modelling KW - Data processing KW - Conductance KW - Biogeochemistry KW - Pinus taeda KW - Troposphere KW - Seasonal distribution KW - USA KW - Carbon in the atmosphere KW - Boundary layers KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Vapor pressure KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Q2 09262:Methods and instruments KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - M2 551.510.3/.4:Physical Properties/Composition (551.510.3/.4) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1520379622?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.atitle=Apparent+seasonal+cycle+in+isotopic+discrimination+of+carbon+in+the+atmosphere+and+biosphere+due+to+vapor+pressure+deficit&rft.au=Ballantyne%3BMiller%2C+J+B%3BTans%2C+P+P&rft.aulast=Ballantyne&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=%5Bnp%5D&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+Biogeochemical+Cycles&rft.issn=08866236&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2009GB003623 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Relative humidity; Carbon; Biogeochemistry; Climate change; Troposphere; Seasonal distribution; Carbon dioxide; Seasonal variations; Modelling; Data processing; Conductance; Cellulose; Biosphere; Atmosphere; Vapors; Stomata; Boundary layers; Sampling; Pressure; Biosphere models; Carbon in the atmosphere; Climatology; Seasonal variability; Vapor pressure; Yield; Vapor Pressure; Relative Humidity; Carbon Dioxide; Pinus taeda; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009GB003623 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using surface plasmon resonance imaging to probe dynamic interactions between cells and extracellular matrix AN - 1017977014; 16714561 AB - Spatially resolved details of the interactions of cells with a fibronectin modified surface were examined using surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRI). SPRI is a label-free technique that is based on the spatial measurement of interfacial refractive index. SPRI is sensitive to short range interactions between cells and their substratum. The high contrast in SPR signal between cell edges and substratum facilitates identification of cell edges and segmentation of cell areas. With this novel technique, we demonstrate visualization of cell-substratum interactions, and how cell-substratum interactions change over time as cells spread, migrate, and undergo membrane ruffling. Published 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - Cytometry Part A AU - Peterson, Alexander W AU - Halter, Michael AU - Tona, Alessandro AU - Bhadriraju, Kiran AU - Plant, Anne L Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - Sep 2010 SP - 895 EP - 903 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 77A IS - 9 SN - 1552-4930, 1552-4930 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Cell migration KW - Cytometry KW - Extracellular matrix KW - Fibronectin KW - Membrane ruffling KW - Probes KW - Segmentation KW - imaging KW - surface plasmon resonance KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1017977014?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cytometry+Part+A&rft.atitle=Using+surface+plasmon+resonance+imaging+to+probe+dynamic+interactions+between+cells+and+extracellular+matrix&rft.au=Peterson%2C+Alexander+W%3BHalter%2C+Michael%3BTona%2C+Alessandro%3BBhadriraju%2C+Kiran%3BPlant%2C+Anne+L&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=77A&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=895&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cytometry+Part+A&rft.issn=15524930&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fcyto.a.20938 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cyto.a.20938/abstract LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-01 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - surface plasmon resonance; Membrane ruffling; Extracellular matrix; Fibronectin; Probes; Segmentation; Cell migration; imaging; Cytometry DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cyto.a.20938 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indian summer monsoon during the last two millennia AN - 1017970840; 16700226 AB - The monsoon is a large-scale feature of the tropical atmospheric circulation, affecting people and economies in the world's most densely populated regions. Future trends due to natural variability and human-induced climate changes are uncertain. Palaeoclimate records can improve our understanding of monsoon dynamics and thereby reduce this uncertainty. Palaeoclimate records have revealed a dramatic decrease in the Asian summer monsoon since the early Holocene maximum 9ka BP. Here we focus on the last 2ka, where some records indicate an increasing trend in the summer monsoon. Analysing Globigerina bulloides upwelling records from the Arabian Sea, we find the weakest monsoon occurred 1500 a BP, with an increasing trend towards the present. JF - Journal of Quaternary Science AU - Anderson, David M AU - Baulcomb, Corinne K AU - Duvivier, Alice K AU - Gupta, Anil K AD - Paleoclimatology Branch of NOAA's National Climatic Data Center, Boulder, Colorado, USA, david.m.anderson@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/09// PY - 2010 DA - September 2010 SP - 911 EP - 917 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 25 IS - 6 SN - 1099-1417, 1099-1417 KW - Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Summer monsoon KW - ISW, Arabian Sea KW - Upwelling KW - Population density KW - Natural variability KW - Summer KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Paleoclimates KW - Economics KW - Globigerina bulloides KW - Human factors KW - holocene KW - quaternary KW - Monsoons KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1017970840?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Quaternary+Science&rft.atitle=Indian+summer+monsoon+during+the+last+two+millennia&rft.au=Anderson%2C+David+M%3BBaulcomb%2C+Corinne+K%3BDuvivier%2C+Alice+K%3BGupta%2C+Anil+K&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=911&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Quaternary+Science&rft.issn=10991417&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjqs.1369 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jqs.1369/abstract LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Summer monsoon; Upwelling; Natural variability; Atmospheric circulation; Paleoclimates; Monsoons; Economics; Population density; Summer; Human factors; holocene; quaternary; Globigerina bulloides; ISW, Arabian Sea DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jqs.1369 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - An intense spring snowfall event over the northern Colorado mountains AN - 918071972; 16193206 AB - A deep and very cold low pressure system tracked along the western Wyoming and western Colorado border during 5-6 April 2010 and brought heavy snow to the central Rocky Mountains, including the Wasatch Range in northern Utah and the mountains of northwestern Colorado. This intense spring storm had near optimal conditions to bring high intensity snowfall to the central Rockies. A combination of dynamical forcing, deep potential instability, a favorable microphysical environment and orographic lift for a prolonged duration resulted in heavy snow accumulations on windward slopes with snow densities higher than typically observed for this region. Several Snotel sites measured over 2 feet of snowfall. One location, the Elk River Snotel in northwest Colorado measured an intense period of snowfall where 17 inches fell in 6 hours. This study will examine the storm evolution and factors that contributed to the intense snowfall rates. JF - American Meteorological Society. [np]. 30 Aug 2010. AU - Meyers, Michael P AU - Frisbie, P AU - Colton, J D AU - Aleksa, M AU - Strautins, A Y1 - 2010/08/30/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 30 PB - American Meteorological Society KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Snow accumulation KW - Storms KW - Environmental factors KW - North America, Rocky Mts. KW - Mountains KW - Snow cover densities KW - Snow Accumulation KW - Slopes KW - Low pressure systems KW - Snow Density KW - USA, Utah KW - Rivers KW - Mountain meteorology KW - USA, Wyoming KW - Snow KW - Mountain meteorology conferences KW - USA, Colorado KW - Instability KW - Evolution KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q2 09144:Regional studies, expeditions and data reports KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - M2 551.578.4:Crystalline (551.578.4) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918071972?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Meyers%2C+Michael+P%3BFrisbie%2C+P%3BColton%2C+J+D%3BAleksa%2C+M%3BStrautins%2C+A&rft.aulast=Meyers&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2010-08-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=An+intense+spring+snowfall+event+over+the+northern+Colorado+mountains&rft.title=An+intense+spring+snowfall+event+over+the+northern+Colorado+mountains&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-05-13 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Extending atmospheric river research to the Pacific Northwest and rapid response to the Howard Hanson Dam crisis AN - 918071584; 16193095 AB - Dedicated in 1962, the Howard A. Hanson Dam (HHD) brought necessary flood relief to the Green River Valley in the Metropolitan Area of Seattle, Washington, and opened the way for increased valley development. However, following a record high level of water behind HHD in January 2009, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (ACE) became concerned about the Dam's safety. Flood damage prevented by HHD from the January 2009 event is estimated at about $4 billion. Despite short-term measures to improve HHD during 2009, the chance for a significant Green River Valley flood event was estimated by the ACE to be 1 in 25 for the 2009/10 winter season. Although seasonal observed precipitation (October 2009 through March 2010) in the Seattle area was slightly greater than normal (e.g., 112% of normal at the Seattle Weather Forecast Office), there were no threatening floods observed along the Green River, primarily because the overall synoptic patter was progressive, which reduced the chance for an extensive (time and space) extreme event. More than a decade of West Coast winter storm research conducted primarily in California by NOAA's Earth System Research Laboratory/Physical Sciences Division (ESRL/PSD) has identified atmospheric rivers (ARs), narrow regions of enhanced water vapor transport, as the culprits that cause extreme precipitation events, such as the January 2009 event that stressed HHD. ESRL/PSD extended this AR research to the coast of Washington by deploying a mobile AR observatory (ARO) at Westport, Washington, in October 2009. Development of the mobile ARO is based on two decades of instrument and technology development at ESRL/PSD. ESRL/PSD also responded to the HHD crisis by rapidly deploying a fixed ARO couplet closer to HHD in order to detect and monitor the AR conditions that potentially could lead to flooding along the Green River. This paper will report on initial scientific findings resulting from the ARO deployments including orographic precipitation impacts and will document use of the ARO observations in daily forecast operations. JF - American Meteorological Society. [np]. 30 Aug 2010. AU - White, Allen B AU - Carter, G AU - Ralph, F M AU - King, C W AU - Jankov, I AU - Colman, B R AU - Cook, L K AU - Buehner, HE Y1 - 2010/08/30/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 30 PB - American Meteorological Society KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Water vapor transport KW - Winter storms KW - Weather Forecasting KW - INE, USA, Pacific Northwest KW - Dams KW - Floods KW - INE, USA, California KW - Seasonal variability KW - Weather forecasting KW - Flood damage KW - Coasts KW - Rivers KW - Weather KW - Laboratories KW - Precipitation KW - Flood relief KW - Dam control KW - Flooding KW - INE, USA, Washington, Seattle KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use KW - SW 6010:Structures KW - M2 551.509.1/.5:Forecasting (551.509.1/.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918071584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=White%2C+Allen+B%3BCarter%2C+G%3BRalph%2C+F+M%3BKing%2C+C+W%3BJankov%2C+I%3BColman%2C+B+R%3BCook%2C+L+K%3BBuehner%2C+HE&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Allen&rft.date=2010-08-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Extending+atmospheric+river+research+to+the+Pacific+Northwest+and+rapid+response+to+the+Howard+Hanson+Dam+crisis&rft.title=Extending+atmospheric+river+research+to+the+Pacific+Northwest+and+rapid+response+to+the+Howard+Hanson+Dam+crisis&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Ozone plume transport patterns across mountain barriers in California and Colorado AN - 918066518; 16193149 AB - Gaps or channels in mountain ranges are often regarded as favored transport corridors for pollutants, aerosol, moisture, or other quantities. During field measurement experiments in the Colorado Front Range and several California mountain ranges, NOAA/ESRL's airborne ozone lidar performed surveillance flight patterns over 3 summers to map out the ozone plumes from major source regions, such as Denver and Los Angeles. These flights were aimed at studying the transport patterns in to and through mountain barriers in the regions. Cases have been identified when gaps or passes formed the primary transport corridors. But more often ozone plumes followed the direction of the prevalent ridgetop-level winds and passed directly across the mountain barrier, eschewing the gaps and passes. Analyses of both types transport will be presented, highlighting the differences in winds and stability profiles associated with each transport pattern. JF - American Meteorological Society. [np]. 30 Aug 2010. AU - Banta, Robert M AU - Senff, C J AU - Alvarez, R J AU - Langford, A O AU - Hardesty, R M AU - Sandberg, S P Y1 - 2010/08/30/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 30 PB - American Meteorological Society KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Ozone measurements KW - Barriers KW - Pollution dispersion KW - Lidar KW - Air quality KW - Mountains KW - Ozone in troposphere KW - USA, Colorado, Denver KW - Pollutants KW - Corridor KW - Plumes KW - Ozone KW - USA, California, Los Angeles KW - Fires KW - Mountain meteorology KW - Aerosols KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Conferences KW - Surveillance and enforcement KW - Mountain meteorology conferences KW - USA, Colorado KW - Fronts KW - Lidar applications KW - LIDAR KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - Q2 09269:Geomagnetism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918066518?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Pollution+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Banta%2C+Robert+M%3BSenff%2C+C+J%3BAlvarez%2C+R+J%3BLangford%2C+A+O%3BHardesty%2C+R+M%3BSandberg%2C+S+P&rft.aulast=Banta&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2010-08-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Ozone+plume+transport+patterns+across+mountain+barriers+in+California+and+Colorado&rft.title=Ozone+plume+transport+patterns+across+mountain+barriers+in+California+and+Colorado&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-29 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Cold air damming impacts on snowfall distribution along the eastern Wind River Mountains AN - 918062442; 16193143 AB - The eastern slope of the Wind River Mountains (3500-4000m MSL) in central Wyoming is a favored location for upslope snow with northeast low-level flow that develops in the wake of cold frontal passages. Snowfall in the adjacent Wind River Basin and lower foothills shows a marked increase in amounts from Riverton to Lander. Local forecasters are adept at adjusting snowfall forecasts to account for this increase across the basin and into the adjacent east slopes of the mountain range. More interesting, however, are those snow events where locations in the lower foothills around Lander (1700-2100m MSL) receive snowfall exceeding that of mountain sites between 2600 and 3000m MSL. Upper air soundings regularly show a stable lower atmosphere as cold air, often of Canadian origin, invades the Wind River Basin. Temperatures within this cold dome may not vary much since the air spills into the basin with higher terrain on all sides trapping the cold air. Within this cold, stable airmass, boundary layer wind observations indicate northeast upslope flow typically decelerates near Lander, either becoming near calm or light from the northwest parallel to the Wind River Mountains. While this deceleration can be partly ascribed to local mesoscale terrain features, local meteorologists have long theorized that cold air damming is occurring. A review of several cases will attempt to answer the question of, "Is cold air damming, and possibly a barrier jet, the likely determinant of heavy snowfall distribution in Lander and the lower foothills?" JF - American Meteorological Society. [np]. 30 Aug 2010. AU - Jones, Christopher N AU - McDonald, B E AU - Wesley, DA Y1 - 2010/08/30/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 30 PB - American Meteorological Society KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - River Basins KW - Barriers KW - Mesoscale features KW - Freshwater KW - Mountains KW - Meteorologists KW - Snowfall distribution KW - River Flow KW - Boundary layer winds KW - Slopes KW - Wind KW - Dam Effects KW - Rivers KW - Wakes KW - Mountain meteorology KW - Domes KW - USA, Wyoming KW - Snow KW - River discharge KW - River basins KW - Soundings KW - USA, Wyoming, Wind R. basin KW - Mountain meteorology conferences KW - Reviews KW - Boundary layers KW - Heavy snowfall distribution KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling KW - M2 551.509.1/.5:Forecasting (551.509.1/.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918062442?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Jones%2C+Christopher+N%3BMcDonald%2C+B+E%3BWesley%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2010-08-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Cold+air+damming+impacts+on+snowfall+distribution+along+the+eastern+Wind+River+Mountains&rft.title=Cold+air+damming+impacts+on+snowfall+distribution+along+the+eastern+Wind+River+Mountains&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gene expression profiling in brain of mice exposed to the marine neurotoxin ciguatoxin reveals an acute anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective response AN - 954579447; 13747614 AB - Ciguatoxins (CTXs) are polyether marine neurotoxins and potent activators of voltage-gated sodium channels. This toxin is carried by multiple reef-fish species and human consumption of ciguatoxins can result in an explosive gastrointestinal/neurologic illness. This study characterizes the global transcriptional response in mouse brain to a symptomatic dose of the highly toxic Pacific ciguatoxin P-CTX-1 and additionally compares this data to transcriptional profiles from liver and whole blood examined previously. Adult male C57/BL6 mice were injected with 0.26 ng/g P-CTX-1 while controls received only vehicle. Animals were sacrificed at 1, 4 and 24 hrs and transcriptional profiling was performed on brain RNA with Agilent whole genome microarrays. RT-PCR was used to independently validate gene expression and the web tool DAVID was used to analyze gene ontology (GO) and molecular pathway enrichment of the gene expression data. A pronounced 4C hypothermic response was recorded in these mice, reaching a minimum at 1 hr and lasting for 8 hrs post toxin exposure. Ratio expression data were filtered by intensity, fold change and p-value, with the resulting data used for time course analysis, K-means clustering, ontology classification and KEGG pathway enrichment. Top GO hits for this gene set included acute phase response and mono-oxygenase activity. Molecular pathway analysis showed enrichment for complement/coagulation cascades and metabolism of xenobiotics. Many immediate early genes such as Fos, Jun and Early Growth Response isoforms were down-regulated although others associated with stress such as glucocorticoid responsive genes were up-regulated. Real time PCR confirmation was performed on 22 differentially expressed genes with a correlation of 0.9 (Spearman's Rho, p & 0.0001) with microarray results. Many of the genes differentially expressed in this study, in parallel with the hypothermia, figure prominently in protection against neuroinflammation. Pathologic activity of the complement/coagulation cascade has been shown in patients suffering from a chronic form of ciguatera poisoning and is of particular interest in this model. Anti-inflammatory processes were at work not only in the brain but were also seen in whole blood and liver of these animals, creating a systemic anti-inflammatory environment to protect against the initial cellular damage caused by the toxin. JF - BMC Neuroscience AU - Ryan, James C AU - Morey, Jeanine S AU - Bottein, Marie-Yasmine Dechraoui AU - Ramsdell, John S AU - Van Dolah, Frances M AD - Marine Biotoxins Program, NOAA Center for Coastal Environmental Health and Biomolecular Research, Charleston, SC, USA Y1 - 2010/08/26/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 26 SP - 107 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House London W1T 4LB United Kingdom VL - 11 KW - Genetics Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - Genomes KW - Sodium channels (voltage-gated) KW - Toxicants KW - Neuroprotection KW - Xenobiotics KW - DNA microarrays KW - Fos protein KW - Gene expression KW - Nervous system KW - I, Pacific KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Hypothermia KW - Data processing KW - Coagulation KW - Motor task performance KW - Profiling KW - Poisoning KW - Brain KW - Environmental impact KW - Transcription KW - Stress KW - Glucocorticoids KW - Toxins KW - Inflammation KW - Ciguatera KW - Blood KW - polyethers KW - RNA KW - Liver KW - Explosives KW - Immediate-early proteins KW - Ciguatoxin KW - Neurotoxins KW - Metabolism KW - N3 11023:Neurogenetics KW - Q1 08424:Age and growth KW - X 24320:Food Additives & Contaminants KW - G 07870:Mammals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/954579447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Gene+expression+profiling+in+brain+of+mice+exposed+to+the+marine+neurotoxin+ciguatoxin+reveals+an+acute+anti-inflammatory%2C+neuroprotective+response&rft.au=Ryan%2C+James+C%3BMorey%2C+Jeanine+S%3BBottein%2C+Marie-Yasmine+Dechraoui%3BRamsdell%2C+John+S%3BVan+Dolah%2C+Frances+M&rft.aulast=Ryan&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2010-08-26&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=BMC+Neuroscience&rft.issn=1471-2202&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1471-2202-11-107 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-12-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gene expression; Toxicants; Profiling; Environmental impact; Brain; Polymerase chain reaction; Ciguatoxin; Neurotoxins; Ciguatera; Genomes; Sodium channels (voltage-gated); Neuroprotection; Xenobiotics; DNA microarrays; Fos protein; Nervous system; Hypothermia; Data processing; Coagulation; Motor task performance; Poisoning; Stress; Transcription; Glucocorticoids; Toxins; Inflammation; Blood; polyethers; RNA; Liver; Immediate-early proteins; Explosives; Metabolism; I, Pacific DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2202-11-107 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - AMENDMENT 11 TO THE ATLANTIC MACKEREL, SQUID, AND BUTTERFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN (DRAFT SUPPLEMENT TO THE DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT OF JANUARY 2010). [Part 2 of 2] T2 - AMENDMENT 11 TO THE ATLANTIC MACKEREL, SQUID, AND BUTTERFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN (DRAFT SUPPLEMENT TO THE DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT OF JANUARY 2010). AN - 853675532; 14589-100335_0002 AB - PURPOSE: The amendment of the Atlantic Mackerel, Squid, and Butterfish (MSB) fishery management plan (FMP) to establish an Atlantic mackerel limited access program is proposed. Mackerel is currently an open access fishery and any US vessel can apply for and be issued a permit to fish for mackerel. The current management program relies on an annual commercial quota, and any permitted vessel can fish without limits on the amount of mackerel that can be landed per trip. The fishery is closed when 90 percent of the quota is harvested, and the fishery continues for the rest of the year with vessels authorized to land only up to a specified possession limit. If the full quota is reached, a complete moratorium on possession is instituted. The fishery has not been closed to date. There is a small recreational fishery that has no active management measures. The fishery occurs primarily in shelf waters east of the Delmarva Peninsula to south of Cape Cod and, while quotas have been over 100,000 metric tons since 2003, 2003-2007 catches averaged 43,000 metric tons. Most of the catch is landed at Cape May, New Jersey, New Bedford and Gloucester, Massachusetts, and North Kingstown, Fall River, and Point Judith, Rhode Island. While there has not been a race to fish for mackerel to date, quotas are expected to fall in the future because of the nature of the mackerel stock, and a race to fish could develop. The Amendment 11 draft EIS considered seven alternative sets, each including a No Action Alternative for the particular purpose addressed. This draft supplemental EIS includes revised alternatives and identifies preferred alternatives for some of the proposed actions. Alternative Sets 1 through 4 relate to the proposed cap on capacity via limited access, quota provisions and trip limits, and changes to administrative rules related to implementation of limited access. Under preferred alternatives, additional vessels could not enter the fishery and existing vessels (those holding permits on March 21, 2007) would be limited from expanding beyond a certain degree. Vessels would be grouped into three tiers based on historical landings and would have different levels of access and trip limits would be set annually. Alternative Set 5 presents scenarios to update the essential fish habitat (EFH) designations for species in the MSB FMP and Alternative Set 6 includes measures to allocate the mackerel quota between the recreational and commercial sectors. Finally, Alternative Set 7 considers options for limiting at-sea processing of Atlantic mackerel. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Institution of limited access would help minimize potential future racing to fish by reducing additional capitalization of the mackerel fleet and thereby reducing potential negative socioeconomic and biological consequences. EFH update provisions would designate more area than is currently designated and would enable more effective mitigation of habitat impacts in the future. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Vessels would be constrained from increasing effort beyond their traditional participation levels and, in the event that mackerel quotas are relatively high in the future, the fleet could have difficulty actually catching the quota. EFH designations could result in gear/area closures in the future. Limiting at-sea processing of Atlantic mackerel would have uncertain economic effects. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0004D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100335, 591 pages, August 19, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 2 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Conservation KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Recreation Resources Management KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Massachusetts KW - New Jersey KW - Rhode Island KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853675532?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-08-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=AMENDMENT+11+TO+THE+ATLANTIC+MACKEREL%2C+SQUID%2C+AND+BUTTERFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+%28DRAFT+SUPPLEMENT+TO+THE+DRAFT+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT+OF+JANUARY+2010%29.&rft.title=AMENDMENT+11+TO+THE+ATLANTIC+MACKEREL%2C+SQUID%2C+AND+BUTTERFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+%28DRAFT+SUPPLEMENT+TO+THE+DRAFT+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT+OF+JANUARY+2010%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Gloucester, Massachusetts; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: August 19, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - AMENDMENT 11 TO THE ATLANTIC MACKEREL, SQUID, AND BUTTERFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN (DRAFT SUPPLEMENT TO THE DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT OF JANUARY 2010). [Part 1 of 2] T2 - AMENDMENT 11 TO THE ATLANTIC MACKEREL, SQUID, AND BUTTERFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN (DRAFT SUPPLEMENT TO THE DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT OF JANUARY 2010). AN - 853675531; 14589-100335_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The amendment of the Atlantic Mackerel, Squid, and Butterfish (MSB) fishery management plan (FMP) to establish an Atlantic mackerel limited access program is proposed. Mackerel is currently an open access fishery and any US vessel can apply for and be issued a permit to fish for mackerel. The current management program relies on an annual commercial quota, and any permitted vessel can fish without limits on the amount of mackerel that can be landed per trip. The fishery is closed when 90 percent of the quota is harvested, and the fishery continues for the rest of the year with vessels authorized to land only up to a specified possession limit. If the full quota is reached, a complete moratorium on possession is instituted. The fishery has not been closed to date. There is a small recreational fishery that has no active management measures. The fishery occurs primarily in shelf waters east of the Delmarva Peninsula to south of Cape Cod and, while quotas have been over 100,000 metric tons since 2003, 2003-2007 catches averaged 43,000 metric tons. Most of the catch is landed at Cape May, New Jersey, New Bedford and Gloucester, Massachusetts, and North Kingstown, Fall River, and Point Judith, Rhode Island. While there has not been a race to fish for mackerel to date, quotas are expected to fall in the future because of the nature of the mackerel stock, and a race to fish could develop. The Amendment 11 draft EIS considered seven alternative sets, each including a No Action Alternative for the particular purpose addressed. This draft supplemental EIS includes revised alternatives and identifies preferred alternatives for some of the proposed actions. Alternative Sets 1 through 4 relate to the proposed cap on capacity via limited access, quota provisions and trip limits, and changes to administrative rules related to implementation of limited access. Under preferred alternatives, additional vessels could not enter the fishery and existing vessels (those holding permits on March 21, 2007) would be limited from expanding beyond a certain degree. Vessels would be grouped into three tiers based on historical landings and would have different levels of access and trip limits would be set annually. Alternative Set 5 presents scenarios to update the essential fish habitat (EFH) designations for species in the MSB FMP and Alternative Set 6 includes measures to allocate the mackerel quota between the recreational and commercial sectors. Finally, Alternative Set 7 considers options for limiting at-sea processing of Atlantic mackerel. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Institution of limited access would help minimize potential future racing to fish by reducing additional capitalization of the mackerel fleet and thereby reducing potential negative socioeconomic and biological consequences. EFH update provisions would designate more area than is currently designated and would enable more effective mitigation of habitat impacts in the future. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Vessels would be constrained from increasing effort beyond their traditional participation levels and, in the event that mackerel quotas are relatively high in the future, the fleet could have difficulty actually catching the quota. EFH designations could result in gear/area closures in the future. Limiting at-sea processing of Atlantic mackerel would have uncertain economic effects. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0004D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100335, 591 pages, August 19, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 1 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Conservation KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Recreation Resources Management KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Massachusetts KW - New Jersey KW - Rhode Island KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853675531?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-08-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=AMENDMENT+11+TO+THE+ATLANTIC+MACKEREL%2C+SQUID%2C+AND+BUTTERFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+%28DRAFT+SUPPLEMENT+TO+THE+DRAFT+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT+OF+JANUARY+2010%29.&rft.title=AMENDMENT+11+TO+THE+ATLANTIC+MACKEREL%2C+SQUID%2C+AND+BUTTERFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+%28DRAFT+SUPPLEMENT+TO+THE+DRAFT+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT+OF+JANUARY+2010%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Gloucester, Massachusetts; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: August 19, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - AMENDMENT 11 TO THE ATLANTIC MACKEREL, SQUID, AND BUTTERFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN (DRAFT SUPPLEMENT TO THE DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT OF JANUARY 2010). AN - 758977757; 14589 AB - PURPOSE: The amendment of the Atlantic Mackerel, Squid, and Butterfish (MSB) fishery management plan (FMP) to establish an Atlantic mackerel limited access program is proposed. Mackerel is currently an open access fishery and any US vessel can apply for and be issued a permit to fish for mackerel. The current management program relies on an annual commercial quota, and any permitted vessel can fish without limits on the amount of mackerel that can be landed per trip. The fishery is closed when 90 percent of the quota is harvested, and the fishery continues for the rest of the year with vessels authorized to land only up to a specified possession limit. If the full quota is reached, a complete moratorium on possession is instituted. The fishery has not been closed to date. There is a small recreational fishery that has no active management measures. The fishery occurs primarily in shelf waters east of the Delmarva Peninsula to south of Cape Cod and, while quotas have been over 100,000 metric tons since 2003, 2003-2007 catches averaged 43,000 metric tons. Most of the catch is landed at Cape May, New Jersey, New Bedford and Gloucester, Massachusetts, and North Kingstown, Fall River, and Point Judith, Rhode Island. While there has not been a race to fish for mackerel to date, quotas are expected to fall in the future because of the nature of the mackerel stock, and a race to fish could develop. The Amendment 11 draft EIS considered seven alternative sets, each including a No Action Alternative for the particular purpose addressed. This draft supplemental EIS includes revised alternatives and identifies preferred alternatives for some of the proposed actions. Alternative Sets 1 through 4 relate to the proposed cap on capacity via limited access, quota provisions and trip limits, and changes to administrative rules related to implementation of limited access. Under preferred alternatives, additional vessels could not enter the fishery and existing vessels (those holding permits on March 21, 2007) would be limited from expanding beyond a certain degree. Vessels would be grouped into three tiers based on historical landings and would have different levels of access and trip limits would be set annually. Alternative Set 5 presents scenarios to update the essential fish habitat (EFH) designations for species in the MSB FMP and Alternative Set 6 includes measures to allocate the mackerel quota between the recreational and commercial sectors. Finally, Alternative Set 7 considers options for limiting at-sea processing of Atlantic mackerel. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Institution of limited access would help minimize potential future racing to fish by reducing additional capitalization of the mackerel fleet and thereby reducing potential negative socioeconomic and biological consequences. EFH update provisions would designate more area than is currently designated and would enable more effective mitigation of habitat impacts in the future. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Vessels would be constrained from increasing effort beyond their traditional participation levels and, in the event that mackerel quotas are relatively high in the future, the fleet could have difficulty actually catching the quota. EFH designations could result in gear/area closures in the future. Limiting at-sea processing of Atlantic mackerel would have uncertain economic effects. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 10-0004D, Volume 34, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100335, 591 pages, August 19, 2010 PY - 2010 KW - Water KW - Biologic Assessments KW - Conservation KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Recreation Resources Management KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Massachusetts KW - New Jersey KW - Rhode Island KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/758977757?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-08-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=AMENDMENT+11+TO+THE+ATLANTIC+MACKEREL%2C+SQUID%2C+AND+BUTTERFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+%28DRAFT+SUPPLEMENT+TO+THE+DRAFT+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT+OF+JANUARY+2010%29.&rft.title=AMENDMENT+11+TO+THE+ATLANTIC+MACKEREL%2C+SQUID%2C+AND+BUTTERFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+%28DRAFT+SUPPLEMENT+TO+THE+DRAFT+ENVIRONMENTAL+IMPACT+STATEMENT+OF+JANUARY+2010%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Gloucester, Massachusetts; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: August 19, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - HARVEST SPECIFICATIONS AND MANAGEMENT MEASURES FOR THE 2011-2012 PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY AND AMENDMENT 16-5 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN TO UPDATE EXISTING REBUILDING PLANS AND ADOPT A REBUILDING PLAN FOR PETRALE SOLE, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA. [Part 8 of 8] T2 - HARVEST SPECIFICATIONS AND MANAGEMENT MEASURES FOR THE 2011-2012 PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY AND AMENDMENT 16-5 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN TO UPDATE EXISTING REBUILDING PLANS AND ADOPT A REBUILDING PLAN FOR PETRALE SOLE, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA. AN - 873133659; 14585-1_0008 AB - PURPOSE: The implementation of harvest specifications, including annual catch limits (ACLs) for calendar years 2011 and 2012 for species managed under the Pacific Coast Groundfish Fishery Management Plan (FMP), and management measures that constrain total fishing mortality to these ACLs or achieve other management objectives are proposed. Seven Pacific Coast groundfish species (bocaccio, canary rockfish, cowcod, darkblotched rockfish, Pacific ocean perch, widow rockfish, and yelloweye rockfish) are currently managed under rebuilding plans. The proposed action includes a rebuilding plan for the eighth species, petrale sole. Harvest specifications were developed consistent with the framework proposed under Amendment 23, which the Pacific Fishery Management Council adopted concurrently with this action but has not yet been approved by the National Marine Fisheries Service. Specifications include the overfishing limit, acceptable biological catch, and annual catch limit (ACL) for each managed stock or stock complex. Accountability measures (AMs) are management controls to prevent the ACL from being exceeded. Optionally, an annual catch target (ACT), which is an AM, may be identified below the ACL in order to reduce the risk of an ACL being exceeded. Based on new or updated stock assessments, the Council considered changes to the existing seven rebuilding plans. New stock assessments and rebuilding analyses revealed that for four of the overfished species, the current harvest rate policy results in a re-estimated median year to rebuild earlier than the current target year; these species are ahead of schedule. For canary rockfish, Pacific ocean perch, and yelloweye rockfish the re-estimated median year to rebuild the stock is later than the current target year (i.e., the stock is not predicted to rebuild by current target year with at least a 50 percent probability). In the case of yelloweye rockfish, the new rebuilding analysis indicates rebuilding is slightly behind schedule. Alternative ACLs are integrated with management measures into four action alternatives analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative represents the continuation of 2010 Optimum Yields and the management measures currently specified in regulations into the next biennial period. The final preferred alternative (FPA) is consistent with current rebuilding policies, while Alternatives 1 and 2 generally propose more aggressive rebuilding strategies. Alternative 3, which was the Councils preliminary preferred alternative, contains the same harvest specifications as the FPA, except for darkblotched rockfish and the specification of ACTs for Pacific ocean perch and yelloweye under the FPA. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would help to conserve and manage Pacific Coast groundfish fishery resources to prevent overfishing, to rebuild overfished stocks, to ensure conservation, to facilitate long-term protection of essential fish habitats, and to realize the full potential of the Nations fishery resources. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Changes in catch could result in changes to the ecosystem's food web. Changes in location of catch and type of gear used could result in changes to the amount and kind of essential fish habitat impacted. Fishing community incomes would be impacted compared with the No Action Alternative, although reductions could probably be accommodated without causing severe disruption. Under the FPA, total 2011 revenues are projected to be $2.8 million lower than with No Action. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100331, 970 pages, August 18, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 8 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873133659?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-08-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=HARVEST+SPECIFICATIONS+AND+MANAGEMENT+MEASURES+FOR+THE+2011-2012+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+AND+AMENDMENT+16-5+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+TO+UPDATE+EXISTING+REBUILDING+PLANS+AND+ADOPT+A+REBUILDING+PLAN+FOR+PETRALE+SOLE%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=HARVEST+SPECIFICATIONS+AND+MANAGEMENT+MEASURES+FOR+THE+2011-2012+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+AND+AMENDMENT+16-5+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+TO+UPDATE+EXISTING+REBUILDING+PLANS+AND+ADOPT+A+REBUILDING+PLAN+FOR+PETRALE+SOLE%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Preparation date: August 18, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - HARVEST SPECIFICATIONS AND MANAGEMENT MEASURES FOR THE 2011-2012 PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY AND AMENDMENT 16-5 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN TO UPDATE EXISTING REBUILDING PLANS AND ADOPT A REBUILDING PLAN FOR PETRALE SOLE, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA. [Part 7 of 8] T2 - HARVEST SPECIFICATIONS AND MANAGEMENT MEASURES FOR THE 2011-2012 PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY AND AMENDMENT 16-5 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN TO UPDATE EXISTING REBUILDING PLANS AND ADOPT A REBUILDING PLAN FOR PETRALE SOLE, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA. AN - 873133655; 14585-1_0007 AB - PURPOSE: The implementation of harvest specifications, including annual catch limits (ACLs) for calendar years 2011 and 2012 for species managed under the Pacific Coast Groundfish Fishery Management Plan (FMP), and management measures that constrain total fishing mortality to these ACLs or achieve other management objectives are proposed. Seven Pacific Coast groundfish species (bocaccio, canary rockfish, cowcod, darkblotched rockfish, Pacific ocean perch, widow rockfish, and yelloweye rockfish) are currently managed under rebuilding plans. The proposed action includes a rebuilding plan for the eighth species, petrale sole. Harvest specifications were developed consistent with the framework proposed under Amendment 23, which the Pacific Fishery Management Council adopted concurrently with this action but has not yet been approved by the National Marine Fisheries Service. Specifications include the overfishing limit, acceptable biological catch, and annual catch limit (ACL) for each managed stock or stock complex. Accountability measures (AMs) are management controls to prevent the ACL from being exceeded. Optionally, an annual catch target (ACT), which is an AM, may be identified below the ACL in order to reduce the risk of an ACL being exceeded. Based on new or updated stock assessments, the Council considered changes to the existing seven rebuilding plans. New stock assessments and rebuilding analyses revealed that for four of the overfished species, the current harvest rate policy results in a re-estimated median year to rebuild earlier than the current target year; these species are ahead of schedule. For canary rockfish, Pacific ocean perch, and yelloweye rockfish the re-estimated median year to rebuild the stock is later than the current target year (i.e., the stock is not predicted to rebuild by current target year with at least a 50 percent probability). In the case of yelloweye rockfish, the new rebuilding analysis indicates rebuilding is slightly behind schedule. Alternative ACLs are integrated with management measures into four action alternatives analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative represents the continuation of 2010 Optimum Yields and the management measures currently specified in regulations into the next biennial period. The final preferred alternative (FPA) is consistent with current rebuilding policies, while Alternatives 1 and 2 generally propose more aggressive rebuilding strategies. Alternative 3, which was the Councils preliminary preferred alternative, contains the same harvest specifications as the FPA, except for darkblotched rockfish and the specification of ACTs for Pacific ocean perch and yelloweye under the FPA. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would help to conserve and manage Pacific Coast groundfish fishery resources to prevent overfishing, to rebuild overfished stocks, to ensure conservation, to facilitate long-term protection of essential fish habitats, and to realize the full potential of the Nations fishery resources. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Changes in catch could result in changes to the ecosystem's food web. Changes in location of catch and type of gear used could result in changes to the amount and kind of essential fish habitat impacted. Fishing community incomes would be impacted compared with the No Action Alternative, although reductions could probably be accommodated without causing severe disruption. Under the FPA, total 2011 revenues are projected to be $2.8 million lower than with No Action. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100331, 970 pages, August 18, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 7 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873133655?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-08-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=HARVEST+SPECIFICATIONS+AND+MANAGEMENT+MEASURES+FOR+THE+2011-2012+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+AND+AMENDMENT+16-5+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+TO+UPDATE+EXISTING+REBUILDING+PLANS+AND+ADOPT+A+REBUILDING+PLAN+FOR+PETRALE+SOLE%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=HARVEST+SPECIFICATIONS+AND+MANAGEMENT+MEASURES+FOR+THE+2011-2012+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+AND+AMENDMENT+16-5+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+TO+UPDATE+EXISTING+REBUILDING+PLANS+AND+ADOPT+A+REBUILDING+PLAN+FOR+PETRALE+SOLE%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Preparation date: August 18, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - HARVEST SPECIFICATIONS AND MANAGEMENT MEASURES FOR THE 2011-2012 PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY AND AMENDMENT 16-5 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN TO UPDATE EXISTING REBUILDING PLANS AND ADOPT A REBUILDING PLAN FOR PETRALE SOLE, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA. [Part 6 of 8] T2 - HARVEST SPECIFICATIONS AND MANAGEMENT MEASURES FOR THE 2011-2012 PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY AND AMENDMENT 16-5 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN TO UPDATE EXISTING REBUILDING PLANS AND ADOPT A REBUILDING PLAN FOR PETRALE SOLE, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA. AN - 873133653; 14585-1_0006 AB - PURPOSE: The implementation of harvest specifications, including annual catch limits (ACLs) for calendar years 2011 and 2012 for species managed under the Pacific Coast Groundfish Fishery Management Plan (FMP), and management measures that constrain total fishing mortality to these ACLs or achieve other management objectives are proposed. Seven Pacific Coast groundfish species (bocaccio, canary rockfish, cowcod, darkblotched rockfish, Pacific ocean perch, widow rockfish, and yelloweye rockfish) are currently managed under rebuilding plans. The proposed action includes a rebuilding plan for the eighth species, petrale sole. Harvest specifications were developed consistent with the framework proposed under Amendment 23, which the Pacific Fishery Management Council adopted concurrently with this action but has not yet been approved by the National Marine Fisheries Service. Specifications include the overfishing limit, acceptable biological catch, and annual catch limit (ACL) for each managed stock or stock complex. Accountability measures (AMs) are management controls to prevent the ACL from being exceeded. Optionally, an annual catch target (ACT), which is an AM, may be identified below the ACL in order to reduce the risk of an ACL being exceeded. Based on new or updated stock assessments, the Council considered changes to the existing seven rebuilding plans. New stock assessments and rebuilding analyses revealed that for four of the overfished species, the current harvest rate policy results in a re-estimated median year to rebuild earlier than the current target year; these species are ahead of schedule. For canary rockfish, Pacific ocean perch, and yelloweye rockfish the re-estimated median year to rebuild the stock is later than the current target year (i.e., the stock is not predicted to rebuild by current target year with at least a 50 percent probability). In the case of yelloweye rockfish, the new rebuilding analysis indicates rebuilding is slightly behind schedule. Alternative ACLs are integrated with management measures into four action alternatives analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative represents the continuation of 2010 Optimum Yields and the management measures currently specified in regulations into the next biennial period. The final preferred alternative (FPA) is consistent with current rebuilding policies, while Alternatives 1 and 2 generally propose more aggressive rebuilding strategies. Alternative 3, which was the Councils preliminary preferred alternative, contains the same harvest specifications as the FPA, except for darkblotched rockfish and the specification of ACTs for Pacific ocean perch and yelloweye under the FPA. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would help to conserve and manage Pacific Coast groundfish fishery resources to prevent overfishing, to rebuild overfished stocks, to ensure conservation, to facilitate long-term protection of essential fish habitats, and to realize the full potential of the Nations fishery resources. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Changes in catch could result in changes to the ecosystem's food web. Changes in location of catch and type of gear used could result in changes to the amount and kind of essential fish habitat impacted. Fishing community incomes would be impacted compared with the No Action Alternative, although reductions could probably be accommodated without causing severe disruption. Under the FPA, total 2011 revenues are projected to be $2.8 million lower than with No Action. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100331, 970 pages, August 18, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 6 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873133653?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-08-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=HARVEST+SPECIFICATIONS+AND+MANAGEMENT+MEASURES+FOR+THE+2011-2012+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+AND+AMENDMENT+16-5+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+TO+UPDATE+EXISTING+REBUILDING+PLANS+AND+ADOPT+A+REBUILDING+PLAN+FOR+PETRALE+SOLE%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=HARVEST+SPECIFICATIONS+AND+MANAGEMENT+MEASURES+FOR+THE+2011-2012+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+AND+AMENDMENT+16-5+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+TO+UPDATE+EXISTING+REBUILDING+PLANS+AND+ADOPT+A+REBUILDING+PLAN+FOR+PETRALE+SOLE%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Preparation date: August 18, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - HARVEST SPECIFICATIONS AND MANAGEMENT MEASURES FOR THE 2011-2012 PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY AND AMENDMENT 16-5 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN TO UPDATE EXISTING REBUILDING PLANS AND ADOPT A REBUILDING PLAN FOR PETRALE SOLE, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA. [Part 4 of 8] T2 - HARVEST SPECIFICATIONS AND MANAGEMENT MEASURES FOR THE 2011-2012 PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY AND AMENDMENT 16-5 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN TO UPDATE EXISTING REBUILDING PLANS AND ADOPT A REBUILDING PLAN FOR PETRALE SOLE, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA. AN - 873133651; 14585-1_0004 AB - PURPOSE: The implementation of harvest specifications, including annual catch limits (ACLs) for calendar years 2011 and 2012 for species managed under the Pacific Coast Groundfish Fishery Management Plan (FMP), and management measures that constrain total fishing mortality to these ACLs or achieve other management objectives are proposed. Seven Pacific Coast groundfish species (bocaccio, canary rockfish, cowcod, darkblotched rockfish, Pacific ocean perch, widow rockfish, and yelloweye rockfish) are currently managed under rebuilding plans. The proposed action includes a rebuilding plan for the eighth species, petrale sole. Harvest specifications were developed consistent with the framework proposed under Amendment 23, which the Pacific Fishery Management Council adopted concurrently with this action but has not yet been approved by the National Marine Fisheries Service. Specifications include the overfishing limit, acceptable biological catch, and annual catch limit (ACL) for each managed stock or stock complex. Accountability measures (AMs) are management controls to prevent the ACL from being exceeded. Optionally, an annual catch target (ACT), which is an AM, may be identified below the ACL in order to reduce the risk of an ACL being exceeded. Based on new or updated stock assessments, the Council considered changes to the existing seven rebuilding plans. New stock assessments and rebuilding analyses revealed that for four of the overfished species, the current harvest rate policy results in a re-estimated median year to rebuild earlier than the current target year; these species are ahead of schedule. For canary rockfish, Pacific ocean perch, and yelloweye rockfish the re-estimated median year to rebuild the stock is later than the current target year (i.e., the stock is not predicted to rebuild by current target year with at least a 50 percent probability). In the case of yelloweye rockfish, the new rebuilding analysis indicates rebuilding is slightly behind schedule. Alternative ACLs are integrated with management measures into four action alternatives analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative represents the continuation of 2010 Optimum Yields and the management measures currently specified in regulations into the next biennial period. The final preferred alternative (FPA) is consistent with current rebuilding policies, while Alternatives 1 and 2 generally propose more aggressive rebuilding strategies. Alternative 3, which was the Councils preliminary preferred alternative, contains the same harvest specifications as the FPA, except for darkblotched rockfish and the specification of ACTs for Pacific ocean perch and yelloweye under the FPA. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would help to conserve and manage Pacific Coast groundfish fishery resources to prevent overfishing, to rebuild overfished stocks, to ensure conservation, to facilitate long-term protection of essential fish habitats, and to realize the full potential of the Nations fishery resources. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Changes in catch could result in changes to the ecosystem's food web. Changes in location of catch and type of gear used could result in changes to the amount and kind of essential fish habitat impacted. Fishing community incomes would be impacted compared with the No Action Alternative, although reductions could probably be accommodated without causing severe disruption. Under the FPA, total 2011 revenues are projected to be $2.8 million lower than with No Action. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100331, 970 pages, August 18, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 4 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873133651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-08-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=HARVEST+SPECIFICATIONS+AND+MANAGEMENT+MEASURES+FOR+THE+2011-2012+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+AND+AMENDMENT+16-5+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+TO+UPDATE+EXISTING+REBUILDING+PLANS+AND+ADOPT+A+REBUILDING+PLAN+FOR+PETRALE+SOLE%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=HARVEST+SPECIFICATIONS+AND+MANAGEMENT+MEASURES+FOR+THE+2011-2012+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+AND+AMENDMENT+16-5+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+TO+UPDATE+EXISTING+REBUILDING+PLANS+AND+ADOPT+A+REBUILDING+PLAN+FOR+PETRALE+SOLE%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Preparation date: August 18, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - HARVEST SPECIFICATIONS AND MANAGEMENT MEASURES FOR THE 2011-2012 PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY AND AMENDMENT 16-5 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN TO UPDATE EXISTING REBUILDING PLANS AND ADOPT A REBUILDING PLAN FOR PETRALE SOLE, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA. [Part 3 of 8] T2 - HARVEST SPECIFICATIONS AND MANAGEMENT MEASURES FOR THE 2011-2012 PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY AND AMENDMENT 16-5 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN TO UPDATE EXISTING REBUILDING PLANS AND ADOPT A REBUILDING PLAN FOR PETRALE SOLE, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA. AN - 873133649; 14585-1_0003 AB - PURPOSE: The implementation of harvest specifications, including annual catch limits (ACLs) for calendar years 2011 and 2012 for species managed under the Pacific Coast Groundfish Fishery Management Plan (FMP), and management measures that constrain total fishing mortality to these ACLs or achieve other management objectives are proposed. Seven Pacific Coast groundfish species (bocaccio, canary rockfish, cowcod, darkblotched rockfish, Pacific ocean perch, widow rockfish, and yelloweye rockfish) are currently managed under rebuilding plans. The proposed action includes a rebuilding plan for the eighth species, petrale sole. Harvest specifications were developed consistent with the framework proposed under Amendment 23, which the Pacific Fishery Management Council adopted concurrently with this action but has not yet been approved by the National Marine Fisheries Service. Specifications include the overfishing limit, acceptable biological catch, and annual catch limit (ACL) for each managed stock or stock complex. Accountability measures (AMs) are management controls to prevent the ACL from being exceeded. Optionally, an annual catch target (ACT), which is an AM, may be identified below the ACL in order to reduce the risk of an ACL being exceeded. Based on new or updated stock assessments, the Council considered changes to the existing seven rebuilding plans. New stock assessments and rebuilding analyses revealed that for four of the overfished species, the current harvest rate policy results in a re-estimated median year to rebuild earlier than the current target year; these species are ahead of schedule. For canary rockfish, Pacific ocean perch, and yelloweye rockfish the re-estimated median year to rebuild the stock is later than the current target year (i.e., the stock is not predicted to rebuild by current target year with at least a 50 percent probability). In the case of yelloweye rockfish, the new rebuilding analysis indicates rebuilding is slightly behind schedule. Alternative ACLs are integrated with management measures into four action alternatives analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative represents the continuation of 2010 Optimum Yields and the management measures currently specified in regulations into the next biennial period. The final preferred alternative (FPA) is consistent with current rebuilding policies, while Alternatives 1 and 2 generally propose more aggressive rebuilding strategies. Alternative 3, which was the Councils preliminary preferred alternative, contains the same harvest specifications as the FPA, except for darkblotched rockfish and the specification of ACTs for Pacific ocean perch and yelloweye under the FPA. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would help to conserve and manage Pacific Coast groundfish fishery resources to prevent overfishing, to rebuild overfished stocks, to ensure conservation, to facilitate long-term protection of essential fish habitats, and to realize the full potential of the Nations fishery resources. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Changes in catch could result in changes to the ecosystem's food web. Changes in location of catch and type of gear used could result in changes to the amount and kind of essential fish habitat impacted. Fishing community incomes would be impacted compared with the No Action Alternative, although reductions could probably be accommodated without causing severe disruption. Under the FPA, total 2011 revenues are projected to be $2.8 million lower than with No Action. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100331, 970 pages, August 18, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 3 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873133649?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-08-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=HARVEST+SPECIFICATIONS+AND+MANAGEMENT+MEASURES+FOR+THE+2011-2012+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+AND+AMENDMENT+16-5+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+TO+UPDATE+EXISTING+REBUILDING+PLANS+AND+ADOPT+A+REBUILDING+PLAN+FOR+PETRALE+SOLE%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=HARVEST+SPECIFICATIONS+AND+MANAGEMENT+MEASURES+FOR+THE+2011-2012+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+AND+AMENDMENT+16-5+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+TO+UPDATE+EXISTING+REBUILDING+PLANS+AND+ADOPT+A+REBUILDING+PLAN+FOR+PETRALE+SOLE%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Preparation date: August 18, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - HARVEST SPECIFICATIONS AND MANAGEMENT MEASURES FOR THE 2011-2012 PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY AND AMENDMENT 16-5 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN TO UPDATE EXISTING REBUILDING PLANS AND ADOPT A REBUILDING PLAN FOR PETRALE SOLE, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA. [Part 2 of 8] T2 - HARVEST SPECIFICATIONS AND MANAGEMENT MEASURES FOR THE 2011-2012 PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY AND AMENDMENT 16-5 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN TO UPDATE EXISTING REBUILDING PLANS AND ADOPT A REBUILDING PLAN FOR PETRALE SOLE, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA. AN - 873133645; 14585-1_0002 AB - PURPOSE: The implementation of harvest specifications, including annual catch limits (ACLs) for calendar years 2011 and 2012 for species managed under the Pacific Coast Groundfish Fishery Management Plan (FMP), and management measures that constrain total fishing mortality to these ACLs or achieve other management objectives are proposed. Seven Pacific Coast groundfish species (bocaccio, canary rockfish, cowcod, darkblotched rockfish, Pacific ocean perch, widow rockfish, and yelloweye rockfish) are currently managed under rebuilding plans. The proposed action includes a rebuilding plan for the eighth species, petrale sole. Harvest specifications were developed consistent with the framework proposed under Amendment 23, which the Pacific Fishery Management Council adopted concurrently with this action but has not yet been approved by the National Marine Fisheries Service. Specifications include the overfishing limit, acceptable biological catch, and annual catch limit (ACL) for each managed stock or stock complex. Accountability measures (AMs) are management controls to prevent the ACL from being exceeded. Optionally, an annual catch target (ACT), which is an AM, may be identified below the ACL in order to reduce the risk of an ACL being exceeded. Based on new or updated stock assessments, the Council considered changes to the existing seven rebuilding plans. New stock assessments and rebuilding analyses revealed that for four of the overfished species, the current harvest rate policy results in a re-estimated median year to rebuild earlier than the current target year; these species are ahead of schedule. For canary rockfish, Pacific ocean perch, and yelloweye rockfish the re-estimated median year to rebuild the stock is later than the current target year (i.e., the stock is not predicted to rebuild by current target year with at least a 50 percent probability). In the case of yelloweye rockfish, the new rebuilding analysis indicates rebuilding is slightly behind schedule. Alternative ACLs are integrated with management measures into four action alternatives analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative represents the continuation of 2010 Optimum Yields and the management measures currently specified in regulations into the next biennial period. The final preferred alternative (FPA) is consistent with current rebuilding policies, while Alternatives 1 and 2 generally propose more aggressive rebuilding strategies. Alternative 3, which was the Councils preliminary preferred alternative, contains the same harvest specifications as the FPA, except for darkblotched rockfish and the specification of ACTs for Pacific ocean perch and yelloweye under the FPA. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would help to conserve and manage Pacific Coast groundfish fishery resources to prevent overfishing, to rebuild overfished stocks, to ensure conservation, to facilitate long-term protection of essential fish habitats, and to realize the full potential of the Nations fishery resources. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Changes in catch could result in changes to the ecosystem's food web. Changes in location of catch and type of gear used could result in changes to the amount and kind of essential fish habitat impacted. Fishing community incomes would be impacted compared with the No Action Alternative, although reductions could probably be accommodated without causing severe disruption. Under the FPA, total 2011 revenues are projected to be $2.8 million lower than with No Action. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100331, 970 pages, August 18, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 2 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873133645?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-08-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=HARVEST+SPECIFICATIONS+AND+MANAGEMENT+MEASURES+FOR+THE+2011-2012+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+AND+AMENDMENT+16-5+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+TO+UPDATE+EXISTING+REBUILDING+PLANS+AND+ADOPT+A+REBUILDING+PLAN+FOR+PETRALE+SOLE%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=HARVEST+SPECIFICATIONS+AND+MANAGEMENT+MEASURES+FOR+THE+2011-2012+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+AND+AMENDMENT+16-5+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+TO+UPDATE+EXISTING+REBUILDING+PLANS+AND+ADOPT+A+REBUILDING+PLAN+FOR+PETRALE+SOLE%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Preparation date: August 18, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - HARVEST SPECIFICATIONS AND MANAGEMENT MEASURES FOR THE 2011-2012 PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY AND AMENDMENT 16-5 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN TO UPDATE EXISTING REBUILDING PLANS AND ADOPT A REBUILDING PLAN FOR PETRALE SOLE, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA. [Part 1 of 8] T2 - HARVEST SPECIFICATIONS AND MANAGEMENT MEASURES FOR THE 2011-2012 PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY AND AMENDMENT 16-5 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN TO UPDATE EXISTING REBUILDING PLANS AND ADOPT A REBUILDING PLAN FOR PETRALE SOLE, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA. AN - 873133640; 14585-1_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The implementation of harvest specifications, including annual catch limits (ACLs) for calendar years 2011 and 2012 for species managed under the Pacific Coast Groundfish Fishery Management Plan (FMP), and management measures that constrain total fishing mortality to these ACLs or achieve other management objectives are proposed. Seven Pacific Coast groundfish species (bocaccio, canary rockfish, cowcod, darkblotched rockfish, Pacific ocean perch, widow rockfish, and yelloweye rockfish) are currently managed under rebuilding plans. The proposed action includes a rebuilding plan for the eighth species, petrale sole. Harvest specifications were developed consistent with the framework proposed under Amendment 23, which the Pacific Fishery Management Council adopted concurrently with this action but has not yet been approved by the National Marine Fisheries Service. Specifications include the overfishing limit, acceptable biological catch, and annual catch limit (ACL) for each managed stock or stock complex. Accountability measures (AMs) are management controls to prevent the ACL from being exceeded. Optionally, an annual catch target (ACT), which is an AM, may be identified below the ACL in order to reduce the risk of an ACL being exceeded. Based on new or updated stock assessments, the Council considered changes to the existing seven rebuilding plans. New stock assessments and rebuilding analyses revealed that for four of the overfished species, the current harvest rate policy results in a re-estimated median year to rebuild earlier than the current target year; these species are ahead of schedule. For canary rockfish, Pacific ocean perch, and yelloweye rockfish the re-estimated median year to rebuild the stock is later than the current target year (i.e., the stock is not predicted to rebuild by current target year with at least a 50 percent probability). In the case of yelloweye rockfish, the new rebuilding analysis indicates rebuilding is slightly behind schedule. Alternative ACLs are integrated with management measures into four action alternatives analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative represents the continuation of 2010 Optimum Yields and the management measures currently specified in regulations into the next biennial period. The final preferred alternative (FPA) is consistent with current rebuilding policies, while Alternatives 1 and 2 generally propose more aggressive rebuilding strategies. Alternative 3, which was the Councils preliminary preferred alternative, contains the same harvest specifications as the FPA, except for darkblotched rockfish and the specification of ACTs for Pacific ocean perch and yelloweye under the FPA. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would help to conserve and manage Pacific Coast groundfish fishery resources to prevent overfishing, to rebuild overfished stocks, to ensure conservation, to facilitate long-term protection of essential fish habitats, and to realize the full potential of the Nations fishery resources. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Changes in catch could result in changes to the ecosystem's food web. Changes in location of catch and type of gear used could result in changes to the amount and kind of essential fish habitat impacted. Fishing community incomes would be impacted compared with the No Action Alternative, although reductions could probably be accommodated without causing severe disruption. Under the FPA, total 2011 revenues are projected to be $2.8 million lower than with No Action. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100331, 970 pages, August 18, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 1 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873133640?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-08-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=HARVEST+SPECIFICATIONS+AND+MANAGEMENT+MEASURES+FOR+THE+2011-2012+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+AND+AMENDMENT+16-5+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+TO+UPDATE+EXISTING+REBUILDING+PLANS+AND+ADOPT+A+REBUILDING+PLAN+FOR+PETRALE+SOLE%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=HARVEST+SPECIFICATIONS+AND+MANAGEMENT+MEASURES+FOR+THE+2011-2012+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+AND+AMENDMENT+16-5+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+TO+UPDATE+EXISTING+REBUILDING+PLANS+AND+ADOPT+A+REBUILDING+PLAN+FOR+PETRALE+SOLE%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Preparation date: August 18, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - HARVEST SPECIFICATIONS AND MANAGEMENT MEASURES FOR THE 2011-2012 PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY AND AMENDMENT 16-5 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN TO UPDATE EXISTING REBUILDING PLANS AND ADOPT A REBUILDING PLAN FOR PETRALE SOLE, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA. [Part 5 of 8] T2 - HARVEST SPECIFICATIONS AND MANAGEMENT MEASURES FOR THE 2011-2012 PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY AND AMENDMENT 16-5 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN TO UPDATE EXISTING REBUILDING PLANS AND ADOPT A REBUILDING PLAN FOR PETRALE SOLE, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA. AN - 873132810; 14585-1_0005 AB - PURPOSE: The implementation of harvest specifications, including annual catch limits (ACLs) for calendar years 2011 and 2012 for species managed under the Pacific Coast Groundfish Fishery Management Plan (FMP), and management measures that constrain total fishing mortality to these ACLs or achieve other management objectives are proposed. Seven Pacific Coast groundfish species (bocaccio, canary rockfish, cowcod, darkblotched rockfish, Pacific ocean perch, widow rockfish, and yelloweye rockfish) are currently managed under rebuilding plans. The proposed action includes a rebuilding plan for the eighth species, petrale sole. Harvest specifications were developed consistent with the framework proposed under Amendment 23, which the Pacific Fishery Management Council adopted concurrently with this action but has not yet been approved by the National Marine Fisheries Service. Specifications include the overfishing limit, acceptable biological catch, and annual catch limit (ACL) for each managed stock or stock complex. Accountability measures (AMs) are management controls to prevent the ACL from being exceeded. Optionally, an annual catch target (ACT), which is an AM, may be identified below the ACL in order to reduce the risk of an ACL being exceeded. Based on new or updated stock assessments, the Council considered changes to the existing seven rebuilding plans. New stock assessments and rebuilding analyses revealed that for four of the overfished species, the current harvest rate policy results in a re-estimated median year to rebuild earlier than the current target year; these species are ahead of schedule. For canary rockfish, Pacific ocean perch, and yelloweye rockfish the re-estimated median year to rebuild the stock is later than the current target year (i.e., the stock is not predicted to rebuild by current target year with at least a 50 percent probability). In the case of yelloweye rockfish, the new rebuilding analysis indicates rebuilding is slightly behind schedule. Alternative ACLs are integrated with management measures into four action alternatives analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative represents the continuation of 2010 Optimum Yields and the management measures currently specified in regulations into the next biennial period. The final preferred alternative (FPA) is consistent with current rebuilding policies, while Alternatives 1 and 2 generally propose more aggressive rebuilding strategies. Alternative 3, which was the Councils preliminary preferred alternative, contains the same harvest specifications as the FPA, except for darkblotched rockfish and the specification of ACTs for Pacific ocean perch and yelloweye under the FPA. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would help to conserve and manage Pacific Coast groundfish fishery resources to prevent overfishing, to rebuild overfished stocks, to ensure conservation, to facilitate long-term protection of essential fish habitats, and to realize the full potential of the Nations fishery resources. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Changes in catch could result in changes to the ecosystem's food web. Changes in location of catch and type of gear used could result in changes to the amount and kind of essential fish habitat impacted. Fishing community incomes would be impacted compared with the No Action Alternative, although reductions could probably be accommodated without causing severe disruption. Under the FPA, total 2011 revenues are projected to be $2.8 million lower than with No Action. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100331, 970 pages, August 18, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 5 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873132810?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-08-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=HARVEST+SPECIFICATIONS+AND+MANAGEMENT+MEASURES+FOR+THE+2011-2012+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+AND+AMENDMENT+16-5+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+TO+UPDATE+EXISTING+REBUILDING+PLANS+AND+ADOPT+A+REBUILDING+PLAN+FOR+PETRALE+SOLE%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=HARVEST+SPECIFICATIONS+AND+MANAGEMENT+MEASURES+FOR+THE+2011-2012+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+AND+AMENDMENT+16-5+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+TO+UPDATE+EXISTING+REBUILDING+PLANS+AND+ADOPT+A+REBUILDING+PLAN+FOR+PETRALE+SOLE%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Preparation date: August 18, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - HARVEST SPECIFICATIONS AND MANAGEMENT MEASURES FOR THE 2011-2012 PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY AND AMENDMENT 16-5 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN TO UPDATE EXISTING REBUILDING PLANS AND ADOPT A REBUILDING PLAN FOR PETRALE SOLE, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA. AN - 758977662; 14585 AB - PURPOSE: The implementation of harvest specifications, including annual catch limits (ACLs) for calendar years 2011 and 2012 for species managed under the Pacific Coast Groundfish Fishery Management Plan (FMP), and management measures that constrain total fishing mortality to these ACLs or achieve other management objectives are proposed. Seven Pacific Coast groundfish species (bocaccio, canary rockfish, cowcod, darkblotched rockfish, Pacific ocean perch, widow rockfish, and yelloweye rockfish) are currently managed under rebuilding plans. The proposed action includes a rebuilding plan for the eighth species, petrale sole. Harvest specifications were developed consistent with the framework proposed under Amendment 23, which the Pacific Fishery Management Council adopted concurrently with this action but has not yet been approved by the National Marine Fisheries Service. Specifications include the overfishing limit, acceptable biological catch, and annual catch limit (ACL) for each managed stock or stock complex. Accountability measures (AMs) are management controls to prevent the ACL from being exceeded. Optionally, an annual catch target (ACT), which is an AM, may be identified below the ACL in order to reduce the risk of an ACL being exceeded. Based on new or updated stock assessments, the Council considered changes to the existing seven rebuilding plans. New stock assessments and rebuilding analyses revealed that for four of the overfished species, the current harvest rate policy results in a re-estimated median year to rebuild earlier than the current target year; these species are ahead of schedule. For canary rockfish, Pacific ocean perch, and yelloweye rockfish the re-estimated median year to rebuild the stock is later than the current target year (i.e., the stock is not predicted to rebuild by current target year with at least a 50 percent probability). In the case of yelloweye rockfish, the new rebuilding analysis indicates rebuilding is slightly behind schedule. Alternative ACLs are integrated with management measures into four action alternatives analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative represents the continuation of 2010 Optimum Yields and the management measures currently specified in regulations into the next biennial period. The final preferred alternative (FPA) is consistent with current rebuilding policies, while Alternatives 1 and 2 generally propose more aggressive rebuilding strategies. Alternative 3, which was the Councils preliminary preferred alternative, contains the same harvest specifications as the FPA, except for darkblotched rockfish and the specification of ACTs for Pacific ocean perch and yelloweye under the FPA. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would help to conserve and manage Pacific Coast groundfish fishery resources to prevent overfishing, to rebuild overfished stocks, to ensure conservation, to facilitate long-term protection of essential fish habitats, and to realize the full potential of the Nations fishery resources. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Changes in catch could result in changes to the ecosystem's food web. Changes in location of catch and type of gear used could result in changes to the amount and kind of essential fish habitat impacted. Fishing community incomes would be impacted compared with the No Action Alternative, although reductions could probably be accommodated without causing severe disruption. Under the FPA, total 2011 revenues are projected to be $2.8 million lower than with No Action. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100331, 970 pages, August 18, 2010 PY - 2010 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/758977662?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-08-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=HARVEST+SPECIFICATIONS+AND+MANAGEMENT+MEASURES+FOR+THE+2011-2012+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+AND+AMENDMENT+16-5+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+TO+UPDATE+EXISTING+REBUILDING+PLANS+AND+ADOPT+A+REBUILDING+PLAN+FOR+PETRALE+SOLE%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=HARVEST+SPECIFICATIONS+AND+MANAGEMENT+MEASURES+FOR+THE+2011-2012+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+AND+AMENDMENT+16-5+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+TO+UPDATE+EXISTING+REBUILDING+PLANS+AND+ADOPT+A+REBUILDING+PLAN+FOR+PETRALE+SOLE%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Preparation date: August 18, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrodynamics of a ship/whale collision AN - 815533284; 13367081 AB - All endangered large whale species are vulnerable to collisions with large ships; and "ship strikes" are the greatest known threat to one of the world's rarest whales, the North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis). The magnitude of this threat is likely to increase as maritime commerce expands. Factors influencing the incidence and severity of ship strikes are not well understood, although vessel speed appears to be a strong contributor. The purpose of this study was to characterize the hydrodynamic effects near a moving hull that may cause a whale to be drawn to or repelled from the hull, and to assess the accelerations exerted on a whale at the time of impact. Using scale models of a container ship and a right whale in experimental flow tanks, we assessed hydrodynamic effects and measured accelerations experienced by the whale model in the presence of a moving vessel. Accelerations at impact were measured while the whale was at the surface, for various vessel speeds, orientations of the whale relative to the vessel path, and distances off the direct path of the vessel. Accelerations experienced by the whale model in a collision: increased in magnitude with increasing ship speed; were not dependent on whale orientation to the vessel path; and decreased exponentially with increasing separation distances from the ship track. Subsequent experiments with the whale model submerged at one to two times the ship's draft indicated a pronounced propeller suction effect, a drawing of the whale toward the hull, and increased probability of propeller strikes resulting from this class of encounter. Measured accelerations are a proxy for impact severity, but do not constitute a detailed study of injury mechanism in a living animal, though they may help inform future work. We present a heuristic map of the hydrodynamic field around a transiting hull likely involved in close whale/vessel encounters. These results may have bearing on policy decisions, particularly those involving vessel speed, aimed at protecting large whales from ship strikes worldwide. JF - Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology AU - Silber, Gregory K AU - Slutsky, Jonathan AU - Bettridge, Shannon AD - Office of Protected Resources, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA 1315 East-West Highway, F/PR2, SSMC III, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA, greg.silber@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/08/15/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 15 SP - 10 EP - 19 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 391 IS - 1-2 SN - 0022-0981, 0022-0981 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Ships KW - Containers KW - Hydrodynamics KW - Injuries KW - Orientation behaviour KW - whales KW - Models KW - Accidents KW - scale models KW - Propellers KW - Eubalaena glacialis KW - Marine KW - Policies KW - Hulls KW - Rare species KW - AN, North Atlantic KW - Acceleration KW - Marine mammals KW - Problem solving KW - vulnerability KW - Cetacea KW - Q2 09148:Palaeo-studies KW - O 7090:Instruments/Equipment KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - Q1 08567:Fishery oceanography and limnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/815533284?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Experimental+Marine+Biology+and+Ecology&rft.atitle=Hydrodynamics+of+a+ship%2Fwhale+collision&rft.au=Silber%2C+Gregory+K%3BSlutsky%2C+Jonathan%3BBettridge%2C+Shannon&rft.aulast=Silber&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2010-08-15&rft.volume=391&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Experimental+Marine+Biology+and+Ecology&rft.issn=00220981&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jembe.2010.05.013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ships; Policies; Accidents; Marine mammals; Hulls; Rare species; Propellers; Acceleration; Orientation behaviour; Injuries; Hydrodynamics; Problem solving; Models; Containers; scale models; vulnerability; whales; Cetacea; Eubalaena glacialis; AN, North Atlantic; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2010.05.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Domoic acid and human exposure risks: A review AN - 760210824; 13204164 AB - Domoic acid is a potent neurotoxin that is naturally produced by several diatom species of the genus Pseudo-nitzschia. The toxin acts as a glutamate agonist and is excitotoxic in the vertebrate central nervous system and other glutamate receptor-rich organs. Human exposure to domoic acid occurs via the consumption of contaminated shellfish that have accumulated the toxin while filter feeding on toxigenic phytoplankton during blooms. The first reported human domoic acid poisoning event occurred in Canada in 1987 during which clinical signs of acute toxicity such as gastrointestinal distress, confusion, disorientation, memory loss, coma and death were observed. The illness was named amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP) and due to effective seafood monitoring programs there have been no documented ASP cases since 1987. However, domoic acid poisoning has a significant effect on marine wildlife and multiple poisoning events have occurred in marine birds and mammals over the last few decades. Currently, domoic acid producing diatom blooms are thought to be increasing in frequency world wide, posing an increasing threat to wildlife and human health. Of particular concern are the potential impacts of long-term low-level exposure in "at risk" human populations. The impacts of repetitive low-level domoic acid exposure are currently unknown. This review provides a basic description of the mechanism of action of domoic acid as well as a synthesis of information pertaining to domoic acid exposure routes, toxin susceptibility, and the importance of effective monitoring programs. The importance of investigating the potential human health impacts of long-term low-level domoic acid exposure in "at risk" human populations is also discussed. JF - Toxicon AU - Lefebvre, Kathi A AU - Robertson, Alison AD - NOAA Fisheries, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Marine Biotoxins Program, 2725 Montlake Blvd. East, Seattle, WA 98112, United States, kathi.lefebvre@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/08/15/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 15 SP - 218 EP - 230 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK VL - 56 IS - 2 SN - 0041-0101, 0041-0101 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Harmful algal blooms KW - Amnesic shellfish poisoning KW - Domoic acid KW - Seafood safety KW - Chronic exposure KW - Excitotoxicity KW - Review KW - Algal blooms KW - Central nervous system KW - Toxicants KW - Bacillariophyceae KW - Diatoms KW - Phytoplankton KW - Acute toxicity KW - Risks KW - Public health KW - Memory KW - Seafood KW - Feeding KW - Wildlife KW - Poisoning KW - Toxicity KW - Coma KW - Filters KW - Canada KW - Literature reviews KW - Glutamic acid KW - Pseudo-nitzschia KW - Neurotoxins KW - K 03410:Animal Diseases KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - X 24320:Food Additives & Contaminants KW - Q1 08481:Productivity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/760210824?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicon&rft.atitle=Domoic+acid+and+human+exposure+risks%3A+A+review&rft.au=Lefebvre%2C+Kathi+A%3BRobertson%2C+Alison&rft.aulast=Lefebvre&rft.aufirst=Kathi&rft.date=2010-08-15&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=218&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicon&rft.issn=00410101&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.toxicon.2009.05.034 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Central nervous system; Algal blooms; Literature reviews; Toxicants; Phytoplankton; Seafood; Toxicity; Risks; Public health; Feeding; Domoic acid; Wildlife; Poisoning; Diatoms; Acute toxicity; Filters; Coma; Memory; Glutamic acid; Neurotoxins; Amnesic shellfish poisoning; Excitotoxicity; Bacillariophyceae; Pseudo-nitzschia; Canada DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2009.05.034 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The combined effects of ocean acidification, mixing, and respiration on pH and carbonate saturation in an urbanized estuary AN - 851473144; 14265327 AB - Puget Sound is a large estuary complex in the U.S. Pacific Northwest that is home to a diverse and economically important ecosystem threatened by anthropogenic impacts associated with climate change, urbanization, and ocean acidification. While ocean acidification has been studied in oceanic waters, little is known regarding its status in estuaries. Anthropogenically acidified coastal waters upwelling along the western North American continental margin can enter Puget Sound through the Strait of Juan de Fuca. In order to study the combined effects of ocean acidification and other natural and anthropogenic processes on Puget Sound waters, we made the first inorganic carbon measurements in this estuary on two survey cruises in February and August of 2008. Observed pH and aragonite saturation state values in surface and subsurface waters were substantially lower in parts of Puget Sound than would be expected from anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) uptake alone. We estimate that ocean acidification can account for 24-49% of the pH decrease in the deep waters of the Hood Canal sub-basin of Puget Sound relative to estimated pre-industrial values. The remaining change in pH between when seawater enters the sound and when it reaches this deep basin results from remineralization of organic matter due to natural or anthropogenically stimulated respiration processes within Puget Sound. Over time, however, the relative impact of ocean acidification could increase significantly, accounting for 49-82% of the pH decrease in subsurface waters for a doubling of atmospheric CO2. These changes may have profound impacts on the Puget Sound ecosystem over the next several decades. These estimates suggest that the role ocean acidification will play in estuaries may be different from the open ocean. JF - Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science AU - Feely, Richard A AU - Alin, Simone R AU - Newton, Jan AU - Sabine, Christopher L AU - Warner, Mark AU - Devol, Allan AU - Krembs, Christopher AU - Maloy, Carol AD - Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory/NOAA, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115, USA, richard.a.feely@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/08/10/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 10 SP - 442 EP - 449 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 88 IS - 4 SN - 0272-7714, 0272-7714 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Upwelling KW - Climatic changes KW - Basins KW - Deep water KW - Remineralization KW - Marine environment KW - Sound KW - pH effects KW - pH KW - anthropogenic factors KW - Estuaries KW - Brackish KW - Coastal waters KW - Canals KW - Carbon dioxide KW - carbonates KW - Urbanization KW - Surface water KW - Respiration KW - Climate change KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - INE, USA, Washington, Puget Sound, Hood Canal KW - Carbon KW - Acidification KW - Oceanographic cruise data KW - Organic matter KW - Oceans KW - INE, USA, Washington, Puget Sound KW - Subsurface water KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08567:Fishery oceanography and limnology KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/851473144?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuarine%2C+Coastal+and+Shelf+Science&rft.atitle=The+combined+effects+of+ocean+acidification%2C+mixing%2C+and+respiration+on+pH+and+carbonate+saturation+in+an+urbanized+estuary&rft.au=Feely%2C+Richard+A%3BAlin%2C+Simone+R%3BNewton%2C+Jan%3BSabine%2C+Christopher+L%3BWarner%2C+Mark%3BDevol%2C+Allan%3BKrembs%2C+Christopher%3BMaloy%2C+Carol&rft.aulast=Feely&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2010-08-10&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=442&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuarine%2C+Coastal+and+Shelf+Science&rft.issn=02727714&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ecss.2010.05.004 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Urbanization; Upwelling; Respiration; Estuaries; Anthropogenic factors; Acidification; Carbon dioxide; Subsurface water; Deep water; Organic matter; Climatic changes; Basins; Coastal waters; Canals; Remineralization; Carbon; Marine environment; Oceans; Sound; pH effects; carbonates; Climate change; Oceanographic cruise data; Surface water; anthropogenic factors; pH; INE, USA, Washington, Puget Sound, Hood Canal; INE, USA, Washington, Puget Sound; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2010.05.004 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inorganic and organic nitrogen uptake by phytoplankton and heterotrophic bacteria in the stratified Mid-Atlantic Bight AN - 787049322; 13218319 AB - Little is known about the relative importance of inorganic and organic nitrogen (N) sources in fueling production of phytoplankton versus heterotrophic bacteria on the continental shelf. This issue was addressed during two diel experiments conducted in the Mid-Atlantic Bight at the Long-term Ecosystem Observatory, LEO-15, off southern New Jersey. Uptake of 15N-labeled ammonium (NH4 super(+)), nitrate (NO3 super(-)), and nitrite (NO2 super(-)), and dual-labeled (15N and 13C) urea and dissolved free amino acids was measured in water taken from the surface and bottom mixed layers approximately every 4h over two 24h periods in July 2002. Two methods were used to quantify 15N uptake rates: (1) traditional filtration into various phytoplankton and bacterial size classes, and (2) flow cytometric (FCM) sorting of autotrophic cells based on the presence of chlorophyll autofluorescence. Due to a strong pycnocline, the nutrient composition was quite distinct between the surface and bottom mixed layers. Dissolved organic N (DON) comprised >99% of the total dissolved N (TDN) pool in surface waters, whereas the bottom-water TDN pool was roughly divided between NH4 super(+), NO3 super(-), and DON. Urea was the dominant N form used by all fractions at the surface, and although phytoplankton >3 mu m was responsible for most of the urea uptake, bacterial use was detected using stable isotopes and also suggested by ureC sequence analysis. The majority of ureC sequences recovered from the 0.2-0.8 mu m fraction belonged to members of the Alphaproteobacteria (46%), whereas those of the 0.8-3.0 mu m size class consisted primarily of Cyanobacteria (70%). In contrast to the surface, N uptake in the bottom layer was dominated by NH4 super(+). The bacterial fraction was responsible for 20-49% of the size-fractionated NH4 super(+) and NO3a uptake in surface samples and 36-93% at the bottom. These results suggest that organic N, such as urea, is a viable source of N nutrition to phytoplankton forced to compete with heterotrophic bacteria for limited inorganic N. JF - Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science AU - Bradley, Paul B AU - Sanderson, Marta P AU - Frischer, Marc E AU - Brofft, Jennifer AU - Booth, Melissa G AU - Kerkhof, Lee J AU - Bronk, Deborah A AD - Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William & Mary, P.O. Box 1346, Gloucester Point, VA 23062, USA, paul.bradley@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/08/10/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 10 SP - 429 EP - 441 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 88 IS - 4 SN - 0272-7714, 0272-7714 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Chlorophyll KW - Bottom mixed layer KW - Pools KW - Phytoplankton KW - Nutrients KW - Primary production KW - Flow cytometry KW - urea KW - Absorption KW - Ammonium compounds KW - Amino acids KW - Bights KW - Brackish KW - Nitrites KW - Uptake KW - Nitrogen isotopes KW - Nitrogen KW - Amino acid sequence KW - Heterotrophic Bacteria KW - Ureas KW - Surface water KW - Urea KW - pycnoclines KW - Nutrition KW - Nitrogen Compounds KW - Brackishwater environment KW - organic nitrogen KW - Organic nitrogen KW - Filtration KW - Cyanobacteria KW - ANW, USA, New Jersey KW - ANW, USA, Mid-Atlantic Bight KW - Heterotrophic bacteria KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - Q2 09185:Organic compounds KW - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics KW - O 1010:Viruses, Bacteria, Protists, Fungi and Plants KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/787049322?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuarine%2C+Coastal+and+Shelf+Science&rft.atitle=Inorganic+and+organic+nitrogen+uptake+by+phytoplankton+and+heterotrophic+bacteria+in+the+stratified+Mid-Atlantic+Bight&rft.au=Bradley%2C+Paul+B%3BSanderson%2C+Marta+P%3BFrischer%2C+Marc+E%3BBrofft%2C+Jennifer%3BBooth%2C+Melissa+G%3BKerkhof%2C+Lee+J%3BBronk%2C+Deborah+A&rft.aulast=Bradley&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2010-08-10&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=429&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuarine%2C+Coastal+and+Shelf+Science&rft.issn=02727714&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ecss.2010.02.001 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bottom mixed layer; Organic nitrogen; Brackishwater environment; Phytoplankton; Uptake; Nitrogen isotopes; Primary production; Ammonium compounds; Amino acid sequence; Flow cytometry; Chlorophyll; Amino acids; Surface water; Heterotrophic bacteria; pycnoclines; Urea; Nitrogen; Filtration; Nitrites; urea; organic nitrogen; Nitrogen Compounds; Heterotrophic Bacteria; Ureas; Bights; Absorption; Pools; Nutrients; Nutrition; Cyanobacteria; ANW, USA, New Jersey; ANW, USA, Mid-Atlantic Bight; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2010.02.001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Economic optimisation of wildfire intervention activities AN - 755138011; 13638354 AB - We describe how two important tools of wildfire management, wildfire prevention education and prescribed fire for fuels management, can be coordinated to minimise the combination of management costs and expected societal losses resulting from wildland fire. We present a long-run model that accounts for the dynamics of wildfire, the effects of fuels management on wildfire ignition risk and area burned, and the effects of wildfire prevention education on the ignition risk of human-caused, unintentional wildfires. Based on wildfire management activities in Florida from 2002 to 2007, we find that although wildfire prevention education and prescribed fire have different effects on timing and types of fires, the optimal solution is to increase both interventions. Prescribed fire affects whole landscapes and therefore reduces losses from all wildfire types (including lightning), whereas wildfire prevention education reduces only human-caused ignitions. However, prescribed fire offers a longer-term solution with little short-term flexibility. Wildfire prevention education programs, by comparison, are more flexible, both in time and space, and can respond to unexpected outbreaks, but with limited mitigation longevity. Only when used together in a coordinated effort do we find the costs and losses from unintentional wildfires are minimised. JF - International Journal of Wildland Fire AU - Butry, David T AU - Prestemon, Jeffrey P AU - Abt, Karen L AU - Sutphen, Ronda AD - Office of Applied Economics, Building and Fire Research Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 8603, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8603, USA Y1 - 2010/08/09/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 09 SP - 659 EP - 672 PB - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia VL - 19 IS - 5 SN - 1049-8001, 1049-8001 KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - wildfire KW - Fires KW - USA, Florida KW - Fuels KW - Intervention KW - Education KW - wildland fire KW - Prevention KW - Wildfire KW - intervention KW - Economics KW - prevention KW - H 6000:Natural Disasters/Civil Defense/Emergency Management KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/755138011?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Wildland+Fire&rft.atitle=Economic+optimisation+of+wildfire+intervention+activities&rft.au=Butry%2C+David+T%3BPrestemon%2C+Jeffrey+P%3BAbt%2C+Karen+L%3BSutphen%2C+Ronda&rft.aulast=Butry&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2010-08-09&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=659&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Wildland+Fire&rft.issn=10498001&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FWF09090 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fires; wildfire; Prevention; wildland fire; Education; Wildfire; Fuels; intervention; Economics; prevention; Intervention; USA, Florida DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/WF09090 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - CORAL RESTORATION IN THE FLORIDA KEYS AND FLOWER GARDEN BANKS NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARIES. AN - 755143116; 14571 AB - PURPOSE: Measures to restore coral reef habitat in the Gulf of Mexico waters of the National Marine Sanctuary System are described and assessed. Coral reefs serve as habitat and a source of food for numerous species of plants and animals, including federally protected fish and shellfish species, and the viability of the recreational and commercial fishing sectors depends on healthy reef communities. Reefs also function as storm barriers and associated seagrass beds and mangroves serve as natural filters to reduce sediment levels in seawater. The sanctuaries intended to benefit from these measures would include the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (NMS) and the Flower Garden Banks NMS. The former, located seaward of the Florida Keys is one of the largest bank-barrier reef systems in the world. Ranging in depth from just below the surface to a meter, the reef extends 356 kilometers from Miami to the Tortugas region. Flower Garden Banks NMS, located 70 to 110 miles off the coasts of Texas and Louisiana, constitutes the northernmost coral banks in the United States and serves as a reservoir of shallow water Caribbean reef fishes and invertebrates. The Banks are surface expressions of salt domes dating back to170 million years ago. The sanctuaries are premier recreational destinations and support significant commercial fisheries. This programmatic EIS process addresses the current technologies available for effective restoration of coral to provide a basis for the selection and implementation of action when necessary. Techniques considered in this final EIS include debris and vessel removal, sediment and rubble removal, substrate stabilization, placement of boulders and preformed modules, placement of revetment mats, and reattachment and transplantation of coral. In many cases, a combination of techniques may be employed for a single restoration effort. The program would not cover restoration techniques for injuries to coral resulting from oil spills or hazardous substance releases. The proposing agency, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, does not typically undertake coral restoration after major storm events such as hurricanes, with the exception of removal of grounded or abandoned vessels and marine debris such as lobster or stone crab traps. POSITIVE IMPACTS: In the long-term, the selected techniques would re-establish natural coral reef habitat, which is essential to the maintenance of homeostasis within the world marine ecosystem. Environmental review of restoration projects would be streamlined and the critical ecological and economic functions of coral communities would be protected, enhanced, and expanded. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: The proposed actions would address just a small percentage of the natural and anthropogenic impacts currently affecting coral communities. LEGAL MANDATES: Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Protection Act of 1990 and National Marine Sanctuaries Act (16 U.S.C. 1431 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 08-0355D, Volume 32, Number 3. JF - EPA number: 100317, 109 pages, August 5, 2010 PY - 2010 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Corals KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Fish KW - Fisheries KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Marine Systems KW - Preserves KW - Recreation Resources KW - Reefs KW - Vegetation KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Florida KW - Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary KW - Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Louisiana KW - Texas KW - Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Protection Act of 1990, Compliance KW - National Marine Sanctuaries Act, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/755143116?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-08-05&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=CORAL+RESTORATION+IN+THE+FLORIDA+KEYS+AND+FLOWER+GARDEN+BANKS+NATIONAL+MARINE+SANCTUARIES.&rft.title=CORAL+RESTORATION+IN+THE+FLORIDA+KEYS+AND+FLOWER+GARDEN+BANKS+NATIONAL+MARINE+SANCTUARIES.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-23 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: August 5, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Identifying parameters to describe local land-atmosphere coupling T2 - 19th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence AN - 1313026659; 6032459 JF - 19th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence AU - Ek, M. AU - Jacobs, C AU - Santanello, J AU - Tuinenburg, O Y1 - 2010/08/02/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 02 KW - Meteorology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313026659?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=19th+Symposium+on+Boundary+Layers+and+Turbulence&rft.atitle=Identifying+parameters+to+describe+local+land-atmosphere+coupling&rft.au=Ek%2C+M.%3BJacobs%2C+C%3BSantanello%2C+J%3BTuinenburg%2C+O&rft.aulast=Ek&rft.aufirst=M.&rft.date=2010-08-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=19th+Symposium+on+Boundary+Layers+and+Turbulence&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/19Ag19BLT9Urban/techprogram/programexpanded_637.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Investigation of Long-Term Impacts of Urbanization when Considering Global Warming for a Coastal Tropical Region T2 - Ninth Symposium on the Urban Environment AN - 1313021434; 6032624 JF - Ninth Symposium on the Urban Environment AU - Gonzalez, Jorge AU - Comarazamy, D AU - Luvall, J AU - Rickman, D AU - Smith, T Y1 - 2010/08/02/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 02 KW - Urbanization KW - Climatic changes KW - Global warming KW - Tropical environments KW - Greenhouse gases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313021434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Ninth+Symposium+on+the+Urban+Environment&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+Long-Term+Impacts+of+Urbanization+when+Considering+Global+Warming+for+a+Coastal+Tropical+Region&rft.au=Gonzalez%2C+Jorge%3BComarazamy%2C+D%3BLuvall%2C+J%3BRickman%2C+D%3BSmith%2C+T&rft.aulast=Gonzalez&rft.aufirst=Jorge&rft.date=2010-08-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ninth+Symposium+on+the+Urban+Environment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/19Ag19BLT9Urban/techprogram/programexpanded_639.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Annual variability of boundary layer height and its correlation to surface meteorological variables in the California valley T2 - 19th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence AN - 1313019719; 6032555 JF - 19th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence AU - Bianco, Laura AU - Djalalova, I AU - King, C AU - Wilczak, J Y1 - 2010/08/02/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 02 KW - USA, California KW - Boundary layers KW - valleys KW - Meteorology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313019719?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=19th+Symposium+on+Boundary+Layers+and+Turbulence&rft.atitle=Annual+variability+of+boundary+layer+height+and+its+correlation+to+surface+meteorological+variables+in+the+California+valley&rft.au=Bianco%2C+Laura%3BDjalalova%2C+I%3BKing%2C+C%3BWilczak%2C+J&rft.aulast=Bianco&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.date=2010-08-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=19th+Symposium+on+Boundary+Layers+and+Turbulence&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/19Ag19BLT9Urban/techprogram/programexpanded_637.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Trademarking Intellctual Property T2 - 2010 Annual Conference of the American Society for Horticultural Science (ASHS 2010) AN - 1313004456; 6023264 JF - 2010 Annual Conference of the American Society for Horticultural Science (ASHS 2010) AU - Rodriguez, John Y1 - 2010/08/02/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 02 KW - Agriculture KW - Food sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313004456?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+Annual+Conference+of+the+American+Society+for+Horticultural+Science+%28ASHS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Trademarking+Intellctual+Property&rft.au=Rodriguez%2C+John&rft.aulast=Rodriguez&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2010-08-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+Annual+Conference+of+the+American+Society+for+Horticultural+Science+%28ASHS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ashs.org/downloads/2010_conference-program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Retrieval of cloud microphysical and turbulence profiles using the NOAA/PSD W-band cloud radar from R/V Ronald H. Brown during the VOCALS-REx field program T2 - 19th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence AN - 1312976922; 6032437 JF - 19th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence AU - Fairall, Christopher AU - de Szoeke, S. AU - Brewer, W AU - Zuidema, P AU - Ghate, V Y1 - 2010/08/02/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 02 KW - Clouds KW - Radar KW - Turbulence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312976922?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=19th+Symposium+on+Boundary+Layers+and+Turbulence&rft.atitle=Retrieval+of+cloud+microphysical+and+turbulence+profiles+using+the+NOAA%2FPSD+W-band+cloud+radar+from+R%2FV+Ronald+H.+Brown+during+the+VOCALS-REx+field+program&rft.au=Fairall%2C+Christopher%3Bde+Szoeke%2C+S.%3BBrewer%2C+W%3BZuidema%2C+P%3BGhate%2C+V&rft.aulast=Fairall&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2010-08-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=19th+Symposium+on+Boundary+Layers+and+Turbulence&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/19Ag19BLT9Urban/techprogram/programexpanded_637.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Role of Aerosols on Precipitation for the New York Metro Region T2 - Ninth Symposium on the Urban Environment AN - 1312970774; 6032575 JF - Ninth Symposium on the Urban Environment AU - Gonzalez, Jorge AU - Hosannah, N AU - Gross, B Y1 - 2010/08/02/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 02 KW - USA, New York KW - Aerosols KW - Precipitation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312970774?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Ninth+Symposium+on+the+Urban+Environment&rft.atitle=The+Role+of+Aerosols+on+Precipitation+for+the+New+York+Metro+Region&rft.au=Gonzalez%2C+Jorge%3BHosannah%2C+N%3BGross%2C+B&rft.aulast=Gonzalez&rft.aufirst=Jorge&rft.date=2010-08-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ninth+Symposium+on+the+Urban+Environment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/19Ag19BLT9Urban/techprogram/programexpanded_639.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A moist vertical turbulence mixing parameterization in the NCEP GFS T2 - 19th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence AN - 1312967701; 6032536 JF - 19th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence AU - Han, Jongil AU - Pan, H Y1 - 2010/08/02/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 02 KW - Turbulence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312967701?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=19th+Symposium+on+Boundary+Layers+and+Turbulence&rft.atitle=A+moist+vertical+turbulence+mixing+parameterization+in+the+NCEP+GFS&rft.au=Han%2C+Jongil%3BPan%2C+H&rft.aulast=Han&rft.aufirst=Jongil&rft.date=2010-08-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=19th+Symposium+on+Boundary+Layers+and+Turbulence&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/19Ag19BLT9Urban/techprogram/programexpanded_637.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Impacts of cloud microphysics and surface characteristics on the Arctic cloud-atmospheric boundary layer-surface (CAS) system in observations and WRF simulations T2 - 19th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence AN - 1312966902; 6032511 JF - 19th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence AU - Persson, P AU - Solomon, A AU - Shupe, M AU - Morrison, H AU - Birch, C Y1 - 2010/08/02/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 02 KW - Arctic KW - Polar environments KW - Simulation KW - Clouds KW - Boundaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312966902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=19th+Symposium+on+Boundary+Layers+and+Turbulence&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+cloud+microphysics+and+surface+characteristics+on+the+Arctic+cloud-atmospheric+boundary+layer-surface+%28CAS%29+system+in+observations+and+WRF+simulations&rft.au=Persson%2C+P%3BSolomon%2C+A%3BShupe%2C+M%3BMorrison%2C+H%3BBirch%2C+C&rft.aulast=Persson&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2010-08-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=19th+Symposium+on+Boundary+Layers+and+Turbulence&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/19Ag19BLT9Urban/techprogram/programexpanded_637.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Outlier problem for gradient-based scaling in the stable boundary layer T2 - 19th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence AN - 1312961804; 6032561 JF - 19th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence AU - Grachev, Andrey AU - Andreas, E AU - Fairall, C AU - Guest, P AU - Persson, P Y1 - 2010/08/02/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 02 KW - scaling KW - Boundary layers KW - Scaling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312961804?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=19th+Symposium+on+Boundary+Layers+and+Turbulence&rft.atitle=Outlier+problem+for+gradient-based+scaling+in+the+stable+boundary+layer&rft.au=Grachev%2C+Andrey%3BAndreas%2C+E%3BFairall%2C+C%3BGuest%2C+P%3BPersson%2C+P&rft.aulast=Grachev&rft.aufirst=Andrey&rft.date=2010-08-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=19th+Symposium+on+Boundary+Layers+and+Turbulence&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/19Ag19BLT9Urban/techprogram/programexpanded_637.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Litter and soil respiration in a mixed hardwood forest in eastern Tennessee T2 - 29th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology AN - 1312961642; 6032329 JF - 29th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology AU - Kochendorfer, John AU - Heuer, M AU - Sloop, K AU - Wilson, T AU - Meyers, T Y1 - 2010/08/02/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 02 KW - USA, Tennessee KW - Soil KW - Respiration KW - Forests KW - hardwoods KW - Litter KW - Hardwoods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312961642?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=29th+Conference+on+Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Litter+and+soil+respiration+in+a+mixed+hardwood+forest+in+eastern+Tennessee&rft.au=Kochendorfer%2C+John%3BHeuer%2C+M%3BSloop%2C+K%3BWilson%2C+T%3BMeyers%2C+T&rft.aulast=Kochendorfer&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2010-08-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=29th+Conference+on+Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/19Ag19BLT9Urban/techprogram/programexpanded_636.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Field Estimates of Sonic Anemometer Angle of Attack Errors T2 - 29th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology AN - 1312961448; 6032328 JF - 29th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology AU - Meyers, Tilden AU - Kochendorfer, J AU - Heuer, M Y1 - 2010/08/02/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 02 KW - Measuring instruments KW - Anemometers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312961448?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=29th+Conference+on+Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Field+Estimates+of+Sonic+Anemometer+Angle+of+Attack+Errors&rft.au=Meyers%2C+Tilden%3BKochendorfer%2C+J%3BHeuer%2C+M&rft.aulast=Meyers&rft.aufirst=Tilden&rft.date=2010-08-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=29th+Conference+on+Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/19Ag19BLT9Urban/techprogram/programexpanded_636.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Modeling of boundary layer processes affecting ozone in the complex terrains of California during PreCalNex 2009 field campaign T2 - 29th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology AN - 1312951092; 6032391 JF - 29th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology AU - Kim, S.-W. AU - Lee, S. -. H. AU - Angevine, W AU - Trainer, M AU - Senff, C AU - Langford, A AU - Alvarez, R AU - Banta, R AU - Hardesty, R Y1 - 2010/08/02/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 02 KW - USA, California KW - Ozone KW - Boundary layers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312951092?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=29th+Conference+on+Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Modeling+of+boundary+layer+processes+affecting+ozone+in+the+complex+terrains+of+California+during+PreCalNex+2009+field+campaign&rft.au=Kim%2C+S.-W.%3BLee%2C+S.+-.+H.%3BAngevine%2C+W%3BTrainer%2C+M%3BSenff%2C+C%3BLangford%2C+A%3BAlvarez%2C+R%3BBanta%2C+R%3BHardesty%2C+R&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=S.-W.&rft.date=2010-08-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=29th+Conference+on+Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/19Ag19BLT9Urban/techprogram/programexpanded_636.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Observational and measurement requirements in the boundary layer for wind energy T2 - 19th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence AN - 1312948731; 6032493 JF - 19th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence AU - Banta, Robert AU - Pichugina, Y AU - Kelley, N AU - Brewer, W AU - Hardesty, R Y1 - 2010/08/02/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 02 KW - wind measurement KW - Wind energy KW - Boundary layers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312948731?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=19th+Symposium+on+Boundary+Layers+and+Turbulence&rft.atitle=Observational+and+measurement+requirements+in+the+boundary+layer+for+wind+energy&rft.au=Banta%2C+Robert%3BPichugina%2C+Y%3BKelley%2C+N%3BBrewer%2C+W%3BHardesty%2C+R&rft.aulast=Banta&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2010-08-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=19th+Symposium+on+Boundary+Layers+and+Turbulence&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/19Ag19BLT9Urban/techprogram/programexpanded_637.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - An investigation of a simulated low-level jet produced by different PBL schemes in the WRF-ARW as verified against tower data T2 - 19th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence AN - 1312948440; 6032504 JF - 19th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence AU - Olson, Joseph AU - Brown, J Y1 - 2010/08/02/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 02 KW - Data processing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312948440?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=19th+Symposium+on+Boundary+Layers+and+Turbulence&rft.atitle=An+investigation+of+a+simulated+low-level+jet+produced+by+different+PBL+schemes+in+the+WRF-ARW+as+verified+against+tower+data&rft.au=Olson%2C+Joseph%3BBrown%2C+J&rft.aulast=Olson&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=2010-08-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=19th+Symposium+on+Boundary+Layers+and+Turbulence&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/19Ag19BLT9Urban/techprogram/programexpanded_637.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Total Energy - Mass Flux PBL scheme in WRF: Experience in real-time forecasts for California T2 - 19th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence AN - 1312947703; 6032538 JF - 19th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence AU - Angevine, Wayne AU - Mauritsen, T Y1 - 2010/08/02/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 02 KW - USA, California KW - Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312947703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=19th+Symposium+on+Boundary+Layers+and+Turbulence&rft.atitle=The+Total+Energy+-+Mass+Flux+PBL+scheme+in+WRF%3A+Experience+in+real-time+forecasts+for+California&rft.au=Angevine%2C+Wayne%3BMauritsen%2C+T&rft.aulast=Angevine&rft.aufirst=Wayne&rft.date=2010-08-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=19th+Symposium+on+Boundary+Layers+and+Turbulence&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/19Ag19BLT9Urban/techprogram/programexpanded_637.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Simulating the effect of surface residue on the energy, water and carbon budgets within and above a temperate deciduous forest T2 - 29th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology AN - 1312944718; 6032270 JF - 29th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology AU - Wilson, Tim AU - Meyers, T AU - Kochendorfer, J AU - Heuer, M AU - Miller, J Y1 - 2010/08/02/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 02 KW - budgets KW - Residues KW - deciduous forests KW - Carbon KW - Energy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312944718?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=29th+Conference+on+Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Simulating+the+effect+of+surface+residue+on+the+energy%2C+water+and+carbon+budgets+within+and+above+a+temperate+deciduous+forest&rft.au=Wilson%2C+Tim%3BMeyers%2C+T%3BKochendorfer%2C+J%3BHeuer%2C+M%3BMiller%2C+J&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft.date=2010-08-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=29th+Conference+on+Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/19Ag19BLT9Urban/techprogram/programexpanded_636.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Flux measurements over heterogeneous surfaces: error estimates and fetch requirements T2 - 29th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology AN - 1312940106; 6032375 JF - 29th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology AU - Kochendorfer, John AU - Paw U, K Y1 - 2010/08/02/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 02 KW - Fetch UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312940106?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=29th+Conference+on+Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Flux+measurements+over+heterogeneous+surfaces%3A+error+estimates+and+fetch+requirements&rft.au=Kochendorfer%2C+John%3BPaw+U%2C+K&rft.aulast=Kochendorfer&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2010-08-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=29th+Conference+on+Agricultural+and+Forest+Meteorology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/19Ag19BLT9Urban/techprogram/programexpanded_636.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Climatological Characteristics of Surface-Based Inversions over the Arctic and Antarctic T2 - 19th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence AN - 1312939752; 6032559 JF - 19th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence AU - Zhang, Yehui AU - Seidel, D AU - Golaz, J AU - Deser, C AU - Tomas, R AU - Kay, J AU - Ao, C. AU - Medeiros, B AU - Park, S Y1 - 2010/08/02/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 02 KW - Arctic KW - Polar environments KW - Inversion KW - Climate UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312939752?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=19th+Symposium+on+Boundary+Layers+and+Turbulence&rft.atitle=Climatological+Characteristics+of+Surface-Based+Inversions+over+the+Arctic+and+Antarctic&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Yehui%3BSeidel%2C+D%3BGolaz%2C+J%3BDeser%2C+C%3BTomas%2C+R%3BKay%2C+J%3BAo%2C+C.%3BMedeiros%2C+B%3BPark%2C+S&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Yehui&rft.date=2010-08-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=19th+Symposium+on+Boundary+Layers+and+Turbulence&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/19Ag19BLT9Urban/techprogram/programexpanded_637.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Investigation of mixing in a coupled air quality and weather prediction model T2 - 19th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence AN - 1312921446; 6032515 JF - 19th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence AU - Djalalova, Irina AU - Grell, E AU - Bao, J Y1 - 2010/08/02/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 02 KW - Air quality KW - prediction models KW - Weather forecasting KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312921446?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=19th+Symposium+on+Boundary+Layers+and+Turbulence&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+mixing+in+a+coupled+air+quality+and+weather+prediction+model&rft.au=Djalalova%2C+Irina%3BGrell%2C+E%3BBao%2C+J&rft.aulast=Djalalova&rft.aufirst=Irina&rft.date=2010-08-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=19th+Symposium+on+Boundary+Layers+and+Turbulence&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/19Ag19BLT9Urban/techprogram/programexpanded_637.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Patterns of Indian Ocean sea-level change in a warming climate AN - 959094335; 2012-033738 JF - Nature Geoscience AU - Han, Weiqing AU - Meehl, Gerald A AU - Rajagopalan, Balaji AU - Fasullo, John T AU - Hu, Aixue AU - Lin, Jialin AU - Large, William G AU - Wang, Jih-wang AU - Quan, Xiao-Wei AU - Trenary, Laurie L AU - Wallcraft, Alan AU - Shinoda, Toshiaki AU - Yeager, Stephen Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - August 2010 SP - 546 EP - 550 PB - Nature Publishing Group, London VL - 3 IS - 8 SN - 1752-0894, 1752-0894 KW - ocean circulation KW - monitoring KW - numerical models KW - statistical analysis KW - global change KW - climate change KW - variations KW - tides KW - sea-level changes KW - Indian Ocean KW - winds KW - meltwater KW - global warming KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/959094335?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Geoscience&rft.atitle=Patterns+of+Indian+Ocean+sea-level+change+in+a+warming+climate&rft.au=Han%2C+Weiqing%3BMeehl%2C+Gerald+A%3BRajagopalan%2C+Balaji%3BFasullo%2C+John+T%3BHu%2C+Aixue%3BLin%2C+Jialin%3BLarge%2C+William+G%3BWang%2C+Jih-wang%3BQuan%2C+Xiao-Wei%3BTrenary%2C+Laurie+L%3BWallcraft%2C+Alan%3BShinoda%2C+Toshiaki%3BYeager%2C+Stephen&rft.aulast=Han&rft.aufirst=Weiqing&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=546&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Geoscience&rft.issn=17520894&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fngeo901 L2 - http://www.nature.com/ngeo/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - climate change; global change; global warming; Indian Ocean; meltwater; monitoring; numerical models; ocean circulation; sea-level changes; statistical analysis; tides; variations; winds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo901 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improvement of the use of MSG and GOES data in the NCEP GDAS AN - 880656013; 14781315 AB - Infrared (IR) observations from Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) on board Meteosat Second Generation (MSG)-2 satellite are assimilated into NCEP global data assimilation system (GDAS). The assimilation of current Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) Imager data was also reinvestigated. The Community Radiative Transfer Model (CRTM) was used as observation operator for the assimilation of SEVIRI radiance observations. The CRTM was enhanced with several critical components for IR radiance assimilation, such as a dynamically-updated land surface emissivity data, as well as fast and accurate gaseous absorption modules. The Global Space-Based Inter-Calibration System (GSICS) calibration corrections were applied to improve the simulation of SEVIRI and GOES Imager radiances. Preliminary results show that inclusions of the SEVIRI radiances at water vapor channels (6.25 and 7.35 micron) and CO2 channel (13.4 micron) in Global Forecast System (GFS) produced significant positive impacts on the six-day forecasts. Assimilation of other five SEVIRI IR window channels in GFS reduces the positive impact. By applying GSICS calibration algorithm to correct SEVIRI and GOES-12 Imager observations biases, the impacts on GFS forecast were improved. Further studies are being carried out to improve the effective assimilation of SEVIRI IR window channels radiances. JF - Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering AU - Zhu, Tong AU - Weng, Fuzhong AU - Liu, Haixia AU - Derber, John AD - CIRA/Colorado State Univ. (USA) and NOAA/NESDIS/STAR (USA) Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 PB - SPIE, P.O. BOX 10 Bellingham WA 98227-0010 USA VL - 7811 SN - 0277-786X, 0277-786X KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Channels KW - Data collection KW - Remote sensing KW - Absorption KW - Simulation KW - water vapor KW - Carbon dioxide KW - radiative transfer KW - Satellites KW - ENA 08:International UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/880656013?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SPIE+-+The+International+Society+for+Optical+Engineering&rft.atitle=Improvement+of+the+use+of+MSG+and+GOES+data+in+the+NCEP+GDAS&rft.au=Zhu%2C+Tong%3BWeng%2C+Fuzhong%3BLiu%2C+Haixia%3BDerber%2C+John&rft.aulast=Zhu&rft.aufirst=Tong&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=7811&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SPIE+-+The+International+Society+for+Optical+Engineering&rft.issn=0277786X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Channels; Data collection; Absorption; Remote sensing; Simulation; water vapor; radiative transfer; Carbon dioxide; Satellites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Impacts of the 9 April 2009 Dust and Smoke on Convection AN - 877577515; 13712095 JF - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society AU - Lindsey, Daniel T AU - Miller, Steven D AU - Grasso, Louie AD - NOAA/NESDIS/STAR/RAMMB, Fort Collins, Colorado Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 SP - 991 EP - 995 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 91 IS - 8 SN - 0003-0007, 0003-0007 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Smoke KW - Convection KW - Convection development KW - American Meteorological Society KW - Dusts KW - Dust KW - M2 551.558:Vertical Air Motion (551.558) KW - SW 0540:Properties of water KW - Q2 09106:Conferences and other meetings KW - O 2070:Meteorology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/877577515?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+American+Meteorological+Society&rft.atitle=The+Impacts+of+the+9+April+2009+Dust+and+Smoke+on+Convection&rft.au=Lindsey%2C+Daniel+T%3BMiller%2C+Steven+D%3BGrasso%2C+Louie&rft.aulast=Lindsey&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=991&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+American+Meteorological+Society&rft.issn=00030007&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010BAMS2964.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Convection; Smoke; Dust; Convection development; American Meteorological Society; Dusts DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010BAMS2964.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optical trapping meets atomic force microscoPD: a precision force microscope for biophysics AN - 875064339; 14780354 AB - Mechanical drift between an atomic force microscope (AFM) tip and sample is a longstanding problem that limits tipsample stability, registration, and the signal-to-noise ratio during imaging. We demonstrate a robust solution to drift that enables novel precision measurements, especially of biological macromolecules in physiologically relevant conditions. Our strategy - inspired by precision optical trapping microscopy - is to actively stabilize both the tip and the sample using locally generated optical signals. In particular, we scatter a laser off the apex of commercial AFM tips and use the scattered light to locally measure and thereby actively control the tip's three-dimensional position above a sample surface with atomic precision in ambient conditions. With this enhanced stability, we overcome the traditional need to scan rapidly while imaging and achieve a 5-fold increase in the image signal-to-noise ratio. Finally, we demonstrate atomic-scale ( 100 pm) tip-sample stability and registration over tens of minutes with a series of AFM images. The stabilization technique requires low laser power (<1 mW), imparts a minimal perturbation upon the cantilever, and is independent of the tip-sample interaction. This work extends atomic-scale tip-sample control, previously restricted to cryogenic temperatures and ultrahigh vacuum, to a wide range of perturbative operating environments. JF - Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering AU - King, Gavin M AU - Churnside, Allison B AU - Perkins, Thomas T AD - National Institute of Standards and Technology (USA) and Univ. of Colorado, Boulder (USA) Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 PB - SPIE, P.O. BOX 10 Bellingham WA 98227-0010 USA VL - 7762 SN - 0277-786X, 0277-786X KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Microscopy KW - Physiology KW - Temperature KW - Lasers KW - ENA 08:International UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/875064339?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SPIE+-+The+International+Society+for+Optical+Engineering&rft.atitle=Optical+trapping+meets+atomic+force+microscoPD%3A+a+precision+force+microscope+for+biophysics&rft.au=King%2C+Gavin+M%3BChurnside%2C+Allison+B%3BPerkins%2C+Thomas+T&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=Gavin&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=7762&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SPIE+-+The+International+Society+for+Optical+Engineering&rft.issn=0277786X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Physiology; Microscopy; Temperature; Lasers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Report on the NIST workshop of December 10, 2009: calibration strategies for bridging possible climate data gaps AN - 869589295; 14781316 AB - A one-day workshop was held on December 10, 2009 at the National Institute of Standards and Technology to address the issue of data gaps in the time series of satellite measurements. Such gaps can occur due to launch delay, launch failure, inconsistencies, or data jumps in radiometric scales between satellites. The presence of such gaps limit the ability of using measurements to detect the small changes in key environmental variables that result from climate change. Leading experts in the Earth Observation community from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Adminstration (NOAA), United States Geological Survey (USGS), and academia attended the meeting to prioritize the calibration strategies for bridging and mitigating satellite data gaps for climate change detection. These strategies include establishing SI traceability for satellite sensor calibration and measurements; continuing improvements in prelaunch, onboard, and vicarious calibrations and transfer standards; establishing celestial standards and procedures for intercomparisons; establishing SI traceability for alternative measurement strategies, such as in-situ networks and airborne sensor campaigns; and leveraging international satellite assets. This paper summarizes the workshop and recommendations. JF - Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering AU - Datla, Raju U AU - Rice, Joseph AU - Cooksey, Catherine AU - Thome, Kurtis J AU - Barnes, Robert A AU - Cao, Changyong AD - National Institute of Standards and Technology (USA) Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - August 2010 PB - SPIE, P.O. BOX 10 Bellingham WA 98227-0010 USA VL - 7811 SN - 0277-786X, 0277-786X KW - Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Sensors KW - time series analysis KW - geological surveys KW - Climate change KW - Remote sensing KW - Time series analysis KW - Satellites KW - USA KW - mitigation KW - Satellite data KW - International standardization KW - Technology KW - Oceanographic data KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/869589295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SPIE+-+The+International+Society+for+Optical+Engineering&rft.atitle=Report+on+the+NIST+workshop+of+December+10%2C+2009%3A+calibration+strategies+for+bridging+possible+climate+data+gaps&rft.au=Datla%2C+Raju+U%3BRice%2C+Joseph%3BCooksey%2C+Catherine%3BThome%2C+Kurtis+J%3BBarnes%2C+Robert+A%3BCao%2C+Changyong&rft.aulast=Datla&rft.aufirst=Raju&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=7811&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SPIE+-+The+International+Society+for+Optical+Engineering&rft.issn=0277786X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Satellite data; Climate change; Time series analysis; Oceanographic data; mitigation; Sensors; time series analysis; geological surveys; Remote sensing; Satellites; Technology; International standardization; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential of using remote sensing for forecasting malaria in Tripura, India AN - 869589244; 14781266 AB - This study examined the relationship between environmental factors and malaria epidemic. The objective is to use NOAA environmental satellite data to produce weather seasonal forecasts as a proxy for predicting malaria epidemics in Tripura, India which has the one of the highest endemic of malaria cases in the country. An algorithm uses the Vegetation Health (VH) Indices (Vegetation Condition Index( VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI)) computed from Advance Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data flown on NOAA afternoon poler orbiting satellite.. A good correlation was found between malaria cases and TCI two months earlier than the malaria transmission period. Principal components regression (PCR) method was used to develop a model to predict malaria as a function of the TCI. The simulated results were compared with observed malaria statistics showing that the error of the estimates of malaria is small. Remote sensing therefore is a valuable tool for estimating malaria well in advance thus preventive measures can be taken. JF - Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering AU - Nizamuddin, Mohammad AU - Roytman, Leonid AU - Goldberg, Mitch AU - Kogan, Felix AD - NOAA/CREST, The City College of New York (USA) Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 PB - SPIE, P.O. BOX 10 Bellingham WA 98227-0010 USA VL - 7809 SN - 0277-786X, 0277-786X KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Statistics KW - Statistical analysis KW - Algorithms KW - Remote sensing KW - Malaria KW - Environmental factors KW - India KW - U.S. satellite, NOAA KW - Radiometers KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer) KW - Regression analysis KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Seasonal variations KW - Temperature effects KW - environmental factors KW - Weather KW - Epidemics KW - Data processing KW - disease transmission KW - India, Tripura KW - Seasonal forecasts KW - Vegetation KW - Satellites KW - Satellite data KW - malaria KW - K 03400:Human Diseases KW - ENA 08:International KW - M2 551.509.1/.5:Forecasting (551.509.1/.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/869589244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SPIE+-+The+International+Society+for+Optical+Engineering&rft.atitle=Potential+of+using+remote+sensing+for+forecasting+malaria+in+Tripura%2C+India&rft.au=Nizamuddin%2C+Mohammad%3BRoytman%2C+Leonid%3BGoldberg%2C+Mitch%3BKogan%2C+Felix&rft.aulast=Nizamuddin&rft.aufirst=Mohammad&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=7809&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SPIE+-+The+International+Society+for+Optical+Engineering&rft.issn=0277786X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Weather; Data processing; Epidemics; Statistics; Remote sensing; Algorithms; Vegetation; Malaria; Satellites; Environmental factors; Regression analysis; Polymerase chain reaction; Radiometers; U.S. satellite, NOAA; Satellite data; AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer); Statistical analysis; Seasonal forecasts; environmental factors; Sulfur dioxide; disease transmission; malaria; Seasonal variations; India, Tripura; India ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupling turbulence-distorted wave front to fiber: wave propagation theory perspective AN - 869585772; 14781384 AB - We use the results of the theory of wave propagation in turbulence to analyze the effects of the atmospheric turbulence on the Free-Space Optical Communication systems under weak and strong scintillation conditions. We found that for the traditional fiber coupling arrangement statistics of the Power-in-Fiber (PIF) is sensitive to the phase fluctuation at the collecting aperture, rather than amplitude fluctuation (scintillation). Larger receiving aperture produces stronger PIF fluctuation. Similar to the scintillation of the sharp focused beams second-order scattering dominates PIF fluctuation for the weak and strong scintillation conditions. This should have serious effect on the probability distribution of the PIF. A new coupling arrangement is suggested that alleviates the destructive effect of the phase fluctuation, and allows the use of large receiving apertures. The trade-off is the decreased coupling efficiency. For our new coupling scheme the PIF fluctuation is determined by the power flux fluctuation through the collecting aperture. This allows taking advantage of the scintillation averaging effect to suppress the fading. We review the results of the rigorous Markov-approximation-based theory of the scintillation averaging that is valid both for a weak and strong scintillation conditions. This technique reveals several distinct regimes of the power flux fluctuation including the situation where fluctuation is relatively small, but is not described by the perturbation (Rytov's) theory. We also show how the energy conservation principle inherent to the wave propagation in the clear air turbulence provides an accelerated rate of the scintillation averaging compare to the typical averaging estimates. JF - Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering AU - Charnotskii, Mikhail AD - Zel Technologies, LLC (USA) and NOAA/Earth System Research Lab. (USA) Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 PB - SPIE, P.O. BOX 10 Bellingham WA 98227-0010 USA VL - 7814 SN - 0277-786X, 0277-786X KW - Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Statistical analysis KW - Energy conservation KW - Wave propagation KW - Atmospheric turbulence KW - Fibers KW - Communications KW - Clear air turbulence KW - Fronts KW - Reviews KW - Scintillation KW - atmospheric turbulence KW - Turbulence KW - M2 551.511:Mechanics and Thermodynamics of the Atmosphere (551.511) KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/869585772?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SPIE+-+The+International+Society+for+Optical+Engineering&rft.atitle=Coupling+turbulence-distorted+wave+front+to+fiber%3A+wave+propagation+theory+perspective&rft.au=Charnotskii%2C+Mikhail&rft.aulast=Charnotskii&rft.aufirst=Mikhail&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=7814&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SPIE+-+The+International+Society+for+Optical+Engineering&rft.issn=0277786X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric turbulence; Clear air turbulence; Fronts; Scintillation; Energy conservation; Statistical analysis; Wave propagation; Fibers; Communications; Reviews; atmospheric turbulence; Turbulence ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bycatch of wintering common and red-throated loons in gillnets off the USA Atlantic coast, 1996-2007 AN - 867738262; 14771845 AB - Common loons Gavia immer and red-throated loons G. stellata winter along the USA Atlantic coast, where fisheries observers have documented interactions with commercial fishing operations, largely coastal gillnets. The red-throated loon is a conservation priority for the US Fish and Wildlife Service, so interest lies in gauging fisheries bycatch relative to population levels. Gillnet fisheries observer data from 1996 to 2007 were used in developing generalized linear models to predict common and red-throated loon bycatch rates and investigate gear characteristics associated with high bycatch rates. The predicted bycatch rates were applied to commercial gillnet effort data to estimate total bycatch during this time period. Bycatch was then compared to a potential biological removal (PBR) measure that was calculated from limited demographic parameters. Factors most commonly associated with the bycatch rates were bottom depth and sea surface temperature. Common loon bycatch rates were higher for strings without spacing between nets versus strings with spacing, and for strings that fished =>24 h versus strings that fished <24 h. Average annual bycatch was 74 (95% CI: 29-189) common loons in the Northeast, and 477 (370-615) common loons and 897 (620-1297) red-throated loons in the Mid-Atlantic. The average red-throated loon bycatch reached about 60% of the PBR measure. This estimated level of bycatch emphasizes that the red-throated loon is a conservation priority, especially considering the unknown level of bycatch in non-oceanic coastal gillnet fisheries and uncertain demographic parameters. JF - Aquatic Biology AU - Warden, Melissa L AD - Integrated Statistics, 16 Sumner Street, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA Contact address: National Marine Fisheries Service, 166 Water Street, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA, melissa.warden@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 SP - 167 EP - 180 PB - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany VL - 10 IS - 2 SN - 1864-7782, 1864-7782 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/867738262?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Biology&rft.atitle=Bycatch+of+wintering+common+and+red-throated+loons+in+gillnets+off+the+USA+Atlantic+coast%2C+1996-2007&rft.au=Warden%2C+Melissa+L&rft.aulast=Warden&rft.aufirst=Melissa&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Biology&rft.issn=18647782&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fab00273 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/ab00273 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupling GPS tracking with dive behavior to examine the relationship between foraging strategy and fine-scale movements of northern fur seals AN - 858423895; 14409188 AB - The foraging strategies of diving marine species are often categorized into 3 fundamental groups (epipelagic, mesopelagic, and benthic foraging) based on diving, habitat use, and diet studies. Because these foraging strategies are influenced by the distribution and behavior of the prey being targeted, we would expect search behavior and space use to differ depending on the strategy employed. Since northern fur seals Callorhinus ursinus display both epipelagic and benthic foraging strategies, they were an ideal model to test the hypothesis that fine-scale movement and space-use patterns will vary when animals use markedly different foraging strategies. Dive bouts were characterized into foraging strategies based on numerous dive parameters (depth, duration, etc.). For each strategy, we compared movement patterns (e.g. transit rate and path straightness) and space use (area-restricted search [ARS] zones) around St. Paul Island, Alaska, USA. Nearly all dive parameters were significantly different between foraging strategies (epipelagic vs. benthic). In addition, epipelagic bouts were more sinuous and covered a greater total distance than benthic bouts. However, the greater distances traveled in epipelagic bouts were due to longer bout durations, as transit rates were not different between the 2 strategies. On average, <2 ARS zones were identified per trip, and the characteristics of epipelagic and benthic ARS zones were not different. By combining dive behavior with precise at-sea locations, this study has provided a greater understanding of the fine-scale foraging behavior of northern fur seals. Monitoring changes in foraging behavior over time and comparing behavior among populations with differing population trajectories may provide more clues as to why northern fur seal numbers on St. Paul Island continue to decline. JF - Endangered Species Research AU - Kuhn, Carey E AU - Tremblay, Yann AU - Ream, Rolf R AU - Gelatt, Thomas S AD - National Marine Mammal Laboratory, Alaska Fisheries Science Center/National Marine Fisheries Service/NOAA, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, Washington 98115, USA, Carey.Kuhn@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 SP - 125 EP - 139 PB - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 1863-5407, 1863-5407 KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Food organisms KW - foraging behavior KW - Diving KW - Habitat selection KW - seals KW - Islands KW - Habitat utilization KW - Callorhinus ursinus KW - Prey KW - USA, Alaska KW - Diets KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Marine KW - Foraging behavior KW - Exploratory behavior KW - prey KW - Habitat KW - Tracking KW - Foraging behaviour KW - Local movements KW - Behavior KW - Marine mammals KW - Endangered species KW - Endangered Species KW - Q1 08421:Migrations and rhythms KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - Y 25030:Foraging and Ingestion KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/858423895?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Endangered+Species+Research&rft.atitle=Coupling+GPS+tracking+with+dive+behavior+to+examine+the+relationship+between+foraging+strategy+and+fine-scale+movements+of+northern+fur+seals&rft.au=Kuhn%2C+Carey+E%3BTremblay%2C+Yann%3BReam%2C+Rolf+R%3BGelatt%2C+Thomas+S&rft.aulast=Kuhn&rft.aufirst=Carey&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Endangered+Species+Research&rft.issn=18635407&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fesr00297 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental monitoring; Food organisms; Local movements; Foraging behaviour; Marine mammals; Habitat selection; Tracking; Endangered Species; Diets; Foraging behavior; Islands; Exploratory behavior; Diving; Endangered species; Habitat utilization; Prey; seals; Behavior; foraging behavior; prey; Habitat; Callorhinus ursinus; USA, Alaska; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr00297 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrogen uptake by phytoplankton and bacteria during an induced Phaeocystis pouchetii bloom, measured using size fractionation and flow cytometric sorting AN - 858423380; 14409044 AB - Uptake of inorganic and organic nitrogen (N) by phytoplankton and bacteria was investigated during a mesocosm study conducted in Raunefjord, Norway in April 2005. One mesocosm was fertilized with nitrate and phosphate at a ratio of 16:1 and maintained in the light, while one unamended light mesocosm served as a control. Dissolved nutrients, phytoplankton and bacterial biomass, and phytoplankton community composition were monitored throughout the 26 d experiment. Uptake of super(15)N-labeled ammonium and nitrate, and dual-labeled ( super(15)N and super(13)C) urea and dissolved free amino acids (DFAA) was measured for phytoplankton and bacteria using 2 methods: size fractionation into 0.2-0.8 and >0.8 mu m size classes, and flow cytometric sorting based on chlorophyll autofluorescence. Prior to fertilization, dissolved inorganic N concentrations were low and comprised ~5% of total dissolved N. Added nitrate was completely utilized in the amended mesocosm within 10 d, stimulating a large bloom of colonial Phaeocystis pouchetii. Ammonium contributed over half of total measured N uptake by phytoplankton and bacteria in both enclosures, while nitrate and urea each supplied roughly 10 to 25%. Overall, DFAA were a negligible N source to phytoplankton but contributed 11% to total bacterial N uptake. Bacterial uptake represented a significant portion of total uptake of all N forms, especially urea and DFAA. Comparison of the 2 methods for measuring phytoplankton versus bacterial uptake demonstrates how the use of 0.8 mu m filters can lead to significant overestimation of phytoplankton N uptake due to the retention of bacterial biomass. JF - Aquatic Microbial Ecology AU - Bradley, P B AU - Sanderson, M P AU - Nejstgaard, J C AU - Sazhin, A F AU - Frischer, ME AU - Killberg-Thoreson, L M AU - Verity, P G AU - Campbell, L AU - Bronk, DA AD - Virginia Institute of Marine Science, The College of William & Mary, PO Box 1346, Gloucester Point, Virginia 23062, USA, paul.bradley@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - August 2010 SP - 89 EP - 104 PB - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany VL - 61 IS - 1 SN - 0948-3055, 0948-3055 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Nitrogen uptake KW - Mesocosm experiments KW - Phaeocystis KW - Phytoplankton KW - Bacteria KW - Flow cytometry KW - Nitrate KW - Algal blooms KW - Chlorophyll KW - ANE, Norway, Raunefjord KW - Nutrients KW - Urea KW - Fertilization KW - Ammonium compounds KW - Size KW - Ammonium KW - Amino acids KW - Organic nitrogen KW - Biomass KW - Mesocosms KW - Light effects KW - Filters KW - Community composition KW - Phosphate KW - Phaeocystis pouchetii KW - Uptake KW - Norway KW - Nitrogen KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - A 01310:Products of Microorganisms KW - Q1 08485:Species interactions: pests and control KW - K 03450:Ecology KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms KW - J 02450:Ecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/858423380?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Microbial+Ecology&rft.atitle=Nitrogen+uptake+by+phytoplankton+and+bacteria+during+an+induced+Phaeocystis+pouchetii+bloom%2C+measured+using+size+fractionation+and+flow+cytometric+sorting&rft.au=Bradley%2C+P+B%3BSanderson%2C+M+P%3BNejstgaard%2C+J+C%3BSazhin%2C+A+F%3BFrischer%2C+ME%3BKillberg-Thoreson%2C+L+M%3BVerity%2C+P+G%3BCampbell%2C+L%3BBronk%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Bradley&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Microbial+Ecology&rft.issn=09483055&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fame01414 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Algal blooms; Community composition; Organic nitrogen; Uptake; Phytoplankton; Mesocosms; Size; Nitrogen; Ammonium compounds; Nitrate; Ammonium; Chlorophyll; Amino acids; Urea; Nutrients; Biomass; Light effects; Filters; Flow cytometry; Fertilization; Phosphate; Phaeocystis pouchetii; ANE, Norway, Raunefjord; Norway DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/ame01414 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The NCEP Climate Forecast System Reanalysis AN - 856760333; 13712097 AB - The NCEP Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) was completed for the 31-yr period from 1979 to 2009, in January 2010. The CFSR was designed and executed as a global, high-resolution coupled atmosphere-ocean-land surface-sea ice system to provide the best estimate of the state of these coupled domains over this period. The current CFSR will be extended as an operational, real-time product into the future. New features of the CFSR include 1) coupling of the atmosphere and ocean during the generation of the 6-h guess field, 2) an interactive sea ice model, and 3) assimilation of satellite radiances by the Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation (GSI) scheme over the entire period. The CFSR global atmosphere resolution is ~38 km (T382) with 64 levels extending from the surface to 0.26 hPa. The global ocean's latitudinal spacing is 0.25 at the equator, extending to a global 0.5 beyond the tropics, with 40 levels to a depth of 4737 m. The global land surface model has four soil levels and the global sea ice model has three layers. The CFSR atmospheric model has observed variations in carbon dioxide (CO sub(2)) over the 1979-2009 period, together with changes in aerosols and other trace gases and solar variations. Most available in situ and satellite observations were included in the CFSR. Satellite observations were used in radiance form, rather than retrieved values, and were bias corrected with "spin up" runs at full resolution, taking into account variable CO sub(2) concentrations. This procedure enabled the smooth transitions of the climate record resulting from evolutionary changes in the satellite observing system. CFSR atmospheric, oceanic, and land surface output products are available at an hourly time resolution and a horizontal resolution of 0.5 latitude 0.5 longitude. The CFSR data will be distributed by the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) and NCAR. This reanalysis will serve many purposes, including providing the basis for most of the NCEP Climate Prediction Center's operational climate products by defining the mean states of the atmosphere, ocean, land surface, and sea ice over the next 30-yr climate normal (1981-2010); providing initial conditions for historical forecasts that are required to calibrate operational NCEP climate forecasts (from week 2 to 9 months); and providing estimates and diagnoses of the Earth's climate state over the satellite data period for community climate research. Preliminary analysis of the CFSR output indicates a product that is far superior in most respects to the reanalysis of the mid-1990s. The previous NCEP-NCAR reanalyses have been among the most used NCEP products in history; there is every reason to believe the CFSR will supersede these older products both in scope and quality, because it is higher in time and space resolution, covers the atmosphere, ocean, sea ice, and land, and was executed in a coupled mode with a more modern data assimilation system and forecast model. A supplement to this article is available online: DOI: 10.1175/2010BAMS3001.2.S1 JF - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society AU - Saha, Suranjana AU - Moorthi, Shrinivas AU - Pan, Hua-Lu AU - Wu, Xingren AU - Wang, Jiande AU - Nadiga, Sudhir AU - Tripp, Patrick AU - Kistler, Robert AU - Woollen, John AU - Behringer, David AD - Environmental Modeling Center, NCEP/NWS/NOAA, Camp Springs, Maryland Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - August 2010 SP - 1015 EP - 1057 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 91 IS - 8 SN - 0003-0007, 0003-0007 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Remote Sensing KW - Prediction KW - Satellite design KW - Climate prediction KW - Climate change KW - Atmosphere KW - Data reanalysis KW - Data assimilation KW - Climatic data KW - Radiance KW - Air-sea coupling KW - Sea Ice KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Climatology KW - Marine KW - Satellite Technology KW - Atmospheric gases KW - Aerosols KW - Climate models KW - Climates KW - Model Studies KW - Satellite data KW - Sea ice KW - Oceans KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Future climates KW - Sea ice models KW - Q2 09161:General KW - M2 551.326:Floating Ice (551.326) KW - SW 0820:Snow, ice and frost KW - O 2050:Chemical Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/856760333?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+American+Meteorological+Society&rft.atitle=The+NCEP+Climate+Forecast+System+Reanalysis&rft.au=Saha%2C+Suranjana%3BMoorthi%2C+Shrinivas%3BPan%2C+Hua-Lu%3BWu%2C+Xingren%3BWang%2C+Jiande%3BNadiga%2C+Sudhir%3BTripp%2C+Patrick%3BKistler%2C+Robert%3BWoollen%2C+John%3BBehringer%2C+David&rft.aulast=Saha&rft.aufirst=Suranjana&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1015&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+American+Meteorological+Society&rft.issn=00030007&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010BAMS3001.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climatic data; Radiance; Aerosols; Atmospheric gases; Air-sea coupling; Climate prediction; Climate change; Ocean-atmosphere system; Carbon dioxide; Satellite design; Sea ice; Satellite data; Climate models; Climatology; Data assimilation; Data reanalysis; Sea ice models; Future climates; Prediction; Remote Sensing; Satellite Technology; Oceans; Sea Ice; Climates; Atmosphere; Carbon Dioxide; Model Studies; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010BAMS3001.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multimodel Estimates of Atmospheric Response to Modes of SST Variability and Implications for Droughts AN - 853478723; 13712100 AB - A set of idealized global model experiments was performed by several modeling centers as part of the Drought Working Group of the U.S. Climate Variability and Predictability component of the World Climate Research Programme (CLIVAR). The purpose of the experiments was to assess the role of the leading modes of sea surface temperature (SST) variability on the climate over the continents, with particular emphasis on the influence of SSTs on surface climate variability and droughts over the United States. An analysis based on several models gives more creditability to the results since it relies on the assessment of impacts that are robust across different models. Coordinated atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) simulations forced with three modes of SST variability were analyzed. The results show that the SST-forced precipitation variability over the central United States is dominated by the SST mode with maximum loading in the central Pacific Ocean. The SST mode with loading in the Atlantic Ocean, and a mode that is dominated by trends in SSTs, lead to a smaller response. Based on the response to the idealized SSTs, the precipitation response for the twentieth century was also reconstructed. A comparison with the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP) simulations forced with the observed SSTs illustrates that the reconstructed precipitation variability was similar to the one in the AMIP simulations, further supporting the conclusion that the SST modes identified in the present analysis play a dominant role in the precipitation variability over the United States. One notable exception is the Dust Bowl of the 1930s, and further analysis regarding this major climate extreme is discussed. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Pegion, Philip J AU - Kumar, Arun AD - NOAA/ESRL/PSD, 325 Broadway Boulder, CO 80305-3328, USA, philip.pegion@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - August 2010 SP - 4327 EP - 4341 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 23 IS - 16 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Droughts KW - Sea surface temperature KW - Atmosphericndashocean interaction KW - General circulation models KW - Precipitation KW - Variability KW - Climate change KW - Drought KW - Dust KW - Research programmes KW - Assessments KW - Climatic variability KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Paleoceanography KW - Sea surface temperatures KW - Sea surface temperature forecasting KW - Temperature effects KW - Marine KW - I, Central Pacific KW - Climate models KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Climates KW - Illustrations KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Identification KW - Dusts KW - Model Studies KW - USA KW - Numerical simulations KW - Oceans KW - Precipitation variability KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - O 2010:Physical Oceanography KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - M2 551.58:Climatology (551.58) KW - SW 0815:Precipitation KW - Q1 08567:Fishery oceanography and limnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853478723?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Multimodel+Estimates+of+Atmospheric+Response+to+Modes+of+SST+Variability+and+Implications+for+Droughts&rft.au=Pegion%2C+Philip+J%3BKumar%2C+Arun&rft.aulast=Pegion&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=4327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JCLI3295.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Research programmes; Illustrations; Climate change; Ocean-atmosphere system; Atmospheric circulation; Identification; Droughts; Dust; Climate models; Climatic variability; Numerical simulations; General circulation models; Precipitation variability; Paleoceanography; Drought; Sea surface temperatures; Sea surface temperature forecasting; Variability; Assessments; Simulation Analysis; Oceans; Climates; Precipitation; Dusts; Model Studies; I, Central Pacific; USA; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JCLI3295.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reaction of Harbor Seals to Cruise Ships AN - 851472687; 14074857 AB - The largest aggregations of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in Alaska, USA, haul out on floating ice in tidewater glacial fjords. Seals use these fjords in peak numbers during the critical periods of pupping, breeding, and molting when visits by tour ships also peak. Documented and suspected declines of harbor seals in fjords with rising vessel traffic underscore the need to better understand possible impacts, particularly in areas where ship visits have risen substantially in the past 2 decades. We examined the interruption of haul-out bouts of harbor seals due to approaching cruise ships in Disenchantment Bay, Alaska. We conducted observations from cruise ships and focused on disturbance of seals as evidenced by seals flushing into the water from the floating ice on which they rested. We investigated rate of flushing in relation to vessel distance, approach angle, group size, and seal type (mother, pup, or other). Using a survival-regression analysis, we found that the risk of disturbing harbor seals increased when ships approached within 500 m; seals approached as close as 100 m were 25 times more likely to enter the water than seals 500 m from a ship. Seals were 4 times more prone to enter the water when ships were approaching directly rather than passing abeam. Seals responded similarly regardless of group size or seal type. Energetic models indicated a potential to disrupt energy balance and cause thermal stress in disturbed pups if they spent >50% of their time in ice-chilled water. Studies at non-glacial sites suggest that pups spend 40-70% of their time in the water. Voluntary guidelines for approaching seals in Alaska recommend that cruise ships approach greater than or equal to 91 m (100 yards), a distance at which we show 90% of seals would flush into the water. Our findings indicate a need to develop regulations to maintain a 500-m separation between cruise ships and seals in all Alaskan glacial fjords. JF - Journal of Wildlife Management AU - Jansen, John K AU - Boveng, Peter L AU - Dahle, Shawn P AU - Bengtson, John L AD - National Marine Mammal Laboratory, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115, USA PY - 2010 SP - 1186 EP - 1194 PB - Wildlife Society, 5410 Grosvenor Lane Bethesda MD 20814-2197 USA VL - 74 IS - 6 SN - 0022-541X, 0022-541X KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Alaska KW - cruise ships KW - disturbance KW - energetics KW - harbor seal KW - haul-out behavior KW - Phoca vitulina KW - predation KW - survival analysis KW - thermoregulation KW - Ships KW - Pups KW - Wildlife management KW - Floating Ice KW - INE, USA, Alaska, Disenchantment Bay KW - Molting KW - Models KW - Breeding KW - Moulting KW - Regulations KW - USA, Alaska KW - Marine KW - Tidewater KW - Ice KW - Group size KW - Floating ice KW - Stress KW - INE, USA, Alaska KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Traffic KW - Fjords KW - Energy balance KW - Marine mammals KW - Flushing KW - Standards KW - Harbors KW - Critical period KW - O 1050:Vertebrates, Urochordates and Cephalochordates KW - SW 0820:Snow, ice and frost KW - Q1 08187:Palaeontology KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/851472687?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Wildlife+Management&rft.atitle=Reaction+of+Harbor+Seals+to+Cruise+Ships&rft.au=Jansen%2C+John+K%3BBoveng%2C+Peter+L%3BDahle%2C+Shawn+P%3BBengtson%2C+John+L&rft.aulast=Jansen&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1186&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Wildlife+Management&rft.issn=0022541X&rft_id=info:doi/10.2193%2F2008-192 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Number of references - 46 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ships; Pups; Energy balance; Floating ice; Marine mammals; Moulting; Flushing; Ecosystem disturbance; Ice; Wildlife management; Group size; Fjords; Breeding; Stress; Molting; Critical period; Traffic; Models; Tidewater; Floating Ice; Standards; Regulations; Harbors; Phoca vitulina; USA, Alaska; INE, USA, Alaska, Disenchantment Bay; INE, USA, Alaska; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2008-192 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Growth and mortality of juvenile white shrimp Litopenaeus setiferus in a marsh pond AN - 839663600; 13712234 AB - Despite the widely held view that certain estuarine habitats are more valuable as nurseries because they provide enhanced growth and reduced mortality, there remain few estimates of growth and mortality rates in support of this paradigm. We conducted field caging experiments and collected weekly nekton samples in shallow open-water habitat in a marsh pond during summer and fall 2007 in Galveston Bay, Texas, USA, to estimate growth and morality rates of juvenile white shrimp Litopenaeus setiferus. Growth rates (mean +/- 1 SE) were lower during the summer experiment (0.77 +/- 0.05 mm d super(-1)) than the fall (0.91 +/- 0.04 mm d super(-1)), and high summer water temperatures may have inhibited shrimp growth. Cohort analysis to derive mortality estimates from 15 weekly sampling trips failed due to extended periods of continuous recruitment, the lack of clearly identifiable cohorts, and high temporal variability in abundance estimates. Catch-curve analysis provided estimates of mean daily instantaneous mortality (Z) during the sampling period of 0.181 for post-larvae and early juveniles 28 mm. The mortality estimates must be interpreted with caution due to potential problems meeting the assumptions of catch-curve analysis. Despite the challenges, comparisons of vital rates among habitats are required to validate long-held paradigms on the functioning of estuarine nurseries and the importance of various coastal habitats in the support of fishery species. JF - Marine Ecology Progress Series AU - Baker, Ronald AU - Minello, Thomas J AD - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NMFS, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, Galveston Laboratory, 4700 Avenue U, Galveston, Texas 77551, USA, tom.minello@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 SP - 95 EP - 104 PB - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany VL - 413 SN - 0171-8630, 0171-8630 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Variability KW - Shrimp KW - Litopenaeus setiferus KW - Water Temperature KW - Nursery grounds KW - Ponds KW - Habitats KW - Growth KW - recruitment KW - Brackishwater environment KW - Sampling KW - Marine crustaceans KW - Growth rate KW - Marine KW - Mortality KW - Decapoda KW - Recruitment KW - Estuaries KW - Brackish KW - Growth Rates KW - Water temperature KW - Marshes KW - Habitat KW - ASW, USA, Texas, Galveston Bay KW - Nekton KW - summer KW - water temperature KW - Mortality causes KW - abundance KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08442:Population dynamics KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - SW 0890:Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839663600?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.atitle=Growth+and+mortality+of+juvenile+white+shrimp+Litopenaeus+setiferus+in+a+marsh+pond&rft.au=Baker%2C+Ronald%3BMinello%2C+Thomas+J&rft.aulast=Baker&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=413&rft.issue=&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.issn=01718630&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fmeps08711 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nekton; Growth rate; Estuaries; Nursery grounds; Brackishwater environment; Marshes; Marine crustaceans; Ponds; Mortality causes; Mortality; Recruitment; Water temperature; Sampling; Habitat; Growth; recruitment; summer; water temperature; abundance; Variability; Habitats; Shrimp; Water Temperature; Growth Rates; Litopenaeus setiferus; Decapoda; ASW, USA, Texas, Galveston Bay; Marine; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps08711 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparing California Current cetacean-habitat models developed using in situ and remotely sensed sea surface temperature data AN - 839662312; 13712218 AB - Generalized linear and generalized additive habitat models were used to predict cetacean densities for 10 species in an 818000 km super(2) area off California. The performance of models built with remotely sensed oceanic data was compared to that of models built with in situ measurements. Cetacean sighting data were collected by the Southwest Fisheries Science Center on 4 systematic line-transect surveys during the summer and fall of 1991, 1993, 1996, and 2001. Predictor variables included temporally dynamic, remotely sensed environmental variables (sea surface temperature and measures of its variance) and more static geographical variables (water depth, bathymetric slope, and a categorical variable representing oceanic zone). The explanatory and predictive power of different spatial and temporal resolutions of satellite data were examined and included in the models for each of the 10 species. Alternative models were built using in situ analogs for sea surface temperature and its variance. The remotely sensed and in situ models with the highest predictive ability were selected based on a pseudo-jackknife cross validation procedure. Environmental predictors included in the final models varied by species, but, for each species, overall explanatory power was similar between the remotely sensed and in situ models. Cetacean-habitat models developed using satellite data at 8 d temporal resolution and from 5 to 35 km spatial resolution were shown to have predictive ability that generally met or exceeded models developed with analogous in situ data. This suggests that the former could be an effective tool for resource managers to develop near real-time predictions of cetacean density. JF - Marine Ecology Progress Series AU - Becker, E A AU - Forney, KA AU - Ferguson, M C AU - Foley, D G AU - Smith, R C AU - Barlow, J AU - Redfern, J V AD - NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, California 95060, USA, ebecker77@cox.net Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 SP - 163 EP - 183 PB - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany VL - 413 SN - 0171-8630, 0171-8630 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Prediction KW - Resource management KW - Remote sensing KW - Population density KW - spatial discrimination KW - INE, Pacific, California Current KW - Models KW - Fishery surveys KW - INE, USA, California KW - Fisheries KW - Temperature data KW - Temperature effects KW - Biological surveys KW - Marine KW - Data processing KW - Stock assessment KW - Temperature KW - fishery sciences KW - in situ measurement KW - Water temperature KW - Habitat KW - Satellites KW - Currents KW - water depth KW - Marine mammals KW - summer KW - Cetacea KW - Resource development KW - O 5080:Legal/Governmental KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839662312?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.atitle=Comparing+California+Current+cetacean-habitat+models+developed+using+in+situ+and+remotely+sensed+sea+surface+temperature+data&rft.au=Becker%2C+E+A%3BForney%2C+KA%3BFerguson%2C+M+C%3BFoley%2C+D+G%3BSmith%2C+R+C%3BBarlow%2C+J%3BRedfern%2C+J+V&rft.aulast=Becker&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=413&rft.issue=&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.issn=01718630&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fmeps08696 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological surveys; Prediction; Resource management; Fishery surveys; Marine mammals; Stock assessment; Population density; Resource development; Temperature data; Temperature effects; Data processing; Fisheries; spatial discrimination; Water temperature; Habitat; Satellites; Models; Currents; water depth; Remote sensing; Temperature; summer; fishery sciences; in situ measurement; Cetacea; INE, USA, California; INE, Pacific, California Current; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps08696 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Climate-driven synchrony in otolith growth-increment chronologies for three Bering Sea flatfish species AN - 839660683; 13712216 AB - Dendrochronology (tree-ring science) techniques were applied to otolith growth increments in 3 flatfish species collected from the eastern Bering Sea: northern rock sole Lepidopsetta polyxystra, yellowfin sole Limanda aspera, and Alaska plaice Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus. Within each species, otoliths were visually crossdated to ensure that the correct calendar year was assigned to each growth increment. Growth-increment widths were measured in each otolith, crossdating was statistically checked, and a single master chronology was generated for each species by averaging measurement time series after age-related growth declines had been removed. The 3 final chronologies spanned 18 to 20 yr and were significantly correlated with each other (p < 0.001), indicating a high level of growth synchrony among species. Final chronologies were compared to annual and monthly climate variables including water temperature, ice cover, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, and the el Nino Southern Oscillation. Of the climate indices examined, chronologies were most strongly related to summertime eastern Bering Sea bottom temperatures, with R super(2) values of 0.81, 0.61, and 0.34 for the yellowfin sole, Alaska plaice, and northern rock sole chronologies, respectively. Chronologies were significantly (p < 0.01) and positively related to monthly resolved records of sea surface temperature, though the seasons of the year exhibiting the strongest correlations varied among species. The present study suggests that flatfish growth is strongly influenced by the temperature of the eastern Bering Sea, underscoring the effect of climate on fisheries in a high-latitude ecosystem. JF - Marine Ecology Progress Series AU - Matta, Mary Elizabeth AU - Black, Bryan A AU - Wilderbuer, Thomas K AD - Resource Ecology and Fisheries Management Division, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, Washington 98115, USA, beth.matta@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - August 2010 SP - 137 EP - 145 PB - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany VL - 413 SN - 0171-8630, 0171-8630 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Sclerochronology KW - Dendrochronology KW - Growth KW - Environment KW - Otoliths KW - Flatfishes KW - Eastern Bering Sea KW - Age KW - Oscillations KW - Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus KW - Time series KW - Marine fish KW - El Nino KW - Limanda aspera KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Southern oscillation KW - Abiotic factors KW - Temperature effects KW - Marine KW - Ice KW - Climate KW - INE, USA, Alaska KW - Water temperature KW - IN, Bering Sea KW - Lepidopsetta polyxystra KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839660683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.atitle=Climate-driven+synchrony+in+otolith+growth-increment+chronologies+for+three+Bering+Sea+flatfish+species&rft.au=Matta%2C+Mary+Elizabeth%3BBlack%2C+Bryan+A%3BWilderbuer%2C+Thomas+K&rft.aulast=Matta&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=413&rft.issue=&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.issn=01718630&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fmeps08689 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Marine fish; Growth; Otoliths; El Nino; Time series; Climate; Ocean-atmosphere system; Abiotic factors; Ice; Age; Oscillations; Water temperature; Southern oscillation; Dendrochronology; Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus; Limanda aspera; Lepidopsetta polyxystra; IN, Bering Sea; INE, USA, Alaska; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps08689 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Growth variability in the splitnose rockfish Sebastes diploproa of the northeast Pacific Ocean: pattern revisited AN - 839660657; 13712215 AB - Understanding patterns of somatic growth within populations greatly contributes to fisheries stock assessment. Splitnose rockfish Sebastes diploproa was reported as having a striking pattern of latitudinal growth variability from studies conducted in the 1980s. We investigated variation in growth parameters of splitnose rockfish by latitude using recent data from the NOAA Fisheries Groundfish Survey (2003-2008), current ageing techniques, and advanced modeling and statistical methods to provide an updated understanding of growth along this species' latitudinal range. Sex-specific age data were fit to a von Bertalanffy growth function incorporating ageing error, and growth parameters were estimated for 5 areas along the U.S. west coast, specified based on biogeographic boundaries. Resampled values of each growth parameter were then fit to linear models, and Akaike's information criterion (AIC) was used to evaluate hypotheses for growth parameter relationship with latitude. We found that splitnose rockfish exhibited a cline in asymptotic length (L sub([infinity])), with L sub([infinity]) increasing with rising latitude. We also found that although the growth coefficient (k) was smallest in the most southern area, there was no apparent cline along the coast; a northward cline in k has previously been reported in the literature. We propose that differences in fishing intensity could be responsible for the cline in L sub([infinity]), as higher fishing pressure in the south could skew the size distribution of the population in that region and reduce southern L sub([infinity]) estimates. We also attribute slower growth in the southern area to oceanographic characteristics and low productivity of the area south of Point Conception. JF - Marine Ecology Progress Series AU - Gertseva, Vladlena V AU - Cope, Jason M AU - Matson, Sean E AD - Fishery Resource Analysis and Monitoring Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, 2032 South East OSU Drive, Newport, Oregon 97365, USA, vladlena.gertseva@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 SP - 125 EP - 136 PB - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany VL - 413 SN - 0171-8630, 0171-8630 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Growth rate KW - Marine KW - Data processing KW - Stock assessment KW - Aging KW - INE, USA, California, Point Conception KW - Sebastes diploproa KW - Models KW - Marine fish KW - Fishing KW - USA KW - Clines KW - Fishery surveys KW - Oceans KW - Latitudinal variations KW - Fisheries KW - Boundaries KW - Body size KW - Fishing effort KW - Coasts KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839660657?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.atitle=Growth+variability+in+the+splitnose+rockfish+Sebastes+diploproa+of+the+northeast+Pacific+Ocean%3A+pattern+revisited&rft.au=Gertseva%2C+Vladlena+V%3BCope%2C+Jason+M%3BMatson%2C+Sean+E&rft.aulast=Gertseva&rft.aufirst=Vladlena&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=413&rft.issue=&rft.spage=125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.issn=01718630&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fmeps08719 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Growth rate; Clines; Fishery surveys; Latitudinal variations; Aging; Stock assessment; Body size; Fishing effort; Fishing; Data processing; Oceans; Fisheries; Boundaries; Models; Coasts; Sebastes diploproa; USA; INE, USA, California, Point Conception; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps08719 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Polychaete assemblages in the south-eastern Bering Sea: linkage with groundfish distribution and diet AN - 821734948; 13937528 AB - Ecological information on the polychaete community may improve habitat descriptions and distribution models of commercially important species that are polychaete-feeders. This study reports on the first new observations in nearly three decades on the polychaete assemblages in the south-eastern Bering Sea. This information was used in an exploratory assessment of the association between polychaete assemblages and environmental variables that define the benthic habitat. The spatial association between polychaete assemblages and groundfish predators was also explored for insight into whether prey assemblages influence predator distribution. Canonical correspondence analysis indicates that surficial sediment is the most important factor in organizing polychaete assemblages, over other common environmental variables such as depth and temperature. Co-correspondence analysis of the distributions of groundfish species and polychaete families does not indicate that predators are associated with specific prey families. Families that are most frequent in stomach contents of some of the fish in the analysis, mainly Maldanidae and Nephtyidae, are widely distributed across the Bering Sea shelf in diverse sediment types, as are the principal polychaete-feeders in the eastern Bering Sea such as Alaska plaice (Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus) and northern rock sole (Lepidopsetta polyxystra). JF - Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom AU - Yeung, Cynthia AU - Yang, Mei-Sun AU - McConnaughey, Robert A AD - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, 7600 Sand Point Way, NE Seattle, Washington 98115 USA, cynthia.yeung@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - August 2010 SP - 903 EP - 917 PB - Cambridge University Press, The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU UK VL - 90 IS - 5 SN - 0025-3154, 0025-3154 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Maldanidae KW - Food organisms KW - Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus KW - Ecological distribution KW - Predators KW - Environmental factors KW - Models KW - Nephtyidae KW - Habitats KW - Assessments KW - Commercial species KW - Flounders KW - Prey KW - Temperature effects KW - Diets KW - Marine KW - INE, USA, Alaska KW - Habitat KW - Ecological Distribution KW - Sediments KW - Model Studies KW - IN, Bering Sea KW - Stomach content KW - Animal morphology KW - Lepidopsetta polyxystra KW - Fish KW - Polychaetes KW - Stomach KW - Q1 08483:Species interactions: general KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0870:Erosion and sedimentation KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/821734948?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Marine+Biological+Association+of+the+United+Kingdom&rft.atitle=Polychaete+assemblages+in+the+south-eastern+Bering+Sea%3A+linkage+with+groundfish+distribution+and+diet&rft.au=Yeung%2C+Cynthia%3BYang%2C+Mei-Sun%3BMcConnaughey%2C+Robert+A&rft.aulast=Yeung&rft.aufirst=Cynthia&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=903&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Marine+Biological+Association+of+the+United+Kingdom&rft.issn=00253154&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FS002531541000024X LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Animal morphology; Stomach content; Food organisms; Ecological distribution; Commercial species; Environmental factors; Temperature effects; Predators; Habitat; Stomach; Sediments; Prey; Models; Habitats; Assessments; Fish; Flounders; Ecological Distribution; Polychaetes; Model Studies; Nephtyidae; Maldanidae; Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus; Lepidopsetta polyxystra; IN, Bering Sea; INE, USA, Alaska; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S002531541000024X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EXAMINING A SOUTHWARD BIAS IN LAKE-EFFECT SNOW BAND FORECASTS IN THE NORTHEAST REGIONAL ENSEMBLE AN - 817610804; 13981827 AB - In this study, simulations from the northeast regional Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model ensemble of two lake-effect snow events from the 2007-2008 cool season are examined. In these simulations of lake-parallel, lake-effect snow bands downwind of Lake Ontario, a systematic southward bias in forecast snow band location is found with the Advanced Research WRF (WRF-ARW) members of the ensemble, consistent with previous research on mesoscale modeling of lake-effect snow and with qualitative forecaster assessments of other events during the 2007-2008 cool season. The bias is found to degrade the usefulness of the northeast regional ensemble. A series of sensitivity simulations is performed to help diagnose the cause of the southward bias. These simulations revealed that the WRF-ARW ensemble members underestimated the frictional slowing of wind, downwind of the central and eastern Great Lakes, when compared to a Rapid Update Cycle (RUC) analysis and WRF-Nonhydrostatic Mesoscale Model (WRF-NMM) simulations. The underestimation served to reposition the mesoscale convergence boundaries associated with the lake-effect snow bands farther south. These simulations also clearly indicate that model core rather than model physics and physical parameterizations is the primary source of the erroneous boundary layer flow. A final set of sensitivity simulations suggest that version 3 of the WRF-ARW improves upon this bias with forecast accuracy more comparable to the WRF-NMM shown in one case study. Given the results from this study, the feasibility of an operational mesoscale ensemble is discussed. It is shown that while this type of forecast tool shows promise, performing verification studies of each ensemble member is essential to its success. JF - National Weather Digest AU - Arnott, J AD - NOAA/National Weather Service, 8800 Passenheim Road, Gaylord, Michigan, USA, Justin.Arnott@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 SP - 67 EP - 87 VL - 34 IS - 1 SN - 0271-1052, 0271-1052 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Mesoscale convergence KW - Freshwater KW - Lakes KW - Assessments KW - Forecasting KW - Seasonal variability KW - Snow bands KW - Weather forecasting KW - Wind KW - Physical parameterizations KW - Weather KW - Simulation Analysis KW - Snow KW - Case Studies KW - Forecast accuracy KW - Model Studies KW - Numerical simulations KW - Boundary layers KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - Boundary layer flow KW - Boundaries KW - Mesoscale models KW - North America, Ontario L. KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - Q2 09171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers KW - M2 551.509.1/.5:Forecasting (551.509.1/.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/817610804?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Weather+Digest&rft.atitle=EXAMINING+A+SOUTHWARD+BIAS+IN+LAKE-EFFECT+SNOW+BAND+FORECASTS+IN+THE+NORTHEAST+REGIONAL+ENSEMBLE&rft.au=Arnott%2C+J&rft.aulast=Arnott&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=National+Weather+Digest&rft.issn=02711052&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Lakes; Snow; Boundary layers; Weather forecasting; Numerical simulations; Boundary layer flow; Mesoscale convergence; Mesoscale models; Seasonal variability; Snow bands; Forecast accuracy; Physical parameterizations; Weather; Assessments; Simulation Analysis; Case Studies; Boundaries; Forecasting; Wind; Model Studies; North America, Great Lakes; North America, Ontario L.; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - RADAR OBSERVATIONS OF A RARE "TRIPLE" THREE-BODY SCATTER SPIKE AN - 817610802; 13981825 AB - On 1 July 2006, several supercell thunderstorms produced significant hail during the late afternoon and evening across northeast Wisconsin. The hail storms were responsible for over 10.3 million dollars of damage. The most intense storm produced hail up to 4 in. in diameter that damaged over 100 cars and numerous homes in Oconto County, Wisconsin. This storm exhibited a rare, triple three-body scatter spike (TBSS) and a very long, impressive 51 mile TBSS. This paper will diagnose the structure and character of the hail cores responsible for the multiple TBSS using several different tools, illustrating that TBSS are 3-D features that are not confined to a single elevation slice. In addition, the paper will connect the unusually large scattering angle associated with the 51 mile long TBSS to the increased scattered energy responsible for the long TBSS. JF - National Weather Digest AU - Kurimski, P G AD - NOAA/National Weather Service, 9200 White Lake Road, White Lake, Michigan 48386-1126, USA, phil.kurimski@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 SP - 43 EP - 54 VL - 34 IS - 1 SN - 0271-1052, 0271-1052 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Weather KW - Damage KW - Hail KW - Thunderstorms KW - USA, Wisconsin KW - Storms KW - Cores KW - Supercell thunderstorms KW - Elevation KW - Radar KW - Q2 09387:Navigation KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - M2 551.578.7:Solid (551.578.7) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/817610802?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Weather+Digest&rft.atitle=RADAR+OBSERVATIONS+OF+A+RARE+%22TRIPLE%22+THREE-BODY+SCATTER+SPIKE&rft.au=Kurimski%2C+P+G&rft.aulast=Kurimski&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=National+Weather+Digest&rft.issn=02711052&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hail; Thunderstorms; Supercell thunderstorms; Radar; Storms; Damage; Weather; Cores; Elevation; USA, Wisconsin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - ANALYSIS OF RARE CONSECUTIVE NORTHEAST FLOW CONVECTIVE EVENTS OVER CENTRAL NEW YORK AND NORTHEAST PENNSYLVANIA AN - 817610801; 13981824 AB - Two convective events were examined that occurred over the county warning area of the National Weather Service Office in Binghamton, New York on consecutive days in June, 2007. These events were unique because they both occurred under deep northeasterly flow, a highly anomalous flow configuration for the northeastern United States, and a flow direction not typically associated with severe weather. The event on 12 June 2007 led to numerous severe hail and wind reports. The increasing organization of convection during the afternoon and early evening is examined and found to be strongly tied to interactions between existing convection and low-level boundaries. On the following day, under very similar synoptic conditions, the late morning convective environment appeared primed for a repeat episode of severe weather. By early afternoon, however, a substantial decrease in surface moisture and concurrently, surface-based convective instability, led to the development of only isolated, sub-severe convection over the Binghamton, New York County Warning Area. A comparison of the two events reveals that subtle differences in the low-level kinematic and thermodynamic fields, as well as differences in the larger-scale forcing for ascent, played a significant role in limiting the convective potential on this day. JF - National Weather Digest AU - Arnott, J AD - NOAA/National Weather Service, 8800 Passenheim Road, Gaylord, Michigan, USA, Justin.Arnott@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 SP - 17 EP - 42 VL - 34 IS - 1 SN - 0271-1052, 0271-1052 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Convection KW - Moisture KW - Organizations KW - Convection development KW - Environmental factors KW - National Weather Service KW - Wind KW - Weather KW - Hail KW - Thermodynamics KW - Convective instability KW - Thermodynamic fields KW - USA, New York KW - Severe weather events KW - USA, Pennsylvania KW - Convective activity KW - Boundaries KW - Synoptic conditions KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use KW - M2 551.578.7:Solid (551.578.7) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/817610801?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Weather+Digest&rft.atitle=ANALYSIS+OF+RARE+CONSECUTIVE+NORTHEAST+FLOW+CONVECTIVE+EVENTS+OVER+CENTRAL+NEW+YORK+AND+NORTHEAST+PENNSYLVANIA&rft.au=Arnott%2C+J&rft.aulast=Arnott&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=National+Weather+Digest&rft.issn=02711052&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Convection; Hail; Thermodynamics; Environmental factors; Severe weather events; Convective activity; Convective instability; Convection development; National Weather Service; Thermodynamic fields; Synoptic conditions; Moisture; Weather; Organizations; Boundaries; Wind; USA, Pennsylvania; USA, New York ER - TY - JOUR T1 - APPLICATION OF AMSU-BASED PRODUCTS TO SUPPORT NOAA'S MISSION GOALS AN - 817610800; 13981823 AB - Passive microwave observations and derived products from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite (POES) Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU) are now widely used in an assortment of meteorological analysis and forecasting applications. These hydrological and imagery products, which first became operational in January 2000, build upon the success of a similar product suite from the Department of Defense (DoD) Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I). This paper highlights the AMSU rainfall, total precipitable water (TPW) and snowfall rate products with examples from various applications at NOAA's National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS] and National Weather Service (NWS). Discussion of the future polar-orbiting operational satellites and products are presented at the conclusion of the paper. JF - National Weather Digest AU - Ferraro, R AU - Kusselson, S AU - Kidder, S AU - Zhao, L AU - Meng, H AD - University of Maryland Research Park (M-Square), 5825 University, Research Court, Suite 4001, College Park, MD 20740-3823, USA, Ralph.R.Ferraro@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 SP - 3 EP - 16 VL - 34 IS - 1 SN - 0271-1052, 0271-1052 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Remote Sensing KW - Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) KW - Prediction KW - Sensors KW - Rainfall KW - Scientific satellites KW - U.S. satellite, NOAA KW - Meteorological satellite program KW - Microwaves KW - Sounding KW - Forecasting KW - Hydrologic Data KW - Satellite Technology KW - Weather KW - Hydrologic analysis KW - Information services KW - Soundings KW - Satellite instrumentation KW - Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU) KW - Precipitable water KW - Oceanographic data KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling KW - M2 551.509.1/.5:Forecasting (551.509.1/.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/817610800?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Weather+Digest&rft.atitle=APPLICATION+OF+AMSU-BASED+PRODUCTS+TO+SUPPORT+NOAA%27S+MISSION+GOALS&rft.au=Ferraro%2C+R%3BKusselson%2C+S%3BKidder%2C+S%3BZhao%2C+L%3BMeng%2C+H&rft.aulast=Ferraro&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=National+Weather+Digest&rft.issn=02711052&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Microwaves; Information services; Sensors; Soundings; Scientific satellites; Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I); U.S. satellite, NOAA; Meteorological satellite program; Hydrologic analysis; Precipitable water; Satellite instrumentation; Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU); Oceanographic data; Remote Sensing; Weather; Satellite Technology; Rainfall; Sounding; Forecasting; Hydrologic Data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental evidence of fatty acid limited growth and survival in Pacific cod larvae AN - 815535539; 13712190 AB - Changing environmental conditions in the North Pacific are altering the lipid/fatty acid (FA) composition of zooplankton assemblages, but the consequences to resident fish larvae are unknown. In the laboratory, we reared Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus larvae over 4 wk on prey enriched with varying levels of 2 essential FAs (docosahexaenoic acid, DHA, 22:6[omega]-3, and eicosapentanoic acid, EPA, 20:5[omega]-3) to determine how this species responded to such changes in prey quality. Ratios of DHA:EPA were chosen to represent the natural variation observed in zooplankton of the North Pacific. We tested the hypotheses whether (1) energetically similar diets comprised of varying levels of DHA and EPA affect growth and survival in Pacific cod larvae, and (2) the highest levels of DHA:EPA (2:1) are optimal for Pacific cod larvae, as it has been shown for Atlantic species. Pacific cod larvae grew fastest with diets containing high levels of [omega]-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA > 22%). Diets with the same total lipid content but different DHA:EPA ratios (<0.1:1 to 2:1) also mediated growth and lipid composition of the larvae. Unlike Atlantic cod, Pacific cod larvae did not show as high a requirement for DHA relative to EPA but rather achieved largest size-at-age with intermediate DHA:EPA ratios (0.8:1 to 1.1:1). This range most closely resembled DHA:EPA ratios reported from North Pacific copepods, suggesting anomalous years with an over- or under-abundance of DHA-rich dinoflagellates or EPA-rich diatoms may be detrimental to survival and growth of Pacific cod larvae in the field. JF - Marine Ecology Progress Series AU - Copeman, LA AU - Laurel, B J AD - Fisheries Behavioral Ecology Program, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, lcopeman@mun.ca Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 SP - 259 EP - 272 PB - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany VL - 412 SN - 0171-8630, 0171-8630 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Food organisms KW - Lipids KW - Bacillariophyceae KW - Diatoms KW - Survival KW - Fish larvae KW - Marine fish KW - Docosahexaenoic acid KW - Growth KW - IN, North Pacific KW - Copepoda KW - Lipid composition KW - Dinoflagellates KW - CD95 antigen KW - Prey KW - Diets KW - Marine KW - Zooplankton KW - Gadus morhua KW - Larvae KW - Environmental impact KW - Chemical oxygen demand KW - prey KW - A, Atlantic KW - EPA KW - Gadus macrocephalus KW - Fas antigen KW - Fatty acids KW - Polyunsaturated fatty acids KW - survival KW - Environmental conditions KW - Plankton KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - K 03450:Ecology KW - Q1 08567:Fishery oceanography and limnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/815535539?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.atitle=Experimental+evidence+of+fatty+acid+limited+growth+and+survival+in+Pacific+cod+larvae&rft.au=Copeman%2C+LA%3BLaurel%2C+B+J&rft.aulast=Copeman&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=412&rft.issue=&rft.spage=259&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.issn=01718630&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fmeps08661 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Food organisms; Growth; Lipids; Environmental impact; Fatty acids; Survival; Fish larvae; Plankton; Diets; Zooplankton; Diatoms; Docosahexaenoic acid; Fas antigen; Lipid composition; Dinoflagellates; Polyunsaturated fatty acids; CD95 antigen; Environmental conditions; Prey; EPA; Larvae; prey; Chemical oxygen demand; survival; Gadus macrocephalus; Copepoda; Gadus morhua; Bacillariophyceae; IN, North Pacific; A, Atlantic; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps08661 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of rapidly deployable instrumentation packages for data acquisition in wildland-urban interface (WUI) fires AN - 787051105; 13248797 AB - In an effort to quantify structure ignition mechanisms during wildland-urban interface (WUI) fires, rapidly deployable instrumentation packages were developed. For a structure under a WUI fire attack, the packages are designed to: (1) provide temporally resolved images of structure ignition mechanisms and (2) provide quantitative data on total heat flux, wind speed, wind direction, ambient temperature, and relative humidity near a structure. The unique design of the packages allowed for wireless transmission of all data signals collected to a hardened location. Prior to attempting to use these instrumentation packages in real WUI fires, a proof-of-concept test was conducted under a prescribed fire. In these tests, a shed was used as a surrogate for a typical structure that would be found in the WUI. The proof-of-concept test was successful and has demonstrated that relatively inexpensive instrumentation can be used to image structure ignition in the path of an approaching crown fire and that directional flame thermometers (DFT) were acceptable instrumentation to measure total heat flux in place of cumbersome water cooled total heat flux gages. JF - Fire Safety Journal AU - Manzello, Samuel L AU - Park, Seul-Hyun AU - Cleary, Thomas G AD - Fire Research Division, Building and Fire Research Laboratory (BFRL), National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8662, USA, samuelm@nist.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 SP - 327 EP - 336 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK VL - 45 IS - 5 SN - 0379-7112, 0379-7112 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Wildland-urban interface (WUI) fires KW - Instrumentation KW - Structure ignition KW - Fires KW - safety engineering KW - Temperature KW - Humidity KW - Velocity KW - Packaging KW - H 7000:Fire Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/787051105?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fire+Safety+Journal&rft.atitle=Development+of+rapidly+deployable+instrumentation+packages+for+data+acquisition+in+wildland-urban+interface+%28WUI%29+fires&rft.au=Manzello%2C+Samuel+L%3BPark%2C+Seul-Hyun%3BCleary%2C+Thomas+G&rft.aulast=Manzello&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fire+Safety+Journal&rft.issn=03797112&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.firesaf.2010.06.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fires; safety engineering; Temperature; Velocity; Humidity; Packaging DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2010.06.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rampant drift in artificially fragmented populations of the endangered tidewater goby (Eucyclogobius newberryi) AN - 754897252; 13529316 AB - AbstractHabitat fragmentation and its genetic consequences are a critically important issue in evaluating the evolutionary penalties of human habitat modification. Here, we examine the genetic structure and diversity in naturally subdivided and artificially fragmented populations of the endangered tidewater goby (Eucyclogobius newberryi), a small fish restricted to discrete coastal lagoons and estuaries in California, USA. We use five naturally fragmented coastal populations from a 300- km spatial scale as a standard to assess migration and drift relative to eight artificially fragmented bay populations from a 30- km spatial scale. Using nine microsatellite loci in 621 individuals, and a 522-base fragment of mitochondrial DNA control region from 103 individuals, we found striking differences in the relative influences of migration and drift on genetic variation at these two scales. Overall, the artificially fragmented populations exhibited a consistent pattern of higher genetic differentiation and significantly lower genetic diversity relative to the naturally fragmented populations. Thus, even in a species characterized by habitat isolation and subdivision, further artificial fragmentation appears to result in substantial population genetic consequences and may not be sustainable. JF - Molecular Ecology AU - McCRANEY, WTYLER AU - Goldsmith, Greg AU - Jacobs, David K AU - Kinziger, Andrew P AD - *Department of Fisheries Biology, Humboldt State University, 1 Harpst Street, Arcata, CA 95521, USA 1, Tyler.McCraney@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 SP - 3315 EP - 3327 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 19 IS - 16 SN - 0962-1083, 0962-1083 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Genetics Abstracts KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Genetic diversity KW - Lagoons KW - Migration KW - Eucyclogobius newberryi KW - genetic structure KW - spatial distribution KW - Differentiation KW - Population genetics KW - INE, USA, California KW - migration KW - Estuaries KW - Microsatellites KW - Rare species KW - Habitat KW - mitochondrial DNA KW - population genetics KW - Coastal zone KW - Mitochondrial DNA KW - Drift KW - Scales KW - Migrations KW - DNA KW - Fish KW - Population structure KW - Coastal lagoons KW - Genetic structure KW - Evolution KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - G 07750:Ecological & Population Genetics KW - Q1 08343:Taxonomy and morphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754897252?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Ecology&rft.atitle=Rampant+drift+in+artificially+fragmented+populations+of+the+endangered+tidewater+goby+%28Eucyclogobius+newberryi%29&rft.au=McCRANEY%2C+WTYLER%3BGoldsmith%2C+Greg%3BJacobs%2C+David+K%3BKinziger%2C+Andrew+P&rft.aulast=McCRANEY&rft.aufirst=WTYLER&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=3315&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Ecology&rft.issn=09621083&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-294X.2010.04755.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Population genetics; Nucleotide sequence; DNA; Migrations; Genetic diversity; Population structure; Coastal lagoons; Rare species; Evolution; Estuaries; Microsatellites; Habitat; Migration; Lagoons; Differentiation; Mitochondrial DNA; Drift; Scales; Genetic structure; population genetics; migration; spatial distribution; Coastal zone; Fish; mitochondrial DNA; genetic structure; Eucyclogobius newberryi; INE, USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04755.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intensification of Summer Rainfall Variability in the Southeastern United States during Recent Decades AN - 754892697; 13512435 AB - The variability of summer precipitation in the southeastern United States is examined in this study using 60-yr (1948-2007) rainfall data. The Southeast summer rainfalls exhibited higher interannual variability with more intense summer droughts and anomalous wetness in the recent 30 years (1978-2007) than in the prior 30 years (1948-77). Such intensification of summer rainfall variability was consistent with a decrease of light (0.1-1 mm day super(-1)) and medium (1-10 mm day super(-1)) rainfall events during extremely dry summers and an increase of heavy (>10 mm day super(-1)) rainfall events in extremely wet summers. Changes in rainfall variability were also accompanied by a southward shift of the region of maximum zonal wind variability at the jet stream level in the latter period. The covariability between the Southeast summer precipitation and sea surface temperatures (SSTs) is also analyzed using the singular value decomposition (SVD) method. It is shown that the increase of Southeast summer precipitation variability is primarily associated with a higher SST variability across the equatorial Atlantic and also SST warming in the Atlantic. JF - Journal of Hydrometeorology AU - Wang, Hui AU - Fu, Rong AU - Kumar, Arun AU - Li, Wenhong AD - NOAA/NWS/NCEP/Climate Prediction Center, Camp Springs, Maryland, and Wyle Information Systems, McLean, Virginia, hui.wang@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 SP - 1007 EP - 1018 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 11 IS - 4 SN - 1525-755X, 1525-755X KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Variability KW - Degradation KW - Rainfall data KW - Rainfall KW - Drought KW - USA, Southeast KW - Streams KW - Decomposition KW - Summer rainfall KW - Sea surface temperatures KW - Hydrologic Data KW - Droughts KW - Wind KW - Rainfall variability KW - Jet stream KW - Precipitation KW - Hydrometeorology KW - Interannual variability KW - Hydrometeorological research KW - AS, Equatorial Atlantic KW - Precipitation variability KW - Zonal wind variability KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - M2 551.465:Structure/Dynamics/Circulation (551.465) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754892697?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.atitle=Intensification+of+Summer+Rainfall+Variability+in+the+Southeastern+United+States+during+Recent+Decades&rft.au=Wang%2C+Hui%3BFu%2C+Rong%3BKumar%2C+Arun%3BLi%2C+Wenhong&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Hui&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1007&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.issn=1525755X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JHM1229.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Degradation; Rainfall; Jet stream; Droughts; Hydrometeorological research; Interannual variability; Rainfall variability; Summer rainfall; Rainfall data; Precipitation variability; Drought; Precipitation; Zonal wind variability; Sea surface temperatures; Hydrometeorology; Variability; Decomposition; Hydrologic Data; Streams; Wind; AS, Equatorial Atlantic; USA, Southeast DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JHM1229.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatiotemporal patterns in migration timing of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) smolts in North America AN - 754886097; 13446481 AB - The timing of ocean entry by salmon smolts is presumed adaptive to maximize survival during this critical life transition. We analyzed the peak timing, duration, and interannual variation in timing of smolt migrations for 53 coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) populations from central California to Kodiak Island, Alaska. The objective was to examine potential influences of both local watershed characteristics and larger-scale processes in the marine environment on smolt migration patterns. Multivariate analyses demonstrated a strong latitudinal gradient in migration patterns with trends toward later, shorter, and more predictable migrations with increasing latitude. Cluster analysis performed on migration descriptors indicated three major population groupings that coincide with major coastal oceanic regions in the northeast Pacific: a northern group from Kodiak Island to the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, a central group from the Queen Charlotte Islands south to the Columbia River, and a southern group from the Columbia River southward. These regional patterns transcended local variability associated with watershed characteristics and trap location, suggesting that the patterns reflect adaptation to differences in timing and relative predictability of favorable conditions in the marine environments that smolts enter. resume etre une adaptation pour maximiser la survie durant cette transition importante dans la vie des saumons. Nous avons analyse le moment des migrations maximales, la duree des migrations et la variation interannuelle du calendrier de la migration des saumoneaux dans 53 populations de saumons coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch) reparties du centre de la Californie a l'ile Kodiak, Alaska. Notre objectif etait d'examiner les influences possibles a la fois des caracteristiques du bassin versant local et des processus a plus grande echelle dans le milieu marin sur les patrons de migration des saumoneaux. Des analyses multidimensionnelles indiquent un fort gradient latitudinal dans les patrons de migration, avec une tendance vers des migrations plus tardives, plus courtes et plus previsibles aux latitudes plus elevees. Des analyses de groupement effectuees sur les descripteurs de la migration identifient trois principaux regroupements de populations qui coincident avec les trois regions cotieres principales du nord-est du Pacifique : un groupe boreal de l'ile Kodiak aux iles de la Reine-Charlotte, Colombie-Britannique, un groupe central des iles de la Reine-Charlotte vers le sud jusqu'au fleuve Columbia et un groupe austral au sud du Columbia. Ces patrons regionaux transcendent la variabilite locale associee aux caracteristiques du bassin versant et a la position du piege, ce qui laisse croire que les patrons sont le reflet d'une adaptation aux differences dans la presence et la previsibilite relative des conditions favorables des environnements marins dans lesquels les saumoneaux vont penetrer. JF - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences/Journal Canadien des Sciences Halieutiques et Aquatiques AU - Spence, Brian C AU - Hall, James D AD - National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Fisheries Ecology Division, 110 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, CA 95062, USA., Brian.Spence@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 SP - 1316 EP - 1334 PB - NRC Research Press, 1200 Montreal Rd, Bldg M-55, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada, Tel.: 613-993-9084, 613-990-7873 or 1-800-668-1222 (Canada and U.S.), Fax: 613-952-7656, Ottawa ON K1A 0R6 Canada VL - 67 IS - 8 SN - 0706-652X, 0706-652X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Smolt KW - Marine Environment KW - Anadromous species KW - INE, USA, Alaska, Kodiak I. KW - Watersheds KW - Migration KW - British Isles, England, Avon KW - Marine environment KW - INE, USA, California KW - Canada, British Columbia KW - Salmon KW - Timing KW - Rivers KW - Smolts KW - Latitudinal variations KW - salmon KW - latitude KW - survival KW - Oncorhynchus kisutch KW - Survival KW - Environmental factors KW - adaptability KW - INE, USA, Columbia Estuary KW - Islands KW - Multivariate analysis KW - smolts KW - Adaptation KW - migration KW - Adaptations KW - INE, USA, Alaska KW - Oceans KW - Migrations KW - INE, Canada, British Columbia, Queen Charlotte Is. KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q1 08341:General KW - Y 25080:Orientation, Migration and Locomotion KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754886097?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences%2FJournal+Canadien+des+Sciences+Halieutiques+et+Aquatiques&rft.atitle=Spatiotemporal+patterns+in+migration+timing+of+coho+salmon+%28Oncorhynchus+kisutch%29+smolts+in+North+America&rft.au=Spence%2C+Brian+C%3BHall%2C+James+D&rft.aulast=Spence&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1316&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences%2FJournal+Canadien+des+Sciences+Halieutiques+et+Aquatiques&rft.issn=0706652X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1139%2FF10-060 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adaptations; Latitudinal variations; Anadromous species; Smolts; Migrations; Watersheds; Environmental factors; Rivers; Islands; Multivariate analysis; Marine environment; Oceans; Survival; Migration; migration; smolts; salmon; latitude; survival; adaptability; Timing; Salmon; Smolt; Marine Environment; Adaptation; Oncorhynchus kisutch; Canada, British Columbia; INE, USA, Columbia Estuary; British Isles, England, Avon; INE, USA, California; INE, USA, Alaska, Kodiak I.; INE, USA, Alaska; INE, Canada, British Columbia, Queen Charlotte Is. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/F10-060 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Managing non-target, data-poor species using catch limits: lessons from the Alaskan groundfish fishery AN - 754558764; 13362961 AB - Abstract The 2006 reauthorisation of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act requires annual catch limits for all target and non-target species within federally managed fisheries in the United States. In Alaska, both target and non-target species in the Alaska groundfish fisheries have been managed using catch limits since the early 1990s. Non-target species that are caught incidentally in a fishery require monitoring to ensure that the population is not negatively impacted by commercial fishing. Resource assessment scientists have been challenged with obtaining sufficient data to recommend an acceptable catch level for management of these species. This paper reviews three case studies where a catch limit is determined for non-target species when certain data are limited: (1) varying levels of biomass and catch data for all species within a species group or complex; (2) adequate catch data but no biomass data; (3) emerging target fishery of data-poor species, plus an example of how a complex of ecosystem component species is managed. JF - Fisheries Management and Ecology AU - Reuter, R F AU - Conners, Me AU - DICOSIMO, J AU - Gaichas, S AU - Ormseth, O AU - Tenbrink, T T AD - Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Seattle, WA, USA, rebecca.reuter@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 SP - 323 EP - 335 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 17 IS - 4 SN - 0969-997X, 0969-997X KW - ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - USA, Alaska KW - Environmental monitoring KW - catches KW - Resource management KW - Data processing KW - fishery management KW - Biomass KW - case studies KW - Fishing KW - Commercial fishing KW - Fishery management KW - Reviews KW - Fisheries KW - Conservation KW - Quota regulations KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - Q4 27800:Miscellaneous KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754558764?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries+Management+and+Ecology&rft.atitle=Managing+non-target%2C+data-poor+species+using+catch+limits%3A+lessons+from+the+Alaskan+groundfish+fishery&rft.au=Reuter%2C+R+F%3BConners%2C+Me%3BDICOSIMO%2C+J%3BGaichas%2C+S%3BOrmseth%2C+O%3BTenbrink%2C+T+T&rft.aulast=Reuter&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries+Management+and+Ecology&rft.issn=0969997X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2400.2009.00726.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental monitoring; Commercial fishing; Resource management; Fishery management; Quota regulations; Fishing; Data processing; Fisheries; Conservation; Biomass; case studies; catches; Reviews; fishery management; USA, Alaska DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2400.2009.00726.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Habitat use and movement patterns of bull sharks Carcharhinus leucas determined using pop-up satellite archival tags AN - 754536530; 13246609 AB - Habitat use, movement and residency of bull sharks Carcharhinus leucas were determined using satellite pop-up archival transmitting (PAT) tags throughout coastal areas in the U.S., Gulf of Mexico and waters off the south-east U.S. From 2005 to 2007, 18 fish (mean size = 164 cm fork length, LF) were tagged over all seasons. Fish retained tags for up to 85 days (median = 30 days). Based on geolocation data from initial tagging location to pop-off location, C. leucas generally travelled c. 5-6 km day-1 and travelled an average of 143.6 km. Overall, mean proportions of time at depth revealed C. leucas spent the majority of their time in waters <20 m. They exhibited significant differences among depths but were not found at a particular depth regardless of diurnal period. Most fish occupied temperatures c. 32 C with individuals found mostly between 26 and 33 C. Geolocation data for C. leucas were generally poor and varied considerably but tracks for two individuals revealed long distance movements. One fish travelled from the south-east coast of the U.S. to coastal Texas near Galveston while another moved up the east coast of the U.S. to South Carolina. Data on C. leucas movements indicated that they are found primarily in shallower waters and tend to remain in the same location over long periods. While some individuals made large-scale movements over open ocean areas, the results emphasize the importance of the coastal zone for this species as potential essential habitat, particularly in areas of high freshwater inflow. JF - Journal of Fish Biology AU - Carlson, J K AU - Ribera, M M AU - Conrath, CL AU - Heupel, M R AU - Burgess, G H AD - *NOAA, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, 3500 Delwood Beach Road, Panama City, FL 32408, U.S.A. 1, john.carlson@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - August 2010 SP - 661 EP - 675 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 77 IS - 3 SN - 0022-1112, 0022-1112 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - geolocation KW - habitat utilization KW - residency KW - Leucas KW - Remote sensing KW - ANW, USA, South Carolina KW - Habitat selection KW - Marine fish KW - ASW, USA, Texas KW - inflow KW - ASW, USA, Texas, Galveston KW - Habitat utilization KW - Tagging KW - Carcharhinus leucas KW - Temperature effects KW - Marine KW - Diurnal variations KW - Data processing KW - Freshwater environments KW - Temperature KW - Habitat KW - Satellites KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - Ocean currents KW - Tags KW - Satellite sensing KW - Local movements KW - Coastal zone KW - Oceans KW - Fish KW - sharks KW - Y 25040:Behavioral Ecology KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q2 09393:Remote geosensing KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08423:Behaviour UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754536530?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Fish+Biology&rft.atitle=Habitat+use+and+movement+patterns+of+bull+sharks+Carcharhinus+leucas+determined+using+pop-up+satellite+archival+tags&rft.au=Carlson%2C+J+K%3BRibera%2C+M+M%3BConrath%2C+CL%3BHeupel%2C+M+R%3BBurgess%2C+G+H&rft.aulast=Carlson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=661&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Fish+Biology&rft.issn=00221112&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1095-8649.2010.02707.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ocean currents; Marine fish; Local movements; Satellite sensing; Tags; Coastal zone; Remote sensing; Tagging; Habitat selection; Temperature effects; Data processing; Freshwater environments; Oceans; Habitat utilization; Habitat; Satellites; Diurnal variations; Temperature; inflow; Fish; sharks; Carcharhinus leucas; Leucas; ASW, Mexico Gulf; ASW, USA, Texas; ANW, USA, South Carolina; ASW, USA, Texas, Galveston; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02707.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Standardization of radium-223 by liquid scintillation counting AN - 745730043; 13141909 AB - Liquid scintillation (LS) counting was undertaken as part of the primary standardization of super(223)Ra. Radium-223 decays with a half life of 11.43 d through a chain of shorter-lived daughter radionuclides, resulting in five alpha decays and three beta decays. The CIEMAT/NIST method of tritium efficiency tracing was employed, with the beta efficiencies being calculated using the program CN2004, developed by the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB). The total calculated LS efficiency, considering all daughter radionuclides, was approximately 598%. Separate experiments were performed to rule out loss of the 3.96 s super(219)Ra daughter from the cocktail and possible counting loss of the 1.78 ms super(215)Po daughter due to LS counter dead-time. No loss was observed in either experiment. In the final experiment an expanded uncertainty (k=2) of 0.55% was achieved. Results were in excellent agreement with confirmatory measurements performed by 2[pi]a proportional counting. However, results are not in agreement with methods based on gamma ray measurements. JF - Applied Radiation and Isotopes AU - Cessna, J T AU - Zimmerman, B E AD - Ionizing Radiation Division, Physics Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive MS 8462, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8462, USA, Jeffrey.cessna@nist.govbez@nist.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 SP - 1523 EP - 1528 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK VL - 68 IS - 7-8 SN - 0969-8043, 0969-8043 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Liquid scintillation counting KW - CIEMAT/NIST method KW - Standardization KW - Isotopes KW - Tritium KW - Scintillation KW - Radioisotopes KW - Standards KW - Decay KW - Enumeration KW - X 24390:Radioactive Materials KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745730043?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Radiation+and+Isotopes&rft.atitle=Standardization+of+radium-223+by+liquid+scintillation+counting&rft.au=Cessna%2C+J+T%3BZimmerman%2C+B+E&rft.aulast=Cessna&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=7-8&rft.spage=1523&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Radiation+and+Isotopes&rft.issn=09698043&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apradiso.2009.11.068 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Standardization; Isotopes; Tritium; Scintillation; Radioisotopes; Enumeration; Standards; Decay DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2009.11.068 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new primary standardization of super(229)Th AN - 745729983; 13141864 AB - The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has certified a high-purity super(229)Th Standard Reference Material as SRM 4328C, based on live-timed 4[pi]ab-g anticoincidence counting (LTAC) of the equilibrium solution. The LTAC system was optimized to minimize the uncertainty in the result due to the two short-lived ground-states present in the decay chain. Confirmatory measurements were carried out by four other methods. Furthermore, the present absolute activity and measured g-ray emission rates were combined to obtain g-ray emission probabilities. JF - Applied Radiation and Isotopes AU - Fitzgerald, R AU - Colle, R AU - Laureano-Perez, L AU - Pibida, L AU - Hammond, M M AU - Nour, S AU - Zimmerman, B E AD - Physics Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, ryan.fitzgerald@nist.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 SP - 1303 EP - 1308 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK VL - 68 IS - 7-8 SN - 0969-8043, 0969-8043 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Th-229 KW - Thorium KW - Primary standard KW - Radiochronometry KW - Tracer KW - Radioactivity KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Standard KW - Isotopes KW - Emission measurements KW - Emissions KW - Standards KW - Decay KW - Technology KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745729983?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Radiation+and+Isotopes&rft.atitle=A+new+primary+standardization+of+super%28229%29Th&rft.au=Fitzgerald%2C+R%3BColle%2C+R%3BLaureano-Perez%2C+L%3BPibida%2C+L%3BHammond%2C+M+M%3BNour%2C+S%3BZimmerman%2C+B+E&rft.aulast=Fitzgerald&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=7-8&rft.spage=1303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Radiation+and+Isotopes&rft.issn=09698043&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apradiso.2010.01.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Isotopes; Emissions; Emission measurements; Standards; Decay; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2010.01.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An automated ionization chamber for secondary radioactivity standards AN - 745713528; 13141905 AB - I report on the operation and characterization of a new ionization chamber system, AUTOIC, featuring a commercial digital electrometer and a commercial robotic sample changer. The relative accuracy of the electrometer was improved significantly beyond the manufacturer's specifications through an in-house calibration of the various ranges, applied via software. The measurement precision and repeatability of the system have been determined by measuring multiple samples of the same radionuclide over the span of two or three years. The linearity of the system was examined by following the decay of super(99m)Tc, super(99)Mo and super(133)Xe sources for up to 19 half-lives and determining half-life values. All of these values agree with the accepted literature values, within their combined uncertainties. JF - Applied Radiation and Isotopes AU - Fitzgerald, R AD - Physics Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, ryan.fitzgerald@nist.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 SP - 1507 EP - 1509 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK VL - 68 IS - 7-8 SN - 0969-8043, 0969-8043 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Ionization chamber KW - Radioactivity KW - Isotopes KW - Computer programs KW - software KW - Radioisotopes KW - robotics KW - Decay KW - Ionization KW - X 24390:Radioactive Materials KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745713528?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Radiation+and+Isotopes&rft.atitle=An+automated+ionization+chamber+for+secondary+radioactivity+standards&rft.au=Fitzgerald%2C+R&rft.aulast=Fitzgerald&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=7-8&rft.spage=1507&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Radiation+and+Isotopes&rft.issn=09698043&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apradiso.2009.12.008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Computer programs; software; Isotopes; Radioisotopes; robotics; Radioactivity; Ionization; Decay DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2009.12.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation into the standardization of super(99)Tc AN - 745713524; 13141902 AB - The standardization of super(99)Tc by several primary methods was investigated. This was performed to support a new super(99)Tc transfer standard that has been developed and will be disseminated by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) as Standard Reference Material SRM 4288B. The standardization for the super(99)Tc content of the solution was based on 4[pi]b liquid scintillation (LS) measurements with super(3)H-standard efficiency tracing (CIEMAT/NIST method). Confirmatory determinations were performed by 4[pi]b(LS)-g(NaI) live-timed anti-coincidence (LTAC) counting and an LS-based 4[pi]b triple-to-double coincidence ratio (TDCR) method. JF - Applied Radiation and Isotopes AU - Laureano-Perez, L AU - Colle, R AU - Fitzgerald, R AU - Zimmerman, B E AU - Cumberland, L AD - Physics Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology super(1), Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8462, USA, lizbeth.laureano-perez@nist.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 SP - 1489 EP - 1494 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK VL - 68 IS - 7-8 SN - 0969-8043, 0969-8043 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Anti-coincidence counting KW - Beta counting KW - CIEMAT/NIST method KW - Efficiency tracing KW - Liquid scintillation (LS) KW - Radioactivity KW - SRM KW - Standards KW - Technetium-99 KW - Isotopes KW - Technology KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745713524?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Radiation+and+Isotopes&rft.atitle=Investigation+into+the+standardization+of+super%2899%29Tc&rft.au=Laureano-Perez%2C+L%3BColle%2C+R%3BFitzgerald%2C+R%3BZimmerman%2C+B+E%3BCumberland%2C+L&rft.aulast=Laureano-Perez&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=7-8&rft.spage=1489&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Radiation+and+Isotopes&rft.issn=09698043&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apradiso.2009.11.049 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Isotopes; Standards; Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2009.11.049 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of secondary standards for super(223)Ra AN - 744712880; 13141877 AB - Ra-223 is a bone-seeking alpha emitter currently being evaluated as a radiopharmaceutical. Concurrent with the primary standardization, NIST established that calibration factors currently used for radionuclide calibrators in the clinical setting give readings 5.7-8.7% higher than the NIST calibrated activity. This work describes the determination of calibration factors specific to dose vials and syringes. Using the calibration factors derived with standard ampoules to measure syringe activities can give readings up to 3.6% too high. JF - Applied Radiation and Isotopes AU - Bergeron, Denis E AU - Zimmerman, Brian E AU - Cessna, Jeffrey T AD - Physics Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8462, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, denis.bergeron@nist.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 SP - 1367 EP - 1370 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK VL - 68 IS - 7-8 SN - 0969-8043, 0969-8043 KW - Environment Abstracts; Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts KW - Dose calibrator KW - Secondary standardization KW - Ionization chamber KW - Standardization KW - Isotopes KW - syringes KW - Radioisotopes KW - Syringes KW - Pharmaceuticals KW - Standards KW - Language KW - T 2065:General and Miscellaneous Topics KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/744712880?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Radiation+and+Isotopes&rft.atitle=Development+of+secondary+standards+for+super%28223%29Ra&rft.au=Bergeron%2C+Denis+E%3BZimmerman%2C+Brian+E%3BCessna%2C+Jeffrey+T&rft.aulast=Bergeron&rft.aufirst=Denis&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=7-8&rft.spage=1367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Radiation+and+Isotopes&rft.issn=09698043&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apradiso.2009.11.005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Standardization; Isotopes; Radioisotopes; Pharmaceuticals; Syringes; Language; syringes; Standards DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2009.11.005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Results of an international comparison of super(57)Co AN - 744709394; 13141847 AB - As part of a Cooperative Research Project (CRP) aimed at improving the state of radioactivity measurement in nuclear medicine, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) organized a comparison of super(57)Co solutions among the participants of the project. The comparison solutions were prepared from a single master stock solution and distributed to the participating laboratories, who measured the activity concentration of the solution using either the laboratory's radionuclide activity calibrator or primary standardization methods. A total of 9 sets of results were received, with 5 laboratories reporting results of primary measurements, one reporting results of secondary measurements calibrated against primary standards, and three laboratories reporting values based on measurements in commercial re-entrant ionization chambers using manufacturer-recommended calibration figures. Most of the laboratories reporting primary standardizations also provided results from secondary standardizations. The Comparison Reference Value was calculated from the mean of the five primary standardizations and was found to be 35.54 MBq g super(-1), with a standard deviation of the mean of 0.17 MBq g super(-1). Degrees of equivalence were calculated for each reporting laboratory and demonstrated that equivalence to within about 4% could be achieved, even in the case of those laboratories that used instruments calibrated by third parties. JF - Applied Radiation and Isotopes AU - Zimmerman, B E AU - Palm, S AD - Physics Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8462, USA, bez@nist.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 SP - 1217 EP - 1220 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK VL - 68 IS - 7-8 SN - 0969-8043, 0969-8043 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Isotopes KW - comparative studies KW - Radioisotopes KW - Standards KW - Nuclear energy KW - Radioactivity KW - cooperatives KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - P 8000:RADIATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/744709394?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Radiation+and+Isotopes&rft.atitle=Results+of+an+international+comparison+of+super%2857%29Co&rft.au=Zimmerman%2C+B+E%3BPalm%2C+S&rft.aulast=Zimmerman&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=7-8&rft.spage=1217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Radiation+and+Isotopes&rft.issn=09698043&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.apradiso.2009.12.021 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Isotopes; comparative studies; Radioisotopes; Nuclear energy; Standards; Radioactivity; cooperatives DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2009.12.021 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Reproductive Stage and Temperature on Rates of Oxygen Consumption in Paralithodes platypus (Decapoda: Anomura) AN - 744626264; 13197456 AB - Paralithodes platypus is a large decapod that inhabits Alaskan and North Pacific waters. Females exhibit a biennial spawning cycle, requiring two years for production of fully mature ooecytes. We used respirometry and video recording to determine: 1) metabolic rates of brooding and post-brooding females, embryos, and larvae at different temperatures, 2) if females exhibit active brood care, 3) oxygen availability within the clutch, and 4) the timing of larval hatching. The rates of oxygen consumption (MO2) of brooding females was significantly higher than that of post-brooding females at night, but was similar during the day and increased significantly with temperature. MO2 of crab embryos did not differ with position in the clutch, whereas MO2 of zoeae averaged 4-fold higher than that of embryos. Larvae from the periphery of the embryo mass, either top or bottom, hatched prior to larvae from the middle of the clutch. Oxygen availability in the embryo mass varied significantly with position in the clutch; saturation was highest at the top (~ 91%), and lowest at the middle (~ 66%). Flapping of the pleon in brooding females was coincident with sudden increases in oxygen availability at the bottom of the embryo mass. The percentage of time that brooding females were engaged in flapping of the pleon was 30% higher at night than during the day. Our results address the cost of brooding in a lithodid crab and the effects of temperature on this behavior. The importance of pleonal flapping to ventilation of the embryo mass and alternative hatching mechanisms is discussed. JF - Journal of Crustacean Biology AU - Romero, MCarolina AU - Tapella, Federico AU - Stevens, Bradley AU - Buck, CLoren AD - National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Kodiak Fishery Research Center, 301 Research Ct., Kodiak, Alaska 99615, U.S.A Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 SP - 393 EP - 400 PB - Crustacean Society VL - 30 IS - 3 SN - 0278-0372, 0278-0372 KW - Blue king crab KW - Crabs KW - Crayfishes KW - Lobsters KW - Prawns KW - Shrimp KW - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Temperature effects KW - Oxygen consumption KW - Paralithodes platypus KW - Decapoda KW - Ventilation KW - Brood care KW - Anomura KW - Metabolic rate KW - Life cycle KW - Spawning KW - Zoeae KW - IN, North Pacific KW - Clutch KW - Embryos KW - Reproduction KW - Hatching KW - Aquatic mammals KW - Crustacean larvae KW - Abiotic factors KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - O 1030:Invertebrates KW - Q1 08284:Reproduction and development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/744626264?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Crustacean+Biology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Reproductive+Stage+and+Temperature+on+Rates+of+Oxygen+Consumption+in+Paralithodes+platypus+%28Decapoda%3A+Anomura%29&rft.au=Romero%2C+MCarolina%3BTapella%2C+Federico%3BStevens%2C+Bradley%3BBuck%2C+CLoren&rft.aulast=Romero&rft.aufirst=MCarolina&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=393&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Crustacean+Biology&rft.issn=02780372&rft_id=info:doi/10.1651%2F09-3203.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oxygen consumption; Temperature effects; Clutch; Life cycle; Reproduction; Aquatic mammals; Crustacean larvae; Zoeae; Abiotic factors; Ventilation; Brood care; Metabolic rate; Embryos; Spawning; Hatching; Paralithodes platypus; Decapoda; Anomura; IN, North Pacific DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1651/09-3203.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural sunlight and residual fuel oils are an acutely lethal combination for fish embryos. AN - 733263541; 20435358 AB - The majority of studies characterizing the mechanisms of oil toxicity in fish embryos and larvae have focused largely on unrefined crude oil. Few studies have addressed the toxicity of modern bunker fuels, which contain residual oils that are the highly processed and chemically distinct remains of the crude oil refinement process. Here we use zebrafish embryos to investigate potential toxicological differences between unrefined crude and residual fuel oils, and test the effects of sunlight as an additional stressor. Using mechanically dispersed oil preparations, the embryotoxicity of two bunker oils was compared to a standard crude oil from the Alaska North Slope. In the absence of sunlight, all three oils produced the stereotypical cardiac toxicity that has been linked to the fraction of tricyclic aromatic compounds in an oil mixture. However, the cardiotoxicity of bunker oils did not correlate strictly with the concentrations of tricyclic compounds. Moreover, when embryos were sequentially exposed to oil and natural sunlight, the bunker oils produced a rapid onset cell-lethal toxicity not observed with crude oil. To investigate the chemical basis of this differential toxicity, a GC/MS full scan analysis was used to identify a range of compounds that were enriched in the bunker oils. The much higher phototoxic potential of chemically distinct bunker oils observed here suggests that this mode of action should be considered in the assessment of bunker oil spill impacts, and indicates the need for a broader approach to understanding the aquatic toxicity of different oils. Published by Elsevier B.V. JF - Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) AU - Hatlen, Kristin AU - Sloan, Catherine A AU - Burrows, Douglas G AU - Collier, Tracy K AU - Scholz, Nathaniel L AU - Incardona, John P AD - Environmental Conservation Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112, USA. Y1 - 2010/08/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 01 SP - 56 EP - 64 VL - 99 IS - 1 KW - Fuel Oils KW - 0 KW - Petroleum KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- toxicity KW - Petroleum -- toxicity KW - Weather KW - Petroleum -- radiation effects KW - Animals KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- radiation effects KW - Seasons KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry KW - Disasters KW - Alaska KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- chemistry KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- chemistry KW - Fuel Oils -- radiation effects KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Sunlight -- adverse effects KW - Embryo, Nonmammalian -- radiation effects KW - Fuel Oils -- toxicity KW - Zebrafish -- embryology KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- radiation effects KW - Embryo, Nonmammalian -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/733263541?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+toxicology+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.atitle=Natural+sunlight+and+residual+fuel+oils+are+an+acutely+lethal+combination+for+fish+embryos.&rft.au=Hatlen%2C+Kristin%3BSloan%2C+Catherine+A%3BBurrows%2C+Douglas+G%3BCollier%2C+Tracy+K%3BScholz%2C+Nathaniel+L%3BIncardona%2C+John+P&rft.aulast=Hatlen&rft.aufirst=Kristin&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=56&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+toxicology+%28Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands%29&rft.issn=1879-1514&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.aquatox.2010.04.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2011-06-17 N1 - Date created - 2010-06-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2010.04.002 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Impact of satellite surface wind observations on ocean surface wind analyses and numerical weather prediction T2 - VI Conference on Atmospheric and Environmental Remote Sensing Data Processing and Utilization: Readiness for GEOSS IV AN - 41673656; 9946336; 6024905 JF - VI Conference on Atmospheric and Environmental Remote Sensing Data Processing and Utilization: Readiness for GEOSS IV AU - Atlas, Robert Y1 - 2010/08/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 01 KW - Remote sensing KW - Satellites KW - Oceans KW - Weather forecasting KW - Wind UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/41673656?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=VI+Conference+on+Atmospheric+and+Environmental+Remote+Sensing+Data+Processing+and+Utilization%3A+Readiness+for+GEOSS+IV&rft.atitle=Impact+of+satellite+surface+wind+observations+on+ocean+surface+wind+analyses+and+numerical+weather+prediction&rft.au=Atlas%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Atlas&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=VI+Conference+on+Atmospheric+and+Environmental+Remote+Sensing+Data+Processing+and+Utilization%3A+Readiness+for+GEOSS+IV&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://spie.org/Documents/ConferencesExhibitions/OP10-Final-lr.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-02-17 N1 - Last updated - 2012-09-05 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Eosinophilia and biotoxin exposure in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) from a coastal area impacted by repeated mortality events AN - 1730052352; 13248092 AB - Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) inhabiting coastal waters in the northern Gulf of Mexico have been impacted by recurrent unusual mortality events over the past few decades. Several of these mortality events along the Florida panhandle have been tentatively attributed to poisoning from brevetoxin produced by the dinoflagellate Karenia brevis. While dolphins in other regions of the Florida coast are often exposed to K. brevis blooms, large-scale dolphin mortality events are relatively rare and the frequency and magnitude of die-offs along the Panhandle raise concern for the apparent vulnerability of dolphins in this region. We report results from dolphin health assessments conducted near St. Joseph Bay, Florida, an area impacted by 3 unusual die-offs within a 7-year time span. An eosinophilia syndrome, manifested as an elevated blood eosinophil count without obvious cause, was observed in 23% of sampled dolphins. Elevated eosinophil counts were associated with decreased T-lymphocyte proliferation and increased neutrophil phagocytosis. In addition, indication of chronic low-level exposure to another algal toxin, domoic acid produced by the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia spp., was determined. Previous studies of other marine mammal populations exposed recurrently to Pseudo-nitzschia blooms have suggested a possible link between the eosinophilia and domoic acid exposure. While the chronic eosinophilia syndrome could over the long-term produce organ damage and alter immunological status and thereby increase vulnerability to other challenges, the significance of the high prevalence of the syndrome to the observed mortality events in the St. Joseph Bay area is unclear. Nonetheless, the unusual immunological findings and concurrent evidence of domoic acid exposure in this sentinel marine species suggest a need for further investigation to elucidate potential links between chronic, low-level exposure to algal toxins and immune health. JF - Environmental Research AU - Schwacke, Lori H AU - Twiner, Michael J AU - De Guise, Sylvain AU - Balmer, Brian C AU - Wells, Randall S AU - Townsend, Forrest I AU - Rotstein, David C AU - Varela, Rene A AU - Hansen, Larry J AU - Zolman, Eric S AU - Spradlin, Trevor R AU - Levin, Milton AU - Leibrecht, Heather AU - Wang, Zhihong AU - Rowles, Teresa K AD - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, Center for Human Health Risks, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - August 2010 SP - 548 EP - 555 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 110 IS - 6 SN - 0013-9351, 0013-9351 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Marine mammal KW - Biotoxin KW - Domoic acid KW - Immunology KW - Eosinophil KW - Mortality KW - Links KW - Dolphins KW - Blooms KW - Eosinophils KW - Health KW - Counting KW - Toxins KW - Elevated KW - Marine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1730052352?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=Eosinophilia+and+biotoxin+exposure+in+bottlenose+dolphins+%28Tursiops+truncatus%29+from+a+coastal+area+impacted+by+repeated+mortality+events&rft.au=Schwacke%2C+Lori+H%3BTwiner%2C+Michael+J%3BDe+Guise%2C+Sylvain%3BBalmer%2C+Brian+C%3BWells%2C+Randall+S%3BTownsend%2C+Forrest+I%3BRotstein%2C+David+C%3BVarela%2C+Rene+A%3BHansen%2C+Larry+J%3BZolman%2C+Eric+S%3BSpradlin%2C+Trevor+R%3BLevin%2C+Milton%3BLeibrecht%2C+Heather%3BWang%2C+Zhihong%3BRowles%2C+Teresa+K&rft.aulast=Schwacke&rft.aufirst=Lori&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=548&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research&rft.issn=00139351&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.envres.2010.05.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2010.05.003 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Forest road erosion control using multiobjective optimization AN - 1400617018; 2013-052721 AB - Forest roads are associated with accelerated erosion and can be a major source of sediment delivery to streams, which can degrade aquatic habitat. Controlling road-related erosion therefore remains an important issue for forest stewardship. Managers are faced with the task to develop efficient road management strategies to achieve conflicting environmental and economic goals. This manuscript uses mathematical programming techniques to identify the efficient frontier between sediment reduction and treatment costs. Information on the nature of the tradeoffs between conflicting objectives can give the decision maker more insight into the problem, and help in reaching a suitable compromise solution. This approach avoids difficulties associated with a priori establishment of targets for sediment reduction, preferences between competing objectives, and mechanisms to scale noncommensurate objectives. Computational results demonstrate the utility of this multiobjective optimization approach, which should facilitate tradeoff analysis and ideally promote efficient erosion control on forest roads. Abstract Copyright (2010), American Water Resources Association. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Thompson, Matthew AU - Sessions, John AU - Boston, Kevin AU - Skaugset, Arne AU - Tomberlin, David Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - August 2010 SP - 712 EP - 723 PB - Wiley Interscience on behalf of American Water Resources Association, Middleburg, VA VL - 46 IS - 4 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - forests KW - erosion KW - numerical analysis KW - Mendocino County California KW - watersheds KW - water management KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - water erosion KW - erosion features KW - public lands KW - California KW - mitigation KW - erosion control KW - sediments KW - Caspar Creek watershed KW - policy KW - Jackson Demonstration State Forest KW - water pollution KW - roads KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1400617018?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Forest+road+erosion+control+using+multiobjective+optimization&rft.au=Thompson%2C+Matthew%3BSessions%2C+John%3BBoston%2C+Kevin%3BSkaugset%2C+Arne%3BTomberlin%2C+David&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=712&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1752-1688.2010.00443.x L2 - http://www.wiley.com/bw/journal.asp?ref=1093-474X&site=1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 71 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; Caspar Creek watershed; erosion; erosion control; erosion features; forests; hydrology; Jackson Demonstration State Forest; Mendocino County California; mitigation; numerical analysis; optimization; policy; pollution; public lands; roads; sediments; United States; water erosion; water management; water pollution; watersheds DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00443.x ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Terahertz Spectroscopy for Investigating Biomolecular Structure and Carrier Dynamics in Photovoltaic Nanofilms T2 - 2010 Gordon Research Conference on Vibrational Spectroscopy AN - 1313000680; 6014819 JF - 2010 Gordon Research Conference on Vibrational Spectroscopy AU - Heilweil, Edwin Y1 - 2010/08/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 01 KW - Spectroscopy KW - solar cells UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1313000680?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+Gordon+Research+Conference+on+Vibrational+Spectroscopy&rft.atitle=Terahertz+Spectroscopy+for+Investigating+Biomolecular+Structure+and+Carrier+Dynamics+in+Photovoltaic+Nanofilms&rft.au=Heilweil%2C+Edwin&rft.aulast=Heilweil&rft.aufirst=Edwin&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+Gordon+Research+Conference+on+Vibrational+Spectroscopy&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.grc.org/programs.aspx?year=2010&program=vibrspectr LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Learn Latex for Efficient Thesis Writing T2 - 95th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2010) AN - 1312980338; 6028444 JF - 95th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2010) AU - Yasmin, Lucero Y1 - 2010/08/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 01 KW - latex KW - Latex UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312980338?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=95th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2010%29&rft.atitle=Learn+Latex+for+Efficient+Thesis+Writing&rft.au=Yasmin%2C+Lucero&rft.aulast=Yasmin&rft.aufirst=Lucero&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=95th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2010/techprogram/index.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Analysis of Time-Series Data using State-Space and Hierarchical Modeling T2 - 95th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2010) AN - 1312980153; 6028439 JF - 95th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2010) AU - Holmes, Eli Y1 - 2010/08/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 01 KW - time series analysis KW - Data processing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312980153?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=95th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2010%29&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+Time-Series+Data+using+State-Space+and+Hierarchical+Modeling&rft.au=Holmes%2C+Eli&rft.aulast=Holmes&rft.aufirst=Eli&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=95th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2010/techprogram/index.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Effect of current fishery regulations on the Northern Gulf of California marine ecosystem T2 - 95th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2010) AN - 1312963776; 6029579 JF - 95th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2010) AU - Morzaria-Luna, Hem AU - Ainsworth, Cameron AU - Kaplan, Isaac Y1 - 2010/08/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 01 KW - Mexico, California Gulf KW - Fisheries KW - marine ecosystems KW - Marine ecosystems KW - Fishery regulations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312963776?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=95th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2010%29&rft.atitle=Effect+of+current+fishery+regulations+on+the+Northern+Gulf+of+California+marine+ecosystem&rft.au=Morzaria-Luna%2C+Hem%3BAinsworth%2C+Cameron%3BKaplan%2C+Isaac&rft.aulast=Morzaria-Luna&rft.aufirst=Hem&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=95th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2010/techprogram/index.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Fishing catch shares in the face of global change: A framework for integrating cumulative impacts and single species management T2 - 95th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2010) AN - 1312943527; 6029681 JF - 95th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2010) AU - Kaplan, Isaac Y1 - 2010/08/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 01 KW - catches KW - fishing KW - Fishing KW - Fishery management KW - Environmental impact UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312943527?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=95th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2010%29&rft.atitle=Fishing+catch+shares+in+the+face+of+global+change%3A+A+framework+for+integrating+cumulative+impacts+and+single+species+management&rft.au=Kaplan%2C+Isaac&rft.aulast=Kaplan&rft.aufirst=Isaac&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=95th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2010/techprogram/index.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Ocean Policy Task Force: Using information about ecosystem services in marine spatial planning T2 - 95th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2010) AN - 1312938691; 6030854 JF - 95th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2010) AU - Sandifer, Paul Y1 - 2010/08/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 01 KW - Environmental planning KW - ocean policy KW - spatial distribution KW - Marine environment KW - Ocean policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312938691?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=95th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2010%29&rft.atitle=The+Ocean+Policy+Task+Force%3A+Using+information+about+ecosystem+services+in+marine+spatial+planning&rft.au=Sandifer%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Sandifer&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=95th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2010/techprogram/index.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Marine ecosystem services in a changing world: synthesis of the Climate Impacts Report for policy makers T2 - 95th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2010) AN - 1312938647; 6030853 JF - 95th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2010) AU - Ruckelshaus, Mary Y1 - 2010/08/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 01 KW - marine ecosystems KW - Climate KW - Marine ecosystems KW - Policies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312938647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=95th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2010%29&rft.atitle=Marine+ecosystem+services+in+a+changing+world%3A+synthesis+of+the+Climate+Impacts+Report+for+policy+makers&rft.au=Ruckelshaus%2C+Mary&rft.aulast=Ruckelshaus&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=95th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2010/techprogram/index.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - An investigation of in situ denitrification in urban and forested wetlands using the 15N push-pull method T2 - 95th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2010) AN - 1312935650; 6029562 JF - 95th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2010) AU - Harrison, Melanie AU - Groffman, Peter AU - Mayer, Paul AU - Kaushal, Sujay Y1 - 2010/08/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 01 KW - Urban areas KW - forested wetlands KW - Denitrification KW - Wetlands KW - Nitrogen isotopes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312935650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=95th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2010%29&rft.atitle=An+investigation+of+in+situ+denitrification+in+urban+and+forested+wetlands+using+the+15N+push-pull+method&rft.au=Harrison%2C+Melanie%3BGroffman%2C+Peter%3BMayer%2C+Paul%3BKaushal%2C+Sujay&rft.aulast=Harrison&rft.aufirst=Melanie&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=95th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2010/techprogram/index.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Potential changes in life-history diversity within Snake River spring/summer Chinook salmon in response to climate change T2 - 95th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2010) AN - 1312934109; 6029105 JF - 95th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2010) AU - Crozier, Lisa Y1 - 2010/08/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 01 KW - USA, Snake R. KW - summer KW - life history KW - Climatic changes KW - salmon KW - Rivers KW - Temperature effects KW - Species diversity KW - Anadromous species KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312934109?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=95th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2010%29&rft.atitle=Potential+changes+in+life-history+diversity+within+Snake+River+spring%2Fsummer+Chinook+salmon+in+response+to+climate+change&rft.au=Crozier%2C+Lisa&rft.aulast=Crozier&rft.aufirst=Lisa&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=95th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2010/techprogram/index.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Potential impacts of climate change in northeast Pacific marine food webs T2 - 95th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2010) AN - 1312930157; 6028485 JF - 95th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2010) AU - Samhouri, Jameal AU - Ainsworth, Cameron AU - Busch, D AU - Okey, Thomas AU - Cheung, William Y1 - 2010/08/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 01 KW - Pacific KW - food webs KW - Climatic changes KW - Food webs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312930157?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=95th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2010%29&rft.atitle=Potential+impacts+of+climate+change+in+northeast+Pacific+marine+food+webs&rft.au=Samhouri%2C+Jameal%3BAinsworth%2C+Cameron%3BBusch%2C+D%3BOkey%2C+Thomas%3BCheung%2C+William&rft.aulast=Samhouri&rft.aufirst=Jameal&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=95th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2010/techprogram/index.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Tropical storm influence on nitrous oxide emissions from the Gulf of Mexico hypoxic region T2 - 95th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2010) AN - 1312916337; 6029877 JF - 95th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2010) AU - Stow, Craig AU - Walker, John AU - Geron, Chris Y1 - 2010/08/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 01 KW - Mexico Gulf KW - Hypoxia KW - Storms KW - Nitrous oxide KW - Emissions KW - Tropical depressions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312916337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=95th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2010%29&rft.atitle=Tropical+storm+influence+on+nitrous+oxide+emissions+from+the+Gulf+of+Mexico+hypoxic+region&rft.au=Stow%2C+Craig%3BWalker%2C+John%3BGeron%2C+Chris&rft.aulast=Stow&rft.aufirst=Craig&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=95th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2010/techprogram/index.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Hot sour soup: Coral thresholds in two dimensions from one causative agent T2 - 95th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2010) AN - 1312913267; 6029111 JF - 95th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2010) AU - Eakin, C AU - Hoegh-Guldberg, Ove AU - Donner, Simon AU - Gledhill, Dwight AU - Christensen, Tyler AU - Heron, Scott AU - Liu, Gang AU - Morgan, Jessica AU - Parker, Britt AU - Skirving, William AU - Strong, Alan Y1 - 2010/08/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 01 KW - Coral reefs KW - Soups KW - Sour taste UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312913267?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=95th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2010%29&rft.atitle=Hot+sour+soup%3A+Coral+thresholds+in+two+dimensions+from+one+causative+agent&rft.au=Eakin%2C+C%3BHoegh-Guldberg%2C+Ove%3BDonner%2C+Simon%3BGledhill%2C+Dwight%3BChristensen%2C+Tyler%3BHeron%2C+Scott%3BLiu%2C+Gang%3BMorgan%2C+Jessica%3BParker%2C+Britt%3BSkirving%2C+William%3BStrong%2C+Alan&rft.aulast=Eakin&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=95th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2010/techprogram/index.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Improvement of the use of MSG and GOES data in the NCEP GDAS T2 - VI Conference on Atmospheric and Environmental Remote Sensing Data Processing and Utilization: Readiness for GEOSS IV AN - 1312900388; 6024906 JF - VI Conference on Atmospheric and Environmental Remote Sensing Data Processing and Utilization: Readiness for GEOSS IV AU - Zhu, Tong AU - Weng, Fuzhong AU - Liu, Haixia AU - Derber, John Y1 - 2010/08/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 01 KW - Data processing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312900388?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=VI+Conference+on+Atmospheric+and+Environmental+Remote+Sensing+Data+Processing+and+Utilization%3A+Readiness+for+GEOSS+IV&rft.atitle=Improvement+of+the+use+of+MSG+and+GOES+data+in+the+NCEP+GDAS&rft.au=Zhu%2C+Tong%3BWeng%2C+Fuzhong%3BLiu%2C+Haixia%3BDerber%2C+John&rft.aulast=Zhu&rft.aufirst=Tong&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=VI+Conference+on+Atmospheric+and+Environmental+Remote+Sensing+Data+Processing+and+Utilization%3A+Readiness+for+GEOSS+IV&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://spie.org/Documents/ConferencesExhibitions/OP10-Final-lr.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Food web impacts of brook trout invasion in salmon rearing streams of the Snake River Basin, ID T2 - 95th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2010) AN - 1312897313; 6028664 JF - 95th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA 2010) AU - Warren, Dana AU - McClure, Michelle AU - Sanderson, Beth Y1 - 2010/08/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 01 KW - USA, Snake R. KW - food webs KW - Streams KW - salmon KW - invasions KW - River basins KW - Food webs KW - Fish culture KW - Anadromous species KW - Salmonidae UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312897313?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=95th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2010%29&rft.atitle=Food+web+impacts+of+brook+trout+invasion+in+salmon+rearing+streams+of+the+Snake+River+Basin%2C+ID&rft.au=Warren%2C+Dana%3BMcClure%2C+Michelle%3BSanderson%2C+Beth&rft.aulast=Warren&rft.aufirst=Dana&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=95th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Ecological+Society+of+America+%28ESA+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://eco.confex.com/eco/2010/techprogram/index.htm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Extended inter-comparison of collocated MetOp-A AVHRR - IASI brightness temperature data and its implication for AVHRR calibration T2 - VI Conference on Atmospheric and Environmental Remote Sensing Data Processing and Utilization: Readiness for GEOSS IV AN - 1312885079; 6024910 JF - VI Conference on Atmospheric and Environmental Remote Sensing Data Processing and Utilization: Readiness for GEOSS IV AU - Kovilakom, Rama Varma AU - Wu, Xiangqian Y1 - 2010/08/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 01 KW - Temperature effects KW - Data processing KW - Brightness KW - Surface radiation temperature KW - Iasis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312885079?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=VI+Conference+on+Atmospheric+and+Environmental+Remote+Sensing+Data+Processing+and+Utilization%3A+Readiness+for+GEOSS+IV&rft.atitle=Extended+inter-comparison+of+collocated+MetOp-A+AVHRR+-+IASI+brightness+temperature+data+and+its+implication+for+AVHRR+calibration&rft.au=Kovilakom%2C+Rama+Varma%3BWu%2C+Xiangqian&rft.aulast=Kovilakom&rft.aufirst=Rama&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=VI+Conference+on+Atmospheric+and+Environmental+Remote+Sensing+Data+Processing+and+Utilization%3A+Readiness+for+GEOSS+IV&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://spie.org/Documents/ConferencesExhibitions/OP10-Final-lr.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Report on the NIST workshop of Dec. 10, 2009: calibration strategies for bridging possible climate data gaps T2 - VI Conference on Atmospheric and Environmental Remote Sensing Data Processing and Utilization: Readiness for GEOSS IV AN - 1312885031; 6024908 JF - VI Conference on Atmospheric and Environmental Remote Sensing Data Processing and Utilization: Readiness for GEOSS IV AU - Datla, Raju AU - Rice, Joseph AU - Cooksey, Catherine AU - Thome, Kurtis AU - Barnes, Robert AU - Cao, Changyong Y1 - 2010/08/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 01 KW - Data processing KW - Climate UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312885031?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=VI+Conference+on+Atmospheric+and+Environmental+Remote+Sensing+Data+Processing+and+Utilization%3A+Readiness+for+GEOSS+IV&rft.atitle=Report+on+the+NIST+workshop+of+Dec.+10%2C+2009%3A+calibration+strategies+for+bridging+possible+climate+data+gaps&rft.au=Datla%2C+Raju%3BRice%2C+Joseph%3BCooksey%2C+Catherine%3BThome%2C+Kurtis%3BBarnes%2C+Robert%3BCao%2C+Changyong&rft.aulast=Datla&rft.aufirst=Raju&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=VI+Conference+on+Atmospheric+and+Environmental+Remote+Sensing+Data+Processing+and+Utilization%3A+Readiness+for+GEOSS+IV&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://spie.org/Documents/ConferencesExhibitions/OP10-Final-lr.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Low-Energy EELS of Au Nanoparticles T2 - 2010 Microscopy and Microanalysis Meeting (M&M 2010) AN - 1312884655; 6025051 JF - 2010 Microscopy and Microanalysis Meeting (M&M 2010) AU - Meier, Douglas Y1 - 2010/08/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Aug 01 KW - nanoparticles KW - Catadromous species UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312884655?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+Microscopy+and+Microanalysis+Meeting+%28M%26M+2010%29&rft.atitle=Low-Energy+EELS+of+Au+Nanoparticles&rft.au=Meier%2C+Douglas&rft.aulast=Meier&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+Microscopy+and+Microanalysis+Meeting+%28M%26M+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.microscopy.org/MandM/2010/posters.cfm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Low-cost, high-throughput, automated counting of bacterial colonies AN - 1017979450; 16714570 AB - Research involving bacterial pathogens often requires enumeration of bacteria colonies. Here, we present a low-cost, high-throughput colony counting system consisting of colony counting software and a consumer-grade digital camera or document scanner. We demonstrate that this software, called 'NICE' (NIST's Integrated Colony Enumerator), can count bacterial colonies as part of a high-throughput multiplexed opsonophagocytic killing assay used to characterize pneumococcal vaccine efficacy. The results obtained with NICE correlate well with the results obtained from manual counting, with a mean difference of less than 3%. NICE is also rapid; it can count colonies from multiple reaction wells within minutes and export the results to a spreadsheet for data processing. As this program is freely available from NIST, NICE should be helpful in bacteria colony enumeration required in many microbiological studies, and in standardizing colony counting methods. Published 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. JF - Cytometry Part A AU - Clarke, Matthew L AU - Burton, Robert L AU - Hill, A Nayo AU - Litorja, Maritoni AU - Nahm, Moon H AU - Hwang, Jeeseong AD - Optical Technology Division, Physics Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, jch@nist.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 SP - 790 EP - 797 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 77A IS - 8 SN - 1552-4930, 1552-4930 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Cameras KW - Colonies KW - Computer programs KW - Counting methods KW - Cytometry KW - Data processing KW - Enumeration KW - Pathogens KW - Vaccines KW - software KW - Bacteria KW - Streptococcus pneumoniae KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - W 30915:Pharmaceuticals & Vaccines UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1017979450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cytometry+Part+A&rft.atitle=Low-cost%2C+high-throughput%2C+automated+counting+of+bacterial+colonies&rft.au=Clarke%2C+Matthew+L%3BBurton%2C+Robert+L%3BHill%2C+A+Nayo%3BLitorja%2C+Maritoni%3BNahm%2C+Moon+H%3BHwang%2C+Jeeseong&rft.aulast=Clarke&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=77A&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=790&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cytometry+Part+A&rft.issn=15524930&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fcyto.a.20864 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cyto.a.20864/abstract LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-01-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Computer programs; software; Colonies; Data processing; Cameras; Counting methods; Vaccines; Pathogens; Enumeration; Cytometry; Bacteria; Streptococcus pneumoniae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cyto.a.20864 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determining thermal properties of gypsum board at elevated temperatures AN - 1017968808; 16698306 AB - The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Center for Better Living have formed a collaboration to assess the performance and failure mechanisms of gypsum wall assemblies under real fires/furnace conditions. These measurements are being used to compile an experimental database necessary to validate models that could be used to predict their performance and ultimate failure under various design fires. A critical component of the database is thermal property data of gypsum board. The present paper describes the results of an effort to quantify thermal properties of gypsum board. The thermal conductivity specific heat mass loss and linear contraction for gypsum board types widely used in the U.S.A. and Japan were measured both at room temperature and at elevated temperatures. The gypsum board types tested include Type X and Type C from the U.S.A. and Type R and Type F from Japan. Results indicate that the difference in thermal properties of all gypsum board samples tested in the present study is not significant particularly at elevated temperatures. A large difference in linear contraction among gypsum board samples was observed at elevated temperatures, implying a significant difference in mechanical behavior at fire temperatures. The experimental data set provides valuable information that can be used to model the behavior of gypsum board at elevated temperatures. JF - Fire and Materials AU - Park, Seul-Hyun AU - Manzello, Samuel L AU - Bentz, Dale P AU - Mizukami, Tensei AD - Fire Research Division, Building and Fire Research Laboratory (BFRL), National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD 20899 U.S.A., samuel.manzello@nist.gov Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - Aug 2010 SP - 237 EP - 250 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 34 IS - 5 SN - 1099-1018, 1099-1018 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Fires KW - Furnaces KW - thermal conductivity KW - specific heat KW - Temperature KW - Japan KW - Technology KW - H 7000:Fire Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1017968808?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fire+and+Materials&rft.atitle=Determining+thermal+properties+of+gypsum+board+at+elevated+temperatures&rft.au=Park%2C+Seul-Hyun%3BManzello%2C+Samuel+L%3BBentz%2C+Dale+P%3BMizukami%2C+Tensei&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=Seul-Hyun&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fire+and+Materials&rft.issn=10991018&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Ffam.1017 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/fam.1017/abstract LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fires; Furnaces; thermal conductivity; specific heat; Temperature; Technology; Japan DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fam.1017 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid dispersal of a hydrothermal plume by turbulent mixing AN - 1015460355; 2012-048659 AB - The water column imprint of the hydrothermal plume observed at the Nibelungen field (8 degrees 18 (super ') S 13 degrees 30 (super ') W) is highly variable in space and time. The off-axis location of the site, along the southern boundary of a non-transform ridge offset at the joint between two segments of the southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge, is characterized by complex, rugged topography, and thus favorable for the generation of internal tides, subsequent internal wave breaking, and associated vertical mixing in the water column. We have used towed transects and vertical profiles of stratification, turbidity, and direct current measurements to investigate the strength of turbulent mixing in the vicinity of the vent site and the adjacent rift valley, and its temporal and spatial variability in relation to the plume dispersal. Turbulent diffusivities K (sub rho ) were calculated from temperature inversions via Thorpe scales. Heightened mixing (compared to open ocean values) was observed in the whole rift valley within an order of K (sub rho ) around 10 (super -3) m (super 2) s (super -1) . The mixing close to the vent site was even more elevated, with an average of K (sub rho ) =4X10 (super -2) m (super 2) s (super -1) . The mixing, as well as the flow field, exhibited a strong tidal cycle, with strong currents and mixing at the non-buoyant plume level during ebb flow. Periods of strong mixing were associated with increased internal wave activity and frequent occurrence of turbulent overturns. Additional effects of mixing on plume dispersal include bifurcation of the particle plume, likely as a result of the interplay between the modulated mixing strength and current speed, as well as high frequency internal waves in the effluent plume layer, possibly triggered by the buoyant plume via nonlinear interaction with the elevated background turbulence or penetrative convection. JF - Deep-Sea Research. Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers AU - Walter, Maren AU - Mertens, Christian AU - Stober, Uwe AU - German, Christopher R AU - Yoerger, Dana R AU - Sueltenfusz, Juergen AU - Rhein, Monika AU - Melchert, Bernd AU - Baker, Edward T Y1 - 2010/08// PY - 2010 DA - August 2010 SP - 931 EP - 945 PB - Elsevier, Oxford VL - 57 IS - 8 SN - 0967-0637, 0967-0637 KW - plumes KW - sea water KW - density KW - hydrothermal vents KW - aqueous solutions KW - turbulence KW - salinity KW - temperature KW - Mid-Atlantic Ridge KW - marine sediments KW - mixing KW - sediments KW - diffusivity KW - currents KW - ocean circulation KW - rates KW - ocean currents KW - tidal currents KW - stratification KW - South Atlantic KW - Nibelungen hydrothermal field KW - bathymetry KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - internal waves KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1015460355?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deep-Sea+Research.+Part+I%3A+Oceanographic+Research+Papers&rft.atitle=Rapid+dispersal+of+a+hydrothermal+plume+by+turbulent+mixing&rft.au=Walter%2C+Maren%3BMertens%2C+Christian%3BStober%2C+Uwe%3BGerman%2C+Christopher+R%3BYoerger%2C+Dana+R%3BSueltenfusz%2C+Juergen%3BRhein%2C+Monika%3BMelchert%2C+Bernd%3BBaker%2C+Edward+T&rft.aulast=Walter&rft.aufirst=Maren&rft.date=2010-08-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=931&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Deep-Sea+Research.+Part+I%3A+Oceanographic+Research+Papers&rft.issn=09670637&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.dsr.2010.04.010 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09670637 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 54 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - DRPPD5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aqueous solutions; Atlantic Ocean; bathymetry; currents; density; diffusivity; hydrothermal vents; internal waves; marine sediments; Mid-Atlantic Ridge; mixing; Nibelungen hydrothermal field; ocean circulation; ocean currents; plumes; rates; salinity; sea water; sediments; South Atlantic; stratification; temperature; tidal currents; turbulence DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2010.04.010 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. [Part 24 of 24] T2 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. AN - 873133043; 14549-6_0024 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) policy direction to guide distribution of Mitchell Act funds and inform future review of individual Columbia River basin fish hatchery programs under the Endangered Species Act is proposed. Congress enacted the Mitchell Act in 1938 for the conservation of anadromous fishery resources in the Columbia River basin and has continued to appropriate Mitchell Act funds on an annual basis since 1946. These funds have been used to support research, improve fish passage, install screens on water diversions, and build and operate more than 20 salmon and steelhead hatchery facilities. For each of the past 10 years, hatchery operation funding has been between $11 million and $16 million. Historically, hatchery production levels have been as high as 128.6 million juvenile fish annually, but these levels have been substantially reduced as inflation, maintenance, and other costs have eroded the amount of funding available for fish production. At the same time, NMFS listed eight evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of salmon and five distinct population segments (DPSs) of steelhead in the Columbia River basin under the ESA and cited the adverse effects of hatchery operations as one of the factors for the decline of most of the listed ESUs/DSPs. Policy alternatives are designed to reduce or minimize adverse effects of hatchery operations on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations, while hatchery operators continue to pursue not only the conservation or harvest goals that currently apply to each hatchery program, but also different or additional conservation and harvest goals as identified within the alternatives. It is anticipated that the alternative selected after completion of this EIS process would be applicable for 10 years. Five alternatives are analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative (Alternative A) would perpetuate current conditions. Alternative 2 would eliminate Mitchell Act funding and Mitchell Act-funded hatchery programs would be closed. Non-Mitchell programs would be steered toward intermediate performance goals regarding hatchery influence on the spawning grounds and the influence of wild fish in hatcheries. Under Alternative 3, the intermediate performance goal would be applied to all Columbia River basin hatchery programs and overall production levels would be reduced and conservation hatchery programs would be operated at a level determined by conservation need, with hatchery-origin production diminishing as natural-origin production increases. Alternatives 4 and 5 would aim for stronger performance goals for hatcheries in the Interior Columbia River recovery domain above Bonneville Dam and the Willamette/Lower Columbia River recovery domain below Bonneville Dam, respectively. Both envision new conservation and harvest hatchery initiatives and would implement a further winnowing of hatchery strays from the spawning grounds and strengthening of wild, native influence in hatcheries. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would provide a comprehensive foundation for NOAA Fisheries decision-making under the Endangered Species and Mitchell acts. Stronger performance goals would reduce negative impacts of hatchery programs on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Natural-origin salmon and steelhead would continue to be at risk from hatchery facility failure and from water intake and effluent discharge effects. Under the action alternatives, commercial, recreational, and tribal fishing harvest would decline; tribal revenues would decline under all but one of the action alternatives. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Mitchell Act of 1938 (16 U.S.C. 755-757). JF - EPA number: 100296, Draft EIS--638 pages, Appendices--CD-ROM, July 30, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 24 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Creeks KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Environmental Justice KW - Fish KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - Recreation Resources KW - Rivers KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Subsistence KW - Water Quality KW - Columbia River KW - Idaho KW - Oregon KW - Snake River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Mitchell Act of 1938, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873133043?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.title=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-14 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 30, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. [Part 23 of 24] T2 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. AN - 873133039; 14549-6_0023 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) policy direction to guide distribution of Mitchell Act funds and inform future review of individual Columbia River basin fish hatchery programs under the Endangered Species Act is proposed. Congress enacted the Mitchell Act in 1938 for the conservation of anadromous fishery resources in the Columbia River basin and has continued to appropriate Mitchell Act funds on an annual basis since 1946. These funds have been used to support research, improve fish passage, install screens on water diversions, and build and operate more than 20 salmon and steelhead hatchery facilities. For each of the past 10 years, hatchery operation funding has been between $11 million and $16 million. Historically, hatchery production levels have been as high as 128.6 million juvenile fish annually, but these levels have been substantially reduced as inflation, maintenance, and other costs have eroded the amount of funding available for fish production. At the same time, NMFS listed eight evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of salmon and five distinct population segments (DPSs) of steelhead in the Columbia River basin under the ESA and cited the adverse effects of hatchery operations as one of the factors for the decline of most of the listed ESUs/DSPs. Policy alternatives are designed to reduce or minimize adverse effects of hatchery operations on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations, while hatchery operators continue to pursue not only the conservation or harvest goals that currently apply to each hatchery program, but also different or additional conservation and harvest goals as identified within the alternatives. It is anticipated that the alternative selected after completion of this EIS process would be applicable for 10 years. Five alternatives are analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative (Alternative A) would perpetuate current conditions. Alternative 2 would eliminate Mitchell Act funding and Mitchell Act-funded hatchery programs would be closed. Non-Mitchell programs would be steered toward intermediate performance goals regarding hatchery influence on the spawning grounds and the influence of wild fish in hatcheries. Under Alternative 3, the intermediate performance goal would be applied to all Columbia River basin hatchery programs and overall production levels would be reduced and conservation hatchery programs would be operated at a level determined by conservation need, with hatchery-origin production diminishing as natural-origin production increases. Alternatives 4 and 5 would aim for stronger performance goals for hatcheries in the Interior Columbia River recovery domain above Bonneville Dam and the Willamette/Lower Columbia River recovery domain below Bonneville Dam, respectively. Both envision new conservation and harvest hatchery initiatives and would implement a further winnowing of hatchery strays from the spawning grounds and strengthening of wild, native influence in hatcheries. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would provide a comprehensive foundation for NOAA Fisheries decision-making under the Endangered Species and Mitchell acts. Stronger performance goals would reduce negative impacts of hatchery programs on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Natural-origin salmon and steelhead would continue to be at risk from hatchery facility failure and from water intake and effluent discharge effects. Under the action alternatives, commercial, recreational, and tribal fishing harvest would decline; tribal revenues would decline under all but one of the action alternatives. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Mitchell Act of 1938 (16 U.S.C. 755-757). JF - EPA number: 100296, Draft EIS--638 pages, Appendices--CD-ROM, July 30, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 23 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Creeks KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Environmental Justice KW - Fish KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - Recreation Resources KW - Rivers KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Subsistence KW - Water Quality KW - Columbia River KW - Idaho KW - Oregon KW - Snake River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Mitchell Act of 1938, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873133039?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.title=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-14 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 30, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. [Part 22 of 24] T2 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. AN - 873133031; 14549-6_0022 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) policy direction to guide distribution of Mitchell Act funds and inform future review of individual Columbia River basin fish hatchery programs under the Endangered Species Act is proposed. Congress enacted the Mitchell Act in 1938 for the conservation of anadromous fishery resources in the Columbia River basin and has continued to appropriate Mitchell Act funds on an annual basis since 1946. These funds have been used to support research, improve fish passage, install screens on water diversions, and build and operate more than 20 salmon and steelhead hatchery facilities. For each of the past 10 years, hatchery operation funding has been between $11 million and $16 million. Historically, hatchery production levels have been as high as 128.6 million juvenile fish annually, but these levels have been substantially reduced as inflation, maintenance, and other costs have eroded the amount of funding available for fish production. At the same time, NMFS listed eight evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of salmon and five distinct population segments (DPSs) of steelhead in the Columbia River basin under the ESA and cited the adverse effects of hatchery operations as one of the factors for the decline of most of the listed ESUs/DSPs. Policy alternatives are designed to reduce or minimize adverse effects of hatchery operations on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations, while hatchery operators continue to pursue not only the conservation or harvest goals that currently apply to each hatchery program, but also different or additional conservation and harvest goals as identified within the alternatives. It is anticipated that the alternative selected after completion of this EIS process would be applicable for 10 years. Five alternatives are analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative (Alternative A) would perpetuate current conditions. Alternative 2 would eliminate Mitchell Act funding and Mitchell Act-funded hatchery programs would be closed. Non-Mitchell programs would be steered toward intermediate performance goals regarding hatchery influence on the spawning grounds and the influence of wild fish in hatcheries. Under Alternative 3, the intermediate performance goal would be applied to all Columbia River basin hatchery programs and overall production levels would be reduced and conservation hatchery programs would be operated at a level determined by conservation need, with hatchery-origin production diminishing as natural-origin production increases. Alternatives 4 and 5 would aim for stronger performance goals for hatcheries in the Interior Columbia River recovery domain above Bonneville Dam and the Willamette/Lower Columbia River recovery domain below Bonneville Dam, respectively. Both envision new conservation and harvest hatchery initiatives and would implement a further winnowing of hatchery strays from the spawning grounds and strengthening of wild, native influence in hatcheries. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would provide a comprehensive foundation for NOAA Fisheries decision-making under the Endangered Species and Mitchell acts. Stronger performance goals would reduce negative impacts of hatchery programs on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Natural-origin salmon and steelhead would continue to be at risk from hatchery facility failure and from water intake and effluent discharge effects. Under the action alternatives, commercial, recreational, and tribal fishing harvest would decline; tribal revenues would decline under all but one of the action alternatives. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Mitchell Act of 1938 (16 U.S.C. 755-757). JF - EPA number: 100296, Draft EIS--638 pages, Appendices--CD-ROM, July 30, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 22 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Creeks KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Environmental Justice KW - Fish KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - Recreation Resources KW - Rivers KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Subsistence KW - Water Quality KW - Columbia River KW - Idaho KW - Oregon KW - Snake River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Mitchell Act of 1938, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873133031?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.title=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-14 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 30, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. [Part 21 of 24] T2 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. AN - 873133018; 14549-6_0021 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) policy direction to guide distribution of Mitchell Act funds and inform future review of individual Columbia River basin fish hatchery programs under the Endangered Species Act is proposed. Congress enacted the Mitchell Act in 1938 for the conservation of anadromous fishery resources in the Columbia River basin and has continued to appropriate Mitchell Act funds on an annual basis since 1946. These funds have been used to support research, improve fish passage, install screens on water diversions, and build and operate more than 20 salmon and steelhead hatchery facilities. For each of the past 10 years, hatchery operation funding has been between $11 million and $16 million. Historically, hatchery production levels have been as high as 128.6 million juvenile fish annually, but these levels have been substantially reduced as inflation, maintenance, and other costs have eroded the amount of funding available for fish production. At the same time, NMFS listed eight evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of salmon and five distinct population segments (DPSs) of steelhead in the Columbia River basin under the ESA and cited the adverse effects of hatchery operations as one of the factors for the decline of most of the listed ESUs/DSPs. Policy alternatives are designed to reduce or minimize adverse effects of hatchery operations on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations, while hatchery operators continue to pursue not only the conservation or harvest goals that currently apply to each hatchery program, but also different or additional conservation and harvest goals as identified within the alternatives. It is anticipated that the alternative selected after completion of this EIS process would be applicable for 10 years. Five alternatives are analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative (Alternative A) would perpetuate current conditions. Alternative 2 would eliminate Mitchell Act funding and Mitchell Act-funded hatchery programs would be closed. Non-Mitchell programs would be steered toward intermediate performance goals regarding hatchery influence on the spawning grounds and the influence of wild fish in hatcheries. Under Alternative 3, the intermediate performance goal would be applied to all Columbia River basin hatchery programs and overall production levels would be reduced and conservation hatchery programs would be operated at a level determined by conservation need, with hatchery-origin production diminishing as natural-origin production increases. Alternatives 4 and 5 would aim for stronger performance goals for hatcheries in the Interior Columbia River recovery domain above Bonneville Dam and the Willamette/Lower Columbia River recovery domain below Bonneville Dam, respectively. Both envision new conservation and harvest hatchery initiatives and would implement a further winnowing of hatchery strays from the spawning grounds and strengthening of wild, native influence in hatcheries. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would provide a comprehensive foundation for NOAA Fisheries decision-making under the Endangered Species and Mitchell acts. Stronger performance goals would reduce negative impacts of hatchery programs on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Natural-origin salmon and steelhead would continue to be at risk from hatchery facility failure and from water intake and effluent discharge effects. Under the action alternatives, commercial, recreational, and tribal fishing harvest would decline; tribal revenues would decline under all but one of the action alternatives. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Mitchell Act of 1938 (16 U.S.C. 755-757). JF - EPA number: 100296, Draft EIS--638 pages, Appendices--CD-ROM, July 30, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 21 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Creeks KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Environmental Justice KW - Fish KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - Recreation Resources KW - Rivers KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Subsistence KW - Water Quality KW - Columbia River KW - Idaho KW - Oregon KW - Snake River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Mitchell Act of 1938, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873133018?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.title=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-14 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 30, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. [Part 20 of 24] T2 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. AN - 873133011; 14549-6_0020 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) policy direction to guide distribution of Mitchell Act funds and inform future review of individual Columbia River basin fish hatchery programs under the Endangered Species Act is proposed. Congress enacted the Mitchell Act in 1938 for the conservation of anadromous fishery resources in the Columbia River basin and has continued to appropriate Mitchell Act funds on an annual basis since 1946. These funds have been used to support research, improve fish passage, install screens on water diversions, and build and operate more than 20 salmon and steelhead hatchery facilities. For each of the past 10 years, hatchery operation funding has been between $11 million and $16 million. Historically, hatchery production levels have been as high as 128.6 million juvenile fish annually, but these levels have been substantially reduced as inflation, maintenance, and other costs have eroded the amount of funding available for fish production. At the same time, NMFS listed eight evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of salmon and five distinct population segments (DPSs) of steelhead in the Columbia River basin under the ESA and cited the adverse effects of hatchery operations as one of the factors for the decline of most of the listed ESUs/DSPs. Policy alternatives are designed to reduce or minimize adverse effects of hatchery operations on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations, while hatchery operators continue to pursue not only the conservation or harvest goals that currently apply to each hatchery program, but also different or additional conservation and harvest goals as identified within the alternatives. It is anticipated that the alternative selected after completion of this EIS process would be applicable for 10 years. Five alternatives are analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative (Alternative A) would perpetuate current conditions. Alternative 2 would eliminate Mitchell Act funding and Mitchell Act-funded hatchery programs would be closed. Non-Mitchell programs would be steered toward intermediate performance goals regarding hatchery influence on the spawning grounds and the influence of wild fish in hatcheries. Under Alternative 3, the intermediate performance goal would be applied to all Columbia River basin hatchery programs and overall production levels would be reduced and conservation hatchery programs would be operated at a level determined by conservation need, with hatchery-origin production diminishing as natural-origin production increases. Alternatives 4 and 5 would aim for stronger performance goals for hatcheries in the Interior Columbia River recovery domain above Bonneville Dam and the Willamette/Lower Columbia River recovery domain below Bonneville Dam, respectively. Both envision new conservation and harvest hatchery initiatives and would implement a further winnowing of hatchery strays from the spawning grounds and strengthening of wild, native influence in hatcheries. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would provide a comprehensive foundation for NOAA Fisheries decision-making under the Endangered Species and Mitchell acts. Stronger performance goals would reduce negative impacts of hatchery programs on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Natural-origin salmon and steelhead would continue to be at risk from hatchery facility failure and from water intake and effluent discharge effects. Under the action alternatives, commercial, recreational, and tribal fishing harvest would decline; tribal revenues would decline under all but one of the action alternatives. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Mitchell Act of 1938 (16 U.S.C. 755-757). JF - EPA number: 100296, Draft EIS--638 pages, Appendices--CD-ROM, July 30, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 20 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Creeks KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Environmental Justice KW - Fish KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - Recreation Resources KW - Rivers KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Subsistence KW - Water Quality KW - Columbia River KW - Idaho KW - Oregon KW - Snake River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Mitchell Act of 1938, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873133011?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.title=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-14 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 30, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. [Part 16 of 24] T2 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. AN - 873133007; 14549-6_0016 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) policy direction to guide distribution of Mitchell Act funds and inform future review of individual Columbia River basin fish hatchery programs under the Endangered Species Act is proposed. Congress enacted the Mitchell Act in 1938 for the conservation of anadromous fishery resources in the Columbia River basin and has continued to appropriate Mitchell Act funds on an annual basis since 1946. These funds have been used to support research, improve fish passage, install screens on water diversions, and build and operate more than 20 salmon and steelhead hatchery facilities. For each of the past 10 years, hatchery operation funding has been between $11 million and $16 million. Historically, hatchery production levels have been as high as 128.6 million juvenile fish annually, but these levels have been substantially reduced as inflation, maintenance, and other costs have eroded the amount of funding available for fish production. At the same time, NMFS listed eight evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of salmon and five distinct population segments (DPSs) of steelhead in the Columbia River basin under the ESA and cited the adverse effects of hatchery operations as one of the factors for the decline of most of the listed ESUs/DSPs. Policy alternatives are designed to reduce or minimize adverse effects of hatchery operations on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations, while hatchery operators continue to pursue not only the conservation or harvest goals that currently apply to each hatchery program, but also different or additional conservation and harvest goals as identified within the alternatives. It is anticipated that the alternative selected after completion of this EIS process would be applicable for 10 years. Five alternatives are analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative (Alternative A) would perpetuate current conditions. Alternative 2 would eliminate Mitchell Act funding and Mitchell Act-funded hatchery programs would be closed. Non-Mitchell programs would be steered toward intermediate performance goals regarding hatchery influence on the spawning grounds and the influence of wild fish in hatcheries. Under Alternative 3, the intermediate performance goal would be applied to all Columbia River basin hatchery programs and overall production levels would be reduced and conservation hatchery programs would be operated at a level determined by conservation need, with hatchery-origin production diminishing as natural-origin production increases. Alternatives 4 and 5 would aim for stronger performance goals for hatcheries in the Interior Columbia River recovery domain above Bonneville Dam and the Willamette/Lower Columbia River recovery domain below Bonneville Dam, respectively. Both envision new conservation and harvest hatchery initiatives and would implement a further winnowing of hatchery strays from the spawning grounds and strengthening of wild, native influence in hatcheries. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would provide a comprehensive foundation for NOAA Fisheries decision-making under the Endangered Species and Mitchell acts. Stronger performance goals would reduce negative impacts of hatchery programs on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Natural-origin salmon and steelhead would continue to be at risk from hatchery facility failure and from water intake and effluent discharge effects. Under the action alternatives, commercial, recreational, and tribal fishing harvest would decline; tribal revenues would decline under all but one of the action alternatives. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Mitchell Act of 1938 (16 U.S.C. 755-757). JF - EPA number: 100296, Draft EIS--638 pages, Appendices--CD-ROM, July 30, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 16 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Creeks KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Environmental Justice KW - Fish KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - Recreation Resources KW - Rivers KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Subsistence KW - Water Quality KW - Columbia River KW - Idaho KW - Oregon KW - Snake River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Mitchell Act of 1938, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873133007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.title=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-14 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 30, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. [Part 6 of 24] T2 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. AN - 873133000; 14549-6_0006 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) policy direction to guide distribution of Mitchell Act funds and inform future review of individual Columbia River basin fish hatchery programs under the Endangered Species Act is proposed. Congress enacted the Mitchell Act in 1938 for the conservation of anadromous fishery resources in the Columbia River basin and has continued to appropriate Mitchell Act funds on an annual basis since 1946. These funds have been used to support research, improve fish passage, install screens on water diversions, and build and operate more than 20 salmon and steelhead hatchery facilities. For each of the past 10 years, hatchery operation funding has been between $11 million and $16 million. Historically, hatchery production levels have been as high as 128.6 million juvenile fish annually, but these levels have been substantially reduced as inflation, maintenance, and other costs have eroded the amount of funding available for fish production. At the same time, NMFS listed eight evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of salmon and five distinct population segments (DPSs) of steelhead in the Columbia River basin under the ESA and cited the adverse effects of hatchery operations as one of the factors for the decline of most of the listed ESUs/DSPs. Policy alternatives are designed to reduce or minimize adverse effects of hatchery operations on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations, while hatchery operators continue to pursue not only the conservation or harvest goals that currently apply to each hatchery program, but also different or additional conservation and harvest goals as identified within the alternatives. It is anticipated that the alternative selected after completion of this EIS process would be applicable for 10 years. Five alternatives are analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative (Alternative A) would perpetuate current conditions. Alternative 2 would eliminate Mitchell Act funding and Mitchell Act-funded hatchery programs would be closed. Non-Mitchell programs would be steered toward intermediate performance goals regarding hatchery influence on the spawning grounds and the influence of wild fish in hatcheries. Under Alternative 3, the intermediate performance goal would be applied to all Columbia River basin hatchery programs and overall production levels would be reduced and conservation hatchery programs would be operated at a level determined by conservation need, with hatchery-origin production diminishing as natural-origin production increases. Alternatives 4 and 5 would aim for stronger performance goals for hatcheries in the Interior Columbia River recovery domain above Bonneville Dam and the Willamette/Lower Columbia River recovery domain below Bonneville Dam, respectively. Both envision new conservation and harvest hatchery initiatives and would implement a further winnowing of hatchery strays from the spawning grounds and strengthening of wild, native influence in hatcheries. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would provide a comprehensive foundation for NOAA Fisheries decision-making under the Endangered Species and Mitchell acts. Stronger performance goals would reduce negative impacts of hatchery programs on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Natural-origin salmon and steelhead would continue to be at risk from hatchery facility failure and from water intake and effluent discharge effects. Under the action alternatives, commercial, recreational, and tribal fishing harvest would decline; tribal revenues would decline under all but one of the action alternatives. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Mitchell Act of 1938 (16 U.S.C. 755-757). JF - EPA number: 100296, Draft EIS--638 pages, Appendices--CD-ROM, July 30, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 6 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Creeks KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Environmental Justice KW - Fish KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - Recreation Resources KW - Rivers KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Subsistence KW - Water Quality KW - Columbia River KW - Idaho KW - Oregon KW - Snake River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Mitchell Act of 1938, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873133000?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.title=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-14 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 30, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. [Part 5 of 24] T2 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. AN - 873132995; 14549-6_0005 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) policy direction to guide distribution of Mitchell Act funds and inform future review of individual Columbia River basin fish hatchery programs under the Endangered Species Act is proposed. Congress enacted the Mitchell Act in 1938 for the conservation of anadromous fishery resources in the Columbia River basin and has continued to appropriate Mitchell Act funds on an annual basis since 1946. These funds have been used to support research, improve fish passage, install screens on water diversions, and build and operate more than 20 salmon and steelhead hatchery facilities. For each of the past 10 years, hatchery operation funding has been between $11 million and $16 million. Historically, hatchery production levels have been as high as 128.6 million juvenile fish annually, but these levels have been substantially reduced as inflation, maintenance, and other costs have eroded the amount of funding available for fish production. At the same time, NMFS listed eight evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of salmon and five distinct population segments (DPSs) of steelhead in the Columbia River basin under the ESA and cited the adverse effects of hatchery operations as one of the factors for the decline of most of the listed ESUs/DSPs. Policy alternatives are designed to reduce or minimize adverse effects of hatchery operations on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations, while hatchery operators continue to pursue not only the conservation or harvest goals that currently apply to each hatchery program, but also different or additional conservation and harvest goals as identified within the alternatives. It is anticipated that the alternative selected after completion of this EIS process would be applicable for 10 years. Five alternatives are analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative (Alternative A) would perpetuate current conditions. Alternative 2 would eliminate Mitchell Act funding and Mitchell Act-funded hatchery programs would be closed. Non-Mitchell programs would be steered toward intermediate performance goals regarding hatchery influence on the spawning grounds and the influence of wild fish in hatcheries. Under Alternative 3, the intermediate performance goal would be applied to all Columbia River basin hatchery programs and overall production levels would be reduced and conservation hatchery programs would be operated at a level determined by conservation need, with hatchery-origin production diminishing as natural-origin production increases. Alternatives 4 and 5 would aim for stronger performance goals for hatcheries in the Interior Columbia River recovery domain above Bonneville Dam and the Willamette/Lower Columbia River recovery domain below Bonneville Dam, respectively. Both envision new conservation and harvest hatchery initiatives and would implement a further winnowing of hatchery strays from the spawning grounds and strengthening of wild, native influence in hatcheries. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would provide a comprehensive foundation for NOAA Fisheries decision-making under the Endangered Species and Mitchell acts. Stronger performance goals would reduce negative impacts of hatchery programs on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Natural-origin salmon and steelhead would continue to be at risk from hatchery facility failure and from water intake and effluent discharge effects. Under the action alternatives, commercial, recreational, and tribal fishing harvest would decline; tribal revenues would decline under all but one of the action alternatives. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Mitchell Act of 1938 (16 U.S.C. 755-757). JF - EPA number: 100296, Draft EIS--638 pages, Appendices--CD-ROM, July 30, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 5 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Creeks KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Environmental Justice KW - Fish KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - Recreation Resources KW - Rivers KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Subsistence KW - Water Quality KW - Columbia River KW - Idaho KW - Oregon KW - Snake River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Mitchell Act of 1938, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873132995?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.title=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-14 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 30, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. [Part 12 of 24] T2 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. AN - 873132892; 14549-6_0012 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) policy direction to guide distribution of Mitchell Act funds and inform future review of individual Columbia River basin fish hatchery programs under the Endangered Species Act is proposed. Congress enacted the Mitchell Act in 1938 for the conservation of anadromous fishery resources in the Columbia River basin and has continued to appropriate Mitchell Act funds on an annual basis since 1946. These funds have been used to support research, improve fish passage, install screens on water diversions, and build and operate more than 20 salmon and steelhead hatchery facilities. For each of the past 10 years, hatchery operation funding has been between $11 million and $16 million. Historically, hatchery production levels have been as high as 128.6 million juvenile fish annually, but these levels have been substantially reduced as inflation, maintenance, and other costs have eroded the amount of funding available for fish production. At the same time, NMFS listed eight evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of salmon and five distinct population segments (DPSs) of steelhead in the Columbia River basin under the ESA and cited the adverse effects of hatchery operations as one of the factors for the decline of most of the listed ESUs/DSPs. Policy alternatives are designed to reduce or minimize adverse effects of hatchery operations on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations, while hatchery operators continue to pursue not only the conservation or harvest goals that currently apply to each hatchery program, but also different or additional conservation and harvest goals as identified within the alternatives. It is anticipated that the alternative selected after completion of this EIS process would be applicable for 10 years. Five alternatives are analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative (Alternative A) would perpetuate current conditions. Alternative 2 would eliminate Mitchell Act funding and Mitchell Act-funded hatchery programs would be closed. Non-Mitchell programs would be steered toward intermediate performance goals regarding hatchery influence on the spawning grounds and the influence of wild fish in hatcheries. Under Alternative 3, the intermediate performance goal would be applied to all Columbia River basin hatchery programs and overall production levels would be reduced and conservation hatchery programs would be operated at a level determined by conservation need, with hatchery-origin production diminishing as natural-origin production increases. Alternatives 4 and 5 would aim for stronger performance goals for hatcheries in the Interior Columbia River recovery domain above Bonneville Dam and the Willamette/Lower Columbia River recovery domain below Bonneville Dam, respectively. Both envision new conservation and harvest hatchery initiatives and would implement a further winnowing of hatchery strays from the spawning grounds and strengthening of wild, native influence in hatcheries. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would provide a comprehensive foundation for NOAA Fisheries decision-making under the Endangered Species and Mitchell acts. Stronger performance goals would reduce negative impacts of hatchery programs on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Natural-origin salmon and steelhead would continue to be at risk from hatchery facility failure and from water intake and effluent discharge effects. Under the action alternatives, commercial, recreational, and tribal fishing harvest would decline; tribal revenues would decline under all but one of the action alternatives. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Mitchell Act of 1938 (16 U.S.C. 755-757). JF - EPA number: 100296, Draft EIS--638 pages, Appendices--CD-ROM, July 30, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 12 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Creeks KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Environmental Justice KW - Fish KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - Recreation Resources KW - Rivers KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Subsistence KW - Water Quality KW - Columbia River KW - Idaho KW - Oregon KW - Snake River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Mitchell Act of 1938, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873132892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.title=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-14 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 30, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. [Part 11 of 24] T2 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. AN - 873132886; 14549-6_0011 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) policy direction to guide distribution of Mitchell Act funds and inform future review of individual Columbia River basin fish hatchery programs under the Endangered Species Act is proposed. Congress enacted the Mitchell Act in 1938 for the conservation of anadromous fishery resources in the Columbia River basin and has continued to appropriate Mitchell Act funds on an annual basis since 1946. These funds have been used to support research, improve fish passage, install screens on water diversions, and build and operate more than 20 salmon and steelhead hatchery facilities. For each of the past 10 years, hatchery operation funding has been between $11 million and $16 million. Historically, hatchery production levels have been as high as 128.6 million juvenile fish annually, but these levels have been substantially reduced as inflation, maintenance, and other costs have eroded the amount of funding available for fish production. At the same time, NMFS listed eight evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of salmon and five distinct population segments (DPSs) of steelhead in the Columbia River basin under the ESA and cited the adverse effects of hatchery operations as one of the factors for the decline of most of the listed ESUs/DSPs. Policy alternatives are designed to reduce or minimize adverse effects of hatchery operations on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations, while hatchery operators continue to pursue not only the conservation or harvest goals that currently apply to each hatchery program, but also different or additional conservation and harvest goals as identified within the alternatives. It is anticipated that the alternative selected after completion of this EIS process would be applicable for 10 years. Five alternatives are analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative (Alternative A) would perpetuate current conditions. Alternative 2 would eliminate Mitchell Act funding and Mitchell Act-funded hatchery programs would be closed. Non-Mitchell programs would be steered toward intermediate performance goals regarding hatchery influence on the spawning grounds and the influence of wild fish in hatcheries. Under Alternative 3, the intermediate performance goal would be applied to all Columbia River basin hatchery programs and overall production levels would be reduced and conservation hatchery programs would be operated at a level determined by conservation need, with hatchery-origin production diminishing as natural-origin production increases. Alternatives 4 and 5 would aim for stronger performance goals for hatcheries in the Interior Columbia River recovery domain above Bonneville Dam and the Willamette/Lower Columbia River recovery domain below Bonneville Dam, respectively. Both envision new conservation and harvest hatchery initiatives and would implement a further winnowing of hatchery strays from the spawning grounds and strengthening of wild, native influence in hatcheries. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would provide a comprehensive foundation for NOAA Fisheries decision-making under the Endangered Species and Mitchell acts. Stronger performance goals would reduce negative impacts of hatchery programs on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Natural-origin salmon and steelhead would continue to be at risk from hatchery facility failure and from water intake and effluent discharge effects. Under the action alternatives, commercial, recreational, and tribal fishing harvest would decline; tribal revenues would decline under all but one of the action alternatives. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Mitchell Act of 1938 (16 U.S.C. 755-757). JF - EPA number: 100296, Draft EIS--638 pages, Appendices--CD-ROM, July 30, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 11 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Creeks KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Environmental Justice KW - Fish KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - Recreation Resources KW - Rivers KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Subsistence KW - Water Quality KW - Columbia River KW - Idaho KW - Oregon KW - Snake River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Mitchell Act of 1938, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873132886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.title=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-14 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 30, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. [Part 9 of 24] T2 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. AN - 873132878; 14549-6_0009 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) policy direction to guide distribution of Mitchell Act funds and inform future review of individual Columbia River basin fish hatchery programs under the Endangered Species Act is proposed. Congress enacted the Mitchell Act in 1938 for the conservation of anadromous fishery resources in the Columbia River basin and has continued to appropriate Mitchell Act funds on an annual basis since 1946. These funds have been used to support research, improve fish passage, install screens on water diversions, and build and operate more than 20 salmon and steelhead hatchery facilities. For each of the past 10 years, hatchery operation funding has been between $11 million and $16 million. Historically, hatchery production levels have been as high as 128.6 million juvenile fish annually, but these levels have been substantially reduced as inflation, maintenance, and other costs have eroded the amount of funding available for fish production. At the same time, NMFS listed eight evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of salmon and five distinct population segments (DPSs) of steelhead in the Columbia River basin under the ESA and cited the adverse effects of hatchery operations as one of the factors for the decline of most of the listed ESUs/DSPs. Policy alternatives are designed to reduce or minimize adverse effects of hatchery operations on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations, while hatchery operators continue to pursue not only the conservation or harvest goals that currently apply to each hatchery program, but also different or additional conservation and harvest goals as identified within the alternatives. It is anticipated that the alternative selected after completion of this EIS process would be applicable for 10 years. Five alternatives are analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative (Alternative A) would perpetuate current conditions. Alternative 2 would eliminate Mitchell Act funding and Mitchell Act-funded hatchery programs would be closed. Non-Mitchell programs would be steered toward intermediate performance goals regarding hatchery influence on the spawning grounds and the influence of wild fish in hatcheries. Under Alternative 3, the intermediate performance goal would be applied to all Columbia River basin hatchery programs and overall production levels would be reduced and conservation hatchery programs would be operated at a level determined by conservation need, with hatchery-origin production diminishing as natural-origin production increases. Alternatives 4 and 5 would aim for stronger performance goals for hatcheries in the Interior Columbia River recovery domain above Bonneville Dam and the Willamette/Lower Columbia River recovery domain below Bonneville Dam, respectively. Both envision new conservation and harvest hatchery initiatives and would implement a further winnowing of hatchery strays from the spawning grounds and strengthening of wild, native influence in hatcheries. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would provide a comprehensive foundation for NOAA Fisheries decision-making under the Endangered Species and Mitchell acts. Stronger performance goals would reduce negative impacts of hatchery programs on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Natural-origin salmon and steelhead would continue to be at risk from hatchery facility failure and from water intake and effluent discharge effects. Under the action alternatives, commercial, recreational, and tribal fishing harvest would decline; tribal revenues would decline under all but one of the action alternatives. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Mitchell Act of 1938 (16 U.S.C. 755-757). JF - EPA number: 100296, Draft EIS--638 pages, Appendices--CD-ROM, July 30, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 9 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Creeks KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Environmental Justice KW - Fish KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - Recreation Resources KW - Rivers KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Subsistence KW - Water Quality KW - Columbia River KW - Idaho KW - Oregon KW - Snake River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Mitchell Act of 1938, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873132878?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.title=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-14 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 30, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. [Part 1 of 24] T2 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. AN - 873132869; 14549-6_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) policy direction to guide distribution of Mitchell Act funds and inform future review of individual Columbia River basin fish hatchery programs under the Endangered Species Act is proposed. Congress enacted the Mitchell Act in 1938 for the conservation of anadromous fishery resources in the Columbia River basin and has continued to appropriate Mitchell Act funds on an annual basis since 1946. These funds have been used to support research, improve fish passage, install screens on water diversions, and build and operate more than 20 salmon and steelhead hatchery facilities. For each of the past 10 years, hatchery operation funding has been between $11 million and $16 million. Historically, hatchery production levels have been as high as 128.6 million juvenile fish annually, but these levels have been substantially reduced as inflation, maintenance, and other costs have eroded the amount of funding available for fish production. At the same time, NMFS listed eight evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of salmon and five distinct population segments (DPSs) of steelhead in the Columbia River basin under the ESA and cited the adverse effects of hatchery operations as one of the factors for the decline of most of the listed ESUs/DSPs. Policy alternatives are designed to reduce or minimize adverse effects of hatchery operations on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations, while hatchery operators continue to pursue not only the conservation or harvest goals that currently apply to each hatchery program, but also different or additional conservation and harvest goals as identified within the alternatives. It is anticipated that the alternative selected after completion of this EIS process would be applicable for 10 years. Five alternatives are analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative (Alternative A) would perpetuate current conditions. Alternative 2 would eliminate Mitchell Act funding and Mitchell Act-funded hatchery programs would be closed. Non-Mitchell programs would be steered toward intermediate performance goals regarding hatchery influence on the spawning grounds and the influence of wild fish in hatcheries. Under Alternative 3, the intermediate performance goal would be applied to all Columbia River basin hatchery programs and overall production levels would be reduced and conservation hatchery programs would be operated at a level determined by conservation need, with hatchery-origin production diminishing as natural-origin production increases. Alternatives 4 and 5 would aim for stronger performance goals for hatcheries in the Interior Columbia River recovery domain above Bonneville Dam and the Willamette/Lower Columbia River recovery domain below Bonneville Dam, respectively. Both envision new conservation and harvest hatchery initiatives and would implement a further winnowing of hatchery strays from the spawning grounds and strengthening of wild, native influence in hatcheries. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would provide a comprehensive foundation for NOAA Fisheries decision-making under the Endangered Species and Mitchell acts. Stronger performance goals would reduce negative impacts of hatchery programs on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Natural-origin salmon and steelhead would continue to be at risk from hatchery facility failure and from water intake and effluent discharge effects. Under the action alternatives, commercial, recreational, and tribal fishing harvest would decline; tribal revenues would decline under all but one of the action alternatives. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Mitchell Act of 1938 (16 U.S.C. 755-757). JF - EPA number: 100296, Draft EIS--638 pages, Appendices--CD-ROM, July 30, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 1 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Creeks KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Environmental Justice KW - Fish KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - Recreation Resources KW - Rivers KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Subsistence KW - Water Quality KW - Columbia River KW - Idaho KW - Oregon KW - Snake River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Mitchell Act of 1938, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873132869?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.title=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-14 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 30, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. [Part 15 of 24] T2 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. AN - 873132188; 14549-6_0015 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) policy direction to guide distribution of Mitchell Act funds and inform future review of individual Columbia River basin fish hatchery programs under the Endangered Species Act is proposed. Congress enacted the Mitchell Act in 1938 for the conservation of anadromous fishery resources in the Columbia River basin and has continued to appropriate Mitchell Act funds on an annual basis since 1946. These funds have been used to support research, improve fish passage, install screens on water diversions, and build and operate more than 20 salmon and steelhead hatchery facilities. For each of the past 10 years, hatchery operation funding has been between $11 million and $16 million. Historically, hatchery production levels have been as high as 128.6 million juvenile fish annually, but these levels have been substantially reduced as inflation, maintenance, and other costs have eroded the amount of funding available for fish production. At the same time, NMFS listed eight evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of salmon and five distinct population segments (DPSs) of steelhead in the Columbia River basin under the ESA and cited the adverse effects of hatchery operations as one of the factors for the decline of most of the listed ESUs/DSPs. Policy alternatives are designed to reduce or minimize adverse effects of hatchery operations on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations, while hatchery operators continue to pursue not only the conservation or harvest goals that currently apply to each hatchery program, but also different or additional conservation and harvest goals as identified within the alternatives. It is anticipated that the alternative selected after completion of this EIS process would be applicable for 10 years. Five alternatives are analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative (Alternative A) would perpetuate current conditions. Alternative 2 would eliminate Mitchell Act funding and Mitchell Act-funded hatchery programs would be closed. Non-Mitchell programs would be steered toward intermediate performance goals regarding hatchery influence on the spawning grounds and the influence of wild fish in hatcheries. Under Alternative 3, the intermediate performance goal would be applied to all Columbia River basin hatchery programs and overall production levels would be reduced and conservation hatchery programs would be operated at a level determined by conservation need, with hatchery-origin production diminishing as natural-origin production increases. Alternatives 4 and 5 would aim for stronger performance goals for hatcheries in the Interior Columbia River recovery domain above Bonneville Dam and the Willamette/Lower Columbia River recovery domain below Bonneville Dam, respectively. Both envision new conservation and harvest hatchery initiatives and would implement a further winnowing of hatchery strays from the spawning grounds and strengthening of wild, native influence in hatcheries. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would provide a comprehensive foundation for NOAA Fisheries decision-making under the Endangered Species and Mitchell acts. Stronger performance goals would reduce negative impacts of hatchery programs on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Natural-origin salmon and steelhead would continue to be at risk from hatchery facility failure and from water intake and effluent discharge effects. Under the action alternatives, commercial, recreational, and tribal fishing harvest would decline; tribal revenues would decline under all but one of the action alternatives. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Mitchell Act of 1938 (16 U.S.C. 755-757). JF - EPA number: 100296, Draft EIS--638 pages, Appendices--CD-ROM, July 30, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 15 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Creeks KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Environmental Justice KW - Fish KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - Recreation Resources KW - Rivers KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Subsistence KW - Water Quality KW - Columbia River KW - Idaho KW - Oregon KW - Snake River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Mitchell Act of 1938, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873132188?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.title=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-14 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 30, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. [Part 14 of 24] T2 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. AN - 873132184; 14549-6_0014 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) policy direction to guide distribution of Mitchell Act funds and inform future review of individual Columbia River basin fish hatchery programs under the Endangered Species Act is proposed. Congress enacted the Mitchell Act in 1938 for the conservation of anadromous fishery resources in the Columbia River basin and has continued to appropriate Mitchell Act funds on an annual basis since 1946. These funds have been used to support research, improve fish passage, install screens on water diversions, and build and operate more than 20 salmon and steelhead hatchery facilities. For each of the past 10 years, hatchery operation funding has been between $11 million and $16 million. Historically, hatchery production levels have been as high as 128.6 million juvenile fish annually, but these levels have been substantially reduced as inflation, maintenance, and other costs have eroded the amount of funding available for fish production. At the same time, NMFS listed eight evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of salmon and five distinct population segments (DPSs) of steelhead in the Columbia River basin under the ESA and cited the adverse effects of hatchery operations as one of the factors for the decline of most of the listed ESUs/DSPs. Policy alternatives are designed to reduce or minimize adverse effects of hatchery operations on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations, while hatchery operators continue to pursue not only the conservation or harvest goals that currently apply to each hatchery program, but also different or additional conservation and harvest goals as identified within the alternatives. It is anticipated that the alternative selected after completion of this EIS process would be applicable for 10 years. Five alternatives are analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative (Alternative A) would perpetuate current conditions. Alternative 2 would eliminate Mitchell Act funding and Mitchell Act-funded hatchery programs would be closed. Non-Mitchell programs would be steered toward intermediate performance goals regarding hatchery influence on the spawning grounds and the influence of wild fish in hatcheries. Under Alternative 3, the intermediate performance goal would be applied to all Columbia River basin hatchery programs and overall production levels would be reduced and conservation hatchery programs would be operated at a level determined by conservation need, with hatchery-origin production diminishing as natural-origin production increases. Alternatives 4 and 5 would aim for stronger performance goals for hatcheries in the Interior Columbia River recovery domain above Bonneville Dam and the Willamette/Lower Columbia River recovery domain below Bonneville Dam, respectively. Both envision new conservation and harvest hatchery initiatives and would implement a further winnowing of hatchery strays from the spawning grounds and strengthening of wild, native influence in hatcheries. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would provide a comprehensive foundation for NOAA Fisheries decision-making under the Endangered Species and Mitchell acts. Stronger performance goals would reduce negative impacts of hatchery programs on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Natural-origin salmon and steelhead would continue to be at risk from hatchery facility failure and from water intake and effluent discharge effects. Under the action alternatives, commercial, recreational, and tribal fishing harvest would decline; tribal revenues would decline under all but one of the action alternatives. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Mitchell Act of 1938 (16 U.S.C. 755-757). JF - EPA number: 100296, Draft EIS--638 pages, Appendices--CD-ROM, July 30, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 14 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Creeks KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Environmental Justice KW - Fish KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - Recreation Resources KW - Rivers KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Subsistence KW - Water Quality KW - Columbia River KW - Idaho KW - Oregon KW - Snake River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Mitchell Act of 1938, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873132184?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.title=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-14 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 30, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. [Part 13 of 24] T2 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. AN - 873132182; 14549-6_0013 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) policy direction to guide distribution of Mitchell Act funds and inform future review of individual Columbia River basin fish hatchery programs under the Endangered Species Act is proposed. Congress enacted the Mitchell Act in 1938 for the conservation of anadromous fishery resources in the Columbia River basin and has continued to appropriate Mitchell Act funds on an annual basis since 1946. These funds have been used to support research, improve fish passage, install screens on water diversions, and build and operate more than 20 salmon and steelhead hatchery facilities. For each of the past 10 years, hatchery operation funding has been between $11 million and $16 million. Historically, hatchery production levels have been as high as 128.6 million juvenile fish annually, but these levels have been substantially reduced as inflation, maintenance, and other costs have eroded the amount of funding available for fish production. At the same time, NMFS listed eight evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of salmon and five distinct population segments (DPSs) of steelhead in the Columbia River basin under the ESA and cited the adverse effects of hatchery operations as one of the factors for the decline of most of the listed ESUs/DSPs. Policy alternatives are designed to reduce or minimize adverse effects of hatchery operations on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations, while hatchery operators continue to pursue not only the conservation or harvest goals that currently apply to each hatchery program, but also different or additional conservation and harvest goals as identified within the alternatives. It is anticipated that the alternative selected after completion of this EIS process would be applicable for 10 years. Five alternatives are analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative (Alternative A) would perpetuate current conditions. Alternative 2 would eliminate Mitchell Act funding and Mitchell Act-funded hatchery programs would be closed. Non-Mitchell programs would be steered toward intermediate performance goals regarding hatchery influence on the spawning grounds and the influence of wild fish in hatcheries. Under Alternative 3, the intermediate performance goal would be applied to all Columbia River basin hatchery programs and overall production levels would be reduced and conservation hatchery programs would be operated at a level determined by conservation need, with hatchery-origin production diminishing as natural-origin production increases. Alternatives 4 and 5 would aim for stronger performance goals for hatcheries in the Interior Columbia River recovery domain above Bonneville Dam and the Willamette/Lower Columbia River recovery domain below Bonneville Dam, respectively. Both envision new conservation and harvest hatchery initiatives and would implement a further winnowing of hatchery strays from the spawning grounds and strengthening of wild, native influence in hatcheries. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would provide a comprehensive foundation for NOAA Fisheries decision-making under the Endangered Species and Mitchell acts. Stronger performance goals would reduce negative impacts of hatchery programs on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Natural-origin salmon and steelhead would continue to be at risk from hatchery facility failure and from water intake and effluent discharge effects. Under the action alternatives, commercial, recreational, and tribal fishing harvest would decline; tribal revenues would decline under all but one of the action alternatives. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Mitchell Act of 1938 (16 U.S.C. 755-757). JF - EPA number: 100296, Draft EIS--638 pages, Appendices--CD-ROM, July 30, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 13 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Creeks KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Environmental Justice KW - Fish KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - Recreation Resources KW - Rivers KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Subsistence KW - Water Quality KW - Columbia River KW - Idaho KW - Oregon KW - Snake River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Mitchell Act of 1938, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873132182?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.title=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-14 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 30, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. [Part 10 of 24] T2 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. AN - 873132180; 14549-6_0010 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) policy direction to guide distribution of Mitchell Act funds and inform future review of individual Columbia River basin fish hatchery programs under the Endangered Species Act is proposed. Congress enacted the Mitchell Act in 1938 for the conservation of anadromous fishery resources in the Columbia River basin and has continued to appropriate Mitchell Act funds on an annual basis since 1946. These funds have been used to support research, improve fish passage, install screens on water diversions, and build and operate more than 20 salmon and steelhead hatchery facilities. For each of the past 10 years, hatchery operation funding has been between $11 million and $16 million. Historically, hatchery production levels have been as high as 128.6 million juvenile fish annually, but these levels have been substantially reduced as inflation, maintenance, and other costs have eroded the amount of funding available for fish production. At the same time, NMFS listed eight evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of salmon and five distinct population segments (DPSs) of steelhead in the Columbia River basin under the ESA and cited the adverse effects of hatchery operations as one of the factors for the decline of most of the listed ESUs/DSPs. Policy alternatives are designed to reduce or minimize adverse effects of hatchery operations on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations, while hatchery operators continue to pursue not only the conservation or harvest goals that currently apply to each hatchery program, but also different or additional conservation and harvest goals as identified within the alternatives. It is anticipated that the alternative selected after completion of this EIS process would be applicable for 10 years. Five alternatives are analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative (Alternative A) would perpetuate current conditions. Alternative 2 would eliminate Mitchell Act funding and Mitchell Act-funded hatchery programs would be closed. Non-Mitchell programs would be steered toward intermediate performance goals regarding hatchery influence on the spawning grounds and the influence of wild fish in hatcheries. Under Alternative 3, the intermediate performance goal would be applied to all Columbia River basin hatchery programs and overall production levels would be reduced and conservation hatchery programs would be operated at a level determined by conservation need, with hatchery-origin production diminishing as natural-origin production increases. Alternatives 4 and 5 would aim for stronger performance goals for hatcheries in the Interior Columbia River recovery domain above Bonneville Dam and the Willamette/Lower Columbia River recovery domain below Bonneville Dam, respectively. Both envision new conservation and harvest hatchery initiatives and would implement a further winnowing of hatchery strays from the spawning grounds and strengthening of wild, native influence in hatcheries. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would provide a comprehensive foundation for NOAA Fisheries decision-making under the Endangered Species and Mitchell acts. Stronger performance goals would reduce negative impacts of hatchery programs on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Natural-origin salmon and steelhead would continue to be at risk from hatchery facility failure and from water intake and effluent discharge effects. Under the action alternatives, commercial, recreational, and tribal fishing harvest would decline; tribal revenues would decline under all but one of the action alternatives. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Mitchell Act of 1938 (16 U.S.C. 755-757). JF - EPA number: 100296, Draft EIS--638 pages, Appendices--CD-ROM, July 30, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 10 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Creeks KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Environmental Justice KW - Fish KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - Recreation Resources KW - Rivers KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Subsistence KW - Water Quality KW - Columbia River KW - Idaho KW - Oregon KW - Snake River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Mitchell Act of 1938, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873132180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.title=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-14 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 30, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. [Part 17 of 24] T2 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. AN - 873131394; 14549-6_0017 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) policy direction to guide distribution of Mitchell Act funds and inform future review of individual Columbia River basin fish hatchery programs under the Endangered Species Act is proposed. Congress enacted the Mitchell Act in 1938 for the conservation of anadromous fishery resources in the Columbia River basin and has continued to appropriate Mitchell Act funds on an annual basis since 1946. These funds have been used to support research, improve fish passage, install screens on water diversions, and build and operate more than 20 salmon and steelhead hatchery facilities. For each of the past 10 years, hatchery operation funding has been between $11 million and $16 million. Historically, hatchery production levels have been as high as 128.6 million juvenile fish annually, but these levels have been substantially reduced as inflation, maintenance, and other costs have eroded the amount of funding available for fish production. At the same time, NMFS listed eight evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of salmon and five distinct population segments (DPSs) of steelhead in the Columbia River basin under the ESA and cited the adverse effects of hatchery operations as one of the factors for the decline of most of the listed ESUs/DSPs. Policy alternatives are designed to reduce or minimize adverse effects of hatchery operations on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations, while hatchery operators continue to pursue not only the conservation or harvest goals that currently apply to each hatchery program, but also different or additional conservation and harvest goals as identified within the alternatives. It is anticipated that the alternative selected after completion of this EIS process would be applicable for 10 years. Five alternatives are analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative (Alternative A) would perpetuate current conditions. Alternative 2 would eliminate Mitchell Act funding and Mitchell Act-funded hatchery programs would be closed. Non-Mitchell programs would be steered toward intermediate performance goals regarding hatchery influence on the spawning grounds and the influence of wild fish in hatcheries. Under Alternative 3, the intermediate performance goal would be applied to all Columbia River basin hatchery programs and overall production levels would be reduced and conservation hatchery programs would be operated at a level determined by conservation need, with hatchery-origin production diminishing as natural-origin production increases. Alternatives 4 and 5 would aim for stronger performance goals for hatcheries in the Interior Columbia River recovery domain above Bonneville Dam and the Willamette/Lower Columbia River recovery domain below Bonneville Dam, respectively. Both envision new conservation and harvest hatchery initiatives and would implement a further winnowing of hatchery strays from the spawning grounds and strengthening of wild, native influence in hatcheries. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would provide a comprehensive foundation for NOAA Fisheries decision-making under the Endangered Species and Mitchell acts. Stronger performance goals would reduce negative impacts of hatchery programs on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Natural-origin salmon and steelhead would continue to be at risk from hatchery facility failure and from water intake and effluent discharge effects. Under the action alternatives, commercial, recreational, and tribal fishing harvest would decline; tribal revenues would decline under all but one of the action alternatives. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Mitchell Act of 1938 (16 U.S.C. 755-757). JF - EPA number: 100296, Draft EIS--638 pages, Appendices--CD-ROM, July 30, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 17 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Creeks KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Environmental Justice KW - Fish KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - Recreation Resources KW - Rivers KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Subsistence KW - Water Quality KW - Columbia River KW - Idaho KW - Oregon KW - Snake River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Mitchell Act of 1938, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873131394?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.title=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-14 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 30, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. [Part 8 of 24] T2 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. AN - 873131275; 14549-6_0008 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) policy direction to guide distribution of Mitchell Act funds and inform future review of individual Columbia River basin fish hatchery programs under the Endangered Species Act is proposed. Congress enacted the Mitchell Act in 1938 for the conservation of anadromous fishery resources in the Columbia River basin and has continued to appropriate Mitchell Act funds on an annual basis since 1946. These funds have been used to support research, improve fish passage, install screens on water diversions, and build and operate more than 20 salmon and steelhead hatchery facilities. For each of the past 10 years, hatchery operation funding has been between $11 million and $16 million. Historically, hatchery production levels have been as high as 128.6 million juvenile fish annually, but these levels have been substantially reduced as inflation, maintenance, and other costs have eroded the amount of funding available for fish production. At the same time, NMFS listed eight evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of salmon and five distinct population segments (DPSs) of steelhead in the Columbia River basin under the ESA and cited the adverse effects of hatchery operations as one of the factors for the decline of most of the listed ESUs/DSPs. Policy alternatives are designed to reduce or minimize adverse effects of hatchery operations on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations, while hatchery operators continue to pursue not only the conservation or harvest goals that currently apply to each hatchery program, but also different or additional conservation and harvest goals as identified within the alternatives. It is anticipated that the alternative selected after completion of this EIS process would be applicable for 10 years. Five alternatives are analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative (Alternative A) would perpetuate current conditions. Alternative 2 would eliminate Mitchell Act funding and Mitchell Act-funded hatchery programs would be closed. Non-Mitchell programs would be steered toward intermediate performance goals regarding hatchery influence on the spawning grounds and the influence of wild fish in hatcheries. Under Alternative 3, the intermediate performance goal would be applied to all Columbia River basin hatchery programs and overall production levels would be reduced and conservation hatchery programs would be operated at a level determined by conservation need, with hatchery-origin production diminishing as natural-origin production increases. Alternatives 4 and 5 would aim for stronger performance goals for hatcheries in the Interior Columbia River recovery domain above Bonneville Dam and the Willamette/Lower Columbia River recovery domain below Bonneville Dam, respectively. Both envision new conservation and harvest hatchery initiatives and would implement a further winnowing of hatchery strays from the spawning grounds and strengthening of wild, native influence in hatcheries. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would provide a comprehensive foundation for NOAA Fisheries decision-making under the Endangered Species and Mitchell acts. Stronger performance goals would reduce negative impacts of hatchery programs on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Natural-origin salmon and steelhead would continue to be at risk from hatchery facility failure and from water intake and effluent discharge effects. Under the action alternatives, commercial, recreational, and tribal fishing harvest would decline; tribal revenues would decline under all but one of the action alternatives. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Mitchell Act of 1938 (16 U.S.C. 755-757). JF - EPA number: 100296, Draft EIS--638 pages, Appendices--CD-ROM, July 30, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 8 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Creeks KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Environmental Justice KW - Fish KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - Recreation Resources KW - Rivers KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Subsistence KW - Water Quality KW - Columbia River KW - Idaho KW - Oregon KW - Snake River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Mitchell Act of 1938, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873131275?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.title=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-14 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 30, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. [Part 7 of 24] T2 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. AN - 873131261; 14549-6_0007 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) policy direction to guide distribution of Mitchell Act funds and inform future review of individual Columbia River basin fish hatchery programs under the Endangered Species Act is proposed. Congress enacted the Mitchell Act in 1938 for the conservation of anadromous fishery resources in the Columbia River basin and has continued to appropriate Mitchell Act funds on an annual basis since 1946. These funds have been used to support research, improve fish passage, install screens on water diversions, and build and operate more than 20 salmon and steelhead hatchery facilities. For each of the past 10 years, hatchery operation funding has been between $11 million and $16 million. Historically, hatchery production levels have been as high as 128.6 million juvenile fish annually, but these levels have been substantially reduced as inflation, maintenance, and other costs have eroded the amount of funding available for fish production. At the same time, NMFS listed eight evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of salmon and five distinct population segments (DPSs) of steelhead in the Columbia River basin under the ESA and cited the adverse effects of hatchery operations as one of the factors for the decline of most of the listed ESUs/DSPs. Policy alternatives are designed to reduce or minimize adverse effects of hatchery operations on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations, while hatchery operators continue to pursue not only the conservation or harvest goals that currently apply to each hatchery program, but also different or additional conservation and harvest goals as identified within the alternatives. It is anticipated that the alternative selected after completion of this EIS process would be applicable for 10 years. Five alternatives are analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative (Alternative A) would perpetuate current conditions. Alternative 2 would eliminate Mitchell Act funding and Mitchell Act-funded hatchery programs would be closed. Non-Mitchell programs would be steered toward intermediate performance goals regarding hatchery influence on the spawning grounds and the influence of wild fish in hatcheries. Under Alternative 3, the intermediate performance goal would be applied to all Columbia River basin hatchery programs and overall production levels would be reduced and conservation hatchery programs would be operated at a level determined by conservation need, with hatchery-origin production diminishing as natural-origin production increases. Alternatives 4 and 5 would aim for stronger performance goals for hatcheries in the Interior Columbia River recovery domain above Bonneville Dam and the Willamette/Lower Columbia River recovery domain below Bonneville Dam, respectively. Both envision new conservation and harvest hatchery initiatives and would implement a further winnowing of hatchery strays from the spawning grounds and strengthening of wild, native influence in hatcheries. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would provide a comprehensive foundation for NOAA Fisheries decision-making under the Endangered Species and Mitchell acts. Stronger performance goals would reduce negative impacts of hatchery programs on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Natural-origin salmon and steelhead would continue to be at risk from hatchery facility failure and from water intake and effluent discharge effects. Under the action alternatives, commercial, recreational, and tribal fishing harvest would decline; tribal revenues would decline under all but one of the action alternatives. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Mitchell Act of 1938 (16 U.S.C. 755-757). JF - EPA number: 100296, Draft EIS--638 pages, Appendices--CD-ROM, July 30, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 7 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Creeks KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Environmental Justice KW - Fish KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - Recreation Resources KW - Rivers KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Subsistence KW - Water Quality KW - Columbia River KW - Idaho KW - Oregon KW - Snake River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Mitchell Act of 1938, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873131261?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.title=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-14 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 30, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. [Part 19 of 24] T2 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. AN - 873130707; 14549-6_0019 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) policy direction to guide distribution of Mitchell Act funds and inform future review of individual Columbia River basin fish hatchery programs under the Endangered Species Act is proposed. Congress enacted the Mitchell Act in 1938 for the conservation of anadromous fishery resources in the Columbia River basin and has continued to appropriate Mitchell Act funds on an annual basis since 1946. These funds have been used to support research, improve fish passage, install screens on water diversions, and build and operate more than 20 salmon and steelhead hatchery facilities. For each of the past 10 years, hatchery operation funding has been between $11 million and $16 million. Historically, hatchery production levels have been as high as 128.6 million juvenile fish annually, but these levels have been substantially reduced as inflation, maintenance, and other costs have eroded the amount of funding available for fish production. At the same time, NMFS listed eight evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of salmon and five distinct population segments (DPSs) of steelhead in the Columbia River basin under the ESA and cited the adverse effects of hatchery operations as one of the factors for the decline of most of the listed ESUs/DSPs. Policy alternatives are designed to reduce or minimize adverse effects of hatchery operations on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations, while hatchery operators continue to pursue not only the conservation or harvest goals that currently apply to each hatchery program, but also different or additional conservation and harvest goals as identified within the alternatives. It is anticipated that the alternative selected after completion of this EIS process would be applicable for 10 years. Five alternatives are analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative (Alternative A) would perpetuate current conditions. Alternative 2 would eliminate Mitchell Act funding and Mitchell Act-funded hatchery programs would be closed. Non-Mitchell programs would be steered toward intermediate performance goals regarding hatchery influence on the spawning grounds and the influence of wild fish in hatcheries. Under Alternative 3, the intermediate performance goal would be applied to all Columbia River basin hatchery programs and overall production levels would be reduced and conservation hatchery programs would be operated at a level determined by conservation need, with hatchery-origin production diminishing as natural-origin production increases. Alternatives 4 and 5 would aim for stronger performance goals for hatcheries in the Interior Columbia River recovery domain above Bonneville Dam and the Willamette/Lower Columbia River recovery domain below Bonneville Dam, respectively. Both envision new conservation and harvest hatchery initiatives and would implement a further winnowing of hatchery strays from the spawning grounds and strengthening of wild, native influence in hatcheries. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would provide a comprehensive foundation for NOAA Fisheries decision-making under the Endangered Species and Mitchell acts. Stronger performance goals would reduce negative impacts of hatchery programs on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Natural-origin salmon and steelhead would continue to be at risk from hatchery facility failure and from water intake and effluent discharge effects. Under the action alternatives, commercial, recreational, and tribal fishing harvest would decline; tribal revenues would decline under all but one of the action alternatives. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Mitchell Act of 1938 (16 U.S.C. 755-757). JF - EPA number: 100296, Draft EIS--638 pages, Appendices--CD-ROM, July 30, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 19 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Creeks KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Environmental Justice KW - Fish KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - Recreation Resources KW - Rivers KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Subsistence KW - Water Quality KW - Columbia River KW - Idaho KW - Oregon KW - Snake River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Mitchell Act of 1938, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873130707?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.title=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-14 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 30, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. [Part 18 of 24] T2 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. AN - 873130686; 14549-6_0018 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) policy direction to guide distribution of Mitchell Act funds and inform future review of individual Columbia River basin fish hatchery programs under the Endangered Species Act is proposed. Congress enacted the Mitchell Act in 1938 for the conservation of anadromous fishery resources in the Columbia River basin and has continued to appropriate Mitchell Act funds on an annual basis since 1946. These funds have been used to support research, improve fish passage, install screens on water diversions, and build and operate more than 20 salmon and steelhead hatchery facilities. For each of the past 10 years, hatchery operation funding has been between $11 million and $16 million. Historically, hatchery production levels have been as high as 128.6 million juvenile fish annually, but these levels have been substantially reduced as inflation, maintenance, and other costs have eroded the amount of funding available for fish production. At the same time, NMFS listed eight evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of salmon and five distinct population segments (DPSs) of steelhead in the Columbia River basin under the ESA and cited the adverse effects of hatchery operations as one of the factors for the decline of most of the listed ESUs/DSPs. Policy alternatives are designed to reduce or minimize adverse effects of hatchery operations on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations, while hatchery operators continue to pursue not only the conservation or harvest goals that currently apply to each hatchery program, but also different or additional conservation and harvest goals as identified within the alternatives. It is anticipated that the alternative selected after completion of this EIS process would be applicable for 10 years. Five alternatives are analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative (Alternative A) would perpetuate current conditions. Alternative 2 would eliminate Mitchell Act funding and Mitchell Act-funded hatchery programs would be closed. Non-Mitchell programs would be steered toward intermediate performance goals regarding hatchery influence on the spawning grounds and the influence of wild fish in hatcheries. Under Alternative 3, the intermediate performance goal would be applied to all Columbia River basin hatchery programs and overall production levels would be reduced and conservation hatchery programs would be operated at a level determined by conservation need, with hatchery-origin production diminishing as natural-origin production increases. Alternatives 4 and 5 would aim for stronger performance goals for hatcheries in the Interior Columbia River recovery domain above Bonneville Dam and the Willamette/Lower Columbia River recovery domain below Bonneville Dam, respectively. Both envision new conservation and harvest hatchery initiatives and would implement a further winnowing of hatchery strays from the spawning grounds and strengthening of wild, native influence in hatcheries. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would provide a comprehensive foundation for NOAA Fisheries decision-making under the Endangered Species and Mitchell acts. Stronger performance goals would reduce negative impacts of hatchery programs on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Natural-origin salmon and steelhead would continue to be at risk from hatchery facility failure and from water intake and effluent discharge effects. Under the action alternatives, commercial, recreational, and tribal fishing harvest would decline; tribal revenues would decline under all but one of the action alternatives. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Mitchell Act of 1938 (16 U.S.C. 755-757). JF - EPA number: 100296, Draft EIS--638 pages, Appendices--CD-ROM, July 30, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 18 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Creeks KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Environmental Justice KW - Fish KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - Recreation Resources KW - Rivers KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Subsistence KW - Water Quality KW - Columbia River KW - Idaho KW - Oregon KW - Snake River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Mitchell Act of 1938, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873130686?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.title=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-14 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 30, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. [Part 2 of 24] T2 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. AN - 873128055; 14549-6_0002 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) policy direction to guide distribution of Mitchell Act funds and inform future review of individual Columbia River basin fish hatchery programs under the Endangered Species Act is proposed. Congress enacted the Mitchell Act in 1938 for the conservation of anadromous fishery resources in the Columbia River basin and has continued to appropriate Mitchell Act funds on an annual basis since 1946. These funds have been used to support research, improve fish passage, install screens on water diversions, and build and operate more than 20 salmon and steelhead hatchery facilities. For each of the past 10 years, hatchery operation funding has been between $11 million and $16 million. Historically, hatchery production levels have been as high as 128.6 million juvenile fish annually, but these levels have been substantially reduced as inflation, maintenance, and other costs have eroded the amount of funding available for fish production. At the same time, NMFS listed eight evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of salmon and five distinct population segments (DPSs) of steelhead in the Columbia River basin under the ESA and cited the adverse effects of hatchery operations as one of the factors for the decline of most of the listed ESUs/DSPs. Policy alternatives are designed to reduce or minimize adverse effects of hatchery operations on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations, while hatchery operators continue to pursue not only the conservation or harvest goals that currently apply to each hatchery program, but also different or additional conservation and harvest goals as identified within the alternatives. It is anticipated that the alternative selected after completion of this EIS process would be applicable for 10 years. Five alternatives are analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative (Alternative A) would perpetuate current conditions. Alternative 2 would eliminate Mitchell Act funding and Mitchell Act-funded hatchery programs would be closed. Non-Mitchell programs would be steered toward intermediate performance goals regarding hatchery influence on the spawning grounds and the influence of wild fish in hatcheries. Under Alternative 3, the intermediate performance goal would be applied to all Columbia River basin hatchery programs and overall production levels would be reduced and conservation hatchery programs would be operated at a level determined by conservation need, with hatchery-origin production diminishing as natural-origin production increases. Alternatives 4 and 5 would aim for stronger performance goals for hatcheries in the Interior Columbia River recovery domain above Bonneville Dam and the Willamette/Lower Columbia River recovery domain below Bonneville Dam, respectively. Both envision new conservation and harvest hatchery initiatives and would implement a further winnowing of hatchery strays from the spawning grounds and strengthening of wild, native influence in hatcheries. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would provide a comprehensive foundation for NOAA Fisheries decision-making under the Endangered Species and Mitchell acts. Stronger performance goals would reduce negative impacts of hatchery programs on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Natural-origin salmon and steelhead would continue to be at risk from hatchery facility failure and from water intake and effluent discharge effects. Under the action alternatives, commercial, recreational, and tribal fishing harvest would decline; tribal revenues would decline under all but one of the action alternatives. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Mitchell Act of 1938 (16 U.S.C. 755-757). JF - EPA number: 100296, Draft EIS--638 pages, Appendices--CD-ROM, July 30, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 2 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Creeks KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Environmental Justice KW - Fish KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - Recreation Resources KW - Rivers KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Subsistence KW - Water Quality KW - Columbia River KW - Idaho KW - Oregon KW - Snake River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Mitchell Act of 1938, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873128055?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.title=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-14 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 30, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. [Part 4 of 24] T2 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. AN - 873127840; 14549-6_0004 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) policy direction to guide distribution of Mitchell Act funds and inform future review of individual Columbia River basin fish hatchery programs under the Endangered Species Act is proposed. Congress enacted the Mitchell Act in 1938 for the conservation of anadromous fishery resources in the Columbia River basin and has continued to appropriate Mitchell Act funds on an annual basis since 1946. These funds have been used to support research, improve fish passage, install screens on water diversions, and build and operate more than 20 salmon and steelhead hatchery facilities. For each of the past 10 years, hatchery operation funding has been between $11 million and $16 million. Historically, hatchery production levels have been as high as 128.6 million juvenile fish annually, but these levels have been substantially reduced as inflation, maintenance, and other costs have eroded the amount of funding available for fish production. At the same time, NMFS listed eight evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of salmon and five distinct population segments (DPSs) of steelhead in the Columbia River basin under the ESA and cited the adverse effects of hatchery operations as one of the factors for the decline of most of the listed ESUs/DSPs. Policy alternatives are designed to reduce or minimize adverse effects of hatchery operations on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations, while hatchery operators continue to pursue not only the conservation or harvest goals that currently apply to each hatchery program, but also different or additional conservation and harvest goals as identified within the alternatives. It is anticipated that the alternative selected after completion of this EIS process would be applicable for 10 years. Five alternatives are analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative (Alternative A) would perpetuate current conditions. Alternative 2 would eliminate Mitchell Act funding and Mitchell Act-funded hatchery programs would be closed. Non-Mitchell programs would be steered toward intermediate performance goals regarding hatchery influence on the spawning grounds and the influence of wild fish in hatcheries. Under Alternative 3, the intermediate performance goal would be applied to all Columbia River basin hatchery programs and overall production levels would be reduced and conservation hatchery programs would be operated at a level determined by conservation need, with hatchery-origin production diminishing as natural-origin production increases. Alternatives 4 and 5 would aim for stronger performance goals for hatcheries in the Interior Columbia River recovery domain above Bonneville Dam and the Willamette/Lower Columbia River recovery domain below Bonneville Dam, respectively. Both envision new conservation and harvest hatchery initiatives and would implement a further winnowing of hatchery strays from the spawning grounds and strengthening of wild, native influence in hatcheries. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would provide a comprehensive foundation for NOAA Fisheries decision-making under the Endangered Species and Mitchell acts. Stronger performance goals would reduce negative impacts of hatchery programs on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Natural-origin salmon and steelhead would continue to be at risk from hatchery facility failure and from water intake and effluent discharge effects. Under the action alternatives, commercial, recreational, and tribal fishing harvest would decline; tribal revenues would decline under all but one of the action alternatives. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Mitchell Act of 1938 (16 U.S.C. 755-757). JF - EPA number: 100296, Draft EIS--638 pages, Appendices--CD-ROM, July 30, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 4 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Creeks KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Environmental Justice KW - Fish KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - Recreation Resources KW - Rivers KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Subsistence KW - Water Quality KW - Columbia River KW - Idaho KW - Oregon KW - Snake River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Mitchell Act of 1938, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127840?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.title=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-14 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 30, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. [Part 3 of 24] T2 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. AN - 873127834; 14549-6_0003 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) policy direction to guide distribution of Mitchell Act funds and inform future review of individual Columbia River basin fish hatchery programs under the Endangered Species Act is proposed. Congress enacted the Mitchell Act in 1938 for the conservation of anadromous fishery resources in the Columbia River basin and has continued to appropriate Mitchell Act funds on an annual basis since 1946. These funds have been used to support research, improve fish passage, install screens on water diversions, and build and operate more than 20 salmon and steelhead hatchery facilities. For each of the past 10 years, hatchery operation funding has been between $11 million and $16 million. Historically, hatchery production levels have been as high as 128.6 million juvenile fish annually, but these levels have been substantially reduced as inflation, maintenance, and other costs have eroded the amount of funding available for fish production. At the same time, NMFS listed eight evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of salmon and five distinct population segments (DPSs) of steelhead in the Columbia River basin under the ESA and cited the adverse effects of hatchery operations as one of the factors for the decline of most of the listed ESUs/DSPs. Policy alternatives are designed to reduce or minimize adverse effects of hatchery operations on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations, while hatchery operators continue to pursue not only the conservation or harvest goals that currently apply to each hatchery program, but also different or additional conservation and harvest goals as identified within the alternatives. It is anticipated that the alternative selected after completion of this EIS process would be applicable for 10 years. Five alternatives are analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative (Alternative A) would perpetuate current conditions. Alternative 2 would eliminate Mitchell Act funding and Mitchell Act-funded hatchery programs would be closed. Non-Mitchell programs would be steered toward intermediate performance goals regarding hatchery influence on the spawning grounds and the influence of wild fish in hatcheries. Under Alternative 3, the intermediate performance goal would be applied to all Columbia River basin hatchery programs and overall production levels would be reduced and conservation hatchery programs would be operated at a level determined by conservation need, with hatchery-origin production diminishing as natural-origin production increases. Alternatives 4 and 5 would aim for stronger performance goals for hatcheries in the Interior Columbia River recovery domain above Bonneville Dam and the Willamette/Lower Columbia River recovery domain below Bonneville Dam, respectively. Both envision new conservation and harvest hatchery initiatives and would implement a further winnowing of hatchery strays from the spawning grounds and strengthening of wild, native influence in hatcheries. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would provide a comprehensive foundation for NOAA Fisheries decision-making under the Endangered Species and Mitchell acts. Stronger performance goals would reduce negative impacts of hatchery programs on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Natural-origin salmon and steelhead would continue to be at risk from hatchery facility failure and from water intake and effluent discharge effects. Under the action alternatives, commercial, recreational, and tribal fishing harvest would decline; tribal revenues would decline under all but one of the action alternatives. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Mitchell Act of 1938 (16 U.S.C. 755-757). JF - EPA number: 100296, Draft EIS--638 pages, Appendices--CD-ROM, July 30, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 3 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Creeks KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Environmental Justice KW - Fish KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - Recreation Resources KW - Rivers KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Subsistence KW - Water Quality KW - Columbia River KW - Idaho KW - Oregon KW - Snake River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Mitchell Act of 1938, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127834?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.title=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-14 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 30, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN HATCHERY OPERATIONS AND THE FUNDING OF MITCHELL ACT HATCHERY PROGRAMS, OREGON, WASHINGTON, AND IDAHO. AN - 755142729; 14549 AB - PURPOSE: The development of a National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) policy direction to guide distribution of Mitchell Act funds and inform future review of individual Columbia River basin fish hatchery programs under the Endangered Species Act is proposed. Congress enacted the Mitchell Act in 1938 for the conservation of anadromous fishery resources in the Columbia River basin and has continued to appropriate Mitchell Act funds on an annual basis since 1946. These funds have been used to support research, improve fish passage, install screens on water diversions, and build and operate more than 20 salmon and steelhead hatchery facilities. For each of the past 10 years, hatchery operation funding has been between $11 million and $16 million. Historically, hatchery production levels have been as high as 128.6 million juvenile fish annually, but these levels have been substantially reduced as inflation, maintenance, and other costs have eroded the amount of funding available for fish production. At the same time, NMFS listed eight evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of salmon and five distinct population segments (DPSs) of steelhead in the Columbia River basin under the ESA and cited the adverse effects of hatchery operations as one of the factors for the decline of most of the listed ESUs/DSPs. Policy alternatives are designed to reduce or minimize adverse effects of hatchery operations on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations, while hatchery operators continue to pursue not only the conservation or harvest goals that currently apply to each hatchery program, but also different or additional conservation and harvest goals as identified within the alternatives. It is anticipated that the alternative selected after completion of this EIS process would be applicable for 10 years. Five alternatives are analyzed in this draft EIS. The No Action Alternative (Alternative A) would perpetuate current conditions. Alternative 2 would eliminate Mitchell Act funding and Mitchell Act-funded hatchery programs would be closed. Non-Mitchell programs would be steered toward intermediate performance goals regarding hatchery influence on the spawning grounds and the influence of wild fish in hatcheries. Under Alternative 3, the intermediate performance goal would be applied to all Columbia River basin hatchery programs and overall production levels would be reduced and conservation hatchery programs would be operated at a level determined by conservation need, with hatchery-origin production diminishing as natural-origin production increases. Alternatives 4 and 5 would aim for stronger performance goals for hatcheries in the Interior Columbia River recovery domain above Bonneville Dam and the Willamette/Lower Columbia River recovery domain below Bonneville Dam, respectively. Both envision new conservation and harvest hatchery initiatives and would implement a further winnowing of hatchery strays from the spawning grounds and strengthening of wild, native influence in hatcheries. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would provide a comprehensive foundation for NOAA Fisheries decision-making under the Endangered Species and Mitchell acts. Stronger performance goals would reduce negative impacts of hatchery programs on natural-origin salmon and steelhead populations. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Natural-origin salmon and steelhead would continue to be at risk from hatchery facility failure and from water intake and effluent discharge effects. Under the action alternatives, commercial, recreational, and tribal fishing harvest would decline; tribal revenues would decline under all but one of the action alternatives. LEGAL MANDATES: Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and Mitchell Act of 1938 (16 U.S.C. 755-757). JF - EPA number: 100296, Draft EIS--638 pages, Appendices--CD-ROM, July 30, 2010 PY - 2010 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Creeks KW - Endangered Species (Animals) KW - Environmental Justice KW - Fish KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - Recreation Resources KW - Rivers KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Subsistence KW - Water Quality KW - Columbia River KW - Idaho KW - Oregon KW - Snake River KW - Washington KW - Endangered Species Act of 1973, Animals KW - Mitchell Act of 1938, Project Authorization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/755142729?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.title=COLUMBIA+RIVER+BASIN+HATCHERY+OPERATIONS+AND+THE+FUNDING+OF+MITCHELL+ACT+HATCHERY+PROGRAMS%2C+OREGON%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+AND+IDAHO.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-14 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 30, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Merging Thermal and Microwave Satellite Observations for a High-Resolution Soil Moisture Data Product T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312997311; 6020569 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Zhan, Xiwu AU - Anderson, Martha AU - Liu, Jicheng Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Remote sensing KW - Satellites KW - Soil moisture KW - Data processing KW - Microwave radiation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312997311?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Merging+Thermal+and+Microwave+Satellite+Observations+for+a+High-Resolution+Soil+Moisture+Data+Product&rft.au=Zhan%2C+Xiwu%3BAnderson%2C+Martha%3BLiu%2C+Jicheng&rft.aulast=Zhan&rft.aufirst=Xiwu&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Performance Assessment of the Npoess Preparatory Project Cross-Track Infrared and Microwave Sounder Suite (Crimss) Environmental Data Records (Edrs) T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312995943; 6020117 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Zhou, Lihang Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - performance assessment KW - Data processing KW - Performance assessment KW - Microwave radiation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312995943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Performance+Assessment+of+the+Npoess+Preparatory+Project+Cross-Track+Infrared+and+Microwave+Sounder+Suite+%28Crimss%29+Environmental+Data+Records+%28Edrs%29&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Lihang&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Lihang&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Tsunami Forecasting: A Framework for Advances in Tsunami Research T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312995178; 6019819 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Bernard, Eddie Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - tsunamis KW - Tsunamis KW - Prediction UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312995178?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Tsunami+Forecasting%3A+A+Framework+for+Advances+in+Tsunami+Research&rft.au=Bernard%2C+Eddie&rft.aulast=Bernard&rft.aufirst=Eddie&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A Kalman Fielter Approach to Integrate Precipitation Information from Satellite and Gauge Observations over the Globe T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312994197; 6019580 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Xie, Pingping AU - Joyce, Robert AU - Yoo, Soo-Hyun AU - Yarosh, Yelena Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Remote sensing KW - Satellites KW - Information processing KW - Precipitation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312994197?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=A+Kalman+Fielter+Approach+to+Integrate+Precipitation+Information+from+Satellite+and+Gauge+Observations+over+the+Globe&rft.au=Xie%2C+Pingping%3BJoyce%2C+Robert%3BYoo%2C+Soo-Hyun%3BYarosh%2C+Yelena&rft.aulast=Xie&rft.aufirst=Pingping&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Status of Pre-Launch Activities for the Npoess Community Collaborative Calibration/Validation Program for the Npoess Preparatory Project T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312992736; 6018880 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Kilcoyne, Heather Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Geosciences KW - Signal processing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312992736?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Status+of+Pre-Launch+Activities+for+the+Npoess+Community+Collaborative+Calibration%2FValidation+Program+for+the+Npoess+Preparatory+Project&rft.au=Kilcoyne%2C+Heather&rft.aulast=Kilcoyne&rft.aufirst=Heather&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Goes-R Series: The Next Generation of Goes T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312992687; 6018879 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Mandt, Gregory Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Geosciences KW - Signal processing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312992687?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Goes-R+Series%3A+The+Next+Generation+of+Goes&rft.au=Mandt%2C+Gregory&rft.aulast=Mandt&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Sensing Habitat Use by Ice-Associated Seals; From Dog Noses to Satellite Observations T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312983494; 6020267 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Kelly, Brendan AU - Boveng, Peter AU - Cameron, Michael Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - seals KW - Remote sensing KW - Satellites KW - Habitat utilization KW - Habitat selection KW - Nose KW - Marine mammals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312983494?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Sensing+Habitat+Use+by+Ice-Associated+Seals%3B+From+Dog+Noses+to+Satellite+Observations&rft.au=Kelly%2C+Brendan%3BBoveng%2C+Peter%3BCameron%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Kelly&rft.aufirst=Brendan&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Inter-Satellite Calibration of Microwave Sounders for Climate Trend Monitoring T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312983245; 6020262 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Zou, Cheng-Zhi Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Climate KW - Microwave radiation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312983245?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Inter-Satellite+Calibration+of+Microwave+Sounders+for+Climate+Trend+Monitoring&rft.au=Zou%2C+Cheng-Zhi&rft.aulast=Zou&rft.aufirst=Cheng-Zhi&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Oil Spill Detection and Tracking Using Sar Imagery in the Gulf of Mexico T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312977538; 6019903 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Pichel, William Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Mexico Gulf KW - Oil spills KW - Tracking UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312977538?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Oil+Spill+Detection+and+Tracking+Using+Sar+Imagery+in+the+Gulf+of+Mexico&rft.au=Pichel%2C+William&rft.aulast=Pichel&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Global Space-Based Inter-Calibration System (Gsics) Sensor Intercomparisons and Corrections T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312975647; 6019487 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Goldberg, Mitchell AU - Wu, Xiangqian Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Sensors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312975647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Global+Space-Based+Inter-Calibration+System+%28Gsics%29+Sensor+Intercomparisons+and+Corrections&rft.au=Goldberg%2C+Mitchell%3BWu%2C+Xiangqian&rft.aulast=Goldberg&rft.aufirst=Mitchell&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Using Hyperspectral Infrared Radiance Global Data Sets to Validate Climate Analyses T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312975350; 6019481 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Goldberg, Mitchell AU - Zhou, Lihang AU - Liu, Xingpin AU - Wang, Likun Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Data processing KW - Climate KW - Radiance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312975350?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Using+Hyperspectral+Infrared+Radiance+Global+Data+Sets+to+Validate+Climate+Analyses&rft.au=Goldberg%2C+Mitchell%3BZhou%2C+Lihang%3BLiu%2C+Xingpin%3BWang%2C+Likun&rft.aulast=Goldberg&rft.aufirst=Mitchell&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Global Biomass Burning Emissions Product from a Constellation of Geostationary Satellites T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312974890; 6018932 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Kondragunta, Shobha AU - Zhang, Xiaoyang AU - Schmidt, Christopher AU - Pierce, Brad Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Combustion products KW - Remote sensing KW - burning KW - Satellites KW - Biomass KW - Emissions KW - Burning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312974890?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Global+Biomass+Burning+Emissions+Product+from+a+Constellation+of+Geostationary+Satellites&rft.au=Kondragunta%2C+Shobha%3BZhang%2C+Xiaoyang%3BSchmidt%2C+Christopher%3BPierce%2C+Brad&rft.aulast=Kondragunta&rft.aufirst=Shobha&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Numerical Simulation of Wave Breaking T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312974245; 6020457 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Irisov, Vladimir AU - Voronovich, Alexander Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Simulation KW - Mathematical models KW - Waves KW - Wave breaking UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312974245?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Numerical+Simulation+of+Wave+Breaking&rft.au=Irisov%2C+Vladimir%3BVoronovich%2C+Alexander&rft.aulast=Irisov&rft.aufirst=Vladimir&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Review of Observing System Simulation Experiments to Evaluate the Potential Impact of Lidar Winds on Weather Prediction T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312973980; 6019842 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Atlas, Robert Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Reviews KW - Simulation KW - Lidar KW - Weather forecasting KW - Wind UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312973980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Review+of+Observing+System+Simulation+Experiments+to+Evaluate+the+Potential+Impact+of+Lidar+Winds+on+Weather+Prediction&rft.au=Atlas%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Atlas&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Operational Environmental Data in 2010: Connecting Global and Local Observations T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312973733; 6019815 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - St Germain, Karen Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Data processing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312973733?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Operational+Environmental+Data+in+2010%3A+Connecting+Global+and+Local+Observations&rft.au=St+Germain%2C+Karen&rft.aulast=St+Germain&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Combining Measurements and Models for Real-Time Tsunami Forecast T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312971819; 6019820 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Wei, Yong AU - Titov, Vasily Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - tsunamis KW - Models KW - Tsunamis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312971819?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Combining+Measurements+and+Models+for+Real-Time+Tsunami+Forecast&rft.au=Wei%2C+Yong%3BTitov%2C+Vasily&rft.aulast=Wei&rft.aufirst=Yong&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Ceos Wgiss Integrated Catalog for Geo T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312971791; 6019511 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - McDonald, Kenneth AU - Enloe, Yonsook AU - Burnett, Michael AU - Yapur, Martin Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Catalogs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312971791?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=The+Ceos+Wgiss+Integrated+Catalog+for+Geo&rft.au=McDonald%2C+Kenneth%3BEnloe%2C+Yonsook%3BBurnett%2C+Michael%3BYapur%2C+Martin&rft.aulast=McDonald&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Noaa'S Global High Resolution Satellite Sea Surface Temperature Blended Analysis T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312968466; 6019306 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Maturi, Eileen AU - Sapper, John AU - Pichel, William Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Temperature effects KW - Remote sensing KW - Satellites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312968466?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Noaa%27S+Global+High+Resolution+Satellite+Sea+Surface+Temperature+Blended+Analysis&rft.au=Maturi%2C+Eileen%3BSapper%2C+John%3BPichel%2C+William&rft.aulast=Maturi&rft.aufirst=Eileen&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Nonlinear Modal Analysis and Superposition T2 - 9th U.S. National and 10th Canadian Conference on Earthquake Engineering (9USN/10CCEE) AN - 1312963036; 6018273 JF - 9th U.S. National and 10th Canadian Conference on Earthquake Engineering (9USN/10CCEE) AU - Wong, Kevin AU - Harris, John Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Geosciences KW - Environmental engineering KW - Civil engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312963036?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=9th+U.S.+National+and+10th+Canadian+Conference+on+Earthquake+Engineering+%289USN%2F10CCEE%29&rft.atitle=Nonlinear+Modal+Analysis+and+Superposition&rft.au=Wong%2C+Kevin%3BHarris%2C+John&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=9th+U.S.+National+and+10th+Canadian+Conference+on+Earthquake+Engineering+%289USN%2F10CCEE%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://2010eqconf.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/All-concurrent.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Impact of the Dual Frequency Scatterometer on Noaa Operations T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312945224; 6019553 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Jelenak, Zorana AU - Chang, Paul Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Scatterometers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312945224?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Impact+of+the+Dual+Frequency+Scatterometer+on+Noaa+Operations&rft.au=Jelenak%2C+Zorana%3BChang%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Jelenak&rft.aufirst=Zorana&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Gcom Data Utilization at Noaa T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312945114; 6019550 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Chang, Paul AU - Jelenak, Zorana AU - Wilczynski, Peter Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Data processing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312945114?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Gcom+Data+Utilization+at+Noaa&rft.au=Chang%2C+Paul%3BJelenak%2C+Zorana%3BWilczynski%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Global Change Observation Mission (Gcom) Data Recovery by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Noaa) - an International Partnership to Capture Critical Operational and Climate Environmental Data Records from Space T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312942019; 6019051 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Wilczynski, Peter Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Data processing KW - Climatic changes KW - Ocean-atmosphere system UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312942019?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Global+Change+Observation+Mission+%28Gcom%29+Data+Recovery+by+the+National+Oceanic+and+Atmospheric+Administration+%28Noaa%29+-+an+International+Partnership+to+Capture+Critical+Operational+and+Climate+Environmental+Data+Records+from+Space&rft.au=Wilczynski%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Wilczynski&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Open Standards in the Integrated Ocean Observing System (Ioos) T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312934727; 6020239 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - de La Beaujardiere, Jeff Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Oceans UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312934727?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Open+Standards+in+the+Integrated+Ocean+Observing+System+%28Ioos%29&rft.au=de+La+Beaujardiere%2C+Jeff&rft.aulast=de+La+Beaujardiere&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Offshore Tsunameter Data Analysis & Applications: Detiding, Quality Control & Model Validation T2 - 9th U.S. National and 10th Canadian Conference on Earthquake Engineering (9USN/10CCEE) AN - 1312934672; 6018087 JF - 9th U.S. National and 10th Canadian Conference on Earthquake Engineering (9USN/10CCEE) AU - Donoho, Natalia AU - Gill, Stephen AU - Glebushko, Katerina Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Quality control KW - Data processing KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312934672?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=9th+U.S.+National+and+10th+Canadian+Conference+on+Earthquake+Engineering+%289USN%2F10CCEE%29&rft.atitle=Offshore+Tsunameter+Data+Analysis+%26amp%3B+Applications%3A+Detiding%2C+Quality+Control+%26amp%3B+Model+Validation&rft.au=Donoho%2C+Natalia%3BGill%2C+Stephen%3BGlebushko%2C+Katerina&rft.aulast=Donoho&rft.aufirst=Natalia&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=9th+U.S.+National+and+10th+Canadian+Conference+on+Earthquake+Engineering+%289USN%2F10CCEE%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://2010eqconf.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/Tsunami_Program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Does Efficient Irrigation Technology Lead to Reduced Groundwater Extraction? Empirical Evidence T2 - Joint Annual Meeting of the Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society and Western Agricultural Economics Association (AAEA-CAES-WAEA 2010) AN - 1312931917; 6017625 JF - Joint Annual Meeting of the Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society and Western Agricultural Economics Association (AAEA-CAES-WAEA 2010) AU - Pfeiffer, Lisa AU - Lin, C.-Y. Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Irrigation KW - Ground water KW - Technology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312931917?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Joint+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Agricultural+and+Applied+Economics+Association%2C+Canadian+Agricultural+Economics+Society+and+Western+Agricultural+Economics+Association+%28AAEA-CAES-WAEA+2010%29&rft.atitle=Does+Efficient+Irrigation+Technology+Lead+to+Reduced+Groundwater+Extraction%3F+Empirical+Evidence&rft.au=Pfeiffer%2C+Lisa%3BLin%2C+C.-Y.&rft.aulast=Pfeiffer&rft.aufirst=Lisa&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Joint+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Agricultural+and+Applied+Economics+Association%2C+Canadian+Agricultural+Economics+Society+and+Western+Agricultural+Economics+Association+%28AAEA-CAES-WAEA+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.aaea.org/2010am/Concurrent_Sessions.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Application of Remotely Sensed Wind Measurements to Ocean Surface Wind Analysis T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312931109; 6020204 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Atlas, Robert Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Oceans KW - Wind measurement UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312931109?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Application+of+Remotely+Sensed+Wind+Measurements+to+Ocean+Surface+Wind+Analysis&rft.au=Atlas%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Atlas&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Impact of a Hydrometeor Background Covariance Matrix Stratified by Precipitation Type on a 1d-Var Physical-Based Retrieval System T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312930965; 6020201 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Iturbide-Sanchez, Flavio Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Precipitation KW - Hydrometeors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312930965?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Impact+of+a+Hydrometeor+Background+Covariance+Matrix+Stratified+by+Precipitation+Type+on+a+1d-Var+Physical-Based+Retrieval+System&rft.au=Iturbide-Sanchez%2C+Flavio&rft.aulast=Iturbide-Sanchez&rft.aufirst=Flavio&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Statistical Analysis of Jason-1 Sea Surface Height and Backscattering During Sumatra-Adaman Tsunami T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312926303; 6019327 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Irisov, Vladimir AU - Godin, Oleg AU - Hamlington, Benjamin AU - Leben, Robert AU - Wick, Gary Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - tsunamis KW - Statistical analysis KW - Tsunamis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312926303?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Statistical+Analysis+of+Jason-1+Sea+Surface+Height+and+Backscattering+During+Sumatra-Adaman+Tsunami&rft.au=Irisov%2C+Vladimir%3BGodin%2C+Oleg%3BHamlington%2C+Benjamin%3BLeben%2C+Robert%3BWick%2C+Gary&rft.aulast=Irisov&rft.aufirst=Vladimir&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Development of Global Land Surface Emissivity Product at AMSR-E Passive Microwave Frequencies T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312924466; 6018957 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Norouzi, Hamidreza AU - Temimi, Marouane AU - Khanbilvardi, Reza Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - emissivity KW - Emissivity KW - Microwave radiation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312924466?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Development+of+Global+Land+Surface+Emissivity+Product+at+AMSR-E+Passive+Microwave+Frequencies&rft.au=Norouzi%2C+Hamidreza%3BTemimi%2C+Marouane%3BKhanbilvardi%2C+Reza&rft.aulast=Norouzi&rft.aufirst=Hamidreza&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Ocean Wind Measurements with Gps Multistatic Radar from High-Altitude Aircraft T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312921059; 6020442 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Zavorotny, Valery AU - Akos, Dennis AU - Walsh, Edward Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Aircraft KW - Radar KW - Oceans KW - Wind measurement UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312921059?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Ocean+Wind+Measurements+with+Gps+Multistatic+Radar+from+High-Altitude+Aircraft&rft.au=Zavorotny%2C+Valery%3BAkos%2C+Dennis%3BWalsh%2C+Edward&rft.aulast=Zavorotny&rft.aufirst=Valery&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Wind Mapping by Ocean Acoustic Interferometry T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312920953; 6020440 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Voronovich, Alexander AU - Penland, Cecile Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Acoustics KW - Mapping KW - interferometry KW - Oceans KW - Wind KW - Interferometry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312920953?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Wind+Mapping+by+Ocean+Acoustic+Interferometry&rft.au=Voronovich%2C+Alexander%3BPenland%2C+Cecile&rft.aulast=Voronovich&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Optimal Multi-species Harvesting in the Presence of a Nuisance Species T2 - Joint Annual Meeting of the Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society and Western Agricultural Economics Association (AAEA-CAES-WAEA 2010) AN - 1312920112; 6017456 JF - Joint Annual Meeting of the Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society and Western Agricultural Economics Association (AAEA-CAES-WAEA 2010) AU - Kasperski, Stephen Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - harvesting KW - Harvesting UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312920112?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Joint+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Agricultural+and+Applied+Economics+Association%2C+Canadian+Agricultural+Economics+Society+and+Western+Agricultural+Economics+Association+%28AAEA-CAES-WAEA+2010%29&rft.atitle=Optimal+Multi-species+Harvesting+in+the+Presence+of+a+Nuisance+Species&rft.au=Kasperski%2C+Stephen&rft.aulast=Kasperski&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Joint+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Agricultural+and+Applied+Economics+Association%2C+Canadian+Agricultural+Economics+Society+and+Western+Agricultural+Economics+Association+%28AAEA-CAES-WAEA+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.aaea.org/2010am/Concurrent_Sessions.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Modeling the Impacts of Climate Change on Fleet Behavior in the Bering Sea Pollock Fishery T2 - Joint Annual Meeting of the Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society and Western Agricultural Economics Association (AAEA-CAES-WAEA 2010) AN - 1312920031; 6017454 JF - Joint Annual Meeting of the Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society and Western Agricultural Economics Association (AAEA-CAES-WAEA 2010) AU - Pfeiffer, Lisa AU - Haynie, Alan Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Bering Sea KW - Fisheries KW - Climatic changes KW - Marine fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312920031?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Joint+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Agricultural+and+Applied+Economics+Association%2C+Canadian+Agricultural+Economics+Society+and+Western+Agricultural+Economics+Association+%28AAEA-CAES-WAEA+2010%29&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+Impacts+of+Climate+Change+on+Fleet+Behavior+in+the+Bering+Sea+Pollock+Fishery&rft.au=Pfeiffer%2C+Lisa%3BHaynie%2C+Alan&rft.aulast=Pfeiffer&rft.aufirst=Lisa&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Joint+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Agricultural+and+Applied+Economics+Association%2C+Canadian+Agricultural+Economics+Society+and+Western+Agricultural+Economics+Association+%28AAEA-CAES-WAEA+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.aaea.org/2010am/Concurrent_Sessions.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Modeling of Microwave Backscattering from a Rough Sea Surface with Steep Waves T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312919643; 6019975 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Voronovich, Alexander AU - Zavorotny, Valery Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Waves KW - Microwave radiation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312919643?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Modeling+of+Microwave+Backscattering+from+a+Rough+Sea+Surface+with+Steep+Waves&rft.au=Voronovich%2C+Alexander%3BZavorotny%2C+Valery&rft.aulast=Voronovich&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Global Comparison of Sea Surface Currents Derived from Drifter and Altimetry Observations T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312918564; 6019778 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Lumpkin, Rick Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - altimetry KW - Currents KW - Altimetry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312918564?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Global+Comparison+of+Sea+Surface+Currents+Derived+from+Drifter+and+Altimetry+Observations&rft.au=Lumpkin%2C+Rick&rft.aulast=Lumpkin&rft.aufirst=Rick&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Assessment of Ascat High Wind Retrievals within Extratropical Cyclones at Noaa Ocean Prediction Center T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312917001; 6019370 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Ahmad, Khalil AU - Jelenak, Zorana AU - Sienkiewicz, Joseph AU - Chang, Paul Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - cyclones KW - Oceans KW - Cyclones KW - Wind UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312917001?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+Ascat+High+Wind+Retrievals+within+Extratropical+Cyclones+at+Noaa+Ocean+Prediction+Center&rft.au=Ahmad%2C+Khalil%3BJelenak%2C+Zorana%3BSienkiewicz%2C+Joseph%3BChang%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Ahmad&rft.aufirst=Khalil&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A Revised Geophysical Model Function for the Advanced Scatterometer (Ascat) at Noaa/Nesdis T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312916979; 6019369 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Soisuvarn, Seubson AU - Jelenak, Zorana AU - Chang, Paul AU - Zhu, Qi Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Geophysics KW - Models KW - Scatterometers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312916979?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=A+Revised+Geophysical+Model+Function+for+the+Advanced+Scatterometer+%28Ascat%29+at+Noaa%2FNesdis&rft.au=Soisuvarn%2C+Seubson%3BJelenak%2C+Zorana%3BChang%2C+Paul%3BZhu%2C+Qi&rft.aulast=Soisuvarn&rft.aufirst=Seubson&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Comparing the Forecast Impacts from Assimilating Ssmis and Amsu Data in Ncep Global Forecast System (Gfs) T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312914829; 6018970 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Weng, Fuzhong AU - Yan, Banghua Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Data processing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312914829?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Comparing+the+Forecast+Impacts+from+Assimilating+Ssmis+and+Amsu+Data+in+Ncep+Global+Forecast+System+%28Gfs%29&rft.au=Weng%2C+Fuzhong%3BYan%2C+Banghua&rft.aulast=Weng&rft.aufirst=Fuzhong&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Automated Monitoring of Volcanic Ash Micro- and Macro-Physical Properties: A Comparison of Current and Future Satellite Instrument Capabilities T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312914210; 6018931 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Pavolonis, Michael Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Monitoring instruments KW - Volcanic ash KW - Remote sensing KW - Satellites KW - Automation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312914210?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Automated+Monitoring+of+Volcanic+Ash+Micro-+and+Macro-Physical+Properties%3A+A+Comparison+of+Current+and+Future+Satellite+Instrument+Capabilities&rft.au=Pavolonis%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Pavolonis&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Evaluation of CRIS/ATMS Proxy Radiances/Retrievals with Iasi Retrievals, ECMWF Analysis and RAOB Measurements T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312914163; 6018930 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Divakarla, Murty Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Geosciences KW - Signal processing KW - Iasis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312914163?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+CRIS%2FATMS+Proxy+Radiances%2FRetrievals+with+Iasi+Retrievals%2C+ECMWF+Analysis+and+RAOB+Measurements&rft.au=Divakarla%2C+Murty&rft.aulast=Divakarla&rft.aufirst=Murty&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Validation for Goes-R and NPOESS Land Surface Temperature Products: Analyzing Difference between Satellite and in Situ Measurements T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312914132; 6018929 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Yu, Yunyue AU - Chen, Ming AU - Tarpley, Dan AU - Privette, Jeffrey Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Temperature effects KW - Remote sensing KW - Satellites KW - in situ measurement UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312914132?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Validation+for+Goes-R+and+NPOESS+Land+Surface+Temperature+Products%3A+Analyzing+Difference+between+Satellite+and+in+Situ+Measurements&rft.au=Yu%2C+Yunyue%3BChen%2C+Ming%3BTarpley%2C+Dan%3BPrivette%2C+Jeffrey&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=Yunyue&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The value of maritime heritage to Arctic conservation T2 - Coastal Zone Canada Conference 2010 and Youth Forum (CZC 2010) AN - 1312903208; 6015037 JF - Coastal Zone Canada Conference 2010 and Youth Forum (CZC 2010) AU - Barr, Brad Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Arctic KW - Conservation KW - Polar environments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312903208?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Coastal+Zone+Canada+Conference+2010+and+Youth+Forum+%28CZC+2010%29&rft.atitle=The+value+of+maritime+heritage+to+Arctic+conservation&rft.au=Barr%2C+Brad&rft.aulast=Barr&rft.aufirst=Brad&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Coastal+Zone+Canada+Conference+2010+and+Youth+Forum+%28CZC+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.gov.pe.ca/photos/original/FARD_czcprogram.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Use of Noaa Products Validation System in Support of Satellite Derived Product Systems T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312893386; 6019969 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Reale, Anthony Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Remote sensing KW - Satellites UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312893386?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=The+Use+of+Noaa+Products+Validation+System+in+Support+of+Satellite+Derived+Product+Systems&rft.au=Reale%2C+Anthony&rft.aulast=Reale&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A Microwave-Based Hydrometeor Profile Retrieval Algorithm Using a Variational Technique T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312892049; 6019747 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Boukabara, Sid-Ahmed AU - Iturbide-Sanchez, Flavio AU - Garrett, Kevin AU - Chen, Wanchun AU - Grassotti, Christopher Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Algorithms KW - Mathematical models KW - Hydrometeors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312892049?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=A+Microwave-Based+Hydrometeor+Profile+Retrieval+Algorithm+Using+a+Variational+Technique&rft.au=Boukabara%2C+Sid-Ahmed%3BIturbide-Sanchez%2C+Flavio%3BGarrett%2C+Kevin%3BChen%2C+Wanchun%3BGrassotti%2C+Christopher&rft.aulast=Boukabara&rft.aufirst=Sid-Ahmed&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Retrieving Snowfall Rate Using Satellite Passive Microwave Data T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312891978; 6019745 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Meng, Huan AU - Yan, Banghua AU - Ferraro, Ralph AU - Price, David Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Remote sensing KW - Satellites KW - Data processing KW - Microwave radiation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312891978?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Retrieving+Snowfall+Rate+Using+Satellite+Passive+Microwave+Data&rft.au=Meng%2C+Huan%3BYan%2C+Banghua%3BFerraro%2C+Ralph%3BPrice%2C+David&rft.aulast=Meng&rft.aufirst=Huan&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Analysis of Vegetation Index Ndvi Anisotropy to Improve the Accuracy of the Goes-R Green Vegetation Fraction Product T2 - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AN - 1312890270; 6019655 JF - 30th Annual for IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010) AU - Tian, Yuhong AU - Romanov, Peter AU - Yu, Yunyue AU - Xu, Hui AU - Tarpley, Dan Y1 - 2010/07/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 25 KW - Vegetation KW - Anisotropy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312890270?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+Vegetation+Index+Ndvi+Anisotropy+to+Improve+the+Accuracy+of+the+Goes-R+Green+Vegetation+Fraction+Product&rft.au=Tian%2C+Yuhong%3BRomanov%2C+Peter%3BYu%2C+Yunyue%3BXu%2C+Hui%3BTarpley%2C+Dan&rft.aulast=Tian&rft.aufirst=Yuhong&rft.date=2010-07-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=30th+Annual+for+IEEE+International+Geoscience+and+Remote+Sensing+Symposium+%28IGARSS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.igarss10.org/IGARSS2010_ProgramGuide.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Rate coefficients for the ClO + ClO + M (M = He, N2) Reaction as a Function of Temperature and Pressure T2 - 21st International Symposium on Gas Kinetics (GK2010) AN - 1312962723; 6009223 JF - 21st International Symposium on Gas Kinetics (GK2010) AU - Burkholder, James AU - Feierabend, Karl Y1 - 2010/07/18/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 18 KW - Temperature effects KW - Pressure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312962723?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=21st+International+Symposium+on+Gas+Kinetics+%28GK2010%29&rft.atitle=Rate+coefficients+for+the+ClO+%2B+ClO+%2B+M+%28M+%3D+He%2C+N2%29+Reaction+as+a+Function+of+Temperature+and+Pressure&rft.au=Burkholder%2C+James%3BFeierabend%2C+Karl&rft.aulast=Burkholder&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2010-07-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=21st+International+Symposium+on+Gas+Kinetics+%28GK2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://arrhenius.chem.kuleuven.be/~gk2010/Scientific%20program%20for%20GK2010%20as%20of%2021%20June%202010.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Isomerization of cis-1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane in Shock Tube Experiments T2 - 21st International Symposium on Gas Kinetics (GK2010) AN - 1312912830; 6009200 JF - 21st International Symposium on Gas Kinetics (GK2010) AU - Rosado-Reyes, Claudette AU - Tsang, Wing Y1 - 2010/07/18/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 18 KW - Isomerization KW - Shock UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312912830?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=21st+International+Symposium+on+Gas+Kinetics+%28GK2010%29&rft.atitle=The+Isomerization+of+cis-1%2C2-Dimethylcyclohexane+in+Shock+Tube+Experiments&rft.au=Rosado-Reyes%2C+Claudette%3BTsang%2C+Wing&rft.aulast=Rosado-Reyes&rft.aufirst=Claudette&rft.date=2010-07-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=21st+International+Symposium+on+Gas+Kinetics+%28GK2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://arrhenius.chem.kuleuven.be/~gk2010/Scientific%20program%20for%20GK2010%20as%20of%2021%20June%202010.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Heterogeneous Interaction of N2O5 with HCl Doped H2SO4 under Stratospheric Conditions: ClNO2 and Cl2 Yields T2 - 21st International Symposium on Gas Kinetics (GK2010) AN - 1312911200; 6009180 JF - 21st International Symposium on Gas Kinetics (GK2010) AU - Talukdar, Ranajit AU - Burkholder, J AU - Roberts, James AU - Portmann, Robert AU - Ravishankara, A Y1 - 2010/07/18/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 18 KW - Stratosphere UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312911200?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=21st+International+Symposium+on+Gas+Kinetics+%28GK2010%29&rft.atitle=Heterogeneous+Interaction+of+N2O5+with+HCl+Doped+H2SO4+under+Stratospheric+Conditions%3A+ClNO2+and+Cl2+Yields&rft.au=Talukdar%2C+Ranajit%3BBurkholder%2C+J%3BRoberts%2C+James%3BPortmann%2C+Robert%3BRavishankara%2C+A&rft.aulast=Talukdar&rft.aufirst=Ranajit&rft.date=2010-07-18&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=21st+International+Symposium+on+Gas+Kinetics+%28GK2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://arrhenius.chem.kuleuven.be/~gk2010/Scientific%20program%20for%20GK2010%20as%20of%2021%20June%202010.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Exact and numerical boundary control of the diffusion equation in cryobiology T2 - 47th Annual Meeting of the Society for Cryobiology (CRYO 2010) AN - 1312935039; 6001286 JF - 47th Annual Meeting of the Society for Cryobiology (CRYO 2010) AU - Benson, James Y1 - 2010/07/17/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 17 KW - cryobiology KW - Diffusion KW - Mathematical models KW - Boundaries KW - Cryobiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312935039?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=47th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Cryobiology+%28CRYO+2010%29&rft.atitle=Exact+and+numerical+boundary+control+of+the+diffusion+equation+in+cryobiology&rft.au=Benson%2C+James&rft.aulast=Benson&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2010-07-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=47th+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+for+Cryobiology+%28CRYO+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.cryo-2010.org/programme/programme.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - AMENDMENT 2 TO THE FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR THE QUEEN CONCH FISHERY AND AMENDMENT 5 TO THE FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR THE REEF FISH FISHERY, PUERTO RICO AND THE U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS. [Part 1 of 1] T2 - AMENDMENT 2 TO THE FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR THE QUEEN CONCH FISHERY AND AMENDMENT 5 TO THE FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR THE REEF FISH FISHERY, PUERTO RICO AND THE U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS. AN - 873130835; 14500-5_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The amendment of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for reef fish and queen conch in the U.S. Caribbean to bring those fisheries into compliance with the 2007 revisions to the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (MSA) is proposed. Caribbean queen conch, parrotfish, and several species within the Caribbean snapper and grouper families are currently classified as subject to overfishing. Six actions are included in the proposed amendment. Action 1 would amend the grouper and snapper stock complexes in the reef fish fishery management unit (FMU). Action 2 would revise management reference points to transition U.S. Caribbean reef fish and queen conch management from that established in the Comprehensive Sustainable Fisheries Amendment (SFA) of 2005 to that mandated by the MSA as amended through January 12, 2007. Action 3 would work in concert with Action 2 and would provide the specific details regarding the distribution and numerical value of annual catch limits (ACLs) for the various island groups, including Puerto Rico, St. Croix in the United States Virgin Islands (USVI), and the island group of St. Thomas and St. John in the USVI. Action 4 would implement management measures with specific emphasis on harvest prohibitions for three parrotfish species (midnight, blue, and rainbow) that serve an essential ecological function and which are relatively large and long-lived, and would impose recreational bag limits for reef fish. Action 5 would implement guidelines for triggering accountability measures (AMs) and for applying those AMs. Finally, Action 6 would establish framework provisions separately for reef fish and queen conch. Sub-actions included in Action 1 would address the grouper complex with regard to misty, yellowedge, and black grouper, and creole fish, and the snapper complex with regard to the cardinal snapper and wenchman species. For Actions 2 and 3, the preferred alternative would redefine management reference points or proxies for the snapper, grouper, and parrotfish complexes based on the longest time series of pre-Comprehensive SFA catch data that is considered to be reliable across all islands and define geographic boundaries between each island group. Division and management of ACLs by island group would be based on the preferred reference point time series using a equidistant method for dividing the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) among islands. Preferred alternatives for Action 4 would establish an overall aggregate bag limit that allows a fisher a total of 10 fish per day including not more than two parrotfish and a vessel limit of not more than 30 fish per day of which no more than six can be parrotfish. Fishing for or possessing midnight parrotfish, blue parrotfish, and rainbow parrotfish would be prohibited in the EEZ. For Action 5, preferred alternatives include three sub-alternatives that would provide for AMs to be triggered if the ACL is exceeded based on a single year of landings, the average of the two most recent years of landings, or an average of the three most recent years of landings. Alternatives for amending the framework procedures for the reef fish and queen conch FMPs would provide a mechanism to expeditiously adjust the reference points and management measures. POSITIVE IMPACTS: In concert, the proposed actions would provide a basic foundation for place-based reef fish and queen conch fisheries management in the U.S. Caribbean. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Available USVI landings data do not allow for effective management of snapper at unit level in USVI. Race for quota could still occur within the commercial and recreational sectors and could lead to overcapitalization. More restrictive catch levels would result in greater administrative burden due to more frequent incidents of overharvest necessitating increased frequency of management actions. Fishers harvesting from an area that is subsequently closed when its catch limit is met would experience adverse socioeconomic impacts. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100265, 468 pages on CD-ROM, July 15, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 1 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Islands KW - Recreation Resources Management KW - Regulations KW - Shellfish KW - Caribbean Sea KW - Puerto Rico KW - Virgin Islands KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873130835?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=AMENDMENT+2+TO+THE+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+FOR+THE+QUEEN+CONCH+FISHERY+AND+AMENDMENT+5+TO+THE+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+FOR+THE+REEF+FISH+FISHERY%2C+PUERTO+RICO+AND+THE+U.S.+VIRGIN+ISLANDS.&rft.title=AMENDMENT+2+TO+THE+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+FOR+THE+QUEEN+CONCH+FISHERY+AND+AMENDMENT+5+TO+THE+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+FOR+THE+REEF+FISH+FISHERY%2C+PUERTO+RICO+AND+THE+U.S.+VIRGIN+ISLANDS.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, St. Petersburg, Florida; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-31 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 15, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - AMENDMENT 2 TO THE FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR THE QUEEN CONCH FISHERY AND AMENDMENT 5 TO THE FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR THE REEF FISH FISHERY, PUERTO RICO AND THE U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS. AN - 754907956; 14500 AB - PURPOSE: The amendment of the fishery management plans (FMPs) for reef fish and queen conch in the U.S. Caribbean to bring those fisheries into compliance with the 2007 revisions to the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (MSA) is proposed. Caribbean queen conch, parrotfish, and several species within the Caribbean snapper and grouper families are currently classified as subject to overfishing. Six actions are included in the proposed amendment. Action 1 would amend the grouper and snapper stock complexes in the reef fish fishery management unit (FMU). Action 2 would revise management reference points to transition U.S. Caribbean reef fish and queen conch management from that established in the Comprehensive Sustainable Fisheries Amendment (SFA) of 2005 to that mandated by the MSA as amended through January 12, 2007. Action 3 would work in concert with Action 2 and would provide the specific details regarding the distribution and numerical value of annual catch limits (ACLs) for the various island groups, including Puerto Rico, St. Croix in the United States Virgin Islands (USVI), and the island group of St. Thomas and St. John in the USVI. Action 4 would implement management measures with specific emphasis on harvest prohibitions for three parrotfish species (midnight, blue, and rainbow) that serve an essential ecological function and which are relatively large and long-lived, and would impose recreational bag limits for reef fish. Action 5 would implement guidelines for triggering accountability measures (AMs) and for applying those AMs. Finally, Action 6 would establish framework provisions separately for reef fish and queen conch. Sub-actions included in Action 1 would address the grouper complex with regard to misty, yellowedge, and black grouper, and creole fish, and the snapper complex with regard to the cardinal snapper and wenchman species. For Actions 2 and 3, the preferred alternative would redefine management reference points or proxies for the snapper, grouper, and parrotfish complexes based on the longest time series of pre-Comprehensive SFA catch data that is considered to be reliable across all islands and define geographic boundaries between each island group. Division and management of ACLs by island group would be based on the preferred reference point time series using a equidistant method for dividing the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) among islands. Preferred alternatives for Action 4 would establish an overall aggregate bag limit that allows a fisher a total of 10 fish per day including not more than two parrotfish and a vessel limit of not more than 30 fish per day of which no more than six can be parrotfish. Fishing for or possessing midnight parrotfish, blue parrotfish, and rainbow parrotfish would be prohibited in the EEZ. For Action 5, preferred alternatives include three sub-alternatives that would provide for AMs to be triggered if the ACL is exceeded based on a single year of landings, the average of the two most recent years of landings, or an average of the three most recent years of landings. Alternatives for amending the framework procedures for the reef fish and queen conch FMPs would provide a mechanism to expeditiously adjust the reference points and management measures. POSITIVE IMPACTS: In concert, the proposed actions would provide a basic foundation for place-based reef fish and queen conch fisheries management in the U.S. Caribbean. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Available USVI landings data do not allow for effective management of snapper at unit level in USVI. Race for quota could still occur within the commercial and recreational sectors and could lead to overcapitalization. More restrictive catch levels would result in greater administrative burden due to more frequent incidents of overharvest necessitating increased frequency of management actions. Fishers harvesting from an area that is subsequently closed when its catch limit is met would experience adverse socioeconomic impacts. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100265, 468 pages on CD-ROM, July 15, 2010 PY - 2010 KW - Water KW - Conservation KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Islands KW - Recreation Resources Management KW - Regulations KW - Shellfish KW - Caribbean Sea KW - Puerto Rico KW - Virgin Islands KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754907956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-15&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=AMENDMENT+2+TO+THE+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+FOR+THE+QUEEN+CONCH+FISHERY+AND+AMENDMENT+5+TO+THE+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+FOR+THE+REEF+FISH+FISHERY%2C+PUERTO+RICO+AND+THE+U.S.+VIRGIN+ISLANDS.&rft.title=AMENDMENT+2+TO+THE+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+FOR+THE+QUEEN+CONCH+FISHERY+AND+AMENDMENT+5+TO+THE+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN+FOR+THE+REEF+FISH+FISHERY%2C+PUERTO+RICO+AND+THE+U.S.+VIRGIN+ISLANDS.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, St. Petersburg, Florida; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-31 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 15, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Combined Multizone and CFD Capabilities of CONTAM T2 - 14th Annual George Mason University Conference on Atmospheric Transport and Dispersion Modeling AN - 1312907458; 6002818 JF - 14th Annual George Mason University Conference on Atmospheric Transport and Dispersion Modeling AU - Persily, A AU - Dols, W AU - Wang, L Y1 - 2010/07/13/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 13 KW - Atmospheric sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312907458?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=14th+Annual+George+Mason+University+Conference+on+Atmospheric+Transport+and+Dispersion+Modeling&rft.atitle=Combined+Multizone+and+CFD+Capabilities+of+CONTAM&rft.au=Persily%2C+A%3BDols%2C+W%3BWang%2C+L&rft.aulast=Persily&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2010-07-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=14th+Annual+George+Mason+University+Conference+on+Atmospheric+Transport+and+Dispersion+Modeling&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://camp.cos.gmu.edu/Agenda-14th-GMU-Conference.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - An Assessment of the Quality of Input Data for a Real-Time Boundary Layer Analysis T2 - 14th Annual George Mason University Conference on Atmospheric Transport and Dispersion Modeling AN - 1312905199; 6002797 JF - 14th Annual George Mason University Conference on Atmospheric Transport and Dispersion Modeling AU - Tassone, C AU - Tsidulko, M AU - Zhu, Y AU - Whiting, J AU - Cucurull, L AU - Liu, S AU - McQueen, J AU - DiMego, G Y1 - 2010/07/13/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 13 KW - Boundary layers KW - Data processing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312905199?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=14th+Annual+George+Mason+University+Conference+on+Atmospheric+Transport+and+Dispersion+Modeling&rft.atitle=An+Assessment+of+the+Quality+of+Input+Data+for+a+Real-Time+Boundary+Layer+Analysis&rft.au=Tassone%2C+C%3BTsidulko%2C+M%3BZhu%2C+Y%3BWhiting%2C+J%3BCucurull%2C+L%3BLiu%2C+S%3BMcQueen%2C+J%3BDiMego%2C+G&rft.aulast=Tassone&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=2010-07-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=14th+Annual+George+Mason+University+Conference+on+Atmospheric+Transport+and+Dispersion+Modeling&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://camp.cos.gmu.edu/Agenda-14th-GMU-Conference.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Using observations of subsurface helicity to predict flare occurrence T2 - 2010 Symposium STP12 of the Scientific Committee on Solar-Terrestrial Physics (SCOSTEP 2010) AN - 1312906560; 6001495 JF - 2010 Symposium STP12 of the Scientific Committee on Solar-Terrestrial Physics (SCOSTEP 2010) AU - Reinard, Alysha AU - Henthorn, Justin AU - Komm, Rudi AU - Hill, Frank Y1 - 2010/07/12/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 12 KW - Atmospheric sciences KW - Physics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1312906560?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+Symposium+STP12+of+the+Scientific+Committee+on+Solar-Terrestrial+Physics+%28SCOSTEP+2010%29&rft.atitle=Using+observations+of+subsurface+helicity+to+predict+flare+occurrence&rft.au=Reinard%2C+Alysha%3BHenthorn%2C+Justin%3BKomm%2C+Rudi%3BHill%2C+Frank&rft.aulast=Reinard&rft.aufirst=Alysha&rft.date=2010-07-12&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+Symposium+STP12+of+the+Scientific+Committee+on+Solar-Terrestrial+Physics+%28SCOSTEP+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://www.iap-kborn.de/SCOSTEP2010/files/abstract-book-stp12.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-02-26 N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Observations of mass loss from the transiting exoplanet HD 209458b AN - 1371760673; 2013-048677 AB - Using the new Cosmic Origins Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope, we obtained moderate-resolution, high signal/noise ultraviolet spectra of HD 209458 and its exoplanet HD 209458b during transit, both orbital quadratures, and secondary eclipse. We compare transit spectra with spectra obtained at non-transit phases to identify spectral features due to the exoplanet's expanding atmosphere. We find that the mean flux decreased by 7.8%+ or -1.3% for the C II 1334.5323 Aa and 1335.6854 Aa lines and by 8.2%+ or -1.4% for the Si III 1206.500 Aa line during transit compared to non-transit times in the velocity interval -50 to +50 km s (super -1) . Comparison of the C II and Si III line depths and transit/non-transit line ratios shows deeper absorption features near -10 and +15 km s (super -1) and less certain features near -40 and +30-70 km s (super -1) , but future observations are needed to verify this first detection of velocity structure in the expanding atmosphere of an exoplanet. Our results for the C II lines and the non-detection of Si IV 1394.76 Aa absorption are in agreement with Vidal-Madjar et al., but we find absorption during transit in the Si III line contrary to the earlier result. The 8%+ or -1% obscuration of the star during transit is far larger than the 1.5% obscuration by the exoplanet's disk. Absorption during transit at velocities between -50 and +50 km s (super -1) in the C II and Si III lines requires high-velocity ion absorbers. Assuming hydrodynamic model values for the gas temperature and outflow velocity at the limb of the outflow as seen in the C II lines, we find mass-loss rates in the range (8-40)X10 (super 10) g s (super -1) . These rates assume that the carbon abundance is solar, which is not the case for the giant planets in the solar system. Our mass-loss rate estimate is consistent with theoretical hydrodynamic models that include metals in the outflowing gas. Copyright (Copyright) 2010. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. JF - The = Astrophysical Journal AU - Linsky, Jeffrey L AU - Yang, Hao AU - France, Kevin AU - Froning, Cynthia S AU - Green, James C AU - Stocke, John T AU - Osterman, Steven N Y1 - 2010/07/10/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 10 SP - 1291 EP - 1299 PB - University of Chicago Press for the American Astronomical Society, Chicago, IL VL - 717 IS - 2 SN - 0004-637X, 0004-637X KW - solar system KW - extrasolar planets KW - HD 209458b Planet KW - atmosphere KW - rates KW - silicon KW - temperature KW - gases KW - models KW - mass KW - planets KW - carbon KW - Sun KW - Hubble Space Telescope KW - velocity KW - ultraviolet spectra KW - theoretical models KW - hydrodynamics KW - spectra KW - 04:Extraterrestrial geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1371760673?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+%3D+Astrophysical+Journal&rft.atitle=Observations+of+mass+loss+from+the+transiting+exoplanet+HD+209458b&rft.au=Linsky%2C+Jeffrey+L%3BYang%2C+Hao%3BFrance%2C+Kevin%3BFroning%2C+Cynthia+S%3BGreen%2C+James+C%3BStocke%2C+John+T%3BOsterman%2C+Steven+N&rft.aulast=Linsky&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2010-07-10&rft.volume=717&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+%3D+Astrophysical+Journal&rft.issn=0004637X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F717%2F2%2F1291 L2 - http://iopscience.iop.org/0004-637X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by IOP Publishing Ltd., London, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained from the Data Archive at the Space Telescope Science Institute; STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555; these observations are associated with the HST GTO program 11534 N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; carbon; extrasolar planets; gases; HD 209458b Planet; Hubble Space Telescope; hydrodynamics; mass; models; planets; rates; silicon; solar system; spectra; Sun; temperature; theoretical models; ultraviolet spectra; velocity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/717/2/1291 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geologic controls on the recent evolution of oyster reefs in Apalachicola Bay and St. George Sound, Florida AN - 1151915882; 2012-099944 AB - Apalachicola Bay and St. George Sound contain the largest oyster fishery in Florida, and the growth and distribution of the numerous oyster reefs here are the combined product of modern estuarine conditions in the bay and its late Holocene evolution. Sidescan-sonar imagery, bathymetry, high-resolution seismic profiles, and sediment cores show that oyster beds occupy the crests of a series of shoals that range from 1 to 7 km in length, trend roughly north-south perpendicular to the long axes of the bay and sound, and are asymmetrical with steeper sides facing to the west. Surface sediment samples show that the oyster beds consist of shelly sand, while much of the remainder of the bay floor is covered by mud delivered by the Apalachicola River. The present oyster reefs rest on sandy delta systems that advanced southward across the region between 6400 and 4400 yr BP when sea level was 4-6 m lower than present. Oysters started to colonize the region around 5100 yr BP and became extensive by 1200 and 2400 yr BP. Since 1200 yr BP, their aerial extent has decreased due to burial of the edges of the reefs by the prodelta mud that continues to be supplied by the Apalachicola River. Oyster reefs that are still active are narrower than the original beds, have grown vertically, and become asymmetrical in cross-section. Their internal bedding indicates they have migrated westward, suggesting a net westerly transport of sediment in the bay. Abstract Copyright (2010) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science AU - Twichell, D AU - Edmiston, L AU - Andrews, B AU - Stevenson, W AU - Donoghue, J AU - Poore, R AU - Osterman, L Y1 - 2010/07/10/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 10 SP - 385 EP - 394 PB - Elsevier, London VL - 88 IS - 3 SN - 0272-7714, 0272-7714 KW - United States KW - seismic stratigraphy KW - seismic profiles KW - Quaternary KW - geophysical surveys KW - Franklin County Florida KW - Saint George Sound KW - reefs KW - geophysical methods KW - Holocene KW - Florida KW - cores KW - Appalachicola Bay KW - seismic methods KW - Cenozoic KW - vertical seismic profiles KW - sediments KW - surveys KW - Pleistocene KW - geophysical profiles KW - ocean floors KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1151915882?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuarine%2C+Coastal+and+Shelf+Science&rft.atitle=Geologic+controls+on+the+recent+evolution+of+oyster+reefs+in+Apalachicola+Bay+and+St.+George+Sound%2C+Florida&rft.au=Twichell%2C+D%3BEdmiston%2C+L%3BAndrews%2C+B%3BStevenson%2C+W%3BDonoghue%2C+J%3BPoore%2C+R%3BOsterman%2C+L&rft.aulast=Twichell&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2010-07-10&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=385&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuarine%2C+Coastal+and+Shelf+Science&rft.issn=02727714&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ecss.2010.04.019 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02727714 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-11-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Appalachicola Bay; Cenozoic; cores; Florida; Franklin County Florida; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; Holocene; ocean floors; Pleistocene; Quaternary; reefs; Saint George Sound; sediments; seismic methods; seismic profiles; seismic stratigraphy; surveys; United States; vertical seismic profiles DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2010.04.019 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of land-use change and hard structures on the evolution of fringing marsh shorelines AN - 1151915873; 2012-099943 AB - Estuarine fringe marshes provide essential ecosystem services to coastal regions, including carbon sequestration and provision of shelter and nursery grounds for aquatic and terrestrial animals. The ability of a marsh to sustain itself by vertical accretion in response to sea-level rise is, in part, limited by inorganic sediment supply. Models attempting to forecast salt-marsh response to future sea-level rise commonly ignore land-use changes, despite the recent coastal population boom and the potential of land-use changes to alter sediment sources and modify established sediment-transport pathways. This study investigates the impacts of landscape modifications, which are typical of coastal areas, on the nearshore sedimentation and edge evolution of two fringing marshes. The sites examined include a marsh fringing the upper bay and a marsh fringing a beach ridge on the estuarine shoreline of a barrier island. Both sites are located in the same estuarine system, have similar hydrologic settings and comparable vegetation densities. Previous work, marsh cores, and a historical record from aerial photos indicate that although the fringe marshes are in different geomorphic locations, prior to anthropogenic modifications they were similar in terms of nearshore-sediment composition, scarp-shoreline morphology, and shoreline trajectory. The upper-bay marsh was impacted by the introduction of tree farming in the watershed of a tributary creek to the upper bay, which increased upland erosion and caused higher sedimentation rates in the estuary. The back-barrier marsh, which received no contribution from the tree farm because it is distal with respect to river input, was modified by the installation of a pier and rock sill. Terrestrial LIDAR, surface elevation tables, and accretion rates obtained from radioisotope analyses show that the deforestation induced high rates of nearshore and marsh accretion at the upper-bay site, which is promoting marsh colonization and expansion. These same types of data, in addition to aerial photos, were obtained at the back-barrier site and show increased rates of marsh-shoreline erosion adjacent to the structures. The fringing marshes were once similar, but started to evolve differently over a short time period as a result of human-induced changes to the landscape. Coastal development can significantly influence marsh-shoreline behavior, which must be taken into account when developing models of coastal response to sea-level rise. Abstract Copyright (2010) Elsevier, B.V. JF - Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science AU - Mattheus, Christopher R AU - Rodriguez, Antonio B AU - McKee, Brent A AU - Currin, Carolyn A Y1 - 2010/07/10/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 10 SP - 365 EP - 376 PB - Elsevier, London VL - 88 IS - 3 SN - 0272-7714, 0272-7714 KW - United States KW - lithostratigraphy KW - isotopes KW - erosion KW - sediment supply KW - lead KW - Carteret County North Carolina KW - cores KW - radioactive isotopes KW - sedimentation rates KW - sediments KW - estuarine environment KW - littoral erosion KW - marshes KW - landform evolution KW - sedimentation KW - shorelines KW - sea-level changes KW - mires KW - salt marshes KW - metals KW - North Carolina KW - aerial photography KW - geomorphology KW - remote sensing KW - Pb-210 KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1151915873?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuarine%2C+Coastal+and+Shelf+Science&rft.atitle=Impact+of+land-use+change+and+hard+structures+on+the+evolution+of+fringing+marsh+shorelines&rft.au=Mattheus%2C+Christopher+R%3BRodriguez%2C+Antonio+B%3BMcKee%2C+Brent+A%3BCurrin%2C+Carolyn+A&rft.aulast=Mattheus&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2010-07-10&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=365&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuarine%2C+Coastal+and+Shelf+Science&rft.issn=02727714&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ecss.2010.04.016 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02727714 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-11-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerial photography; Carteret County North Carolina; cores; erosion; estuarine environment; geomorphology; isotopes; landform evolution; lead; lithostratigraphy; littoral erosion; marshes; metals; mires; North Carolina; Pb-210; radioactive isotopes; remote sensing; salt marshes; sea-level changes; sediment supply; sedimentation; sedimentation rates; sediments; shorelines; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2010.04.016 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Improving Conectivty for Snake River Stream-Type Chinook Salmon Migrating from Rearing Habitats, through the Highly Altered Snake and Columbia River Mainstem, to the Pacific Ocean, and Return T2 - 9th International Congress on the Biology of Fish AN - 866048704; 5977737 JF - 9th International Congress on the Biology of Fish AU - Muir, William AU - Williams, J Y1 - 2010/07/05/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 05 KW - USA, Columbia Estuary KW - USA, Snake R. KW - Pacific KW - snakes KW - Habitat KW - Streams KW - Oceans KW - salmon KW - Rivers KW - Fish culture KW - Anadromous species KW - Marine aquaculture KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/866048704?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=9th+International+Congress+on+the+Biology+of+Fish&rft.atitle=Improving+Conectivty+for+Snake+River+Stream-Type+Chinook+Salmon+Migrating+from+Rearing+Habitats%2C+through+the+Highly+Altered+Snake+and+Columbia+River+Mainstem%2C+to+the+Pacific+Ocean%2C+and+Return&rft.au=Muir%2C+William%3BWilliams%2C+J&rft.aulast=Muir&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2010-07-05&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=9th+International+Congress+on+the+Biology+of+Fish&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www-heb.pac.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/congress/2010/2010%20Fish%20Biology%20Abstracts.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-09 N1 - Last updated - 2012-09-05 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Mechanisms of Olfactory Imprinting and Homing in Pacific Salmon T2 - 9th International Congress on the Biology of Fish AN - 866046260; 5977486 JF - 9th International Congress on the Biology of Fish AU - Dittman, Andrew AU - May, D AU - Havey, M Y1 - 2010/07/05/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 05 KW - Pacific KW - salmon KW - Homing behavior KW - Imprinting KW - Olfaction KW - Anadromous species KW - Salmonidae UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/866046260?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=9th+International+Congress+on+the+Biology+of+Fish&rft.atitle=Mechanisms+of+Olfactory+Imprinting+and+Homing+in+Pacific+Salmon&rft.au=Dittman%2C+Andrew%3BMay%2C+D%3BHavey%2C+M&rft.aulast=Dittman&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2010-07-05&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=9th+International+Congress+on+the+Biology+of+Fish&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www-heb.pac.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/congress/2010/2010%20Fish%20Biology%20Abstracts.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-09 N1 - Last updated - 2012-09-05 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - INTERSTATE 5 NORTH COAST CORRIDOR PROJECT, SAN DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. [Part 6 of 7] T2 - INTERSTATE 5 NORTH COAST CORRIDOR PROJECT, SAN DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. AN - 816526993; 14441-100249_0006 AB - PURPOSE: Improvements to Interstate 5 (I-5) from La Jolla Village Drive in the City of San Diego to Harbor Boulevard in the City of Oceanside, California are proposed. Located in San Diego Countys north coastal area, the I-5 North Coast Corridors 27 miles of highway connects the cities of Oceanside, Carlsbad, Encinitas, Solana Beach, Del Mar and San Diego. As a gateway to San Diego County, the I-5 North Coast Corridor is one of the most traveled highways in the nation. It carries locals and visitors to attractions such as its six lagoons, world-renowned beaches, Legoland and Del Mar Fairgrounds, employment centers, and communities. For most of the project area, there have been minimal improvements to the existing interstate facility since the original construction during the 1960's and 1970's and the corridor currently experiences periodic traffic congestion during weekday peak hours. The proposed improvements would include one or two high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) managed lanes in each direction, auxiliary lanes where needed, and possibly one general purpose lane in each direction. The HOV/managed lanes would be available for carpools, vanpools, busses at no cost and be available to single-occupant vehicles for a fee when there is sufficient capacity. Four build alternatives and a No Build Alternative are assessed in this draft EIS. The 10+4 with Barrier Alternative would separate HOV/managed lanes from general-purpose lanes with a concrete barrier using standard 10-foot shoulder widths. There would be would a buffer separating HOV/managed lanes from general-purpose lanes with a four-foot and variable buffer width in lieu of the barrier from Voigt Drive to Del Mar Heights Road and from SR-78 to Harbor Drive /Vandegrift Boulevard. A total of four HOV/managed lanes would be built from north of the freeway-to-freeway connector in San Diego to Harbor Drive/Vandegrift in Oceanside. There would be two HOV/managed lanes from Voigt Drive in San Diego to the freeway-to-freeway connector. New freeway access at Voigt Drive, Manchester Avenue, Cannon Road and Oceanside Boulevard would be constructed. In addition, one general-purpose lane would be constructed in each direction on I-5 from south of Del Mar Heights Road in San Diego to SR-78 in Oceanside. There would be auxiliary lanes constructed at various locations within the project area and operational improvements. The 10+4 with Buffer Alternative would function similarly, but would use a buffer to separate HOV/managed lanes from general-purpose lanes with a width of four feet in some locations instead of the barrier. The 8+4 with Barrier and the 8+4 with Buffer alternatives would be similar, but would not include the additional general-purpose lanes. Cost estimates for the build alternatives range from $3.3 billion to $4.3 billion. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would maintain or improve future traffic levels of service, provide a facility that is compatible with future bus rapid transit and other modal options, provide consistency with the regional transportation plan, and maintain I-5 as an effective link in the national strategic highway network. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would impact 24 to 27 acres of farmland and 23 to 29 acres of federal wetlands, impact two archaeological sites, and require relocations of 50 to 112 residences and 10 to 13 businesses. The 10+4 with Barrier Alternative would displace a 47-unit apartment complex in northern Carlsbad within an area identified as having a high concentration of Spanish-speaking households as well as a high proportion of minority populations. All four build alternatives would result in highly adverse changes to the existing visual environment along the project corridor, making it noticeably more urban. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.), and Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 4601). JF - EPA number: 100249, 585 oversize pages and maps, July 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 6 KW - Roads and Railroads KW - Environmental Justice KW - Highway Structures KW - Highways KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Traffic Control KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources KW - Wetlands KW - California KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/816526993?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=INTERSTATE+5+NORTH+COAST+CORRIDOR+PROJECT%2C+SAN+DIEGO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=INTERSTATE+5+NORTH+COAST+CORRIDOR+PROJECT%2C+SAN+DIEGO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Sacramento, California; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-20 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - INTERSTATE 5 NORTH COAST CORRIDOR PROJECT, SAN DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. [Part 1 of 7] T2 - INTERSTATE 5 NORTH COAST CORRIDOR PROJECT, SAN DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. AN - 816526988; 14441-100249_0001 AB - PURPOSE: Improvements to Interstate 5 (I-5) from La Jolla Village Drive in the City of San Diego to Harbor Boulevard in the City of Oceanside, California are proposed. Located in San Diego Countys north coastal area, the I-5 North Coast Corridors 27 miles of highway connects the cities of Oceanside, Carlsbad, Encinitas, Solana Beach, Del Mar and San Diego. As a gateway to San Diego County, the I-5 North Coast Corridor is one of the most traveled highways in the nation. It carries locals and visitors to attractions such as its six lagoons, world-renowned beaches, Legoland and Del Mar Fairgrounds, employment centers, and communities. For most of the project area, there have been minimal improvements to the existing interstate facility since the original construction during the 1960's and 1970's and the corridor currently experiences periodic traffic congestion during weekday peak hours. The proposed improvements would include one or two high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) managed lanes in each direction, auxiliary lanes where needed, and possibly one general purpose lane in each direction. The HOV/managed lanes would be available for carpools, vanpools, busses at no cost and be available to single-occupant vehicles for a fee when there is sufficient capacity. Four build alternatives and a No Build Alternative are assessed in this draft EIS. The 10+4 with Barrier Alternative would separate HOV/managed lanes from general-purpose lanes with a concrete barrier using standard 10-foot shoulder widths. There would be would a buffer separating HOV/managed lanes from general-purpose lanes with a four-foot and variable buffer width in lieu of the barrier from Voigt Drive to Del Mar Heights Road and from SR-78 to Harbor Drive /Vandegrift Boulevard. A total of four HOV/managed lanes would be built from north of the freeway-to-freeway connector in San Diego to Harbor Drive/Vandegrift in Oceanside. There would be two HOV/managed lanes from Voigt Drive in San Diego to the freeway-to-freeway connector. New freeway access at Voigt Drive, Manchester Avenue, Cannon Road and Oceanside Boulevard would be constructed. In addition, one general-purpose lane would be constructed in each direction on I-5 from south of Del Mar Heights Road in San Diego to SR-78 in Oceanside. There would be auxiliary lanes constructed at various locations within the project area and operational improvements. The 10+4 with Buffer Alternative would function similarly, but would use a buffer to separate HOV/managed lanes from general-purpose lanes with a width of four feet in some locations instead of the barrier. The 8+4 with Barrier and the 8+4 with Buffer alternatives would be similar, but would not include the additional general-purpose lanes. Cost estimates for the build alternatives range from $3.3 billion to $4.3 billion. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would maintain or improve future traffic levels of service, provide a facility that is compatible with future bus rapid transit and other modal options, provide consistency with the regional transportation plan, and maintain I-5 as an effective link in the national strategic highway network. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would impact 24 to 27 acres of farmland and 23 to 29 acres of federal wetlands, impact two archaeological sites, and require relocations of 50 to 112 residences and 10 to 13 businesses. The 10+4 with Barrier Alternative would displace a 47-unit apartment complex in northern Carlsbad within an area identified as having a high concentration of Spanish-speaking households as well as a high proportion of minority populations. All four build alternatives would result in highly adverse changes to the existing visual environment along the project corridor, making it noticeably more urban. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.), and Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 4601). JF - EPA number: 100249, 585 oversize pages and maps, July 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 1 KW - Roads and Railroads KW - Environmental Justice KW - Highway Structures KW - Highways KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Traffic Control KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources KW - Wetlands KW - California KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/816526988?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=INTERSTATE+5+NORTH+COAST+CORRIDOR+PROJECT%2C+SAN+DIEGO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=INTERSTATE+5+NORTH+COAST+CORRIDOR+PROJECT%2C+SAN+DIEGO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Sacramento, California; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-20 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - INTERSTATE 5 NORTH COAST CORRIDOR PROJECT, SAN DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. [Part 7 of 7] T2 - INTERSTATE 5 NORTH COAST CORRIDOR PROJECT, SAN DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. AN - 816526967; 14441-100249_0007 AB - PURPOSE: Improvements to Interstate 5 (I-5) from La Jolla Village Drive in the City of San Diego to Harbor Boulevard in the City of Oceanside, California are proposed. Located in San Diego Countys north coastal area, the I-5 North Coast Corridors 27 miles of highway connects the cities of Oceanside, Carlsbad, Encinitas, Solana Beach, Del Mar and San Diego. As a gateway to San Diego County, the I-5 North Coast Corridor is one of the most traveled highways in the nation. It carries locals and visitors to attractions such as its six lagoons, world-renowned beaches, Legoland and Del Mar Fairgrounds, employment centers, and communities. For most of the project area, there have been minimal improvements to the existing interstate facility since the original construction during the 1960's and 1970's and the corridor currently experiences periodic traffic congestion during weekday peak hours. The proposed improvements would include one or two high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) managed lanes in each direction, auxiliary lanes where needed, and possibly one general purpose lane in each direction. The HOV/managed lanes would be available for carpools, vanpools, busses at no cost and be available to single-occupant vehicles for a fee when there is sufficient capacity. Four build alternatives and a No Build Alternative are assessed in this draft EIS. The 10+4 with Barrier Alternative would separate HOV/managed lanes from general-purpose lanes with a concrete barrier using standard 10-foot shoulder widths. There would be would a buffer separating HOV/managed lanes from general-purpose lanes with a four-foot and variable buffer width in lieu of the barrier from Voigt Drive to Del Mar Heights Road and from SR-78 to Harbor Drive /Vandegrift Boulevard. A total of four HOV/managed lanes would be built from north of the freeway-to-freeway connector in San Diego to Harbor Drive/Vandegrift in Oceanside. There would be two HOV/managed lanes from Voigt Drive in San Diego to the freeway-to-freeway connector. New freeway access at Voigt Drive, Manchester Avenue, Cannon Road and Oceanside Boulevard would be constructed. In addition, one general-purpose lane would be constructed in each direction on I-5 from south of Del Mar Heights Road in San Diego to SR-78 in Oceanside. There would be auxiliary lanes constructed at various locations within the project area and operational improvements. The 10+4 with Buffer Alternative would function similarly, but would use a buffer to separate HOV/managed lanes from general-purpose lanes with a width of four feet in some locations instead of the barrier. The 8+4 with Barrier and the 8+4 with Buffer alternatives would be similar, but would not include the additional general-purpose lanes. Cost estimates for the build alternatives range from $3.3 billion to $4.3 billion. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would maintain or improve future traffic levels of service, provide a facility that is compatible with future bus rapid transit and other modal options, provide consistency with the regional transportation plan, and maintain I-5 as an effective link in the national strategic highway network. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would impact 24 to 27 acres of farmland and 23 to 29 acres of federal wetlands, impact two archaeological sites, and require relocations of 50 to 112 residences and 10 to 13 businesses. The 10+4 with Barrier Alternative would displace a 47-unit apartment complex in northern Carlsbad within an area identified as having a high concentration of Spanish-speaking households as well as a high proportion of minority populations. All four build alternatives would result in highly adverse changes to the existing visual environment along the project corridor, making it noticeably more urban. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.), and Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 4601). JF - EPA number: 100249, 585 oversize pages and maps, July 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 7 KW - Roads and Railroads KW - Environmental Justice KW - Highway Structures KW - Highways KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Traffic Control KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources KW - Wetlands KW - California KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/816526967?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=INTERSTATE+5+NORTH+COAST+CORRIDOR+PROJECT%2C+SAN+DIEGO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=INTERSTATE+5+NORTH+COAST+CORRIDOR+PROJECT%2C+SAN+DIEGO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Sacramento, California; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-20 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - INTERSTATE 5 NORTH COAST CORRIDOR PROJECT, SAN DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. [Part 4 of 7] T2 - INTERSTATE 5 NORTH COAST CORRIDOR PROJECT, SAN DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. AN - 816526961; 14441-100249_0004 AB - PURPOSE: Improvements to Interstate 5 (I-5) from La Jolla Village Drive in the City of San Diego to Harbor Boulevard in the City of Oceanside, California are proposed. Located in San Diego Countys north coastal area, the I-5 North Coast Corridors 27 miles of highway connects the cities of Oceanside, Carlsbad, Encinitas, Solana Beach, Del Mar and San Diego. As a gateway to San Diego County, the I-5 North Coast Corridor is one of the most traveled highways in the nation. It carries locals and visitors to attractions such as its six lagoons, world-renowned beaches, Legoland and Del Mar Fairgrounds, employment centers, and communities. For most of the project area, there have been minimal improvements to the existing interstate facility since the original construction during the 1960's and 1970's and the corridor currently experiences periodic traffic congestion during weekday peak hours. The proposed improvements would include one or two high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) managed lanes in each direction, auxiliary lanes where needed, and possibly one general purpose lane in each direction. The HOV/managed lanes would be available for carpools, vanpools, busses at no cost and be available to single-occupant vehicles for a fee when there is sufficient capacity. Four build alternatives and a No Build Alternative are assessed in this draft EIS. The 10+4 with Barrier Alternative would separate HOV/managed lanes from general-purpose lanes with a concrete barrier using standard 10-foot shoulder widths. There would be would a buffer separating HOV/managed lanes from general-purpose lanes with a four-foot and variable buffer width in lieu of the barrier from Voigt Drive to Del Mar Heights Road and from SR-78 to Harbor Drive /Vandegrift Boulevard. A total of four HOV/managed lanes would be built from north of the freeway-to-freeway connector in San Diego to Harbor Drive/Vandegrift in Oceanside. There would be two HOV/managed lanes from Voigt Drive in San Diego to the freeway-to-freeway connector. New freeway access at Voigt Drive, Manchester Avenue, Cannon Road and Oceanside Boulevard would be constructed. In addition, one general-purpose lane would be constructed in each direction on I-5 from south of Del Mar Heights Road in San Diego to SR-78 in Oceanside. There would be auxiliary lanes constructed at various locations within the project area and operational improvements. The 10+4 with Buffer Alternative would function similarly, but would use a buffer to separate HOV/managed lanes from general-purpose lanes with a width of four feet in some locations instead of the barrier. The 8+4 with Barrier and the 8+4 with Buffer alternatives would be similar, but would not include the additional general-purpose lanes. Cost estimates for the build alternatives range from $3.3 billion to $4.3 billion. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would maintain or improve future traffic levels of service, provide a facility that is compatible with future bus rapid transit and other modal options, provide consistency with the regional transportation plan, and maintain I-5 as an effective link in the national strategic highway network. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would impact 24 to 27 acres of farmland and 23 to 29 acres of federal wetlands, impact two archaeological sites, and require relocations of 50 to 112 residences and 10 to 13 businesses. The 10+4 with Barrier Alternative would displace a 47-unit apartment complex in northern Carlsbad within an area identified as having a high concentration of Spanish-speaking households as well as a high proportion of minority populations. All four build alternatives would result in highly adverse changes to the existing visual environment along the project corridor, making it noticeably more urban. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.), and Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 4601). JF - EPA number: 100249, 585 oversize pages and maps, July 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 4 KW - Roads and Railroads KW - Environmental Justice KW - Highway Structures KW - Highways KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Traffic Control KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources KW - Wetlands KW - California KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/816526961?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=INTERSTATE+5+NORTH+COAST+CORRIDOR+PROJECT%2C+SAN+DIEGO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=INTERSTATE+5+NORTH+COAST+CORRIDOR+PROJECT%2C+SAN+DIEGO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Sacramento, California; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-20 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - INTERSTATE 5 NORTH COAST CORRIDOR PROJECT, SAN DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. [Part 3 of 7] T2 - INTERSTATE 5 NORTH COAST CORRIDOR PROJECT, SAN DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. AN - 816526954; 14441-100249_0003 AB - PURPOSE: Improvements to Interstate 5 (I-5) from La Jolla Village Drive in the City of San Diego to Harbor Boulevard in the City of Oceanside, California are proposed. Located in San Diego Countys north coastal area, the I-5 North Coast Corridors 27 miles of highway connects the cities of Oceanside, Carlsbad, Encinitas, Solana Beach, Del Mar and San Diego. As a gateway to San Diego County, the I-5 North Coast Corridor is one of the most traveled highways in the nation. It carries locals and visitors to attractions such as its six lagoons, world-renowned beaches, Legoland and Del Mar Fairgrounds, employment centers, and communities. For most of the project area, there have been minimal improvements to the existing interstate facility since the original construction during the 1960's and 1970's and the corridor currently experiences periodic traffic congestion during weekday peak hours. The proposed improvements would include one or two high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) managed lanes in each direction, auxiliary lanes where needed, and possibly one general purpose lane in each direction. The HOV/managed lanes would be available for carpools, vanpools, busses at no cost and be available to single-occupant vehicles for a fee when there is sufficient capacity. Four build alternatives and a No Build Alternative are assessed in this draft EIS. The 10+4 with Barrier Alternative would separate HOV/managed lanes from general-purpose lanes with a concrete barrier using standard 10-foot shoulder widths. There would be would a buffer separating HOV/managed lanes from general-purpose lanes with a four-foot and variable buffer width in lieu of the barrier from Voigt Drive to Del Mar Heights Road and from SR-78 to Harbor Drive /Vandegrift Boulevard. A total of four HOV/managed lanes would be built from north of the freeway-to-freeway connector in San Diego to Harbor Drive/Vandegrift in Oceanside. There would be two HOV/managed lanes from Voigt Drive in San Diego to the freeway-to-freeway connector. New freeway access at Voigt Drive, Manchester Avenue, Cannon Road and Oceanside Boulevard would be constructed. In addition, one general-purpose lane would be constructed in each direction on I-5 from south of Del Mar Heights Road in San Diego to SR-78 in Oceanside. There would be auxiliary lanes constructed at various locations within the project area and operational improvements. The 10+4 with Buffer Alternative would function similarly, but would use a buffer to separate HOV/managed lanes from general-purpose lanes with a width of four feet in some locations instead of the barrier. The 8+4 with Barrier and the 8+4 with Buffer alternatives would be similar, but would not include the additional general-purpose lanes. Cost estimates for the build alternatives range from $3.3 billion to $4.3 billion. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would maintain or improve future traffic levels of service, provide a facility that is compatible with future bus rapid transit and other modal options, provide consistency with the regional transportation plan, and maintain I-5 as an effective link in the national strategic highway network. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would impact 24 to 27 acres of farmland and 23 to 29 acres of federal wetlands, impact two archaeological sites, and require relocations of 50 to 112 residences and 10 to 13 businesses. The 10+4 with Barrier Alternative would displace a 47-unit apartment complex in northern Carlsbad within an area identified as having a high concentration of Spanish-speaking households as well as a high proportion of minority populations. All four build alternatives would result in highly adverse changes to the existing visual environment along the project corridor, making it noticeably more urban. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.), and Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 4601). JF - EPA number: 100249, 585 oversize pages and maps, July 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 3 KW - Roads and Railroads KW - Environmental Justice KW - Highway Structures KW - Highways KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Traffic Control KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources KW - Wetlands KW - California KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/816526954?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=INTERSTATE+5+NORTH+COAST+CORRIDOR+PROJECT%2C+SAN+DIEGO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=INTERSTATE+5+NORTH+COAST+CORRIDOR+PROJECT%2C+SAN+DIEGO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Sacramento, California; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-20 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - INTERSTATE 5 NORTH COAST CORRIDOR PROJECT, SAN DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. [Part 5 of 7] T2 - INTERSTATE 5 NORTH COAST CORRIDOR PROJECT, SAN DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. AN - 816526893; 14441-100249_0005 AB - PURPOSE: Improvements to Interstate 5 (I-5) from La Jolla Village Drive in the City of San Diego to Harbor Boulevard in the City of Oceanside, California are proposed. Located in San Diego Countys north coastal area, the I-5 North Coast Corridors 27 miles of highway connects the cities of Oceanside, Carlsbad, Encinitas, Solana Beach, Del Mar and San Diego. As a gateway to San Diego County, the I-5 North Coast Corridor is one of the most traveled highways in the nation. It carries locals and visitors to attractions such as its six lagoons, world-renowned beaches, Legoland and Del Mar Fairgrounds, employment centers, and communities. For most of the project area, there have been minimal improvements to the existing interstate facility since the original construction during the 1960's and 1970's and the corridor currently experiences periodic traffic congestion during weekday peak hours. The proposed improvements would include one or two high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) managed lanes in each direction, auxiliary lanes where needed, and possibly one general purpose lane in each direction. The HOV/managed lanes would be available for carpools, vanpools, busses at no cost and be available to single-occupant vehicles for a fee when there is sufficient capacity. Four build alternatives and a No Build Alternative are assessed in this draft EIS. The 10+4 with Barrier Alternative would separate HOV/managed lanes from general-purpose lanes with a concrete barrier using standard 10-foot shoulder widths. There would be would a buffer separating HOV/managed lanes from general-purpose lanes with a four-foot and variable buffer width in lieu of the barrier from Voigt Drive to Del Mar Heights Road and from SR-78 to Harbor Drive /Vandegrift Boulevard. A total of four HOV/managed lanes would be built from north of the freeway-to-freeway connector in San Diego to Harbor Drive/Vandegrift in Oceanside. There would be two HOV/managed lanes from Voigt Drive in San Diego to the freeway-to-freeway connector. New freeway access at Voigt Drive, Manchester Avenue, Cannon Road and Oceanside Boulevard would be constructed. In addition, one general-purpose lane would be constructed in each direction on I-5 from south of Del Mar Heights Road in San Diego to SR-78 in Oceanside. There would be auxiliary lanes constructed at various locations within the project area and operational improvements. The 10+4 with Buffer Alternative would function similarly, but would use a buffer to separate HOV/managed lanes from general-purpose lanes with a width of four feet in some locations instead of the barrier. The 8+4 with Barrier and the 8+4 with Buffer alternatives would be similar, but would not include the additional general-purpose lanes. Cost estimates for the build alternatives range from $3.3 billion to $4.3 billion. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would maintain or improve future traffic levels of service, provide a facility that is compatible with future bus rapid transit and other modal options, provide consistency with the regional transportation plan, and maintain I-5 as an effective link in the national strategic highway network. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would impact 24 to 27 acres of farmland and 23 to 29 acres of federal wetlands, impact two archaeological sites, and require relocations of 50 to 112 residences and 10 to 13 businesses. The 10+4 with Barrier Alternative would displace a 47-unit apartment complex in northern Carlsbad within an area identified as having a high concentration of Spanish-speaking households as well as a high proportion of minority populations. All four build alternatives would result in highly adverse changes to the existing visual environment along the project corridor, making it noticeably more urban. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.), and Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 4601). JF - EPA number: 100249, 585 oversize pages and maps, July 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 5 KW - Roads and Railroads KW - Environmental Justice KW - Highway Structures KW - Highways KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Traffic Control KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources KW - Wetlands KW - California KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/816526893?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=INTERSTATE+5+NORTH+COAST+CORRIDOR+PROJECT%2C+SAN+DIEGO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=INTERSTATE+5+NORTH+COAST+CORRIDOR+PROJECT%2C+SAN+DIEGO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Sacramento, California; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-20 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - INTERSTATE 5 NORTH COAST CORRIDOR PROJECT, SAN DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. [Part 2 of 7] T2 - INTERSTATE 5 NORTH COAST CORRIDOR PROJECT, SAN DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. AN - 816526887; 14441-100249_0002 AB - PURPOSE: Improvements to Interstate 5 (I-5) from La Jolla Village Drive in the City of San Diego to Harbor Boulevard in the City of Oceanside, California are proposed. Located in San Diego Countys north coastal area, the I-5 North Coast Corridors 27 miles of highway connects the cities of Oceanside, Carlsbad, Encinitas, Solana Beach, Del Mar and San Diego. As a gateway to San Diego County, the I-5 North Coast Corridor is one of the most traveled highways in the nation. It carries locals and visitors to attractions such as its six lagoons, world-renowned beaches, Legoland and Del Mar Fairgrounds, employment centers, and communities. For most of the project area, there have been minimal improvements to the existing interstate facility since the original construction during the 1960's and 1970's and the corridor currently experiences periodic traffic congestion during weekday peak hours. The proposed improvements would include one or two high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) managed lanes in each direction, auxiliary lanes where needed, and possibly one general purpose lane in each direction. The HOV/managed lanes would be available for carpools, vanpools, busses at no cost and be available to single-occupant vehicles for a fee when there is sufficient capacity. Four build alternatives and a No Build Alternative are assessed in this draft EIS. The 10+4 with Barrier Alternative would separate HOV/managed lanes from general-purpose lanes with a concrete barrier using standard 10-foot shoulder widths. There would be would a buffer separating HOV/managed lanes from general-purpose lanes with a four-foot and variable buffer width in lieu of the barrier from Voigt Drive to Del Mar Heights Road and from SR-78 to Harbor Drive /Vandegrift Boulevard. A total of four HOV/managed lanes would be built from north of the freeway-to-freeway connector in San Diego to Harbor Drive/Vandegrift in Oceanside. There would be two HOV/managed lanes from Voigt Drive in San Diego to the freeway-to-freeway connector. New freeway access at Voigt Drive, Manchester Avenue, Cannon Road and Oceanside Boulevard would be constructed. In addition, one general-purpose lane would be constructed in each direction on I-5 from south of Del Mar Heights Road in San Diego to SR-78 in Oceanside. There would be auxiliary lanes constructed at various locations within the project area and operational improvements. The 10+4 with Buffer Alternative would function similarly, but would use a buffer to separate HOV/managed lanes from general-purpose lanes with a width of four feet in some locations instead of the barrier. The 8+4 with Barrier and the 8+4 with Buffer alternatives would be similar, but would not include the additional general-purpose lanes. Cost estimates for the build alternatives range from $3.3 billion to $4.3 billion. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would maintain or improve future traffic levels of service, provide a facility that is compatible with future bus rapid transit and other modal options, provide consistency with the regional transportation plan, and maintain I-5 as an effective link in the national strategic highway network. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would impact 24 to 27 acres of farmland and 23 to 29 acres of federal wetlands, impact two archaeological sites, and require relocations of 50 to 112 residences and 10 to 13 businesses. The 10+4 with Barrier Alternative would displace a 47-unit apartment complex in northern Carlsbad within an area identified as having a high concentration of Spanish-speaking households as well as a high proportion of minority populations. All four build alternatives would result in highly adverse changes to the existing visual environment along the project corridor, making it noticeably more urban. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.), and Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 4601). JF - EPA number: 100249, 585 oversize pages and maps, July 2, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 2 KW - Roads and Railroads KW - Environmental Justice KW - Highway Structures KW - Highways KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Traffic Control KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources KW - Wetlands KW - California KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/816526887?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=INTERSTATE+5+NORTH+COAST+CORRIDOR+PROJECT%2C+SAN+DIEGO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=INTERSTATE+5+NORTH+COAST+CORRIDOR+PROJECT%2C+SAN+DIEGO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Sacramento, California; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-20 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - INTERSTATE 5 NORTH COAST CORRIDOR PROJECT, SAN DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. AN - 754909715; 14441 AB - PURPOSE: Improvements to Interstate 5 (I-5) from La Jolla Village Drive in the City of San Diego to Harbor Boulevard in the City of Oceanside, California are proposed. Located in San Diego Countys north coastal area, the I-5 North Coast Corridors 27 miles of highway connects the cities of Oceanside, Carlsbad, Encinitas, Solana Beach, Del Mar and San Diego. As a gateway to San Diego County, the I-5 North Coast Corridor is one of the most traveled highways in the nation. It carries locals and visitors to attractions such as its six lagoons, world-renowned beaches, Legoland and Del Mar Fairgrounds, employment centers, and communities. For most of the project area, there have been minimal improvements to the existing interstate facility since the original construction during the 1960's and 1970's and the corridor currently experiences periodic traffic congestion during weekday peak hours. The proposed improvements would include one or two high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) managed lanes in each direction, auxiliary lanes where needed, and possibly one general purpose lane in each direction. The HOV/managed lanes would be available for carpools, vanpools, busses at no cost and be available to single-occupant vehicles for a fee when there is sufficient capacity. Four build alternatives and a No Build Alternative are assessed in this draft EIS. The 10+4 with Barrier Alternative would separate HOV/managed lanes from general-purpose lanes with a concrete barrier using standard 10-foot shoulder widths. There would be would a buffer separating HOV/managed lanes from general-purpose lanes with a four-foot and variable buffer width in lieu of the barrier from Voigt Drive to Del Mar Heights Road and from SR-78 to Harbor Drive /Vandegrift Boulevard. A total of four HOV/managed lanes would be built from north of the freeway-to-freeway connector in San Diego to Harbor Drive/Vandegrift in Oceanside. There would be two HOV/managed lanes from Voigt Drive in San Diego to the freeway-to-freeway connector. New freeway access at Voigt Drive, Manchester Avenue, Cannon Road and Oceanside Boulevard would be constructed. In addition, one general-purpose lane would be constructed in each direction on I-5 from south of Del Mar Heights Road in San Diego to SR-78 in Oceanside. There would be auxiliary lanes constructed at various locations within the project area and operational improvements. The 10+4 with Buffer Alternative would function similarly, but would use a buffer to separate HOV/managed lanes from general-purpose lanes with a width of four feet in some locations instead of the barrier. The 8+4 with Barrier and the 8+4 with Buffer alternatives would be similar, but would not include the additional general-purpose lanes. Cost estimates for the build alternatives range from $3.3 billion to $4.3 billion. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would maintain or improve future traffic levels of service, provide a facility that is compatible with future bus rapid transit and other modal options, provide consistency with the regional transportation plan, and maintain I-5 as an effective link in the national strategic highway network. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Implementation would impact 24 to 27 acres of farmland and 23 to 29 acres of federal wetlands, impact two archaeological sites, and require relocations of 50 to 112 residences and 10 to 13 businesses. The 10+4 with Barrier Alternative would displace a 47-unit apartment complex in northern Carlsbad within an area identified as having a high concentration of Spanish-speaking households as well as a high proportion of minority populations. All four build alternatives would result in highly adverse changes to the existing visual environment along the project corridor, making it noticeably more urban. LEGAL MANDATES: Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), River and Harbor Act of 1899 (33 U.S.C. 401 et seq.), and Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 4601). JF - EPA number: 100249, 585 oversize pages and maps, July 2, 2010 PY - 2010 KW - Roads and Railroads KW - Environmental Justice KW - Highway Structures KW - Highways KW - Section 4(f) Statements KW - Traffic Control KW - Transportation KW - Visual Resources KW - Wetlands KW - California KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Section 404 Permits KW - River and Harbor Act of 1899, Section 10 Permits KW - Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754909715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-07-02&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=INTERSTATE+5+NORTH+COAST+CORRIDOR+PROJECT%2C+SAN+DIEGO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.title=INTERSTATE+5+NORTH+COAST+CORRIDOR+PROJECT%2C+SAN+DIEGO+COUNTY%2C+CALIFORNIA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Sacramento, California; DOT N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-20 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: July 2, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Two opposing effects of absorbing aerosols on global-mean precipitation AN - 1730095540; 13209743 AB - Absorbing aerosols affect global-mean precipitation primarily in two ways. They give rise to stronger shortwave atmospheric heating, which acts to suppress precipitation. Depending on the top-of-the-atmosphere radiative flux change, they can also warm up the surface with a tendency to increase precipitation. Here, we present a theoretical framework that takes into account both effects, and apply it to analyze the hydrological responses to increased black carbon burden simulated with a general circulation model. It is found that the damping effect of atmospheric heating can outweigh the enhancing effect of surface warming, resulting in a net decrease in precipitation. The implications for moist convection and general circulation are discussed. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Ming, Yi AU - Ramaswamy, V AU - Persad, Geeta AD - Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, NOAA, Princeton, New Jersey, USA Y1 - 2010/07/02/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jul 02 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA VL - 37 IS - 13 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE); Aerospace & High Technology Database (AH) KW - 1620 Global Change: Climate dynamics KW - 0305 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Aerosols and particles KW - 1626 Global Change: Global climate models KW - aerosols KW - precipitation KW - absorbing aerosols KW - Aerosols KW - Carbon KW - Atmospheric heating KW - Circulation KW - Absorption KW - Precipitation KW - Warm up KW - Damping UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1730095540?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Two+opposing+effects+of+absorbing+aerosols+on+global-mean+precipitation&rft.au=Ming%2C+Yi%3BRamaswamy%2C+V%3BPersad%2C+Geeta&rft.aulast=Ming&rft.aufirst=Yi&rft.date=2010-07-02&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010GL042895 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-06-30 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010GL042895 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Silent ships sometimes do encounter more fish. 2. Concurrent echosounder observations from a free-drifting buoy and vessels AN - 918051280; 16141007 AB - De Robertis, A., and Wilson, C. D. 2010. Silent ships sometimes do encounter more fish. 2. Concurrent echosounder observations from a free-drifting buoy and vessels. - ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 996-1003.The reactions of walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) to the NOAA ships "Miller Freeman" (MF), a conventionally designed research vessel, and the "Oscar Dyson" (OD), a noise-reduced research vessel, were compared near the Shumagin Islands, Alaska. Observations with a buoy-mounted echosounder indicated a stronger decrease in pollock backscatter strength and a greater increase in pollock backscatter depth associated with the passage of the MF than the OD. The pollock began to respond at a distance of similar to 270 m from the vessel and were disturbed for several minutes after vessel passage. The reaction to the OD was weak, suggesting that measurements of pollock made by the OD in this environment are not strongly biased by vessel avoidance. Comparison of echosounder observations collected on board each vessel indicated that the MF measured less pollock backscatter, a deeper pollock depth distribution, and weaker single-target echoes than the OD. Together, the results indicate that acoustic measurements from the two vessels are not equivalent because of a reduced avoidance response to the noise-reduced vessel. JF - ICES Journal of Marine Science AU - De Robertis, Alex AU - Wilson, Christopher D AD - National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Resource Assessment and Conservation Engineering Division, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115, USA, alex.derobertis@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - July 2010 SP - 996 EP - 1003 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 1054-3139, 1054-3139 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - acoustics KW - noise-reduced vessel KW - vessel avoidance KW - walleye pollock KW - USA, Alaska KW - USA, Alaska, Alaska Peninsula, Shumagin Is. KW - Ships KW - Marine KW - Fishing vessels KW - echosounders KW - Theragra chalcogramma KW - Backscatter KW - marine sciences KW - Echosounders KW - Avoidance reactions KW - Marine fish KW - Sound measurement KW - Islands KW - Echoes KW - Fish KW - Acoustic measurements KW - Q2 09202:Methods and instruments KW - O 1050:Vertebrates, Urochordates and Cephalochordates KW - Q1 08423:Behaviour KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918051280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ICES+Journal+of+Marine+Science&rft.atitle=Silent+ships+sometimes+do+encounter+more+fish.+2.+Concurrent+echosounder+observations+from+a+free-drifting+buoy+and+vessels&rft.au=De+Robertis%2C+Alex%3BWilson%2C+Christopher+D&rft.aulast=De+Robertis&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=996&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ICES+Journal+of+Marine+Science&rft.issn=10543139&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Ficesjms%2Ffsp301 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ships; Sound measurement; Marine fish; Fishing vessels; Backscatter; Echosounders; Echoes; Avoidance reactions; Islands; echosounders; marine sciences; Fish; Acoustic measurements; Theragra chalcogramma; USA, Alaska, Alaska Peninsula, Shumagin Is.; USA, Alaska; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsp301 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An expansion of the MSVPA approach for quantifying predator-prey interactions in exploited fish communities AN - 918049819; 16140997 AB - Garrison, L. P., Link, J. S., Kilduff, D. P., Cieri, M. D., Muffley, B., Vaughan, D. S., Sharov, A., Mahmoudi, B., and Latour, R. J. 2010. An expansion of the MSVPA approach for quantifying predator-prey interactions in exploited fish communities. - ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 856-870.Ecosystem-based fisheries management requires tools to place fish-stock dynamics in the broader context of fishery, predator, and competitive removals. Multispecies virtual population analysis (MSVPA) is an approach to quantifying predator-prey interactions and estimating the rates of predation mortality for exploited fish populations. Here, an extended MSVPA (MSVPA-X) is presented as an alternative to existing MSVPA approaches. Notably, MSVPA-X uses index-tuned VPA methods, applies a more flexible feeding model, and includes an alternative functional feeding response. The MSVPA-X model is applied to a western Atlantic fish community, focusing on Atlantic menhaden and its major fish predators, and a sensitivity analysis of major model parameters is presented. The sensitivity analysis highlights the need for adequate diet sampling. The MSVPA-X represents an improvement over previous approaches by increasing the flexibility to model seasonal and interannual dynamics in the strength of predator-prey interactions. Model results demonstrate that, for menhaden in particular, and forage fish in general, quantifying predation mortality is an important part of effective assessments of forage fish, their predators, and the fisheries of both. JF - ICES Journal of Marine Science AU - Garrison, Lance P AU - Link, Jason S AU - Kilduff, DPatrick AU - Cieri, Matthew D AU - Muffley, Brandon AU - Vaughan, Douglas S AU - Sharov, Alexei AU - Mahmoudi, Behzad AU - Latour, Robert J AD - 1 Southeast Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, 75 Virginia Beach Drive, Miami, FL 33148, USA, lance.garrison@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - July 2010 SP - 856 EP - 870 PB - Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP United Kingdom VL - 67 IS - 5 SN - 1054-3139, 1054-3139 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Atlantic menhaden KW - ecosystem-based fisheries management KW - multispecies virtual population analysis KW - trophic models KW - Marine KW - Mortality KW - predator-prey interactions KW - Predation KW - Stock assessment KW - feeding KW - AW, Atlantic KW - exploitation KW - Multispecies fisheries KW - A, Atlantic KW - predators KW - Marine fish KW - Fishery management KW - sensitivity analysis KW - Predator prey interactions KW - forage KW - Forage fish KW - Fish KW - Mortality causes KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q2 09391:Tools, rigging and deck machinery KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918049819?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ICES+Journal+of+Marine+Science&rft.atitle=An+expansion+of+the+MSVPA+approach+for+quantifying+predator-prey+interactions+in+exploited+fish+communities&rft.au=Garrison%2C+Lance+P%3BLink%2C+Jason+S%3BKilduff%2C+DPatrick%3BCieri%2C+Matthew+D%3BMuffley%2C+Brandon%3BVaughan%2C+Douglas+S%3BSharov%2C+Alexei%3BMahmoudi%2C+Behzad%3BLatour%2C+Robert+J&rft.aulast=Garrison&rft.aufirst=Lance&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=856&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ICES+Journal+of+Marine+Science&rft.issn=10543139&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Ficesjms%2Ffsq005 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Fishery management; Predator prey interactions; Stock assessment; Forage fish; Multispecies fisheries; Mortality causes; Mortality; predator-prey interactions; sensitivity analysis; forage; Predation; feeding; exploitation; Fish; predators; AW, Atlantic; A, Atlantic; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsq005 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Early 20th century Arctic warming in retrospect AN - 883033725; 15236452 AB - The major early 20th century climatic fluctuation ( similar to 1920-1940) has been the subject of scientific enquiry from the time it was detected in the 1920s. The papers of scientists who studied the event first-hand have faded into obscurity but their insights are relevant today. We review this event through a rediscovery of early research and new assessments of the instrumental record. Much of the inter-annual to decadal scale variability in surface air temperature (SAT) anomaly patterns and related ecosystem effects in the Arctic and elsewhere can be attributed to the superposition of leading modes of variability in the atmospheric circulation. Meridional circulation patterns were an important factor in the high latitudes of the North Atlantic during the early climatic fluctuation. Sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies that appeared during this period were congruent with low-frequency variability in the climate system but were themselves most likely the result of anomalous forcing by the atmosphere. The high-resolution data necessary to verify this hypothesis are lacking, but the consistency of multiple lines of evidence provides strong support. Our findings indicate that early climatic fluctuation is best interpreted as a large but random climate excursion imposed on top of the steadily rising global mean temperature associated with anthropogenic forcing. JF - International Journal of Climatology AU - Wood, Kevin R AU - Overland, James E AD - Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean, University of Washington, 3737 Brooklyn Ave. NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA, Kevin.R.Wood@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - July 2010 SP - 1269 EP - 1279 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States VL - 30 IS - 9 SN - 1097-0088, 1097-0088 KW - Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Mean temperatures KW - air temperature KW - anthropogenic factors KW - Atmospheric variability KW - Climate KW - Temperature KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - AN, North Atlantic KW - Polar environments KW - Meridional circulation KW - Atmosphere KW - PN, Arctic KW - Sea surface temperature anomalies KW - Climatic variability KW - Reviews KW - Climatology KW - latitude KW - Arctic ecology KW - Climatic fluctuations KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 551.465:Structure/Dynamics/Circulation (551.465) KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/883033725?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Climatology&rft.atitle=Early+20th+century+Arctic+warming+in+retrospect&rft.au=Wood%2C+Kevin+R%3BOverland%2C+James+E&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Climatology&rft.issn=10970088&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fjoc.1973 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/joc.1973/abstract LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mean temperatures; Sea surface temperature anomalies; Climatic variability; Atmospheric variability; Atmospheric circulation; Climatology; Meridional circulation; Arctic ecology; Climatic fluctuations; air temperature; anthropogenic factors; Reviews; Climate; Temperature; latitude; Polar environments; Atmosphere; PN, Arctic; AN, North Atlantic DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.1973 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The observed sensitivity of the global hydrological cycle to changes in surface temperature Focus on Anticipated Changes in the Global Atmospheric Water Cycle AN - 851467063; 14120201 AB - Climate models project large changes in global surface temperature in coming decades that are expected to be accompanied by significant changes in the global hydrological cycle. Validation of model simulations is essential to support their use in decision making, but observing the elements of the hydrological cycle is challenging, and model-independent global data sets exist only for precipitation. We compute the sensitivity of the global hydrological cycle to changes in surface temperature using available global precipitation data sets and compare the results against the sensitivities derived from model simulations of 20th century climate. The implications of the results for the global climate observing system are discussed. JF - Environmental Research Letters AU - Arkin, Phillip A AU - Smith, Thomas M AU - Sapiano, Mathew R P AU - Janowiak, John AD - University of Maryland, CICS/ESSIC, 5825 University Research Court, Suite 4001, College Park, MD 20740, USA NOAA/STAR/SCSB and CICS/ESSIC, 5825 University Research Court, Suite 4001, College Park, MD 20740, USA Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, 1371 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - July 2010 SP - 035201 PB - Institute of Physics Publishing Inc., The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929 Philadelphia PA 19106 USA VL - 5 IS - 3 SN - 1748-9326, 1748-9326 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Atmospheric Water KW - Surface temperatures KW - Meteorological data KW - Rainfall KW - Climate change KW - Environmental research KW - Decision Making KW - hydrologic cycle KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Hydrologic Data KW - Sensitivity KW - Hydrologic analysis KW - Climate models KW - Climates KW - Temperature KW - Global precipitation KW - Simulation KW - Precipitation KW - Water cycle KW - Numerical simulations KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - SW 0815:Precipitation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/851467063?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=The+observed+sensitivity+of+the+global+hydrological+cycle+to+changes+in+surface+temperature+Focus+on+Anticipated+Changes+in+the+Global+Atmospheric+Water+Cycle&rft.au=Arkin%2C+Phillip+A%3BSmith%2C+Thomas+M%3BSapiano%2C+Mathew+R+P%3BJanowiak%2C+John&rft.aulast=Arkin&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=035201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.issn=17489326&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F5%2F3%2F035201 L2 - http://iopscience.iop.org/1748-9326/5/3/035201 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Meteorological data; Surface temperatures; Water cycle; Climate models; Hydrologic analysis; Numerical simulations; Global precipitation; Environmental research; Precipitation; Sensitivity; hydrologic cycle; Rainfall; Temperature; Simulation; Atmospheric Water; Hydrologic Models; Climates; Climate change; Decision Making; Hydrologic Data DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/5/3/035201 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cryogenic Fourier transform infrared spectrometer from 4 to 20 micrometers AN - 849485882; 13949055 AB - We describe the design and performance of a cryogenic Fourier transform spectrometer (Cryo-FTS) operating at a temperature of approximately 15 K. The instrument is based on a porch-swing scanning mirror design with active alignment stabilization using a fiber-optic coupled diode laser and voice-coil actuator mechanism. It has a KBr beamsplitter and has been integrated into an infrared radiometer containing a calibrated Si:As blocked impurity band (BIB) detector. Due to its low operating temperature, the spectrometer exhibits very small thermal background signal and low drift. Data from tests of basic spectrometer function, such as modulation efficiency, scan jitter, spectral range, and spectral resolution are presented. We also present results from measurements of faint point-like sources in a low background environment, including background, signal offset and gain, and spectral noise equivalent power, and discuss the possible use of the instrument for spectral characterization of ground-based infrared astronomy calibration sources. The Cryo-FTS is presently limited to wavelengths below 25 micrometers but can be in principle extended to longer wavelengths with changes in beamsplitter and detector. JF - Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering AU - Kaplan, Simon G AU - Woods, Solomon I AU - Jung, Timothy M AU - Carter, Adriaan C AD - National Institute of Standards and Technology (USA) Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - Jul 2010 PB - SPIE, P.O. BOX 10 Bellingham WA 98227-0010 USA VL - 7739 SN - 0277-786X, 0277-786X KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Fourier transforms KW - Temperature KW - Noise levels KW - Lasers KW - astronomy KW - ENA 08:International UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/849485882?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SPIE+-+The+International+Society+for+Optical+Engineering&rft.atitle=Cryogenic+Fourier+transform+infrared+spectrometer+from+4+to+20+micrometers&rft.au=Kaplan%2C+Simon+G%3BWoods%2C+Solomon+I%3BJung%2C+Timothy+M%3BCarter%2C+Adriaan+C&rft.aulast=Kaplan&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=7739&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SPIE+-+The+International+Society+for+Optical+Engineering&rft.issn=0277786X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fourier transforms; Noise levels; Temperature; Lasers; astronomy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using Otolith Chemistry to Investigate Population Structure of Quillback Rockfish in Puget Sound AN - 839692618; 14072303 AB - We assess the potential of using otolith chemistry to differentiate quillback rockfish (Sebastes maliger) within Puget Sound, Washington, where two distinct population segments (DPS) have been identified. Using opportunistic collections (1993-2003) of quillback rockfish (n=77; age range of 2-65 yrs.) we first sought to determine whether fish from different sites and regions could be differentiated based on the trace elemental concentrations at the edge of their otoliths (i.e., the chemical record of the fish's recent history). Results of our quadratic discriminant function analysis (QDFA) indicated significant spatial variability for fish collected at relatively large (regions) and small (sites) spatial scales. Specifically, fish collected from regions in 2002 (San Juan Islands and southern Puget Sound) and 2003 (eastern and western Strait of Juan de Fuca) were correctly classified with 100% and 65% accuracy (based on jack-knife classification), respectively, while fish collected from sites in 1998 (Mukilteo and Foulweather) were classified with 100% accuracy. We also investigated whether we could differentiate fish that were collected from different DPS and regions by using elemental concentrations from their whole otolith (which represents environmental information over the lifetime of a fish). Results from the QDFAs indicated relatively high classification success (80%) when comparing fish collected from either different DPS (i.e., Northern Puget Sound and Puget Sound Proper DPS) or regions (i.e., western and eastern Strait of Juan de Fuca). Findings from this study highlight the value of otolith chemistry in the study of population structure of quillback rockfish in Puget Sound. JF - Northwest Science AU - Chittaro, Paul M AU - Klinger, Terrie AU - Telmer, Kevin AU - Sanborn, Michael AU - Morgan, Lance Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - July 2010 SP - 243 EP - 254 PB - Northwest Scientific Association, PO Box 645910 Pullman, WA 99164-5910 USA VL - 84 IS - 3 SN - 0029-344X, 0029-344X KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Variability KW - Age KW - Sebastes maliger KW - Marine fish KW - Spatial variations KW - Otolith reading KW - Islands KW - Classification KW - History KW - Straits KW - Sound KW - Sounds KW - Populations KW - Marine KW - Mathematical models KW - INE, USA, Washington, San Juan I. KW - Age determination KW - Otoliths KW - INE, USA, Washington, Puget Sound KW - Fish KW - Population structure KW - Q1 08441:Population structure KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - SW 0540:Properties of water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839692618?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northwest+Science&rft.atitle=Using+Otolith+Chemistry+to+Investigate+Population+Structure+of+Quillback+Rockfish+in+Puget+Sound&rft.au=Chittaro%2C+Paul+M%3BKlinger%2C+Terrie%3BTelmer%2C+Kevin%3BSanborn%2C+Michael%3BMorgan%2C+Lance&rft.aulast=Chittaro&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Northwest+Science&rft.issn=0029344X&rft_id=info:doi/10.3955%2F046.084.0304 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Spatial variations; Marine fish; Otolith reading; Mathematical models; Classification; Population structure; Age determination; Age; Islands; Otoliths; Sound; Variability; History; Straits; Sounds; Fish; Populations; Sebastes maliger; INE, USA, Washington, San Juan I.; INE, USA, Washington, Puget Sound; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3955/046.084.0304 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fish Assemblages in Nearshore Habitats of Prince William Sound, Alaska AN - 839690071; 14072305 AB - We sampled fish at eight locations in western Prince William Sound (PWS), Alaska, in April, July, and September 2006, and July 2007, to identify species assemblages and habitat use. At each location, fish were sampled with a 37-m long variable mesh beach seine in three nearshore habitats: bedrock outcrops, eelgrass meadows, and cobble beaches with kelp. A total of 49,060 fish representing 45 species were captured in 95 beach seine hauls. Catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE, all species) did not differ by season but did differ by habitat type--CPUE was greater in eelgrass and kelp than in bedrock. Seasonal pulses in catch were evident for some species; pink salmon were captured only in spring and summer, Pacific herring only in summer and fall, and capelin only in fall. Species richness was greater in summer (34) than in spring (23) or fall (28), and greater in eelgrass (34) than in bedrock (22) or kelp (33). Species that were good discriminators among seasonal collections were pink salmon, saffron cod, crescent gunnel, and Pacific herring, whereas species that were good discriminators among habitat collections were crescent gunnel, tubesnout, bay pipefish, saffron cod, and Arctic shanny. Of the most abundant species captured, most were juveniles based on estimated size at maturity. The summer fish assemblage in western PWS has changed over the last 20 years, especially with the appearance in large numbers of saffron cod. Sites in this study can be monitored periodically to track future changes in fish assemblages and habitat that may result from local and regional human disturbance. JF - Northwest Science AU - Johnson, Scott W AU - Thedinga, John F AU - Neff, ADarcie AU - Harris, Patricia M AU - Lindeberg, Mandy R AU - Maselko, Jacek M AU - Rice, Stanley D Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - Jul 2010 SP - 266 EP - 280 PB - Northwest Scientific Association, PO Box 645910 Pullman, WA 99164-5910 USA VL - 84 IS - 3 SN - 0029-344X, 0029-344X KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - kelps KW - Meadows KW - Sound KW - Habitat utilization KW - Maturity KW - Salmonidae KW - Seasonal variations KW - Species richness KW - Beaches KW - Chemical oxygen demand KW - Habitat KW - PN, Arctic KW - summer KW - salmon KW - Fish KW - INE, USA, Alaska, Alaska Gulf, Prince William Sound KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839690071?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northwest+Science&rft.atitle=Fish+Assemblages+in+Nearshore+Habitats+of+Prince+William+Sound%2C+Alaska&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Scott+W%3BThedinga%2C+John+F%3BNeff%2C+ADarcie%3BHarris%2C+Patricia+M%3BLindeberg%2C+Mandy+R%3BMaselko%2C+Jacek+M%3BRice%2C+Stanley+D&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=266&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Northwest+Science&rft.issn=0029344X&rft_id=info:doi/10.3955%2F046.084.0306 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Beaches; Meadows; Sound; Habitat utilization; Chemical oxygen demand; Maturity; Habitat; Species richness; Sulfur dioxide; kelps; salmon; summer; Fish; Seasonal variations; Salmonidae; PN, Arctic; INE, USA, Alaska, Alaska Gulf, Prince William Sound DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3955/046.084.0306 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Role of Mesoscale Eddies in the Rectification of the Southern Ocean Response to Climate Change AN - 821737284; 13703188 AB - Simulations from a fine-resolution global coupled model, the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Climate Model, version 2.4 (CM2.4), are presented, and the results are compared with a coarse version of the same coupled model, CM2.1, under idealized climate change scenarios. A particular focus is given to the dynamical response of the Southern Ocean and the role played by the eddies--parameterized or permitted--in setting the residual circulation and meridional density structure. Compared to the case in which eddies are parameterized and consistent with recent observational and idealized modeling studies, the eddy-permitting integrations of CM2.4 show that eddy activity is greatly energized with increasing mechanical and buoyancy forcings, buffering the ocean to atmospheric changes, and the magnitude of the residual oceanic circulation response is thus greatly reduced. Although compensation is far from being perfect, changes in poleward eddy fluxes partially compensate for the enhanced equatorward Ekman transport, leading to weak modifications in local isopycnal slopes, transport by the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, and overturning circulation. Since the presence of active ocean eddy dynamics buffers the oceanic response to atmospheric changes, the associated atmospheric response to those reduced ocean changes is also weakened. Further, it is hypothesized that present numerical approaches for the parameterization of eddy-induced transports could be too restrictive and prevent coarse-resolution models from faithfully representing the eddy response to variability and change in the forcing fields. JF - Journal of Physical Oceanography AU - Farneti, Riccardo AU - Delworth, Thomas L AU - Rosati, Anthony J AU - Griffies, Stephen M AU - Zeng, Fanrong AD - Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Program, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, riccardo.farneti@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - July 2010 SP - 1539 EP - 1557 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 40 IS - 7 SN - 0022-3670, 0022-3670 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Eddies KW - Mesoscale processes KW - Southern Ocean KW - Climate change KW - Forcing KW - Meridional overturning circulation KW - buffers KW - Oceanic overturning circulation KW - fluid dynamics KW - Atmospheric circulation-oceanic circulation coupled models KW - Oceanic response KW - PS, Antarctic Ocean, Antarctic Circumpolar Current KW - Geophysics KW - Buoyancy KW - Temperature effects KW - Marine KW - Climate models KW - Simulation KW - Ocean circulation KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Oceanic eddies KW - Mesoscale eddies KW - Currents KW - Oceanic circulation KW - Ekman transport KW - Oceans KW - Atmospheric forcing KW - Fluid dynamics KW - PS, Antarctic Ocean KW - physical oceanography KW - Q2 09164:Ocean circulation and currents KW - O 2010:Physical Oceanography KW - Q1 08563:Fishing gear and methods KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/821737284?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Physical+Oceanography&rft.atitle=The+Role+of+Mesoscale+Eddies+in+the+Rectification+of+the+Southern+Ocean+Response+to+Climate+Change&rft.au=Farneti%2C+Riccardo%3BDelworth%2C+Thomas+L%3BRosati%2C+Anthony+J%3BGriffies%2C+Stephen+M%3BZeng%2C+Fanrong&rft.aulast=Farneti&rft.aufirst=Riccardo&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1539&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Physical+Oceanography&rft.issn=00223670&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JPO4353.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Oceanic response; Ekman transport; Atmospheric forcing; Climate change; Fluid dynamics; Ocean circulation; Oceanic eddies; Mesoscale eddies; Oceanic circulation; Climate models; Atmospheric circulation; Oceanic overturning circulation; Atmospheric circulation-oceanic circulation coupled models; Buoyancy; Currents; buffers; Oceans; Simulation; Geophysics; fluid dynamics; physical oceanography; PS, Antarctic Ocean, Antarctic Circumpolar Current; PS, Antarctic Ocean; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JPO4353.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Decrease in the CO (sub 2) uptake capacity in an ice-free Arctic Ocean basin AN - 807613796; 2010-100614 AB - It has been predicted that the Arctic Ocean will sequester much greater amounts of carbon dioxide (CO (sub 2) ) from the atmosphere as a result of sea ice melt and increasing primary productivity. However, this prediction was made on the basis of observations from either highly productive ocean margins or ice-covered basins before the recent major ice retreat. We report here a high-resolution survey of sea-surface CO (sub 2) concentration across the Canada Basin, showing a great increase relative to earlier observations. Rapid CO (sub 2) invasion from the atmosphere and low biological CO (sub 2) drawdown are the main causes for the higher CO (sub 2) , which also acts as a barrier to further CO (sub 2) invasion. Contrary to the current view, we predict that the Arctic Ocean basin will not become a large atmospheric CO (sub 2) sink under ice-free conditions. JF - Science AU - Cai, Wei-Jun AU - Chen, Liqi AU - Chen, Baoshan AU - Gao, Zhongyong AU - Lee, Sang H AU - Chen, Jianfang AU - Pierrot, Denis AU - Sullivan, Kevin AU - Wang, Yongchen AU - Hu, Xinping AU - Huang, Wei-Jen AU - Zhang, Yuanhui AU - Xu, Suqing AU - Murata, Akihiko AU - Grebmeier, Jacqueline M AU - Jones, E Peter AU - Zhang, Haisheng Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - July 2010 SP - 556 EP - 559 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC VL - 329 IS - 5991 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - ocean circulation KW - sea water KW - sea ice KW - sinks KW - atmosphere KW - hydrochemistry KW - climate change KW - temperature KW - carbon dioxide KW - Canada Basin KW - melting KW - ice KW - Arctic Ocean KW - sea-surface temperature KW - geochemistry KW - productivity KW - 07:Oceanography KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/807613796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Decrease+in+the+CO+%28sub+2%29+uptake+capacity+in+an+ice-free+Arctic+Ocean+basin&rft.au=Cai%2C+Wei-Jun%3BChen%2C+Liqi%3BChen%2C+Baoshan%3BGao%2C+Zhongyong%3BLee%2C+Sang+H%3BChen%2C+Jianfang%3BPierrot%2C+Denis%3BSullivan%2C+Kevin%3BWang%2C+Yongchen%3BHu%2C+Xinping%3BHuang%2C+Wei-Jen%3BZhang%2C+Yuanhui%3BXu%2C+Suqing%3BMurata%2C+Akihiko%3BGrebmeier%2C+Jacqueline+M%3BJones%2C+E+Peter%3BZhang%2C+Haisheng&rft.aulast=Cai&rft.aufirst=Wei-Jun&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=329&rft.issue=5991&rft.spage=556&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.1189338 L2 - http://www.sciencemag.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Supplemental information/data is available in the online version of this article N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SCIEAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arctic Ocean; atmosphere; Canada Basin; carbon dioxide; climate change; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; ice; melting; ocean circulation; productivity; sea ice; sea water; sea-surface temperature; sinks; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1189338 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Early life ecology of Alaska plaice (Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus) in the eastern Bering Sea: Seasonality, distribution, and dispersal AN - 787205946; 13663798 AB - We examined the patterns of abundance and distribution of Alaska plaice, Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus, eggs, larvae and pelagic juveniles over the southeastern Bering Sea shelf to better understand factors controlling transport and recruitment of flatfish in the Bering Sea. Ichthyoplankton data were derived from plankton surveys conducted in 1997, 1999, 2002, 2003, and 2005. Temperature, salinity, depth, and abundance of microzooplankton were measured concurrently. Eggs and larvae were primarily collected from depths <200aam, with the majority occurring over bottom depths ranging 50-100aam. Eggs were present throughout the water column, though densities of preflexion stage larvae were concentrated at depths 10-20aam. There was no evidence of vertical migration for pre-flexion stages. Spawning in Alaska plaice occurs primarily east of Port Moller in April and May, and eggs and larvae appear to drift to the north and northeast, an observation based on satellite-tracked drifter information, model output, and collections of older, later-stage postlarvae. Connectivity between spawning areas and nursery habitats is likely influenced by wind forcing, so climate-mediated changes to dispersal trajectory or timing is expected to have significant impacts on recruitment in this species, though entrainment in consistent, directional currents may modify these effects. JF - Journal of Sea Research AU - Duffy-Anderson, Janet T AU - Doyle, Miriam J AU - Mier, Kathryn L AU - Stabeno, Phyllis J AU - Wilderbuer, Thomas K AD - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115-6349 USA Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - July 2010 SP - 3 EP - 14 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 64 IS - 1-2 SN - 1385-1101, 1385-1101 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Alaska Plaice KW - Eggs KW - Larvae KW - Distribution KW - Dispersal KW - Bering Sea KW - Temperature effects KW - Seasonality KW - Marine KW - Plankton surveys KW - Vertical migrations KW - Quantitative distribution KW - Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus KW - Abundance KW - Recruitment KW - Nursery grounds KW - Climate change KW - Environmental impact KW - INE, USA, Alaska KW - Spawning KW - Water column KW - Marine fish KW - IN, Bering Sea KW - Drift KW - Salinity effects KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/787205946?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Sea+Research&rft.atitle=Early+life+ecology+of+Alaska+plaice+%28Pleuronectes+quadrituberculatus%29+in+the+eastern+Bering+Sea%3A+Seasonality%2C+distribution%2C+and+dispersal&rft.au=Duffy-Anderson%2C+Janet+T%3BDoyle%2C+Miriam+J%3BMier%2C+Kathryn+L%3BStabeno%2C+Phyllis+J%3BWilderbuer%2C+Thomas+K&rft.aulast=Duffy-Anderson&rft.aufirst=Janet&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Sea+Research&rft.issn=13851101&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.seares.2009.07.002 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Seasonality; Marine fish; Plankton surveys; Vertical migrations; Quantitative distribution; Climate change; Nursery grounds; Recruitment; Environmental impact; Temperature effects; Drift; Salinity effects; Abundance; Dispersal; Spawning; Water column; Eggs; Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus; IN, Bering Sea; INE, USA, Alaska; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2009.07.002 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimal Tropical Sea Surface Temperature Forcing of North American Drought AN - 762270554; 13703172 AB - The optimal anomalous sea surface temperature (SST) pattern for forcing North American drought is identified through atmospheric general circulation model integrations in which the response of the Palmer drought severity index (PDSI) is determined for each of 43 prescribed localized SST anomaly "patches" in a regular array over the tropical oceans. The robustness and relevance of the optimal pattern are established through the consistency of results obtained using two different models, and also by the good correspondence of the projection time series of historical tropical SST anomaly fields on the optimal pattern with the time series of the simulated PDSI in separate model integrations with prescribed time-varying observed global SST fields for 1920-2005. It is noteworthy that this optimal drought forcing pattern differs markedly in the Pacific Ocean from the dominant SST pattern associated with El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and also shows a large sensitivity of North American drought to Indian and Atlantic Ocean SSTs. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Shin, Sang-Ik AU - Sardeshmukh, Prashant D AU - Webb, Robert S AD - CIRES Climate Diagnostics Center, University of Colorado, and NOAA/Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado, sangikshin@marine.usf.edu Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - Jul 2010 SP - 3907 EP - 3917 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 23 IS - 14 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Temperature effects KW - Marine KW - North America KW - Sea surface KW - Climates KW - Climate KW - Temperature KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Drought KW - Projections KW - Time series analysis KW - Model Studies KW - Southern Oscillation KW - Sea surface temperature anomalies KW - Oceans KW - General circulation models KW - Tropical environment KW - El Nino-Southern Oscillation event KW - Atmospheric forcing KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Sea surface temperatures KW - Droughts KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - O 2010:Physical Oceanography KW - M2 551.588:Environmental Influences (551.588) KW - SW 0540:Properties of water KW - Q1 08567:Fishery oceanography and limnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/762270554?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Optimal+Tropical+Sea+Surface+Temperature+Forcing+of+North+American+Drought&rft.au=Shin%2C+Sang-Ik%3BSardeshmukh%2C+Prashant+D%3BWebb%2C+Robert+S&rft.aulast=Shin&rft.aufirst=Sang-Ik&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=3907&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JCLI3360.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Sea surface; Tropical environment; Climate; Atmospheric forcing; Ocean-atmosphere system; Atmospheric circulation; Droughts; Southern Oscillation; Sea surface temperature anomalies; General circulation models; El Nino-Southern Oscillation event; Drought; Time series analysis; Sea surface temperatures; Oceans; Climates; Temperature; Projections; Model Studies; North America; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JCLI3360.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Winter winds and river discharge determine juvenile southern flounder (Paralichthys lethostigma) recruitment and distribution in North Carolina estuaries AN - 759314069; 13663800 AB - Retrospective analyses of a 23year data set on abundance of Age 0 southern flounder in 105 estuarine nursery areas in the coastal region of North Carolina showed that discernible temporal and spatial patterns exist among clusters of stations. Furthermore, these patterns could be quantitatively related to certain meteorological and hydrological variables, namely winds from the east-southeast (E-SE) and from the north-northeast (N-NE) sectors and river runoff, which explained up to 83% of the interannual variability in numbers. We developed a regression model using recent catch data (1987-2002) and used the model to hindcast an earlier segment of the time series (1979-1986). The model was found to be quite robust, and could predict year class strength within 1 to 80% in the test set of data. We interpret these results to mean that hydrodynamic factors are principally responsible for the observed interannual recruitment variability in southern flounder in NC, since the interannual pattern in abundance of Age 0 fish persists for 2 more years of adult life. Finally, we discuss the implications of the variable spatial distribution patterns for estimates of year class strength from juvenile abundance data. It is possible that estimates of year class strength with a useful level of confidence could be obtained from meteorological data during the larval migration period. JF - Journal of Sea Research AU - Taylor, JChristopher AU - Miller, John M AU - Pietrafesa, Leonard J AU - Dickey, David A AU - Ross, Steve W AD - Center for Coastal Fisheries and Habitat Research, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA, john_miller@ncsu.edu Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - Jul 2010 SP - 15 EP - 25 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 64 IS - 1-2 SN - 1385-1101, 1385-1101 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Age 0 Southern Flounder KW - Distribution KW - Abundance KW - Meteorological Effects KW - North Carolina KW - USA KW - Meteorological data KW - Hydrodynamics KW - Year class KW - Freshwater KW - Time series analysis KW - Migration KW - Paralichthys lethostigma KW - Marine fish KW - Hydrologic Models KW - River runoff KW - River Flow KW - Wind KW - Hydrologic analysis KW - Pleuronectiformes KW - Estuaries KW - Recruitment KW - River discharge KW - Brackish KW - Fish KW - Variability KW - Age KW - Spatial distribution KW - Nursery grounds KW - Model Testing KW - Models KW - Winter KW - Regression analysis KW - Brackishwater environment KW - Flounders KW - Marine KW - ANW, USA, North Carolina KW - Juveniles KW - Data processing KW - Temporal variations KW - Regression models KW - Strength KW - Interannual variability KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - M2 551.468:Coastal Oceanography (551.468) KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08566:Fishery charts, grounds and water areas KW - O 1080:Multi-disciplinary Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/759314069?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Sea+Research&rft.atitle=Winter+winds+and+river+discharge+determine+juvenile+southern+flounder+%28Paralichthys+lethostigma%29+recruitment+and+distribution+in+North+Carolina+estuaries&rft.au=Taylor%2C+JChristopher%3BMiller%2C+John+M%3BPietrafesa%2C+Leonard+J%3BDickey%2C+David+A%3BRoss%2C+Steve+W&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=JChristopher&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Sea+Research&rft.issn=13851101&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.seares.2009.09.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Juveniles; Temporal variations; Nursery grounds; Recruitment; River discharge; Year class; Brackishwater environment; Winter; Age; Data processing; Spatial distribution; Abundance; Regression analysis; Migration; Wind; Models; Meteorological data; Interannual variability; Hydrologic analysis; Hydrodynamics; River runoff; Regression models; Estuaries; Time series analysis; Variability; Strength; Hydrologic Models; Fish; River Flow; Model Testing; Flounders; Pleuronectiformes; Paralichthys lethostigma; ANW, USA, North Carolina; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2009.09.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Incorporating effective sample sizes into sampling designs for reef fish AN - 759309396; 13217121 AB - Reef fisheries are usually sampled via two stage cluster sampling. Sampling efficiency for cluster sampling is low because of non-independence among fish samples collected from individual clusters/trips. This study establishes a new procedure for incorporating effective sample sizes into cluster sampling designs. The first step in this new procedure is to examine the degree of non-independence, the within and between trip variability, and the effective sample sizes of historical cluster samples to identify factors that influence sampling efficiency. The second step is to examine how changes in the effective sample size influence the precision of the length frequency distribution. The third step is to evaluate how different sampling designs change effective sample sizes. In general, the trip sample size should be small when the within trip variability is low. The number of sampling trips should be large when between trip variability is high. However, an optimum sampling design is also subject to limitations in cost and sampling opportunities. The procedures established here can also be applied to fishery independent surveys. JF - Fisheries Research (Amsterdam) AU - Chih, Ching-Ping AD - Southeast Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 75 Virginia Beach Drive, Miami, FL 33149, United States, Ching-Ping.Chih@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - Jul 2010 SP - 102 EP - 110 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 105 IS - 2 SN - 0165-7836, 0165-7836 KW - ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Effective sample size KW - Dispersion index KW - Sampling efficiency KW - Cluster sampling KW - Length frequency distribution KW - Historical account KW - Reefs KW - Stock assessment KW - Design KW - Fishery surveys KW - Fisheries KW - Body size KW - Fish KW - Sampling KW - Reef fish KW - Size KW - ENA 06:Food & Drugs KW - Q1 08345:Genetics and evolution KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q4 27790:Fish KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/759309396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Incorporating+effective+sample+sizes+into+sampling+designs+for+reef+fish&rft.au=Chih%2C+Ching-Ping&rft.aulast=Chih&rft.aufirst=Ching-Ping&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=102&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries+Research+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=01657836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fishres.2010.03.008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fishery surveys; Stock assessment; Fisheries; Body size; Sampling; Size; Reef fish; Reefs; Historical account; Fish; Design DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2010.03.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of relative exposure of dolphins to fishery activity AN - 754562515; 13370254 AB - For the past half-century, the purse seine fishery for yellowfin tuna has been a significant factor in the lives of dolphins in the eastern tropical Pacific (ETP). However, little is known about how frequently an individual dolphin is exposed to the fishery, and there are no methods available for accurately assessing the prior exposure of dolphins encountered at sea. Here we present a method to estimate an index of exposure based on a model of dolphin movement derived from data collected from multiple tracking studies. Based on this movement model, the method weights purse seine sets given their distance from a particular school of dolphins sighted at sea and how long ago they occurred. The method also takes into account the species composition and school size in the set. As a demonstration, we use the method to examine the spatial and temporal distribution of this index over an 11 yr period for which we have detailed data on purse seine sets. While the method has been designed for examining exposure to the ETP purse seine fishery, it is also applicable to studies of other anthropogenic effects where there is concern about exposure rates, such as underwater sound, pollution, or ship strikes. JF - Marine Ecology Progress Series AU - Archer, Frederick I AU - Redfern, Jessica V AU - Gerrodette, Tim AU - Chivers, Susan J AU - Perrin, William F AD - Southwest Fisheries Science Center, 3333 North Torrey Pines Court, la Jolla, California 92037, USA, eric.archer@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - Jul 2010 SP - 245 EP - 255 PB - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany VL - 410 SN - 0171-8630, 0171-8630 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Ships KW - Purse seines KW - dolphins KW - Ecological distribution KW - Pollution effects KW - Man-induced effects KW - IS, Tropical Pacific KW - Ship design KW - Models KW - Marine fish KW - schools KW - Fisheries KW - Sound KW - Species composition KW - Pollution KW - Marine KW - Data processing KW - Thunnus albacares KW - Temporal distribution KW - anthropogenic factors KW - Tuna fisheries KW - Tracking KW - Community composition KW - temporal distribution KW - Cetacea KW - D 04070:Pollution KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q1 08423:Behaviour KW - X 24300:Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754562515?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+relative+exposure+of+dolphins+to+fishery+activity&rft.au=Archer%2C+Frederick+I%3BRedfern%2C+Jessica+V%3BGerrodette%2C+Tim%3BChivers%2C+Susan+J%3BPerrin%2C+William+F&rft.aulast=Archer&rft.aufirst=Frederick&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=410&rft.issue=&rft.spage=245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.issn=01718630&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fmeps08641 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Purse seines; Community composition; Temporal distribution; Ecological distribution; Man-induced effects; Tuna fisheries; Ship design; Tracking; Data processing; Fisheries; Sound; Species composition; Pollution; Models; Ships; schools; anthropogenic factors; dolphins; Pollution effects; temporal distribution; Thunnus albacares; Cetacea; IS, Tropical Pacific; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps08641 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of 42 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for the bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus) for use in discriminating populations AN - 754560570; 13364470 JF - Marine Mammal Science AU - Morin, Phillip A AU - Pease, Victoria L AU - Hancock, Brittany L AU - Robertson, Kelly M AU - Antolik, Caroline W AU - Huebinger, Ryan M AD - *Southwest Fisheries Science Center,National Marine Fisheries Service,3333 N. Torrey Pines Court,La Jolla, California 92037, U.S.A. Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - Jul 2010 SP - 716 EP - 732 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 26 IS - 3 SN - 0824-0469, 0824-0469 KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Population genetics KW - Single-nucleotide polymorphism KW - Marine mammals KW - Biopolymorphism KW - Balaena mysticetus KW - Nucleotides KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - O 1050:Vertebrates, Urochordates and Cephalochordates KW - Q1 08371:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754560570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Mammal+Science&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+42+single+nucleotide+polymorphism+%28SNP%29+markers+for+the+bowhead+whale+%28Balaena+mysticetus%29+for+use+in+discriminating+populations&rft.au=Morin%2C+Phillip+A%3BPease%2C+Victoria+L%3BHancock%2C+Brittany+L%3BRobertson%2C+Kelly+M%3BAntolik%2C+Caroline+W%3BHuebinger%2C+Ryan+M&rft.aulast=Morin&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=716&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Mammal+Science&rft.issn=08240469&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1748-7692.2009.00362.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Population genetics; Marine mammals; Biopolymorphism; Nucleotides; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Balaena mysticetus; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2009.00362.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Steady-State Atmospheric Circulation Response to Climate Change-like Thermal Forcings in a Simple General Circulation Model AN - 754531602; 13209963 AB - The steady-state extratropical atmospheric response to thermal forcing is investigated in a simple atmospheric general circulation model. The thermal forcings qualitatively mimic three key aspects of anthropogenic climate change: warming in the tropical troposphere, cooling in the polar stratosphere, and warming at the polar surface. The principal novel findings are the following: 1) Warming in the tropical troposphere drives two robust responses in the model extratropical circulation: poleward shifts in the extratropical tropospheric storm tracks and a weakened stratospheric Brewer-Dobson circulation. The former result suggests heating in the tropical troposphere plays a fundamental role in the poleward contraction of the storm tracks found in Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)-class climate change simulations; the latter result is in the opposite sense of the trends in the Brewer-Dobson circulation found in most previous climate change experiments. 2) Cooling in the polar stratosphere also drives a poleward shift in the extratropical storm tracks. The tropospheric response is largely consistent with that found in previous studies, but it is shown to be very sensitive to the level and depth of the forcing. In the stratosphere, the Brewer-Dobson circulation weakens at midlatitudes, but it strengthens at high latitudes because of anomalously poleward heat fluxes on the flank of the polar vortex. 3) Warming at the polar surface drives an equatorward shift of the storm tracks. The storm-track response to polar warming is in the opposite sense of the response to tropical tropospheric heating; hence large warming over the Arctic may act to attenuate the response of the Northern Hemisphere storm track to tropical heating. 4) The signs of the tropospheric and stratospheric responses to all thermal forcings considered here are robust to seasonal changes in the basic state, but the amplitude and details of the responses exhibit noticeable differences between equinoctial and wintertime conditions. Additionally, the responses exhibit marked nonlinearity in the sense that the response to multiple thermal forcings applied simultaneously is quantitatively different from the sum of the responses to the same forcings applied independently. Thus the response of the model to a given thermal forcing is demonstrably dependent on the other thermal forcings applied to the model. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Butler, Amy H AU - J Thompson, David W AU - Heikes, Ross AD - Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, amy.butler@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - July 2010 SP - 3474 EP - 3496 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 23 IS - 13 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Climate change KW - Forcing KW - Climate models KW - Fluxes KW - Waves KW - atmospheric KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Storms KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Nonlinearity KW - Seasonal variations KW - Extratropical cyclones KW - Temperature effects KW - Heat flux KW - Polar vortexes KW - anthropogenic factors KW - Simulation KW - Troposphere KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change KW - Polar environments KW - Stratosphere KW - Anthropogenic climate changes KW - PN, Arctic KW - Storm tracks KW - Numerical simulations KW - General circulation models KW - Atmospheric forcing KW - Global warming KW - latitude KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754531602?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=The+Steady-State+Atmospheric+Circulation+Response+to+Climate+Change-like+Thermal+Forcings+in+a+Simple+General+Circulation+Model&rft.au=Butler%2C+Amy+H%3BJ+Thompson%2C+David+W%3BHeikes%2C+Ross&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=3474&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JCLI3228.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Atmospheric forcing; Climate change; Anthropogenic factors; Troposphere; Nonlinearity; Atmospheric circulation; Seasonal variations; Stratosphere; Storm tracks; Heat flux; Polar vortexes; Climate models; Numerical simulations; General circulation models; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; Anthropogenic climate changes; Extratropical cyclones; anthropogenic factors; Simulation; Polar environments; Storms; Sulfur dioxide; Global warming; latitude; PN, Arctic DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JCLI3228.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interdecadal Modulation of the Impact of ENSO on Precipitation and Temperature over the United States AN - 754531534; 13209977 AB - Data from observations and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) twentieth-century climate change model [phase 3 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP3)] simulations were analyzed to examine the decadal changes of the impact of ENSO on air temperature T sub(air) and precipitation P over the United States. The comparison of composites for the early period (1915-60) and the recent period (1962-2006) indicates that cooling (warming) over the south and warming (cooling) over the north during ENSO warm (cold) winters have been weakening. The ENSO influence on winter P over the Southwest is strengthening, while the impact on P over the Ohio Valley is weakening for the recent decades. These differences are not due to the long-term trends in T sub(air) or P; they are attributed to the occurrence of the central Pacific (CPAC) ENSO events in the recent years. The CPAC ENSO differs from the canonical eastern Pacific (EPAC) ENSO. The EPAC ENSO has a sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) maximum in the eastern Pacific. Enhanced convection extends from the date line to the eastern Pacific, with negative anomalies in the western Pacific. The atmospheric responses resemble a tropical Northern Hemisphere pattern. The wave train is consistent with the north-south T sub(air) contrast over North America during the EPAC ENSO winters. The CPAC ENSO has enhanced convection in the central Pacific. The atmospheric responses show a Pacific-North American pattern. It is consistent with west-east contrast in T sub(air) and more rainfall over the Southwest during the CPAC ENSO winters. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Mo, Kingtse C AD - NOAA/NWS/NCEP/Climate Prediction Center, Camp Springs, Maryland, kingtse.mo@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - July 2010 SP - 3639 EP - 3656 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 23 IS - 13 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Interdecadal variability KW - ENSO KW - Model evaluation/performance KW - Precipitation KW - Temperature KW - Convection KW - Cold winters KW - air temperature KW - Rainfall KW - Climate change KW - Convection development KW - Air temperature KW - Sea surface temperature anomalies KW - Wave trains KW - El Nino KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Hydrologic Data KW - El Nino phenomena KW - Marine KW - I, Central Pacific KW - composite materials KW - Climate models KW - valleys KW - Climates KW - Simulation KW - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change KW - convection KW - Cooling KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Model Studies KW - Southern Oscillation KW - winter KW - Numerical simulations KW - El Nino-Southern Oscillation event KW - Temperature anomalies KW - USA, Ohio KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 0815:Precipitation KW - O 2070:Meteorology KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754531534?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Interdecadal+Modulation+of+the+Impact+of+ENSO+on+Precipitation+and+Temperature+over+the+United+States&rft.au=Mo%2C+Kingtse+C&rft.aulast=Mo&rft.aufirst=Kingtse&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=3639&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JCLI3553.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wave trains; Climate change; Ocean-atmosphere system; Temperature anomalies; Air temperature; Ecosystem disturbance; El Nino phenomena; Southern Oscillation; Cold winters; Sea surface temperature anomalies; Climate models; Numerical simulations; El Nino-Southern Oscillation event; Convection development; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; Precipitation; composite materials; winter; air temperature; valleys; Rainfall; Temperature; Simulation; convection; Convection; El Nino; Climates; Hydrologic Data; Cooling; Model Studies; I, Central Pacific; USA, Ohio; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JCLI3553.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - GDP and the Economy: Third Estimates for the First Quarter of 2010 AN - 754080648; 2010-610716 AB - Real Gross domestic product (GDP) increased 2.7 percent in the first quarter of 2010, according to the "third" estimates of the national income and product accounts (NIPAs). The increase was revised down 0.3 percentage point from the "second" estimate. In the fourth quarter of 2009, real GDP increased 5.6 percent. The deceleration in real GDP in the first quarter primarily reflected decelerations in inventory investment and in exports, a downturn in residential fixed investment, a deceleration in nonresidential fixed investment, and a larger decrease in state and local government spending that were partly offset by an acceleration in consumer spending. Adapted from the source document. JF - Survey of Current Business AU - Swann, Christopher Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - July 2010 SP - 1 EP - 19 PB - Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Dept of Commerce VL - 90 IS - 7 SN - 0039-6222, 0039-6222 KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions KW - Banking and public and private finance - Investments and securities KW - Government - Local and municipal government KW - Economic conditions and policy - Consumers and consumption KW - Business and service sector - Accounting KW - Banking and public and private finance - Public finance KW - United States KW - National income KW - Investments KW - Local government KW - Consumers KW - Inventory KW - Economic conditions KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754080648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Survey+of+Current+Business&rft.atitle=GDP+and+the+Economy%3A+Third+Estimates+for+the+First+Quarter+of+2010&rft.au=Swann%2C+Christopher&rft.aulast=Swann&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Survey+of+Current+Business&rft.issn=00396222&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-10 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States; Economic conditions; Investments; Local government; Consumers; Inventory; National income ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Direct Investment Positions for 2009 Country and Industry Detail AN - 754077317; 2010-610717 AB - In 2009, the U.S. direct investment abroad historical-cost position grew 9 percent, up from 8 percent growth in 2008. The foreign direct investment in the United States historical-cost position grew 7 percent after growing 5 percent in 2008. Growth in the U.S. direct investment abroad-or "outward"-position accelerated even though equity investment dropped sharply and reinvested earnings were unchanged. The acceleration resulted largely because appreciation of the U.S. dollar against major currencies reduced growth in the position in 2008, while depreciation of the dollar boosted the position in 2009. The stronger growth in the foreign direct investment in the United States-or "inward"-position, which occurred even though equity investment declined sharply, reflected a shift to small capital gains in 2009 from capital losses in 2008, when there were large write-downs of assets by financial affiliates as a result V of turbulence in financial markets. Adapted from the source document. JF - Survey of Current Business AU - Ibarra-Caton, Marilyn Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - July 2010 SP - 20 EP - 35 PB - Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Dept of Commerce VL - 90 IS - 7 SN - 0039-6222, 0039-6222 KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions KW - Banking and public and private finance - Investments and securities KW - Economic conditions and policy - Property and wealth KW - Law and ethics - Ethics KW - Business and service sector - Accounting KW - United States KW - Depreciation KW - Investments KW - Business conditions KW - Foreign investments KW - Capital KW - Equity KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754077317?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Survey+of+Current+Business&rft.atitle=Direct+Investment+Positions+for+2009+Country+and+Industry+Detail&rft.au=Ibarra-Caton%2C+Marilyn&rft.aulast=Ibarra-Caton&rft.aufirst=Marilyn&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Survey+of+Current+Business&rft.issn=00396222&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-10 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States; Business conditions; Investments; Capital; Equity; Foreign investments; Depreciation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field survey of the Samoa tsunami of 29 September 2009 AN - 753852014; 2010-070271 JF - Seismological Research Letters AU - Okal, Emile A AU - Fritz, Hermann M AU - Synolakis, Costas E AU - Borrero, Jose C AU - Weiss, Robert AU - Lynett, Patrick J AU - Titov, Vasily V AU - Foteinis, Spyros AU - Jaffe, Bruce E AU - Liu, Philip L F AU - Chan, I-chi Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - July 2010 SP - 577 EP - 591 PB - Seismological Society of America, El Cerrito, CA VL - 81 IS - 4 SN - 0895-0695, 0895-0695 KW - tsunamis KW - technology KW - geologic hazards KW - Samoa KW - damage KW - elastic waves KW - plate tectonics KW - seismicity KW - seismic risk KW - Oceania KW - risk assessment KW - Polynesia KW - earthquakes KW - instruments KW - amplitude KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/753852014?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Field+survey+of+the+Samoa+tsunami+of+29+September+2009&rft.au=Okal%2C+Emile+A%3BFritz%2C+Hermann+M%3BSynolakis%2C+Costas+E%3BBorrero%2C+Jose+C%3BWeiss%2C+Robert%3BLynett%2C+Patrick+J%3BTitov%2C+Vasily+V%3BFoteinis%2C+Spyros%3BJaffe%2C+Bruce+E%3BLiu%2C+Philip+L+F%3BChan%2C+I-chi&rft.aulast=Okal&rft.aufirst=Emile&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=577&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Seismological+Research+Letters&rft.issn=08950695&rft_id=info:doi/10.1785%2Fgssrl.81.4.577 L2 - http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Seismological Society of America | Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amplitude; damage; earthquakes; elastic waves; geologic hazards; instruments; Oceania; plate tectonics; Polynesia; risk assessment; Samoa; seismic risk; seismicity; technology; tsunamis DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.81.4.577 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modifications to the NIST reference measurement procedure (RMP) for the determination of serum glucose by isotope dilution gas chromatography/mass spectrometry AN - 753653098; 13324781 AB - Abstract not available. JF - Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry AU - Prendergast, Jocelyn L AU - Sniegoski, Lorna T AU - Welch, Michael J AU - Phinney, Karen W AD - Analytical Chemistry Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8392, USA, jocelyn.prendergast@nist.gov PY - 2010 SP - 1779 EP - 1785 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 397 IS - 5 SN - 1618-2642, 1618-2642 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Analytical Methods KW - Glucose KW - Wastewater Disposal KW - Gas Chromatography KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/753653098?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+and+Bioanalytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Modifications+to+the+NIST+reference+measurement+procedure+%28RMP%29+for+the+determination+of+serum+glucose+by+isotope+dilution+gas+chromatography%2Fmass+spectrometry&rft.au=Prendergast%2C+Jocelyn+L%3BSniegoski%2C+Lorna+T%3BWelch%2C+Michael+J%3BPhinney%2C+Karen+W&rft.aulast=Prendergast&rft.aufirst=Jocelyn&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=397&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1779&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+and+Bioanalytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=16182642&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00216-010-3710-z L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/k5442hv623756818/?p=2f5688df50f241b2aca6d81616bb10b6&pi=19 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mass Spectrometry; Analytical Methods; Glucose; Wastewater Disposal; Gas Chromatography DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-010-3710-z ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An LC-ESI/MS method for determining theanine in green tea dietary supplements AN - 753652591; 13324780 AB - Abstract not available. JF - Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry AU - Bedner, Mary AU - Sander, Lane C AU - Sharpless, Katherine E AD - Analytical Chemistry Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8392, USA, mary.bedner@nist.gov PY - 2010 SP - 1773 EP - 1777 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 397 IS - 5 SN - 1618-2642, 1618-2642 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Technology KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0810:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/753652591?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+and+Bioanalytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=An+LC-ESI%2FMS+method+for+determining+theanine+in+green+tea+dietary+supplements&rft.au=Bedner%2C+Mary%3BSander%2C+Lane+C%3BSharpless%2C+Katherine+E&rft.aulast=Bedner&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=397&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1773&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+and+Bioanalytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=16182642&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00216-010-3713-9 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/w52860078x387128/?p=2f5688df50f241b2aca6d81616bb10b6&pi=18 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-010-3713-9 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global Nutrient Export from WaterSheds 2 (NEWS 2): Model development and implementation AN - 746002524; 13027262 AB - Global NEWS is a global, spatially explicit, multi-element and multi-form model of nutrient exports by rivers. Here we present NEWS 2, the new version of Global NEWS developed as part of a Millennium Ecosystem Assessment scenario implementation from hindcast (1970) to contemporary (2000) and future scenario trajectories (2030 & 2050). We provide a detailed model description and present an overview of enhancements to input datasets, emphasizing an integrated view of nutrient form sub-models and contrasts with previous NEWS models (NEWS 1). An important difference with NEWS 1 is our unified model framework (multi-element, multi-form) that facilitates detailed watershed comparisons regionally and by element or form. NEWS 2 performs approximately as well as NEWS 1 while incorporating previously uncharacterized factors. Although contemporary global river export estimates for dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and particulates show notable reductions, they are within the range of previous studies; global exports for other nutrient forms are comparable to NEWS 1. NEWS 2 can be used as an effective tool to examine the impact of polices to reduce coastal eutrophication at regional to global scales. Continued enhancements will focus on the incorporation of other forms and sub-basin spatial variability in drivers and retention processes. JF - Environmental Modelling & Software AU - Mayorga, Emilio AU - Seitzinger, Sybil P AU - Harrison, John A AU - Dumont, Egon AU - Beusen, Arthur HW AU - Bouwman, A F AU - Fekete, Balazs M AU - Kroeze, Carolien AU - Van Drecht, Gerard AD - Rutgers/NOAA CMER Program, Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 71 Dudley Rd., New Brunswick, NJ 08901-8521, USA Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - Jul 2010 SP - 837 EP - 853 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK VL - 25 IS - 7 SN - 1364-8152, 1364-8152 KW - Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Global NEWS KW - Nutrients KW - Millennium ecosystem assessment scenarios KW - Basin models KW - Global river exports KW - Coastal inputs KW - Variability KW - Ecosystems KW - Eutrophication KW - Particulates KW - Watersheds KW - Spatial variations KW - Computer programs KW - Assessments KW - police KW - Modelling KW - Rivers KW - exports KW - ecosystem assessment KW - Export KW - Model Studies KW - Coastal zone KW - Nutrients (mineral) KW - Nitrogen KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - Q2 09186:Chemistry of suspended matter UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746002524?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software&rft.atitle=Global+Nutrient+Export+from+WaterSheds+2+%28NEWS+2%29%3A+Model+development+and+implementation&rft.au=Mayorga%2C+Emilio%3BSeitzinger%2C+Sybil+P%3BHarrison%2C+John+A%3BDumont%2C+Egon%3BBeusen%2C+Arthur+HW%3BBouwman%2C+A+F%3BFekete%2C+Balazs+M%3BKroeze%2C+Carolien%3BVan+Drecht%2C+Gerard&rft.aulast=Mayorga&rft.aufirst=Emilio&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=837&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software&rft.issn=13648152&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.envsoft.2010.01.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Spatial variations; Eutrophication; Nutrients (mineral); Watersheds; Modelling; Rivers; Computer programs; Coastal zone; exports; police; Particulates; ecosystem assessment; Nitrogen; Variability; Ecosystems; Assessments; Nutrients; Export; Model Studies DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2010.01.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transcriptome Profiles: Diagnostic Signature of Dolphin Populations AN - 745725420; 13099876 AB - Peripheral blood leukocyte samples were collected from 151 common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in the course of capture/release health evaluation studies at four different sites: Charleston Harbor, SC; Indian River Lagoon, FL; Sarasota Bay, FL; and St. Joseph Bay, FL. RNA was extracted and hybridized to a first-generation dolphin microarray. We tested the hypothesis that individual dolphins could be assigned to their home regions (by machine learning methods) using only their transcriptomic signatures as classifiers. The machine learning approaches used in this study were artificial neural networks (ANNs) which were able to identify gene expression differences in males and females in some geographical locations. As the sex ratios sampled in each location were not the same and could influence the classification of individuals to locations, males and females at each location were considered separately. ANNs were able to correctly classify dolphins according to their site of sampling with a high degree of confidence. The basis for this result may lie in genetic differences between populations, or in environmental factors (including for example diet, infection, contaminant load, or exposure to biotoxins) or in combinations of these factors. These results suggest that a combination of microarrays and machine learning analytical approaches will be a powerful approach to understanding the interaction of dolphins with the marine environment. JF - Estuaries and Coasts AU - Mancia, Annalaura AU - Warr, Gregory W AU - Almeida, Jonas S AU - Veloso, Artur AU - Wells, Randall S AU - Chapman, Robert W AD - The South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC, 29412, USA, chapmanr@dnr.sc.gov Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - July 2010 SP - 919 EP - 929 PB - Estuarine Research Federation, 490 Chippingwood Dr. Port Republic MD 20676-2140 USA VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 1559-2723, 1559-2723 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - ASW, USA, Florida, Indian River Lagoon KW - ASW, USA, Florida, Sarasota Bay KW - Marine Environment KW - dolphins KW - Tursiops truncatus KW - Infection KW - Lagoons KW - DNA microarrays KW - Gene expression KW - Population genetics KW - Neural Networks KW - Marine environment KW - infection KW - neural networks KW - Learning algorithms KW - Sampling KW - Populations KW - Coasts KW - Diets KW - Marine KW - Artificial intelligence KW - environmental factors KW - Sex ratio KW - Neural networks KW - Biological poisons KW - Estuaries KW - Leukocytes KW - ANW, USA, South Carolina, Charleston, Charleston Harbor KW - sex ratio KW - Peripheral blood KW - Toxicity KW - Coastal zone KW - Marine Mammals KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Marine mammals KW - classification KW - Coastal lagoons KW - Q1 08443:Population genetics KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - O 1080:Multi-disciplinary Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745725420?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries+and+Coasts&rft.atitle=Transcriptome+Profiles%3A+Diagnostic+Signature+of+Dolphin+Populations&rft.au=Mancia%2C+Annalaura%3BWarr%2C+Gregory+W%3BAlmeida%2C+Jonas+S%3BVeloso%2C+Artur%3BWells%2C+Randall+S%3BChapman%2C+Robert+W&rft.aulast=Mancia&rft.aufirst=Annalaura&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=919&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries+and+Coasts&rft.issn=15592723&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12237-010-9287-0 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gene expression; Population genetics; Sex ratio; Biological poisons; Marine mammals; Leukocytes; Estuaries; Coastal lagoons; Neural networks; Peripheral blood; Sampling; Learning algorithms; Infection; DNA microarrays; Coasts; Diets; environmental factors; Artificial intelligence; Coastal zone; Marine environment; dolphins; classification; infection; sex ratio; neural networks; Lagoons; Marine Environment; Neural Networks; Marine Mammals; Water Pollution Effects; Toxicity; Populations; Tursiops truncatus; ASW, USA, Florida, Indian River Lagoon; ASW, USA, Florida, Sarasota Bay; ANW, USA, South Carolina, Charleston, Charleston Harbor; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12237-010-9287-0 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Juvenile Salmonid Use of Reconnected Tidal Freshwater Wetlands in Grays River, Lower Columbia River Basin AN - 745724411; 13206293 AB - Degraded wetland systems with impaired hydraulic connections have resulted in diminished habitat opportunity for salmonid fishes and other native flora and fauna in the Pacific Northwest. Many of these lost habitats were once intertidal freshwater marshes and swamps. Restoration of these systems is effected in part by reestablishing tidal processes that promote connectivity, with a central goal of restoring rearing habitat for juvenile Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. In the Grays River tidal freshwater system of Washington, we measured hydrologic changes that resulted from the removal of tide gates from diked pastureland and we determined the subsequent time series of salmonid abundance and size frequency in the restoring marshes. Dike breaching caused an immediate return of full semidiurnal tidal fluctuations to the pasturelands. Juvenile Pacific salmonids quickly expanded into this newly available habitat and used prey items that were presumably produced within the marshes. Habitat use varied by species and life history stage. Fry of chum salmon O. keta migrated rapidly through the system, whereas populations of Chinook salmon O. tshawytscha and coho salmon O. kisutch resided from March to at least July and were composed of fry, fingerlings, and (for coho salmon) yearlings. Based on salmon size at date and the timing of hatchery releases, we concluded that most salmon sampled in restored and reference sites were the progeny of natural spawners. However, the presence of adipose-fin-clipped Chinook salmon indicated that hatchery-raised fish originating outside the Grays River system also used the restoring wetland habitat. Because of extensive mixing of stocks through hatchery practices, genetic analyses did not provide additional insight into the origins of the Chinook salmon but did reveal that out-migrating juveniles were an admixed population composed of lower Columbia River ancestry and nonindigenous Rogue River stock. Restoration of tidal wetlands in the Columbia River estuary will improve overall ecosystem connectivity and reduce habitat fragmentation and may therefore increase survival of a variety of Pacific salmon stocks during migration. JF - Transactions of the American Fisheries Society AU - Roegner, GCurtis AU - Dawley, Earl W AU - Russell, Micah AU - Whiting, Allan AU - Teel, David J AD - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration-Fisheries, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Point Adams Biological Field Station, Box 155, Hammond, Oregon 97121, USA, curtis.roegner@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - Jul 2010 SP - 1211 EP - 1232 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA VL - 139 IS - 4 SN - 0002-8487, 0002-8487 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Hydraulics KW - Food organisms KW - fauna KW - Anadromous species KW - Freshwater KW - Habitat selection KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Population genetics KW - USA, Oregon, Rogue R. KW - Habitat utilization KW - Wetlands KW - Salmon KW - Rivers KW - Diurnal variations KW - time series analysis KW - Freshwater environments KW - Estuaries KW - Brackish KW - prey KW - River basins KW - Habitat KW - Aquatic Habitats KW - Habitat improvement KW - salmon KW - Fish KW - survival KW - Oncorhynchus kisutch KW - Oncorhynchus keta KW - abundance KW - River Systems KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - INE, USA, Washington KW - Habitat fragmentation KW - INE, USA, Pacific Northwest KW - habitat fragmentation KW - INE, USA, Columbia Estuary KW - Habitats KW - Swamps KW - Marine KW - migration KW - flora KW - Spawning populations KW - life history KW - Marshes KW - Tides KW - Hatcheries KW - USA, Columbia R. basin KW - Migrations KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - SW 6030:Hydraulic machinery UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745724411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.atitle=Juvenile+Salmonid+Use+of+Reconnected+Tidal+Freshwater+Wetlands+in+Grays+River%2C+Lower+Columbia+River+Basin&rft.au=Roegner%2C+GCurtis%3BDawley%2C+Earl+W%3BRussell%2C+Micah%3BWhiting%2C+Allan%3BTeel%2C+David+J&rft.aulast=Roegner&rft.aufirst=GCurtis&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=139&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.issn=00028487&rft_id=info:doi/10.1577%2FT09-082.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Food organisms; Population genetics; Habitat improvement; Spawning populations; Anadromous species; Estuaries; Migrations; Wetlands; Marshes; Habitat selection; Hatcheries; Rivers; Freshwater environments; River basins; Habitat utilization; Habitat; Habitat fragmentation; migration; Hydraulics; Diurnal variations; time series analysis; flora; fauna; life history; prey; Tides; habitat fragmentation; salmon; Fish; survival; Swamps; abundance; Salmon; Habitats; River Systems; Aquatic Habitats; Fish Hatcheries; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; Oncorhynchus kisutch; Oncorhynchus keta; USA, Columbia R. basin; INE, USA, Columbia Estuary; USA, Oregon, Rogue R.; INE, USA, Washington; INE, USA, Pacific Northwest; Freshwater; Brackish; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T09-082.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - High-grading bias: subtle problems with assessing power of selected subsets of loci for population assignment AN - 745724224; 13192117 AB - AbstractRecognition of the importance of cross-validation ('any technique or instance of assessing how the results of a statistical analysis will generalize to an independent dataset'; Wiktionary, en.wiktionary.org) is one reason that the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission requires all investment products to carry some variation of the disclaimer, 'Past performance is no guarantee of future results.' Even a cursory examination of financial behaviour, however, demonstrates that this warning is regularly ignored, even by those who understand what an independent dataset is. In the natural sciences, an analogue to predicting future returns for an investment strategy is predicting power of a particular algorithm to perform with new data. Once again, the key to developing an unbiased assessment of future performance is through testing with independent data-that is, data that were in no way involved in developing the method in the first place. A 'gold-standard' approach to cross-validation is to divide the data into two parts, one used to develop the algorithm, the other used to test its performance. Because this approach substantially reduces the sample size that can be used in constructing the algorithm, researchers often try other variations of cross-validation to accomplish the same ends. As illustrated by Anderson in this issue of Molecular Ecology Resources, however, not all attempts at cross-validation produce the desired result. Anderson used simulated data to evaluate performance of several software programs designed to identify subsets of loci that can be effective for assigning individuals to population of origin based on multilocus genetic data. Such programs are likely to become increasingly popular as researchers seek ways to streamline routine analyses by focusing on small sets of loci that contain most of the desired signal. Anderson found that although some of the programs made an attempt at cross-validation, all failed to meet the 'gold standard' of using truly independent data and therefore produced overly optimistic assessments of power of the selected set of loci-a phenomenon known as 'high grading bias.' JF - Molecular Ecology AU - Waples, Robin S AD - NOAA Fisheries, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, 2725 Montlake Blvd. East, Seattle, WA 98112, USA, robin.waples@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - Jul 2010 SP - 2599 EP - 2601 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 19 IS - 13 SN - 0962-1083, 0962-1083 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Computer programs KW - software KW - Data processing KW - Algorithms KW - Statistical analysis KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - G 07750:Ecological & Population Genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745724224?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Ecology&rft.atitle=High-grading+bias%3A+subtle+problems+with+assessing+power+of+selected+subsets+of+loci+for+population+assignment&rft.au=Waples%2C+Robin+S&rft.aulast=Waples&rft.aufirst=Robin&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=2599&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Ecology&rft.issn=09621083&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-294X.2010.04675.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-26 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Computer programs; software; Data processing; Statistical analysis; Algorithms DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04675.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Homing and Spawning Site Selection by Supplemented Hatchery- and Natural-Origin Yakima River Spring Chinook Salmon AN - 745723280; 13206305 AB - It is well known that salmon home to their natal rivers for spawning, but the spatial scale of homing within a river basin is poorly understood and the interaction between natal site fidelity and habitat-based spawning site selection has not been elucidated. Understanding the complex trade-offs among homing to the natal site, spawning site selection, competition for sites, and mate choice is especially important in the context of hatchery supplementation efforts to reestablish self-sustaining natural spawning populations. To address these questions, we examined the homing patterns of supplemented Yakima River spring Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha released from satellite acclimation facilities after common initial rearing at a central facility. Final spawning location depended strongly on where fish were released as smolts within the upper Yakima River basin, but many fish also spawned in the vicinity of the central rearing hatchery, suggesting that some fish imprinted to this site. While homing was clearly evident, the majority (55.1%) of the hatchery fish were recovered more than 25 km from their release sites, often in spawning areas used by wild conspecifics. Hatchery and wild fish displayed remarkably similar spawning distributions despite very different imprinting histories, and the highest spawning densities of both hatchery and wild fish occurred in the same river sections. These results suggest that genetics, environmental and social factors, or requirements for specific spawning habitat may ultimately override the instinct to home to the site of rearing or release. JF - Transactions of the American Fisheries Society AU - Dittman, Andrew H AU - May, Darran AU - Larsen, Donald A AU - Moser, Mary L AU - Johnston, Mark AU - Fast, David AD - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Fisheries, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, 2725 Montlake Boulevard East, Seattle, Washington 98112, USA, andy.dittman@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - July 2010 SP - 1014 EP - 1028 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA VL - 139 IS - 4 SN - 0002-8487, 0002-8487 KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - River Basins KW - Anadromous species KW - Freshwater KW - Habitat selection KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - USA, Washington, Yakima R. KW - Fish culture KW - Salmon KW - Rivers KW - Site Selection KW - instinct KW - Smolts KW - Spawning grounds KW - River basins KW - Site fidelity KW - Habitat KW - salmon KW - Fish KW - site selection KW - Sexual selection KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - Homing behaviour KW - spawning KW - Genetics KW - History KW - Reproductive behaviour KW - USA, Washington, Yakima R. basin KW - Homing behavior KW - Spawning populations KW - Spawning KW - Site selection KW - Hatcheries KW - Acclimation KW - conspecifics KW - competition KW - Y 25020:Territory, Reproduction and Sociality KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - SW 4020:Evaluation process KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture KW - O 5060:Aquaculture KW - Q1 08582:Fish culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745723280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.atitle=Homing+and+Spawning+Site+Selection+by+Supplemented+Hatchery-+and+Natural-Origin+Yakima+River+Spring+Chinook+Salmon&rft.au=Dittman%2C+Andrew+H%3BMay%2C+Darran%3BLarsen%2C+Donald+A%3BMoser%2C+Mary+L%3BJohnston%2C+Mark%3BFast%2C+David&rft.aulast=Dittman&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=139&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1014&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.issn=00028487&rft_id=info:doi/10.1577%2FT09-159.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hatcheries; Sexual selection; Spawning populations; Anadromous species; Spawning grounds; Smolts; Homing behaviour; Reproductive behaviour; Habitat selection; Fish culture; Site selection; Rivers; Acclimation; Homing behavior; Site fidelity; River basins; Spawning; Habitat; Genetics; instinct; salmon; Fish; site selection; spawning; conspecifics; competition; Salmon; River Basins; Site Selection; History; Fish Hatcheries; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; USA, Washington, Yakima R.; USA, Washington, Yakima R. basin; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T09-159.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Effects of a Surgically Implanted Microacoustic Tag on Growth and Survival in Subyearling Fall Chinook Salmon AN - 745723189; 13206296 AB - The objective of this study was to evaluate a newly miniaturized prototype of an implantable acoustic tag for use in subyearling hatchery Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha. In 2003, when the study was conducted, the relatively large size of most acoustic tags limited their use in juvenile fish. We evaluated this miniaturized prototype tag (21 7 6 mm, 0.9 g in air) for effects on growth, survival, and tag retention. All fish were passive integrated transponder (PIT) tagged in accordance with the proposed practical application in which PIT-tagged fish from known sources were separated from the general migrating population. The PIT tags also permitted tracking of individual fish growth in relation to treatment. We compared growth and acoustic tag retention over 30 d among tagged, sham-tagged, and control fish. Ratio of tag weight to body weight ranged from 2.6% to 5.9% at tagging. The acoustic tag significantly affected growth (P = 0.001 for both length and weight differences), but no fish died as a result of the tagging. Partial to complete tag expulsion was noted in 37% of the tagged fish after 30 d. Our study showed that impeded growth and tag expulsion may affect the successful use of this tag size in juvenile Chinook salmon. This evaluation led to physical tag modifications that improved biological acceptance by the fish, thus facilitating the tag's use in applied studies. Implanted devices should be evaluated before use to ensure compatibility and to avoid data misinterpretations due to their effects on the fish. JF - Transactions of the American Fisheries Society AU - Frost, Deborah A AU - McComas, RLynn AU - Sandford, Benjamin P AD - National Marine Fisheries Service, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Resource Enhancement and Utilization Technologies Division, Manchester Research Station, Post Office Box 130, Manchester, Washington 98353, USA, debbie.frost@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - Jul 2010 SP - 1192 EP - 1197 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA VL - 139 IS - 4 SN - 0002-8487, 0002-8487 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Growth rate KW - Marine KW - Data processing KW - Acoustics KW - Sonic tags KW - Anadromous species KW - Stock assessment KW - Brackish KW - Survival KW - Freshwater KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Tracking KW - Hatcheries KW - Population genetics KW - Body weight KW - Body size KW - Q1 08443:Population genetics KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - O 1080:Multi-disciplinary Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745723189?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.atitle=The+Effects+of+a+Surgically+Implanted+Microacoustic+Tag+on+Growth+and+Survival+in+Subyearling+Fall+Chinook+Salmon&rft.au=Frost%2C+Deborah+A%3BMcComas%2C+RLynn%3BSandford%2C+Benjamin+P&rft.aulast=Frost&rft.aufirst=Deborah&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=139&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1192&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.issn=00028487&rft_id=info:doi/10.1577%2FT09-118.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Population genetics; Body weight; Sonic tags; Anadromous species; Stock assessment; Body size; Survival; Tracking; Hatcheries; Data processing; Acoustics; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; Freshwater; Brackish; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T09-118.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inorganic and Organic Nitrogen Use by Phytoplankton Along Chesapeake Bay, Measured Using a Flow Cytometric Sorting Approach AN - 745713675; 13099870 AB - Two different approaches to measuring phytoplankton nitrogen (N) use were compared in late summer 2004 along the main axis of Chesapeake Bay. Uptake of super(15)N-labeled ammonium and nitrate and dual-labeled ( super(15)N and super(13)C) urea and dissolved free amino acids (DFAA) were measured in surface water samples from upper, mid, and lower bay stations. Two distinct methods were used to assess the relative uptake of N substrates by phytoplankton and correct for bacterial artifacts: (1) traditional filtration using Whatman glass fiber (GF/F) filters and (2) flow cytometric (FCM) sorting of chlorophyll-containing cells. The concentration of dissolved inorganic N (DIN) decreased with distance south along the bay, whereas dissolved organic N (DON) concentrations were relatively constant. Absolute N uptake rates measured using the traditional approach exceeded those of FCM-sorted phytoplankton, thereby suggesting the possibility of bacterial 'contamination.' Ammonium was the dominant N form used throughout the transect, although FCM-sorted phytoplankton relied more on urea and DFAA as the ratio of DON/DIN increased toward the bay mouth. Overall, ammonium comprised 74 plus or minus 17%, urea 10 plus or minus 9%, DFAA 9 plus or minus 7%, and nitrate 7c12% of total measured N uptake by phytoplankton. Results suggest that bacteria relied primarily on DFAA and ammonium for N nutrition but also used N from urea at a rate similar to that of phytoplankton, whereas bacterial nitrate uptake was insignificant. On average, phytoplankton uptake of ammonium, urea, and DFAA was overestimated by 61%, 53%, and 135%, respectively, as a result of bacterial retention on GF/F filters. JF - Estuaries and Coasts AU - Bradley, Paul B AU - Lomas, Michael W AU - Bronk, Deborah A AD - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 1305 East West Highway, Rm. 13401, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20910, USA, paul.bradley@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - Jul 2010 SP - 971 EP - 984 PB - Estuarine Research Federation, 490 Chippingwood Dr. Port Republic MD 20676-2140 USA VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 1559-2723, 1559-2723 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Chlorophylls KW - Contamination KW - Phytoplankton KW - Flow cytometry KW - urea KW - Absorption KW - Ammonium compounds KW - Ammonium KW - Amino acids KW - Estuaries KW - Brackish KW - ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay KW - Coastal zone KW - Uptake KW - Nitrogen isotopes KW - Nitrogen KW - Nitrate KW - Ureas KW - Surface water KW - Urea KW - Nutrition KW - artifacts KW - organic nitrogen KW - Mouth KW - Coasts KW - Bacteria KW - Plankton surveys KW - Nitrates KW - Organic nitrogen KW - Filters KW - Fibers KW - Filtration KW - summer KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q2 09184:Composition of water KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - Q1 08481:Productivity KW - K 03320:Cell Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745713675?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries+and+Coasts&rft.atitle=Inorganic+and+Organic+Nitrogen+Use+by+Phytoplankton+Along+Chesapeake+Bay%2C+Measured+Using+a+Flow+Cytometric+Sorting+Approach&rft.au=Bradley%2C+Paul+B%3BLomas%2C+Michael+W%3BBronk%2C+Deborah+A&rft.aulast=Bradley&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=971&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries+and+Coasts&rft.issn=15592723&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs12237-009-9252-y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Plankton surveys; Chlorophylls; Organic nitrogen; Uptake; Phytoplankton; Nitrogen isotopes; Nutrition; Ammonium compounds; Ammonium; Nitrate; Amino acids; Contamination; Surface water; Estuaries; Urea; Flow cytometry; Filters; Fibers; Filtration; Mouth; Nitrogen; Coasts; Nitrates; artifacts; Coastal zone; urea; summer; organic nitrogen; Bacteria; Ureas; Absorption; ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12237-009-9252-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing the power of informative subsets of loci for population assignment: standard methods are upwardly biased AN - 744625595; 13145347 AB - AbstractIt is well known that statistical classification procedures should be assessed using data that are separate from those used to train the classifier. This principle is commonly overlooked when the classification procedure in question is population assignment using a set of genetic markers that were chosen specifically on the basis of their allele frequencies from amongst a larger number of candidate markers. This oversight leads to a systematic upward bias in the predicted accuracy of the chosen set of markers for population assignment. Three widely used software programs for selecting markers informative for population assignment suffer from this bias. The extent of this bias is documented through a small set of simulations. The relative effect of the bias is largest when screening many candidate loci from poorly differentiated populations. Simple unbiased methods are presented and their use encouraged. JF - Molecular Ecology Resources AU - Anderson, E C AD - Fisheries Ecology Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, 110 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA and Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA, eric.anderson@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - Jul 2010 SP - 701 EP - 710 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 10 IS - 4 SN - 1755-098X, 1755-098X KW - Ecology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Computer programs KW - Population genetics KW - software KW - Data processing KW - Statistics KW - Classification KW - Genetic markers KW - Gene frequency KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - G 07780:Fungi UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/744625595?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Ecology+Resources&rft.atitle=Assessing+the+power+of+informative+subsets+of+loci+for+population+assignment%3A+standard+methods+are+upwardly+biased&rft.au=Anderson%2C+E+C&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=701&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+Ecology+Resources&rft.issn=1755098X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1755-0998.2010.02846.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-26 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Population genetics; Computer programs; software; Statistics; Data processing; Classification; Genetic markers; Gene frequency DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02846.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The influence of pelagic habitat selection and interspecific competition on productivity of juvenile walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) and capelin (Mallotus villosus) in the Gulf of Alaska AN - 744623895; 13057984 AB - AbstractHere we investigate processes affecting productivity of capelin and walleye pollock in the Gulf of Alaska. We examine pelagic habitat selection by comparing the distribution of juvenile fish and their prey with oceanographic properties and we evaluate the potential for interspecific competition by comparing diets and measures of foraging. The primary field study was conducted in Barnabus Trough, Kodiak Island, Alaska, during September 2005. The distribution of fish was assessed acoustically and trawls were used to collect individual fish for stomach content analyses. Physical and biological data were collected with conductivity-temperature-depth probes and zooplankton tows. Age-0 pollock were distributed in cool waters offshore of a mid-trough front, coincident with the distribution of euphausiids, their preferred prey. In contrast, capelin and their prey (copepods) were distributed throughout the trough. We observed that sympatric capelin (occurring with pollock) often had reduced foraging success compared to allopatric capelin (occurring alone). Results of a bioenergetic model also suggest that the exclusion of capelin from foraging on euphausiids can have negative consequences for capelin growth. JF - Fisheries Oceanography AU - LOGERWELL, ELIZABETH A AU - Duffy-Anderson, Janet AU - Wilson, Matthew AU - McKelvey, Denise AD - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115-6349, USA Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - Jul 2010 SP - 262 EP - 278 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 19 IS - 4 SN - 1054-6006, 1054-6006 KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Bioenergetics KW - Probes KW - INE, USA, Alaska, Kodiak I. KW - Prey selection KW - Habitat selection KW - Models KW - Marine fish KW - Islands KW - Fishery surveys KW - Copepoda KW - Competition KW - Prey KW - Diets KW - Growth rate KW - Marine KW - Plankton surveys KW - Data processing KW - Theragra chalcogramma KW - Sympatric populations KW - Zooplankton KW - Stock assessment KW - prey KW - bioenergetics KW - Oceanography KW - Foraging behaviour KW - Stomach content KW - Mallotus villosus KW - habitat selection KW - Fish KW - INE, USA, Alaska, Alaska Gulf KW - Stomach KW - competition KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08423:Behaviour KW - Q4 27720:Technology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/744623895?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries+Oceanography&rft.atitle=The+influence+of+pelagic+habitat+selection+and+interspecific+competition+on+productivity+of+juvenile+walleye+pollock+%28Theragra+chalcogramma%29+and+capelin+%28Mallotus+villosus%29+in+the+Gulf+of+Alaska&rft.au=LOGERWELL%2C+ELIZABETH+A%3BDuffy-Anderson%2C+Janet%3BWilson%2C+Matthew%3BMcKelvey%2C+Denise&rft.aulast=LOGERWELL&rft.aufirst=ELIZABETH&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=262&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries+Oceanography&rft.issn=10546006&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2419.2010.00542.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 59 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Marine fish; Stomach content; Plankton surveys; Foraging behaviour; Fishery surveys; Stock assessment; Zooplankton; Prey selection; Habitat selection; Diets; Data processing; Bioenergetics; Sympatric populations; Probes; Oceanography; Models; Islands; Competition; Prey; Stomach; habitat selection; bioenergetics; prey; Fish; competition; Theragra chalcogramma; Mallotus villosus; Copepoda; INE, USA, Alaska, Kodiak I.; INE, USA, Alaska, Alaska Gulf; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2419.2010.00542.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of 3D hydrogel scaffold modulus on osteoblast differentiation and mineralization revealed by combinatorial screening. AN - 734025017; 20378163 AB - Cells are known to sense and respond to the physical properties of their environment and those of tissue scaffolds. Optimizing these cell-material interactions is critical in tissue engineering. In this work, a simple and inexpensive combinatorial platform was developed to rapidly screen three-dimensional (3D) tissue scaffolds and was applied to screen the effect of scaffold properties for tissue engineering of bone. Differentiation of osteoblasts was examined in poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogel gradients spanning a 30-fold range in compressive modulus ( approximately 10 kPa to approximately 300 kPa). Results demonstrate that material properties (gel stiffness) of scaffolds can be leveraged to induce cell differentiation in 3D culture as an alternative to biochemical cues such as soluble supplements, immobilized biomolecules and vectors, which are often expensive, labile and potentially carcinogenic. Gel moduli of approximately 225 kPa and higher enhanced osteogenesis. Furthermore, it is proposed that material-induced cell differentiation can be modulated to engineer seamless tissue interfaces between mineralized bone tissue and softer tissues such as ligaments and tendons. This work presents a combinatorial method to screen biological response to 3D hydrogel scaffolds that more closely mimics the 3D environment experienced by cells in vivo. Published by Elsevier Ltd. JF - Biomaterials AU - Chatterjee, Kaushik AU - Lin-Gibson, Sheng AU - Wallace, William E AU - Parekh, Sapun H AU - Lee, Young Jong AU - Cicerone, Marcus T AU - Young, Marian F AU - Simon, Carl G AD - Polymers Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA. Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - July 2010 SP - 5051 EP - 5062 VL - 31 IS - 19 KW - Hydrogels KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Elastic Modulus KW - Animals KW - 3T3 Cells KW - Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques KW - Cell Differentiation KW - Mice KW - Osteoblasts -- physiology KW - Mechanotransduction, Cellular -- physiology KW - Tissue Scaffolds KW - Hydrogels -- chemistry KW - Calcification, Physiologic -- physiology KW - Osteoblasts -- cytology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/734025017?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomaterials&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+3D+hydrogel+scaffold+modulus+on+osteoblast+differentiation+and+mineralization+revealed+by+combinatorial+screening.&rft.au=Chatterjee%2C+Kaushik%3BLin-Gibson%2C+Sheng%3BWallace%2C+William+E%3BParekh%2C+Sapun+H%3BLee%2C+Young+Jong%3BCicerone%2C+Marcus+T%3BYoung%2C+Marian+F%3BSimon%2C+Carl+G&rft.aulast=Chatterjee&rft.aufirst=Kaushik&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=5051&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomaterials&rft.issn=1878-5905&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.biomaterials.2010.03.024 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2010-07-27 N1 - Date created - 2010-04-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Cell Biochem. 1996 Jun 15;61(4):609-18 [8806085] Calcif Tissue Int. 1994 May;54(5):414-20 [8062160] Nat Methods. 2005 Feb;2(2):119-25 [15782209] J Control Release. 2005 Dec 5;109(1-3):139-48 [16290119] Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2006 Jun;290(6):C1640-50 [16407416] Cell. 2006 Aug 25;126(4):677-89 [16923388] J Biomed Mater Res A. 2006 Dec 15;79(4):815-26 [16886222] Cell. 2007 Jan 26;128(2):245-56 [17254964] Tissue Eng. 2006 Dec;12(12):3497-508 [17518686] Science. 2007 May 25;316(5828):1133-4 [17525324] Nat Methods. 2007 Oct;4(10):855-60 [17767164] Nat Mater. 2007 Dec;6(12):997-1003 [17891143] J Biomed Mater Res A. 2008 Apr;85(1):145-56 [17688260] Tissue Eng Part A. 2008 Feb;14(2):305-15 [18333783] Biomaterials. 2008 Jun;29(17):2597-607 [18342366] Biomaterials. 2008 Jun;29(18):2757-66 [18396331] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Jun 10;105(23):7947-52 [18541916] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 26;105(34):12170-5 [18719120] Biophys J. 2008 Nov 1;95(9):4426-38 [18658232] Oncogene. 2008 Oct 23;27(49):6322-33 [18663362] Nat Mater. 2009 Jan;8(1):15-23 [19096389] Opt Express. 2009 Jan 5;17(1):123-35 [19129880] Biomaterials. 2009 Apr;30(11):2015-22 [19178942] J Control Release. 2009 Mar 4;134(2):81-90 [19071168] Science. 2009 Apr 3;324(5923):59-63 [19342581] J Bone Miner Res. 2009 May;24(5):886-98 [19113908] Nat Mater. 2009 Jun;8(6):457-70 [19458646] Comb Chem High Throughput Screen. 2009 Jul;12(6):544-53 [19601752] Plast Reconstr Surg. 1999 Sep;104(4):1014-22 [10654741] J Biomed Mater Res. 2000 Sep 15;51(4):650-9 [10880113] J Biomed Mater Res. 2002 Jan;59(1):63-72 [11745538] J Biomed Mater Res A. 2003 Sep 1;66(3):483-90 [12918030] Nat Biotechnol. 2004 Jul;22(7):863-6 [15195101] Biomacromolecules. 2004 Jul-Aug;5(4):1280-7 [15244441] Biomaterials. 2005 Apr;26(11):1211-8 [15475050] J Cell Biol. 1983 Jan;96(1):191-8 [6826647] FASEB J. 1990 Oct;4(13):3111-23 [2210157] Front Biosci. 1999 Mar 15;4:D310-21 [10077538] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.03.024 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Ensemble Verification System (EVS): A software tool for verifying ensemble forecasts of hydrometeorological and hydrologic variables at discrete locations AN - 1777150421; 13027261 AB - Ensemble forecasting is widely used in meteorology and, increasingly, in hydrology to quantify and propagate uncertainty. In practice, ensemble forecasts cannot account for every source of uncertainty, and many uncertainties are difficult to quantify accurately. Thus, ensemble forecasts are subject to errors, which may be correlated in space and time and may be systematic. Ensemble verification is necessary to quantify these errors, and to better understand the sources of predictive error and skill in particular modeling situations. The Ensemble Verification System (EVS) is a flexible, user-friendly, software tool that is designed to verify ensemble forecasts of numeric variables, such as temperature, precipitation and streamflow. It can be applied to forecasts from any number of discrete locations, which may be issued with any frequency and lead time. The EVS can also produce and verify forecasts that are aggregated in time, such as daily precipitation totals based on hourly forecasts, and can aggregate verification statistics across several discrete locations. This paper is separated into four parts. It begins with an overview of the EVS and the structure of the Graphical User Interface. The verification metrics available in the EVS are then described. These include metrics that verify the forecast probabilities and metrics that verify the ensemble mean forecast. Several new verification metrics are also presented. Following a description of the Application Programming Interface, the procedure for adding a new metric to the EVS is briefly outlined. Finally, the EVS is illustrated with two examples from the National Weather Service (NWS), one focusing on ensemble forecasts of precipitation from the NWS Ensemble Pre-Processor and one focusing on ensemble forecasts of streamflow from the NWS Ensemble Streamflow Prediction system. The conclusions address future enhancements to, and applications of, the EVS. JF - Environmental Modelling & Software AU - Brown, James D AU - Demargne, Julie AU - Seo, Dong-Jun AU - Liu, Yuqiong AD - NOAA/National Weather Service, Office of Hydrologic Development, 1325 East-West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - July 2010 SP - 854 EP - 872 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK VL - 25 IS - 7 SN - 1364-8152, 1364-8152 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); Computer and Information Systems Abstracts (CI); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Probability forecasts KW - Forecast quality KW - Verification KW - Uncertainty KW - Java KW - Ensemble forecasting KW - Software KW - Program verification (computers) KW - Computer programs KW - Mathematical models KW - Precipitation KW - Errors KW - Mathematical analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777150421?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software&rft.atitle=The+Ensemble+Verification+System+%28EVS%29%3A+A+software+tool+for+verifying+ensemble+forecasts+of+hydrometeorological+and+hydrologic+variables+at+discrete+locations&rft.au=Brown%2C+James+D%3BDemargne%2C+Julie%3BSeo%2C+Dong-Jun%3BLiu%2C+Yuqiong&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=854&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Modelling+%26+Software&rft.issn=13648152&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.envsoft.2010.01.009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2010.01.009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dynamics and Numerical Modeling of River Plumes in Lakes AN - 1765947597; PQ0002620914 AB - Models of the fate and transport of river plumes and the bacteria they carry into lakes are developed. They are needed to enable informed decisions about beach closures to avoid economic losses, and to help design water intakes and operate combined sewer overflow schemes to obviate exposure of the public to potential pathogens. This study advances our understanding of river plumes dynamics in coastal waters by means of field studies and numerical techniques. Extensive field measurements were carried out in the swimming seasons of 2006 and 2007 on the Grand River plume as it enters Lake Michigan. Our observed results show more flow classes than included in previous studies (e.g. CORMIX). Onshore wind can have a significant effect on the plume and whether it impacts the shoreline. The new techniques advance our knowledge of the nearshore fate and transport of bacteria in the Great Lakes and can be ultimately applied to the NOAA Great Lakes Coastal Forecasting System to provide a reliable prediction tool for bacterial transport in recreational waters. JF - NOAA Technical Memorandum GLERL AU - Nekouee, Navid AD - Cooperative Institute for Limnology and Ecosystems Research, University of Michigan 4840 S. State Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48108 Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - July 2010 SP - i EP - 135 PB - U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, 2205 Commonwealth Blvd. Ann Arbor MI 48105-2945 United States VL - 151 SN - 0733-4044, 0733-4044 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Prediction KW - Overflow KW - Coastal Waters KW - Intakes KW - Freshwater KW - Lakes KW - River plumes KW - Recreational waters KW - Plumes KW - Modelling KW - Rivers KW - Bacteria KW - Mathematical models KW - USA, Illinois, Michigan L. KW - Pathogens KW - Model Studies KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1765947597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NOAA+Technical+Memorandum+GLERL&rft.atitle=Dynamics+and+Numerical+Modeling+of+River+Plumes+in+Lakes&rft.au=Nekouee%2C+Navid&rft.aulast=Nekouee&rft.aufirst=Navid&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=151&rft.issue=&rft.spage=i&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NOAA+Technical+Memorandum+GLERL&rft.issn=07334044&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Prediction; Overflow; Mathematical models; River plumes; Recreational waters; Pathogens; Modelling; Rivers; Bacteria; Lakes; Coastal Waters; Intakes; Plumes; Model Studies; North America, Great Lakes; USA, Illinois, Michigan L.; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Early Responses to Climate Change: An Analysis of Seven U.S. State and Local Climate Adaptation Planning Initiatives AN - 1705065943; PQ0001785038 AB - State and local governments in the United States manage a wide array of natural and human resources that are particularly sensitive to climate variability and change. Recent revelations of the extent of the current and potential climate impact in this realm such as with the quality of water, the structure of the coasts, and the potential and witnessed impact on the built infrastructure give these political authorities impetus to minimize their vulnerability and plan for the future. In fact, a growing number of subnational government bodies in the United States have initiated climate adaptation planning efforts; these initiatives emphasize an array of climate impacts, but at different scales, scopes, and levels of sophistication. Meanwhile, the current body of climate adaptation literature has not taken a comprehensive look at these plans nor have they questioned what prompts local adaptation planning, at what scope and scale action is being taken, or what prioritizes certain policy responses over others. This paper presents a case-based analysis of seven urban climate adaptation planning initiatives, drawing from a review of publicly available planning documents and interviews with stakeholders directly involved in the planning process to provide a preliminary understanding of these issues. The paper also offers insight into the state of implementation of adaptation strategies, highlighting the role of low upfront costs and cobenefits with issues already on the local agenda in prompting anticipatory adaptation. JF - Weather, Climate, and Society AU - Poyar, Kyle Andrew AU - Beller-Simms, Nancy AD - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Climate Program Office, Silver Spring, Maryland, and Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, poyar.kyle@gmail.com Y1 - 2010/07// PY - 2010 DA - July 2010 SP - 237 EP - 248 PB - 45 Beacon Street Boston, MA 02108-3693, Tel: 617-227-2425, Fax: 617-742-8718,, [mailto:amsinfo@ametsoc.org] VL - 2 IS - 3 SN - 1948-8335, 1948-8335 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Climate change KW - Land use KW - Decision making KW - Local effects KW - Weather KW - Stakeholders KW - Politics KW - Urban climates KW - Climate KW - Public policy and climate KW - Environmental impact KW - Water quality KW - Infrastructure KW - USA KW - Adaptability KW - Coastal zone KW - Climatic variability KW - Local climates KW - Reviews KW - Vulnerability KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1705065943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Weather%2C+Climate%2C+and+Society&rft.atitle=Early+Responses+to+Climate+Change%3A+An+Analysis+of+Seven+U.S.+State+and+Local+Climate+Adaptation+Planning+Initiatives&rft.au=Poyar%2C+Kyle+Andrew%3BBeller-Simms%2C+Nancy&rft.aulast=Poyar&rft.aufirst=Kyle&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Weather%2C+Climate%2C+and+Society&rft.issn=19488335&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010WCAS1047.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2015-08-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climatic variability; Urban climates; Local climates; Public policy and climate; Climate change; Infrastructure; Stakeholders; Weather; Coastal zone; Adaptability; Politics; Reviews; Climate; Environmental impact; Vulnerability; Water quality; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010WCAS1047.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of transported background ozone inflow on summertime air quality in a California ozone exceedance area AN - 746163211; 13187187 AB - Ozone sondes launched from Trinidad Head, California provide a measure of background O sub(3) transported ashore, and allow an evaluation of the impact of this transport on air quality in California's Northern Sacramento Valley. A strong summertime vertical O sub(3) gradient and correlation analysis indicate that O sub(3)-rich air from above the marine boundary layer is transported to the surface. Surface O sub(3) increases proportionally to the transported background. At the surface site experiencing the highest O sub(3) concentrations, transported background O sub(3) accounts for more than half (11 ppbv) of the 20 ppbv difference in the mean maximum 8-h average O sub(3) between exceedance and non-exceedance days. This finding contrasts with model calculations that indicate the US policy relevant O sub(3) background is generally 15-35 ppbv, and that it decreases during pollution episodes. The present work indicates that O sub(3) transported on hemispheric scales substantially impacts air quality in some areas of the US. JF - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions AU - Parrish, D D AU - Aikin, K C AU - Oltmans, S J AU - Johnson, B J AU - Ives, M AU - Sweeny, C AD - NOAA ESRL Chemical Sciences Division, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305, USA Y1 - 2010/06/30/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 30 SP - 16231 EP - 16276 PB - European Geophysical Society, Max-Planck-Str. 13 Katlenburg-Lindau Germany VL - 10 IS - 6 SN - 1680-7367, 1680-7367 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Ozone measurements KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - ASW, Caribbean Sea, Trinidad and Tobago, Trinidad KW - Air quality KW - Correlation analysis KW - Ozone in troposphere KW - inflow KW - Ozone concentration KW - Ozone KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - valleys KW - Marine atmospheric boundary layer KW - Boundary layers KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - USA, California, Sacramento Valley KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746163211?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics+Discussions&rft.atitle=Impact+of+transported+background+ozone+inflow+on+summertime+air+quality+in+a+California+ozone+exceedance+area&rft.au=Parrish%2C+D+D%3BAikin%2C+K+C%3BOltmans%2C+S+J%3BJohnson%2C+B+J%3BIves%2C+M%3BSweeny%2C+C&rft.aulast=Parrish&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2010-06-30&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=16231&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics+Discussions&rft.issn=16807367&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ozone in troposphere; Ozone measurements; Atmospheric pollution models; Atmospheric pollution; Marine atmospheric boundary layer; Atmospheric chemistry; Ozone concentration; Air quality; Correlation analysis; Ozone; valleys; Boundary layers; inflow; ASW, Caribbean Sea, Trinidad and Tobago, Trinidad; USA, California, Sacramento Valley ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Human-use Pharmaceuticals as Contaminants in Nearshore Marine Sediments from the Southern California Bight T2 - 8th International Symposium on Advanced Environmental Monitoring (ISAEM 08) AN - 866043986; 5965266 JF - 8th International Symposium on Advanced Environmental Monitoring (ISAEM 08) AU - Pait, Anthony AU - Furlong, Edward AU - Werner, Stephen AU - Choi, Minkyu AU - Choi, HeeGu AU - Maruya, Keith Y1 - 2010/06/29/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 29 KW - USA, California, Southern California Bight KW - Sediment pollution KW - Contaminants KW - Pharmaceuticals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/866043986?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=8th+International+Symposium+on+Advanced+Environmental+Monitoring+%28ISAEM+08%29&rft.atitle=Human-use+Pharmaceuticals+as+Contaminants+in+Nearshore+Marine+Sediments+from+the+Southern+California+Bight&rft.au=Pait%2C+Anthony%3BFurlong%2C+Edward%3BWerner%2C+Stephen%3BChoi%2C+Minkyu%3BChoi%2C+HeeGu%3BMaruya%2C+Keith&rft.aulast=Pait&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.date=2010-06-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=8th+International+Symposium+on+Advanced+Environmental+Monitoring+%28ISAEM+08%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.ademrc.org/8th_sym/8thSymposium_Final_Program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-09 N1 - Last updated - 2012-09-05 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ATLANTIC SEA SCALLOP FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN, AMENDMENT 15, GULF OF MAINE, GEORGES BANK, AND MID-ATLANTIC. [Part 1 of 2] T2 - ATLANTIC SEA SCALLOP FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN, AMENDMENT 15, GULF OF MAINE, GEORGES BANK, AND MID-ATLANTIC. AN - 816527036; 14438-100246_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The implementation of annual catch limits (ACLs) and accountability measures (AMs) for the Atlantic sea scallop fishery to prevent overfishing is proposed. The New England Fishery Management Council proposes the measures in Amendment 15 to the Sea Scallop Fishery Management Plan (FMP) to bring the FMP in compliance with the reauthorization of the Magnuson-Stevens Conservation and Management Act. Proposed measures would also seek to address excess capacity in the limited access fishery through consideration of stacking permits and leasing of fishery allocations, and several adjustments to make the overall scallop FMP more effective. To address this goal, Amendment 15 includes measures to consider changes to the limited access general category fishery, adjust the overfishing definition, address essential fish habitat (EFH) closed areas in regards to the potential delay of EFH Omnibus Amendment 2, change the scallop fishing year, and several adjustments to the research set-aside program. Amendment 15 includes alternatives for yellowtail flounder ACLs and AMs because a major sub-component of yellowtail flounder catch is incidental catch in the scallop fishery. In addition to numerous alternatives for implementing ACLs, addressing excess capacity, and improving program effectiveness, this draft EIS considers a No Action Alternative for each category of measures. Under the preferred alternative for addressing excess capacity in the limited access fishery, permit stacking would be allowed provided there is a fishing power adjustment which would be applied based on horsepower and length class of each vessel. The preferred alternative with respect to EFH closed areas would modify the designations under Amendment 10 to the Scallop FMP to make the habitat closed area boundaries consistent with Amendment 13 to the Northeast Multispecies FMP. If approved, Amendment 15 provisions would be implemented in 2011. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of permit stacking and leasing would provide more flexibility for efficient utilization of the resource while the fishing power adjustments would prevent potential increases in mortality if permits are stacked and/or leased. Adjusting the scallop fishing year to May 1 from March 1 would be more consistent with the framework adjustment process and the timing of scallop survey data availability. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Permit stacking and leasing, as well as other measures to improve economic efficiency, could lead to consolidation in the fishery and job loss. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100246, 392 pages, June 29, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 1 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Regulations KW - Shellfish KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Delaware KW - Georges Bank KW - Gulf of Maine KW - Maine KW - Maryland KW - Massachusetts KW - New Jersey KW - North Carolina KW - Rhode Island KW - Virginia KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/816527036?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-06-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ATLANTIC+SEA+SCALLOP+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%2C+AMENDMENT+15%2C+GULF+OF+MAINE%2C+GEORGES+BANK%2C+AND+MID-ATLANTIC.&rft.title=ATLANTIC+SEA+SCALLOP+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%2C+AMENDMENT+15%2C+GULF+OF+MAINE%2C+GEORGES+BANK%2C+AND+MID-ATLANTIC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Gloucester, Massachusetts; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-20 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: June 29, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ATLANTIC SEA SCALLOP FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN, AMENDMENT 15, GULF OF MAINE, GEORGES BANK, AND MID-ATLANTIC. [Part 2 of 2] T2 - ATLANTIC SEA SCALLOP FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN, AMENDMENT 15, GULF OF MAINE, GEORGES BANK, AND MID-ATLANTIC. AN - 816526941; 14438-100246_0002 AB - PURPOSE: The implementation of annual catch limits (ACLs) and accountability measures (AMs) for the Atlantic sea scallop fishery to prevent overfishing is proposed. The New England Fishery Management Council proposes the measures in Amendment 15 to the Sea Scallop Fishery Management Plan (FMP) to bring the FMP in compliance with the reauthorization of the Magnuson-Stevens Conservation and Management Act. Proposed measures would also seek to address excess capacity in the limited access fishery through consideration of stacking permits and leasing of fishery allocations, and several adjustments to make the overall scallop FMP more effective. To address this goal, Amendment 15 includes measures to consider changes to the limited access general category fishery, adjust the overfishing definition, address essential fish habitat (EFH) closed areas in regards to the potential delay of EFH Omnibus Amendment 2, change the scallop fishing year, and several adjustments to the research set-aside program. Amendment 15 includes alternatives for yellowtail flounder ACLs and AMs because a major sub-component of yellowtail flounder catch is incidental catch in the scallop fishery. In addition to numerous alternatives for implementing ACLs, addressing excess capacity, and improving program effectiveness, this draft EIS considers a No Action Alternative for each category of measures. Under the preferred alternative for addressing excess capacity in the limited access fishery, permit stacking would be allowed provided there is a fishing power adjustment which would be applied based on horsepower and length class of each vessel. The preferred alternative with respect to EFH closed areas would modify the designations under Amendment 10 to the Scallop FMP to make the habitat closed area boundaries consistent with Amendment 13 to the Northeast Multispecies FMP. If approved, Amendment 15 provisions would be implemented in 2011. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of permit stacking and leasing would provide more flexibility for efficient utilization of the resource while the fishing power adjustments would prevent potential increases in mortality if permits are stacked and/or leased. Adjusting the scallop fishing year to May 1 from March 1 would be more consistent with the framework adjustment process and the timing of scallop survey data availability. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Permit stacking and leasing, as well as other measures to improve economic efficiency, could lead to consolidation in the fishery and job loss. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100246, 392 pages, June 29, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 2 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Regulations KW - Shellfish KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Delaware KW - Georges Bank KW - Gulf of Maine KW - Maine KW - Maryland KW - Massachusetts KW - New Jersey KW - North Carolina KW - Rhode Island KW - Virginia KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/816526941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-06-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ATLANTIC+SEA+SCALLOP+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%2C+AMENDMENT+15%2C+GULF+OF+MAINE%2C+GEORGES+BANK%2C+AND+MID-ATLANTIC.&rft.title=ATLANTIC+SEA+SCALLOP+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%2C+AMENDMENT+15%2C+GULF+OF+MAINE%2C+GEORGES+BANK%2C+AND+MID-ATLANTIC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Gloucester, Massachusetts; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-20 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: June 29, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - ATLANTIC SEA SCALLOP FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN, AMENDMENT 15, GULF OF MAINE, GEORGES BANK, AND MID-ATLANTIC. AN - 754907082; 14438 AB - PURPOSE: The implementation of annual catch limits (ACLs) and accountability measures (AMs) for the Atlantic sea scallop fishery to prevent overfishing is proposed. The New England Fishery Management Council proposes the measures in Amendment 15 to the Sea Scallop Fishery Management Plan (FMP) to bring the FMP in compliance with the reauthorization of the Magnuson-Stevens Conservation and Management Act. Proposed measures would also seek to address excess capacity in the limited access fishery through consideration of stacking permits and leasing of fishery allocations, and several adjustments to make the overall scallop FMP more effective. To address this goal, Amendment 15 includes measures to consider changes to the limited access general category fishery, adjust the overfishing definition, address essential fish habitat (EFH) closed areas in regards to the potential delay of EFH Omnibus Amendment 2, change the scallop fishing year, and several adjustments to the research set-aside program. Amendment 15 includes alternatives for yellowtail flounder ACLs and AMs because a major sub-component of yellowtail flounder catch is incidental catch in the scallop fishery. In addition to numerous alternatives for implementing ACLs, addressing excess capacity, and improving program effectiveness, this draft EIS considers a No Action Alternative for each category of measures. Under the preferred alternative for addressing excess capacity in the limited access fishery, permit stacking would be allowed provided there is a fishing power adjustment which would be applied based on horsepower and length class of each vessel. The preferred alternative with respect to EFH closed areas would modify the designations under Amendment 10 to the Scallop FMP to make the habitat closed area boundaries consistent with Amendment 13 to the Northeast Multispecies FMP. If approved, Amendment 15 provisions would be implemented in 2011. POSITIVE IMPACTS: Implementation of permit stacking and leasing would provide more flexibility for efficient utilization of the resource while the fishing power adjustments would prevent potential increases in mortality if permits are stacked and/or leased. Adjusting the scallop fishing year to May 1 from March 1 would be more consistent with the framework adjustment process and the timing of scallop survey data availability. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Permit stacking and leasing, as well as other measures to improve economic efficiency, could lead to consolidation in the fishery and job loss. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). JF - EPA number: 100246, 392 pages, June 29, 2010 PY - 2010 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Regulations KW - Shellfish KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - Delaware KW - Georges Bank KW - Gulf of Maine KW - Maine KW - Maryland KW - Massachusetts KW - New Jersey KW - North Carolina KW - Rhode Island KW - Virginia KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754907082?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-06-29&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=ATLANTIC+SEA+SCALLOP+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%2C+AMENDMENT+15%2C+GULF+OF+MAINE%2C+GEORGES+BANK%2C+AND+MID-ATLANTIC.&rft.title=ATLANTIC+SEA+SCALLOP+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%2C+AMENDMENT+15%2C+GULF+OF+MAINE%2C+GEORGES+BANK%2C+AND+MID-ATLANTIC.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Gloucester, Massachusetts; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-20 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: June 29, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The impact of surface forcing conditions on Arctic cloud-aerosol interactions T2 - 13th Conference on Cloud Physics AN - 839713161; 5949120 JF - 13th Conference on Cloud Physics AU - Solomon, Amy AU - Shupe, M AU - Persson, P Y1 - 2010/06/28/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 28 KW - {Q1} KW - Arctic KW - Polar environments KW - Atmospheric forcing KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839713161?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=13th+Conference+on+Cloud+Physics&rft.atitle=The+impact+of+surface+forcing+conditions+on+Arctic+cloud-aerosol+interactions&rft.au=Solomon%2C+Amy%3BShupe%2C+M%3BPersson%2C+P&rft.aulast=Solomon&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft.date=2010-06-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=13th+Conference+on+Cloud+Physics&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/13CldPhy13AtRad/techprogram/programexpanded_ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Variability of total, black and white sky spectral albedo at the ASR central facility T2 - 13th Conference on Atmospheric Radiation AN - 839708227; 5948829 JF - 13th Conference on Atmospheric Radiation AU - Hodges, Gary AU - Michalsky, J AU - Dutton, E Y1 - 2010/06/28/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 28 KW - {Q1} KW - Albedo KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839708227?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=13th+Conference+on+Atmospheric+Radiation&rft.atitle=Variability+of+total%2C+black+and+white+sky+spectral+albedo+at+the+ASR+central+facility&rft.au=Hodges%2C+Gary%3BMichalsky%2C+J%3BDutton%2C+E&rft.aulast=Hodges&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=2010-06-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=13th+Conference+on+Atmospheric+Radiation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/13CldPhy13AtRad/techprogram/programexpanded_ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - What controls precipitation in shallow cumulus clouds? T2 - 13th Conference on Cloud Physics AN - 839707353; 5949106 JF - 13th Conference on Cloud Physics AU - Jiang, Hongli AU - Feingold, G AU - Sorooshian, A Y1 - 2010/06/28/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 28 KW - {Q1} KW - Clouds KW - Precipitation KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839707353?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=13th+Conference+on+Cloud+Physics&rft.atitle=What+controls+precipitation+in+shallow+cumulus+clouds%3F&rft.au=Jiang%2C+Hongli%3BFeingold%2C+G%3BSorooshian%2C+A&rft.aulast=Jiang&rft.aufirst=Hongli&rft.date=2010-06-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=13th+Conference+on+Cloud+Physics&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/13CldPhy13AtRad/techprogram/programexpanded_ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Aerosol sources and marine stratocumulus during VOCALS-REx in a WRF/Chem Large Eddy Simulation T2 - 13th Conference on Cloud Physics AN - 839705996; 5949163 JF - 13th Conference on Cloud Physics AU - Kazil, Jan AU - Wang, H AU - Feingold, G Y1 - 2010/06/28/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 28 KW - {Q1} KW - Simulation KW - Aerosols KW - Oceanic eddies KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839705996?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=13th+Conference+on+Cloud+Physics&rft.atitle=Aerosol+sources+and+marine+stratocumulus+during+VOCALS-REx+in+a+WRF%2FChem+Large+Eddy+Simulation&rft.au=Kazil%2C+Jan%3BWang%2C+H%3BFeingold%2C+G&rft.aulast=Kazil&rft.aufirst=Jan&rft.date=2010-06-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=13th+Conference+on+Cloud+Physics&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/13CldPhy13AtRad/techprogram/programexpanded_ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Analysis of the downward shortwave surface flux biases in the coupled GFDL General Circulation Model T2 - 13th Conference on Atmospheric Radiation AN - 839701785; 5948830 JF - 13th Conference on Atmospheric Radiation AU - Freidenreich, Stuart Y1 - 2010/06/28/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 28 KW - {Q1} KW - Models KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839701785?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=13th+Conference+on+Atmospheric+Radiation&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+the+downward+shortwave+surface+flux+biases+in+the+coupled+GFDL+General+Circulation+Model&rft.au=Freidenreich%2C+Stuart&rft.aulast=Freidenreich&rft.aufirst=Stuart&rft.date=2010-06-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=13th+Conference+on+Atmospheric+Radiation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/13CldPhy13AtRad/techprogram/programexpanded_ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Radiation Fluxes of NCEP/Climate Forecast System Reanalysis Validated with NASA/CERES T2 - 13th Conference on Atmospheric Radiation AN - 839700820; 5948945 JF - 13th Conference on Atmospheric Radiation AU - Yang, Shi-Keng AU - Hou, Y AU - Long, C AU - Wong, T AU - Rutan, D Y1 - 2010/06/28/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 28 KW - {Q1} KW - Radiation KW - Climate KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839700820?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=13th+Conference+on+Atmospheric+Radiation&rft.atitle=The+Radiation+Fluxes+of+NCEP%2FClimate+Forecast+System+Reanalysis+Validated+with+NASA%2FCERES&rft.au=Yang%2C+Shi-Keng%3BHou%2C+Y%3BLong%2C+C%3BWong%2C+T%3BRutan%2C+D&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Shi-Keng&rft.date=2010-06-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=13th+Conference+on+Atmospheric+Radiation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/13CldPhy13AtRad/techprogram/programexpanded_ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Impacts of ice nucleation modes and ice crystal habits on mixed-phase cloud lifetime T2 - 13th Conference on Cloud Physics AN - 839700527; 5949080 JF - 13th Conference on Cloud Physics AU - Ervens, Barbara AU - Feingold, G AU - Sulia, K AU - Harrington, J Y1 - 2010/06/28/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 28 KW - {Q1} KW - Ice nucleation KW - Clouds KW - Crystals KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839700527?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=13th+Conference+on+Cloud+Physics&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+ice+nucleation+modes+and+ice+crystal+habits+on+mixed-phase+cloud+lifetime&rft.au=Ervens%2C+Barbara%3BFeingold%2C+G%3BSulia%2C+K%3BHarrington%2C+J&rft.aulast=Ervens&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.date=2010-06-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=13th+Conference+on+Cloud+Physics&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/13CldPhy13AtRad/techprogram/programexpanded_ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Dependence of radiative forcing calculations on infrared bandwidth T2 - 13th Conference on Atmospheric Radiation AN - 839699983; 5948755 JF - 13th Conference on Atmospheric Radiation AU - Schwarzkopf, M AU - Ramaswamy, V Y1 - 2010/06/28/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 28 KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839699983?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=13th+Conference+on+Atmospheric+Radiation&rft.atitle=Dependence+of+radiative+forcing+calculations+on+infrared+bandwidth&rft.au=Schwarzkopf%2C+M%3BRamaswamy%2C+V&rft.aulast=Schwarzkopf&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2010-06-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=13th+Conference+on+Atmospheric+Radiation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/13CldPhy13AtRad/techprogram/programexpanded_ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A dynamic probability density function treatment of cloud mass and number concentrations for low level clouds in GFDL SCM/GCM T2 - 13th Conference on Cloud Physics AN - 839698357; 5949069 JF - 13th Conference on Cloud Physics AU - Guo, Huan AU - Golaz, J AU - Donner, L AU - Larson, V AU - Schanen, D AU - Griffin, B Y1 - 2010/06/28/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 28 KW - {Q1} KW - Clouds KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839698357?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=13th+Conference+on+Cloud+Physics&rft.atitle=A+dynamic+probability+density+function+treatment+of+cloud+mass+and+number+concentrations+for+low+level+clouds+in+GFDL+SCM%2FGCM&rft.au=Guo%2C+Huan%3BGolaz%2C+J%3BDonner%2C+L%3BLarson%2C+V%3BSchanen%2C+D%3BGriffin%2C+B&rft.aulast=Guo&rft.aufirst=Huan&rft.date=2010-06-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=13th+Conference+on+Cloud+Physics&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/13CldPhy13AtRad/techprogram/programexpanded_ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Impact of varying CCN concentration on the precipitation process in a simulated convective storm T2 - 13th Conference on Atmospheric Radiation AN - 839698097; 5948911 JF - 13th Conference on Atmospheric Radiation AU - Ziegler, Conrad AU - Mansell, E AU - Bruning, E Y1 - 2010/06/28/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 28 KW - {Q1} KW - Storms KW - Precipitation KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839698097?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=13th+Conference+on+Atmospheric+Radiation&rft.atitle=Impact+of+varying+CCN+concentration+on+the+precipitation+process+in+a+simulated+convective+storm&rft.au=Ziegler%2C+Conrad%3BMansell%2C+E%3BBruning%2C+E&rft.aulast=Ziegler&rft.aufirst=Conrad&rft.date=2010-06-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=13th+Conference+on+Atmospheric+Radiation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/13CldPhy13AtRad/techprogram/programexpanded_ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Aerosol effects on clouds and radiation: buffered states, runaway states, and self-organization T2 - 13th Conference on Atmospheric Radiation AN - 839697778; 5948967 JF - 13th Conference on Atmospheric Radiation AU - Feingold, Graham AU - Wang, H AU - Koren, I AU - Kazil, J Y1 - 2010/06/28/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 28 KW - {Q1} KW - Aerosols KW - Clouds KW - Radiation KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839697778?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=13th+Conference+on+Atmospheric+Radiation&rft.atitle=Aerosol+effects+on+clouds+and+radiation%3A+buffered+states%2C+runaway+states%2C+and+self-organization&rft.au=Feingold%2C+Graham%3BWang%2C+H%3BKoren%2C+I%3BKazil%2C+J&rft.aulast=Feingold&rft.aufirst=Graham&rft.date=2010-06-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=13th+Conference+on+Atmospheric+Radiation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/13CldPhy13AtRad/techprogram/programexpanded_ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Validation of Daytime CRTM Performance Using AVHRR IR 3.7 microm Band and Suggested Improvements T2 - 13th Conference on Atmospheric Radiation AN - 839697728; 5948921 JF - 13th Conference on Atmospheric Radiation AU - Liang, Xingming AU - Ignatov, A AU - Han, Y AU - Zhang, H Y1 - 2010/06/28/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 28 KW - {Q1} KW - Daytime KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839697728?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=13th+Conference+on+Atmospheric+Radiation&rft.atitle=Validation+of+Daytime+CRTM+Performance+Using+AVHRR+IR+3.7+microm+Band+and+Suggested+Improvements&rft.au=Liang%2C+Xingming%3BIgnatov%2C+A%3BHan%2C+Y%3BZhang%2C+H&rft.aulast=Liang&rft.aufirst=Xingming&rft.date=2010-06-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=13th+Conference+on+Atmospheric+Radiation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/13CldPhy13AtRad/techprogram/programexpanded_ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Towards Generalized Boundary Conditions in DISORT T2 - 13th Conference on Atmospheric Radiation AN - 839696893; 5948944 JF - 13th Conference on Atmospheric Radiation AU - Laszlo, Istvan AU - Stamnes, K AU - Wiscombe, W AU - Tsay, S Y1 - 2010/06/28/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 28 KW - {Q1} KW - Boundary conditions KW - Boundaries KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839696893?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=13th+Conference+on+Atmospheric+Radiation&rft.atitle=Towards+Generalized+Boundary+Conditions+in+DISORT&rft.au=Laszlo%2C+Istvan%3BStamnes%2C+K%3BWiscombe%2C+W%3BTsay%2C+S&rft.aulast=Laszlo&rft.aufirst=Istvan&rft.date=2010-06-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=13th+Conference+on+Atmospheric+Radiation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/13CldPhy13AtRad/techprogram/programexpanded_ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Water Droplet Calibration of the DMT Cloud Droplet Probe (CDP) and In-Flight Performance in Liquid, Ice and Mixed-Phase Clouds during ARCPAC T2 - 13th Conference on Cloud Physics AN - 839696349; 5949020 JF - 13th Conference on Cloud Physics AU - Lance, Sara AU - Brock, C AU - Rogers, D AU - Gordon, J Y1 - 2010/06/28/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 28 KW - {Q1} KW - Clouds KW - Ice KW - Probes KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839696349?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=13th+Conference+on+Cloud+Physics&rft.atitle=Water+Droplet+Calibration+of+the+DMT+Cloud+Droplet+Probe+%28CDP%29+and+In-Flight+Performance+in+Liquid%2C+Ice+and+Mixed-Phase+Clouds+during+ARCPAC&rft.au=Lance%2C+Sara%3BBrock%2C+C%3BRogers%2C+D%3BGordon%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lance&rft.aufirst=Sara&rft.date=2010-06-28&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=13th+Conference+on+Cloud+Physics&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/13CldPhy13AtRad/techprogram/programexpanded_ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Case Study of Money Point Wetland Restoration and Wetland Cap: A Tale of Two Marshes T2 - 2010 Annual Meeting of the Society of Wetland Scientists AN - 839707804; 5931644 JF - 2010 Annual Meeting of the Society of Wetland Scientists AU - Priest, W I Y1 - 2010/06/27/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 27 KW - {Q1} KW - Case studies KW - Environmental restoration KW - Wetlands KW - Marshes KW - Habitat improvement KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839707804?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+of+Wetland+Scientists&rft.atitle=Case+Study+of+Money+Point+Wetland+Restoration+and+Wetland+Cap%3A+A+Tale+of+Two+Marshes&rft.au=Priest%2C+W+I&rft.aulast=Priest&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2010-06-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+Annual+Meeting+of+the+Society+of+Wetland+Scientists&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.birenheide.com/sws/2010/program/sessions.php3 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Small-angle Neutron Scattering Study on PEO/Ethanol/Salt Solutions T2 - 5th American Conference on Neutron Scattering (ACNS 2010) AN - 839708107; 5947255 JF - 5th American Conference on Neutron Scattering (ACNS 2010) AU - Shin, Sang AU - Briber, Robert AU - Hammouda, Boualem Y1 - 2010/06/26/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 26 KW - {Q1} KW - Ethanol KW - Salts KW - Neutron scattering KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839708107?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=5th+American+Conference+on+Neutron+Scattering+%28ACNS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Small-angle+Neutron+Scattering+Study+on+PEO%2FEthanol%2FSalt+Solutions&rft.au=Shin%2C+Sang%3BBriber%2C+Robert%3BHammouda%2C+Boualem&rft.aulast=Shin&rft.aufirst=Sang&rft.date=2010-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=5th+American+Conference+on+Neutron+Scattering+%28ACNS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.mrs.org/s_mrs/sec.asp?CID=26005&DID=318841 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - No Splitting of a Neutron Wavepacket in the Aharonov-Casher Effect T2 - 5th American Conference on Neutron Scattering (ACNS 2010) AN - 839702663; 5947430 JF - 5th American Conference on Neutron Scattering (ACNS 2010) AU - Cappelletti, Ronald Y1 - 2010/06/26/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 26 KW - {Q1} KW - Neutrons KW - Splitting KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839702663?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=5th+American+Conference+on+Neutron+Scattering+%28ACNS+2010%29&rft.atitle=No+Splitting+of+a+Neutron+Wavepacket+in+the+Aharonov-Casher+Effect&rft.au=Cappelletti%2C+Ronald&rft.aulast=Cappelletti&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.date=2010-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=5th+American+Conference+on+Neutron+Scattering+%28ACNS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.mrs.org/s_mrs/sec.asp?CID=26005&DID=318841 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Combined Use of QENS Techniques for the Investigation of Interfacial Water Dynamics T2 - 5th American Conference on Neutron Scattering (ACNS 2010) AN - 839700461; 5947322 JF - 5th American Conference on Neutron Scattering (ACNS 2010) AU - Faraone, Antonio AU - Zhang, Yang AU - Chen, Sow-Hsin AU - Liu, Kao-Hsiang AU - Mou, Chung-Yuan AU - Fratini, Emiliano AU - Baglioni, Piero AU - Mueller, Achim AU - Todea, AnaMaria AU - Krebs, Bernt Y1 - 2010/06/26/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 26 KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839700461?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=5th+American+Conference+on+Neutron+Scattering+%28ACNS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Combined+Use+of+QENS+Techniques+for+the+Investigation+of+Interfacial+Water+Dynamics&rft.au=Faraone%2C+Antonio%3BZhang%2C+Yang%3BChen%2C+Sow-Hsin%3BLiu%2C+Kao-Hsiang%3BMou%2C+Chung-Yuan%3BFratini%2C+Emiliano%3BBaglioni%2C+Piero%3BMueller%2C+Achim%3BTodea%2C+AnaMaria%3BKrebs%2C+Bernt&rft.aulast=Faraone&rft.aufirst=Antonio&rft.date=2010-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=5th+American+Conference+on+Neutron+Scattering+%28ACNS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.mrs.org/s_mrs/sec.asp?CID=26005&DID=318841 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Structural Characterization of Disordered Lipid Membranes: Protein Interactions at Angstrom Resolution T2 - 5th American Conference on Neutron Scattering (ACNS 2010) AN - 839700383; 5947307 JF - 5th American Conference on Neutron Scattering (ACNS 2010) AU - Heinrich, Frank AU - Loesche, Mathias AU - Shekhar, Prabhanshu AU - Nanda, Hirsh Y1 - 2010/06/26/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 26 KW - {Q1} KW - Lipid membranes KW - Protein interaction KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839700383?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=5th+American+Conference+on+Neutron+Scattering+%28ACNS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Structural+Characterization+of+Disordered+Lipid+Membranes%3A+Protein+Interactions+at+Angstrom+Resolution&rft.au=Heinrich%2C+Frank%3BLoesche%2C+Mathias%3BShekhar%2C+Prabhanshu%3BNanda%2C+Hirsh&rft.aulast=Heinrich&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft.date=2010-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=5th+American+Conference+on+Neutron+Scattering+%28ACNS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.mrs.org/s_mrs/sec.asp?CID=26005&DID=318841 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Dynamics of Biological Macromolecules: Not a Simple !DGSlaving!- by Hydration Water T2 - 5th American Conference on Neutron Scattering (ACNS 2010) AN - 839699055; 5947286 JF - 5th American Conference on Neutron Scattering (ACNS 2010) AU - Roh, Joon Ho AU - Briber, Robert AU - Damjanovic, Ana AU - Woodson, Sarah AU - Tyagi, Madhu AU - Khodadadi, Sheila AU - Sokolov, Alexei Y1 - 2010/06/26/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 26 KW - {Q1} KW - Hydration KW - Macromolecules KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839699055?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=5th+American+Conference+on+Neutron+Scattering+%28ACNS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Dynamics+of+Biological+Macromolecules%3A+Not+a+Simple+%21DGSlaving%21-+by+Hydration+Water&rft.au=Roh%2C+Joon+Ho%3BBriber%2C+Robert%3BDamjanovic%2C+Ana%3BWoodson%2C+Sarah%3BTyagi%2C+Madhu%3BKhodadadi%2C+Sheila%3BSokolov%2C+Alexei&rft.aulast=Roh&rft.aufirst=Joon&rft.date=2010-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=5th+American+Conference+on+Neutron+Scattering+%28ACNS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.mrs.org/s_mrs/sec.asp?CID=26005&DID=318841 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Magnetic Domain States in Patterned Thin Magnetic Films using Off-specular Scattering T2 - 5th American Conference on Neutron Scattering (ACNS 2010) AN - 839698965; 5947225 JF - 5th American Conference on Neutron Scattering (ACNS 2010) AU - Maranville, Brian AU - Krycka, Kathryn AU - Borchers, Julie AU - Ross, Caroline AU - Nam, Chunghee AU - Adeyeye, Adekunle AU - Wright, Nathaniel AU - Metting, Christopher Y1 - 2010/06/26/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 26 KW - {Q1} KW - Films KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839698965?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=5th+American+Conference+on+Neutron+Scattering+%28ACNS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Magnetic+Domain+States+in+Patterned+Thin+Magnetic+Films+using+Off-specular+Scattering&rft.au=Maranville%2C+Brian%3BKrycka%2C+Kathryn%3BBorchers%2C+Julie%3BRoss%2C+Caroline%3BNam%2C+Chunghee%3BAdeyeye%2C+Adekunle%3BWright%2C+Nathaniel%3BMetting%2C+Christopher&rft.aulast=Maranville&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2010-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=5th+American+Conference+on+Neutron+Scattering+%28ACNS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.mrs.org/s_mrs/sec.asp?CID=26005&DID=318841 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Sparsely-Tethered Bilayer Lipid Membranes from Lipid Mixtures: Structure and Composition T2 - 5th American Conference on Neutron Scattering (ACNS 2010) AN - 839698617; 5947293 JF - 5th American Conference on Neutron Scattering (ACNS 2010) AU - Heinrich, Frank AU - Loesche, Mathias AU - Shekhar, Prabhanshu AU - Nanda, Hirsh Y1 - 2010/06/26/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 26 KW - {Q1} KW - Lipid membranes KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839698617?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=5th+American+Conference+on+Neutron+Scattering+%28ACNS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Sparsely-Tethered+Bilayer+Lipid+Membranes+from+Lipid+Mixtures%3A+Structure+and+Composition&rft.au=Heinrich%2C+Frank%3BLoesche%2C+Mathias%3BShekhar%2C+Prabhanshu%3BNanda%2C+Hirsh&rft.aulast=Heinrich&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft.date=2010-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=5th+American+Conference+on+Neutron+Scattering+%28ACNS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.mrs.org/s_mrs/sec.asp?CID=26005&DID=318841 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - 3He Spin Filters for Polarized Neutron Scattering T2 - 5th American Conference on Neutron Scattering (ACNS 2010) AN - 839697584; 5947185 JF - 5th American Conference on Neutron Scattering (ACNS 2010) AU - Chen, Wangchun AU - Watson, Shannon AU - Erwin, Ross AU - Fu, Changbo AU - Gentile1, Thomas Y1 - 2010/06/26/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 26 KW - {Q1} KW - Filters KW - Neutron scattering KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839697584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=5th+American+Conference+on+Neutron+Scattering+%28ACNS+2010%29&rft.atitle=3He+Spin+Filters+for+Polarized+Neutron+Scattering&rft.au=Chen%2C+Wangchun%3BWatson%2C+Shannon%3BErwin%2C+Ross%3BFu%2C+Changbo%3BGentile1%2C+Thomas&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Wangchun&rft.date=2010-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=5th+American+Conference+on+Neutron+Scattering+%28ACNS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.mrs.org/s_mrs/sec.asp?CID=26005&DID=318841 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Orientation and Conformation of Membrane Bound HIV-1 Proteins Studied by Neutron Reflectivity T2 - 5th American Conference on Neutron Scattering (ACNS 2010) AN - 839696831; 5947308 JF - 5th American Conference on Neutron Scattering (ACNS 2010) AU - Nanda, Hirsh AU - Krueger, Susan AU - Curtis, Joseph AU - Heinrich, Frank AU - Loesche, Mathias AU - Datta, Siddhartha AU - Rein, Alan AU - Kent, Michael Y1 - 2010/06/26/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 26 KW - {Q1} KW - Membranes KW - Neutrons KW - Conformation KW - Reflectance KW - {Q2} KW - Human immunodeficiency virus 1 KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839696831?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=5th+American+Conference+on+Neutron+Scattering+%28ACNS+2010%29&rft.atitle=Orientation+and+Conformation+of+Membrane+Bound+HIV-1+Proteins+Studied+by+Neutron+Reflectivity&rft.au=Nanda%2C+Hirsh%3BKrueger%2C+Susan%3BCurtis%2C+Joseph%3BHeinrich%2C+Frank%3BLoesche%2C+Mathias%3BDatta%2C+Siddhartha%3BRein%2C+Alan%3BKent%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Nanda&rft.aufirst=Hirsh&rft.date=2010-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=5th+American+Conference+on+Neutron+Scattering+%28ACNS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.mrs.org/s_mrs/sec.asp?CID=26005&DID=318841 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Gas Adsorption Behaviors in Chiral Holmium Metal-Organic Framework Materials T2 - 5th American Conference on Neutron Scattering (ACNS 2010) AN - 839696375; 5947329 JF - 5th American Conference on Neutron Scattering (ACNS 2010) AU - Hsieh, Ping-Yen AU - Liu, Yun AU - Green, Mark AU - Briber, Robert AU - Brown, Craig Y1 - 2010/06/26/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 26 KW - {Q1} KW - Adsorption KW - Holmium KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839696375?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=5th+American+Conference+on+Neutron+Scattering+%28ACNS+2010%29&rft.atitle=The+Gas+Adsorption+Behaviors+in+Chiral+Holmium+Metal-Organic+Framework+Materials&rft.au=Hsieh%2C+Ping-Yen%3BLiu%2C+Yun%3BGreen%2C+Mark%3BBriber%2C+Robert%3BBrown%2C+Craig&rft.aulast=Hsieh&rft.aufirst=Ping-Yen&rft.date=2010-06-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=5th+American+Conference+on+Neutron+Scattering+%28ACNS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.mrs.org/s_mrs/sec.asp?CID=26005&DID=318841 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Using Standard Robot Test Methods to Establish Baseline Capabilities T2 - 14th annual RoboCup International Symposium (RoboCup 2010) AN - 839682638; 5925573 JF - 14th annual RoboCup International Symposium (RoboCup 2010) AU - Jacoff, Adam Y1 - 2010/06/25/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 25 KW - {Q1} KW - Robots KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839682638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=14th+annual+RoboCup+International+Symposium+%28RoboCup+2010%29&rft.atitle=Using+Standard+Robot+Test+Methods+to+Establish+Baseline+Capabilities&rft.au=Jacoff%2C+Adam&rft.aulast=Jacoff&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft.date=2010-06-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=14th+annual+RoboCup+International+Symposium+%28RoboCup+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.robocup2010.org/symposium_Program.php LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Making of Oceans T2 - 38th Conference on Broadcast Meteorology AN - 839644359; 5897183 JF - 38th Conference on Broadcast Meteorology AU - Taylor-Austin, Linda Y1 - 2010/06/24/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 24 KW - {Q1} KW - Oceans KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839644359?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=38th+Conference+on+Broadcast+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Making+of+Oceans&rft.au=Taylor-Austin%2C+Linda&rft.aulast=Taylor-Austin&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft.date=2010-06-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=38th+Conference+on+Broadcast+Meteorology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/38Broadcast/techprogram/MEETING.HTM LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Challenges to Accurate Measurement of Greenhouse Gases T2 - 38th Conference on Broadcast Meteorology AN - 839644350; 5897194 JF - 38th Conference on Broadcast Meteorology AU - Eustis, Allan Y1 - 2010/06/24/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 24 KW - {Q1} KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Climatic changes KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839644350?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=38th+Conference+on+Broadcast+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Challenges+to+Accurate+Measurement+of+Greenhouse+Gases&rft.au=Eustis%2C+Allan&rft.aulast=Eustis&rft.aufirst=Allan&rft.date=2010-06-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=38th+Conference+on+Broadcast+Meteorology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/38Broadcast/techprogram/MEETING.HTM LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Global Warming and Hurricanes: Theories vs. Observations T2 - 38th Conference on Broadcast Meteorology AN - 839644343; 5897187 JF - 38th Conference on Broadcast Meteorology AU - Landsea, Christopher Y1 - 2010/06/24/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 24 KW - {Q1} KW - Climatic changes KW - Global warming KW - Hurricanes KW - Greenhouse gases KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839644343?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=38th+Conference+on+Broadcast+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Global+Warming+and+Hurricanes%3A+Theories+vs.+Observations&rft.au=Landsea%2C+Christopher&rft.aulast=Landsea&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2010-06-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=38th+Conference+on+Broadcast+Meteorology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/38Broadcast/techprogram/MEETING.HTM LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - NOAA and the Media--Working Together to Reduce Storm Surge Deaths and Destruction T2 - 38th Conference on Broadcast Meteorology AN - 839644329; 5897191 JF - 38th Conference on Broadcast Meteorology AU - Rhome, Jamie AU - Rappaport, E AU - Read, W AU - Feltgen, D Y1 - 2010/06/24/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 24 KW - {Q1} KW - Storm surges KW - Mortality KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839644329?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=38th+Conference+on+Broadcast+Meteorology&rft.atitle=NOAA+and+the+Media--Working+Together+to+Reduce+Storm+Surge+Deaths+and+Destruction&rft.au=Rhome%2C+Jamie%3BRappaport%2C+E%3BRead%2C+W%3BFeltgen%2C+D&rft.aulast=Rhome&rft.aufirst=Jamie&rft.date=2010-06-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=38th+Conference+on+Broadcast+Meteorology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/38Broadcast/techprogram/MEETING.HTM LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Operational Satellite Status Update and Available Training T2 - 38th Conference on Broadcast Meteorology AN - 839644299; 5897186 JF - 38th Conference on Broadcast Meteorology AU - Motta, Brian Y1 - 2010/06/24/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 24 KW - {Q1} KW - Training KW - Remote sensing KW - Satellites KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839644299?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=38th+Conference+on+Broadcast+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Operational+Satellite+Status+Update+and+Available+Training&rft.au=Motta%2C+Brian&rft.aulast=Motta&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2010-06-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=38th+Conference+on+Broadcast+Meteorology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/38Broadcast/techprogram/MEETING.HTM LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Media Mayhem at NHC: Getting the Message Out While Keeping the Media Happy T2 - 38th Conference on Broadcast Meteorology AN - 839644250; 5897184 JF - 38th Conference on Broadcast Meteorology AU - Feltgen, Dennis Y1 - 2010/06/24/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 24 KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839644250?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=38th+Conference+on+Broadcast+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Media+Mayhem+at+NHC%3A+Getting+the+Message+Out+While+Keeping+the+Media+Happy&rft.au=Feltgen%2C+Dennis&rft.aulast=Feltgen&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft.date=2010-06-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=38th+Conference+on+Broadcast+Meteorology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/38Broadcast/techprogram/MEETING.HTM LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Using Twitter to receive storm reports T2 - 38th Conference on Broadcast Meteorology AN - 839643595; 5897188 JF - 38th Conference on Broadcast Meteorology AU - Brice, Tim AU - Pieper, C Y1 - 2010/06/24/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 24 KW - {Q1} KW - Storms KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839643595?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=38th+Conference+on+Broadcast+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Using+Twitter+to+receive+storm+reports&rft.au=Brice%2C+Tim%3BPieper%2C+C&rft.aulast=Brice&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft.date=2010-06-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=38th+Conference+on+Broadcast+Meteorology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/38Broadcast/techprogram/MEETING.HTM LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Remodeling of the Deadly EF-5 Plainfield, IL Tornado Using The WRF T2 - 38th Conference on Broadcast Meteorology AN - 839643360; 5897178 JF - 38th Conference on Broadcast Meteorology AU - Izzi, Gino Y1 - 2010/06/24/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 24 KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839643360?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=38th+Conference+on+Broadcast+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Remodeling+of+the+Deadly+EF-5+Plainfield%2C+IL+Tornado+Using+The+WRF&rft.au=Izzi%2C+Gino&rft.aulast=Izzi&rft.aufirst=Gino&rft.date=2010-06-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=38th+Conference+on+Broadcast+Meteorology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/38Broadcast/techprogram/MEETING.HTM LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Upcoming Developments with Satellites - GOES-R and NPOESS T2 - 38th Conference on Broadcast Meteorology AN - 839643280; 5897185 JF - 38th Conference on Broadcast Meteorology AU - Beven II, John Y1 - 2010/06/24/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 24 KW - {Q1} KW - Remote sensing KW - Satellites KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839643280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=38th+Conference+on+Broadcast+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Upcoming+Developments+with+Satellites+-+GOES-R+and+NPOESS&rft.au=Beven+II%2C+John&rft.aulast=Beven+II&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2010-06-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=38th+Conference+on+Broadcast+Meteorology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/38Broadcast/techprogram/MEETING.HTM LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - NCEP-ECPC monthly to seasonal US fire danger forecasts AN - 744625703; 13146085 AB - Five National Fire Danger Rating System indices (including the Ignition Component, Energy Release Component, Burning Index, Spread Component, and the Keetch-Byram Drought Index) and the Fosberg Fire Weather Index are used to characterise US fire danger. These fire danger indices and input meteorological variables, including temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, cloud cover and wind speed, can be skilfully predicted at weekly to seasonal time scales by a global to regional dynamical prediction system modified from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction's Coupled Forecast System. The System generates global and regional spectral model ensemble forecasts, which in turn provide required input meteorological variables for fire danger. Seven-month US regional forecasts were generated every month from 1982 to 2007. This study shows that coarse-scale global predictions were more skilful than persistence, and fine-scale regional model predictions were more skilful than global predictions. The fire indices were better related to fire counts and area burned than meteorological variables, although relative humidity and temperature were useful predictors of fire characteristics. JF - International Journal of Wildland Fire AU - Roads, J AU - Tripp, P AU - Juang, H AU - Wang, J AU - Fujioka, F AU - Chen, S AD - Experimental Climate Prediction Center, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California - San Diego, 0224, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA, schen@fs.fed.us Y1 - 2010/06/24/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 24 SP - 399 EP - 414 PB - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia VL - 19 IS - 4 SN - 1049-8001, 1049-8001 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Relative humidity KW - Drought indexes KW - Wind speed KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Cadmium KW - Meteorology KW - Droughts KW - Seasonal variations KW - Weather KW - Fires KW - Fire danger KW - Ensemble forecasting KW - Temperature KW - Velocity KW - Humidity KW - Precipitation KW - Cloud cover KW - burning KW - Fire weather KW - Clouds KW - USA KW - wildland fire KW - Fire danger rating KW - Regional-scale models KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 551.509.1/.5:Forecasting (551.509.1/.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/744625703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Wildland+Fire&rft.atitle=NCEP-ECPC+monthly+to+seasonal+US+fire+danger+forecasts&rft.au=Roads%2C+J%3BTripp%2C+P%3BJuang%2C+H%3BWang%2C+J%3BFujioka%2C+F%3BChen%2C+S&rft.aulast=Roads&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2010-06-24&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=399&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Wildland+Fire&rft.issn=10498001&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FWF07079 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Wind speed; Relative humidity; Fires; Fire danger rating; Fire danger; Regional-scale models; Drought indexes; Ensemble forecasting; Cloud cover; Precipitation; Fire weather; Weather; Temperature; Humidity; Velocity; burning; Clouds; wildland fire; Sulfur dioxide; Meteorology; Cadmium; Seasonal variations; Droughts; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/WF07079 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adding rigor to ecological network models by evaluating a set of pre-balance diagnostics: A plea for PREBAL AN - 1777090189; 13202808 AB - The widespread use of ecological network models (e.g., Ecopath, Econetwrk, and related energy budget models) has been laudable for several reasons, chief of which is providing an easy-to-use set of modeling tools that can present an ecosystem context for improved understanding and management of living marine resources (LMR). Yet the ease-of-use of these models has led to two challenges. First, the veritable explosion of the use and application of these network models has resulted in recognition that the content and use of such models has spanned a range of quality. Second, as these models and their application have become more widespread, they are increasingly being used in a LMR management context. Thus review panels and other evaluators of these models would benefit from a set of rigorous and standard criteria from which the basis for all network models and related applications for any given system (i.e., the initial, static energy budget) can be evaluated. To this end, as one suggestion for improving network models in general, here I propose a series of pre-balance (PREBAL) diagnostics. These PREBAL diagnostics can be done, now, in simple spreadsheets before any balancing or tuning is executed. Examples of these PREBAL diagnostics include biomasses, biomass ratios, vital rates, vital rate ratios, total production, and total removals (and slopes thereof) across the taxa and trophic levels in any given energy budget. I assert that there are some general ecological and fishery principles that can be used in conjunction with PREBAL diagnostics to identify issues of model structure and data quality before balancing and dynamic applications are executed. I humbly present this PREBAL information as a simple yet general approach that could be easily implemented, could be considered for further incorporation into these model packages, and as such would ultimately result in a straightforward way to evaluate (and perhaps identify areas for improving) initial conditions in food web modeling efforts. JF - Ecological Modelling AU - Link, Jason S AD - NOAA NMFS NEFSC, 166 Water Street, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA Jason.Link@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/06/24/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 24 SP - 1582 EP - 1593 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 221 IS - 12 SN - 0304-3800, 0304-3800 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts (EN); CSA / ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts (CE) KW - Food web models KW - Energy budgets KW - Ecopath KW - Econetwrk KW - Quality control KW - Quality assurance KW - Error traps KW - Rules of thumb KW - Ecology KW - Diagnostic software KW - Tuning KW - Networks KW - Panels KW - Slopes KW - Initial conditions KW - Biomass KW - Marine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1777090189?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Modelling&rft.atitle=Adding+rigor+to+ecological+network+models+by+evaluating+a+set+of+pre-balance+diagnostics%3A+A+plea+for+PREBAL&rft.au=Link%2C+Jason+S&rft.aulast=Link&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.date=2010-06-24&rft.volume=221&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1582&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Modelling&rft.issn=03043800&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ecolmodel.2010.03.012 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-05-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2010.03.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improved viability of populations with diverse life-history portfolios AN - 744707744; 13003575 AB - A principle shared by both economists and ecologists is that a diversified portfolio spreads risk, but this idea has little empirical support in the field of population biology. We found that population growth rates (recruits per spawner) and life-history diversity as measured by variation in freshwater and ocean residency were negatively correlated across short time periods (one to two generations), but positively correlated at longer time periods, in nine Bristol Bay sockeye salmon populations. Further, the relationship between variation in growth rate and life-history diversity was consistently negative. These findings strongly suggest that life-history diversity can both increase production and buffer population fluctuations, particularly over long time periods. Our findings provide new insights into the importance of biocomplexity beyond spatio-temporal aspects of populations, and suggest that maintaining diverse life-history portfolios of populations may be crucial for their resilience to unfavourable conditions like habitat loss and climate change. JF - Biology Letters AU - Greene, Correigh M AU - Hall, Jason E AU - Guilbault, Kimberly R AU - Quinn, Thomas P AD - Northwest Fisheries Science Center, 2725 Montlake Boulevard East, Seattle, WA 98112, USA, correigh.greene@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/06/23/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 23 SP - 382 EP - 386 PB - Royal Society of London, 6 Carlton House Terrace London SW1Y 5AG UK VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1744-9561, 1744-9561 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - biocomplexity KW - life-history diversity KW - population dynamics KW - Biocomplexity KW - buffers KW - Population growth KW - Anadromous species KW - Climatic changes KW - Climate change KW - Genetic diversity KW - Population dynamics KW - population growth KW - portfolios KW - Brackishwater environment KW - Salmonidae KW - Growth rate KW - habitat changes KW - Freshwater environments KW - Spawning populations KW - Recruitment KW - Estuaries KW - life history KW - Habitat KW - ecologists KW - Oceans KW - INE, USA, Alaska, Bristol Bay KW - salmon KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/744707744?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biology+Letters&rft.atitle=Improved+viability+of+populations+with+diverse+life-history+portfolios&rft.au=Greene%2C+Correigh+M%3BHall%2C+Jason+E%3BGuilbault%2C+Kimberly+R%3BQuinn%2C+Thomas+P&rft.aulast=Greene&rft.aufirst=Correigh&rft.date=2010-06-23&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=382&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biology+Letters&rft.issn=17449561&rft_id=info:doi/10.1098%2Frsbl.2009.0780 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Anadromous species; Spawning populations; Climate change; Estuaries; Recruitment; Brackishwater environment; Genetic diversity; Population dynamics; Biocomplexity; Freshwater environments; Population growth; Oceans; Climatic changes; Habitat; habitat changes; buffers; population growth; portfolios; life history; salmon; ecologists; Salmonidae; INE, USA, Alaska, Bristol Bay DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2009.0780 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - NIST Gas Standards for Atmospheric Monitoring of Greenhouse Gases and Ozone Precursors T2 - 103rd Annual Conference & Exhibition of The Air & Waste Management Association (A&WMA 2010) AN - 839646252; 5898048 JF - 103rd Annual Conference & Exhibition of The Air & Waste Management Association (A&WMA 2010) AU - Rhoderick, G Y1 - 2010/06/22/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 22 KW - {Q1} KW - Ozone KW - Greenhouse gases KW - Atmospheric monitoring KW - Climatic changes KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839646252?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=103rd+Annual+Conference+%26+Exhibition+of+The+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%28A%26WMA+2010%29&rft.atitle=NIST+Gas+Standards+for+Atmospheric+Monitoring+of+Greenhouse+Gases+and+Ozone+Precursors&rft.au=Rhoderick%2C+G&rft.aulast=Rhoderick&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2010-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=103rd+Annual+Conference+%26+Exhibition+of+The+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%28A%26WMA+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.awma.org/ACE2010/files/9563section3.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Preparation and Analysis of NO and NO2 Gas Standard: Reference Materials in Aluminum Compressed Gas Cylinders T2 - 103rd Annual Conference & Exhibition of The Air & Waste Management Association (A&WMA 2010) AN - 839646011; 5898050 JF - 103rd Annual Conference & Exhibition of The Air & Waste Management Association (A&WMA 2010) AU - Thorn, W Y1 - 2010/06/22/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 22 KW - {Q1} KW - Aluminum KW - Nitric oxide KW - Cylinders KW - Compressed gas KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839646011?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=103rd+Annual+Conference+%26+Exhibition+of+The+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%28A%26WMA+2010%29&rft.atitle=Preparation+and+Analysis+of+NO+and+NO2+Gas+Standard%3A+Reference+Materials+in+Aluminum+Compressed+Gas+Cylinders&rft.au=Thorn%2C+W&rft.aulast=Thorn&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2010-06-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=103rd+Annual+Conference+%26+Exhibition+of+The+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%28A%26WMA+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.awma.org/ACE2010/files/9563section3.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - An analytical method to quantify the release of silica nanoparticles from polymer nanocomposites exposed to UV radiation T2 - 2010 Symposium on Composite Materials AN - 839698881; 5926512 JF - 2010 Symposium on Composite Materials AU - Rabb, S AU - Yu, L. AU - Nguyen, T Y1 - 2010/06/21/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 21 KW - {Q1} KW - U.V. radiation KW - Silica KW - Polymers KW - Nanocomposites KW - Nanoparticles KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839698881?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+Symposium+on+Composite+Materials&rft.atitle=An+analytical+method+to+quantify+the+release+of+silica+nanoparticles+from+polymer+nanocomposites+exposed+to+UV+radiation&rft.au=Rabb%2C+S%3BYu%2C+L.%3BNguyen%2C+T&rft.aulast=Rabb&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2010-06-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+Symposium+on+Composite+Materials&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.techconnectworld.com/Nanotech2010/symposia/Composites.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Interactions of Gold Nanoparticle Reference Materials with DNA in Cell-Free and Cell-Containing Systems T2 - 2010 Symposium on Environment, Health & Safety AN - 839697810; 5927153 JF - 2010 Symposium on Environment, Health & Safety AU - Nelson, B Y1 - 2010/06/21/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 21 KW - {Q1} KW - Nanoparticles KW - Gold KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839697810?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+Symposium+on+Environment%2C+Health+%26+Safety&rft.atitle=Interactions+of+Gold+Nanoparticle+Reference+Materials+with+DNA+in+Cell-Free+and+Cell-Containing+Systems&rft.au=Nelson%2C+B&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2010-06-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+Symposium+on+Environment%2C+Health+%26+Safety&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.techconnectworld.com/Nanotech2010/symposia/Environment_Soci LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Characterizing Nanoparticle Emissions from Burning Polymer Nanocomposites T2 - 2010 Symposium on Composite Materials AN - 839688379; 5926514 JF - 2010 Symposium on Composite Materials AU - Nyden, M AU - Harris, R AU - Kim, Y AU - Davis, R AU - Marsh, N AU - Zammarano, M Y1 - 2010/06/21/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 21 KW - {Q1} KW - Burning KW - Polymers KW - Emissions KW - Nanocomposites KW - Nanoparticles KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839688379?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+Symposium+on+Composite+Materials&rft.atitle=Characterizing+Nanoparticle+Emissions+from+Burning+Polymer+Nanocomposites&rft.au=Nyden%2C+M%3BHarris%2C+R%3BKim%2C+Y%3BDavis%2C+R%3BMarsh%2C+N%3BZammarano%2C+M&rft.aulast=Nyden&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=2010-06-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+Symposium+on+Composite+Materials&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.techconnectworld.com/Nanotech2010/symposia/Composites.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Propensity of Nanoparticles to Release from Soft Furnishings T2 - 2010 Annual NSTI Conference on Nanostructured Materials and Devices AN - 839660369; 5912149 JF - 2010 Annual NSTI Conference on Nanostructured Materials and Devices AU - Davis, R Y1 - 2010/06/21/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 21 KW - {Q1} KW - Nanoparticles KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839660369?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+Annual+NSTI+Conference+on+Nanostructured+Materials+and+Devices&rft.atitle=Propensity+of+Nanoparticles+to+Release+from+Soft+Furnishings&rft.au=Davis%2C+R&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2010-06-21&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+Annual+NSTI+Conference+on+Nanostructured+Materials+and+Devices&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.techconnectworld.com/Nanotech2010/symposia/Nanostructured_M LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aircraft observations of enhancement and depletion of black carbon mass in the springtime Arctic AN - 746165271; 13187164 AB - Understanding the processes controlling black carbon (BC) in the Arctic is crucial for evaluating the impact of anthropogenic and natural sources of BC on Arctic climate. Vertical profiles of BC mass were observed from the surface to near 7-km altitude in April 2008 using a Single-Particle Soot Photometer (SP2) during flights on the NOAA WP-3D research aircraft from Fairbanks, Alaska. These measurements were conducted during the NOAA-sponsored Aerosol, Radiation, and Cloud Processes affecting Arctic Climate (ARCPAC) project as part of POLARCAT, an International Polar Year (IPY) activity. In the free troposphere, the Arctic air mass was influenced by long-range transport from biomass-burning and anthropogenic source regions at lower latitudes especially during the latter part of the campaign. Maximum average BC mass loadings of 150 ng kg super(− 1) were observed near 5.5-km altitude in the aged Arctic air mass. In biomass-burning plumes, BC was enhanced from near the top of the Arctic boundary layer (ABL) to 5.5 km compared to the aged Arctic air mass. At the bottom of some of the profiles, positive vertical gradients in BC were observed in the vicinity of open leads in the sea-ice. BC mass loadings increased by about a factor of two across the boundary layer transition in the ABL in these cases while carbon monoxide (CO) remained constant, evidence for depletion of BC in the ABL. BC mass loadings were positively correlated with O sub(3) in ozone depletion events (ODEs) for all the observations in the ABL suggesting that BC was removed by dry deposition of BC on the snow or ice because molecular bromine, Br sub(2), which photolyzes and catalytically destroys O sub(3), is thought to be released near the open leads in regions of ice formation. We estimate the deposition flux of BC mass to the snow using a box model constrained by the vertical profiles of BC in the ABL. The open leads may increase vertical mixing in the ABL and entrainment of pollution from the free troposphere possibly enhancing the deposition of BC to the snow. JF - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions AU - Spackman, J R AU - Gao, R S AU - Neff, W D AU - Schwarz, J P AU - Watts, LA AU - Fahey, D W AU - Holloway, J S AU - Ryerson, T B AU - Peischl, J AU - Brock, CA AD - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Earth System Research Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Boulder, Colorado, USA Y1 - 2010/06/21/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 21 SP - 15167 EP - 15196 PB - European Geophysical Society, Max-Planck-Str. 13 Katlenburg-Lindau Germany VL - 10 IS - 6 SN - 1680-7367, 1680-7367 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Ice formation KW - Entrainment KW - altitude KW - Arctic air masses KW - air masses KW - Carbon monoxide KW - Ozone depletion KW - black carbon KW - Radiation KW - Arctic climates KW - Ozone KW - USA, Alaska KW - Snow KW - anthropogenic factors KW - Aircraft observations KW - Troposphere KW - Polar environments KW - USA, Alaska, Fairbanks KW - Soot particles KW - PN, Arctic KW - Clouds KW - Long-range transport KW - Sea ice KW - Boundary layers KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Photometers KW - Dry deposition KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746165271?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics+Discussions&rft.atitle=Aircraft+observations+of+enhancement+and+depletion+of+black+carbon+mass+in+the+springtime+Arctic&rft.au=Spackman%2C+J+R%3BGao%2C+R+S%3BNeff%2C+W+D%3BSchwarz%2C+J+P%3BWatts%2C+LA%3BFahey%2C+D+W%3BHolloway%2C+J+S%3BRyerson%2C+T+B%3BPeischl%2C+J%3BBrock%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Spackman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2010-06-21&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=15167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics+Discussions&rft.issn=16807367&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ice formation; Entrainment; Aircraft observations; Arctic air masses; Soot particles; Ozone depletion; Clouds; Sea ice; Long-range transport; Radiation; Atmospheric chemistry; Photometers; Dry deposition; Arctic climates; Ozone; Carbon monoxide; black carbon; anthropogenic factors; Snow; Boundary layers; altitude; Troposphere; Polar environments; air masses; USA, Alaska; PN, Arctic; USA, Alaska, Fairbanks ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Distribution, populations trends, ecological impacts, and implications of quagga mussels in the Great Lakes Region T2 - 129th Annual Conference and Exposition of the American Water Works Association (ACE 10) AN - 839698807; 5933153 JF - 129th Annual Conference and Exposition of the American Water Works Association (ACE 10) AU - Nalepa, Thomas Y1 - 2010/06/20/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 20 KW - {Q1} KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - Lakes KW - Marine molluscs KW - Ecological distribution KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839698807?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=129th+Annual+Conference+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Water+Works+Association+%28ACE+10%29&rft.atitle=Distribution%2C+populations+trends%2C+ecological+impacts%2C+and+implications+of+quagga+mussels+in+the+Great+Lakes+Region&rft.au=Nalepa%2C+Thomas&rft.aulast=Nalepa&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2010-06-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=129th+Annual+Conference+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Water+Works+Association+%28ACE+10%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://apps.awwa.org/ebusmain/default.aspx?tabid=265&viewer=dates&meet LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Logistic Models for Large Data Sets with Temporal Autocorrelation for Multiple Animals: Marine Mammal Haul-out Models T2 - 21th Annual Conference of The International Environmetrics Society (TIES 2010) AN - 839690885; 5944967 JF - 21th Annual Conference of The International Environmetrics Society (TIES 2010) AU - Ver Hoef, Jay Y1 - 2010/06/20/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 20 KW - {Q1} KW - Marine mammals KW - Data processing KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839690885?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=21th+Annual+Conference+of+The+International+Environmetrics+Society+%28TIES+2010%29&rft.atitle=Logistic+Models+for+Large+Data+Sets+with+Temporal+Autocorrelation+for+Multiple+Animals%3A+Marine+Mammal+Haul-out+Models&rft.au=Ver+Hoef%2C+Jay&rft.aulast=Ver+Hoef&rft.aufirst=Jay&rft.date=2010-06-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=21th+Annual+Conference+of+The+International+Environmetrics+Society+%28TIES+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ties2010.cesma.usb.ve/Scientific%20Program.html LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Formation of Dynamic Clusters in Concentrated Protein Solutions T2 - 84th Colloid and Surface Science Symposium AN - 839690239; 5926006 JF - 84th Colloid and Surface Science Symposium AU - Liu, Yun AU - Porcar, Lionel AU - Chen, Wei-Ren AU - Fratini, Emiliano AU - Falus, Peter AU - Baglioni, Piero AU - Hong, Kunlun Y1 - 2010/06/20/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 20 KW - {Q1} KW - Proteins KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839690239?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=84th+Colloid+and+Surface+Science+Symposium&rft.atitle=Formation+of+Dynamic+Clusters+in+Concentrated+Protein+Solutions&rft.au=Liu%2C+Yun%3BPorcar%2C+Lionel%3BChen%2C+Wei-Ren%3BFratini%2C+Emiliano%3BFalus%2C+Peter%3BBaglioni%2C+Piero%3BHong%2C+Kunlun&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Yun&rft.date=2010-06-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=84th+Colloid+and+Surface+Science+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.uakron.edu/colloids2010/technical_program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Interfacial Rheology and Mass Transfer Kinetics in Complex, Microchannel Flows T2 - 84th Colloid and Surface Science Symposium AN - 839679962; 5925980 JF - 84th Colloid and Surface Science Symposium AU - Martin, Jeffrey AU - Hudson, Steven Y1 - 2010/06/20/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 20 KW - {Q1} KW - Kinetics KW - Rheology KW - Mass transfer KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839679962?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=84th+Colloid+and+Surface+Science+Symposium&rft.atitle=Interfacial+Rheology+and+Mass+Transfer+Kinetics+in+Complex%2C+Microchannel+Flows&rft.au=Martin%2C+Jeffrey%3BHudson%2C+Steven&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=2010-06-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=84th+Colloid+and+Surface+Science+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.uakron.edu/colloids2010/technical_program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Sea-Ice in the NCEP Climate Forecast System Reanalysis T2 - 20th International Offshore (Ocean) and Polar Engineering Conference & Exhibition (ISOPE-2010) AN - 839666497; 5927843 JF - 20th International Offshore (Ocean) and Polar Engineering Conference & Exhibition (ISOPE-2010) AU - Wu, X AU - Grumbine, R Y1 - 2010/06/20/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 20 KW - {Q1} KW - Sea ice KW - Climate KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839666497?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=20th+International+Offshore+%28Ocean%29+and+Polar+Engineering+Conference+%26+Exhibition+%28ISOPE-2010%29&rft.atitle=Sea-Ice+in+the+NCEP+Climate+Forecast+System+Reanalysis&rft.au=Wu%2C+X%3BGrumbine%2C+R&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2010-06-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=20th+International+Offshore+%28Ocean%29+and+Polar+Engineering+Conference+%26+Exhibition+%28ISOPE-2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.isope.org/conferences/2010/Pap-2010%20Beijing-Sess-Paperlis LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Nist Summer Institute for Middle School Science Teachers: Translating Nist Research into Activities for the Middle School Classroom T2 - 117th Annual Conference and Exposition of the American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE 2010) AN - 839638468; 5889839 JF - 117th Annual Conference and Exposition of the American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE 2010) AU - Satterfield, Mary AU - Heller-Zeisler, Susan Y1 - 2010/06/20/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 20 KW - {Q1} KW - Summer KW - Education KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839638468?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=117th+Annual+Conference+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Society+for+Engineering+Education+%28ASEE+2010%29&rft.atitle=The+Nist+Summer+Institute+for+Middle+School+Science+Teachers%3A+Translating+Nist+Research+into+Activities+for+the+Middle+School+Classroom&rft.au=Satterfield%2C+Mary%3BHeller-Zeisler%2C+Susan&rft.aulast=Satterfield&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2010-06-20&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=117th+Annual+Conference+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Society+for+Engineering+Education+%28ASEE+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://osl.asee.org/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Design of Templated Alkyl Modified Stationary Phases for Enhanced Shape Selectivity T2 - 35th International Symposium on High Performance Liquid Phase Separations and Related Techniques (HPLC 2010) AN - 839601121; 5882260 JF - 35th International Symposium on High Performance Liquid Phase Separations and Related Techniques (HPLC 2010) AU - Rimmer, Catherine AU - Kuhnle, Maximilian AU - Lippa, Katrice AU - Sander, Lane Y1 - 2010/06/19/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 19 KW - {Q1} KW - Stationary phase KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839601121?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+International+Symposium+on+High+Performance+Liquid+Phase+Separations+and+Related+Techniques+%28HPLC+2010%29&rft.atitle=Design+of+Templated+Alkyl+Modified+Stationary+Phases+for+Enhanced+Shape+Selectivity&rft.au=Rimmer%2C+Catherine%3BKuhnle%2C+Maximilian%3BLippa%2C+Katrice%3BSander%2C+Lane&rft.aulast=Rimmer&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft.date=2010-06-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+International+Symposium+on+High+Performance+Liquid+Phase+Separations+and+Related+Techniques+%28HPLC+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.casss.org/associations/9165/files/HPLC%202010%20Program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Characterization of Vaccinium Berry Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) T2 - 35th International Symposium on High Performance Liquid Phase Separations and Related Techniques (HPLC 2010) AN - 839601029; 5882297 JF - 35th International Symposium on High Performance Liquid Phase Separations and Related Techniques (HPLC 2010) AU - Phillips, Melissa AU - Rimmer, Catherine AU - Krueger, Kevin AU - Lowenthal, Mark AU - Lieberman, Rachel AU - Sander, Lane Y1 - 2010/06/19/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 19 KW - {Q1} KW - Fruits KW - {Q2} KW - Vaccinium KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839601029?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+International+Symposium+on+High+Performance+Liquid+Phase+Separations+and+Related+Techniques+%28HPLC+2010%29&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+Vaccinium+Berry+Standard+Reference+Materials+%28SRMs%29&rft.au=Phillips%2C+Melissa%3BRimmer%2C+Catherine%3BKrueger%2C+Kevin%3BLowenthal%2C+Mark%3BLieberman%2C+Rachel%3BSander%2C+Lane&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=Melissa&rft.date=2010-06-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+International+Symposium+on+High+Performance+Liquid+Phase+Separations+and+Related+Techniques+%28HPLC+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.casss.org/associations/9165/files/HPLC%202010%20Program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Method Development for the Determination of Napthodianthrones and Phloroglucinols in St. John's Wort T2 - 35th International Symposium on High Performance Liquid Phase Separations and Related Techniques (HPLC 2010) AN - 839599654; 5882301 JF - 35th International Symposium on High Performance Liquid Phase Separations and Related Techniques (HPLC 2010) AU - Lieberman, Rachel AU - Rimmer, Catherine AU - Sander, Lane Y1 - 2010/06/19/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 19 KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839599654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+International+Symposium+on+High+Performance+Liquid+Phase+Separations+and+Related+Techniques+%28HPLC+2010%29&rft.atitle=Method+Development+for+the+Determination+of+Napthodianthrones+and+Phloroglucinols+in+St.+John%27s+Wort&rft.au=Lieberman%2C+Rachel%3BRimmer%2C+Catherine%3BSander%2C+Lane&rft.aulast=Lieberman&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rft.date=2010-06-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+International+Symposium+on+High+Performance+Liquid+Phase+Separations+and+Related+Techniques+%28HPLC+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.casss.org/associations/9165/files/HPLC%202010%20Program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Novel Stationary Phases Designed for Molecular Shape Recognition T2 - 35th International Symposium on High Performance Liquid Phase Separations and Related Techniques (HPLC 2010) AN - 839595237; 5882590 JF - 35th International Symposium on High Performance Liquid Phase Separations and Related Techniques (HPLC 2010) AU - Sander, Lane AU - Lippa, Katrice AU - Rimmer, Catherine Y1 - 2010/06/19/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 19 KW - {Q1} KW - Stationary phase KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839595237?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+International+Symposium+on+High+Performance+Liquid+Phase+Separations+and+Related+Techniques+%28HPLC+2010%29&rft.atitle=Novel+Stationary+Phases+Designed+for+Molecular+Shape+Recognition&rft.au=Sander%2C+Lane%3BLippa%2C+Katrice%3BRimmer%2C+Catherine&rft.aulast=Sander&rft.aufirst=Lane&rft.date=2010-06-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+International+Symposium+on+High+Performance+Liquid+Phase+Separations+and+Related+Techniques+%28HPLC+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.casss.org/associations/9165/files/HPLC%202010%20Program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Development of an LC-MS/MS Method for Vitamin D Metabolites in Serum T2 - 35th International Symposium on High Performance Liquid Phase Separations and Related Techniques (HPLC 2010) AN - 839593715; 5882061 JF - 35th International Symposium on High Performance Liquid Phase Separations and Related Techniques (HPLC 2010) AU - Phinney, Karen AU - Bedner, Mary AU - Sander, Lane AU - Sharpless, Katherine AU - Tai, Susan AU - Wise, Stephen AU - Vamathevan, Veronica Y1 - 2010/06/19/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 19 KW - {Q1} KW - Vitamin D KW - Metabolites KW - Serum KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839593715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=35th+International+Symposium+on+High+Performance+Liquid+Phase+Separations+and+Related+Techniques+%28HPLC+2010%29&rft.atitle=Development+of+an+LC-MS%2FMS+Method+for+Vitamin+D+Metabolites+in+Serum&rft.au=Phinney%2C+Karen%3BBedner%2C+Mary%3BSander%2C+Lane%3BSharpless%2C+Katherine%3BTai%2C+Susan%3BWise%2C+Stephen%3BVamathevan%2C+Veronica&rft.aulast=Phinney&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft.date=2010-06-19&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=35th+International+Symposium+on+High+Performance+Liquid+Phase+Separations+and+Related+Techniques+%28HPLC+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.casss.org/associations/9165/files/HPLC%202010%20Program.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proposed U.S. Policy for Ocean, Coast, and Great Lakes Stewardship AN - 753665407; 13206226 AB - The Deepwater Horizon-BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico is a stark reminder of the intimate dependence of coastal communities on healthy coastal and oceanic ecosystems and of the urgent need to revise policies to ensure wise stewardship of coasts, oceans, and Great Lakes. In the Gulf, and around the world, scientific evidence indicates that coastal and oceanic ecosystems are being disrupted and depleted, with serious consequences for human well- being . Oil spills are but one threat. Overfishing, destructive fishing gear, nutrient and chemical pollution, habitat loss, and introduction of nonnative species threaten the health of these ecosystems. Climate change and ocean acidification interact with and exacerbate the impacts of these stressors. The result is the loss of many benefits that humans want and need from these ecosystems, including healthy seafood, clean beaches, resilient economies and jobs, cultural and recreational opportunities, vibrant coastal communities, protection against hurricanes, abundant wildlife, provision of drinking water, and the oxygen that we breathe JF - Science (Washington) AU - Lubchenco, Jane AU - Sutley, Nancy AD - Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere and Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Washington, DC 20230, USA., jane.lubchenco@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/06/18/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 18 SP - 1485 EP - 1486 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1200 New York Avenue, NW Washington DC 20005 USA, [mailto:membership@aaas.org], [URL:http://www.aaas.org] VL - 328 IS - 5985 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Ecosystems KW - Freshwater KW - Gulfs KW - Fishing Gear KW - Lakes KW - Economics KW - Oil spills KW - Brackish KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - resource exploitation KW - Oxygen KW - Coastal zone KW - overfishing KW - Coastal oceanography KW - Benefits KW - culture KW - Oil slicks KW - Eutrophication KW - Climate change KW - Fishing gear KW - Fishery policy KW - Fishing KW - Oil Spills KW - Seawater pollution KW - Oil pollution KW - Acidification KW - Seafood KW - Coasts KW - Marine KW - Beaches KW - Overfishing KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - Hurricanes KW - Recreation areas KW - Oceans KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - Nature conservation KW - fishing KW - Drinking water KW - Introduced species KW - Pollution control KW - Q2 09122:Legislation KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/753665407?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+%28Washington%29&rft.atitle=Proposed+U.S.+Policy+for+Ocean%2C+Coast%2C+and+Great+Lakes+Stewardship&rft.au=Lubchenco%2C+Jane%3BSutley%2C+Nancy&rft.aulast=Lubchenco&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft.date=2010-06-18&rft.volume=328&rft.issue=5985&rft.spage=1485&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+%28Washington%29&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.1190041 L2 - http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/reprint/328/5985/1485.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fishery policy; Eutrophication; Fishing gear; Overfishing; Nature conservation; Oil pollution; Seafood; Introduced species; Oil spills; Pollution control; Hurricanes; Fishing; Oil slicks; Ecosystems; Climate change; Coastal oceanography; Seawater pollution; Acidification; Beaches; resource exploitation; Ecosystem disturbance; Oxygen; Lakes; Coastal zone; overfishing; Recreation areas; Oceans; Economics; fishing; Drinking water; culture; Fishing Gear; Oil Spills; Benefits; Gulfs; Coasts; ASW, Mexico Gulf; North America, Great Lakes; Freshwater; Brackish; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1190041 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). [Part 19 of 22] T2 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). AN - 873131294; 14378-7_0019 AB - PURPOSE: Implementation of a limited access privilege program for the Pacific Coast Groundfish Limited Entry (LE) Trawl Fishery is proposed. Despite a program to reduce fishing capacity through the buyback of groundfish LE permits and associated vessels, management of the west coast LE groundfish trawl fishery is still marked by biological, social, and economic concerns and the trawl fishery is currently viewed as economically unsustainable. One major concern is the management of bycatch, particularly of overfished species. Over the past several years the Pacific Fishery Management Councils groundfish management efforts have focused on drafting rebuilding plans for overfished species, minimizing bycatch and specific management of overfished species. The trawl rationalization program is expected to provide individual fishery participants more flexibility and more accountability for their impact on overfished species, other groundfish species, and possibly Pacific halibut. Current trawl target species includes flatfish, roundfish, thornyheads, and a few species of rockfish. Primary flatfish target species include petrale sole and Dover sole. Roundfish target species include Pacific whiting, Pacific cod, and sablefish. Some rockfish species were important trawl targets until the mid 1990s, but seven rockfish species are currently declared overfished and rockfish are generally no longer a target of these fisheries. The groundfish trawl fishery is subject to a federal license limitation program implemented in 1992; currently there are 178 extant groundfish LE trawl permits. The LE trawl fishery is divided into two broad sectors: a multi-species trawl fishery, which most often uses bottom trawl gear (called the nonwhiting sector), and the whiting fishery, which uses midwater trawl gear. Nonwhiting trawlers target the range of species described above with the exception of Pacific whiting. The whiting fishery is further subdivided into three components. The shore-based fishery delivers their catch to processing facilities on land and the vessels are similar in size and configuration to the nonwhiting fishery. In the mothership sector, catcher vessels deliver to floating processors called motherships. The catcher-processor sector comprises vessels that both catch Pacific whiting and process it on board. In terms of the types of trawl rationalization measures that would be applied, these four sectors (nonwhiting trawl, shoreside whiting, motherships, and catcher processors) are considered separately. Four alternatives for implementing the trawl rationalization program are considered in this final EIS. Under the No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), most elements of the current management regime would remain in place. Under Alternative 2, all groundfish trawl sectors would be managed with individual fishing quotas (IFQs) which would replace the current two-month cumulative trip limit periods in the nonwhiting fishery and season/quota-based management in the whiting fishery. Management of the nonwhiting sector under Alternative 3 would be similar to Alternative 2 using IFQs, while the three whiting sectors would be managed with separate cooperatives for each. Alternative 4 would use IFQs as the management tool for a combined whitng and nonwhiting shoreside sectors and cooperatives for the two at-sea whiting sectors. Alternative 4b is the preferred alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed program would increase net economic benefits, create individual economic stability, provide full utilization of the trawl sector allocation, consider environmental impacts, and achieve individual accountability of catch and bycatch. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Rationalization would result in a decrease in the number of captain and crew jobs, although wages would increase for the remaining positions. Fishing communities would be differentially affected due to fleet and processor consolidation. Concentration of vessels and commercial infrastructure in fewer ports would disadvantage communities that lose vessels and infrastructure. Additional resources would be needed for program startup and management. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0475D, Volume 33, Number 4. JF - EPA number: 100227, Final EIS--683 pages, Appendices--813 pages, June 17, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 19 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Employment KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873131294?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-06-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.title=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 17, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). [Part 15 of 22] T2 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). AN - 873131279; 14378-7_0015 AB - PURPOSE: Implementation of a limited access privilege program for the Pacific Coast Groundfish Limited Entry (LE) Trawl Fishery is proposed. Despite a program to reduce fishing capacity through the buyback of groundfish LE permits and associated vessels, management of the west coast LE groundfish trawl fishery is still marked by biological, social, and economic concerns and the trawl fishery is currently viewed as economically unsustainable. One major concern is the management of bycatch, particularly of overfished species. Over the past several years the Pacific Fishery Management Councils groundfish management efforts have focused on drafting rebuilding plans for overfished species, minimizing bycatch and specific management of overfished species. The trawl rationalization program is expected to provide individual fishery participants more flexibility and more accountability for their impact on overfished species, other groundfish species, and possibly Pacific halibut. Current trawl target species includes flatfish, roundfish, thornyheads, and a few species of rockfish. Primary flatfish target species include petrale sole and Dover sole. Roundfish target species include Pacific whiting, Pacific cod, and sablefish. Some rockfish species were important trawl targets until the mid 1990s, but seven rockfish species are currently declared overfished and rockfish are generally no longer a target of these fisheries. The groundfish trawl fishery is subject to a federal license limitation program implemented in 1992; currently there are 178 extant groundfish LE trawl permits. The LE trawl fishery is divided into two broad sectors: a multi-species trawl fishery, which most often uses bottom trawl gear (called the nonwhiting sector), and the whiting fishery, which uses midwater trawl gear. Nonwhiting trawlers target the range of species described above with the exception of Pacific whiting. The whiting fishery is further subdivided into three components. The shore-based fishery delivers their catch to processing facilities on land and the vessels are similar in size and configuration to the nonwhiting fishery. In the mothership sector, catcher vessels deliver to floating processors called motherships. The catcher-processor sector comprises vessels that both catch Pacific whiting and process it on board. In terms of the types of trawl rationalization measures that would be applied, these four sectors (nonwhiting trawl, shoreside whiting, motherships, and catcher processors) are considered separately. Four alternatives for implementing the trawl rationalization program are considered in this final EIS. Under the No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), most elements of the current management regime would remain in place. Under Alternative 2, all groundfish trawl sectors would be managed with individual fishing quotas (IFQs) which would replace the current two-month cumulative trip limit periods in the nonwhiting fishery and season/quota-based management in the whiting fishery. Management of the nonwhiting sector under Alternative 3 would be similar to Alternative 2 using IFQs, while the three whiting sectors would be managed with separate cooperatives for each. Alternative 4 would use IFQs as the management tool for a combined whitng and nonwhiting shoreside sectors and cooperatives for the two at-sea whiting sectors. Alternative 4b is the preferred alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed program would increase net economic benefits, create individual economic stability, provide full utilization of the trawl sector allocation, consider environmental impacts, and achieve individual accountability of catch and bycatch. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Rationalization would result in a decrease in the number of captain and crew jobs, although wages would increase for the remaining positions. Fishing communities would be differentially affected due to fleet and processor consolidation. Concentration of vessels and commercial infrastructure in fewer ports would disadvantage communities that lose vessels and infrastructure. Additional resources would be needed for program startup and management. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0475D, Volume 33, Number 4. JF - EPA number: 100227, Final EIS--683 pages, Appendices--813 pages, June 17, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 15 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Employment KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873131279?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-06-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.title=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 17, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). [Part 4 of 22] T2 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). AN - 873131269; 14378-7_0004 AB - PURPOSE: Implementation of a limited access privilege program for the Pacific Coast Groundfish Limited Entry (LE) Trawl Fishery is proposed. Despite a program to reduce fishing capacity through the buyback of groundfish LE permits and associated vessels, management of the west coast LE groundfish trawl fishery is still marked by biological, social, and economic concerns and the trawl fishery is currently viewed as economically unsustainable. One major concern is the management of bycatch, particularly of overfished species. Over the past several years the Pacific Fishery Management Councils groundfish management efforts have focused on drafting rebuilding plans for overfished species, minimizing bycatch and specific management of overfished species. The trawl rationalization program is expected to provide individual fishery participants more flexibility and more accountability for their impact on overfished species, other groundfish species, and possibly Pacific halibut. Current trawl target species includes flatfish, roundfish, thornyheads, and a few species of rockfish. Primary flatfish target species include petrale sole and Dover sole. Roundfish target species include Pacific whiting, Pacific cod, and sablefish. Some rockfish species were important trawl targets until the mid 1990s, but seven rockfish species are currently declared overfished and rockfish are generally no longer a target of these fisheries. The groundfish trawl fishery is subject to a federal license limitation program implemented in 1992; currently there are 178 extant groundfish LE trawl permits. The LE trawl fishery is divided into two broad sectors: a multi-species trawl fishery, which most often uses bottom trawl gear (called the nonwhiting sector), and the whiting fishery, which uses midwater trawl gear. Nonwhiting trawlers target the range of species described above with the exception of Pacific whiting. The whiting fishery is further subdivided into three components. The shore-based fishery delivers their catch to processing facilities on land and the vessels are similar in size and configuration to the nonwhiting fishery. In the mothership sector, catcher vessels deliver to floating processors called motherships. The catcher-processor sector comprises vessels that both catch Pacific whiting and process it on board. In terms of the types of trawl rationalization measures that would be applied, these four sectors (nonwhiting trawl, shoreside whiting, motherships, and catcher processors) are considered separately. Four alternatives for implementing the trawl rationalization program are considered in this final EIS. Under the No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), most elements of the current management regime would remain in place. Under Alternative 2, all groundfish trawl sectors would be managed with individual fishing quotas (IFQs) which would replace the current two-month cumulative trip limit periods in the nonwhiting fishery and season/quota-based management in the whiting fishery. Management of the nonwhiting sector under Alternative 3 would be similar to Alternative 2 using IFQs, while the three whiting sectors would be managed with separate cooperatives for each. Alternative 4 would use IFQs as the management tool for a combined whitng and nonwhiting shoreside sectors and cooperatives for the two at-sea whiting sectors. Alternative 4b is the preferred alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed program would increase net economic benefits, create individual economic stability, provide full utilization of the trawl sector allocation, consider environmental impacts, and achieve individual accountability of catch and bycatch. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Rationalization would result in a decrease in the number of captain and crew jobs, although wages would increase for the remaining positions. Fishing communities would be differentially affected due to fleet and processor consolidation. Concentration of vessels and commercial infrastructure in fewer ports would disadvantage communities that lose vessels and infrastructure. Additional resources would be needed for program startup and management. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0475D, Volume 33, Number 4. JF - EPA number: 100227, Final EIS--683 pages, Appendices--813 pages, June 17, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 4 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Employment KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873131269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-06-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.title=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 17, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). [Part 3 of 22] T2 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). AN - 873131157; 14378-7_0003 AB - PURPOSE: Implementation of a limited access privilege program for the Pacific Coast Groundfish Limited Entry (LE) Trawl Fishery is proposed. Despite a program to reduce fishing capacity through the buyback of groundfish LE permits and associated vessels, management of the west coast LE groundfish trawl fishery is still marked by biological, social, and economic concerns and the trawl fishery is currently viewed as economically unsustainable. One major concern is the management of bycatch, particularly of overfished species. Over the past several years the Pacific Fishery Management Councils groundfish management efforts have focused on drafting rebuilding plans for overfished species, minimizing bycatch and specific management of overfished species. The trawl rationalization program is expected to provide individual fishery participants more flexibility and more accountability for their impact on overfished species, other groundfish species, and possibly Pacific halibut. Current trawl target species includes flatfish, roundfish, thornyheads, and a few species of rockfish. Primary flatfish target species include petrale sole and Dover sole. Roundfish target species include Pacific whiting, Pacific cod, and sablefish. Some rockfish species were important trawl targets until the mid 1990s, but seven rockfish species are currently declared overfished and rockfish are generally no longer a target of these fisheries. The groundfish trawl fishery is subject to a federal license limitation program implemented in 1992; currently there are 178 extant groundfish LE trawl permits. The LE trawl fishery is divided into two broad sectors: a multi-species trawl fishery, which most often uses bottom trawl gear (called the nonwhiting sector), and the whiting fishery, which uses midwater trawl gear. Nonwhiting trawlers target the range of species described above with the exception of Pacific whiting. The whiting fishery is further subdivided into three components. The shore-based fishery delivers their catch to processing facilities on land and the vessels are similar in size and configuration to the nonwhiting fishery. In the mothership sector, catcher vessels deliver to floating processors called motherships. The catcher-processor sector comprises vessels that both catch Pacific whiting and process it on board. In terms of the types of trawl rationalization measures that would be applied, these four sectors (nonwhiting trawl, shoreside whiting, motherships, and catcher processors) are considered separately. Four alternatives for implementing the trawl rationalization program are considered in this final EIS. Under the No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), most elements of the current management regime would remain in place. Under Alternative 2, all groundfish trawl sectors would be managed with individual fishing quotas (IFQs) which would replace the current two-month cumulative trip limit periods in the nonwhiting fishery and season/quota-based management in the whiting fishery. Management of the nonwhiting sector under Alternative 3 would be similar to Alternative 2 using IFQs, while the three whiting sectors would be managed with separate cooperatives for each. Alternative 4 would use IFQs as the management tool for a combined whitng and nonwhiting shoreside sectors and cooperatives for the two at-sea whiting sectors. Alternative 4b is the preferred alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed program would increase net economic benefits, create individual economic stability, provide full utilization of the trawl sector allocation, consider environmental impacts, and achieve individual accountability of catch and bycatch. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Rationalization would result in a decrease in the number of captain and crew jobs, although wages would increase for the remaining positions. Fishing communities would be differentially affected due to fleet and processor consolidation. Concentration of vessels and commercial infrastructure in fewer ports would disadvantage communities that lose vessels and infrastructure. Additional resources would be needed for program startup and management. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0475D, Volume 33, Number 4. JF - EPA number: 100227, Final EIS--683 pages, Appendices--813 pages, June 17, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 3 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Employment KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873131157?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-06-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.title=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 17, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). [Part 13 of 22] T2 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). AN - 873131148; 14378-7_0013 AB - PURPOSE: Implementation of a limited access privilege program for the Pacific Coast Groundfish Limited Entry (LE) Trawl Fishery is proposed. Despite a program to reduce fishing capacity through the buyback of groundfish LE permits and associated vessels, management of the west coast LE groundfish trawl fishery is still marked by biological, social, and economic concerns and the trawl fishery is currently viewed as economically unsustainable. One major concern is the management of bycatch, particularly of overfished species. Over the past several years the Pacific Fishery Management Councils groundfish management efforts have focused on drafting rebuilding plans for overfished species, minimizing bycatch and specific management of overfished species. The trawl rationalization program is expected to provide individual fishery participants more flexibility and more accountability for their impact on overfished species, other groundfish species, and possibly Pacific halibut. Current trawl target species includes flatfish, roundfish, thornyheads, and a few species of rockfish. Primary flatfish target species include petrale sole and Dover sole. Roundfish target species include Pacific whiting, Pacific cod, and sablefish. Some rockfish species were important trawl targets until the mid 1990s, but seven rockfish species are currently declared overfished and rockfish are generally no longer a target of these fisheries. The groundfish trawl fishery is subject to a federal license limitation program implemented in 1992; currently there are 178 extant groundfish LE trawl permits. The LE trawl fishery is divided into two broad sectors: a multi-species trawl fishery, which most often uses bottom trawl gear (called the nonwhiting sector), and the whiting fishery, which uses midwater trawl gear. Nonwhiting trawlers target the range of species described above with the exception of Pacific whiting. The whiting fishery is further subdivided into three components. The shore-based fishery delivers their catch to processing facilities on land and the vessels are similar in size and configuration to the nonwhiting fishery. In the mothership sector, catcher vessels deliver to floating processors called motherships. The catcher-processor sector comprises vessels that both catch Pacific whiting and process it on board. In terms of the types of trawl rationalization measures that would be applied, these four sectors (nonwhiting trawl, shoreside whiting, motherships, and catcher processors) are considered separately. Four alternatives for implementing the trawl rationalization program are considered in this final EIS. Under the No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), most elements of the current management regime would remain in place. Under Alternative 2, all groundfish trawl sectors would be managed with individual fishing quotas (IFQs) which would replace the current two-month cumulative trip limit periods in the nonwhiting fishery and season/quota-based management in the whiting fishery. Management of the nonwhiting sector under Alternative 3 would be similar to Alternative 2 using IFQs, while the three whiting sectors would be managed with separate cooperatives for each. Alternative 4 would use IFQs as the management tool for a combined whitng and nonwhiting shoreside sectors and cooperatives for the two at-sea whiting sectors. Alternative 4b is the preferred alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed program would increase net economic benefits, create individual economic stability, provide full utilization of the trawl sector allocation, consider environmental impacts, and achieve individual accountability of catch and bycatch. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Rationalization would result in a decrease in the number of captain and crew jobs, although wages would increase for the remaining positions. Fishing communities would be differentially affected due to fleet and processor consolidation. Concentration of vessels and commercial infrastructure in fewer ports would disadvantage communities that lose vessels and infrastructure. Additional resources would be needed for program startup and management. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0475D, Volume 33, Number 4. JF - EPA number: 100227, Final EIS--683 pages, Appendices--813 pages, June 17, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 13 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Employment KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873131148?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-06-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.title=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 17, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). [Part 12 of 22] T2 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). AN - 873131142; 14378-7_0012 AB - PURPOSE: Implementation of a limited access privilege program for the Pacific Coast Groundfish Limited Entry (LE) Trawl Fishery is proposed. Despite a program to reduce fishing capacity through the buyback of groundfish LE permits and associated vessels, management of the west coast LE groundfish trawl fishery is still marked by biological, social, and economic concerns and the trawl fishery is currently viewed as economically unsustainable. One major concern is the management of bycatch, particularly of overfished species. Over the past several years the Pacific Fishery Management Councils groundfish management efforts have focused on drafting rebuilding plans for overfished species, minimizing bycatch and specific management of overfished species. The trawl rationalization program is expected to provide individual fishery participants more flexibility and more accountability for their impact on overfished species, other groundfish species, and possibly Pacific halibut. Current trawl target species includes flatfish, roundfish, thornyheads, and a few species of rockfish. Primary flatfish target species include petrale sole and Dover sole. Roundfish target species include Pacific whiting, Pacific cod, and sablefish. Some rockfish species were important trawl targets until the mid 1990s, but seven rockfish species are currently declared overfished and rockfish are generally no longer a target of these fisheries. The groundfish trawl fishery is subject to a federal license limitation program implemented in 1992; currently there are 178 extant groundfish LE trawl permits. The LE trawl fishery is divided into two broad sectors: a multi-species trawl fishery, which most often uses bottom trawl gear (called the nonwhiting sector), and the whiting fishery, which uses midwater trawl gear. Nonwhiting trawlers target the range of species described above with the exception of Pacific whiting. The whiting fishery is further subdivided into three components. The shore-based fishery delivers their catch to processing facilities on land and the vessels are similar in size and configuration to the nonwhiting fishery. In the mothership sector, catcher vessels deliver to floating processors called motherships. The catcher-processor sector comprises vessels that both catch Pacific whiting and process it on board. In terms of the types of trawl rationalization measures that would be applied, these four sectors (nonwhiting trawl, shoreside whiting, motherships, and catcher processors) are considered separately. Four alternatives for implementing the trawl rationalization program are considered in this final EIS. Under the No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), most elements of the current management regime would remain in place. Under Alternative 2, all groundfish trawl sectors would be managed with individual fishing quotas (IFQs) which would replace the current two-month cumulative trip limit periods in the nonwhiting fishery and season/quota-based management in the whiting fishery. Management of the nonwhiting sector under Alternative 3 would be similar to Alternative 2 using IFQs, while the three whiting sectors would be managed with separate cooperatives for each. Alternative 4 would use IFQs as the management tool for a combined whitng and nonwhiting shoreside sectors and cooperatives for the two at-sea whiting sectors. Alternative 4b is the preferred alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed program would increase net economic benefits, create individual economic stability, provide full utilization of the trawl sector allocation, consider environmental impacts, and achieve individual accountability of catch and bycatch. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Rationalization would result in a decrease in the number of captain and crew jobs, although wages would increase for the remaining positions. Fishing communities would be differentially affected due to fleet and processor consolidation. Concentration of vessels and commercial infrastructure in fewer ports would disadvantage communities that lose vessels and infrastructure. Additional resources would be needed for program startup and management. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0475D, Volume 33, Number 4. JF - EPA number: 100227, Final EIS--683 pages, Appendices--813 pages, June 17, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 12 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Employment KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873131142?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-06-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.title=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 17, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). [Part 14 of 22] T2 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). AN - 873130793; 14378-7_0014 AB - PURPOSE: Implementation of a limited access privilege program for the Pacific Coast Groundfish Limited Entry (LE) Trawl Fishery is proposed. Despite a program to reduce fishing capacity through the buyback of groundfish LE permits and associated vessels, management of the west coast LE groundfish trawl fishery is still marked by biological, social, and economic concerns and the trawl fishery is currently viewed as economically unsustainable. One major concern is the management of bycatch, particularly of overfished species. Over the past several years the Pacific Fishery Management Councils groundfish management efforts have focused on drafting rebuilding plans for overfished species, minimizing bycatch and specific management of overfished species. The trawl rationalization program is expected to provide individual fishery participants more flexibility and more accountability for their impact on overfished species, other groundfish species, and possibly Pacific halibut. Current trawl target species includes flatfish, roundfish, thornyheads, and a few species of rockfish. Primary flatfish target species include petrale sole and Dover sole. Roundfish target species include Pacific whiting, Pacific cod, and sablefish. Some rockfish species were important trawl targets until the mid 1990s, but seven rockfish species are currently declared overfished and rockfish are generally no longer a target of these fisheries. The groundfish trawl fishery is subject to a federal license limitation program implemented in 1992; currently there are 178 extant groundfish LE trawl permits. The LE trawl fishery is divided into two broad sectors: a multi-species trawl fishery, which most often uses bottom trawl gear (called the nonwhiting sector), and the whiting fishery, which uses midwater trawl gear. Nonwhiting trawlers target the range of species described above with the exception of Pacific whiting. The whiting fishery is further subdivided into three components. The shore-based fishery delivers their catch to processing facilities on land and the vessels are similar in size and configuration to the nonwhiting fishery. In the mothership sector, catcher vessels deliver to floating processors called motherships. The catcher-processor sector comprises vessels that both catch Pacific whiting and process it on board. In terms of the types of trawl rationalization measures that would be applied, these four sectors (nonwhiting trawl, shoreside whiting, motherships, and catcher processors) are considered separately. Four alternatives for implementing the trawl rationalization program are considered in this final EIS. Under the No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), most elements of the current management regime would remain in place. Under Alternative 2, all groundfish trawl sectors would be managed with individual fishing quotas (IFQs) which would replace the current two-month cumulative trip limit periods in the nonwhiting fishery and season/quota-based management in the whiting fishery. Management of the nonwhiting sector under Alternative 3 would be similar to Alternative 2 using IFQs, while the three whiting sectors would be managed with separate cooperatives for each. Alternative 4 would use IFQs as the management tool for a combined whitng and nonwhiting shoreside sectors and cooperatives for the two at-sea whiting sectors. Alternative 4b is the preferred alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed program would increase net economic benefits, create individual economic stability, provide full utilization of the trawl sector allocation, consider environmental impacts, and achieve individual accountability of catch and bycatch. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Rationalization would result in a decrease in the number of captain and crew jobs, although wages would increase for the remaining positions. Fishing communities would be differentially affected due to fleet and processor consolidation. Concentration of vessels and commercial infrastructure in fewer ports would disadvantage communities that lose vessels and infrastructure. Additional resources would be needed for program startup and management. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0475D, Volume 33, Number 4. JF - EPA number: 100227, Final EIS--683 pages, Appendices--813 pages, June 17, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 14 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Employment KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873130793?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-06-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.title=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 17, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). [Part 22 of 22] T2 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). AN - 873130411; 14378-7_0022 AB - PURPOSE: Implementation of a limited access privilege program for the Pacific Coast Groundfish Limited Entry (LE) Trawl Fishery is proposed. Despite a program to reduce fishing capacity through the buyback of groundfish LE permits and associated vessels, management of the west coast LE groundfish trawl fishery is still marked by biological, social, and economic concerns and the trawl fishery is currently viewed as economically unsustainable. One major concern is the management of bycatch, particularly of overfished species. Over the past several years the Pacific Fishery Management Councils groundfish management efforts have focused on drafting rebuilding plans for overfished species, minimizing bycatch and specific management of overfished species. The trawl rationalization program is expected to provide individual fishery participants more flexibility and more accountability for their impact on overfished species, other groundfish species, and possibly Pacific halibut. Current trawl target species includes flatfish, roundfish, thornyheads, and a few species of rockfish. Primary flatfish target species include petrale sole and Dover sole. Roundfish target species include Pacific whiting, Pacific cod, and sablefish. Some rockfish species were important trawl targets until the mid 1990s, but seven rockfish species are currently declared overfished and rockfish are generally no longer a target of these fisheries. The groundfish trawl fishery is subject to a federal license limitation program implemented in 1992; currently there are 178 extant groundfish LE trawl permits. The LE trawl fishery is divided into two broad sectors: a multi-species trawl fishery, which most often uses bottom trawl gear (called the nonwhiting sector), and the whiting fishery, which uses midwater trawl gear. Nonwhiting trawlers target the range of species described above with the exception of Pacific whiting. The whiting fishery is further subdivided into three components. The shore-based fishery delivers their catch to processing facilities on land and the vessels are similar in size and configuration to the nonwhiting fishery. In the mothership sector, catcher vessels deliver to floating processors called motherships. The catcher-processor sector comprises vessels that both catch Pacific whiting and process it on board. In terms of the types of trawl rationalization measures that would be applied, these four sectors (nonwhiting trawl, shoreside whiting, motherships, and catcher processors) are considered separately. Four alternatives for implementing the trawl rationalization program are considered in this final EIS. Under the No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), most elements of the current management regime would remain in place. Under Alternative 2, all groundfish trawl sectors would be managed with individual fishing quotas (IFQs) which would replace the current two-month cumulative trip limit periods in the nonwhiting fishery and season/quota-based management in the whiting fishery. Management of the nonwhiting sector under Alternative 3 would be similar to Alternative 2 using IFQs, while the three whiting sectors would be managed with separate cooperatives for each. Alternative 4 would use IFQs as the management tool for a combined whitng and nonwhiting shoreside sectors and cooperatives for the two at-sea whiting sectors. Alternative 4b is the preferred alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed program would increase net economic benefits, create individual economic stability, provide full utilization of the trawl sector allocation, consider environmental impacts, and achieve individual accountability of catch and bycatch. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Rationalization would result in a decrease in the number of captain and crew jobs, although wages would increase for the remaining positions. Fishing communities would be differentially affected due to fleet and processor consolidation. Concentration of vessels and commercial infrastructure in fewer ports would disadvantage communities that lose vessels and infrastructure. Additional resources would be needed for program startup and management. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0475D, Volume 33, Number 4. JF - EPA number: 100227, Final EIS--683 pages, Appendices--813 pages, June 17, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 22 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Employment KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873130411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-06-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.title=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 17, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). [Part 21 of 22] T2 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). AN - 873130399; 14378-7_0021 AB - PURPOSE: Implementation of a limited access privilege program for the Pacific Coast Groundfish Limited Entry (LE) Trawl Fishery is proposed. Despite a program to reduce fishing capacity through the buyback of groundfish LE permits and associated vessels, management of the west coast LE groundfish trawl fishery is still marked by biological, social, and economic concerns and the trawl fishery is currently viewed as economically unsustainable. One major concern is the management of bycatch, particularly of overfished species. Over the past several years the Pacific Fishery Management Councils groundfish management efforts have focused on drafting rebuilding plans for overfished species, minimizing bycatch and specific management of overfished species. The trawl rationalization program is expected to provide individual fishery participants more flexibility and more accountability for their impact on overfished species, other groundfish species, and possibly Pacific halibut. Current trawl target species includes flatfish, roundfish, thornyheads, and a few species of rockfish. Primary flatfish target species include petrale sole and Dover sole. Roundfish target species include Pacific whiting, Pacific cod, and sablefish. Some rockfish species were important trawl targets until the mid 1990s, but seven rockfish species are currently declared overfished and rockfish are generally no longer a target of these fisheries. The groundfish trawl fishery is subject to a federal license limitation program implemented in 1992; currently there are 178 extant groundfish LE trawl permits. The LE trawl fishery is divided into two broad sectors: a multi-species trawl fishery, which most often uses bottom trawl gear (called the nonwhiting sector), and the whiting fishery, which uses midwater trawl gear. Nonwhiting trawlers target the range of species described above with the exception of Pacific whiting. The whiting fishery is further subdivided into three components. The shore-based fishery delivers their catch to processing facilities on land and the vessels are similar in size and configuration to the nonwhiting fishery. In the mothership sector, catcher vessels deliver to floating processors called motherships. The catcher-processor sector comprises vessels that both catch Pacific whiting and process it on board. In terms of the types of trawl rationalization measures that would be applied, these four sectors (nonwhiting trawl, shoreside whiting, motherships, and catcher processors) are considered separately. Four alternatives for implementing the trawl rationalization program are considered in this final EIS. Under the No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), most elements of the current management regime would remain in place. Under Alternative 2, all groundfish trawl sectors would be managed with individual fishing quotas (IFQs) which would replace the current two-month cumulative trip limit periods in the nonwhiting fishery and season/quota-based management in the whiting fishery. Management of the nonwhiting sector under Alternative 3 would be similar to Alternative 2 using IFQs, while the three whiting sectors would be managed with separate cooperatives for each. Alternative 4 would use IFQs as the management tool for a combined whitng and nonwhiting shoreside sectors and cooperatives for the two at-sea whiting sectors. Alternative 4b is the preferred alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed program would increase net economic benefits, create individual economic stability, provide full utilization of the trawl sector allocation, consider environmental impacts, and achieve individual accountability of catch and bycatch. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Rationalization would result in a decrease in the number of captain and crew jobs, although wages would increase for the remaining positions. Fishing communities would be differentially affected due to fleet and processor consolidation. Concentration of vessels and commercial infrastructure in fewer ports would disadvantage communities that lose vessels and infrastructure. Additional resources would be needed for program startup and management. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0475D, Volume 33, Number 4. JF - EPA number: 100227, Final EIS--683 pages, Appendices--813 pages, June 17, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 21 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Employment KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873130399?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-06-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.title=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 17, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). [Part 20 of 22] T2 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). AN - 873130392; 14378-7_0020 AB - PURPOSE: Implementation of a limited access privilege program for the Pacific Coast Groundfish Limited Entry (LE) Trawl Fishery is proposed. Despite a program to reduce fishing capacity through the buyback of groundfish LE permits and associated vessels, management of the west coast LE groundfish trawl fishery is still marked by biological, social, and economic concerns and the trawl fishery is currently viewed as economically unsustainable. One major concern is the management of bycatch, particularly of overfished species. Over the past several years the Pacific Fishery Management Councils groundfish management efforts have focused on drafting rebuilding plans for overfished species, minimizing bycatch and specific management of overfished species. The trawl rationalization program is expected to provide individual fishery participants more flexibility and more accountability for their impact on overfished species, other groundfish species, and possibly Pacific halibut. Current trawl target species includes flatfish, roundfish, thornyheads, and a few species of rockfish. Primary flatfish target species include petrale sole and Dover sole. Roundfish target species include Pacific whiting, Pacific cod, and sablefish. Some rockfish species were important trawl targets until the mid 1990s, but seven rockfish species are currently declared overfished and rockfish are generally no longer a target of these fisheries. The groundfish trawl fishery is subject to a federal license limitation program implemented in 1992; currently there are 178 extant groundfish LE trawl permits. The LE trawl fishery is divided into two broad sectors: a multi-species trawl fishery, which most often uses bottom trawl gear (called the nonwhiting sector), and the whiting fishery, which uses midwater trawl gear. Nonwhiting trawlers target the range of species described above with the exception of Pacific whiting. The whiting fishery is further subdivided into three components. The shore-based fishery delivers their catch to processing facilities on land and the vessels are similar in size and configuration to the nonwhiting fishery. In the mothership sector, catcher vessels deliver to floating processors called motherships. The catcher-processor sector comprises vessels that both catch Pacific whiting and process it on board. In terms of the types of trawl rationalization measures that would be applied, these four sectors (nonwhiting trawl, shoreside whiting, motherships, and catcher processors) are considered separately. Four alternatives for implementing the trawl rationalization program are considered in this final EIS. Under the No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), most elements of the current management regime would remain in place. Under Alternative 2, all groundfish trawl sectors would be managed with individual fishing quotas (IFQs) which would replace the current two-month cumulative trip limit periods in the nonwhiting fishery and season/quota-based management in the whiting fishery. Management of the nonwhiting sector under Alternative 3 would be similar to Alternative 2 using IFQs, while the three whiting sectors would be managed with separate cooperatives for each. Alternative 4 would use IFQs as the management tool for a combined whitng and nonwhiting shoreside sectors and cooperatives for the two at-sea whiting sectors. Alternative 4b is the preferred alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed program would increase net economic benefits, create individual economic stability, provide full utilization of the trawl sector allocation, consider environmental impacts, and achieve individual accountability of catch and bycatch. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Rationalization would result in a decrease in the number of captain and crew jobs, although wages would increase for the remaining positions. Fishing communities would be differentially affected due to fleet and processor consolidation. Concentration of vessels and commercial infrastructure in fewer ports would disadvantage communities that lose vessels and infrastructure. Additional resources would be needed for program startup and management. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0475D, Volume 33, Number 4. JF - EPA number: 100227, Final EIS--683 pages, Appendices--813 pages, June 17, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 20 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Employment KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873130392?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-06-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.title=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 17, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). [Part 18 of 22] T2 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). AN - 873130377; 14378-7_0018 AB - PURPOSE: Implementation of a limited access privilege program for the Pacific Coast Groundfish Limited Entry (LE) Trawl Fishery is proposed. Despite a program to reduce fishing capacity through the buyback of groundfish LE permits and associated vessels, management of the west coast LE groundfish trawl fishery is still marked by biological, social, and economic concerns and the trawl fishery is currently viewed as economically unsustainable. One major concern is the management of bycatch, particularly of overfished species. Over the past several years the Pacific Fishery Management Councils groundfish management efforts have focused on drafting rebuilding plans for overfished species, minimizing bycatch and specific management of overfished species. The trawl rationalization program is expected to provide individual fishery participants more flexibility and more accountability for their impact on overfished species, other groundfish species, and possibly Pacific halibut. Current trawl target species includes flatfish, roundfish, thornyheads, and a few species of rockfish. Primary flatfish target species include petrale sole and Dover sole. Roundfish target species include Pacific whiting, Pacific cod, and sablefish. Some rockfish species were important trawl targets until the mid 1990s, but seven rockfish species are currently declared overfished and rockfish are generally no longer a target of these fisheries. The groundfish trawl fishery is subject to a federal license limitation program implemented in 1992; currently there are 178 extant groundfish LE trawl permits. The LE trawl fishery is divided into two broad sectors: a multi-species trawl fishery, which most often uses bottom trawl gear (called the nonwhiting sector), and the whiting fishery, which uses midwater trawl gear. Nonwhiting trawlers target the range of species described above with the exception of Pacific whiting. The whiting fishery is further subdivided into three components. The shore-based fishery delivers their catch to processing facilities on land and the vessels are similar in size and configuration to the nonwhiting fishery. In the mothership sector, catcher vessels deliver to floating processors called motherships. The catcher-processor sector comprises vessels that both catch Pacific whiting and process it on board. In terms of the types of trawl rationalization measures that would be applied, these four sectors (nonwhiting trawl, shoreside whiting, motherships, and catcher processors) are considered separately. Four alternatives for implementing the trawl rationalization program are considered in this final EIS. Under the No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), most elements of the current management regime would remain in place. Under Alternative 2, all groundfish trawl sectors would be managed with individual fishing quotas (IFQs) which would replace the current two-month cumulative trip limit periods in the nonwhiting fishery and season/quota-based management in the whiting fishery. Management of the nonwhiting sector under Alternative 3 would be similar to Alternative 2 using IFQs, while the three whiting sectors would be managed with separate cooperatives for each. Alternative 4 would use IFQs as the management tool for a combined whitng and nonwhiting shoreside sectors and cooperatives for the two at-sea whiting sectors. Alternative 4b is the preferred alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed program would increase net economic benefits, create individual economic stability, provide full utilization of the trawl sector allocation, consider environmental impacts, and achieve individual accountability of catch and bycatch. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Rationalization would result in a decrease in the number of captain and crew jobs, although wages would increase for the remaining positions. Fishing communities would be differentially affected due to fleet and processor consolidation. Concentration of vessels and commercial infrastructure in fewer ports would disadvantage communities that lose vessels and infrastructure. Additional resources would be needed for program startup and management. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0475D, Volume 33, Number 4. JF - EPA number: 100227, Final EIS--683 pages, Appendices--813 pages, June 17, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 18 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Employment KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873130377?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-06-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.title=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 17, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). [Part 17 of 22] T2 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). AN - 873130362; 14378-7_0017 AB - PURPOSE: Implementation of a limited access privilege program for the Pacific Coast Groundfish Limited Entry (LE) Trawl Fishery is proposed. Despite a program to reduce fishing capacity through the buyback of groundfish LE permits and associated vessels, management of the west coast LE groundfish trawl fishery is still marked by biological, social, and economic concerns and the trawl fishery is currently viewed as economically unsustainable. One major concern is the management of bycatch, particularly of overfished species. Over the past several years the Pacific Fishery Management Councils groundfish management efforts have focused on drafting rebuilding plans for overfished species, minimizing bycatch and specific management of overfished species. The trawl rationalization program is expected to provide individual fishery participants more flexibility and more accountability for their impact on overfished species, other groundfish species, and possibly Pacific halibut. Current trawl target species includes flatfish, roundfish, thornyheads, and a few species of rockfish. Primary flatfish target species include petrale sole and Dover sole. Roundfish target species include Pacific whiting, Pacific cod, and sablefish. Some rockfish species were important trawl targets until the mid 1990s, but seven rockfish species are currently declared overfished and rockfish are generally no longer a target of these fisheries. The groundfish trawl fishery is subject to a federal license limitation program implemented in 1992; currently there are 178 extant groundfish LE trawl permits. The LE trawl fishery is divided into two broad sectors: a multi-species trawl fishery, which most often uses bottom trawl gear (called the nonwhiting sector), and the whiting fishery, which uses midwater trawl gear. Nonwhiting trawlers target the range of species described above with the exception of Pacific whiting. The whiting fishery is further subdivided into three components. The shore-based fishery delivers their catch to processing facilities on land and the vessels are similar in size and configuration to the nonwhiting fishery. In the mothership sector, catcher vessels deliver to floating processors called motherships. The catcher-processor sector comprises vessels that both catch Pacific whiting and process it on board. In terms of the types of trawl rationalization measures that would be applied, these four sectors (nonwhiting trawl, shoreside whiting, motherships, and catcher processors) are considered separately. Four alternatives for implementing the trawl rationalization program are considered in this final EIS. Under the No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), most elements of the current management regime would remain in place. Under Alternative 2, all groundfish trawl sectors would be managed with individual fishing quotas (IFQs) which would replace the current two-month cumulative trip limit periods in the nonwhiting fishery and season/quota-based management in the whiting fishery. Management of the nonwhiting sector under Alternative 3 would be similar to Alternative 2 using IFQs, while the three whiting sectors would be managed with separate cooperatives for each. Alternative 4 would use IFQs as the management tool for a combined whitng and nonwhiting shoreside sectors and cooperatives for the two at-sea whiting sectors. Alternative 4b is the preferred alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed program would increase net economic benefits, create individual economic stability, provide full utilization of the trawl sector allocation, consider environmental impacts, and achieve individual accountability of catch and bycatch. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Rationalization would result in a decrease in the number of captain and crew jobs, although wages would increase for the remaining positions. Fishing communities would be differentially affected due to fleet and processor consolidation. Concentration of vessels and commercial infrastructure in fewer ports would disadvantage communities that lose vessels and infrastructure. Additional resources would be needed for program startup and management. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0475D, Volume 33, Number 4. JF - EPA number: 100227, Final EIS--683 pages, Appendices--813 pages, June 17, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 17 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Employment KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873130362?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-06-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.title=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 17, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). [Part 16 of 22] T2 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). AN - 873130347; 14378-7_0016 AB - PURPOSE: Implementation of a limited access privilege program for the Pacific Coast Groundfish Limited Entry (LE) Trawl Fishery is proposed. Despite a program to reduce fishing capacity through the buyback of groundfish LE permits and associated vessels, management of the west coast LE groundfish trawl fishery is still marked by biological, social, and economic concerns and the trawl fishery is currently viewed as economically unsustainable. One major concern is the management of bycatch, particularly of overfished species. Over the past several years the Pacific Fishery Management Councils groundfish management efforts have focused on drafting rebuilding plans for overfished species, minimizing bycatch and specific management of overfished species. The trawl rationalization program is expected to provide individual fishery participants more flexibility and more accountability for their impact on overfished species, other groundfish species, and possibly Pacific halibut. Current trawl target species includes flatfish, roundfish, thornyheads, and a few species of rockfish. Primary flatfish target species include petrale sole and Dover sole. Roundfish target species include Pacific whiting, Pacific cod, and sablefish. Some rockfish species were important trawl targets until the mid 1990s, but seven rockfish species are currently declared overfished and rockfish are generally no longer a target of these fisheries. The groundfish trawl fishery is subject to a federal license limitation program implemented in 1992; currently there are 178 extant groundfish LE trawl permits. The LE trawl fishery is divided into two broad sectors: a multi-species trawl fishery, which most often uses bottom trawl gear (called the nonwhiting sector), and the whiting fishery, which uses midwater trawl gear. Nonwhiting trawlers target the range of species described above with the exception of Pacific whiting. The whiting fishery is further subdivided into three components. The shore-based fishery delivers their catch to processing facilities on land and the vessels are similar in size and configuration to the nonwhiting fishery. In the mothership sector, catcher vessels deliver to floating processors called motherships. The catcher-processor sector comprises vessels that both catch Pacific whiting and process it on board. In terms of the types of trawl rationalization measures that would be applied, these four sectors (nonwhiting trawl, shoreside whiting, motherships, and catcher processors) are considered separately. Four alternatives for implementing the trawl rationalization program are considered in this final EIS. Under the No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), most elements of the current management regime would remain in place. Under Alternative 2, all groundfish trawl sectors would be managed with individual fishing quotas (IFQs) which would replace the current two-month cumulative trip limit periods in the nonwhiting fishery and season/quota-based management in the whiting fishery. Management of the nonwhiting sector under Alternative 3 would be similar to Alternative 2 using IFQs, while the three whiting sectors would be managed with separate cooperatives for each. Alternative 4 would use IFQs as the management tool for a combined whitng and nonwhiting shoreside sectors and cooperatives for the two at-sea whiting sectors. Alternative 4b is the preferred alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed program would increase net economic benefits, create individual economic stability, provide full utilization of the trawl sector allocation, consider environmental impacts, and achieve individual accountability of catch and bycatch. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Rationalization would result in a decrease in the number of captain and crew jobs, although wages would increase for the remaining positions. Fishing communities would be differentially affected due to fleet and processor consolidation. Concentration of vessels and commercial infrastructure in fewer ports would disadvantage communities that lose vessels and infrastructure. Additional resources would be needed for program startup and management. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0475D, Volume 33, Number 4. JF - EPA number: 100227, Final EIS--683 pages, Appendices--813 pages, June 17, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 16 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Employment KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873130347?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-06-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.title=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 17, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). [Part 2 of 22] T2 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). AN - 873129200; 14378-7_0002 AB - PURPOSE: Implementation of a limited access privilege program for the Pacific Coast Groundfish Limited Entry (LE) Trawl Fishery is proposed. Despite a program to reduce fishing capacity through the buyback of groundfish LE permits and associated vessels, management of the west coast LE groundfish trawl fishery is still marked by biological, social, and economic concerns and the trawl fishery is currently viewed as economically unsustainable. One major concern is the management of bycatch, particularly of overfished species. Over the past several years the Pacific Fishery Management Councils groundfish management efforts have focused on drafting rebuilding plans for overfished species, minimizing bycatch and specific management of overfished species. The trawl rationalization program is expected to provide individual fishery participants more flexibility and more accountability for their impact on overfished species, other groundfish species, and possibly Pacific halibut. Current trawl target species includes flatfish, roundfish, thornyheads, and a few species of rockfish. Primary flatfish target species include petrale sole and Dover sole. Roundfish target species include Pacific whiting, Pacific cod, and sablefish. Some rockfish species were important trawl targets until the mid 1990s, but seven rockfish species are currently declared overfished and rockfish are generally no longer a target of these fisheries. The groundfish trawl fishery is subject to a federal license limitation program implemented in 1992; currently there are 178 extant groundfish LE trawl permits. The LE trawl fishery is divided into two broad sectors: a multi-species trawl fishery, which most often uses bottom trawl gear (called the nonwhiting sector), and the whiting fishery, which uses midwater trawl gear. Nonwhiting trawlers target the range of species described above with the exception of Pacific whiting. The whiting fishery is further subdivided into three components. The shore-based fishery delivers their catch to processing facilities on land and the vessels are similar in size and configuration to the nonwhiting fishery. In the mothership sector, catcher vessels deliver to floating processors called motherships. The catcher-processor sector comprises vessels that both catch Pacific whiting and process it on board. In terms of the types of trawl rationalization measures that would be applied, these four sectors (nonwhiting trawl, shoreside whiting, motherships, and catcher processors) are considered separately. Four alternatives for implementing the trawl rationalization program are considered in this final EIS. Under the No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), most elements of the current management regime would remain in place. Under Alternative 2, all groundfish trawl sectors would be managed with individual fishing quotas (IFQs) which would replace the current two-month cumulative trip limit periods in the nonwhiting fishery and season/quota-based management in the whiting fishery. Management of the nonwhiting sector under Alternative 3 would be similar to Alternative 2 using IFQs, while the three whiting sectors would be managed with separate cooperatives for each. Alternative 4 would use IFQs as the management tool for a combined whitng and nonwhiting shoreside sectors and cooperatives for the two at-sea whiting sectors. Alternative 4b is the preferred alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed program would increase net economic benefits, create individual economic stability, provide full utilization of the trawl sector allocation, consider environmental impacts, and achieve individual accountability of catch and bycatch. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Rationalization would result in a decrease in the number of captain and crew jobs, although wages would increase for the remaining positions. Fishing communities would be differentially affected due to fleet and processor consolidation. Concentration of vessels and commercial infrastructure in fewer ports would disadvantage communities that lose vessels and infrastructure. Additional resources would be needed for program startup and management. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0475D, Volume 33, Number 4. JF - EPA number: 100227, Final EIS--683 pages, Appendices--813 pages, June 17, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 2 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Employment KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129200?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-06-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.title=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 17, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). [Part 1 of 22] T2 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). AN - 873129178; 14378-7_0001 AB - PURPOSE: Implementation of a limited access privilege program for the Pacific Coast Groundfish Limited Entry (LE) Trawl Fishery is proposed. Despite a program to reduce fishing capacity through the buyback of groundfish LE permits and associated vessels, management of the west coast LE groundfish trawl fishery is still marked by biological, social, and economic concerns and the trawl fishery is currently viewed as economically unsustainable. One major concern is the management of bycatch, particularly of overfished species. Over the past several years the Pacific Fishery Management Councils groundfish management efforts have focused on drafting rebuilding plans for overfished species, minimizing bycatch and specific management of overfished species. The trawl rationalization program is expected to provide individual fishery participants more flexibility and more accountability for their impact on overfished species, other groundfish species, and possibly Pacific halibut. Current trawl target species includes flatfish, roundfish, thornyheads, and a few species of rockfish. Primary flatfish target species include petrale sole and Dover sole. Roundfish target species include Pacific whiting, Pacific cod, and sablefish. Some rockfish species were important trawl targets until the mid 1990s, but seven rockfish species are currently declared overfished and rockfish are generally no longer a target of these fisheries. The groundfish trawl fishery is subject to a federal license limitation program implemented in 1992; currently there are 178 extant groundfish LE trawl permits. The LE trawl fishery is divided into two broad sectors: a multi-species trawl fishery, which most often uses bottom trawl gear (called the nonwhiting sector), and the whiting fishery, which uses midwater trawl gear. Nonwhiting trawlers target the range of species described above with the exception of Pacific whiting. The whiting fishery is further subdivided into three components. The shore-based fishery delivers their catch to processing facilities on land and the vessels are similar in size and configuration to the nonwhiting fishery. In the mothership sector, catcher vessels deliver to floating processors called motherships. The catcher-processor sector comprises vessels that both catch Pacific whiting and process it on board. In terms of the types of trawl rationalization measures that would be applied, these four sectors (nonwhiting trawl, shoreside whiting, motherships, and catcher processors) are considered separately. Four alternatives for implementing the trawl rationalization program are considered in this final EIS. Under the No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), most elements of the current management regime would remain in place. Under Alternative 2, all groundfish trawl sectors would be managed with individual fishing quotas (IFQs) which would replace the current two-month cumulative trip limit periods in the nonwhiting fishery and season/quota-based management in the whiting fishery. Management of the nonwhiting sector under Alternative 3 would be similar to Alternative 2 using IFQs, while the three whiting sectors would be managed with separate cooperatives for each. Alternative 4 would use IFQs as the management tool for a combined whitng and nonwhiting shoreside sectors and cooperatives for the two at-sea whiting sectors. Alternative 4b is the preferred alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed program would increase net economic benefits, create individual economic stability, provide full utilization of the trawl sector allocation, consider environmental impacts, and achieve individual accountability of catch and bycatch. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Rationalization would result in a decrease in the number of captain and crew jobs, although wages would increase for the remaining positions. Fishing communities would be differentially affected due to fleet and processor consolidation. Concentration of vessels and commercial infrastructure in fewer ports would disadvantage communities that lose vessels and infrastructure. Additional resources would be needed for program startup and management. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0475D, Volume 33, Number 4. JF - EPA number: 100227, Final EIS--683 pages, Appendices--813 pages, June 17, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 1 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Employment KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129178?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-06-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.title=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 17, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). [Part 11 of 22] T2 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). AN - 873128889; 14378-7_0011 AB - PURPOSE: Implementation of a limited access privilege program for the Pacific Coast Groundfish Limited Entry (LE) Trawl Fishery is proposed. Despite a program to reduce fishing capacity through the buyback of groundfish LE permits and associated vessels, management of the west coast LE groundfish trawl fishery is still marked by biological, social, and economic concerns and the trawl fishery is currently viewed as economically unsustainable. One major concern is the management of bycatch, particularly of overfished species. Over the past several years the Pacific Fishery Management Councils groundfish management efforts have focused on drafting rebuilding plans for overfished species, minimizing bycatch and specific management of overfished species. The trawl rationalization program is expected to provide individual fishery participants more flexibility and more accountability for their impact on overfished species, other groundfish species, and possibly Pacific halibut. Current trawl target species includes flatfish, roundfish, thornyheads, and a few species of rockfish. Primary flatfish target species include petrale sole and Dover sole. Roundfish target species include Pacific whiting, Pacific cod, and sablefish. Some rockfish species were important trawl targets until the mid 1990s, but seven rockfish species are currently declared overfished and rockfish are generally no longer a target of these fisheries. The groundfish trawl fishery is subject to a federal license limitation program implemented in 1992; currently there are 178 extant groundfish LE trawl permits. The LE trawl fishery is divided into two broad sectors: a multi-species trawl fishery, which most often uses bottom trawl gear (called the nonwhiting sector), and the whiting fishery, which uses midwater trawl gear. Nonwhiting trawlers target the range of species described above with the exception of Pacific whiting. The whiting fishery is further subdivided into three components. The shore-based fishery delivers their catch to processing facilities on land and the vessels are similar in size and configuration to the nonwhiting fishery. In the mothership sector, catcher vessels deliver to floating processors called motherships. The catcher-processor sector comprises vessels that both catch Pacific whiting and process it on board. In terms of the types of trawl rationalization measures that would be applied, these four sectors (nonwhiting trawl, shoreside whiting, motherships, and catcher processors) are considered separately. Four alternatives for implementing the trawl rationalization program are considered in this final EIS. Under the No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), most elements of the current management regime would remain in place. Under Alternative 2, all groundfish trawl sectors would be managed with individual fishing quotas (IFQs) which would replace the current two-month cumulative trip limit periods in the nonwhiting fishery and season/quota-based management in the whiting fishery. Management of the nonwhiting sector under Alternative 3 would be similar to Alternative 2 using IFQs, while the three whiting sectors would be managed with separate cooperatives for each. Alternative 4 would use IFQs as the management tool for a combined whitng and nonwhiting shoreside sectors and cooperatives for the two at-sea whiting sectors. Alternative 4b is the preferred alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed program would increase net economic benefits, create individual economic stability, provide full utilization of the trawl sector allocation, consider environmental impacts, and achieve individual accountability of catch and bycatch. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Rationalization would result in a decrease in the number of captain and crew jobs, although wages would increase for the remaining positions. Fishing communities would be differentially affected due to fleet and processor consolidation. Concentration of vessels and commercial infrastructure in fewer ports would disadvantage communities that lose vessels and infrastructure. Additional resources would be needed for program startup and management. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0475D, Volume 33, Number 4. JF - EPA number: 100227, Final EIS--683 pages, Appendices--813 pages, June 17, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 11 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Employment KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873128889?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-06-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.title=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 17, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). [Part 10 of 22] T2 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). AN - 873128882; 14378-7_0010 AB - PURPOSE: Implementation of a limited access privilege program for the Pacific Coast Groundfish Limited Entry (LE) Trawl Fishery is proposed. Despite a program to reduce fishing capacity through the buyback of groundfish LE permits and associated vessels, management of the west coast LE groundfish trawl fishery is still marked by biological, social, and economic concerns and the trawl fishery is currently viewed as economically unsustainable. One major concern is the management of bycatch, particularly of overfished species. Over the past several years the Pacific Fishery Management Councils groundfish management efforts have focused on drafting rebuilding plans for overfished species, minimizing bycatch and specific management of overfished species. The trawl rationalization program is expected to provide individual fishery participants more flexibility and more accountability for their impact on overfished species, other groundfish species, and possibly Pacific halibut. Current trawl target species includes flatfish, roundfish, thornyheads, and a few species of rockfish. Primary flatfish target species include petrale sole and Dover sole. Roundfish target species include Pacific whiting, Pacific cod, and sablefish. Some rockfish species were important trawl targets until the mid 1990s, but seven rockfish species are currently declared overfished and rockfish are generally no longer a target of these fisheries. The groundfish trawl fishery is subject to a federal license limitation program implemented in 1992; currently there are 178 extant groundfish LE trawl permits. The LE trawl fishery is divided into two broad sectors: a multi-species trawl fishery, which most often uses bottom trawl gear (called the nonwhiting sector), and the whiting fishery, which uses midwater trawl gear. Nonwhiting trawlers target the range of species described above with the exception of Pacific whiting. The whiting fishery is further subdivided into three components. The shore-based fishery delivers their catch to processing facilities on land and the vessels are similar in size and configuration to the nonwhiting fishery. In the mothership sector, catcher vessels deliver to floating processors called motherships. The catcher-processor sector comprises vessels that both catch Pacific whiting and process it on board. In terms of the types of trawl rationalization measures that would be applied, these four sectors (nonwhiting trawl, shoreside whiting, motherships, and catcher processors) are considered separately. Four alternatives for implementing the trawl rationalization program are considered in this final EIS. Under the No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), most elements of the current management regime would remain in place. Under Alternative 2, all groundfish trawl sectors would be managed with individual fishing quotas (IFQs) which would replace the current two-month cumulative trip limit periods in the nonwhiting fishery and season/quota-based management in the whiting fishery. Management of the nonwhiting sector under Alternative 3 would be similar to Alternative 2 using IFQs, while the three whiting sectors would be managed with separate cooperatives for each. Alternative 4 would use IFQs as the management tool for a combined whitng and nonwhiting shoreside sectors and cooperatives for the two at-sea whiting sectors. Alternative 4b is the preferred alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed program would increase net economic benefits, create individual economic stability, provide full utilization of the trawl sector allocation, consider environmental impacts, and achieve individual accountability of catch and bycatch. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Rationalization would result in a decrease in the number of captain and crew jobs, although wages would increase for the remaining positions. Fishing communities would be differentially affected due to fleet and processor consolidation. Concentration of vessels and commercial infrastructure in fewer ports would disadvantage communities that lose vessels and infrastructure. Additional resources would be needed for program startup and management. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0475D, Volume 33, Number 4. JF - EPA number: 100227, Final EIS--683 pages, Appendices--813 pages, June 17, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 10 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Employment KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873128882?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-06-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.title=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 17, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). [Part 6 of 22] T2 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). AN - 873127893; 14378-7_0006 AB - PURPOSE: Implementation of a limited access privilege program for the Pacific Coast Groundfish Limited Entry (LE) Trawl Fishery is proposed. Despite a program to reduce fishing capacity through the buyback of groundfish LE permits and associated vessels, management of the west coast LE groundfish trawl fishery is still marked by biological, social, and economic concerns and the trawl fishery is currently viewed as economically unsustainable. One major concern is the management of bycatch, particularly of overfished species. Over the past several years the Pacific Fishery Management Councils groundfish management efforts have focused on drafting rebuilding plans for overfished species, minimizing bycatch and specific management of overfished species. The trawl rationalization program is expected to provide individual fishery participants more flexibility and more accountability for their impact on overfished species, other groundfish species, and possibly Pacific halibut. Current trawl target species includes flatfish, roundfish, thornyheads, and a few species of rockfish. Primary flatfish target species include petrale sole and Dover sole. Roundfish target species include Pacific whiting, Pacific cod, and sablefish. Some rockfish species were important trawl targets until the mid 1990s, but seven rockfish species are currently declared overfished and rockfish are generally no longer a target of these fisheries. The groundfish trawl fishery is subject to a federal license limitation program implemented in 1992; currently there are 178 extant groundfish LE trawl permits. The LE trawl fishery is divided into two broad sectors: a multi-species trawl fishery, which most often uses bottom trawl gear (called the nonwhiting sector), and the whiting fishery, which uses midwater trawl gear. Nonwhiting trawlers target the range of species described above with the exception of Pacific whiting. The whiting fishery is further subdivided into three components. The shore-based fishery delivers their catch to processing facilities on land and the vessels are similar in size and configuration to the nonwhiting fishery. In the mothership sector, catcher vessels deliver to floating processors called motherships. The catcher-processor sector comprises vessels that both catch Pacific whiting and process it on board. In terms of the types of trawl rationalization measures that would be applied, these four sectors (nonwhiting trawl, shoreside whiting, motherships, and catcher processors) are considered separately. Four alternatives for implementing the trawl rationalization program are considered in this final EIS. Under the No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), most elements of the current management regime would remain in place. Under Alternative 2, all groundfish trawl sectors would be managed with individual fishing quotas (IFQs) which would replace the current two-month cumulative trip limit periods in the nonwhiting fishery and season/quota-based management in the whiting fishery. Management of the nonwhiting sector under Alternative 3 would be similar to Alternative 2 using IFQs, while the three whiting sectors would be managed with separate cooperatives for each. Alternative 4 would use IFQs as the management tool for a combined whitng and nonwhiting shoreside sectors and cooperatives for the two at-sea whiting sectors. Alternative 4b is the preferred alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed program would increase net economic benefits, create individual economic stability, provide full utilization of the trawl sector allocation, consider environmental impacts, and achieve individual accountability of catch and bycatch. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Rationalization would result in a decrease in the number of captain and crew jobs, although wages would increase for the remaining positions. Fishing communities would be differentially affected due to fleet and processor consolidation. Concentration of vessels and commercial infrastructure in fewer ports would disadvantage communities that lose vessels and infrastructure. Additional resources would be needed for program startup and management. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0475D, Volume 33, Number 4. JF - EPA number: 100227, Final EIS--683 pages, Appendices--813 pages, June 17, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 6 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Employment KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127893?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-06-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.title=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 17, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). [Part 5 of 22] T2 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). AN - 873127881; 14378-7_0005 AB - PURPOSE: Implementation of a limited access privilege program for the Pacific Coast Groundfish Limited Entry (LE) Trawl Fishery is proposed. Despite a program to reduce fishing capacity through the buyback of groundfish LE permits and associated vessels, management of the west coast LE groundfish trawl fishery is still marked by biological, social, and economic concerns and the trawl fishery is currently viewed as economically unsustainable. One major concern is the management of bycatch, particularly of overfished species. Over the past several years the Pacific Fishery Management Councils groundfish management efforts have focused on drafting rebuilding plans for overfished species, minimizing bycatch and specific management of overfished species. The trawl rationalization program is expected to provide individual fishery participants more flexibility and more accountability for their impact on overfished species, other groundfish species, and possibly Pacific halibut. Current trawl target species includes flatfish, roundfish, thornyheads, and a few species of rockfish. Primary flatfish target species include petrale sole and Dover sole. Roundfish target species include Pacific whiting, Pacific cod, and sablefish. Some rockfish species were important trawl targets until the mid 1990s, but seven rockfish species are currently declared overfished and rockfish are generally no longer a target of these fisheries. The groundfish trawl fishery is subject to a federal license limitation program implemented in 1992; currently there are 178 extant groundfish LE trawl permits. The LE trawl fishery is divided into two broad sectors: a multi-species trawl fishery, which most often uses bottom trawl gear (called the nonwhiting sector), and the whiting fishery, which uses midwater trawl gear. Nonwhiting trawlers target the range of species described above with the exception of Pacific whiting. The whiting fishery is further subdivided into three components. The shore-based fishery delivers their catch to processing facilities on land and the vessels are similar in size and configuration to the nonwhiting fishery. In the mothership sector, catcher vessels deliver to floating processors called motherships. The catcher-processor sector comprises vessels that both catch Pacific whiting and process it on board. In terms of the types of trawl rationalization measures that would be applied, these four sectors (nonwhiting trawl, shoreside whiting, motherships, and catcher processors) are considered separately. Four alternatives for implementing the trawl rationalization program are considered in this final EIS. Under the No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), most elements of the current management regime would remain in place. Under Alternative 2, all groundfish trawl sectors would be managed with individual fishing quotas (IFQs) which would replace the current two-month cumulative trip limit periods in the nonwhiting fishery and season/quota-based management in the whiting fishery. Management of the nonwhiting sector under Alternative 3 would be similar to Alternative 2 using IFQs, while the three whiting sectors would be managed with separate cooperatives for each. Alternative 4 would use IFQs as the management tool for a combined whitng and nonwhiting shoreside sectors and cooperatives for the two at-sea whiting sectors. Alternative 4b is the preferred alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed program would increase net economic benefits, create individual economic stability, provide full utilization of the trawl sector allocation, consider environmental impacts, and achieve individual accountability of catch and bycatch. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Rationalization would result in a decrease in the number of captain and crew jobs, although wages would increase for the remaining positions. Fishing communities would be differentially affected due to fleet and processor consolidation. Concentration of vessels and commercial infrastructure in fewer ports would disadvantage communities that lose vessels and infrastructure. Additional resources would be needed for program startup and management. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0475D, Volume 33, Number 4. JF - EPA number: 100227, Final EIS--683 pages, Appendices--813 pages, June 17, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 5 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Employment KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127881?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-06-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.title=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 17, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). [Part 9 of 22] T2 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). AN - 873127708; 14378-7_0009 AB - PURPOSE: Implementation of a limited access privilege program for the Pacific Coast Groundfish Limited Entry (LE) Trawl Fishery is proposed. Despite a program to reduce fishing capacity through the buyback of groundfish LE permits and associated vessels, management of the west coast LE groundfish trawl fishery is still marked by biological, social, and economic concerns and the trawl fishery is currently viewed as economically unsustainable. One major concern is the management of bycatch, particularly of overfished species. Over the past several years the Pacific Fishery Management Councils groundfish management efforts have focused on drafting rebuilding plans for overfished species, minimizing bycatch and specific management of overfished species. The trawl rationalization program is expected to provide individual fishery participants more flexibility and more accountability for their impact on overfished species, other groundfish species, and possibly Pacific halibut. Current trawl target species includes flatfish, roundfish, thornyheads, and a few species of rockfish. Primary flatfish target species include petrale sole and Dover sole. Roundfish target species include Pacific whiting, Pacific cod, and sablefish. Some rockfish species were important trawl targets until the mid 1990s, but seven rockfish species are currently declared overfished and rockfish are generally no longer a target of these fisheries. The groundfish trawl fishery is subject to a federal license limitation program implemented in 1992; currently there are 178 extant groundfish LE trawl permits. The LE trawl fishery is divided into two broad sectors: a multi-species trawl fishery, which most often uses bottom trawl gear (called the nonwhiting sector), and the whiting fishery, which uses midwater trawl gear. Nonwhiting trawlers target the range of species described above with the exception of Pacific whiting. The whiting fishery is further subdivided into three components. The shore-based fishery delivers their catch to processing facilities on land and the vessels are similar in size and configuration to the nonwhiting fishery. In the mothership sector, catcher vessels deliver to floating processors called motherships. The catcher-processor sector comprises vessels that both catch Pacific whiting and process it on board. In terms of the types of trawl rationalization measures that would be applied, these four sectors (nonwhiting trawl, shoreside whiting, motherships, and catcher processors) are considered separately. Four alternatives for implementing the trawl rationalization program are considered in this final EIS. Under the No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), most elements of the current management regime would remain in place. Under Alternative 2, all groundfish trawl sectors would be managed with individual fishing quotas (IFQs) which would replace the current two-month cumulative trip limit periods in the nonwhiting fishery and season/quota-based management in the whiting fishery. Management of the nonwhiting sector under Alternative 3 would be similar to Alternative 2 using IFQs, while the three whiting sectors would be managed with separate cooperatives for each. Alternative 4 would use IFQs as the management tool for a combined whitng and nonwhiting shoreside sectors and cooperatives for the two at-sea whiting sectors. Alternative 4b is the preferred alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed program would increase net economic benefits, create individual economic stability, provide full utilization of the trawl sector allocation, consider environmental impacts, and achieve individual accountability of catch and bycatch. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Rationalization would result in a decrease in the number of captain and crew jobs, although wages would increase for the remaining positions. Fishing communities would be differentially affected due to fleet and processor consolidation. Concentration of vessels and commercial infrastructure in fewer ports would disadvantage communities that lose vessels and infrastructure. Additional resources would be needed for program startup and management. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0475D, Volume 33, Number 4. JF - EPA number: 100227, Final EIS--683 pages, Appendices--813 pages, June 17, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 9 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Employment KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127708?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-06-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.title=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 17, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). [Part 8 of 22] T2 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). AN - 873127702; 14378-7_0008 AB - PURPOSE: Implementation of a limited access privilege program for the Pacific Coast Groundfish Limited Entry (LE) Trawl Fishery is proposed. Despite a program to reduce fishing capacity through the buyback of groundfish LE permits and associated vessels, management of the west coast LE groundfish trawl fishery is still marked by biological, social, and economic concerns and the trawl fishery is currently viewed as economically unsustainable. One major concern is the management of bycatch, particularly of overfished species. Over the past several years the Pacific Fishery Management Councils groundfish management efforts have focused on drafting rebuilding plans for overfished species, minimizing bycatch and specific management of overfished species. The trawl rationalization program is expected to provide individual fishery participants more flexibility and more accountability for their impact on overfished species, other groundfish species, and possibly Pacific halibut. Current trawl target species includes flatfish, roundfish, thornyheads, and a few species of rockfish. Primary flatfish target species include petrale sole and Dover sole. Roundfish target species include Pacific whiting, Pacific cod, and sablefish. Some rockfish species were important trawl targets until the mid 1990s, but seven rockfish species are currently declared overfished and rockfish are generally no longer a target of these fisheries. The groundfish trawl fishery is subject to a federal license limitation program implemented in 1992; currently there are 178 extant groundfish LE trawl permits. The LE trawl fishery is divided into two broad sectors: a multi-species trawl fishery, which most often uses bottom trawl gear (called the nonwhiting sector), and the whiting fishery, which uses midwater trawl gear. Nonwhiting trawlers target the range of species described above with the exception of Pacific whiting. The whiting fishery is further subdivided into three components. The shore-based fishery delivers their catch to processing facilities on land and the vessels are similar in size and configuration to the nonwhiting fishery. In the mothership sector, catcher vessels deliver to floating processors called motherships. The catcher-processor sector comprises vessels that both catch Pacific whiting and process it on board. In terms of the types of trawl rationalization measures that would be applied, these four sectors (nonwhiting trawl, shoreside whiting, motherships, and catcher processors) are considered separately. Four alternatives for implementing the trawl rationalization program are considered in this final EIS. Under the No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), most elements of the current management regime would remain in place. Under Alternative 2, all groundfish trawl sectors would be managed with individual fishing quotas (IFQs) which would replace the current two-month cumulative trip limit periods in the nonwhiting fishery and season/quota-based management in the whiting fishery. Management of the nonwhiting sector under Alternative 3 would be similar to Alternative 2 using IFQs, while the three whiting sectors would be managed with separate cooperatives for each. Alternative 4 would use IFQs as the management tool for a combined whitng and nonwhiting shoreside sectors and cooperatives for the two at-sea whiting sectors. Alternative 4b is the preferred alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed program would increase net economic benefits, create individual economic stability, provide full utilization of the trawl sector allocation, consider environmental impacts, and achieve individual accountability of catch and bycatch. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Rationalization would result in a decrease in the number of captain and crew jobs, although wages would increase for the remaining positions. Fishing communities would be differentially affected due to fleet and processor consolidation. Concentration of vessels and commercial infrastructure in fewer ports would disadvantage communities that lose vessels and infrastructure. Additional resources would be needed for program startup and management. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0475D, Volume 33, Number 4. JF - EPA number: 100227, Final EIS--683 pages, Appendices--813 pages, June 17, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 8 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Employment KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127702?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-06-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.title=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 17, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). [Part 7 of 22] T2 - RATIONALIZATION OF THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH LIMITED ENTRY TRAWL FISHERY, WASHINGTON, OREGON, AND CALIFORNIA (AMENDMENT 20 TO THE PACIFIC COAST GROUNDFISH FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN). AN - 873127697; 14378-7_0007 AB - PURPOSE: Implementation of a limited access privilege program for the Pacific Coast Groundfish Limited Entry (LE) Trawl Fishery is proposed. Despite a program to reduce fishing capacity through the buyback of groundfish LE permits and associated vessels, management of the west coast LE groundfish trawl fishery is still marked by biological, social, and economic concerns and the trawl fishery is currently viewed as economically unsustainable. One major concern is the management of bycatch, particularly of overfished species. Over the past several years the Pacific Fishery Management Councils groundfish management efforts have focused on drafting rebuilding plans for overfished species, minimizing bycatch and specific management of overfished species. The trawl rationalization program is expected to provide individual fishery participants more flexibility and more accountability for their impact on overfished species, other groundfish species, and possibly Pacific halibut. Current trawl target species includes flatfish, roundfish, thornyheads, and a few species of rockfish. Primary flatfish target species include petrale sole and Dover sole. Roundfish target species include Pacific whiting, Pacific cod, and sablefish. Some rockfish species were important trawl targets until the mid 1990s, but seven rockfish species are currently declared overfished and rockfish are generally no longer a target of these fisheries. The groundfish trawl fishery is subject to a federal license limitation program implemented in 1992; currently there are 178 extant groundfish LE trawl permits. The LE trawl fishery is divided into two broad sectors: a multi-species trawl fishery, which most often uses bottom trawl gear (called the nonwhiting sector), and the whiting fishery, which uses midwater trawl gear. Nonwhiting trawlers target the range of species described above with the exception of Pacific whiting. The whiting fishery is further subdivided into three components. The shore-based fishery delivers their catch to processing facilities on land and the vessels are similar in size and configuration to the nonwhiting fishery. In the mothership sector, catcher vessels deliver to floating processors called motherships. The catcher-processor sector comprises vessels that both catch Pacific whiting and process it on board. In terms of the types of trawl rationalization measures that would be applied, these four sectors (nonwhiting trawl, shoreside whiting, motherships, and catcher processors) are considered separately. Four alternatives for implementing the trawl rationalization program are considered in this final EIS. Under the No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), most elements of the current management regime would remain in place. Under Alternative 2, all groundfish trawl sectors would be managed with individual fishing quotas (IFQs) which would replace the current two-month cumulative trip limit periods in the nonwhiting fishery and season/quota-based management in the whiting fishery. Management of the nonwhiting sector under Alternative 3 would be similar to Alternative 2 using IFQs, while the three whiting sectors would be managed with separate cooperatives for each. Alternative 4 would use IFQs as the management tool for a combined whitng and nonwhiting shoreside sectors and cooperatives for the two at-sea whiting sectors. Alternative 4b is the preferred alternative. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed program would increase net economic benefits, create individual economic stability, provide full utilization of the trawl sector allocation, consider environmental impacts, and achieve individual accountability of catch and bycatch. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Rationalization would result in a decrease in the number of captain and crew jobs, although wages would increase for the remaining positions. Fishing communities would be differentially affected due to fleet and processor consolidation. Concentration of vessels and commercial infrastructure in fewer ports would disadvantage communities that lose vessels and infrastructure. Additional resources would be needed for program startup and management. LEGAL MANDATES: Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0475D, Volume 33, Number 4. JF - EPA number: 100227, Final EIS--683 pages, Appendices--813 pages, June 17, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 7 KW - Water KW - Coastal Zones KW - Conservation KW - Economic Assessments KW - Employment KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Fisheries Surveys KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Regulations KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - California KW - Oregon KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Washington KW - Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873127697?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-06-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.title=RATIONALIZATION+OF+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+LIMITED+ENTRY+TRAWL+FISHERY%2C+WASHINGTON%2C+OREGON%2C+AND+CALIFORNIA+%28AMENDMENT+20+TO+THE+PACIFIC+COAST+GROUNDFISH+FISHERY+MANAGEMENT+PLAN%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: June 17, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Observational constraints on the global atmospheric budget of ethanol AN - 746163498; 13187197 AB - Energy security and climate change concerns have led to the promotion of biomass-derived ethanol, an oxygenated volatile organic compound (OVOC), as a substitute for fossil fuels. Although ethanol is ubiquitous in the troposphere, our knowledge of its current atmospheric budget and distribution is limited. Here, for the first time we use a global chemical transport model in conjunction with atmospheric observations to place constraints on the ethanol budget, noting that additional measurements of ethanol (and its precursors) are still needed to enhance confidence in our estimated budget. Global sources of ethanol in the model include 5.0 Tg yr super(-1) from industrial sources and biofuels, 9.2 Tg yr super(-1) from terrestrial plants, ~0.5 Tg yr super(-1) from biomass burning, and 0.05 Tg yr super(-1) from atmospheric reactions of the ethyl peroxy radical (C sub(2)H sub(5)O sub(2)) with itself and with the methyl peroxy radical (CH sub(3)O sub(2)). The resulting atmospheric lifetime of ethanol in the model is 2.8 days. Gas-phase oxidation by the hydroxyl radical (OH) is the primary global sink of ethanol in the model (65%), followed by dry deposition (25%), and wet deposition (10%). Over continental areas, ethanol concentrations predominantly reflect direct anthropogenic and biogenic emission sources. Uncertainty in the biogenic ethanol emissions, estimated at a factor of three, may contribute to the 50% model underestimate of observations in the North American boundary layer. Current levels of ethanol measured in remote regions are an order of magnitude larger than those in the model, suggesting a major gap in understanding. Stronger constraints on the budget and distribution of ethanol and OVOCs are a critical step towards assessing the impacts of increasing the use of ethanol as a fuel. JF - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics AU - Naik, V AU - Fiore, A M AU - Horowitz, L W AU - Singh, H B AU - Wiedinmyer, C AU - Guenther, A AU - de Gouw, JA AU - Millet, D B AU - Goldan, P D AU - Kuster, W C AD - NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA Y1 - 2010/06/17/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 17 SP - 5361 EP - 5370 PB - European Geophysical Society, Max-Planck-Str. 13 Katlenburg-Lindau Germany VL - 10 IS - 12 SN - 1680-7316, 1680-7316 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Climate change KW - security KW - Biogenic emissions from vegetation KW - Atmospheric chemistry models KW - Emissions KW - budgets KW - Ethanol KW - North America KW - anthropogenic factors KW - Chemical transport KW - Wet deposition KW - Biomass KW - Hydroxyl radicals KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - Oxidation KW - Dry deposition KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746163498?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics&rft.atitle=Observational+constraints+on+the+global+atmospheric+budget+of+ethanol&rft.au=Naik%2C+V%3BFiore%2C+A+M%3BHorowitz%2C+L+W%3BSingh%2C+H+B%3BWiedinmyer%2C+C%3BGuenther%2C+A%3Bde+Gouw%2C+JA%3BMillet%2C+D+B%3BGoldan%2C+P+D%3BKuster%2C+W+C&rft.aulast=Naik&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=2010-06-17&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=5361&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Chemistry+and+Physics&rft.issn=16807316&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atmospheric pollution models; Atmospheric chemistry models; Oxidation; Climate change; Atmospheric chemistry; Wet deposition; Dry deposition; Biogenic emissions from vegetation; anthropogenic factors; Chemical transport; Emissions; security; Biomass; budgets; Hydroxyl radicals; Ethanol; North America ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Are tropical SST trends changing the global teleconnection during La Nina? AN - 746011777; 13137082 AB - From 1950 to 2008, the linear trend of tropical sea surface temperature (SST) indicates the largest warming across the Indian and western Pacific Oceans, while the eastern Pacific trend is slightly negative. The interannual SST variations due to the El Nino- Southern Oscillation (ENSO) are superimposed onto these longer-term SST trends, which can potentially influence the structure and amplitude of the resulting atmospheric teleconnections. In this study, the cold phase of ENSO, or La Nina, is examined using composite differences based on the observations and the model-simulated response to SSTs. The analyses show that during the recent period (1980-2008), the global teleconnection pattern associated with La Nina has been associated with higher heights from the tropics to the mid-latitudes. The model simulations attribute these apparent changes in the teleconnections, across the tropics and the Northern Hemisphere, to warmer SSTs in the Indian Ocean and warm pool region. The implications of these results are discussed within the context of seasonal predictions in an evolving climate. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Kumar, Arun AU - Jha, Bhaskar AU - L'Heureux, Michelle AD - Climate Prediction Center, NOAA, Camp Springs, Maryland, USA Y1 - 2010/06/17/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 17 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA VL - 37 IS - 12 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - 3305 Atmospheric Processes: Climate change and variability KW - 3339 Atmospheric Processes: Ocean/atmosphere interactions KW - 3319 Atmospheric Processes: General circulation KW - climate variability KW - ENSO teleconnection KW - SST trends KW - Sea surface KW - La Nina KW - Warm water patches KW - Teleconnection patterns KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - southern oscillation KW - Sea surface temperatures KW - Seasonal variations KW - Sea surface temperature forecasting KW - Teleconnections KW - El Nino phenomena KW - Marine KW - ISW, Indian Ocean KW - teleconnections KW - composite materials KW - Climate models KW - Temperature KW - Simulation KW - Southern Oscillation KW - Surface temperature KW - Interannual variability KW - Numerical simulations KW - Oceans KW - Tropical environment KW - Tropical environments KW - El Nino-Southern Oscillation event KW - Global warming KW - Temperature trends KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M2 551.465:Structure/Dynamics/Circulation (551.465) KW - Q2 09261:General KW - O 2070:Meteorology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746011777?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Are+tropical+SST+trends+changing+the+global+teleconnection+during+La+Nina%3F&rft.au=Kumar%2C+Arun%3BJha%2C+Bhaskar%3BL%27Heureux%2C+Michelle&rft.aulast=Kumar&rft.aufirst=Arun&rft.date=2010-06-17&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2010GL043394 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sea surface; Tropical environment; Ocean-atmosphere system; Simulation; Surface temperature; El Nino phenomena; Southern Oscillation; Teleconnections; Climate models; La Nina; Warm water patches; Teleconnection patterns; Interannual variability; Numerical simulations; El Nino-Southern Oscillation event; Global warming; Temperature trends; Sea surface temperatures; Sea surface temperature forecasting; teleconnections; Sulfur dioxide; composite materials; Oceans; Tropical environments; Temperature; southern oscillation; Seasonal variations; ISW, Indian Ocean; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010GL043394 ER - TY - CONF T1 - 507 Weather-driven characteristics of a reliable national renewable energy system AN - 918072736; 16194899 AB - A study was done to determine the weather-driven characteristics of a renewable energy system over the conterminous United States. An important issue addressed was whether a "primary" renewable energy system, one which supplies most of the national electric power needs, would be reliable enough to depend on. Three years worth of data was collected on a 13 km resolution grid, and used to estimate the available power and best geographic topology from three sources; photovoltaic, concentrated solar power and wind turbines. The optimized national system was determined using a variational minimization analysis. We will present the geographic information of the optimized system for renewable energy, and discuss other aspects including reliability, storage, transmission network and cost. JF - American Meteorological Society. [np]. 16 Jun 2010. AU - MacDonald, Alexander E AU - Alexander, A Y1 - 2010/06/16/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 16 PB - American Meteorological Society KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Weather KW - Electric power KW - Resource management KW - Conferences KW - Storage KW - Wind turbines KW - Turbines KW - USA KW - Renewable resources KW - Wind energy KW - Renewable energy KW - Solar cells KW - Economics KW - solar cells KW - Solar power KW - Conservation KW - Solar energy KW - Environment management KW - Wind data KW - M2 551.55:Wind (551.55) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q2 09406:Energy from the sea UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918072736?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=507+Weather-driven+characteristics+of+a+reliable+national+renewable+energy+system&rft.au=MacDonald%2C+Alexander+E%3BAlexander%2C+A&rft.aulast=MacDonald&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft.date=2010-06-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - NOAA's National Air Quality Forecast Guidance Capability: Reaching 50 States AN - 918072719; 16194893 AB - For the last few years, the NWS, in conjunction with the EPA, has produced forecast guidance for surface ozone concentrations and smoke throughout the lower 48 states (CONUS). In addition to this guidance, the NWS is testing experimental versions of the Smoke Forecast Tool over Alaska (AK), with plans to implement it operationally by Fall 2009, and is beginning testing over Hawaii (HI) as well. Ozone predictions for AK and HI are in development; experimental testing is planned to begin in 2010. NOAA's hour-by-hour forecast guidance, at 12km grid resolution, out to 48 hours, shows when and where predicted values of ozone and smoke are expected to reach harmful levels, in cities, suburbs and rural areas alike. Ozone forecasts are produced with a linked numerical predictions system: North American Mesoscale (NAM) weather predictions drive the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model developed by NOAA researchers for the US EPA. EPA provides the information on pollutant emissions and monitoring data on ground-level ozone and fine particles used for verification and evaluation of developmental products. The Smoke Forecast Tool integrates NOAA/National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service's satellite information on the location of wildfires with NWS weather inputs from NAM and smoke dispersion simulations from NOAA's Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research HYbrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model, to produce a 48-hour prediction of smoke transport and concentration, updated daily. The model also incorporates U.S. Forest Service estimates for wildfire smoke emissions based on vegetation cover. As part of efforts to build a capability for quantitative particulate matter (PM) prediction, NWS is testing dust predictions based on HYSPLIT coupled with dust source potential of Ginoux et al. (2009). Dust and smoke predictions provide intermittent contributions to PM, which are verified with satellite observations of source-specific contributions to aerosols in the atmospheric column. Developmental testing of predicted aerosols based on EPA pollution inventories, in an expanded CMAQ version is ongoing. Recent performance and verification of these forecast guidance products will be summarized. The guidance products are being evaluated and tested with a focus group of the state and local air quality forecasters, who provide next-day alerts of impending poor air quality for about 300 communities across the US. NWS field forecasters at the WFOs and NCEP are encouraged to share their weather expertise and coordinate with their corresponding state and local air quality forecasters. Since the initial operational implementation of NWS's air quality forecaster guidance in 2004, NWS forecasters have been increasing their outreach to state/local air quality forecasters along with the geographical coverage of the guidance. This guidance is available on the web at http://www.weather.gov/aq/. Expanded coverage with experimental ozone predictions, from coast to coast, is available on http://www.weather.gov/aq-expr. Detailed information on our Air Quality Forecasts is available at http://www.weather.gov/ost/air_quality/. JF - American Meteorological Society. [np]. 16 Jun 2010. AU - Davidson, Paula AU - Byun, D W AU - McQueen, J AU - Stajner, I AU - Carey, K Y1 - 2010/06/16/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 16 PB - American Meteorological Society KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Weather KW - wildfire KW - Ozone measurements KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Atmospheric pollution chemistry KW - ISE, USA, Hawaii KW - Remote sensing KW - INE, USA, Alaska KW - Air quality KW - Satellites KW - Dust KW - Smoke KW - EPA KW - Ozone in troposphere KW - Air pollution forecasting KW - Atmospheric chemistry conferences KW - Satellite data KW - Rural areas KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918072719?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Pollution+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Davidson%2C+Paula%3BByun%2C+D+W%3BMcQueen%2C+J%3BStajner%2C+I%3BCarey%2C+K&rft.aulast=Davidson&rft.aufirst=Paula&rft.date=2010-06-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=NOAA%27s+National+Air+Quality+Forecast+Guidance+Capability%3A+Reaching+50+States&rft.title=NOAA%27s+National+Air+Quality+Forecast+Guidance+Capability%3A+Reaching+50+States&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - 508 A Plan of Satellite Data Assimilation in Supports of Renewable Energy Forecasts AN - 918071940; 16194910 AB - In supports of the Nation's real-time renewable energy forecast services, NESDIS/STAR is developing new and improved satellite products, expanding forecast model capabilities and fast radiative transfer schemes for advanced data assimilation. Our focused areas will be developments of advanced systems for assimilating satellite observations of clouds, aerosols, solar insolation, lidar and other satellite-derived wind products. Radiative transfer scheme will be optimized for uses of high temporal or spatial resolution data from current and future observing systems (e.g. GOES-R and NPOESS series) in renewable energy forecast systems. Satellite measurements of direct downward and diffuse solar radiation with a spatial resolution of 4 km or even higher and a refresh rate of 30 minutes (current GOES) and 5 minutes (GOES-R) will be assimilated through 4dvar or rapid update cycle (RUC) systems. Various quality-control and bias correction algorithms (e.g. clouds, aerosols, solar flux and winds) are developed and tailored for specific user requirements. JF - American Meteorological Society. [np]. 16 Jun 2010. AU - Weng, Fuzhong AU - Goldberg, MD Y1 - 2010/06/16/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 16 PB - American Meteorological Society KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Resource management KW - Solar observations KW - Remote sensing KW - Algorithms KW - Data assimilation KW - Economics KW - Planning KW - radiative transfer KW - Weather KW - Data collection KW - Aerosols KW - Satellite data assimilation KW - Insolation KW - Satellites KW - Clouds KW - Satellite sensing KW - Renewable resources KW - Renewable energy KW - Satellite observation of clouds KW - Lidar applications KW - Conservation KW - Radiative transfer KW - Environment management KW - LIDAR KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q2 09406:Energy from the sea UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918071940?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Sustainability+Science+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Weng%2C+Fuzhong%3BGoldberg%2C+MD&rft.aulast=Weng&rft.aufirst=Fuzhong&rft.date=2010-06-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=508+A+Plan+of+Satellite+Data+Assimilation+in+Supports+of+Renewable+Energy+Forecasts&rft.title=508+A+Plan+of+Satellite+Data+Assimilation+in+Supports+of+Renewable+Energy+Forecasts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-29 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Towards a global climatology of the planetary boundary layer AN - 918071294; 16194791 AB - Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) processes control exchanges of energy, water, and trace substances between the surface and free troposphere. Realistic representation of the PBL in climate, weather, and air quality models is critical to accurately simulate these exchanges. But, although PBL characteristics have been studied in detail in field campaigns on local scales and for limited periods of time, no long-term global PBL height climatology exists for evaluation of model representations of the PBL. Several options exist for developing a global climatology of the PBL. Traditional methods for determining the height of the PBL are based on in situ meteorological (e.g., radiosonde temperature and moisture) soundings, but new methods, based on GPS/RO (Global Positioning System/Radio Occultation) refractivity data and on remotely-sensed aerosol concentrations, are emerging. Comprehensive comparisons of these methods have not yet been performed. We present PBL height estimates from the global radiosonde network based on ten years of data from more than 800 stations using seven different methods. These include four traditional methods (based on temperature, potential temperature, and virtual potential temperature profiles) and three methods proposed for use with GPS RO data (based on specific humidity, relative humidity, and refractivity). The resulting climatologies are compared using statistical tests that reveal significant differences among the methods, including biases and differences in seasonal and diurnal variations. The traditional "mixing height", which is based on virtual potential temperature profiles and is sensitive to atmospheric stability, is systematically lower than other PBL height estimates and exhibits stronger seasonal and diurnal variability. Implications for developing a global climatology of PBL height will be discussed. JF - American Meteorological Society. [np]. 16 Jun 2010. AU - Seidel, Dian J AU - Ao, C O Y1 - 2010/06/16/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 16 PB - American Meteorological Society KW - Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Air quality KW - Atmospheric boundary layer KW - Atmospheric pollution and climate KW - Atmospheric pollution chemistry KW - Boundary layers KW - Climate KW - Climatology KW - Conferences KW - Diurnal variations KW - Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite KW - Meteorology KW - Potential temperature KW - Relative humidity KW - Seasonal variations KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Temperature KW - radiosondes KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918071294?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Towards+a+global+climatology+of+the+planetary+boundary+layer&rft.au=Seidel%2C+Dian+J%3BAo%2C+C+O&rft.aulast=Seidel&rft.aufirst=Dian&rft.date=2010-06-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-05-18 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Proposal for a solar and aerosol optical depth network for the United States AN - 918070057; 16194875 AB - The solar energy received at the earth's surface in the U.S. has been measured intermittently, most often with second-class instrumentation, and, generally, with no separate measurements of the direct and diffuse components. The best effort to produce a solar atlas for the U.S., using the small amount of reliable data that exist, has been the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's National Solar Radiation Data Bases (NSRDB) 1 and 2, which cover the periods 1960-1990 and 1991-2005, respectively. Over 97% of the data used for the atlases were modeled based on a few network measurements, many of which have since been discontinued. Estimated root-mean-square errors are ~ 100 W/m2 and ~ 200 W/m2 for global horizontal and direct beam irradiance, respectively. The GOES satellites present an alternate means of estimating downwelling irradiance at the surface; 30-minute samples are available. The root-mean-square-error for instantaneous 30-minute samples is ~ 84 W/m2 for global horizontal and ~ 200 W/m2 for direct beam irradiance. Clearly, there is a need to dramatically improve the uncertainty in the solar resource. Further, the increasing use of photovoltaic and concentrating solar power systems to generate a greater fraction of our nation's electricity is demanding solar resource data with higher time and space resolution than is available. A national database of solar irradiance and aerosol optical depth from research-quality ground stations is needed to improve solar radiation resource assessments. These observations would serve to better anchor both satellite- and model-based resource assessments. This paper outlines a plan that would equip the established Climate Reference Network (CRN) sites in the U.S. with a direct and diffuse solar measurement capability at relatively low cost; further, the instrument proposed would measure aerosol optical depth and water vapor, which are the two principal sources of extinction in direct beam radiation when skies are clear. The first deployments would take place in the high solar regions of the southwestern U.S. The proposed instrumentation is described and the sites delineated. JF - American Meteorological Society. [np]. 16 Jun 2010. AU - Michalsky, Joseph J AU - Dutton, E G AU - Stoffel, T Y1 - 2010/06/16/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 16 PB - American Meteorological Society KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Aerosols KW - Conferences KW - Data bases KW - Downwelling KW - Earth's surface KW - Economics KW - Extinction KW - GOES satellites KW - Optical analysis KW - Optical depth of aerosols KW - Radiation KW - Solar energy KW - Solar irradiance KW - Solar radiation KW - Solar radiation data KW - Weather KW - solar cells KW - USA KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918070057?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Proposal+for+a+solar+and+aerosol+optical+depth+network+for+the+United+States&rft.au=Michalsky%2C+Joseph+J%3BDutton%2C+E+G%3BStoffel%2C+T&rft.aulast=Michalsky&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=2010-06-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-05-18 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Early detection and monitoring malaria from space AN - 918070037; 16194872 AB - Malaria is the major vector-born disease in the world. It occurs in 107 countries with a 1/2 of world population. Every year 300-500 million clinical cases of malaria occur with 1.5-3 million fatalities. Children, old people and pregnant women are the most vulnerable to malaria. Africa is the most affected continent, which contributes 60 % of global malaria cases and 80% of death. Malaria is strongly affected by the environment. Climate and ecosystems determines distribution of malaria and weather affects timing, duration, area and intensity of outbreaks. In general warm and wet weather stimulated mosquitoes hatching, activity and the rate of malaria transmission to people. Such weather parameters as precipitation, temperature and relative humidity serves as the indicators of malaria and its development. However, weather station network is not dense enough especially in Africa to provide a decent tool for malaria monitoring. Therefore, satellite data have been used in recent years to monitor malaria. New theory provided a good background for development of Vegetation health (VH), techniques that have been developed applied successfully for early detect and monitor malaria from the operational environmental satellite. VH was developed from reflectance/emission measured by the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) flown on NOAA polar-orbiting satellites since 1981. The calibrated measurements were converted to the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and brightness temperature (BT), which were expressed as a deviation from 30-yeqr climatology. Three indices characterizing moisture (VCI), thermal (TCI) and vegetation health (VHI) conditions were produced and calibrated against in situ data. They were applied to identify malaria early enough to mitigate its consequences. These results covering several countries in Africa, Asia and South America are presented in this paper. JF - American Meteorological Society. [np]. 16 Jun 2010. AU - Kogan, Felix AU - Powell, A AU - Goldberg, M Y1 - 2010/06/16/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 16 PB - American Meteorological Society KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Relative humidity KW - Human diseases KW - Reflectance KW - International cooperation KW - Vector-borne diseases KW - Malaria KW - Surface radiation temperature KW - Disease transmission KW - Public health KW - U.S. satellite, NOAA KW - Influenza KW - AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer) KW - Climatology KW - Vulnerability KW - Asia KW - Hatching KW - Temperature effects KW - Weather KW - Data processing KW - Conferences KW - Brightness KW - Climate KW - Vegetation KW - Precipitation KW - Children KW - Satellites KW - Pregnancy KW - Joints KW - South America KW - Climate and ecosystems KW - Africa KW - Global warming KW - Brightness temperature KW - K 03410:Animal Diseases KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms KW - M2 551.577:General Precipitation (551.577) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918070037?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Kogan%2C+Felix%3BPowell%2C+A%3BGoldberg%2C+M&rft.aulast=Kogan&rft.aufirst=Felix&rft.date=2010-06-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Early+detection+and+monitoring+malaria+from+space&rft.title=Early+detection+and+monitoring+malaria+from+space&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-28 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Three-dimensional variational data assimilation of ozone and fine particulate matter observations. Some results using the Weather Research and Forecasting-Chemistry model and Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation AN - 918068835; 16194624 AB - In routine air quality forecasting, initial conditions for chemical species are obtained from previous-day forecasts without accounting for observations. An experiment is described in this article, in which surface measurements of ozone and fine aerosols over the northeastern America are assimilated into the Weather Research and Forecasting - Chemistry model, using Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation, a three-dimensional variational assimilation tool. Metrics to obtain a background error covariance matrix are derived from forecasts during a summer season. The assimilation experiment is performed in another summer season. Results show that forecasts of ozone and fine aerosol concentrations benefit significantly from the assimilation in terms of standard verification scores for a period of at least 24 hours. JF - American Meteorological Society. [np]. 16 Jun 2010. AU - Pagowski, Mariusz AU - Grell, G A AU - McKeen, SA AU - Peckham, SE AU - Devenyi, D Y1 - 2010/06/16/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 16 PB - American Meteorological Society KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Prediction KW - Ozone measurements KW - Atmospheric pollution models KW - Data assimilation KW - Ozone in troposphere KW - Atmospheric chemistry conferences KW - Air quality forecasting KW - Chemical speciation KW - Seasonal variability KW - Weather forecasting KW - Ozone KW - Surface chemistry KW - Modelling KW - Weather KW - Aerosols KW - Conferences KW - Suspended particulate matter KW - Interpolation KW - Air pollution KW - Air pollution forecasting KW - Atmospheric chemistry KW - summer KW - Statistical forecasting KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - Q2 09188:Atmospheric chemistry KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918068835?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Pollution+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Pagowski%2C+Mariusz%3BGrell%2C+G+A%3BMcKeen%2C+SA%3BPeckham%2C+SE%3BDevenyi%2C+D&rft.aulast=Pagowski&rft.aufirst=Mariusz&rft.date=2010-06-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Three-dimensional+variational+data+assimilation+of+ozone+and+fine+particulate+matter+observations.+Some+results+using+the+Weather+Research+and+Forecasting-Chemistry+model+and+Gridpoint+Statistical+Interpolation&rft.title=Three-dimensional+variational+data+assimilation+of+ozone+and+fine+particulate+matter+observations.+Some+results+using+the+Weather+Research+and+Forecasting-Chemistry+model+and+Gridpoint+Statistical+Interpolation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Global Wind and Solar Energy Estimate and Forecasting AN - 918050542; 16194521 AB - Energy and environmental issues are among the most important problems of public concern, and solar and wind energy are considering to be a clean and sustainable energy. However, for a cost-effective and uninterrupted solar and wind energy supplies, it would be required to know the energy distribution and forecasting. Through our analyses of the National Centers for Environment Prediction (NCEP) data, we confirm that the amount of usable solar and wind energy far exceeds the world's total energy demand, with technology feasibility being considered. We will present global distributions of solar and wind energy, and highlight potential sites for the renewable energy development. We have investigated the accuracy of forecasting solar and wind energy. Our results show that 2 ~ 3 days wind and solar energy forecasting would be useful for scheduling applications and storage of solar and wind energy, a practical approach to maintaining uninterrupted solar and wind-generated electricity. We have developed a web-based tool with which anyone can find solar and wind energy amounts at any location in the world. The tool is available at www.renewableenergyst.org. JF - American Meteorological Society. [np]. 16 Jun 2010. AU - Liu, Quanhua AU - Weng, F AU - Goldberg, M Y1 - 2010/06/16/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 16 PB - American Meteorological Society KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Conferences KW - Economics KW - Energy demand KW - Feasibility studies KW - Forecasting symposia KW - Global winds KW - Prediction KW - Public concern KW - Renewable energy KW - Solar energy KW - Solar wind KW - Weather KW - Wind energy KW - energy demand KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - M2 551.509.1/.5:Forecasting (551.509.1/.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/918050542?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Global+Wind+and+Solar+Energy+Estimate+and+Forecasting&rft.au=Liu%2C+Quanhua%3BWeng%2C+F%3BGoldberg%2C+M&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Quanhua&rft.date=2010-06-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-12-03 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - OnTheMap Data and Tool T2 - 41st Symposium on the Interface, Computational Statistics and Human Behavior (Interface 2010) AN - 839687602; 5925336 JF - 41st Symposium on the Interface, Computational Statistics and Human Behavior (Interface 2010) AU - Wu, Jeremy Y1 - 2010/06/16/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 16 KW - {Q1} KW - Data processing KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839687602?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=41st+Symposium+on+the+Interface%2C+Computational+Statistics+and+Human+Behavior+%28Interface+2010%29&rft.atitle=OnTheMap+Data+and+Tool&rft.au=Wu%2C+Jeremy&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Jeremy&rft.date=2010-06-16&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=41st+Symposium+on+the+Interface%2C+Computational+Statistics+and+Human+Behavior+%28Interface+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.interfacesymposia.org/Interface2010/ScheduleforInterface201 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interannual variability of surface water extent at the global scale, 1993-2004 AN - 754561981; 13369936 AB - Land surface waters play a primary role in the global water cycle and climate. As a consequence, there is a widespread demand for accurate and long-term quantitative observations of their distribution over the whole globe. This study presents the first global data set that quantifies the monthly distribution of surface water extent at ~25 km sampling intervals over 12 years (1993-2004). These estimates, generated from complementary multiple-satellite observations, including passive (Special Sensor Microwave Imager) and active (ERS scatterometer) microwaves along with visible and near-infrared imagery (advanced very high-resolution radiometer; AVHRR), were first developed over 1993-2000. The ERS encountered technical problems in 2001 and the processing scheme had to be adapted to extend the time series. Here we investigate and discuss the adjustments of the methodology, compare the various options, and show that the data set can be extended with good confidence beyond 2000, using ERS and AVHRR mean monthly climatologies. In addition to a large seasonal and interannual variability, the new results show a slight overall decrease in global inundated area between 1993 and 2004, representing an ~5.7% reduction of the mean annual maximum in 12 years. The decrease is mainly observed in the tropics during the 1990s. Over inland water bodies and large river basins, we assess the variability of the surface water extent against related variables such as in situ river discharges, altimeter-derived and in situ river/floodplain water level heights, and precipitation estimates. This new 12 year data set of global surface water extent represents an unprecedented source of information for future hydrological or methane modeling. JF - Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres AU - Papa, F AU - Prigent, C AU - Aires, F AU - Jimenez, C AU - Rossow, W B AU - Matthews, E AD - NOAA Cooperative Remote Sensing Science and Technology Center, City College of New York, New York, New York, USA Y1 - 2010/06/16/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 16 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [mailto:service@agu.org], [URL:http://www.agu.org] VL - 115 IS - D12 SN - 2169-897X, 2169-897X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - 1855 Hydrology: Remote sensing KW - 1820 Hydrology: Floodplain dynamics KW - 1899 Hydrology: General or miscellaneous KW - 1640 Global Change: Remote sensing KW - 9399 Geographic Location: General or miscellaneous KW - surface water KW - remote sensing KW - hydrology KW - Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) KW - Monthly distribution KW - Inland waters KW - Variability KW - Surface water KW - River discharge variability KW - Surface Water KW - Freshwater KW - Time series analysis KW - Radiometers KW - Microwaves KW - AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer) KW - Climatology KW - Seasonal variations KW - Rivers KW - Methane KW - Hydrologic analysis KW - River discharges KW - Climates KW - River basins KW - Precipitation KW - Flood Plains KW - Interannual variability KW - Water cycle KW - Flood plains KW - Flood variability KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - M2 551.577:General Precipitation (551.577) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754561981?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+Atmospheres&rft.atitle=Interannual+variability+of+surface+water+extent+at+the+global+scale%2C+1993-2004&rft.au=Papa%2C+F%3BPrigent%2C+C%3BAires%2C+F%3BJimenez%2C+C%3BRossow%2C+W+B%3BMatthews%2C+E&rft.aulast=Papa&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=2010-06-16&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=D12&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research.+Atmospheres&rft.issn=2169897X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F2009JD012674 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Radiometers; Monthly distribution; Inland waters; Methane; Flood plains; Microwaves; Surface water; River basins; Seasonal variations; Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I); River discharges; Hydrologic analysis; River discharge variability; Precipitation; Time series analysis; Interannual variability; Water cycle; AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer); Climatology; Flood variability; Flood Plains; Rivers; Variability; Climates; Surface Water; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009JD012674 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - First Principles Modeling Studies of Cation Adsorption at Oxide-Water Interfaces T2 - 2010 Annual V.M. Goldschmidt Conference (Goldschmidt(TM)2010) AN - 839696356; 5943129 JF - 2010 Annual V.M. Goldschmidt Conference (Goldschmidt(TM)2010) AU - Mason, S AU - Iceman, C AU - Trainor, T AU - Chaka, A Y1 - 2010/06/13/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 13 KW - {Q1} KW - Adsorption KW - Cations KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839696356?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+Annual+V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+%28Goldschmidt%28TM%292010%29&rft.atitle=First+Principles+Modeling+Studies+of+Cation+Adsorption+at+Oxide-Water+Interfaces&rft.au=Mason%2C+S%3BIceman%2C+C%3BTrainor%2C+T%3BChaka%2C+A&rft.aulast=Mason&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2010-06-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+Annual+V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+%28Goldschmidt%28TM%292010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.goldschmidt2010.org/program/index LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Isotopic Reference Materials: New Frontiers Leading to New Opportunities T2 - 2010 Annual V.M. Goldschmidt Conference (Goldschmidt(TM)2010) AN - 839695155; 5942500 JF - 2010 Annual V.M. Goldschmidt Conference (Goldschmidt(TM)2010) AU - Vocke, R AU - Mann, J Y1 - 2010/06/13/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 13 KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839695155?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+Annual+V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+%28Goldschmidt%28TM%292010%29&rft.atitle=Isotopic+Reference+Materials%3A+New+Frontiers+Leading+to+New+Opportunities&rft.au=Vocke%2C+R%3BMann%2C+J&rft.aulast=Vocke&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2010-06-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+Annual+V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+%28Goldschmidt%28TM%292010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.goldschmidt2010.org/program/index LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Dry and Wet Deposition of Reduced Nitrogen to the Tampa Bay Watershed T2 - 2010 Annual V.M. Goldschmidt Conference (Goldschmidt(TM)2010) AN - 839686648; 5943548 JF - 2010 Annual V.M. Goldschmidt Conference (Goldschmidt(TM)2010) AU - Myles, L AU - Robinson, L Y1 - 2010/06/13/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 13 KW - {Q1} KW - USA, Florida, Tampa Bay KW - Wet deposition KW - Watersheds KW - Nitrogen KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839686648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+Annual+V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+%28Goldschmidt%28TM%292010%29&rft.atitle=Dry+and+Wet+Deposition+of+Reduced+Nitrogen+to+the+Tampa+Bay+Watershed&rft.au=Myles%2C+L%3BRobinson%2C+L&rft.aulast=Myles&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2010-06-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+Annual+V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+%28Goldschmidt%28TM%292010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.goldschmidt2010.org/program/index LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Titanium Distribution in a Swimming Pool - The Case for Dissolution T2 - 2010 Annual V.M. Goldschmidt Conference (Goldschmidt(TM)2010) AN - 839686193; 5943290 JF - 2010 Annual V.M. Goldschmidt Conference (Goldschmidt(TM)2010) AU - Holbrook, R AU - Motabar, D AU - Quinones, O AU - Stanford, B AU - Snyder, S Y1 - 2010/06/13/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 13 KW - {Q1} KW - Recreation areas KW - Swimming pools KW - Titanium KW - Dissolution KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839686193?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+Annual+V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+%28Goldschmidt%28TM%292010%29&rft.atitle=Titanium+Distribution+in+a+Swimming+Pool+-+The+Case+for+Dissolution&rft.au=Holbrook%2C+R%3BMotabar%2C+D%3BQuinones%2C+O%3BStanford%2C+B%3BSnyder%2C+S&rft.aulast=Holbrook&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2010-06-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+Annual+V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+%28Goldschmidt%28TM%292010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.goldschmidt2010.org/program/index LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Microstructure of Trinitite, the Glassed Sand from the First Nuclear Explosion T2 - 2010 Annual V.M. Goldschmidt Conference (Goldschmidt(TM)2010) AN - 839680353; 5942104 JF - 2010 Annual V.M. Goldschmidt Conference (Goldschmidt(TM)2010) AU - Fahey, A AU - Newbury, D Y1 - 2010/06/13/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 13 KW - {Q1} KW - Explosions KW - Sand KW - Nuclear explosions KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839680353?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+Annual+V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+%28Goldschmidt%28TM%292010%29&rft.atitle=The+Microstructure+of+Trinitite%2C+the+Glassed+Sand+from+the+First+Nuclear+Explosion&rft.au=Fahey%2C+A%3BNewbury%2C+D&rft.aulast=Fahey&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2010-06-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+Annual+V.M.+Goldschmidt+Conference+%28Goldschmidt%28TM%292010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.goldschmidt2010.org/program/index LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Impact of U.S. Export Regulations on the Timely Response to an Influenza Pandemic T2 - 2010 Conference and Exposition of the American Society of Safety Engineers on Professional Development AN - 754251348; 5823982 JF - 2010 Conference and Exposition of the American Society of Safety Engineers on Professional Development AU - Lee, Betty Y1 - 2010/06/13/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 13 KW - USA KW - Exports KW - Influenza KW - Pandemics KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754251348?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+Conference+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Society+of+Safety+Engineers+on+Professional+Development&rft.atitle=Impact+of+U.S.+Export+Regulations+on+the+Timely+Response+to+an+Influenza+Pandemic&rft.au=Lee%2C+Betty&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Betty&rft.date=2010-06-13&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+Conference+and+Exposition+of+the+American+Society+of+Safety+Engineers+on+Professional+Development&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.asse.org/education/pdc10/docs/ASSE-SAFETY-2010-60-pg.pdf LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Beaufort Sea survey: oceanographic linkages and climate change impacts T2 - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AN - 839695069; 5918274 JF - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AU - Logerwell, E A AU - Rand, K AU - Parker-Stetter, S AU - Horne, J AU - Weingartner, T Y1 - 2010/06/08/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 08 KW - {Q1} KW - Beaufort Sea KW - Climatic changes KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839695069?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Beaufort+Sea+survey%3A+oceanographic+linkages+and+climate+change+impacts&rft.au=Logerwell%2C+E+A%3BRand%2C+K%3BParker-Stetter%2C+S%3BHorne%2C+J%3BWeingartner%2C+T&rft.aulast=Logerwell&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2010-06-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ipy-osc.no/osc_programme LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Marine fishes, birds and mammals as sentinels of ecosystem change in the Pacific Arctic T2 - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AN - 839695009; 5918272 JF - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AU - Moore, S E AU - Logerwell, E A Y1 - 2010/06/08/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 08 KW - {Q1} KW - Pacific KW - Arctic KW - Aves KW - Polar environments KW - Mammals KW - Marine fishes KW - Marine fish KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839695009?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Marine+fishes%2C+birds+and+mammals+as+sentinels+of+ecosystem+change+in+the+Pacific+Arctic&rft.au=Moore%2C+S+E%3BLogerwell%2C+E+A&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2010-06-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ipy-osc.no/osc_programme LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Large-scale atmospheric circulation changes are associated with the recent loss of Arctic sea ice T2 - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AN - 839694103; 5918257 JF - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AU - Overland, J E AU - Wang, M Y1 - 2010/06/08/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 08 KW - {Q1} KW - Arctic KW - Sea ice KW - Polar environments KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839694103?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Large-scale+atmospheric+circulation+changes+are+associated+with+the+recent+loss+of+Arctic+sea+ice&rft.au=Overland%2C+J+E%3BWang%2C+M&rft.aulast=Overland&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2010-06-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ipy-osc.no/osc_programme LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Arctic Cloud-Atmospheric Boundary Layer-Surface (CAS) System: Process Interactions and Sensitivities in Observations and Simulations T2 - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AN - 839672996; 5918053 JF - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AU - Persson, P O G AU - Shupe, M AU - Solomon, A AU - Wheeler, C Y1 - 2010/06/08/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 08 KW - {Q1} KW - Arctic KW - Polar environments KW - Sensitivity KW - Simulation KW - Boundaries KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839672996?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=The+Arctic+Cloud-Atmospheric+Boundary+Layer-Surface+%28CAS%29+System%3A+Process+Interactions+and+Sensitivities+in+Observations+and+Simulations&rft.au=Persson%2C+P+O+G%3BShupe%2C+M%3BSolomon%2C+A%3BWheeler%2C+C&rft.aulast=Persson&rft.aufirst=P+O&rft.date=2010-06-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ipy-osc.no/osc_programme LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Boundary layer ozone depletion events measured by ozonesondes at Barrow, Alaska in 2008 and 2009 T2 - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AN - 839671214; 5916523 JF - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AU - Johnson, B AU - Oltmans, S AU - Helmig, D AU - Boylan, P Y1 - 2010/06/08/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 08 KW - {Q1} KW - USA, Alaska, Barrow KW - Ozone KW - Boundary layers KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839671214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Boundary+layer+ozone+depletion+events+measured+by+ozonesondes+at+Barrow%2C+Alaska+in+2008+and+2009&rft.au=Johnson%2C+B%3BOltmans%2C+S%3BHelmig%2C+D%3BBoylan%2C+P&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2010-06-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ipy-osc.no/osc_programme LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Large recent shifts in the meteorology of the Pacific Arctic region T2 - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AN - 839663554; 5917779 JF - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AU - Overland, J E AU - Wang, M Y1 - 2010/06/08/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 08 KW - {Q1} KW - Pacific KW - Arctic KW - Polar environments KW - Meteorology KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839663554?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Large+recent+shifts+in+the+meteorology+of+the+Pacific+Arctic+region&rft.au=Overland%2C+J+E%3BWang%2C+M&rft.aulast=Overland&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2010-06-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ipy-osc.no/osc_programme LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Modeling the effects of tidal and wave mixing on circulation and thermohaline structures in the Bering Sea: Process studies T2 - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AN - 839663390; 5917782 JF - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AU - Wang, Jia AU - Hu, Haoguo Y1 - 2010/06/08/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 08 KW - {Q1} KW - Bering Sea KW - Waves KW - Tidal models KW - Thermohaline circulation KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839663390?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+effects+of+tidal+and+wave+mixing+on+circulation+and+thermohaline+structures+in+the+Bering+Sea%3A+Process+studies&rft.au=Wang%2C+Jia%3BHu%2C+Haoguo&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Jia&rft.date=2010-06-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ipy-osc.no/osc_programme LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - An interpretation of ozone measurements over Antarctica from 2000 to 2009 in the context of the historical record (1962-2000) T2 - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AN - 839660259; 5917178 JF - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AU - Hassler, B AU - Bodeker, G E AU - Solomon, S Y1 - 2010/06/08/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 08 KW - {Q1} KW - Antarctica KW - Historical account KW - Emission measurements KW - Ozone KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839660259?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=An+interpretation+of+ozone+measurements+over+Antarctica+from+2000+to+2009+in+the+context+of+the+historical+record+%281962-2000%29&rft.au=Hassler%2C+B%3BBodeker%2C+G+E%3BSolomon%2C+S&rft.aulast=Hassler&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=2010-06-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ipy-osc.no/osc_programme LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - NOAA Satellite Products for IPY T2 - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AN - 839659324; 5917003 JF - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AU - Clemente-Colon, P AU - Key, J Y1 - 2010/06/08/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 08 KW - {Q1} KW - Remote sensing KW - Satellites KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839659324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=NOAA+Satellite+Products+for+IPY&rft.au=Clemente-Colon%2C+P%3BKey%2C+J&rft.aulast=Clemente-Colon&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=2010-06-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ipy-osc.no/osc_programme LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Observations of Arctic Clouds, Boundary-layer Structure, and Surface Energy Fluxes during the 2008 ASCOS/AMISA Field Programs T2 - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AN - 839659255; 5916994 JF - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AU - Persson, P.O.G. AU - Mauritsen, T AU - Shupe, M AU - Sedlar, J AU - Sukovich, E AU - Tjernstrom, M AU - Brooks, B J AU - Gasiewski, A AU - Brooks, I M Y1 - 2010/06/08/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 08 KW - {Q1} KW - Arctic KW - Polar environments KW - Clouds KW - Surface properties KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839659255?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Observations+of+Arctic+Clouds%2C+Boundary-layer+Structure%2C+and+Surface+Energy+Fluxes+during+the+2008+ASCOS%2FAMISA+Field+Programs&rft.au=Persson%2C+P.O.G.%3BMauritsen%2C+T%3BShupe%2C+M%3BSedlar%2C+J%3BSukovich%2C+E%3BTjernstrom%2C+M%3BBrooks%2C+B+J%3BGasiewski%2C+A%3BBrooks%2C+I+M&rft.aulast=Persson&rft.aufirst=P.O.G.&rft.date=2010-06-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ipy-osc.no/osc_programme LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The stratospheric circulation response to tropically-forced climate patterns and implications for surface predictability T2 - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AN - 839659226; 5917180 JF - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AU - Butler, A H AU - Kumar, A AU - Long, C AU - L'Heureux, M Y1 - 2010/06/08/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 08 KW - {Q1} KW - Stratosphere KW - Climate KW - Temperature effects KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839659226?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=The+stratospheric+circulation+response+to+tropically-forced+climate+patterns+and+implications+for+surface+predictability&rft.au=Butler%2C+A+H%3BKumar%2C+A%3BLong%2C+C%3BL%27Heureux%2C+M&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2010-06-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ipy-osc.no/osc_programme LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The extratropical atmospheric circulation response to idealized thermal forcings in a simple GCM T2 - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AN - 839656511; 5916445 JF - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AU - Butler, A AU - Thompson, D Y1 - 2010/06/08/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 08 KW - {Q1} KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Atmospheric forcing KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839656511?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=The+extratropical+atmospheric+circulation+response+to+idealized+thermal+forcings+in+a+simple+GCM&rft.au=Butler%2C+A%3BThompson%2C+D&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=2010-06-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ipy-osc.no/osc_programme LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A Pan-Arctic Characterization of Arctic Aerosols Derived from Airborne Photometric Observations made during April 2009 T2 - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AN - 839655888; 5916923 JF - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AU - Stone, R AU - Herber, A AU - Vitale, V AU - Mazzola, M AU - Lupi, A AU - Schnell, R Y1 - 2010/06/08/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 08 KW - {Q1} KW - Arctic KW - Polar environments KW - Aerosols KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839655888?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=A+Pan-Arctic+Characterization+of+Arctic+Aerosols+Derived+from+Airborne+Photometric+Observations+made+during+April+2009&rft.au=Stone%2C+R%3BHerber%2C+A%3BVitale%2C+V%3BMazzola%2C+M%3BLupi%2C+A%3BSchnell%2C+R&rft.aulast=Stone&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=2010-06-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ipy-osc.no/osc_programme LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - US Integrated Ocean Observing System: Supporting Offshore Renewable Energy Development T2 - 2010 Annual Energy Ocean Conference (EnergyOcean 2010) AN - 754319507; 5875146 JF - 2010 Annual Energy Ocean Conference (EnergyOcean 2010) AU - Harlan, Jack AU - Willis, Zdenka Y1 - 2010/06/08/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 08 KW - Oceans KW - Renewable energy KW - Conservation KW - Resource management KW - Environment management KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754319507?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+Annual+Energy+Ocean+Conference+%28EnergyOcean+2010%29&rft.atitle=US+Integrated+Ocean+Observing+System%3A+Supporting+Offshore+Renewable+Energy+Development&rft.au=Harlan%2C+Jack%3BWillis%2C+Zdenka&rft.aulast=Harlan&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft.date=2010-06-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+Annual+Energy+Ocean+Conference+%28EnergyOcean+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.energyocean.com/2010/attend-techprog.php LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Antarctica's climate secrets: the impacts of empowering young people with climate change science knowledge T2 - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AN - 754314340; 5867724 JF - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AU - Dahlman, L AU - Huffman, L T AU - Diamond, J AU - Berg, M Y1 - 2010/06/08/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 08 KW - Antarctica KW - Climatic changes KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754314340?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Antarctica%27s+climate+secrets%3A+the+impacts+of+empowering+young+people+with+climate+change+science+knowledge&rft.au=Dahlman%2C+L%3BHuffman%2C+L+T%3BDiamond%2C+J%3BBerg%2C+M&rft.aulast=Dahlman&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=2010-06-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ipy-osc.no/osc_programme LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Long Term Changes in Tropospheric Ozone Mediated by Interaction with Snow and Ice at High Polar Latitudes T2 - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AN - 754313685; 5866790 JF - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AU - Oltmans, S AU - Johnson, B AU - Harris, J AU - Helmig, D Y1 - 2010/06/08/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 08 KW - Ice KW - Ozone KW - Long term changes KW - Snow KW - Latitude KW - Troposphere KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754313685?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Long+Term+Changes+in+Tropospheric+Ozone+Mediated+by+Interaction+with+Snow+and+Ice+at+High+Polar+Latitudes&rft.au=Oltmans%2C+S%3BJohnson%2C+B%3BHarris%2C+J%3BHelmig%2C+D&rft.aulast=Oltmans&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2010-06-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ipy-osc.no/osc_programme LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Evidence for Rapid Photochemical Recycling of Antarctic Plateau Reactive Nitrogen and Its Transport to Coastal Areas Via Connecting Glacial Valleys (PART I) T2 - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AN - 754313191; 5867346 JF - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AU - Neff, W AU - Buhr, M AU - Crawford, J AU - Davis, D Y1 - 2010/06/08/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 08 KW - Recycling KW - Waste management KW - Plateaus KW - Coastal zone KW - Photochemicals KW - Nitrogen KW - Valleys KW - Paleoceanography KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754313191?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Evidence+for+Rapid+Photochemical+Recycling+of+Antarctic+Plateau+Reactive+Nitrogen+and+Its+Transport+to+Coastal+Areas+Via+Connecting+Glacial+Valleys+%28PART+I%29&rft.au=Neff%2C+W%3BBuhr%2C+M%3BCrawford%2C+J%3BDavis%2C+D&rft.aulast=Neff&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2010-06-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ipy-osc.no/osc_programme LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Communicating Changes in the Arctic Environment T2 - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AN - 754312688; 5867470 JF - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AU - Soreide, N AU - Overland, J AU - Richter-Menge, J AU - Eicken, H AU - Wiggins, H AU - Calder, J Y1 - 2010/06/08/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 08 KW - Arctic KW - Polar environments KW - Arctic zone KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754312688?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=Communicating+Changes+in+the+Arctic+Environment&rft.au=Soreide%2C+N%3BOverland%2C+J%3BRichter-Menge%2C+J%3BEicken%2C+H%3BWiggins%2C+H%3BCalder%2C+J&rft.aulast=Soreide&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=2010-06-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ipy-osc.no/osc_programme LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - International Arctic Systems for Observing the Atmosphere (IASOA): An Overview of International Polar Year Activities T2 - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AN - 754312081; 5867563 JF - 2010 International Polar Year Oslo Science Conference AU - Darby, AU - Drummond, J AU - Uttal, T Y1 - 2010/06/08/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 08 KW - Arctic KW - Polar environments KW - Atmosphere KW - Reviews KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754312081?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.atitle=International+Arctic+Systems+for+Observing+the+Atmosphere+%28IASOA%29%3A+An+Overview+of+International+Polar+Year+Activities&rft.au=Darby%2C%3BDrummond%2C+J%3BUttal%2C+T&rft.aulast=Darby&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-06-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+International+Polar+Year+Oslo+Science+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://ipy-osc.no/osc_programme LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Describing U.S. West Coast Commercial Fishing Communiities by Targeted Fish Species and Commonly Used Fishing Gears T2 - 16th International Symposium on Society and Resource Management (SSRM 2010) AN - 754302343; 5850361 JF - 16th International Symposium on Society and Resource Management (SSRM 2010) AU - Russell, Suzanne Y1 - 2010/06/06/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 06 KW - USA KW - Commercial fishing KW - Fish KW - Fishing KW - Coasts KW - Fishing gear KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754302343?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=16th+International+Symposium+on+Society+and+Resource+Management+%28SSRM+2010%29&rft.atitle=Describing+U.S.+West+Coast+Commercial+Fishing+Communiities+by+Targeted+Fish+Species+and+Commonly+Used+Fishing+Gears&rft.au=Russell%2C+Suzanne&rft.aulast=Russell&rft.aufirst=Suzanne&rft.date=2010-06-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=16th+International+Symposium+on+Society+and+Resource+Management+%28SSRM+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.issrm2010.iasnr.org/index.php?L1=left_program.php&L2=body_p LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - FEATs don't fail me now: development and application of the Fishing Ecosystem Analysis Tool T2 - 16th International Symposium on Society and Resource Management (SSRM 2010) AN - 754297839; 5850337 JF - 16th International Symposium on Society and Resource Management (SSRM 2010) AU - Allen, Stewart Y1 - 2010/06/06/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 06 KW - Fishing KW - Ecosystem analysis KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754297839?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=16th+International+Symposium+on+Society+and+Resource+Management+%28SSRM+2010%29&rft.atitle=FEATs+don%27t+fail+me+now%3A+development+and+application+of+the+Fishing+Ecosystem+Analysis+Tool&rft.au=Allen%2C+Stewart&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=Stewart&rft.date=2010-06-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=16th+International+Symposium+on+Society+and+Resource+Management+%28SSRM+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.issrm2010.iasnr.org/index.php?L1=left_program.php&L2=body_p LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Fishing off the dock and under the radar: subsistence fishing in Southern California T2 - 16th International Symposium on Society and Resource Management (SSRM 2010) AN - 754297254; 5850358 JF - 16th International Symposium on Society and Resource Management (SSRM 2010) AU - Norman, Karma AU - Pitchon, Ariana Y1 - 2010/06/06/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 06 KW - USA, California KW - Fishing KW - Radar KW - Port installations KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754297254?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=16th+International+Symposium+on+Society+and+Resource+Management+%28SSRM+2010%29&rft.atitle=Fishing+off+the+dock+and+under+the+radar%3A+subsistence+fishing+in+Southern+California&rft.au=Norman%2C+Karma%3BPitchon%2C+Ariana&rft.aulast=Norman&rft.aufirst=Karma&rft.date=2010-06-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=16th+International+Symposium+on+Society+and+Resource+Management+%28SSRM+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.issrm2010.iasnr.org/index.php?L1=left_program.php&L2=body_p LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dynamics and mechanisms of quantum dot nanoparticle cellular uptake AN - 753691607; 13316657 AB - The rapid growth of the nanotechnology industry and the wide application of various nanomaterials have raised concerns over their impact on the environment and human health. Yet little is known about the mechanism of cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of nanoparticles. An array of nanomaterials has recently been introduced into cancer research promising for remarkable improvements in diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Among them, quantum dots (QDs) distinguish themselves in offering many intrinsic photophysical properties that are desirable for targeted imaging and drug delivery. We explored the kinetics and mechanism of cellular uptake of QDs with different surface coatings in two human mammary cells. Using fluorescence microscopy and laser scanning cytometry (LSC), we found that both MCF-7 and MCF-10A cells internalized large amount of QD655-COOH, but the percentage of endocytosing cells is slightly higher in MCF-7 cell line than in MCF-10A cell line. Live cell fluorescent imaging showed that QD cellular uptake increases with time over 40 h of incubation. Staining cells with dyes specific to various intracellular organelles indicated that QDs were localized in lysosomes. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images suggested a potential pathway for QD cellular uptake mechanism involving three major stages: endocytosis, sequestration in early endosomes, and translocation to later endosomes or lysosomes. No cytotoxicity was observed in cells incubated with 0.8 nM of QDs for a period of 72 h. The findings presented here provide information on the mechanism of QD endocytosis that could be exploited to reduce non-specific targeting, thereby improving specific targeting of QDs in cancer diagnosis and treatment applications. These findings are also important in understanding the cytotoxicity of nanomaterials and in emphasizing the importance of strict environmental control of nanoparticles. JF - Journal of Nanobiotechnology AU - Xiao, Yan AU - Forry, Samuel P AU - Gao, Xiugong AU - Holbrook, R David AU - Telford, William G AU - Tona, Alessandro AD - Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD, USA PY - 2010 SP - 13 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House London W1T 4LB UK VL - 8 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Drug delivery KW - Transmission electron microscopy KW - imaging KW - Cancer KW - Cytometry KW - Endocytosis KW - endosomes KW - Cytotoxicity KW - Dyes KW - Quantum dots KW - Kinetics KW - Organelles KW - nanoparticles KW - Translocation KW - Lysosomes KW - Coatings KW - nanotechnology KW - W 30915:Pharmaceuticals & Vaccines UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/753691607?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nanobiotechnology&rft.atitle=Dynamics+and+mechanisms+of+quantum+dot+nanoparticle+cellular+uptake&rft.au=Xiao%2C+Yan%3BForry%2C+Samuel+P%3BGao%2C+Xiugong%3BHolbrook%2C+R+David%3BTelford%2C+William+G%3BTona%2C+Alessandro&rft.aulast=Xiao&rft.aufirst=Yan&rft.date=2010-06-05&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Nanobiotechnology&rft.issn=1477-3155&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2F1477-3155-8-13 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Drug delivery; Transmission electron microscopy; imaging; Cytometry; Cancer; Endocytosis; Cytotoxicity; endosomes; Dyes; Quantum dots; Kinetics; Organelles; Translocation; nanoparticles; Lysosomes; nanotechnology; Coatings DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1477-3155-8-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subsurface characterization of carbon nanotubes in polymer composites via quantitative electric force microscopy. AN - 733107992; 20453284 AB - Subsurface characterization of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) dispersed in free-standing polymer composite films was achieved via quantitative electric force microscopy (EFM). The effects of relative humidity, EFM probe geometry, tip-sample distance and bias voltage on the EFM contrast were studied. Non-parabolic voltage dependence of the EFM signal of subsurface CNTs in polymer composites was observed and a new mechanism was proposed taking consideration of capacitive coupling as well as coulombic coupling. We anticipate that this quantitative EFM technique will be a useful tool for non-destructive subsurface characterization of high dielectric constant nanostructures in low dielectric constant matrices. JF - Nanotechnology AU - Zhao, Minhua AU - Gu, Xiaohong AU - Lowther, Sharon E AU - Park, Cheol AU - Jean, Y C AU - Nguyen, Tinh AD - Materials and Construction Research Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA. minhua.zhao@nist.gov Y1 - 2010/06/04/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 04 SP - 225702 VL - 21 IS - 22 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/733107992?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nanotechnology&rft.atitle=Subsurface+characterization+of+carbon+nanotubes+in+polymer+composites+via+quantitative+electric+force+microscopy.&rft.au=Zhao%2C+Minhua%3BGu%2C+Xiaohong%3BLowther%2C+Sharon+E%3BPark%2C+Cheol%3BJean%2C+Y+C%3BNguyen%2C+Tinh&rft.aulast=Zhao&rft.aufirst=Minhua&rft.date=2010-06-04&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=225702&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nanotechnology&rft.issn=1361-6528&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F0957-4484%2F21%2F22%2F225702 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2010-08-24 N1 - Date created - 2010-05-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Erratum In: Nanotechnology. 2010 Aug 20;21(33):339801 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/21/22/225702 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geomorphology of mesophotic coral ecosystems; current perspectives on morphology, distribution, and mapping strategies AN - 884413045; 2011-068412 AB - This paper presents a general review of the distribution of mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs) in relationship to geomorphology in US waters. It was specifically concerned with the depth range of 30-100 m, where more than 186,000 km (super 2) of potential seafloor area was identified within the US Gulf of Mexico/Florida, Caribbean, and main Hawaiian Islands. The geomorphology of MCEs was largely inherited from a variety of pre-existing structures of highly diverse origins, which, in combination with environmental stress and physical controls, restrict the distribution of MCEs. Sea-level history, along with depositional and erosional processes, played an integral role in formation of MCE settings. However, mapping the distribution of both potential MCE topography/substrate and existing MCE habitat is only beginning. Mapping techniques pertinent to understanding morphology and MCE distributions are discussed throughout this paper. Future investigations need to consider more cost-effective and remote methods (such as autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) and acoustics) in order to assess the distribution and extent of MCE habitat. Some understanding of the history of known MCEs through coring studies would help understand their initiation and response to environmental change over time, essential for assessing how they may be impacted by future environmental change. Copyright 2010 Springer-Verlag and Government Employee: U. S. Geological Survey and NOAA JF - Coral Reefs AU - Locker, S D AU - Armstrong, R A AU - Battista, T A AU - Rooney, J J AU - Sherman, C AU - Zawada, D G A2 - Marr, J. C. A. Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - June 2010 SP - 329 EP - 345 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 29 IS - 2 SN - 0722-4028, 0722-4028 KW - United States KW - methods KW - reefs KW - mapping KW - ecosystems KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - spatial distribution KW - habitat KW - Pacific Ocean KW - geomorphology KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/884413045?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Coral+Reefs&rft.atitle=Geomorphology+of+mesophotic+coral+ecosystems%3B+current+perspectives+on+morphology%2C+distribution%2C+and+mapping+strategies&rft.au=Locker%2C+S+D%3BArmstrong%2C+R+A%3BBattista%2C+T+A%3BRooney%2C+J+J%3BSherman%2C+C%3BZawada%2C+D+G&rft.aulast=Locker&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=329&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Coral+Reefs&rft.issn=07224028&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00338-010-0613-6 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 85 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CORFDL N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; ecosystems; geomorphology; Gulf of Mexico; habitat; mapping; methods; North Atlantic; Pacific Ocean; reefs; spatial distribution; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00338-010-0613-6 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Public Education Finances, 2008 AN - 881457153; ED520208 AB - The United States Census Bureau conducts an Annual Survey of Government Finances as authorized by law under Title 13, United States Code, Section 182. The 2008 survey, similar to other annual surveys and censuses of governments conducted for many years, covers the entire range of government finance activities--revenue, expenditure, debt, and assets (cash and security holdings). This report contains financial statistics relating to public elementary-secondary education. It includes national and state financial aggregates and display data for each public school system with an enrollment of 10,000 or more. Appendices include: (1) Definitions of Selected Terms; (2) Notes Relating to Education Finance Data; (3) Two-Letter State Abbreviations; and (4) F-33 Survey Form. (Contains 5 figures and 18 tables.) [For "Public Education Finances, 2007," see ED520207.] Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - June 2010 SP - 144 PB - US Census Bureau. 4600 Silver Hill Road, Washington, DC 20233. KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Questionnaires KW - Federal Aid KW - Research Methodology KW - Glossaries KW - Expenditure per Student KW - Educational Finance KW - School Districts KW - Debt (Financial) KW - National Surveys KW - Census Figures KW - Local Government KW - State Aid KW - Income KW - Charter Schools KW - Demography KW - Ancillary School Services KW - Enrollment KW - School District Spending KW - Public Education KW - Community Services KW - Budgets KW - Adult Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/881457153?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developing visual deterrents to reduce sea turtle bycatch in gill net fisheries AN - 874189038; 14409269 AB - Visual cues play important roles in sea turtle foraging behavior and likely influence their interactions with fishing gear. Altering these cues may be a useful strategy to reduce the incidental catch of sea turtles in various fisheries. We examined the potential effectiveness of 3 visual cues - shark shapes placed along the length of the gill net, illumination of nets by LED lights, and nets illuminated with chemical lightsticks - in reducing bycatch of green sea turtles Chelonia mydas in gill nets. We then adapted these potential deterrents into commercial bottom gill net fishery to quantify their effects on target fish catch rates and the catch value. Our results indicate that the presence of shark shapes significantly reduced the mean catch rates of green turtles by 54% but also reduced target catch by 45% and, correspondingly, catch value by 47%. In contrast, nets illuminated by LED lights significantly reduced mean sea turtle catch rates by 40% while having negligible impacts on target catch and catch value. Similarly, nets illuminated by chemical lightsticks also significantly reduced mean sea turtle catch rates by 60% while having no significant impact on target catch and catch value. These results illustrate the potential for modifying fishing gear with visual deterrents to effectively reduce sea turtle catch rates. JF - Marine Ecology Progress Series AU - Wang, John H AU - Fisler, Shara AU - Swimmer, Yonat AD - Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1125B Ala Moana Blvd., Honolulu, Hawaii 96814, USA, john.wang@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - Jun 2010 SP - 241 EP - 250 PB - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany VL - 408 SN - 0171-8630, 0171-8630 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Marine KW - Foraging behavior KW - Aquatic reptiles KW - Man-induced effects KW - Environmental protection KW - Nets KW - Light effects KW - Visual stimuli KW - Marine fish KW - Fishing KW - By catch KW - Shark fisheries KW - Deterrents KW - Illumination KW - Chelonia mydas KW - Fisheries KW - Gillnets KW - Gills KW - Mortality causes KW - Q1 08563:Fishing gear and methods KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/874189038?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.atitle=Developing+visual+deterrents+to+reduce+sea+turtle+bycatch+in+gill+net+fisheries&rft.au=Wang%2C+John+H%3BFisler%2C+Shara%3BSwimmer%2C+Yonat&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=408&rft.issue=&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.issn=01718630&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fmeps08577 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Visual stimuli; Shark fisheries; By catch; Aquatic reptiles; Man-induced effects; Gillnets; Environmental protection; Mortality causes; Fishing; Foraging behavior; Deterrents; Illumination; Fisheries; Gills; Light effects; Nets; Chelonia mydas; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps08577 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Range contraction in a beluga whale population AN - 869586452; 14765088 AB - The small, isolated population of beluga whales Delphinapterus leucas in Cook Inlet, Alaska, USA, has had a distinct contraction in range over the past 3 decades. This contraction is a function of a decline in abundance, evidently caused, at least in part, by high takes during unregulated subsistence hunting. During the 1990s, hunting resulted in takes of over 50 whales yr super(-1), all of which occurred in the northern portion of Cook Inlet. Concurrent with the decline in abundance, sightings became rare in the southern inlet, even though human impact had been relatively low there. Curiously, the density of whales in the northern inlet remained high in spite of the hunts. Significant changes in beluga whale distribution are evident across 3 periods: 1978-1979 (the earliest well-documented data); 1993-1997 (during the recorded decline in abundance); and 1998-2008 (when hunting was regulated and recovery was anticipated). The center of the summer range of beluga whales contracted northeastward into upper Cook Inlet from the 1970s to the 1990s (38 km; p = 0.042) and continued into the 2000s (total of 53 km; p = 0.022) with a longitudinal shift east towards Anchorage (the largest city and port in Alaska) occurring between the 1990s and 2000s (17 km; p = 0.025). The result is a reduced range (>7000 to <3000 km super(2)) in all but the area with the highest degree of human disturbance. If and when the Cook Inlet beluga whale population begins to increase, a reoccupation of peripheral habitats may be the first indication of recovery. JF - Endangered Species Research AU - Rugh, David J AU - Shelden, Kim EW AU - Hobbs, Roderick C AD - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Mammal Laboratory, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, Washington 98115, USA, dave.rugh@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - Jun 2010 SP - 69 EP - 75 PB - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 1863-5407, 1863-5407 KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Geographical distribution KW - Abundance KW - Population dynamics KW - whales KW - Human impact KW - INE, USA, Alaska, Upper Cook Inlet KW - Coastal inlets KW - Urban areas KW - Biological surveys KW - Marine KW - disturbance KW - Data processing KW - Environmental impact KW - Habitat KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Marine mammals KW - INE, USA, Alaska, Cook Inlet KW - hunting KW - summer KW - Endangered species KW - Human factors KW - Cetacea KW - Hunting KW - Delphinapterus leucas KW - USA, Alaska, Anchorage KW - abundance KW - Endangered Species KW - ENA 13:Population Planning & Control KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - Y 25150:General/Miscellaneous KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - Q1 08372:Geographical distribution KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/869586452?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Endangered+Species+Research&rft.atitle=Range+contraction+in+a+beluga+whale+population&rft.au=Rugh%2C+David+J%3BShelden%2C+Kim+EW%3BHobbs%2C+Roderick+C&rft.aulast=Rugh&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Endangered+Species+Research&rft.issn=18635407&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fesr00293 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological surveys; Geographical distribution; Marine mammals; Environmental impact; Coastal inlets; Population dynamics; Ecosystem disturbance; Endangered Species; Data processing; Abundance; Endangered species; Habitat; Hunting; Human impact; disturbance; hunting; summer; Human factors; Urban areas; abundance; whales; Cetacea; Delphinapterus leucas; INE, USA, Alaska, Upper Cook Inlet; INE, USA, Alaska, Cook Inlet; USA, Alaska, Anchorage; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr00293 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tissue-specific distribution and whole-body burden estimates of persistent organic pollutants in the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) AN - 858424384; 14430194 AB - Most exposure assessments for free-ranging cetaceans focus on contaminant concentrations measured in blubber, and few data are available for other tissues or the factors governing contaminant distribution among tissues. The goal of this study was to provide a detailed description of the distribution of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) within the common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) body and assess the role of lipid dynamics in mediating contaminant distribution. Thirteen tissues (brain, blubber, heart, liver, lung, kidney, mammary gland, melon, skeletal muscle, spleen, thyroid, thymus, and testis/uterus) were sampled during necropsy from bottlenose dolphins (n = 4) and analyzed for lipid and 85 POPs, including polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine pesticides, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers. Significant correlations between tissue POP concentrations and lipid suggest that distribution of POPs is generally related to tissue lipid content. However, blubber:tissue partition coefficients ranged widely from 0.753 to 6.25, suggesting that contaminant distribution is not entirely lipid-dependent. Tissue-specific and whole-body contaminant burdens confirmed that blubber, the primary site of metabolic lipid storage, is also the primary site for POP accumulation, contributing >90% to the whole-body burdens. Observations also suggest that as lipid mobilizes from blubber, contaminants may redistribute, leading to elevated tissue concentrations. These results suggest that individuals with reduced blubber lipid may be at increased risk for exposure-related health effects. However, this study also provides evidence that the melon, a metabolically inert lipid-rich structure, may serve as an alternate depot for POPs, thus preventing the bulk of blubber contaminants from being directly available to other tissues. This unique physiological adaptation should be taken into consideration when assessing contaminant-related health effects in wild cetacean populations. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Yordy, Jennifer E AU - Pabst, DAnn AU - McLellan, William A AU - Wells, Randall S AU - Rowles, Teri K AU - Kucklick, John R AD - Marine Biomedicine and Environmental Sciences Center, Medical University of South Carolina, 221 Fort Johnson Rd., Charleston, South Carolina 29412, USA, jennifer.yordy@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/06/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 01 SP - 1263 EP - 1273 PB - Allen Press, Inc., 810 East Tenth St. Lawrence KS 66044 USA VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 1552-8618, 1552-8618 KW - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Persistent organic pollutants KW - Tissue distribution KW - Body burden KW - Bottlenose dolphin KW - Testes KW - Autopsy KW - Organochlorine pesticides KW - dolphins KW - Lipids KW - Tursiops truncatus KW - Toxicity tests KW - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers KW - blubber KW - Pollutants KW - Pollutant persistence KW - Skeletal muscle KW - PCB KW - Heart KW - Marine KW - Uterus KW - Data processing KW - persistent organic pollutants KW - Mammary gland KW - Thymus KW - Muscles KW - Brain KW - Thyroid KW - Cardiac muscle KW - Pesticides (organochlorine) KW - Spleen KW - Kidneys KW - polybrominated diphenyl ethers KW - Lung KW - Marine mammals KW - Kidney KW - Contaminants KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - Q1 08485:Species interactions: pests and control KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms KW - X 24330:Agrochemicals KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/858424384?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Tissue-specific+distribution+and+whole-body+burden+estimates+of+persistent+organic+pollutants+in+the+bottlenose+dolphin+%28Tursiops+truncatus%29&rft.au=Yordy%2C+Jennifer+E%3BPabst%2C+DAnn%3BMcLellan%2C+William+A%3BWells%2C+Randall+S%3BRowles%2C+Teri+K%3BKucklick%2C+John+R&rft.aulast=Yordy&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1263&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=15528618&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fetc.152 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-03-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Heart; Pollutants; Marine mammals; Thymus; Pollutant persistence; Thyroid; Spleen; Kidneys; Toxicity tests; Testes; Autopsy; Uterus; Data processing; Mammary gland; Lipids; Pesticides (organochlorine); Cardiac muscle; polybrominated diphenyl ethers; blubber; Lung; Kidney; Skeletal muscle; Contaminants; PCB; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers; Organochlorine pesticides; persistent organic pollutants; dolphins; Brain; Muscles; Tursiops truncatus; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.152 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exposure of pink salmon embryos to dissolved polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons delays development, prolonging vulnerability to mechanical damage AN - 760207769; 13202644 AB - Exposure to dissolved polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from crude oil delays pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) embryo development, thus prolonging their susceptibility to mechanical damage (shock). Exposure also caused mortality, edema, and anemia consistent with previous studies. Hatching and yolk consumption were delayed, indicating the rate of embryonic development was slowed by PAH exposure. The net result was that exposed embryos were more susceptible to shock than normal, unexposed embryos. Susceptibility to shock was protracted by 4-6d for more than a month in embryos exposed to exponentially declining, dissolved PAH concentrations in water passed through oiled rock; the initial total PAH concentration was 22.4 mu gl super(-1) and the geometric mean concentration was 4.5 mu gl super(-1) over the first 20d. Protracted susceptibility to shock caused by exposure to PAHs dissolved from oil could potentially increase the reported incidence of mortality in oiled stream systems, such as those in Prince William Sound after the Exxon Valdez oil spill, if observers fail to discriminate between direct mortality and shock-induced mortality. JF - Marine Environmental Research AU - Carls, Mark G AU - Thedinga, John F AD - NOAA, NMFS, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Auke Bay Laboratories, Ted Stevens Marine Research Institute, 17109 Point Lena Loop Road, Juneau, AK 99801, USA, mark.carls@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - June 2010 SP - 318 EP - 325 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK VL - 69 IS - 5 SN - 0141-1136, 0141-1136 KW - Pink salmon KW - ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Crude oil KW - Prince William Sound KW - PAH KW - Shock KW - Embryo development KW - anemia KW - Anadromous species KW - Edema KW - Pollution effects KW - Development KW - Streams KW - Yolk KW - Oil KW - Oncorhynchus gorbuscha KW - Sound KW - Aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Embryos KW - Oil pollution KW - Hatching KW - Pollution indicators KW - Oil spills KW - Marine KW - Mortality KW - Anemia KW - Embryonic development KW - Embryogenesis KW - Anaemia KW - polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Stream KW - salmon KW - vulnerability KW - INE, USA, Alaska, Alaska Gulf, Prince William Sound KW - Mortality causes KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - Q4 27750:Environmental KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/760207769?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=Exposure+of+pink+salmon+embryos+to+dissolved+polynuclear+aromatic+hydrocarbons+delays+development%2C+prolonging+vulnerability+to+mechanical+damage&rft.au=Carls%2C+Mark+G%3BThedinga%2C+John+F&rft.aulast=Carls&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=318&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Environmental+Research&rft.issn=01411136&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.marenvres.2009.12.006 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anaemia; Stream; Anadromous species; Embryonic development; Pollution effects; Aromatic hydrocarbons; Oil pollution; Pollution indicators; Oil spills; Mortality causes; Mortality; Anemia; Edema; Development; Streams; Yolk; Embryogenesis; Shock; Sound; Embryos; Hatching; Oil; anemia; Crude oil; polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons; salmon; vulnerability; Oncorhynchus gorbuscha; INE, USA, Alaska, Alaska Gulf, Prince William Sound; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2009.12.006 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and petroleum biomarkers in Sao Sebastiao Channel, Brazil: Assessment of petroleum contamination AN - 760207253; 13202640 AB - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and non-aromatic hydrocarbons (NAHs), including n-alkanes, isoprenoids and petroleum biomarkers (terpanes, hopanes, steranes and diasteranes), were quantified by gas chromatography with flame ionization and mass spectrometer detectors in sediment samples collected from the Sao Sebastiao Channel (SSC), Brazil, where the largest Brazilian maritime petroleum terminal is located. The concentrations of total PAHs, total n-alkanes and petroleum biomarkers ranged from below the detection limits to 370ngg super(-1), 28 mu gg super(-1), 2200ngg super(-1) (dry weight), respectively. The analysis of PAH distribution suggested combustion sources of PAHs as the main input for these compounds with smaller amount from petroleum contamination. The distribution of petroleum biomarkers undoubtedly demonstrated petroleum as a source of anthropogenic contamination throughout the region. The assessment of petrogenic sources of contamination in marine sediment is more challenging if only PAH analysis were carried out, which demonstrates that more stable hydrocarbons such as petroleum biomarkers are useful for investigating potential presence of petroleum. JF - Marine Environmental Research AU - da Silva, Denis AM AU - Bicego, Marcia C AD - Laboratorio de Quimica Organica Marinha, Instituto Oceanografico, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Praca do Oceanografico, 191, 05508-900 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil, denis.dasilva@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - June 2010 SP - 277 EP - 286 PB - Elsevier Science, The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK VL - 69 IS - 5 SN - 0141-1136, 0141-1136 KW - ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Geochemistry KW - Sediments KW - Petroleum hydrocarbons KW - PAH KW - Petroleum biomarkers KW - Brazil KW - SA4o Paulo KW - Contamination KW - Biomarkers KW - petroleum hydrocarbons KW - Gas chromatography KW - Petroleum KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Pollution indicators KW - Bioindicators KW - ASW, Brazil, Sao Paulo, Sao Sebastiao Channel KW - Oil and gas industry KW - Combustion KW - Channels KW - Detection Limits KW - Ionization KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Terpenes KW - Chromatographic techniques KW - Assessments KW - Marine KW - Sediment pollution KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Hydrocarbons KW - N-Alkanes KW - biomarkers KW - Analytical Methods KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - hopanes KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - Q4 27750:Environmental KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/760207253?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=Polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons+and+petroleum+biomarkers+in+Sao+Sebastiao+Channel%2C+Brazil%3A+Assessment+of+petroleum+contamination&rft.au=da+Silva%2C+Denis+AM%3BBicego%2C+Marcia+C&rft.aulast=da+Silva&rft.aufirst=Denis&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Environmental+Research&rft.issn=01411136&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.marenvres.2009.11.007 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Channels; Sediment pollution; Contamination; Oil and gas industry; Chromatographic techniques; Hydrocarbons; Petroleum; Aromatic hydrocarbons; Biomarkers; Pollution indicators; Terpenes; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Gas chromatography; N-Alkanes; Ionization; biomarkers; hopanes; Sediments; Combustion; Bioindicators; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; petroleum hydrocarbons; aromatic hydrocarbons; Assessments; Detection Limits; Analytical Methods; Sediment Contamination; ASW, Brazil, Sao Paulo, Sao Sebastiao Channel; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2009.11.007 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors influencing physical structure and lower trophic levels of the eastern Bering Sea shelf in 2005: Sea ice, tides and winds AN - 759311230; 13203438 AB - In spring and fall 2005, cross- and along-shelf transects were sampled to evaluate the influence of physical forcing, including sea ice, tides, and winds, on the lower trophic levels of the Bering Sea ecosystem. The hydrography, nutrients, chlorophyll, and zooplankton abundance and species composition were all affected by the presence or absence of sea ice on a north-south transect along the 70-m isobath. In May, shelf waters between ~59 degree N and 62 degree N were cold and relatively fresh, and benthic invertebrate larvae and chaetognaths were a significant fraction of the zooplankton community, while to the south the water was warmer, saltier, and the zooplankton community was dominated by copepods. The position of the transition between ice-affected and ice-free portions of the shelf was consistent among temperature, salinity, nutrients, and oxygen. This transition in the hydrographic variables persisted through the summer, but it shifted ~150km northward as the season progressed. While a transition also occurred in zooplankton species composition, it was farther north than the physical/chemical transition and did not persist through the summer. Mooring data demonstrated that the change in the position of the transition in physical and chemical properties was due to northward or eastward advection of water onto and across the shelf. From south to north along the 70-m isobath, tidal energy decreased, resulting in a less sharply stratified water column on the northern portion of the middle shelf, as opposed to a well-defined, two-layered system in the southern portion. This more gradual stratification in the north permitted a greater response to mixing from winds, which were homogeneous from north to south. Thus the physical and biological structure at any one location over the middle shelf is dynamic over the course of a year, and results from a combination of in situ processes and climate-mediated regional forcing which is dominated in most years by sea ice. JF - Progress in Oceanography AU - Stabeno, Phyllis AU - Napp, Jeffrey AU - Mordy, Calvin AU - Whitledge, Terry AD - NOAA, Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, 7600 Sand Point Way, NE, Seattle, WA 98115-0070, USA Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - Jun 2010 SP - 180 EP - 196 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK VL - 85 IS - 3-4 SN - 0079-6611, 0079-6611 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Bering Sea KW - Ocean temperature KW - Zooplankton KW - Nutrients KW - Advection KW - Stratification KW - Species Composition KW - Hydrography KW - Continental shelves KW - Copepoda KW - Sea Ice KW - Seasonal variability KW - Wind KW - Progress in oceanography KW - Marine KW - Copepods KW - Temperature KW - Environmental impact KW - Ocean circulation KW - Tides KW - Trophic levels KW - IN, Bering Sea KW - Trophic Level KW - Sea ice KW - Community composition KW - Tidal energy KW - Zoobenthos KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - M2 551.326:Floating Ice (551.326) KW - Q2 09146:TSD distribution, water masses and circulation KW - SW 0820:Snow, ice and frost KW - O 2020:Hydrodynamics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/759311230?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+Oceanography&rft.atitle=Factors+influencing+physical+structure+and+lower+trophic+levels+of+the+eastern+Bering+Sea+shelf+in+2005%3A+Sea+ice%2C+tides+and+winds&rft.au=Stabeno%2C+Phyllis%3BNapp%2C+Jeffrey%3BMordy%2C+Calvin%3BWhitledge%2C+Terry&rft.aulast=Stabeno&rft.aufirst=Phyllis&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=180&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progress+in+Oceanography&rft.issn=00796611&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.pocean.2010.02.010 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Community composition; Sea ice; Tidal energy; Continental shelves; Zooplankton; Environmental impact; Ocean circulation; Zoobenthos; Trophic levels; Copepods; Hydrography; Seasonal variability; Progress in oceanography; Advection; Trophic Level; Sea Ice; Temperature; Nutrients; Tides; Species Composition; Wind; Copepoda; IN, Bering Sea; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2010.02.010 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Disease susceptibility of salmon exposed to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) AN - 759308814; 13199355 AB - The health effects of the flame retardant polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in fish are not well understood. To determine the potential effects of this ubiquitous contaminant class on fish health, juvenile subyearling Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) were fed a diet that reflected the PBDE congeners found in the stomach contents of subyearling Chinook salmon collected from the highly urbanized and industrialized lower Willamette River in the Columbia River Basin of North America. The diet, consisting of five PBDE congeners (BDE-47, BDE-99, BDE-100, BDE-153 and BDE-154), was fed to the salmon at 2% of their body weight in food per day for 40 days. Two concentrations of the diet (1 and 10 PBDE) were fed to the salmon. The 1 PBDE diet reflected the concentration of PBDEs (190ng PBDEs/g food) found in the stomach contents of juvenile subyearling Chinook salmon; the 10 diet was prepared at 10 times that concentration. The fish were then exposed to the marine bacterial pathogen Listonella anguillarum to assess susceptibility to infectious disease. Juvenile Chinook salmon fed the 1 PBDE diet were more susceptible to L. anguillarum than salmon fed the control diet. This suggests that juvenile salmonids in the lower Willamette River exposed to PBDEs may be at greater risk for disease than nonexposed juvenile salmonids. In contrast, salmon that consumed the 10 PBDE diet were not more susceptible to the pathogen than salmon fed the control diet. The mechanisms for the dichotomous results observed in disease susceptibility between salmon fed the 1 and 10 PBDE diets are currently not known but have also been observed in other species exposed to PBDEs with respect to immune function. JF - Aquatic Toxicology AU - Arkoosh, Mary R AU - Boylen, Deborah AU - Dietrich, Joseph AU - Anulacion, Bernadita F AU - Ylitalo, Gina AU - Bravo, Claudia F AU - Johnson, Lyndal L AU - Loge, Frank J AU - Collier, Tracy K AD - Environmental Conservation Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2032 South East OSU Drive, Newport, OR 97365, USA Y1 - 2010/06/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 01 SP - 51 EP - 59 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 211 Amsterdam 1000 AE Netherlands VL - 98 IS - 1 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Environment Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - PBDEs KW - Salmon KW - Disease susceptibility KW - Willamette River KW - Immune system KW - Columbia River Basin KW - Listonella anguillarum KW - Anadromous species KW - Disease resistance KW - Freshwater KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - Body weight KW - Infectious diseases KW - Congeners KW - Diseases KW - Ethers KW - Toxicology KW - Rivers KW - Diets KW - North America KW - River basins KW - Brominated hydrocarbons KW - Stomach content KW - polybrominated diphenyl ethers KW - salmon KW - Feeding experiments KW - Fish KW - Immune response KW - Contaminants KW - Food KW - Fire retardant chemicals KW - body weight KW - Pathogens KW - USA, Oregon, Willamette R. KW - USA, Columbia R. basin KW - Foods KW - Fire retardants KW - Stomach KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/759308814?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Disease+susceptibility+of+salmon+exposed+to+polybrominated+diphenyl+ethers+%28PBDEs%29&rft.au=Arkoosh%2C+Mary+R%3BBoylen%2C+Deborah%3BDietrich%2C+Joseph%3BAnulacion%2C+Bernadita+F%3BYlitalo%2C+Gina%3BBravo%2C+Claudia+F%3BJohnson%2C+Lyndal+L%3BLoge%2C+Frank+J%3BCollier%2C+Tracy+K&rft.aulast=Arkoosh&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.aquatox.2010.01.013 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Stomach content; Infectious diseases; Anadromous species; Feeding experiments; River basins; Disease resistance; Pathogens; Brominated hydrocarbons; Toxicology; Diets; Rivers; Food; Fire retardant chemicals; polybrominated diphenyl ethers; Body weight; Congeners; Immune response; Contaminants; Stomach; salmon; Fish; Fire retardants; body weight; Salmon; Foods; Ethers; Diseases; Listonella anguillarum; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; USA, Oregon, Willamette R.; USA, Columbia R. basin; North America; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2010.01.013 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Increase in anthropogenic CO sub(2) in the Atlantic Ocean in the last two decades AN - 759307605; 13072053 AB - Data from the first systematic survey of inorganic carbon parameters on a global scale, the GEOSECS program, are compared with those collected during WOCE/JGOFS to study the changes in carbon and other geochemical properties, and anthropogenic CO sub(2) increase in the Atlantic Ocean from the 1970s to the early 1990s. This first data-based estimate of CO sub(2) increase over this period was accomplished by adjusting the GEOSECS data set to be consistent with recent high-quality carbon data. Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) and extended Multiple Linear Regression (eMLR) analyses to these carbon data are applied by regressing DIC with potential temperature, salinity, AOU, silica, and PO sub(4) in three latitudinal regions for the western and eastern basins in the Atlantic Ocean. The results from MLR (and eMLR provided in parentheses) indicate that the mean anthropogenic CO sub(2) uptake rate in the western basin is 0.70 (0.53)mol m super(-2) yr super(-1) for the region north of 15 degree N; 0.53 (0.36)mol m super(-2) yr super(-1) for the equatorial region between 15 degree N and 15 degree S; and 0.83 (0.35)mol m super(-2) yr super(-1) in the South Atlantic south of 15 degree S. For the eastern basin an estimate of 0.57 (0.45)mol m super(-2) yr super(-1) is obtained for the equatorial region, and 0.28 (0.34)mol m super(-2) yr super(-1) for the South Atlantic south of 15 degree S. The results of using eMLR are systematically lower than those from MLR method in the western basin. The anthropogenic CO sub(2) increase is also estimated in the upper thermocline from salinity normalized DIC after correction for AOU along the isopycnal surfaces. For these depths the results are consistent with the CO sub(2) uptake rates derived from both MLR and eMLR methods. JF - Deep Sea Research (Part I, Oceanographic Research Papers) AU - Peng, Tsung-Hung AU - Wanninkhof, Rik AD - Ocean Chemistry Division, NOAA/AOML, Miami, FL 33149, USA, Tsung-Hung.Peng@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - June 2010 SP - 755 EP - 770 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK VL - 57 IS - 6 SN - 0967-0637, 0967-0637 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Water Pollution KW - Marine Environment KW - Salinity variations KW - Dissolved inorganic carbon KW - Statistical analysis KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Basins KW - Salinity KW - Carbon KW - Salinity effects KW - Absorption KW - Deep sea KW - Inorganic carbon KW - Oceanographic research KW - Marine KW - Data processing KW - Biogeochemical cycle KW - Carbon cycle KW - Ocean circulation KW - AS, South Atlantic KW - Silica KW - Phosphates KW - Disseminated intravascular coagulation KW - Potential temperature KW - Oceans KW - Isopycnals KW - World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) KW - Thermocline KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - Q2 09144:Regional studies, expeditions and data reports KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - M2 551.462:Submarine Topography/Bottom Forms/Sea-Floor Features (551.462) KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/759307605?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deep+Sea+Research+%28Part+I%2C+Oceanographic+Research+Papers%29&rft.atitle=Increase+in+anthropogenic+CO+sub%282%29+in+the+Atlantic+Ocean+in+the+last+two+decades&rft.au=Peng%2C+Tsung-Hung%3BWanninkhof%2C+Rik&rft.aulast=Peng&rft.aufirst=Tsung-Hung&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=755&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Deep+Sea+Research+%28Part+I%2C+Oceanographic+Research+Papers%29&rft.issn=09670637&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.dsr.2010.03.008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2016-03-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phosphates; Biogeochemical cycle; Potential temperature; Dissolved inorganic carbon; Carbon cycle; Anthropogenic factors; Ocean circulation; Inorganic carbon; Carbon dioxide; Silica; Data processing; Carbon; Disseminated intravascular coagulation; Salinity effects; Oceans; Basins; Deep sea; Salinity variations; Statistical analysis; World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE); Isopycnals; Thermocline; Oceanographic research; Water Pollution; Marine Environment; Salinity; Absorption; Carbon Dioxide; AS, South Atlantic; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2010.03.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bayesian ensemble forecast of river stages and ensemble size requirements AN - 759304373; 2010-088398 AB - The problem is to provide a short-term, probabilistic forecast of a river stage time series {H (sub 1) ,...,H (sub N) } based on a probabilistic quantitative precipitation forecast. The Bayesian forecasting system (BFS) for this problem is implemented as a Monte-Carlo algorithm that generates an ensemble of realizations of the river stage time series. This article (i) shows how the analytic-numerical BFS can be used as a generator of the Bayesian ensemble forecast (BEF), (ii) demonstrates the properties of the BEF, and (iii) investigates the sample size requirements for ensemble forecasts (produced by the BFS or by any other system). The investigation of the ensemble size requirements exploits the unique advantage of the BFS, which outputs the exact, analytic, predictive distribution function of the stochastic process {H (sub 1) ,...,H (sub N) }, as well as can generate an ensemble of realizations of this process from which a sample estimate of the predictive distribution function can be constructed. By comparing the analytic distribution with its sample estimates from ensembles of different sizes, the smallest ensemble size M* required to ensure a specified expected accuracy can be inferred. Numerical experiments in four river basins demonstrate that M* depends upon the kind of probabilistic forecast that is constructed from the ensemble. Three kinds of forecasts are constructed: (i) a probabilistic river stage forecast (PRSF), which for each time n(n=1,...,N) specifies a predictive distribution function of H (sub n) ; (ii) a probabilistic stage transition forecast (PSTF), which for each time n specifies a family (for all h (sub n-1) ) of predictive one-step transition distribution functions from H (sub n-1) =h (sub n-1) to H (sub n) ; and (iii) a probabilistic flood forecast (PFF), which for each time n specifies a predictive distribution function of max{H (sub 1) ,...,H (sub n) }. Overall, the experimental results demonstrate that the smallest ensemble size M* required for accurate estimation (or numerical representation) of these predictive distribution functions is (i) insensitive to experimental factors and on the order of several hundreds for the PRSF and the PFF and (ii) sensitive to experimental factors and on the order of several thousands for the PSTF. The general conclusions for system developers are that the ensemble size is an important design variable, and that the optimal ensemble size M* depends upon the purpose of the forecast: for dynamic control problems (which require a PSTF), M* is likely to be larger by a factor of 3-20 than it is for static decision problems (which require a PRSF or a PFF). JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Herr, Henry D AU - Krzysztofowicz, Roman Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - June 2010 SP - 151 EP - 164 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 387 IS - 3-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - hydrology KW - experimental studies KW - time series analysis KW - Bayesian analysis KW - rainfall KW - numerical analysis KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - prediction KW - rivers KW - stochastic processes KW - mathematical methods KW - fluvial features KW - probability KW - algorithms KW - uncertainty KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/759304373?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Bayesian+ensemble+forecast+of+river+stages+and+ensemble+size+requirements&rft.au=Herr%2C+Henry+D%3BKrzysztofowicz%2C+Roman&rft.aulast=Herr&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=387&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jhydrol.2010.02.024 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; Bayesian analysis; experimental studies; fluvial features; hydrology; mathematical methods; Monte Carlo analysis; numerical analysis; prediction; probability; rainfall; rivers; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; time series analysis; uncertainty DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.02.024 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The last glacial termination AN - 759303076; 2010-087149 AB - A major puzzle of paleoclimatology is why, after a long interval of cooling climate, each late Quaternary ice age ended with a relatively short warming leg called a termination. We here offer a comprehensive hypothesis of how Earth emerged from the last global ice age. A prerequisite was the growth of very large Northern Hemisphere ice sheets, whose subsequent collapse created stadial conditions that disrupted global patterns of ocean and atmospheric circulation. The Southern Hemisphere westerlies shifted poleward during each northern stadial, producing pulses of ocean upwelling and warming that together accounted for much of the termination in the Southern Ocean and Antarctica. Rising atmospheric CO (sub 2) during southern upwelling pulses augmented warming during the last termination in both polar hemispheres. JF - Science AU - Denton, G H AU - Anderson, R F AU - Toggweiler, J R AU - Edwards, R L AU - Schaefer, J M AU - Putnam, A E Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - June 2010 SP - 1652 EP - 1656 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC VL - 328 IS - 5986 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - sea ice KW - Greenland ice sheet KW - paleoclimatology KW - deglaciation KW - climate change KW - carbon dioxide KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Cenozoic KW - upper Weichselian KW - Greenland KW - Weichselian KW - circulation KW - ice KW - Younger Dryas KW - climate forcing KW - ice cores KW - Quaternary KW - Arctic region KW - paleoatmosphere KW - ice sheets KW - Southern Hemisphere KW - Antarctic ice sheet KW - paleoenvironment KW - Antarctica KW - upper Quaternary KW - Milankovitch theory KW - Pleistocene KW - Northern Hemisphere KW - seasonal variations KW - glacial geology KW - sea-surface temperature KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/759303076?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=The+last+glacial+termination&rft.au=Denton%2C+G+H%3BAnderson%2C+R+F%3BToggweiler%2C+J+R%3BEdwards%2C+R+L%3BSchaefer%2C+J+M%3BPutnam%2C+A+E&rft.aulast=Denton&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=328&rft.issue=5986&rft.spage=1652&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.1184119 L2 - http://www.sciencemag.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 74 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Supplemental information/data is available in the online version of this article N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SCIEAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antarctic ice sheet; Antarctica; Arctic region; carbon dioxide; Cenozoic; circulation; climate change; climate forcing; deglaciation; glacial geology; Greenland; Greenland ice sheet; ice; ice cores; ice sheets; Milankovitch theory; Northern Hemisphere; paleoatmosphere; paleoclimatology; paleoenvironment; Pleistocene; Quaternary; sea ice; sea-surface temperature; seasonal variations; Southern Hemisphere; upper Pleistocene; upper Quaternary; upper Weichselian; Weichselian; Younger Dryas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1184119 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Massive volcanic SO (sub 2) oxidation and sulphate aerosol deposition in Cenozoic North America AN - 755156230; 2010-080752 JF - Nature (London) AU - Bao, Huiming AU - Yu, Shaocai AU - Tong, Daniel Q Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - June 2010 SP - 909 EP - 912 PB - Macmillan Journals, London VL - 465 IS - 7300 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - United States KW - oxygen KW - isotopes KW - Ogallala Formation KW - middle Cenozoic KW - stable isotopes KW - carbon dioxide KW - Cenozoic KW - volcaniclastics KW - sedimentary rocks KW - volcanism KW - Great Plains KW - volcanic ash KW - geochemistry KW - O-17/O-16 KW - sulfur dioxide KW - North America KW - Scotts Bluff National Monument KW - three-dimensional models KW - sulfates KW - isotope ratios KW - paleoatmosphere KW - oxidation KW - anomalies KW - O-18/O-16 KW - Wyoming KW - Tertiary KW - paleoenvironment KW - S-34/S-32 KW - deposition KW - Neogene KW - eruptions KW - sulfur KW - aerosols KW - Nebraska KW - South Dakota KW - 12:Stratigraphy KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/755156230?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Massive+volcanic+SO+%28sub+2%29+oxidation+and+sulphate+aerosol+deposition+in+Cenozoic+North+America&rft.au=Bao%2C+Huiming%3BYu%2C+Shaocai%3BTong%2C+Daniel+Q&rft.aulast=Bao&rft.aufirst=Huiming&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=465&rft.issue=7300&rft.spage=909&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+%28London%29&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature09100 L2 - http://www.nature.com/nature/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Supplemental information/data is available in the online version of this article N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerosols; anomalies; carbon dioxide; Cenozoic; deposition; eruptions; geochemistry; Great Plains; isotope ratios; isotopes; middle Cenozoic; Nebraska; Neogene; North America; O-17/O-16; O-18/O-16; Ogallala Formation; oxidation; oxygen; paleoatmosphere; paleoenvironment; S-34/S-32; Scotts Bluff National Monument; sedimentary rocks; South Dakota; stable isotopes; sulfates; sulfur; sulfur dioxide; Tertiary; three-dimensional models; United States; volcanic ash; volcaniclastics; volcanism; Wyoming DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature09100 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Component Aerosol Direct Radiative Effect over the Western Pacific Region AN - 754887666; 13446102 AB - Satellite observations have been used for the estimation of regional and global aerosol direct radiative effect (ADRE) and observed aerosol size information has also been utilized to discriminate ensemble anthropogenic component from natural component in order to determine anthropogenic aerosol direct radiative effect. However, it is still difficult to use satellite observations alone to further discriminate aerosols into more detailed components (such as sea salt, dust, sulfate, black and organic carbons) over the regional and global scales as well as to determine their ADRE. Since ADRE from different components can be very different (even the sign of the forcing may change), determination of their characteristics over regional and global scales becomes an actively studied subject. Here, a two-step approach is proposed to derive component ADRE at the top of atmosphere (TOA) over the region of western Pacific for clear-sky condition by combining Terra CERES/MODIS-SSF shortwave (SW) flux and aerosol optical thickness (AOT) observations with the fractions of component AOT from the GSFC/GOCART model. We will provide the estimates of component ADRE for organic and black carbons, dust, sulfate, and sea salt along with the uncertainties in the estimates. Validation at the AERONET sites and comparison with field campaigns will also be provided. JF - Proceedings from the 2010 AGU Western Pacific Geophysics Meeting AU - Zhao, X Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - June 2010 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [URL:http://www.agu.org] KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) KW - Atmospheric particulates KW - Aerosols KW - Organic aerosols in atmosphere KW - Organic carbon KW - Anthropogenic factors KW - Optical thickness of aerosols KW - Organic carbon in seawater KW - Satellite data KW - Asteroids KW - Global aerosols KW - Geophysics KW - Eolian dust KW - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42) KW - Q2 09261:General KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754887666?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Zhao%2C+X&rft.aulast=Zhao&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Component+Aerosol+Direct+Radiative+Effect+over+the+Western+Pacific+Region&rft.title=Component+Aerosol+Direct+Radiative+Effect+over+the+Western+Pacific+Region&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Abstacts Available N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Monitoring and predicting ENSO and IOD using NCEP GODAS and CFS during 2006-2010 AN - 754886901; 13447727 AB - Ocean state estimation has significantly improved during the past decade due to many advances in data assimilation schemes, improvements in ocean modeling techniques and dramatic increases in observations. The Global Ocean Data Assimilation System (GODAS), that was developed for initializing the oceanic component of the NCEPs Climate Forecast System (CFS), provides a quasi-global (65-65) ocean state estimation from 1979 to present. The GODAS real time datasets have been extensively used at Climate Prediction Center (CPC) of NCEP to monitor global oceanic variability and its interaction with the atmosphere (see CPCs Monthly Ocean Briefing archive at http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/GODAS). Ocean state estimation is widely used in monitoring the thermal structure of ENSO in the tropical Pacific. Beyond monitoring the thermal structure of ENSO, advanced oceanic monitoring tools such as mixed layer heat budget analysis, and oceanic Kelvin wave indices have also been developed based on GODAS. The GODAS-based ENSO monitoring tools are used to describe characteristics of the recent ENSO cycles in 2006-2010, and impacts of oceanic initial conditions on the CFS ENSO forecasts are analyzed. The so-called Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) has significant impacts on climate variations in the regions around the tropical Indian Ocean, and it is intimately connected with the Pacific ENSO. The three consecutive positive IOD events in 2006, 2007 and 2008, their relationships with the warming trend and potential interactions with the recent ENSO cycles need to be understood. GODAS has been used to monitor the thermal structure of the IOD, and impacts of oceanic initial conditions on the CFS IOD forecasts are also analyzed. JF - Proceedings from the 2010 AGU Western Pacific Geophysics Meeting AU - Xue, Y AU - Huang, B AU - Wang, W AU - Kumar, A Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - June 2010 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [URL:http://www.agu.org] KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Climatic changes KW - IS, Tropical Pacific KW - Data assimilation KW - Atmosphere KW - Heat budget KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Climatology KW - Waves KW - Geophysics KW - Initial conditions KW - El Nino phenomena KW - Marine KW - ISW, Indian Ocean KW - Climate models KW - Data processing KW - Mixed layer KW - Climate KW - Southern Oscillation KW - Heat KW - ISW, Tropical Indian Ocean KW - Oceans KW - El Nino-Southern Oscillation event KW - Thermal structure KW - Kelvin waves KW - Oceanographic data KW - Future climates KW - M2 551.46:General (551.46) KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754886901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Ecology+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Xue%2C+Y%3BHuang%2C+B%3BWang%2C+W%3BKumar%2C+A&rft.aulast=Xue&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Monitoring+and+predicting+ENSO+and+IOD+using+NCEP+GODAS+and+CFS+during+2006-2010&rft.title=Monitoring+and+predicting+ENSO+and+IOD+using+NCEP+GODAS+and+CFS+during+2006-2010&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Abstacts Available N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-21 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Multi-model NLDAS Drought Monitoring and Prediction over the Continental United States AN - 754884789; 13447210 AB - The NCEP Environmental Modeling Center (EMC) collaborated with its CPPA (Climate Prediction Program of the Americas) partners to develop a North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS, http://www.emc.ncep.noaa.gov/mmb/nldas). The multi-institution and multi-model NLDAS system includes both analysis/monitoring and seasonal prediction products. The 30-year (1979 to 2008) monitoring products include water and energy fluxes and state variables for four land surface models (NCEP/Noah, NASA/Mosaic, OHD/SAC, and Princeton/VIC) on a common 1/8th degree grid using commonly hourly land surface forcing. Newly updated Noah, SAC and VIC models are used to rerun the last 30 years and their results are validated using the US Geological Survey observed streamflow over the continental United States (CONUS). All datasets including four models output and forcing data have been staged on NCEP public server ldas3.ncep.noaa.gov, which is shown at the NLDAS website (http://www.emc.ncep.noaa.gov/mmb/nldas). One key application of the realtime updates is drought monitoring over CONUS, shown at the "NLDAS Drought" tab of the NLDAS web to support US drought monitor of National Integrated Drought Information System (NIDIS). The uncoupled ensemble seasonal prediction mode utilizes the following three independent approaches for generating downscaled ensemble seasonal forecasts of surface forcing: (1) Ensemble Streamflow Prediction, (2) CPC Official Seasonal Climate Outlook, and (3) NCEP CFS (Climate Forecast System) ensemble dynamical model prediction. For each of these three approaches, twenty ensemble members of forcing realizations generated using a Bayesian merging algorithm developed by Princeton University are employed to run the VIC model for one to six month ensemble seasonal prediction products. Their anomalies and percentiles, such as air temperature, precipitation, soil moisture, snowpack, total runoff, evaporation and streamflow have been used for NCEP NLDAS drought prediction, shown at the NLDAS Forecast tab of the NLDAS website to support the NCEP/CPC seasonal drought outlook and eventually support the US NIDIS. JF - Proceedings from the 2010 AGU Western Pacific Geophysics Meeting AU - Xia, Y AU - Ek, M AU - Wood, E F AU - Sheffield, J AU - Luo, L AU - Lettenmaier, D AU - Livneh, B AU - Mocko, D AU - Cosgrove, B AU - Meng, C J AU - Wei, H AU - Dong, J AU - Koren, V AU - Schaake, J AU - Mo, K Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - Jun 2010 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [URL:http://www.agu.org] KW - Ecology Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Climate models KW - Mathematical models KW - Data processing KW - Evaporation KW - Climate KW - Algorithms KW - Seasonal forecasts KW - Drought KW - Precipitation KW - Snow cover KW - Environmental modeling KW - Data assimilation KW - World Wide Web KW - Air temperature KW - IW, Pacific KW - USA KW - Drought monitoring KW - Conus KW - Droughts KW - Information systems KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - M2 556.16:Runoff (556.16) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754884789?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Ecology+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Xia%2C+Y%3BEk%2C+M%3BWood%2C+E+F%3BSheffield%2C+J%3BLuo%2C+L%3BLettenmaier%2C+D%3BLivneh%2C+B%3BMocko%2C+D%3BCosgrove%2C+B%3BMeng%2C+C+J%3BWei%2C+H%3BDong%2C+J%3BKoren%2C+V%3BSchaake%2C+J%3BMo%2C+K&rft.aulast=Xia&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Multi-model+NLDAS+Drought+Monitoring+and+Prediction+over+the+Continental+United+States&rft.title=Multi-model+NLDAS+Drought+Monitoring+and+Prediction+over+the+Continental+United+States&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Abstacts Available N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Role of Real-time Forecast of Monsoon Indices in the Global Monsoon Monitoring and Prediction at the NOAA Climate Prediction Center AN - 754884665; 13446540 AB - Real-time prediction of the variability of Asian-Australian monsoon on intraseasonal to seasonal time scales is a great challenge for the operational climate forecast centers worldwide. The NOAA Climate Prediction Center is developing tools for forecasting the Asian-Australian monsoon to aid its operational missions for global monsoon monitoring and prediction and for assessment of the associated global hazard and benefit impacts. We present the recent results of product development based on data from the NCEP Global Ensemble Forecast System (GEFS) and Climate Forecast System (CFS). We apply several popularly-used monsoon indices for real-time forecast and update the information daily for GEFS and monthly for the CFS. The variations of these indices, combined with the monthly maps of regressed winds and precipitation, well represent the seasonal and sub-seasonal evolution characteristics of the monsoon. The NCEP forecast systems have demonstrated reasonable skills in predicting the variability of the various monsoon components over South Asia, Southeast Asian, and Australia. JF - Proceedings from the 2010 AGU Western Pacific Geophysics Meeting AU - Zhang, Q AU - Yang, S Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - Jun 2010 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 USA, [URL:http://www.agu.org] KW - Ecology Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Climate models KW - Data processing KW - Ensemble forecasting KW - Climate KW - Precipitation KW - Maps KW - IW, Pacific KW - INW, Asia KW - Australia KW - Climatology KW - Geophysics KW - Evolution KW - Wind KW - Future climates KW - Monsoons KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - M2 551.509.1/.5:Forecasting (551.509.1/.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754884665?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Ecology+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Q%3BYang%2C+S&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Q&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Role+of+Real-time+Forecast+of+Monsoon+Indices+in+the+Global+Monsoon+Monitoring+and+Prediction+at+the+NOAA+Climate+Prediction+Center&rft.title=Role+of+Real-time+Forecast+of+Monsoon+Indices+in+the+Global+Monsoon+Monitoring+and+Prediction+at+the+NOAA+Climate+Prediction+Center&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Abstacts Available N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bowhead Whale Distribution and Feeding near Barrow, Alaska, in Late Summer 2005-06 AN - 754872778; 13232696 AB - Aerial surveys for bowhead whales were conducted in conjunction with oceanographic sampling near Barrow, Alaska, in late summer of 2005 and 2006. In 2005, 145 whales were seen, mostly in two distinct aggregations: one (ca. 40 whales) in deep water in Barrow Canyon and the other (ca. 70 whales) in very shallow (< 10 m) water just seaward of the barrier islands. Feeding behaviours observed in the latter group included whales lying on their sides with mouths agape and groups of 5-10 whales swimming synchronously in turbid water. In 2006, 78 bowheads were seen, with ca. 40 whales feeding in dispersed groups of 3-11 whales. Feeding behaviours observed included surface skimming, echelon swimming, and synchronous diving and surfacing. Surfacing behaviour included head lunges by single animals and groups of 2-4 whales. Of 29 whales harvested at Barrow, 24 had been feeding. Euphausiids were the dominant prey in 2006 (10 of 13 stomachs), but not in 2005 (4 of 11 stomachs). Copepods were the dominant prey in the stomachs of three whales harvested near Barrow Canyon in 2005. Mysiids were the dominant prey in four stomachs, isopods in two, and amphipods in one although these taxa were not routinely captured during plankton sampling conducted in the weeks prior to the autumn harvest.Original Abstract: Des leves aeriens visant les baleines boreales ont ete realises conjointement avec de l'echantillonnage oceano-graphique pres de Barrow, en Alaska, vers la fin des etes 2005 et 2006. En 2005, 145 baleines ont ete apercues et celles-ci relevaient principalement de deux groupes distincts: un groupement (d'une quarantaine de baleines) se trouvait dans les eaux profondes du canyon de Barrow et l'autre groupement (d'environ 70 baleines) dans des eaux tres peu profondes (< 10 m) du cote de la mer des iles-barrieres. Le comportement alimentaire observe au sein de ce dernier groupe etait tel que certaines baleines s'etendaient sur le cote la gueule grande ouverte pendant que des groupes de 5 a 10 baleines nageaient de maniere synchronisee dans l'eau trouble. En 2006, 78 baleines boreales ont ete apercues, dont une quarantaine de baleines s'alimentaient dans des groupes disperses de 3 a 11 baleines. Parmi les comportements alimentaires observes, notons l'ecremage, la natation en echelons de meme que la plongee et le surfacage synchronises. Quant au comportement de surfacage, il prenait la forme de longes de tete par des baleines individuelles et des groupes de 2 a 4 baleines. Parmi les 29 baleines recoltees a Barrow, 24 avaient mange. En 2006, la proie dominante etait l'euphausia (dans 10 des 13 estomacs), ce qui n'etait pas le cas en 2005 (dans 4 des 11 estomacs). En 2005, les copepodes constituaient la proie dominante des estomacs de trois baleines recoltees pres du canyon de Barrow. Les mysis representaient la proie dominante de quatre estomacs, tandis que les isopodes dominaient dans deux estomacs et les amphipodes dans un estomac, bien que ces taxons n'aient pas ete invariablement preleves dans le cadre de l'echantillonnage du plancton realise au cours des semaines precedant la recolte d'automne. JF - Arctic AU - Moore, SE AU - George, J C AU - Sheffield, G AU - Bacon, J AU - Ashjian, C J AD - NOAA/Fisheries, Office of Science & Technology, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Building 3, Seattle, Washington 98115, USA, Sue.Moore@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - Jun 2010 SP - 195 EP - 205 VL - 63 IS - 2 SN - 0004-0843, 0004-0843 KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Food organisms KW - Aerial surveys KW - Deep water KW - Isopoda KW - PNW, Beaufort Sea, Barrow Canyon KW - Feeding behaviour KW - Copepoda KW - Sampling KW - Feeding behavior KW - Prey KW - Marine KW - PNW, USA, Alaska, Barrow KW - Swimming KW - Head KW - Zooplankton KW - Balaena mysticetus KW - PN, Arctic KW - Stomach content KW - Marine mammals KW - Barrier islands KW - Stomach KW - Plankton KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08425:Nutrition and feeding habits KW - Y 25030:Foraging and Ingestion UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754872778?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arctic&rft.atitle=Bowhead+Whale+Distribution+and+Feeding+near+Barrow%2C+Alaska%2C+in+Late+Summer+2005-06&rft.au=Moore%2C+SE%3BGeorge%2C+J+C%3BSheffield%2C+G%3BBacon%2C+J%3BAshjian%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=SE&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Arctic&rft.issn=00040843&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Food organisms; Stomach content; Feeding behaviour; Marine mammals; Zooplankton; Barrier islands; Aerial surveys; Deep water; Swimming; Head; Sampling; Feeding behavior; Plankton; Prey; Stomach; Isopoda; Copepoda; Balaena mysticetus; PN, Arctic; PNW, USA, Alaska, Barrow; PNW, Beaufort Sea, Barrow Canyon; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparing the effects of offset and non-offset circle hooks on catch rates of fish and sea turtles in a shallow longline fishery AN - 754549934; 13307496 AB - 1. This study compared the catch rates of targeted dolphinfish or mahimahi (Coryphaena hippurus), and sea turtles and other fish bycatch in a shallow-set Costa Rican longline fishery using 14/0 circle hooks with and without a 10 offset. The effect of hook offset on hooking location and injury in captured sea turtles, specifically if the hooking was external, in the mouth, or in the esophagus was also evaluated. 2. Results were compared from six trips totalling 33 876 hooks with squid (Dosidicus gigas) used as bait. In total, mahimahi catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE, expressed as number caught per 1000 hooks) was similar between hook types (CPUE52). 3. Olive ridley sea turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) were caught on all 42 sets. In total, 640 olive ridley turtles were caught and released alive. There were no significant differences in the number of sea turtles caught between hooks with and without an offset (CPUE19) nor between hook type and anatomical hooking location, suggesting similar levels of injury for turtles caught on each hook type. 4. These data suggest that a 10 offset on 14/0 circle hooks does not confer any selective advantages over hooks with no offset with respect to capture rates of mahimahi, sea turtles, sharks, or pelagic stingrays in a shallow set pelagic longline fishery. JF - Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems AU - Swimmer, Yonat AU - Arauz, Randall AU - Wang, John AU - Suter, Jenny AU - Musyl, Michael AU - Bolanos, Allan AU - Lopez, Andres AD - NOAA Fisheries, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, 2570 Dole St, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA, Yonat.Swimmer@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - Jun 2010 SP - 445 EP - 451 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 20 IS - 4 SN - 1052-7613, 1052-7613 KW - ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Oesophagus KW - Ecosystems KW - Injuries KW - Aquatic reptiles KW - Man-induced effects KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Catch/effort KW - Bait KW - Coryphaena hippurus KW - Dosidicus gigas KW - Fisheries KW - Baits KW - Mouth KW - Esophagus KW - Marine KW - catches KW - Data processing KW - Longlining KW - turtles KW - Turtles KW - Dasyatidae KW - Shark KW - Lepidochelys olivacea KW - Conservation KW - Fish KW - aquatic ecosystems KW - sharks KW - Mortality causes KW - Q1 08603:Fishery statistics and sampling KW - Q4 27800:Miscellaneous KW - SW 0810:General KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754549934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Conservation%3A+Marine+and+Freshwater+Ecosystems&rft.atitle=Comparing+the+effects+of+offset+and+non-offset+circle+hooks+on+catch+rates+of+fish+and+sea+turtles+in+a+shallow+longline+fishery&rft.au=Swimmer%2C+Yonat%3BArauz%2C+Randall%3BWang%2C+John%3BSuter%2C+Jenny%3BMusyl%2C+Michael%3BBolanos%2C+Allan%3BLopez%2C+Andres&rft.aulast=Swimmer&rft.aufirst=Yonat&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=445&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Conservation%3A+Marine+and+Freshwater+Ecosystems&rft.issn=10527613&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Faqc.1108 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123333744/abstract LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oesophagus; Injuries; Longlining; Aquatic reptiles; Man-induced effects; Freshwater fish; Catch/effort; Mortality causes; Bait; Esophagus; Data processing; Fisheries; Conservation; Mouth; catches; Fish; turtles; aquatic ecosystems; sharks; Shark; Ecosystems; Baits; Turtles; Lepidochelys olivacea; Coryphaena hippurus; Dosidicus gigas; Dasyatidae; Marine; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aqc.1108 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recruitment of striped bass in Chesapeake Bay: spatial and temporal environmental variability and availability of zooplankton prey AN - 754538133; 13250914 AB - Causes of recruitment variability in young-of-the-year (YOY) striped bass Morone saxatilis from Chesapeake Bay were investigated based on (1) surveys from 2001 to 2003 to document spatio-temporal variability in abundance of larval striped bass, zooplankton prey, and feeding success of larvae; (2) a synthetic analysis (1996, 1998, 1999, 2001 to 2003) to describe how environmental factors and prey affect recruitment success; and (3) a 10 yr analysis (1993 to 2002) of inter-annual differences in spatial and temporal patterns of copepods and cladocera eaten by striped bass larvae. Striped bass YOY recruitment levels varied >11-fold in the 6 years examined. In those years, mean daily freshwater flows from the Susquehanna River to the bay in March and April varied >2-fold and controlled distribution and apparent survival of striped bass larvae. Strong recruitments of YOY striped bass were associated with matches in space and time of larval striped bass and high concentrations of zooplankton prey, especially the copepod Eurytemora affinis and cladoceran Bosmina longirostris. The strongest year classes (1996, 2003) were produced in years of high freshwater flow, characterized by a high abundance of feeding-stage larvae and a spatio-temporal match between peak abundance of larvae and zooplankton prey. Enhanced feeding opportunities were most pronounced in high freshwater-flow years (1996, 1998, 2003), when larvae and zooplankton prey were strongly associated with, and apparently retained near, the estuarine turbidity maximum. First-feeding larvae fed more successfully in a high-flow year (2003; prey incidence 91%) than in a drier year (2001; prey incidence 35%). A regression model that may have forecasting potential was developed to describe recruitment of YOY striped bass for the years from 1985 to 2006. The model includes spring freshwater flow and air temperatures to predict age-0 striped bass recruitment strength (R super(2) = 0.65). Flow and temperature control environmental and hydrographic conditions that strongly influence spatio-temporal overlap of larval striped bass and zooplankton. The model provided accurate recruitment forecasts for 2007 and 2009, but was less successful in 2008, a year of exceptionally low recruitment. JF - Marine Ecology Progress Series AU - Martino, E J AU - Houde, ED AD - University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, 1 Williams Street, Solomons, Maryland 20688, USA, ed.martino@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - Jun 2010 SP - 213 EP - 228 PB - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany VL - 409 SN - 0171-8630, 0171-8630 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Food organisms KW - Ecological distribution KW - Abundance KW - Year class KW - Survival KW - Freshwater KW - Larval development KW - Fish larvae KW - Cladocera KW - Models KW - Eurytemora affinis KW - Copepoda KW - Bosmina longirostris KW - Prey KW - Temperature effects KW - Feeding KW - Plankton surveys KW - Freshwater environments KW - Recruitment KW - Zooplankton KW - Estuaries KW - Brackish KW - ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay KW - USA, Maryland, Susquehanna R. KW - Morone saxatilis KW - Turbidity KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08461:Plankton KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754538133?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.atitle=Recruitment+of+striped+bass+in+Chesapeake+Bay%3A+spatial+and+temporal+environmental+variability+and+availability+of+zooplankton+prey&rft.au=Martino%2C+E+J%3BHoude%2C+ED&rft.aulast=Martino&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=409&rft.issue=&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.issn=01718630&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fmeps08586 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Plankton surveys; Food organisms; Ecological distribution; Estuaries; Zooplankton; Recruitment; Year class; Larval development; Fish larvae; Feeding; Freshwater environments; Abundance; Survival; Turbidity; Prey; Models; Eurytemora affinis; Morone saxatilis; Copepoda; Bosmina longirostris; Cladocera; USA, Maryland, Susquehanna R.; ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay; Freshwater; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps08586 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stable isotope and scat analyses indicate diet and habitat partitioning in northern fur seals Callorhinus ursinus across the eastern Pacific AN - 754537004; 13250916 AB - We used stable isotope (SI) and scat analyses to describe and compare the foraging ecology of northern fur seals Callorhinus ursinus from different rookeries throughout their North American range, including rookeries on the following islands: Bogoslof Island (BI), Alaska; Reef and Vostochni on St. Paul Island (SPI), Alaska; and San Miguel Island (SMI), California. SI samples were collected from 36 adult females and 37 juveniles in Alaska, and 9 adult females and 7 pups on SMI during fall 2006. Isotopic analyses of blood and fur indicated differences in stable carbon (d super(13)C) and nitrogen (d super(15)N) isotope values within an individual, between age classes, and among locations. At all sites, adult females generally had higher d super(13)C compared to their younger conspecifics for all tissues, suggesting that they forage in different locations. Mean d super(15)N values of adult females were lower compared to those of pups at SMI, higher than those of juveniles on SPI, and similar to those of juveniles on BI, suggesting differences in trophic level between age classes at all locations except on BI. We found differences in d super(13)C values at all islands, suggesting that animals at each location forage in different oceanic domains. The d super(15)N values of all age classes indicated that animals at SMI and Vostochni feed at similar trophic levels within their respective communities, but feed at higher trophic levels than animals at Reef and BI. Scat analysis supported SI results in that animals from each location were found to feed on species associated with unique oceanic features. By using scat and SI analyses, we were able to acquire a better understanding of the foraging ecology of different-aged conspecifics from multiple locations. JF - Marine Ecology Progress Series AU - Zeppelin, Tonya K AU - Orr, Anthony J AD - National Marine Mammal Laboratory (NMML), Alaska Fisheries Science Center (AFSC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, Washington 98115, USA, tonya.zeppelin@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - Jun 2010 SP - 241 EP - 253 PB - Inter-Research, Nordbuente 23 Oldendorf/Luhe 21385 Germany VL - 409 SN - 0171-8630, 0171-8630 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Reefs KW - Pups KW - Isotopes KW - Age KW - Carbon isotopes KW - Year class KW - Ecology KW - seals KW - INE, USA, California, Channel Is., San Miguel I. KW - Islands KW - Carbon KW - Conspecifics KW - INE, USA, California KW - Callorhinus ursinus KW - Diets KW - Marine KW - Foraging behavior KW - INE, USA, Alaska KW - Habitat KW - Trophic levels KW - Foraging behaviour KW - Marine mammals KW - INE, USA, Aleutian Is., Fox Is., Bogoslof I. KW - forage KW - Nitrogen isotopes KW - conspecifics KW - Nitrogen KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754537004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.atitle=Stable+isotope+and+scat+analyses+indicate+diet+and+habitat+partitioning+in+northern+fur+seals+Callorhinus+ursinus+across+the+eastern+Pacific&rft.au=Zeppelin%2C+Tonya+K%3BOrr%2C+Anthony+J&rft.aulast=Zeppelin&rft.aufirst=Tonya&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=409&rft.issue=&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Ecology+Progress+Series&rft.issn=01718630&rft_id=info:doi/10.3354%2Fmeps08624 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Foraging behaviour; Pups; Marine mammals; Carbon isotopes; Year class; Nitrogen isotopes; Habitat; Trophic levels; Reefs; Foraging behavior; Age; Isotopes; Carbon; Islands; Conspecifics; Nitrogen; Ecology; seals; forage; conspecifics; Callorhinus ursinus; INE, USA, California, Channel Is., San Miguel I.; INE, USA, California; INE, USA, Aleutian Is., Fox Is., Bogoslof I.; INE, USA, Alaska; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps08624 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The National Marine Sanctuary System's Role in Coastal and Marine Spatial Planning T2 - 2010 Pacific Congress on Marine Science and Technology (PACON 2010) AN - 754311207; 5866253 JF - 2010 Pacific Congress on Marine Science and Technology (PACON 2010) AU - Armor, John Y1 - 2010/06/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 01 KW - Environmental planning KW - Spatial distribution KW - Marine environment KW - National planning KW - Sanctuaries KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754311207?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+Pacific+Congress+on+Marine+Science+and+Technology+%28PACON+2010%29&rft.atitle=The+National+Marine+Sanctuary+System%27s+Role+in+Coastal+and+Marine+Spatial+Planning&rft.au=Armor%2C+John&rft.aulast=Armor&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+Pacific+Congress+on+Marine+Science+and+Technology+%28PACON+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://blog.hawaii.edu/pacon/files/2009/10/5.25.2010_PACON-Final-Progr LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - NOAA-USAID Partnership in the Coral Triangle Initiative Live Reef Food Fish Project T2 - 2010 Pacific Congress on Marine Science and Technology (PACON 2010) AN - 754310653; 5866299 JF - 2010 Pacific Congress on Marine Science and Technology (PACON 2010) AU - Schroeder, Robert Y1 - 2010/06/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 01 KW - Food fishes KW - Coral reefs KW - Reefs KW - Food fish KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754310653?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+Pacific+Congress+on+Marine+Science+and+Technology+%28PACON+2010%29&rft.atitle=NOAA-USAID+Partnership+in+the+Coral+Triangle+Initiative+Live+Reef+Food+Fish+Project&rft.au=Schroeder%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Schroeder&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+Pacific+Congress+on+Marine+Science+and+Technology+%28PACON+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://blog.hawaii.edu/pacon/files/2009/10/5.25.2010_PACON-Final-Progr LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Capturing Cultural & Traditional Activities in Marine Spatial Planning in Fagatele Bay National Marine Sanctuary, American Samoa T2 - 2010 Pacific Congress on Marine Science and Technology (PACON 2010) AN - 754310538; 5866257 JF - 2010 Pacific Congress on Marine Science and Technology (PACON 2010) AU - Brighouse, Genevieve Y1 - 2010/06/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 01 KW - Pacific, American Samoa, Tutuila I., Fagatele Bay, Fagatele Bay Natl. Marine Sanctuary KW - Pacific, American Samoa KW - Environmental planning KW - Culture KW - Spatial distribution KW - Marine environment KW - National planning KW - Sanctuaries KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754310538?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+Pacific+Congress+on+Marine+Science+and+Technology+%28PACON+2010%29&rft.atitle=Capturing+Cultural+%26amp%3B+Traditional+Activities+in+Marine+Spatial+Planning+in+Fagatele+Bay+National+Marine+Sanctuary%2C+American+Samoa&rft.au=Brighouse%2C+Genevieve&rft.aulast=Brighouse&rft.aufirst=Genevieve&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+Pacific+Congress+on+Marine+Science+and+Technology+%28PACON+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://blog.hawaii.edu/pacon/files/2009/10/5.25.2010_PACON-Final-Progr LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Information Management to Support Marine Spatial Planning at Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument T2 - 2010 Pacific Congress on Marine Science and Technology (PACON 2010) AN - 754310521; 5866256 JF - 2010 Pacific Congress on Marine Science and Technology (PACON 2010) AU - Keller, Kaylene Y1 - 2010/06/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 01 KW - National monuments KW - Environmental planning KW - Spatial distribution KW - Marine environment KW - National planning KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754310521?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+Pacific+Congress+on+Marine+Science+and+Technology+%28PACON+2010%29&rft.atitle=Information+Management+to+Support+Marine+Spatial+Planning+at+Papahanaumokuakea+Marine+National+Monument&rft.au=Keller%2C+Kaylene&rft.aulast=Keller&rft.aufirst=Kaylene&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+Pacific+Congress+on+Marine+Science+and+Technology+%28PACON+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://blog.hawaii.edu/pacon/files/2009/10/5.25.2010_PACON-Final-Progr LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Marine Spatial Planning: A Management Tool for Multiple-Use Marine Protected Areas T2 - 2010 Pacific Congress on Marine Science and Technology (PACON 2010) AN - 754310505; 5866255 JF - 2010 Pacific Congress on Marine Science and Technology (PACON 2010) AU - Causey, Billy Y1 - 2010/06/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 01 KW - Environmental planning KW - Management tools KW - Marine protected areas KW - Spatial distribution KW - Marine environment KW - Nature conservation KW - National planning KW - Marine parks KW - Environment management KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754310505?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+Pacific+Congress+on+Marine+Science+and+Technology+%28PACON+2010%29&rft.atitle=Marine+Spatial+Planning%3A+A+Management+Tool+for+Multiple-Use+Marine+Protected+Areas&rft.au=Causey%2C+Billy&rft.aulast=Causey&rft.aufirst=Billy&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+Pacific+Congress+on+Marine+Science+and+Technology+%28PACON+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://blog.hawaii.edu/pacon/files/2009/10/5.25.2010_PACON-Final-Progr LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Marine Spatial Planning: Characterizing Shipwrecks in the Graveyard of the Atlantic T2 - 2010 Pacific Congress on Marine Science and Technology (PACON 2010) AN - 754309868; 5866258 JF - 2010 Pacific Congress on Marine Science and Technology (PACON 2010) AU - Alberg, David Y1 - 2010/06/01/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 Jun 01 KW - Atlantic KW - Environmental planning KW - Spatial distribution KW - Marine environment KW - Wrecks KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754309868?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+Pacific+Congress+on+Marine+Science+and+Technology+%28PACON+2010%29&rft.atitle=Marine+Spatial+Planning%3A+Characterizing+Shipwrecks+in+the+Graveyard+of+the+Atlantic&rft.au=Alberg%2C+David&rft.aulast=Alberg&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+Pacific+Congress+on+Marine+Science+and+Technology+%28PACON+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://blog.hawaii.edu/pacon/files/2009/10/5.25.2010_PACON-Final-Progr LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Annual Industry Accounts: Advance Statistics on GDP by Industry for 2009 Revised Statistics for 1998-2008, Comprehensive Revision AN - 754076650; 2010-595391 AB - In 2009, 15 of 22 industry groups contributed to the 2.4 percent decline in real gross domestic product. Revised estimates for 1998-2008 confirm previously identified trends, such as the economic slowdown of 2008. Adapted from the source document. JF - Survey of Current Business AU - Donahoe, Matthew M AU - Morgan, Edward T AU - Muck, Kevin J AU - Stewart, Ricky L Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - June 2010 SP - 14 EP - 29 PB - Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Dept of Commerce VL - 90 IS - 6 SN - 0039-6222, 0039-6222 KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic conditions KW - Education and education policy - Statistics, research, research methods, and research support KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development KW - Manufacturing and heavy industry - Industry and industrial policy KW - Statistics KW - Business conditions KW - Gross national product KW - Economic development KW - Industry KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754076650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Survey+of+Current+Business&rft.atitle=Annual+Industry+Accounts%3A+Advance+Statistics+on+GDP+by+Industry+for+2009+Revised+Statistics+for+1998-2008%2C+Comprehensive+Revision&rft.au=Donahoe%2C+Matthew+M%3BMorgan%2C+Edward+T%3BMuck%2C+Kevin+J%3BStewart%2C+Ricky+L&rft.aulast=Donahoe&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Survey+of+Current+Business&rft.issn=00396222&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-09 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Business conditions; Statistics; Gross national product; Economic development; Industry ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbonate chemistry dynamics of surface waters in the northern Gulf of Mexico AN - 753850799; 2010-068056 AB - This paper presents the results of two cruises in the northern Gulf of Mexico in 2008 that investigated local and short-term factors influencing the carbonate chemistry dynamics and saturation state with respect to aragonite (Omega (sub aragonite) ) of surface seawater in this region. One cruise covered much of the northern half of the Gulf, and the other focused on the coastal zone west of the Atchafalaya Bay outlet of the Mississippi River-the region where the hypoxic "dead zone" occurs on the Louisiana Shelf. Offshore waters (>100 m depth) exhibited only small variations in CO (sub 2) fugacity (fCO (sub 2) ), total alkalinity (TA) and Omega (sub aragonite) . Values were close to those typically observed in subtropical Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea waters of similar salinity. However, inner shelf waters (<50 m depth) exhibited large variations in fCO (sub 2) , TA, and Omega (sub aragonite) that were not directly related to salinity or distance from the Mississippi River plume. Changes in TA values were not the result of simple mixing of end-member freshwater and seawater TA concentrations but exhibited a minimum in values near salinity of 25. This minimum could be the result of microbial recycling across salinity gradients, biological removal of alkalinity by formation of calcium carbonate or mixing of a third end-member with a low alkalinity such as Terrebonne Bay. All waters were supersaturated with respect to aragonite. Offshore waters had an average Omega (sub aragonite) of 3.86 with a standard deviation of only + or -0.06 and inner shelf waters had a range in Omega (sub aragonite) values from 3.9 to 9.7 with a median of 4.3. Shelf water Omega (sub aragonite) values were elevated relative to the offshore as a consequence of both high TA input from Mississippi River and biological drawdown of CO (sub 2) . A dominant factor controlling Omega (sub aragonite) distribution in offshore waters with relatively constant temperatures was fCO (sub 2) , with higher supersaturation occurring in areas with low fCO (sub 2) . Copyright 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. JF - Aquatic Geochemistry AU - Keul, Nina AU - Morse, John W AU - Wanninkhof, Rik AU - Gledhill, Dwight K AU - Bianchi, Thomas S A2 - Sharma, Virender K. Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - June 2010 SP - 337 EP - 351 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 1380-6165, 1380-6165 KW - United States KW - sea water KW - stream transport KW - fresh water KW - Atchafalaya Bay KW - salinity KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - fugacity KW - variations KW - carbon dioxide KW - spatial distribution KW - transport KW - alkalinity KW - Mississippi River KW - Louisiana KW - discharge KW - northern Gulf of Mexico KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - aragonite KW - surface water KW - hydrochemistry KW - saturation KW - acidification KW - North Atlantic KW - carbonates KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/753850799?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Carbonate+chemistry+dynamics+of+surface+waters+in+the+northern+Gulf+of+Mexico&rft.au=Keul%2C+Nina%3BMorse%2C+John+W%3BWanninkhof%2C+Rik%3BGledhill%2C+Dwight+K%3BBianchi%2C+Thomas+S&rft.aulast=Keul&rft.aufirst=Nina&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=337&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Geochemistry&rft.issn=13806165&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10498-010-9091-2 L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/app/home/journal.asp?wasp=06310259ce2e45a6a9eacb848fdddbe0&referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100238,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Springer Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; alkalinity; aragonite; Atchafalaya Bay; Atlantic Ocean; carbon dioxide; carbonates; discharge; fresh water; fugacity; geochemistry; Gulf of Mexico; hydrochemistry; Louisiana; Mississippi River; North Atlantic; northern Gulf of Mexico; pH; salinity; saturation; sea water; spatial distribution; stream transport; surface water; transport; United States; variations DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10498-010-9091-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evolution of Mesoscale Precipitation Band Environments within the Comma Head of Northeast U.S. Cyclones AN - 753667966; 13209999 AB - This paper explores the mesoscale forcing and stability evolution of intense precipitation bands in the comma head sector of extratropical cyclones using the 32-km North American Regional Reanalysis, hourly 20-km Rapid Update Cycle analyses, and 2-km composite radar reflectivity data. A statistical and composite analysis of 36 banded events occurring during the 2002-08 cool seasons reveals a common cyclone evolution and associated band life cycle. A majority (61%) of banded events develop along the northern portion of a hook-shaped upper-level potential vorticity (PV) anomaly. During the 6 h leading up to band formation, lower-tropospheric frontogenesis nearly doubles and the conditional stability above the frontal zone is reduced. The frontogenesis increase is primarily due to changes in the kinematic flow associated with the development of a mesoscale geopotential height trough. This trough extends poleward of the 700-hPa low, and is the vertical extension of the surface warm front (and surface warm occlusion when present). The conditional stability near 500 hPa is reduced by differential horizontal potential temperature advection. During band formation, layers of conditional instability above the frontal zone are present nearly 3 times as often as layers of conditional symmetric instability. The frontogenetical forcing peaks during band maturity and is offset by an increase in conditional stability. Band dissipation occurs as the conditional stability continues to increase, and the frontogenesis weakens in response to changes in the kinematic flow. A set of 22 null events, in which band formation was absent in the comma head, were also examined. Although exhibiting similar synoptic patterns as the banded events, the null events were characterized by weaker frontogenesis. However, statistically significant differences between the midlevel frontogenesis maximum of the banded and null events only appear ~2 h prior to band formation, illustrating the challenge of predicting band formation. JF - Monthly Weather Review AU - Novak, David R AU - Colle, Brian A AU - Aiyyer, Anantha R AD - NOAA/NWS/NCEP, Hydrometeorological Prediction Center, Camp Springs, Maryland, david.novak@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - Jun 2010 SP - 2354 EP - 2374 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 138 IS - 6 SN - 0027-0644, 0027-0644 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Conditional symmetric instability KW - Cyclones KW - Reflectance KW - Mesoscale precipitation KW - Statistical analysis KW - Life cycle KW - Data reanalysis KW - Advection KW - Occlusions KW - Potential vorticity KW - Radar reflectivity KW - Seasonal variability KW - Hydrologic Data KW - Extratropical cyclones KW - Frontogenesis KW - North America KW - Weather KW - Precipitation KW - Precipitation bands KW - Frontal zones KW - Dynamic height KW - USA KW - Fronts KW - Geopotential field analysis KW - Potential temperature KW - Reviews KW - Sexual maturity KW - Radar KW - Life Cycles KW - Instability KW - Troughs KW - Evolution KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - SW 0815:Precipitation KW - M2 551.577:General Precipitation (551.577) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/753667966?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Monthly+Weather+Review&rft.atitle=Evolution+of+Mesoscale+Precipitation+Band+Environments+within+the+Comma+Head+of+Northeast+U.S.+Cyclones&rft.au=Novak%2C+David+R%3BColle%2C+Brian+A%3BAiyyer%2C+Anantha+R&rft.aulast=Novak&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2354&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Monthly+Weather+Review&rft.issn=00270644&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010MWR3219.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cyclones; Reflectance; Potential vorticity; Potential temperature; Sexual maturity; Radar; Life cycle; Frontogenesis; Dynamic height; Conditional symmetric instability; Mesoscale precipitation; Statistical analysis; Precipitation bands; Data reanalysis; Advection; Frontal zones; Occlusions; Fronts; Radar reflectivity; Geopotential field analysis; Seasonal variability; Troughs; Instability; Extratropical cyclones; Weather; Reviews; Precipitation; Life Cycles; Hydrologic Data; Evolution; North America; USA DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010MWR3219.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - River-plume use during the pelagic larval stage benefits recruitment of a lentic fish AN - 746231696; 12936767 AB - Similar to coastal marine systems, Lake Erie exhibits open-water river plumes that differ physicochemically and biologically from surrounding waters. To explore their importance to yellow perch (Perca flavescens) recruitment in western Lake Erie, we tested two related hypotheses: (i) contributions of larvae to the juvenile stage (when recruitment is set) would be greater from nutrient-rich Maumee River plume (MRP) waters than from less-productive non-MRP waters; and (ii) warmer temperatures and higher zooplankton (prey) production in the MRP (versus non-MRP waters) would underlie this expected recruitment difference through 'bottom-up' effects on larval growth. Peak larval yellow perch density was 10-fold and 5-fold less in the MRP than in non-MRP waters during 2006 and 2007, respectively. However, otolith microchemical analyses demonstrated that disproportionately more juvenile recruits emanated from the MRP than from non-MRP waters during both years. Although temperature and zooplankton production were higher in the MRP than in non-MRP waters during both years, observed recruitment differences were not definitively linked to bottom-up effects. Top-down effects also appeared important, as high turbidity in the MRP may offer a survival advantage by reducing predation mortality on larvae. Our research highlights the need to better understand biophysical coupling in freshwater systems and demonstrates how stochastic tributary inputs can influence fish recruitment.Original Abstract: Comme c'est le cas dans les systemes marins cotiers, le lac Erie possede des panaches fluviaux en eau libre qui different des eaux environnantes par leur physico-chimie et leur biologie. Afin de determiner leur importance sur le recrutement de la perchaude (Perca flavescens) dans la partie occidentale du lac Erie, nous testons deux hypotheses reliees : (i) la contribution des larves au stade juvenile (moment de la fixation du recrutement) est plus importante dans les eaux riches en nutriments du panache de la riviere Maumee (MRP) que dans les eaux moins productives ne provenant pas de MRP et (ii) les temperatures superieures et la production plus elevee de zooplancton (proies) dans le MRP (par rapport aux eaux non MRP) expliquent cette difference attendue de recrutement par le moyen d'effets ascendants sur la croissance larvaire. Les densites maximales de larves de perchaudes ont ete respectivement 10 fois et 5 fois plus faibles en 2006 et 2007 dans les eaux du MRP que dans les eaux hors du panache. Cependant, des analyses microchimiques des otolithes demontrent qu'une proportion beaucoup plus importante de jeunes recrues proviennent des eaux du MRP que des autres eaux au cours des deux annees. Bien que la temperature et la production de zooplancton aient ete plus grandes dans les eaux du MRP que dans les autres durant les deux annees, les differences observees dans le recrutement ne sont pas reliees de facon definitive aux effets ascendants. Les effets descendants semblent aussi importants, puisque la forte turbidite dans le MRP peut procurer un avantage de survie en reduisant la mortalite des larves par predation. Notre recherche souligne la necessite de mieux comprendre le couplage biophysique dans les systemes d'eau douce et demontre comment des apports stochastiques des tributaires peuvent influencer le recrutement des poissons. JF - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences/Journal Canadien des Sciences Halieutiques et Aquatiques AU - Reichert, Julie M AU - Fryer, Brian J AU - Pangle, Kevin L AU - Johnson, Timothy B AU - Tyson, Jeff T AU - Drelich, Alison B AU - Ludsin, Stuart A AD - NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, 4840 South State Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA., ludsin.1@osu.edu Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - Jun 2010 SP - 987 EP - 1004 PB - NRC Research Press, 1200 Montreal Rd, Bldg M-55, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada, Tel.: 613-993-9084, 613-990-7873 or 1-800-668-1222 (Canada and U.S.), Fax: 613-952-7656, Ottawa ON K1A 0R6 Canada VL - 67 IS - 6 SN - 0706-652X, 0706-652X KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Pelagic fisheries KW - Perca flavescens KW - Survival KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - North America, Erie L. KW - Fish larvae KW - Perch KW - Lakes KW - Growth KW - River plumes KW - Juvenile Growth Stage KW - Plumes KW - Temperature effects KW - Rivers KW - Biological production KW - Zooplankton KW - Recruitment KW - Temperature KW - Larvae KW - USA, Ohio, Maumee R. KW - Otoliths KW - Secondary production KW - Turbidity KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - Q1 08567:Fishery oceanography and limnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746231696?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences%2FJournal+Canadien+des+Sciences+Halieutiques+et+Aquatiques&rft.atitle=River-plume+use+during+the+pelagic+larval+stage+benefits+recruitment+of+a+lentic+fish&rft.au=Reichert%2C+Julie+M%3BFryer%2C+Brian+J%3BPangle%2C+Kevin+L%3BJohnson%2C+Timothy+B%3BTyson%2C+Jeff+T%3BDrelich%2C+Alison+B%3BLudsin%2C+Stuart+A&rft.aulast=Reichert&rft.aufirst=Julie&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=987&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences%2FJournal+Canadien+des+Sciences+Halieutiques+et+Aquatiques&rft.issn=0706652X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1139%2FF10-036 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 76 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth; Biological production; River plumes; Pelagic fisheries; Recruitment; Larvae; Freshwater fish; Secondary production; Fish larvae; Rivers; Temperature effects; Lakes; Otoliths; Zooplankton; Survival; Plumes; Turbidity; Perch; Temperature; Juvenile Growth Stage; Perca flavescens; USA, Ohio, Maumee R.; North America, Erie L.; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/F10-036 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wireless sensor network performance metrics for building applications AN - 746228615; 12983550 AB - Metrics are investigated to help assess the performance of wireless sensors in buildings. Wireless sensor networks present tremendous opportunities for energy savings and improvement in occupant comfort in buildings by making data about conditions and equipment more readily available. A key barrier to their adoption, however, is the uncertainty among users regarding the reliability of the wireless links through building construction. Tests were carried out that examined three performance metrics as a function of transmitter-receiver separation distance, transmitter power level, and obstruction type. These tests demonstrated, via the packet delivery rate, a clear transition from reliable to unreliable communications at different separation distances. While the packet delivery rate is difficult to measure in actual applications, the received signal strength indication correlated well with the drop in packet delivery rate in the relatively noise-free environment used in these tests. The concept of an equivalent distance was introduced to translate the range of reliability in open field operation to that seen in a typical building, thereby providing wireless system designers a rough estimate of the necessary spacing between sensor nodes in building applications. It is anticipated that the availability of straightforward metrics on the range of wireless sensors in buildings will enable more widespread sensing in buildings for improved control and fault detection. JF - Energy and Buildings AU - Jang, W S AU - Healy, WM AD - Department of Civil Engineering Yeungnam University 214-1 Dae-Dong, Gyeongsan-Si Gyeongsangbuk-Do 712-749 South Korea, wsjang@ynu.ac.krwilliam.healy@nist.gov Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - Jun 2010 SP - 862 EP - 868 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 564 Lausanne 1 CH-1001 Switzerland VL - 42 IS - 6 SN - 0378-7788, 0378-7788 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Communications KW - Sensors KW - Energy conservation KW - Buildings KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746228615?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+and+Buildings&rft.atitle=Wireless+sensor+network+performance+metrics+for+building+applications&rft.au=Jang%2C+W+S%3BHealy%2C+WM&rft.aulast=Jang&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=862&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+and+Buildings&rft.issn=03787788&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.enbuild.2009.12.008 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Communications; Sensors; Energy conservation; Buildings DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2009.12.008 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Nonparametric Postprocessor for Bias Correction of Hydrometeorological and Hydrologic Ensemble Forecasts AN - 746163831; 13186810 AB - This paper describes a technique for quantifying and removing biases from ensemble forecasts of hydrometeorological and hydrologic variables. The technique makes no a priori assumptions about the distributional form of the variables, which is often unknown or difficult to model parametrically. The aim is to estimate the conditional cumulative distribution function (ccdf) of the observed variable given a (possibly biased) real-time ensemble forecast. This ccdf represents the 'true' probability distribution of the forecast variable, subject to sampling uncertainties. In the absence of a known distributional form, the ccdf should be estimated nonparametrically. It is noted that the probability of exceeding a threshold of the observed variable, such as flood stage, is equivalent to the expectation of an indicator variable defined for that threshold. The ccdf is then modeled through a linear combination of the indicator variables of the forecast ensemble members. The technique is based on Bayesian optimal linear estimation of indicator variables and is analogous to indicator cokriging (ICK) in geostatistics. By developing linear estimators for the conditional expectation of the observed variable at many thresholds, ICK provides a discrete approximation of the full ccdf. Since ICK minimizes the conditional error variance of the indicator variable at each threshold, it effectively minimizes the continuous ranked probability score (CRPS) when infinitely many thresholds are employed. The technique is used to bias-correct precipitation ensemble forecasts from the NCEP Global Ensemble Forecast System (GEFS) and streamflow ensemble forecasts from the National Weather Service (NWS) River Forecast Centers (RFCs). Split-sample validation results are presented for several attributes of ensemble forecast quality, including reliability and discrimination. In general, the forecast biases were substantially reduced following ICK. Overall, the technique shows significant potential for bias-correcting ensemble forecasts whose distributional form is unknown or nonparametric. JF - Journal of Hydrometeorology AU - Brown, James D AU - Seo, Dong-Jun AD - NOAA/NWS/OHD, 1325 East-West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA, james.d.brown@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - June 2010 SP - 642 EP - 665 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 11 IS - 3 SN - 1525-755X, 1525-755X KW - Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Ensembles KW - Model evaluation/performance KW - Diagnostics KW - Hydrometeorology KW - Hydrologic models KW - Indicators KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Floods KW - Hydrometeorological forecasting KW - Sampling KW - National Weather Service KW - Weather forecasting KW - Rivers KW - Weather KW - Probability Distribution KW - Ensemble forecasting KW - Precipitation KW - Errors KW - Stream flow KW - Hydrometeorological research KW - AQ 00006:Sewage KW - Q2 09162:Methods and instruments KW - M2 556.16:Runoff (556.16) KW - SW 2010:Control of water on the surface UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746163831?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.atitle=A+Nonparametric+Postprocessor+for+Bias+Correction+of+Hydrometeorological+and+Hydrologic+Ensemble+Forecasts&rft.au=Brown%2C+James+D%3BSeo%2C+Dong-Jun&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=642&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.issn=1525755X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2009JHM1188.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 68 N1 - Last updated - 2016-02-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Weather forecasting; Stream flow; Hydrometeorological research; Floods; Ensemble forecasting; Hydrometeorological forecasting; Precipitation; National Weather Service; Rivers; Hydrometeorology; Weather; Hydrologic Models; Probability Distribution; Indicators; Sampling; Errors DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009JHM1188.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of Polarimetric Radar Observations on Hydrologic Simulation AN - 746163286; 13186814 AB - Rainfall estimated from the polarimetric prototype of the Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler [WSR-88D (KOUN)] was evaluated using a dense Micronet rain gauge network for nine events on the Ft. Cobb research watershed in Oklahoma. The operation of KOUN and its upgrade to dual polarization was completed by the National Severe Storms Laboratory. Storm events included an extreme rainfall case from Tropical Storm Erin that had a 100-yr return interval. Comparisons with collocated Micronet rain gauge measurements indicated all six rainfall algorithms that used polarimetric observations had lower root-mean-squared errors and higher Pearson correlation coefficients than the conventional algorithm that used reflectivity factor alone when considering all events combined. The reflectivity based relation R(Z) was the least biased with an event-combined normalized bias of -9%. The bias for R(Z), however, was found to vary significantly from case to case and as a function of rainfall intensity. This variability was attributed to different drop size distributions (DSDs) and the presence of hail. The synthetic polarimetric algorithm R(syn) had a large normalized bias of -31%, but this bias was found to be stationary. To evaluate whether polarimetric radar observations improve discharge simulation, recent advances in Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation using the Hydrology Laboratory Research Distributed Hydrologic Model (HL-RDHM) were used. This Bayesian approach infers the posterior probability density function of model parameters and output predictions, which allows us to quantify HL-RDHM uncertainty. Hydrologic simulations were compared to observed streamflow and also to simulations forced by rain gauge inputs. The hydrologic evaluation indicated that all polarimetric rainfall estimators outperformed the conventional R(Z) algorithm, but only after their long-term biases were identified and corrected. JF - Journal of Hydrometeorology AU - Gourley, Jonathan J AU - Giangrande, Scott E AU - Hong, Yang AU - Flamig, Zachary L AU - Schuur, Terry AU - Vrugt, Jasper A AD - NOAA/National Severe Storms Laboratory, Norman, Oklahoma, jj.gourley@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - Jun 2010 SP - 781 EP - 796 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 11 IS - 3 SN - 1525-755X, 1525-755X KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Rainfall intensities KW - Reflectance KW - Rainfall KW - Radar networks KW - Algorithms KW - Correlations KW - Statistical analysis KW - Monte Carlo method KW - Freshwater KW - Storms KW - USA, Oklahoma KW - Severe storms KW - Hydrologic Models KW - Polarimetric radar KW - Statistical Analysis KW - Body size KW - Hydrology KW - Hydrologic models KW - Rain gauges KW - Hail KW - Laboratories KW - River discharge KW - Simulation KW - Probability density function KW - Polarization KW - Rain gage networks KW - Tropical depressions KW - Stream flow KW - Drop size distribution KW - Hydrometeorological research KW - Numerical simulations KW - Rain Gages KW - Radar KW - Q2 09242:Observations and measurements at sea KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - SW 7060:Research facilities UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746163286?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+Polarimetric+Radar+Observations+on+Hydrologic+Simulation&rft.au=Gourley%2C+Jonathan+J%3BGiangrande%2C+Scott+E%3BHong%2C+Yang%3BFlamig%2C+Zachary+L%3BSchuur%2C+Terry%3BVrugt%2C+Jasper+A&rft.aulast=Gourley&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=781&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.issn=1525755X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JHM1218.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 48 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hail; Reflectance; Rain gauges; Statistical analysis; River discharge; Body size; Simulation; Tropical depressions; Stream flow; Rainfall intensities; Radar networks; Correlations; Algorithms; Monte Carlo method; Probability density function; Rain gage networks; Polarization; Storms; Severe storms; Drop size distribution; Hydrometeorological research; Numerical simulations; Polarimetric radar; Hydrology; Hydrologic models; Hydrologic Models; Laboratories; Rain Gages; Rainfall; Radar; Statistical Analysis; USA, Oklahoma; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JHM1218.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Are We Successfully Adapting Science to Climate Change? AN - 746162877; 13186771 JF - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society AU - Averyt, Kristen AD - University of Colorado at Boulder, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Western Water Assessment, Boulder, Colorado Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - Jun 2010 SP - 723 EP - 726 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 91 IS - 6 SN - 0003-0007, 0003-0007 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Climatic changes KW - Climate change KW - Meteorology KW - American Meteorological Society KW - adaptability KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746162877?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+American+Meteorological+Society&rft.atitle=Are+We+Successfully+Adapting+Science+to+Climate+Change%3F&rft.au=Averyt%2C+Kristen&rft.aulast=Averyt&rft.aufirst=Kristen&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=723&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+the+American+Meteorological+Society&rft.issn=00030007&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010BAMS2906.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Climate change; American Meteorological Society; Climatic changes; Meteorology; adaptability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010BAMS2906.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multisensor Precipitation Reanalysis AN - 746162821; 13186811 AB - Temporally consistent high-quality, high-resolution multisensor precipitation reanalysis (MPR) products are needed for a wide range of quantitative climatological and hydroclimatological applications. Therefore, the authors have reengineered the multisensor precipitation estimator (MPE) algorithms of the NWS into the MPR package. Owing to the retrospective nature of the analysis, MPR allows for the utilization of additional rain gauge data, more rigorous automatic quality control, and post factum correction of radar quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) and optimization of key parameters in multisensor estimation. To evaluate and demonstrate the value of MPR, the authors designed and carried out a set of cross-validation experiments in the pilot domain of North Carolina and South Carolina. The rain gauge data are from the reprocessed Hydrometeorological Automated Data System (HADS) and the daily Cooperative Observer Program (COOP). The radar QPE data are the operationally produced Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler digital precipitation array (DPA) products. To screen out bad rain gauge data, quality control steps were taken that use rain gauge and radar data. The resulting MPR products are compared with the stage IV product on a daily scale at the withheld COOP gauge locations. This paper describes the data, the MPR procedure, and the validation experiments, and it summarizes the findings. JF - Journal of Hydrometeorology AU - Nelson, Brian R AU - Seo, D-J AU - Kim, Dongsoo AD - NOAA/NESDIS/NCDC, Asheville, North Carolina, brian.nelson@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - Jun 2010 SP - 666 EP - 682 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 11 IS - 3 SN - 1525-755X, 1525-755X KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - USA, North Carolina KW - Weather KW - Algorithms KW - Automation KW - Precipitation KW - Hydrometeorological data KW - Rain gage networks KW - Data reanalysis KW - Hydrometeorology KW - Hydrometeorological research KW - Precipitation estimation KW - USA, South Carolina KW - Rain Gages KW - Radar KW - Data quality control KW - Hydrologic Data KW - Quality Control KW - Optimization KW - SW 0815:Precipitation KW - M2 551.579.1:Water supply from precipitation (551.579.1) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746162821?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.atitle=Multisensor+Precipitation+Reanalysis&rft.au=Nelson%2C+Brian+R%3BSeo%2C+D-J%3BKim%2C+Dongsoo&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=666&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.issn=1525755X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JHM1210.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Precipitation estimation; Hydrometeorological research; Data quality control; Radar; Algorithms; Hydrometeorological data; Precipitation; Rain gage networks; Data reanalysis; Hydrometeorology; Weather; Rain Gages; Automation; Quality Control; Hydrologic Data; Optimization; USA, North Carolina; USA, South Carolina DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JHM1210.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developing a Performance Measure for Snow-Level Forecasts AN - 746162810; 13186809 AB - The snow level, or altitude in the atmosphere where snow melts to rain, is an important variable for hydrometeorological prediction in mountainous watersheds; yet, there is no operational performance measure associated with snow-level forecasts in the United States. To establish a performance measure, it is first necessary to establish the baseline performance associated with snow-level forecasts. Using data collected by vertically pointing Doppler radars, an automated algorithm has been developed to detect the altitude of maximum radar reflectivity in the radar bright band that results from the precipitation melting process. This altitude can be used as a proxy for the snow level, partly because it always exists below the freezing level, which is defined as the altitude of the 0C isotherm. The skill of freezing-level forecasts produced by the California-Nevada River Forecast Center (CNRFC) is evaluated by comparing spatially interpolated and forecaster-adjusted numerical model freezing-level forecasts with observed freezing levels estimated by radars operating at 2875 MHz (S band). The freezing level was chosen instead of the snow level as the comparison parameter because the radar algorithm and the CNRFC have different interpretations of the snow level. The evaluation occurred at two sites: one in the coastal mountains north of San Francisco and the other in the Sierra Nevada. The evaluation was conducted for forecasts made during the winter wet season of 2005/06. Although the overall mean freezing-level forecast bias is small enough not to be hydrologically significant, about 15% of the forecasts had biases greater than 300 m (forecast too low). The largest forecast biases were associated with freezing levels above 2.3 km that were underforecasted by as much as 900 m. These high freezing-level events were accompanied by the heaviest precipitation intensities, exacerbating the flood threat and making the forecast even more challenging. JF - Journal of Hydrometeorology AU - White, Allen B AU - Gottas, Daniel J AU - Henkel, Arthur F AU - Neiman, Paul J AU - Ralph, FMartin AU - Gutman, Seth I AD - NOAA/Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado, allen.b.white@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - Jun 2010 SP - 739 EP - 753 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 11 IS - 3 SN - 1525-755X, 1525-755X KW - Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Reflectance KW - Algorithms KW - Precipitation intensities KW - Watersheds KW - Wet season KW - Evaluation KW - Altitude KW - Numerical models KW - Rainy season KW - Radar reflectivity KW - Floods KW - Hydrometeorological forecasting KW - Isotherms KW - Mathematical models KW - Snow KW - Freezing KW - Precipitation KW - USA, California, Sierra Nevada Mts. KW - Performance Evaluation KW - Hydrometeorological research KW - Doppler radar KW - Radar KW - INE, USA, California, San Francisco KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - M2 551.509.1/.5:Forecasting (551.509.1/.5) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746162810?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.atitle=Developing+a+Performance+Measure+for+Snow-Level+Forecasts&rft.au=White%2C+Allen+B%3BGottas%2C+Daniel+J%3BHenkel%2C+Arthur+F%3BNeiman%2C+Paul+J%3BRalph%2C+FMartin%3BGutman%2C+Seth+I&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Allen&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=739&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrometeorology&rft.issn=1525755X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2009JHM1181.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reflectance; Rainy season; Mathematical models; Snow; Radar; Freezing; Watersheds; Isotherms; Hydrometeorological research; Numerical models; Doppler radar; Radar reflectivity; Floods; Algorithms; Hydrometeorological forecasting; Precipitation intensities; Precipitation; Wet season; Evaluation; Performance Evaluation; Altitude; INE, USA, California, San Francisco; USA, California, Sierra Nevada Mts. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009JHM1181.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationship between Precipitation in the Great Plains of the United States and Global SSTs: Insights from the IPCC AR4 Models AN - 746162054; 13137452 AB - Multicentury preindustrial control simulations from six of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report (IPCC AR4) models are used to examine the relationship between low-frequency precipitation variations in the Great Plains (GP) region of the United States and global sea surface temperatures (SSTs). This study builds on previous work performed with atmospheric models forced by observed SSTs during the twentieth century and extends it to a coupled model context and longer time series. The climate models used in this study reproduce the precipitation climatology over the United States reasonably well, with maximum precipitation occurring in early summer, as observed. The modeled precipitation time series exhibit negative 'decadal' anomalies, identified using a 5-yr running mean, of amplitude comparable to that of the twentieth-century droughts. It is found that low-frequency anomalies over the GP are part of a large-scale pattern of precipitation variations, characterized by anomalies of the same sign as in the GP region over Europe and southern South America and anomalies of opposite sign over northern South America, India, and Australia. The large-scale pattern of the precipitation anomalies is associated with global-scale atmospheric circulation changes; during wet periods in the GP, geopotential heights are raised in the tropics and high latitudes and lowered in the midlatitudes in most models, with the midlatitude jets displaced toward the equator in both hemispheres. Statistically significant correlations are found between the decadal precipitation anomalies in the GP region and tropical Pacific SSTs in all the models. The influence of other oceans (Indian and tropical and North Atlantic), which previous studies have identified as potentially important, appears to be model dependent. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Capotondi, Antonietta AU - Alexander, Michael A AD - NOAA/Earth System Research Laboratory, and University of Colorado/CIRES, Boulder, Colorado, antonietta.capotondi@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - June 2010 SP - 2941 EP - 2958 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 23 IS - 11 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Climate models KW - Coupled models KW - Precipitation KW - Sea surface temperature KW - Jets KW - Rainfall KW - Freshwater KW - Time series analysis KW - Maximum precipitation KW - ISW, India KW - Precipitation anomalies KW - Climatology KW - Droughts KW - Atmospheric circulation changes KW - time series analysis KW - Brackish KW - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change KW - Model Studies KW - Dynamic height KW - Surface temperature KW - ASW, South America KW - Atmosphere-ocean coupled models KW - Numerical simulations KW - latitude KW - Sea surface KW - Climate change KW - Statistical analysis KW - Correlations KW - Drought KW - IS, Tropical Pacific KW - Precipitation variations KW - Atmospheric models KW - Precipitation climatology KW - Assessments KW - ANE, Europe KW - Australia KW - plains KW - Sea surface temperatures KW - Marine KW - Mathematical models KW - Climates KW - Temperature KW - Simulation KW - AN, North Atlantic KW - USA KW - equator KW - USA, Great Plains KW - Geopotential field analysis KW - Oceans KW - Tropical environments KW - summer KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 0815:Precipitation KW - O 2070:Meteorology KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746162054?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Relationship+between+Precipitation+in+the+Great+Plains+of+the+United+States+and+Global+SSTs%3A+Insights+from+the+IPCC+AR4+Models&rft.au=Capotondi%2C+Antonietta%3BAlexander%2C+Michael+A&rft.aulast=Capotondi&rft.aufirst=Antonietta&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2941&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2009JCLI3291.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sea surface; Mathematical models; Climate change; Climatology; Droughts; Surface temperature; Dynamic height; Atmospheric circulation changes; Climate models; Correlations; Statistical analysis; Drought; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; Precipitation; Time series analysis; Maximum precipitation; Precipitation variations; Atmospheric models; Precipitation climatology; Atmosphere-ocean coupled models; Numerical simulations; Geopotential field analysis; Precipitation anomalies; Sea surface temperatures; time series analysis; Rainfall; Temperature; Simulation; Atmospheric circulation; equator; Oceans; Tropical environments; summer; plains; latitude; Assessments; Jets; Climates; Model Studies; USA; ASW, South America; ISW, India; USA, Great Plains; ANE, Europe; Australia; AN, North Atlantic; IS, Tropical Pacific; Freshwater; Brackish; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009JCLI3291.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Embryo biometry of three broadcast spawning euphausiid species applied to identify cross-shelf and seasonal spawning patterns along the Oregon coast AN - 746013384; 12953324 AB - Morphology and biometry of eggs spawned by females of Euphausia pacifica, Thysanoessa spinifera and Thysanoessa inspinata were compared with eggs collected along the Oregon coast to identify the eggs in preserved samples to species level and to infer species spawning areas and intensity of spawning events in the field. The average chorion diameter (CD) and embryo diameter (ED) were significantly larger for E. pacifica than for T. spinifera. Euphausia pacifica eggs usually have a significantly greater perivitelline space, and the chorion is firm, transparent, smooth, elastic and completely spherical, while T. spinifera embryos are not completely spherical and typically are soft and sticky with particles attached. Eggs of the twitching stage embryo of T. spinifera have an elliptical shape, while those of E. pacifica are spherical to very slightly elliptical even after hatching as nauplii. The CD and ED of T. inspinata eggs were smaller than those of the other two species and they were transparent and spherical with a non-sticky chorion. Biweekly time series of eggs (identified to species), of nauplii + metanauplii and of ripe females collected along the Newport hydrographic line (4440'N) during 1970-1972 show that E. pacifica and T. spinifera spawn mainly <40 km from the coast from March to October, but E. pacifica also spawns regularly at oceanic locations. A meta-analysis of the egg CD and ED values of 38 euphausiid species around the world indicates that these variables alone cannot be used to identify eggs to species, excepting specific regions where one or two broadcast spawners dominate the euphausiid assemblage. JF - Journal of Plankton Research AU - Gomez-Gutierrez, Jaime AU - Peterson, William T AU - Miller, Charles B AD - NOAA/NMFS, Hatfield Marine Science Center, 2030 South Marine Science Drive, Newport, OR 97365, USA, jagomezg@ipn.mx Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - Jun 2010 SP - 739 EP - 760 PB - Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals, Great Clarendon Street Oxford OX2 6DP UK VL - 32 IS - 6 SN - 0142-7873, 0142-7873 KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - euphausiid KW - eggs KW - biometry KW - krill KW - embryos KW - chorion KW - perivitelline space KW - Marine KW - Plankton surveys KW - Spawning populations KW - Zooplankton KW - Euphausia pacifica KW - Spawning KW - Population dynamics KW - Thysanoessa spinifera KW - Eggs KW - INE, USA, Oregon KW - Community composition KW - Twitching KW - Reviews KW - Thysanoessa inspinata KW - Embryos KW - Chorion KW - Hatching KW - Plankton KW - Coasts KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Y 25020:Territory, Reproduction and Sociality KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08442:Population dynamics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746013384?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Plankton+Research&rft.atitle=Embryo+biometry+of+three+broadcast+spawning+euphausiid+species+applied+to+identify+cross-shelf+and+seasonal+spawning+patterns+along+the+Oregon+coast&rft.au=Gomez-Gutierrez%2C+Jaime%3BPeterson%2C+William+T%3BMiller%2C+Charles+B&rft.aulast=Gomez-Gutierrez&rft.aufirst=Jaime&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=739&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Plankton+Research&rft.issn=01427873&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fplankt%2Ffbq028 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Plankton surveys; Community composition; Spawning populations; Zooplankton; Embryos; Population dynamics; Twitching; Reviews; Spawning; Chorion; Hatching; Plankton; Eggs; Coasts; Thysanoessa inspinata; Euphausia pacifica; Thysanoessa spinifera; INE, USA, Oregon; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbq028 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Impact of Extratropical Atmospheric Variability on ENSO: Testing the Seasonal Footprinting Mechanism Using Coupled Model Experiments AN - 746010977; 13137458 AB - Previous studies suggest that extratropical atmospheric variability influences the tropics via the seasonal footprinting mechanism (SFM), in which fluctuations in the North Pacific Oscillation (NPO) impact the ocean via surface heat fluxes during winter and the resulting springtime subtropical SST anomalies alter the atmosphere-ocean system over the tropics in the following summer, fall, and winter. Here, the authors test the SFM hypothesis by imposing NPO-related surface heat flux forcing in an atmospheric GCM coupled to a reduced gravity ocean model in the tropics and a slab ocean in the extratropics. The forcing is only imposed through the first winter, and then the model is free to evolve through the following winter. The evolution of the coupled model response to the forcing is consistent with the SFM hypothesis: the NPO-driven surface fluxes cause positive SST anomalies to form in the central and eastern subtropics during winter; these anomalies propagate toward the equator along with westerly wind anomalies during spring, reach the equator in summer, and then amplify, which leads to an ENSO event in the following winter. The anomalies reach the equator through a combination of thermodynamically coupled air-sea interactions, namely, the wind-evaporation-SST (WES) feedback and equatorial ocean dynamics. The initial off-equatorial anomaly propagates toward the equator through a relaxation of the climatological easterly winds south of the dominant SST anomalies, which leads to a reduction in upward latent heat flux. These westerly anomalies reach the equator during boreal summer, where they can excite downwelling equatorial Kelvin waves. The connection between off-equatorial variations and tropical ENSO-like conditions may also occur via the excitation of westward-propagating equatorial Rossby waves during spring, which reflect off of the western boundary as Kelvin waves, depressing the thermocline in the eastern Pacific during the following summer. NPO-related anomalies that form during the first winter in the tropical Pacific may also contribute to the development of an El Nino event in the following winter. The imposition of the NPO-related forcing caused warming in the ENSO region in 70% of the ensemble of 60 simulations; therefore, the response depends on the state of the tropical atmosphere-ocean system. For years where the control simulation was poised to develop into a neutral or negative ENSO event, the addition of the NPO heat fluxes tended to cause anomalous warming in the tropical Pacific in the following fall/winter; if the control was heading toward a warm ENSO event, the imposition of NPO forcing tends to reduce the amplitude of that event. JF - Journal of Climate AU - Alexander, Michael A AU - Vimont, Daniel J AU - Chang, Ping AU - Scott, James D AD - NOAA/Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado, michael.alexander@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - June 2010 SP - 2885 EP - 2901 PB - American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St. Boston MA 02108-3693 USA VL - 23 IS - 11 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - ENSO KW - Extratropics KW - Coupled models KW - Sea surface temperature KW - Atmosphere-ocean interaction KW - Rossby waves KW - North Pacific Oscillation KW - Ocean models KW - Climate change KW - Westerlies KW - IS, Tropical Pacific KW - Sea surface temperature anomalies KW - IN, North Pacific KW - El Nino events KW - Air-sea coupling KW - Surface fluxes KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Sea surface temperatures KW - El Nino phenomena KW - Marine KW - Heat flux KW - Climate models KW - Downwelling KW - Atmospheric variability KW - Planetary waves KW - Easterly winds KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - Southern Oscillation KW - Air-sea interaction KW - Heat flux over oceans KW - Wind anomalies KW - Atmosphere-ocean coupled models KW - Numerical simulations KW - General circulation models KW - El Nino-Southern Oscillation event KW - Atmospheric forcing KW - Ocean-atmosphere relationships KW - Latent heat flux KW - Thermocline KW - Kelvin waves KW - M2 551.588:Environmental Influences (551.588) KW - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling KW - O 2070:Meteorology KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746010977?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=The+Impact+of+Extratropical+Atmospheric+Variability+on+ENSO%3A+Testing+the+Seasonal+Footprinting+Mechanism+Using+Coupled+Model+Experiments&rft.au=Alexander%2C+Michael+A%3BVimont%2C+Daniel+J%3BChang%2C+Ping%3BScott%2C+James+D&rft.aulast=Alexander&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2885&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2010JCLI3205.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Number of references - 72 N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Downwelling; Planetary waves; Climate change; Westerlies; Atmospheric circulation; Ecosystem disturbance; Southern Oscillation; Air-sea interaction; Air-sea coupling; Atmospheric forcing; Ocean-atmosphere system; Kelvin waves; El Nino phenomena; Rossby waves; Heat flux; North Pacific Oscillation; Climate models; Atmospheric variability; Ocean models; Easterly winds; Wind anomalies; Heat flux over oceans; Sea surface temperature anomalies; Atmosphere-ocean coupled models; El Nino events; Numerical simulations; General circulation models; El Nino-Southern Oscillation event; Surface fluxes; Ocean-atmosphere relationships; Thermocline; Latent heat flux; Sea surface temperatures; IN, North Pacific; IS, Tropical Pacific; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JCLI3205.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Genetic and Phenetic Baseline before the Recolonization of Steelhead above Howard Hanson Dam, Green River, Washington AN - 745940864; 13206272 AB - In 2011, steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss (anadromous rainbow trout) will be systematically transported above Howard Hanson Dam, Green River, Washington. We are interested in providing data to help manage the stock of fish that are selected to recolonize the upper river and to track how resident rainbow trout above the dam respond genetically after 80 years of isolation. We characterized relevant gene pools in the upper Green River before fish transportation with 11 microsatellite loci to evaluate the genetic variability within and among collections. We also examined morphometric and coloration patterns as potential indicators of adaptive variation. Hatchery steelhead are clearly different from wild steelhead (F sub(ST) = 0.037); genetic assignment tests correctly distinguished 91% of the steelhead. While there was no reduction in the amount of genetic variability in the resident rainbow trout above Howard Hanson Dam compared with that of wild steelhead collections below the dam, the two groups had low but statistically significant differences (F sub(ST) = 0.03). The transport of juvenile and adult steelhead above the dam in the last 20 years may have affected these genetic results. Two collections of hatchery rainbow trout were highly differentiated from all other collections, and a STRUCTURE analysis indicated that there was no introgression of their genes into Green River fish. Morphologically, significant differences were seen between juvenile resident rainbow trout and steelhead. Resident trout had a stout caudal peduncle and more parr marks, whereas juvenile steelhead had a more elongate tail and fewer parr marks. Given these genetic and phenetic measures of differentiation, managers can monitor and screen the upstream passage of steelhead, and will be able evaluate the level of participation of resident rainbow trout gene pools in the recolonization event. JF - North American Journal of Fisheries Management AU - Winans, Gary A AU - Baird, Melissa C AU - Baker, Jon AD - National Marine Fisheries Service, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, 2725 Montlake Boulevard East, Seattle, Washington 98112, USA, gary.winans@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - Jun 2010 SP - 742 EP - 756 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA VL - 30 IS - 3 SN - 0275-5947, 0275-5947 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Variability KW - Gene pool KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Anadromous species KW - Fish Hatcheries KW - Statistical analysis KW - Pools KW - Genotypes KW - Freshwater KW - Isolation KW - recolonization KW - USA, Washington KW - Differentiation KW - upstream KW - Transportation KW - Coloration KW - Dams KW - River basin management KW - Phylogenetics KW - Rivers KW - Data processing KW - Recolonization KW - Microsatellites KW - Genetic isolation KW - Oncorhynchus mykiss KW - fishery management KW - Hatcheries KW - Trout KW - Morphometry KW - DNA KW - Fish KW - Q1 08443:Population genetics KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - SW 6010:Structures KW - O 1080:Multi-disciplinary Studies KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745940864?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.atitle=A+Genetic+and+Phenetic+Baseline+before+the+Recolonization+of+Steelhead+above+Howard+Hanson+Dam%2C+Green+River%2C+Washington&rft.au=Winans%2C+Gary+A%3BBaird%2C+Melissa+C%3BBaker%2C+Jon&rft.aulast=Winans&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=742&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.issn=02755947&rft_id=info:doi/10.1577%2FM09-119.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Morphometry; Anadromous species; Nucleotide sequence; DNA; Genetic isolation; Genotypes; River basin management; Phylogenetics; Hatcheries; Rivers; Differentiation; Data processing; Coloration; Gene pool; Recolonization; Statistical analysis; Microsatellites; upstream; Transportation; fishery management; Fish; recolonization; Variability; Dams; Trout; Fish Hatcheries; Pools; Isolation; Oncorhynchus mykiss; USA, Washington; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M09-119.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization and Expression of Nuclear-Encoded Polyketide Synthases in the Brevetoxin-Producing Dionflagellate Karenia brevis AN - 745939160; 13059382 AB - The dinoflagellate Karenia brevis (C. C. Davis) Gert Hansen et Moestrup produces a suite of brevetoxins, potent neurotoxins that have adverse effects on marine animal and human health. Brevetoxins are polyketides proposed to be synthesized by polyketide synthases (PKSs), and genes for type I PKSs have been predicted by PCR and transcript analysis. However, the full-length transcripts in K. brevis predict an unusual protein structure for type I PKS in that individual transcripts encode for single catalytic domains. In this study, we developed peptide antibodies to in silico translated transcripts for two PKS proteins to characterize their expression and localization. Immunoreactive proteins identified by Western blotting at 40 kDa (KR domain) and 100 kDa (KS domain) are consistent with the sizes predicted by the full-length transcripts. Immunolocalization and Western blot analysis indicate that these PKSs are associated with the chloroplasts. In order to establish evidence for a role in brevetoxin biosynthesis, PKS transcript and protein levels were examined in a 'nontoxic'K. brevis substrain and its parental toxic isolate, K. brevis Wilson. DNA microarray analysis of the global transcript profiles in the 'nontoxic' isolate showed that 67% of transcripts were differentially expressed, including photosystem genes; however, no difference was observed in PKS transcript abundance. By contrast, KS domain proteins were 55%-70% less abundant in 'nontoxic'K. brevis cultures compared to toxic cultures. This finding suggests that K. brevis PKS expression is regulated posttranscriptionally, like many other processes in dinoflagellates. Further, the decrease in PKS protein abundance in the 'nontoxic' cultures provides correlative evidence for their involvement in brevetoxin biosynthesis. JF - Journal of Phycology AU - Monroe, Emily A AU - Johnson, Jillian G AU - Wang, Zhihong AU - Pierce, Richard K AU - Van Dolah, Frances M AD - *Marine Biotoxins Program, NOAA Center for Coastal and Environmental Health and Biomolecular Research, 219 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, South Carolina 29412, USAMarine Biomedicine and Environmental Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 221 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, South Carolina 29412, USA 1 Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - Jun 2010 SP - 541 EP - 552 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 46 IS - 3 SN - 0022-3646, 0022-3646 KW - ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - Phytoplankton KW - Population dynamics KW - DNA microarrays KW - Public health KW - Protein structure KW - Dinoflagellates KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - Marine KW - Western blotting KW - Biosynthesis KW - Polyketide synthase KW - Transcription KW - Chloroplasts KW - Photosystem KW - Antibodies KW - Brevetoxins KW - polyketides KW - DNA KW - Marine organisms KW - Karenia brevis KW - Neurotoxins KW - Side effects KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - Q1 08481:Productivity KW - K 03310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - Q3 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745939160?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Phycology&rft.atitle=Characterization+and+Expression+of+Nuclear-Encoded+Polyketide+Synthases+in+the+Brevetoxin-Producing+Dionflagellate+Karenia+brevis&rft.au=Monroe%2C+Emily+A%3BJohnson%2C+Jillian+G%3BWang%2C+Zhihong%3BPierce%2C+Richard+K%3BVan+Dolah%2C+Frances+M&rft.aulast=Monroe&rft.aufirst=Emily&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=541&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Phycology&rft.issn=00223646&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1529-8817.2010.00837.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 41 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biosynthesis; Antibodies; Nucleotide sequence; DNA; Polymerase chain reaction; Phytoplankton; Chloroplasts; Population dynamics; Neurotoxins; Public health; Western blotting; Polyketide synthase; Transcription; DNA microarrays; Photosystem; Protein structure; Brevetoxins; polyketides; Dinoflagellates; Marine organisms; Side effects; Karenia brevis; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2010.00837.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Population estimation of bocaccio (Sebastes paucispinis) based on larval production AN - 745937953; 12936769 AB - We estimate the stock size of bocaccio (Sebastes paucispinis) in the Southern California Bight based on the production of larvae. Area-weighted total length compositions of preflexion larvae in 2002 and 2003 were determined from ichthyoplankton survey data. Larval length-to-age transition matrices were estimated from data derived from the enumeration of daily otolith increments. In combination, these results were used to estimate daily rates of larval production and mortality during surveys conducted in those years. Daily rates of larval production were expanded to annual production rates using information developed from the long-term seasonal distribution of larvae in CalCOFI surveys. Total annual larval production was translated to total spawning biomass by calculation of the female population weight-specific fecundity derived from a length-based life table analysis of adult reproductive parameters. Our results indicate that there were 6953 - 10 656 metric tons of bocaccio biomass (males and females >16 cm fork length) in the Southern California Bight during the survey years, which agrees with biomass estimates from a traditional stock assessment. Unique and problematic aspects of the reproductive biology of Sebastes are discussed, including multiple spawning, weight-specific fecundity that depends on size, and bias in fecundity data gathered from vitellogenic ovaries.Original Abstract: Nous estimons la taille du stock des bocaccios (Sebastes paucispinis) dans le golfe de la Californie du Sud d'apres la production des larves. Les comparaisons des compositions des longueurs totales des larves a l'etape preflexion, ponderees en fonction de la surface, en 2002 et en 2003 se basent sur des donnees d'inventaire de l'ichtyoplancton. Nous avons estime les matrices de transition des longueurs des larves en fonction de l'age a partir de donnees obtenues de l'enumeration des increments journaliers des otolithes. Ces resultats combines ont servi a estimer les taux journaliers de production et de mortalite des larves durant les inventaires faits au cours de ces annees. Les taux journaliers de production larvaire ont ete elargis aux taux annuels de production en utilisant des donnees sur la repartition saisonniere a long terme des larves dans les inventaires CalCOFI. La production totale annuelle des larves a ete transformee en biomasse totale des reproducteurs en calculant la fecondite de la population femelle en fonction de la masse, derivee de l'analyse d'une table demographique des parametres reproductifs adultes basee sur la longueur. Nos resultats indiquent qu'il y avait 6 953 - 10 565 tonnes metriques de biomasse de bocaccios (males et femelles de longueur a la fourche >16 cm) dans le golfe de la Californie du Sud durant les annees d'inventaire, ce qui est en accord avec les estimations de biomasse faites par les methodes habituelles d'estimation des stocks. Nous discutons des aspects speciaux et problematiques de la biologie de la reproduction des Sebastes, en particulier la fraie multiple, la fecondite specifique a la masse dependante de la taille et l'erreur dans les donnees de fecondite obtenues a partir des ovaires vitellogenes. JF - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences/Journal Canadien des Sciences Halieutiques et Aquatiques AU - Ralston, Stephen AU - MacFarlane, Bruce R AD - Fisheries Ecology Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, 110 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA., Steve.Ralston@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - Jun 2010 SP - 1005 EP - 1020 PB - NRC Research Press, 1200 Montreal Rd, Bldg M-55, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada, Tel.: 613-993-9084, 613-990-7873 or 1-800-668-1222 (Canada and U.S.), Fax: 613-952-7656 Ottawa ON K1A 0R6 Canada VL - 67 IS - 6 SN - 0706-652X, 0706-652X KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - Data processing KW - Ichthyoplankton KW - Life tables KW - Stock assessment KW - INE, USA, California, Southern California Bight KW - Seasonal distribution KW - Spawning KW - Biomass KW - Larval development KW - Sebastes paucispinis KW - Fish larvae KW - Fecundity KW - Otoliths KW - Body size KW - Ichthyoplankton surveys KW - Mortality causes KW - Sebastes KW - Q1 08441:Population structure KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745937953?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences%2FJournal+Canadien+des+Sciences+Halieutiques+et+Aquatiques&rft.atitle=Population+estimation+of+bocaccio+%28Sebastes+paucispinis%29+based+on+larval+production&rft.au=Ralston%2C+Stephen%3BMacFarlane%2C+Bruce+R&rft.aulast=Ralston&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1005&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences%2FJournal+Canadien+des+Sciences+Halieutiques+et+Aquatiques&rft.issn=0706652X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1139%2FF10-039 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - Last updated - 2015-02-12 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Otoliths; Fecundity; Stock assessment; Body size; Ichthyoplankton surveys; Seasonal distribution; Larval development; Fish larvae; Mortality causes; Mortality; Data processing; Ichthyoplankton; Life tables; Spawning; Biomass; Sebastes paucispinis; Sebastes; INE, USA, California, Southern California Bight DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/F10-039 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recall Bias in a Sportfishing Mail Survey AN - 745732036; 13206283 AB - Information on sportfishing activity is often collected through mail and telephone surveys. These surveys may rely on a respondent's memories of a previous year's activity, which are subject to recall errors. Limited research has been conducted to quantify the possible bias caused by recall periods less than 1 year. Data from a 1982 mail survey of registered Texas boat owners were used to determine whether estimated saltwater sport boat fishing effort differed based on recall periods of 1 month and 1 year. The mean annual number of days of saltwater fishing per registered boat owner was statistically similar for the two recall periods although variances were statistically different. However, the number of days of saltwater fishing was about 7.5 times higher for coastal county residents than for inland county residents. The pattern of use among boat access types and fishing areas was generally similar between coastal and inland county residents within each recall period. However, the estimated number of days each access type was used and the reported number of days each area was fished were significantly different between the two recall periods. Saltwater fishing participation estimates based on a 1-year recall could be adjusted using the relationship between the two recall periods to improve accuracy and precision of estimates and to reduce sampling costs. Fisheries managers could more effectively monitor changes in fishing activity for possible development of forecasting models. JF - North American Journal of Fisheries Management AU - Osborn, Maury F AU - Matlock, Gary C AD - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, 1305 East West Highway, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, USA, Gary.C.Matlock@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - Jun 2010 SP - 665 EP - 670 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA VL - 30 IS - 3 SN - 0275-5947, 0275-5947 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Prediction KW - Biological surveys KW - Fishing vessels KW - Data processing KW - boats KW - fishery management KW - Sports KW - ASW, USA, Texas KW - Boats KW - Memory KW - Fishery management KW - Fisheries KW - Fishing effort KW - fishing KW - Sampling KW - O 5080:Legal/Governmental KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745732036?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.atitle=Recall+Bias+in+a+Sportfishing+Mail+Survey&rft.au=Osborn%2C+Maury+F%3BMatlock%2C+Gary+C&rft.aulast=Osborn&rft.aufirst=Maury&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=665&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.issn=02755947&rft_id=info:doi/10.1577%2FM09-196.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological surveys; Prediction; Fishing vessels; Fishery management; Fishing effort; Memory; Boats; Data processing; Fisheries; Sampling; Sports; boats; fishery management; fishing; ASW, USA, Texas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M09-196.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Time, Temperature, and Depth Profiles for a Loggerhead Sea Turtle (Caretta caretta) Captured with a Pelagic Longline AN - 745723500; 13197889 AB - During a pelagic longline pilot study conducted by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, Mississippi Laboratories along the US Atlantic Ocean coast (NOAA Ship OREGON II OT-06-02-269), a Caretta caretta (Loggerhead Sea Turtle) was captured with longline gear equipped with time-temperature-depth recorders attached in proximity to hooks. Time-temperature-depth data documented changes in hook depth and water temperature, and reflected behavior of the Loggerhead Sea Turtle (rates of descent and ascent, time at depth, time near surface). Sea turtle mortality mitigation recommendations for pelagic longline gear proved effective for this Loggerhead Sea Turtle capture since there were successive ascents to surface, and the viability status was good after landing. JF - Southeastern Naturalist AU - Grace, Mark A AU - Watson, John AU - Foster, Dan Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - Jun 2010 SP - 191 EP - 200 PB - Humboldt Field Research Institute, PO Box 9 Steuben ME 04680-0009 USA VL - 9 IS - 2 SN - 1528-7092, 1528-7092 KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Temperature effects KW - Marine fisheries KW - Marine KW - Mortality KW - Data processing KW - Pelagic fisheries KW - Aquatic reptiles KW - Longlining KW - Caretta caretta KW - Water temperature KW - Landing statistics KW - INE, USA, Oregon KW - ASW, USA, Mississippi KW - Fishery management KW - Oceans KW - Fisheries KW - Mortality causes KW - Coasts KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08442:Population dynamics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745723500?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Southeastern+Naturalist&rft.atitle=Time%2C+Temperature%2C+and+Depth+Profiles+for+a+Loggerhead+Sea+Turtle+%28Caretta+caretta%29+Captured+with+a+Pelagic+Longline&rft.au=Grace%2C+Mark+A%3BWatson%2C+John%3BFoster%2C+Dan&rft.aulast=Grace&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Southeastern+Naturalist&rft.issn=15287092&rft_id=info:doi/10.1656%2F058.009.0201 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fisheries; Landing statistics; Fishery management; Pelagic fisheries; Longlining; Aquatic reptiles; Water temperature; Mortality causes; Temperature effects; Mortality; Data processing; Oceans; Fisheries; Coasts; Caretta caretta; INE, USA, Oregon; ASW, USA, Mississippi; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1656/058.009.0201 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Did the Texas Closure Increase Brown Shrimp Catches off Texas? AN - 745723160; 13206280 AB - The annual catch of brown shrimp Farfantepenaeus aztecus off Texas is forecasted by the National Marine Fisheries Service using a model that relates spring (April-June) juvenile abundance in Galveston Bay to subsequent offshore catch (July to the following June). The model is not well documented, nor has it been used rigorously to examine the success of management actions in enhancing the fishery. State and federal agencies use an areal closure of Gulf of Mexico waters deeper than 4 fathoms from late May to early July to increase shrimp abundance, catch, and value by delaying the harvest of emigrating juvenile shrimp. This study reports a preclosure (1960-1980) regression that explained over 70% of the variation in offshore Texas catches as a function of the juvenile abundance index from Galveston Bay. Positive effects of the closure-in terms of increasing the catch for a given level of juvenile abundance in 1981-2007-were not found in this study. However, the utility of the relationship between the juvenile abundance index and catch as a forecasting tool continued through 2007, but with less precision than in the preclosure regression. JF - North American Journal of Fisheries Management AU - Matlock, Gary C AD - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, 1305 East-West Highway, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, USA, gary.c.matlock@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - Jun 2010 SP - 799 EP - 804 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA VL - 30 IS - 3 SN - 0275-5947, 0275-5947 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Marine fisheries KW - Marine KW - catches KW - Decapoda KW - Abundance KW - fishery management KW - Catch statistics KW - Population dynamics KW - ASW, USA, Texas, Galveston Bay KW - Farfantepenaeus aztecus KW - Models KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - marine fisheries KW - Fishery management KW - Fisheries KW - Shrimp fisheries KW - Marine crustaceans KW - abundance KW - O 5080:Legal/Governmental KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745723160?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.atitle=Did+the+Texas+Closure+Increase+Brown+Shrimp+Catches+off+Texas%3F&rft.au=Matlock%2C+Gary+C&rft.aulast=Matlock&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=799&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.issn=02755947&rft_id=info:doi/10.1577%2FM09-177.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fisheries; Fishery management; Shrimp fisheries; Catch statistics; Population dynamics; Marine crustaceans; Fisheries; Abundance; Models; marine fisheries; catches; fishery management; abundance; Decapoda; Farfantepenaeus aztecus; ASW, Mexico Gulf; ASW, USA, Texas, Galveston Bay; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M09-177.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Abundance and Chemical Speciation of Phosphorus in Sediments of the Mackenzie River Delta, the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea: Importance of Detrital Apatite AN - 745712369; 12850055 AB - Utilizing a sequential extraction technique this study provides the first quantitative analysis on the abundance of sedimentary phosphorus and its partitioning between chemically distinguishable phases in sediments of the Bering Sea, the Chukchi Sea and the Mackenzie River Delta in the western Arctic Ocean. Total sedimentary phosphorus (TSP) was fractionated into five operationally defined phases: (1) adsorbed inorganic and exchangeable organic phosphorus, (2) Fe-bound inorganic phosphorus, (3) authigenic carbonate fluorapatite, biogenic apatite and calcium carbonate-bound inorganic and organic phosphorus, (4) detrital apatite, and (5) refractory organic phosphorus. TSP concentrations in surface sediments increased from the Chukchi Sea (18kmolg super(-1) of dried sediments) to the Bering Sea (22kmolg super(-1) ) and to the Mackenzie River Delta (29kmolg super(-1) ). Among the five pools, detrital apatite phosphorus of igneous or metamorphic origin represents the largest fraction (~43%) of TSP. The second largest pool is the authigenic carbonate fluorapatite, biogenic apatite as well as CaCO sub(3) associated phosphorus (~24% of TSP), followed by the Fe-bound inorganic phosphorus, representing ~20% of TSP. The refractory organic P accounts for ~10% of TSP and the readily exchangeable adsorbed P accounts for only 3.5% of TSP. Inorganic phosphorus dominates all of phosphorus pools, accounting for an average of 87% of the TSP. Relatively high sedimentary organic carbon and total nitrogen contents and low d super(13)C values in the Mackenzie River Delta together with the dominance of detrital apatite in the TSP demonstrate the importance of riverine inputs in governing the abundance and speciation of sedimentary phosphorus in the Arctic coastal sediments. JF - Aquatic Geochemistry AU - Zhang, Jia-Zhong AU - Guo, Laodong AU - Fischer, Charles J AD - Ocean Chemistry Division, Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL, 33149, USA Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - Jun 2010 SP - 353 EP - 371 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 1380-6165, 1380-6165 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - INE, Chukchi Sea KW - Speciation KW - Fluvial Sediments KW - Organic carbon KW - Carbon isotopes KW - Phosphorus KW - Pools KW - Deltas KW - Freshwater KW - Chemical speciation KW - Canada, Northwest Terr., Mackenzie R. KW - Apatite KW - Arctic KW - Organic phosphorus KW - Rivers KW - Marine KW - PN, Arctic Ocean KW - Sediment chemistry KW - Carbonates KW - Brackish KW - Accounting KW - IN, Bering Sea KW - Biogenic deposits KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents KW - Q2 09264:Sediments and sedimentation KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - O 3050:Sediment Dynamics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745712369?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Abundance+and+Chemical+Speciation+of+Phosphorus+in+Sediments+of+the+Mackenzie+River+Delta%2C+the+Chukchi+Sea+and+the+Bering+Sea%3A+Importance+of+Detrital+Apatite&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Jia-Zhong%3BGuo%2C+Laodong%3BFischer%2C+Charles+J&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Jia-Zhong&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=353&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Geochemistry&rft.issn=13806165&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10498-009-9081-4 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Sediment chemistry; Chemical speciation; Carbon isotopes; Organic carbon; Apatite; Biogenic deposits; Deltas; Organic phosphorus; Speciation; Carbonates; Fluvial Sediments; Phosphorus; Pools; Accounting; Arctic; PN, Arctic Ocean; INE, Chukchi Sea; IN, Bering Sea; Canada, Northwest Terr., Mackenzie R.; Freshwater; Brackish; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10498-009-9081-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Magnitude and Causes of Smolt Mortality in Rotary Screw Traps: an Atlantic Salmon Case Study AN - 745708062; 13206282 AB - Rotary screw traps (RSTs) are commonly used for collecting and holding fish swimming downstream. We used these traps to collect Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolts from multiple rivers draining to the Gulf of Maine from 1996 to 2008. Limited prior evaluations suggest that RSTs cause only minimal mortality, but detailed evaluation of the potential for negative impacts specific to Atlantic salmon and other smolts has not occurred. There are concerns that RSTs contribute to smolt mortality via physical injury during collection or via exposure to stressful holding conditions within RST live-cars. We evaluated the magnitude and causes of mortality associated with our use of RSTs and recorded the water temperatures and velocities present within the live-cars at the times smolts were moving downstream. Of the 24,675 Atlantic salmon smolts collected, 48 (0.2%) were classified as trap-caused mortalities. The most frequent causes of death were physical injuries associated with the clogging of traps with debris and overcrowding of the live-cars. Water velocities within the live-cars ranged from 0.09 to 0.57 m/s, and mean velocities never exceeded the published tolerance limits for Atlantic salmon smolts. The seasonal water temperatures within the live-cars (range, 4.2-20.8C) were not significantly different from those of the water columns (4.3-21.0C) adjacent to the traps. Our analysis suggests that, under typical operations, RSTs represent a minimal threat to Atlantic salmon smolts, and we present methods to further reduce the risk. JF - North American Journal of Fisheries Management AU - Music, Paul A AU - Hawkes, James P AU - Cooperman, Michael S AD - National Marine Fisheries Service, Northeast Fisheries Science Center, Maine Field Station, 17 Godfrey Drive, Suite 1, Orono, Maine 04473, USA, paul.music@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - Jun 2010 SP - 713 EP - 722 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. Bethesda MD 20814-2199 USA VL - 30 IS - 3 SN - 0275-5947, 0275-5947 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Smolt KW - Water Temperature KW - Injuries KW - ANW, USA, Maine Gulf KW - Anadromous species KW - Freshwater KW - Water column KW - Evaluation KW - risk reduction KW - Fishery management KW - Seasonal variations KW - Salmon KW - Rivers KW - Smolts KW - Brackish KW - Water temperature KW - Salmo salar KW - salmon KW - Traps KW - Fish KW - Overcrowding KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Fisheries KW - smolts KW - Downstream KW - Marine KW - Mortality KW - Swimming KW - Water velocity KW - Velocity KW - fishery management KW - case studies KW - Risk KW - downstream KW - water column KW - water temperature KW - overcrowding KW - Mortality causes KW - Temperature tolerance KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - O 5080:Legal/Governmental KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745708062?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.atitle=Magnitude+and+Causes+of+Smolt+Mortality+in+Rotary+Screw+Traps%3A+an+Atlantic+Salmon+Case+Study&rft.au=Music%2C+Paul+A%3BHawkes%2C+James+P%3BCooperman%2C+Michael+S&rft.aulast=Music&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=713&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.issn=02755947&rft_id=info:doi/10.1577%2FM09-181.1 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fishery management; Injuries; Anadromous species; Smolts; Overcrowding; Mortality causes; Temperature tolerance; Rivers; Mortality; Swimming; Water velocity; Traps; Water temperature; Water column; Velocity; fishery management; case studies; risk reduction; Sulfur dioxide; smolts; downstream; salmon; water column; Fish; water temperature; Seasonal variations; overcrowding; Evaluation; Salmon; Risk; Smolt; Water Temperature; Fisheries; Downstream; Salmo salar; ANW, USA, Maine Gulf; Freshwater; Brackish; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M09-181.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Descriptive and mechanistic toxicity of conazole fungicides using the model test alga Dunaliella tertiolecta (chlorophyceae) AN - 744721023; 13159496 AB - Conazole fungicides are commonly used to prevent fungal growth on turf grass and agricultural crops. As many of these sites are adjacent to coastal waterways and estuaries, there exists the potential for nontarget effects of runoff on marine organisms. This study reports 96 h EC50 values for four selected conazole fungicides (triadimefon = 5.98 mg/L; triadimenol = 5.51 mg/L; propiconazole = 2.33 mg/L; hexaconazole = 0.91 mg/L) to the model test alga Dunaliella tertiolecta. We further investigated possible mechanisms of toxicity by examining sublethal effects of exposure on cell morphology, osmoregulatory function, and lipid composition. These mechanistic studies revealed that conazole exposure does not inhibit synthesis of the cell's glycerol osmolyte, but does result in an overall increase in cellular volume and total lipid content. Both fungi and chlorophytes rely on ergosterol to maintain membrane structure and fluidity, and we provide evidence that the sterol-inhibiting conazoles may interfere with ergosterol biosynthesis in the cell membrane of Dunaliella. These findings suggest that green algae may be especially susceptible to nontarget effects of sterol-inhibiting fungicides in marine systems. Published 2009 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 2010. JF - Environmental Toxicology AU - Baird, Thomas D AU - Delorenzo, Marie E AD - Grice Marine Biological Laboratory, College of Charleston, 205 Fort Johnson Rd., Charleston, South Carolina 29412, USA, marie.delorenzo@noaa.gov PY - 2010 SP - 213 EP - 220 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 25 IS - 3 SN - 1520-4081, 1520-4081 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Crops KW - Osmoregulation KW - Exposure KW - Lipid composition KW - cell morphology KW - sublethal effects KW - Cytology KW - triadimefon KW - Algae KW - Biosynthesis KW - Membranes KW - Fluidity KW - Fungi KW - Membrane structure KW - Estuaries KW - turf KW - Model Studies KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - propiconazole KW - Chlorophyceae KW - Runoff KW - Triadimenol KW - Grasses KW - Lipids KW - Model Testing KW - Cell membranes KW - Dunaliella tertiolecta KW - Toxicity KW - Turf KW - Dunaliella KW - Glycerol KW - Fungicides KW - Marine organisms KW - Ergosterol KW - A 01380:Plant Protection, Fungicides & Seed Treatments KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - K 03320:Cell Biology KW - X 24330:Agrochemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/744721023?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Descriptive+and+mechanistic+toxicity+of+conazole+fungicides+using+the+model+test+alga+Dunaliella+tertiolecta+%28chlorophyceae%29&rft.au=Baird%2C+Thomas+D%3BDelorenzo%2C+Marie+E&rft.aulast=Baird&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology&rft.issn=15204081&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Ftox.20493 L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122337899/abstract LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-01-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Triadimenol; Fluidity; Grasses; Membrane structure; Fungi; Estuaries; Turf; Toxicity; Osmoregulation; Crops; Glycerol; Cell membranes; Fungicides; Lipid composition; Cytology; Marine organisms; propiconazole; Ergosterol; triadimefon; Runoff; Algae; Biosynthesis; Membranes; Lipids; turf; cell morphology; sublethal effects; Exposure; Water Pollution Effects; Model Testing; Model Studies; Dunaliella tertiolecta; Chlorophyceae; Dunaliella DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tox.20493 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Personality Characteristic Adaptations: Multiracial Adolescents' Patterns of Racial Self-Identification Change AN - 743053275; 201045058 AB - For multiracial adolescents, forming a sense of self and identity can be complicated, even at the level of classifying themselves in terms of racial group membership. Using a Race Self Complexity (Winston et al., 2004) theoretical framework, this study used an open-ended question to examine the racial self-identification fluidity of 66 adolescents during the 7th, 8th, and 11th grades. This sample included 22 Black/White1 multiracial adolescents, as well as a matched sample of 22 Black and 22 White adolescents. Seventy-three percent of the multiracial adolescents changed their racial self-identification in the form of two time change patterns with a number of consolidating and differentiating racial self-identification variations. There was no change for the monoracial adolescents. These results suggest that within the lives of multiracial adolescents, the process of racial self-identification may be a personality characteristic adaptation to the meaning of race in American society that may change across time, place, and role. Adapted from the source document. JF - Journal of Research on Adolescence AU - Terry, Rodney L AU - Winston, Cynthia E AD - Howard University rodney.terry@census.gov Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - June 2010 SP - 432 EP - 455 PB - Blackwell Publishers, Malden MA VL - 20 IS - 2 SN - 1050-8392, 1050-8392 KW - Membership KW - Black White Relations KW - Personality KW - Race KW - Ethnic Identity KW - Adolescents KW - article KW - 1939: the family and socialization; adolescence & youth UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/743053275?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Research+on+Adolescence&rft.atitle=Personality+Characteristic+Adaptations%3A+Multiracial+Adolescents%27+Patterns+of+Racial+Self-Identification+Change&rft.au=Terry%2C+Rodney+L%3BWinston%2C+Cynthia+E&rft.aulast=Terry&rft.aufirst=Rodney&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=432&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Research+on+Adolescence&rft.issn=10508392&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1532-7795.2010.00638.x LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-21 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - JRADET N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adolescents; Race; Personality; Black White Relations; Membership; Ethnic Identity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-7795.2010.00638.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rationales and mechanisms for revitalizing US manufacturing R&D strategies AN - 742950122; 2010-561499 AB - The race to economic superiority is increasingly occurring on a global scale. Competitors from different countries are employing new types of growth strategies in attempts to win that race. The United States cannot, therefore, continue to rely on outdated economic growth strategies, which include an inability to understand the complexity of the typical industrial technology and the synergies among tiers in high-tech supply chains. In this context, a detailed rationale is provided for maintaining a viable domestic technology-based manufacturing capability. In the United States, the still dominant neoclassical economic philosophy is at best ambivalent on the issue of whether a technology-based economy should attempt to remain competitive in manufacturing or let this sector continue to offshore in response to trends in comparative advantage, as revealed through shifts in relative prices. The paper argues that the neoclassical view is inaccurate and that a new innovation model is required to guide economic growth policy. Specifically, the paper provides (1) a rationale for why an advanced economy such as the United States needs a manufacturing sector; (2) examples of the process of deterioration of competitive positions for individual industries and, more important, entire high-tech supply chains; (3) an explanation of the inadequacy of current economic models for rationalizing needed new policy strategies; and (4) a new economic framework for determining both policy mechanisms and targets for those mechanisms, with emphasis on the systems nature of modern technologies and the consequent requirement for public-private innovation ecosystems to develop and deliver these technologies. Several targets are suggested for major policy mechanisms. Adapted from the source document. JF - The Journal of Technology Transfer AU - Tassey, Gregory AD - National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA tassey@nist.gov Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - June 2010 SP - 283 EP - 333 PB - Springer, Dordrecht The Netherlands VL - 35 IS - 3 SN - 0892-9912, 0892-9912 KW - Science and technology policy - Science and science policy and research KW - Manufacturing and heavy industry - Manufacturing and manufactured goods KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic policy, planning, and development KW - Trade and trade policy - Export-import trade KW - Economic conditions and policy - Economic research KW - Manufacturing and heavy industry - Industry and industrial policy KW - Environment and environmental policy - Ecology and environmental policy KW - Comparative advantage (commerce) KW - United States KW - Research and development KW - Economic models KW - Economic development KW - Manufacturing KW - Industry KW - article UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742950122?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apais&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Technology+Transfer&rft.atitle=Rationales+and+mechanisms+for+revitalizing+US+manufacturing+R%26amp%3BD+strategies&rft.au=Tassey%2C+Gregory&rft.aulast=Tassey&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+Technology+Transfer&rft.issn=08929912&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10961-009-9150-2 LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-21 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Research and development; Manufacturing; United States; Economic development; Comparative advantage (commerce); Economic models; Industry DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10961-009-9150-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical and physical structure of the hydrothermal plume at the ultramafic-hosted Logatchev hydrothermal field at 14 degrees 45'N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge AN - 742914701; 2010-055550 AB - The hydrothermal plume generated in deep waters above the Logatchev hydrothermal field (LHF) about 15 degrees N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge was investigated and mapped for its 3D distributions using a combination of in situ optical light scattering data, temperature and salinity data, as well as concentrations of hydrogen, methane, total dissolvable Fe, and total dissolvable Mn. Based on the results obtained for these meaningful parameters, we report the geochemical and physical characteristics of the fluids expelled from the ultramafic LHF and the chemical structure of its hydrothermal plume in the water column. The hydrothermal plume is sourced by at least seven distinct vent sites and possibly additional diffusive fluid and gas discharge. It comprises a water body characterized by strong nephelometric anomalies (expressed as Delta NTU, nephelometric turbidity units) and high concentrations of Fe and Mn (>5 times seawater concentration), and the gas plume with several times the H (sub 2) and CH (sub 4) concentrations of normal seawater. Up to three plume levels with a total vertical extension of about 350 m from the seafloor were classified in the hydrothermal plume. The Delta NTU plume could be followed to approximately 2.5 km to the north and to the south from the vent site while the gas plume spread several km farther from the hydrothermal source. High concentrations of H (sub 2) (up to 1598 nmol l (super -1) ) and CH (sub 4) (up to 323 nmol l (super -1) ) accompanied by relatively low dissolvable Fe concentrations (up to 270 nmol l (super -1) ) as well as low concentrations of dissolvable Mn (112 nmol l (super -1) ) compared to basaltic hydrothermal systems are the characteristics of the plume. The low metal/gas ratios showed a decrease with increasing distance from the vent site. Our data demonstrate that ultramafic systems such as the LHF serve both as sources and sinks for elements, with respect to metal and gas inputs into the oceanic water column. The relevance of such systems is underlined by the discovery (and postulated frequency) of further ultramafic-hosted hydrothermal systems on slow-spreading ridges. JF - Marine Geology AU - Marbler, H AU - Koschinsky, A AU - Pape, T AU - Seifert, R AU - Weber, S AU - Baker, E T AU - de Carvalho, L M AU - Schmidt, K Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - June 2010 SP - 187 EP - 197 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 271 IS - 3-4 SN - 0025-3227, 0025-3227 KW - plumes KW - igneous rocks KW - hydrothermal vents KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - salinity KW - manganese KW - iron KW - temperature KW - Mid-Atlantic Ridge KW - plutonic rocks KW - Logatchev hydrothermal field KW - ocean floors KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - Eh KW - concentration KW - methane KW - host rocks KW - alkanes KW - hydrochemistry KW - ultramafics KW - organic compounds KW - dissolved materials KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - hydrocarbons KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/742914701?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Geology&rft.atitle=Geochemical+and+physical+structure+of+the+hydrothermal+plume+at+the+ultramafic-hosted+Logatchev+hydrothermal+field+at+14+degrees+45%27N+on+the+Mid-Atlantic+Ridge&rft.au=Marbler%2C+H%3BKoschinsky%2C+A%3BPape%2C+T%3BSeifert%2C+R%3BWeber%2C+S%3BBaker%2C+E+T%3Bde+Carvalho%2C+L+M%3BSchmidt%2C+K&rft.aulast=Marbler&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=271&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Geology&rft.issn=00253227&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.margeo.2010.01.012 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00253227 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MAGEA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; Atlantic Ocean; concentration; dissolved materials; Eh; geochemistry; host rocks; hydrocarbons; hydrochemistry; hydrogen; hydrothermal vents; igneous rocks; iron; Logatchev hydrothermal field; manganese; metals; methane; Mid-Atlantic Ridge; North Atlantic; ocean floors; organic compounds; pH; plumes; plutonic rocks; salinity; temperature; ultramafics DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2010.01.012 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metabolomic analysis of Atlantic blue crab, Callinectes sapidus, hemolymph following oxidative stress AN - 1855083294; PQ0001930628 AB - The Atlantic blue crab, Callinectes sapidus, is an economically, ecologically, and recreationally valuable decapod crustacean that inhabits estuaries along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the United States. In their natural environment, blue crabs are exposed to many stressors including anthropogenic contaminants, viruses and bacteria. Bacterial infection results in the depression of oxygen uptake, and impairs normal metabolic function in a manner that has not yet been fully elucidated. Our laboratory is developing NMR-based metabolomic tools for environmental research to discover metabolomic biomarkers of stress in marine organisms. We have used NMR spectroscopy to compare the response of the crab metabolome to depression of aerobic metabolism by injection of the bacterium Vibrio campbellii, versus elevation of aerobic metabolism by treatment with 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), a known uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation. The corresponding NMR spectral variations between treatments were evaluated using chemometric tools for pattern recognition and biomarker identification, including principal components analysis and partial least-squares analysis. Metabolic changes were identified in crab hemolymph 30 min after injection with V. campbellii and DNP. Glucose, considered a reliable indicator for biological stress in crustaceans, and lactate, a metabolite indicating anaerobic respiration, provided the largest variations in the metabolomes, respectively. While biological variability and/or tight regulation of the hemolymph masked subtle metabolic changes at individual time-points, metabolic trajectory analysis revealed clear differences between the two modes of oxidative stress, providing insight into the biochemical pathways involved. JF - Metabolomics AU - Schock, Tracey B AU - Stancyk, David A AU - Thibodeaux, Lindy AU - Burnett, Karen G AU - Burnett, Louis E AU - Boroujerdi, Arezue FB AU - Bearden, Daniel W AD - Hollings Marine Laboratory, Analytical Chemistry Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 331 Ft. Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC, 29412, USA, dan.bearden@nist.gov Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - June 2010 SP - 250 EP - 262 PB - OMICS Publishing Group, Boston VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 1573-3882, 1573-3882 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Hemolymph KW - 2,4-Dinitrophenol KW - Depression KW - Decapoda KW - Glucose KW - Metabolites KW - Infection KW - biomarkers KW - Oxygen KW - Oxidative stress KW - Magnetic resonance spectroscopy KW - Principal components analysis KW - Lactic acid KW - Marine organisms KW - Vibrio campbellii KW - Uncouplers KW - N.M.R. KW - Contaminants KW - Callinectes sapidus KW - Metabolism KW - metabolomics KW - Coasts KW - W 30910:Imaging UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1855083294?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Metabolomics&rft.atitle=Metabolomic+analysis+of+Atlantic+blue+crab%2C+Callinectes+sapidus%2C+hemolymph+following+oxidative+stress&rft.au=Schock%2C+Tracey+B%3BStancyk%2C+David+A%3BThibodeaux%2C+Lindy%3BBurnett%2C+Karen+G%3BBurnett%2C+Louis+E%3BBoroujerdi%2C+Arezue+FB%3BBearden%2C+Daniel+W&rft.aulast=Schock&rft.aufirst=Tracey&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=250&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Metabolomics&rft.issn=15733882&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs11306-009-0194-y LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hemolymph; 2,4-Dinitrophenol; Depression; Glucose; Metabolites; Infection; biomarkers; Oxygen; Oxidative stress; Principal components analysis; Magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Lactic acid; Marine organisms; N.M.R.; Uncouplers; Contaminants; metabolomics; Metabolism; Coasts; Decapoda; Vibrio campbellii; Callinectes sapidus DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11306-009-0194-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intraseasonal variation of winter precipitation over the Western United State simulated by 14 IPCC AR4 coupled GCMs AN - 1371764110; 2013-050762 JF - Journal of Climate AU - Lin, Jia-Lin AU - Shinoda, Toshiaki AU - Qian, Taotao AU - Han, Weiqing AU - Roundy, Paul AU - Zheng, Yangxing Y1 - 2010/06// PY - 2010 DA - June 2010 SP - 3094 EP - 3119 PB - American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA VL - 23 IS - 11 SN - 0894-8755, 0894-8755 KW - United States KW - general circulation models KW - numerical models KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - winter KW - Canada KW - Western U.S. KW - ice KW - snow KW - Western Canada KW - seasonal variations KW - meteorology KW - rain KW - climate KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1371764110?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Climate&rft.atitle=Intraseasonal+variation+of+winter+precipitation+over+the+Western+United+State+simulated+by+14+IPCC+AR4+coupled+GCMs&rft.au=Lin%2C+Jia-Lin%3BShinoda%2C+Toshiaki%3BQian%2C+Taotao%3BHan%2C+Weiqing%3BRoundy%2C+Paul%3BZheng%2C+Yangxing&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=Jia-Lin&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=3094&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Climate&rft.issn=08948755&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2009JCLI2991.1 L2 - http://journals.ametsoc.org/loi/clim LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 51 N1 - PubXState - MA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-27 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; Canada; climate; general circulation models; ice; meteorology; numerical models; rain; seasonal variations; snow; United States; Western Canada; Western U.S.; winter DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009JCLI2991.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seasonal and interannual patterns of sea surface temperature in Banda Sea as revealed by self-organizing map AN - 759307578; 13071447 AB - Seasonal and interannual variations of sea surface temperature (SST) in the Banda Sea are studied for the period of January 1985 through December 2007. A neural network pattern recognition approach based on self-organizing map (SOM) has been applied to monthly SST from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) Oceans Pathfinder. The principal conclusions of this paper are outlined as follows. There are three different patterns associated with the variations in the monsoonal winds: the southeast and northwest monsoon patterns, and the monsoon-break patterns. The southeast monsoon pattern is characterized by low SST due to the prevailing southeasterly winds that drive Ekman upwelling. The northwest monsoon pattern, on the other hand, is one of high SST distributed uniformly in space. The monsoon-break pattern is a transitional pattern between the northwest and southeast monsoon patterns, which is characterized by moderate SST patterns. On interannual time-scale, the SST variations are significantly influenced by the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) phenomena. Low SST is observed during El Nino and/or positive IOD events, while high SST appears during La Nina event. Low SST in the Banda Sea during positive IOD event is induced by upwelling Kelvin waves generated in the equatorial Indian Ocean which propagate along the southern coast of Sumatra and Java before entering the Banda Sea through the Lombok and Ombai Straits as well as through the Timor Passage. On the other hand, during El Nino (La Nina) events, upwelling (downwelling) Rossby waves associated with off-equatorial divergence (convergence) in response to the equatorial westerly (easterly) winds in the Pacific, partly scattered into the Indonesian archipelago which in turn induce cool (warm) SST in the Banda Sea. JF - Continental Shelf Research AU - Iskandar, Iskhaq AD - Research Institute for Global Change, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15, Natsushima, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan, Iskhaq.Iskandar@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/05/31/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 31 SP - 1136 EP - 1148 PB - Elsevier Science, P.O. Box 800 Kidlington Oxford OX5 1DX UK VL - 30 IS - 9 SN - 0278-4343, 0278-4343 KW - Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Rossby waves KW - Upwelling KW - Equatorial westerlies KW - ISEW, Banda Sea KW - La Nina KW - Pattern recognition KW - ISEW, Indonesia, Timor Passage KW - Convergence KW - El Nino KW - Continental shelves KW - AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer) KW - Straits KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - ISEW, Indonesia, Nusa Tenggara Barat, Lombok KW - Waves KW - ISW, Equatorial Indian Ocean KW - Sea surface temperatures KW - Wind KW - Coasts KW - El Nino phenomena KW - Temperature effects KW - Marine KW - ISW, Indian Ocean KW - Temperature KW - ISW, Indian Ocean, Ombai Strait KW - Southern Oscillation KW - Interannual variability KW - Oceans KW - Monsoons KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - Q2 09243:Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics KW - O 2010:Physical Oceanography KW - M2 551.465:Structure/Dynamics/Circulation (551.465) KW - SW 0890:Estuaries KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/759307578?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Continental+Shelf+Research&rft.atitle=Seasonal+and+interannual+patterns+of+sea+surface+temperature+in+Banda+Sea+as+revealed+by+self-organizing+map&rft.au=Iskandar%2C+Iskhaq&rft.aulast=Iskandar&rft.aufirst=Iskhaq&rft.date=2010-05-31&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1136&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Continental+Shelf+Research&rft.issn=02784343&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.csr.2010.03.003 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Pattern recognition; Equatorial westerlies; Upwelling; Continental shelves; Ocean-atmosphere system; Southern Oscillation; El Nino phenomena; Monsoons; Rossby waves; Interannual variability; Convergence; El Nino; AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer); La Nina; Sea surface temperatures; Oceans; Straits; Temperature; Waves; Wind; Coasts; ISW, Indian Ocean; ISEW, Indonesia, Timor Passage; ISEW, Banda Sea; ISEW, Indonesia, Nusa Tenggara Barat, Lombok; ISW, Equatorial Indian Ocean; ISW, Indian Ocean, Ombai Strait; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2010.03.003 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Ocean Acidification: The Other CO2 Problem T2 - 3rd Joint CMOS-CGU Congress, 44th Annual CMOS Congress and 36th Annual Scientific Meeting of CGU (CMOS-CGU 2010) AN - 754318168; 5870468 JF - 3rd Joint CMOS-CGU Congress, 44th Annual CMOS Congress and 36th Annual Scientific Meeting of CGU (CMOS-CGU 2010) AU - Feely, Richard Y1 - 2010/05/31/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 31 KW - Acidification KW - Oceans KW - Carbon dioxide KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754318168?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=3rd+Joint+CMOS-CGU+Congress%2C+44th+Annual+CMOS+Congress+and+36th+Annual+Scientific+Meeting+of+CGU+%28CMOS-CGU+2010%29&rft.atitle=Ocean+Acidification%3A+The+Other+CO2+Problem&rft.au=Feely%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Feely&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=2010-05-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=3rd+Joint+CMOS-CGU+Congress%2C+44th+Annual+CMOS+Congress+and+36th+Annual+Scientific+Meeting+of+CGU+%28CMOS-CGU+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://www1.cmos.ca/abstracts/abstracts115/congress_schedule.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Chemical tracers as indicators of transport time scales and source regions of air in the UTLS T2 - 3rd Joint CMOS-CGU Congress, 44th Annual CMOS Congress and 36th Annual Scientific Meeting of CGU (CMOS-CGU 2010) AN - 754317928; 5870446 JF - 3rd Joint CMOS-CGU Congress, 44th Annual CMOS Congress and 36th Annual Scientific Meeting of CGU (CMOS-CGU 2010) AU - Ray, Eric AU - Moore, Fred AU - Rosenlof, Karen AU - Elkins, James AU - Dutton, Geoff AU - Hall, Brad AU - Hurst, Dale AU - Nance, David Y1 - 2010/05/31/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 31 KW - Tracers KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754317928?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=3rd+Joint+CMOS-CGU+Congress%2C+44th+Annual+CMOS+Congress+and+36th+Annual+Scientific+Meeting+of+CGU+%28CMOS-CGU+2010%29&rft.atitle=Chemical+tracers+as+indicators+of+transport+time+scales+and+source+regions+of+air+in+the+UTLS&rft.au=Ray%2C+Eric%3BMoore%2C+Fred%3BRosenlof%2C+Karen%3BElkins%2C+James%3BDutton%2C+Geoff%3BHall%2C+Brad%3BHurst%2C+Dale%3BNance%2C+David&rft.aulast=Ray&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2010-05-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=3rd+Joint+CMOS-CGU+Congress%2C+44th+Annual+CMOS+Congress+and+36th+Annual+Scientific+Meeting+of+CGU+%28CMOS-CGU+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://www1.cmos.ca/abstracts/abstracts115/congress_schedule.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Why ice minima occurred in 2007, 08 and 09? T2 - 3rd Joint CMOS-CGU Congress, 44th Annual CMOS Congress and 36th Annual Scientific Meeting of CGU (CMOS-CGU 2010) AN - 754317327; 5870078 JF - 3rd Joint CMOS-CGU Congress, 44th Annual CMOS Congress and 36th Annual Scientific Meeting of CGU (CMOS-CGU 2010) AU - Wang, Jia Y1 - 2010/05/31/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 31 KW - Ice KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754317327?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=3rd+Joint+CMOS-CGU+Congress%2C+44th+Annual+CMOS+Congress+and+36th+Annual+Scientific+Meeting+of+CGU+%28CMOS-CGU+2010%29&rft.atitle=Why+ice+minima+occurred+in+2007%2C+08+and+09%3F&rft.au=Wang%2C+Jia&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Jia&rft.date=2010-05-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=3rd+Joint+CMOS-CGU+Congress%2C+44th+Annual+CMOS+Congress+and+36th+Annual+Scientific+Meeting+of+CGU+%28CMOS-CGU+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://www1.cmos.ca/abstracts/abstracts115/congress_schedule.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Updating the International Great Lakes Datum of 1985 T2 - 3rd Joint CMOS-CGU Congress, 44th Annual CMOS Congress and 36th Annual Scientific Meeting of CGU (CMOS-CGU 2010) AN - 754317243; 5870132 JF - 3rd Joint CMOS-CGU Congress, 44th Annual CMOS Congress and 36th Annual Scientific Meeting of CGU (CMOS-CGU 2010) AU - Roman, Daniel AU - Wang, Yan AU - Li, Xiaopeng AU - Saleh, Jarir Y1 - 2010/05/31/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 31 KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - Lakes KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754317243?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=3rd+Joint+CMOS-CGU+Congress%2C+44th+Annual+CMOS+Congress+and+36th+Annual+Scientific+Meeting+of+CGU+%28CMOS-CGU+2010%29&rft.atitle=Updating+the+International+Great+Lakes+Datum+of+1985&rft.au=Roman%2C+Daniel%3BWang%2C+Yan%3BLi%2C+Xiaopeng%3BSaleh%2C+Jarir&rft.aulast=Roman&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2010-05-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=3rd+Joint+CMOS-CGU+Congress%2C+44th+Annual+CMOS+Congress+and+36th+Annual+Scientific+Meeting+of+CGU+%28CMOS-CGU+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://www1.cmos.ca/abstracts/abstracts115/congress_schedule.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Trends in Temperatures in the Canadian Arctic from Surface and Satellite Observations T2 - 3rd Joint CMOS-CGU Congress, 44th Annual CMOS Congress and 36th Annual Scientific Meeting of CGU (CMOS-CGU 2010) AN - 754315937; 5870501 JF - 3rd Joint CMOS-CGU Congress, 44th Annual CMOS Congress and 36th Annual Scientific Meeting of CGU (CMOS-CGU 2010) AU - Rabin, Robert AU - Key, Jeffrey AU - Wang, Xuanji Y1 - 2010/05/31/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 31 KW - Arctic KW - Temperature effects KW - Polar environments KW - Remote sensing KW - Satellites KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754315937?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=3rd+Joint+CMOS-CGU+Congress%2C+44th+Annual+CMOS+Congress+and+36th+Annual+Scientific+Meeting+of+CGU+%28CMOS-CGU+2010%29&rft.atitle=Trends+in+Temperatures+in+the+Canadian+Arctic+from+Surface+and+Satellite+Observations&rft.au=Rabin%2C+Robert%3BKey%2C+Jeffrey%3BWang%2C+Xuanji&rft.aulast=Rabin&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=2010-05-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=3rd+Joint+CMOS-CGU+Congress%2C+44th+Annual+CMOS+Congress+and+36th+Annual+Scientific+Meeting+of+CGU+%28CMOS-CGU+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://www1.cmos.ca/abstracts/abstracts115/congress_schedule.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Evidence for Stratospheric Circulation Changes Over the Past Three Decades From Multiple Measurement Sources T2 - 3rd Joint CMOS-CGU Congress, 44th Annual CMOS Congress and 36th Annual Scientific Meeting of CGU (CMOS-CGU 2010) AN - 754315468; 5870291 JF - 3rd Joint CMOS-CGU Congress, 44th Annual CMOS Congress and 36th Annual Scientific Meeting of CGU (CMOS-CGU 2010) AU - Ray, Eric AU - Moore, Fred AU - Rosenlof, Karen AU - Davis, Sean AU - Boenisch, Harald Y1 - 2010/05/31/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 31 KW - Stratosphere KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754315468?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=3rd+Joint+CMOS-CGU+Congress%2C+44th+Annual+CMOS+Congress+and+36th+Annual+Scientific+Meeting+of+CGU+%28CMOS-CGU+2010%29&rft.atitle=Evidence+for+Stratospheric+Circulation+Changes+Over+the+Past+Three+Decades+From+Multiple+Measurement+Sources&rft.au=Ray%2C+Eric%3BMoore%2C+Fred%3BRosenlof%2C+Karen%3BDavis%2C+Sean%3BBoenisch%2C+Harald&rft.aulast=Ray&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=2010-05-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=3rd+Joint+CMOS-CGU+Congress%2C+44th+Annual+CMOS+Congress+and+36th+Annual+Scientific+Meeting+of+CGU+%28CMOS-CGU+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://www1.cmos.ca/abstracts/abstracts115/congress_schedule.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - A World of Change: Climate Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow T2 - 3rd Joint CMOS-CGU Congress, 44th Annual CMOS Congress and 36th Annual Scientific Meeting of CGU (CMOS-CGU 2010) AN - 754314840; 5870076 JF - 3rd Joint CMOS-CGU Congress, 44th Annual CMOS Congress and 36th Annual Scientific Meeting of CGU (CMOS-CGU 2010) AU - Solomon, Susan Y1 - 2010/05/31/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 31 KW - Climatic changes KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754314840?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=3rd+Joint+CMOS-CGU+Congress%2C+44th+Annual+CMOS+Congress+and+36th+Annual+Scientific+Meeting+of+CGU+%28CMOS-CGU+2010%29&rft.atitle=A+World+of+Change%3A+Climate+Yesterday%2C+Today+and+Tomorrow&rft.au=Solomon%2C+Susan&rft.aulast=Solomon&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=2010-05-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=3rd+Joint+CMOS-CGU+Congress%2C+44th+Annual+CMOS+Congress+and+36th+Annual+Scientific+Meeting+of+CGU+%28CMOS-CGU+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - https://www1.cmos.ca/abstracts/abstracts115/congress_schedule.asp LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Feeding Ecology and Niche Separation of Young of the Year Northern Rock Sole and Yearling Yellowfin Sole in the Eastern Bering Sea. T2 - 34th Annual Larval Fish Conference (LFC 2010) AN - 754255899; 5792908 JF - 34th Annual Larval Fish Conference (LFC 2010) AU - Jump, Christina AU - Duffy-Anderson,, Janet AU - Mier, Kathy AU - Cooper, Dan Y1 - 2010/05/30/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 30 KW - Bering Sea KW - Ecology KW - Feeding KW - Niches KW - Juveniles KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754255899?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=34th+Annual+Larval+Fish+Conference+%28LFC+2010%29&rft.atitle=Feeding+Ecology+and+Niche+Separation+of+Young+of+the+Year+Northern+Rock+Sole+and+Yearling+Yellowfin+Sole+in+the+Eastern+Bering+Sea.&rft.au=Jump%2C+Christina%3BDuffy-Anderson%2C%2C+Janet%3BMier%2C+Kathy%3BCooper%2C+Dan&rft.aulast=Jump&rft.aufirst=Christina&rft.date=2010-05-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=34th+Annual+Larval+Fish+Conference+%28LFC+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.larvalfishcon.org/Conf_Abstracts.asp?ConferenceCode=34th LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The ecological significance of lipid/fatty acid synthesis in developing eggs and unfed larvae of Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus). T2 - 34th Annual Larval Fish Conference (LFC 2010) AN - 754255748; 5792863 JF - 34th Annual Larval Fish Conference (LFC 2010) AU - Laurel, Benjamin AU - Copeman, L AU - Hurst, T AU - Parrish, C Y1 - 2010/05/30/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 30 KW - Pacific KW - Lipids KW - Fish larvae KW - Larval development KW - Fatty acids KW - Chemical oxygen demand KW - Eggs KW - Marine fish KW - Gadus macrocephalus KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754255748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=34th+Annual+Larval+Fish+Conference+%28LFC+2010%29&rft.atitle=The+ecological+significance+of+lipid%2Ffatty+acid+synthesis+in+developing+eggs+and+unfed+larvae+of+Pacific+cod+%28Gadus+macrocephalus%29.&rft.au=Laurel%2C+Benjamin%3BCopeman%2C+L%3BHurst%2C+T%3BParrish%2C+C&rft.aulast=Laurel&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.date=2010-05-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=34th+Annual+Larval+Fish+Conference+%28LFC+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.larvalfishcon.org/Conf_Abstracts.asp?ConferenceCode=34th LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Avoiding Pseudoreplication in Ichthyoplankton Studies: Statistical Methods for Comparing Means of Subsampled Populations T2 - 34th Annual Larval Fish Conference (LFC 2010) AN - 754255181; 5792918 JF - 34th Annual Larval Fish Conference (LFC 2010) AU - Mier, K AU - Picquelle, S Y1 - 2010/05/30/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 30 KW - Ichthyoplankton KW - Statistics KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754255181?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=34th+Annual+Larval+Fish+Conference+%28LFC+2010%29&rft.atitle=Avoiding+Pseudoreplication+in+Ichthyoplankton+Studies%3A+Statistical+Methods+for+Comparing+Means+of+Subsampled+Populations&rft.au=Mier%2C+K%3BPicquelle%2C+S&rft.aulast=Mier&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2010-05-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=34th+Annual+Larval+Fish+Conference+%28LFC+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.larvalfishcon.org/Conf_Abstracts.asp?ConferenceCode=34th LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Effects of an anomalous low salinity, high chlorophyll plume from the Orinoco River on larval fish distribution and abundances in the Caribbean Basin T2 - 34th Annual Larval Fish Conference (LFC 2010) AN - 754253230; 5792914 JF - 34th Annual Larval Fish Conference (LFC 2010) AU - Malca, E AU - Gerard, T AU - Muhling, B AU - Shiroza, A AU - Lamkin, J Y1 - 2010/05/30/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 30 KW - South America, Orinoco R. KW - Caribbean Sea KW - Fish KW - Plumes KW - Chlorophyll KW - Salinity effects KW - Larvae KW - Basins KW - Rivers KW - Abiotic factors KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754253230?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=34th+Annual+Larval+Fish+Conference+%28LFC+2010%29&rft.atitle=Effects+of+an+anomalous+low+salinity%2C+high+chlorophyll+plume+from+the+Orinoco+River+on+larval+fish+distribution+and+abundances+in+the+Caribbean+Basin&rft.au=Malca%2C+E%3BGerard%2C+T%3BMuhling%2C+B%3BShiroza%2C+A%3BLamkin%2C+J&rft.aulast=Malca&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2010-05-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=34th+Annual+Larval+Fish+Conference+%28LFC+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.larvalfishcon.org/Conf_Abstracts.asp?ConferenceCode=34th LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Climate-Induced Changes in Distribution and Spawning of Northeast Us Fish T2 - 34th Annual Larval Fish Conference (LFC 2010) AN - 754246109; 5792921 JF - 34th Annual Larval Fish Conference (LFC 2010) AU - Nye, Janet AU - Link, Jason AU - Richardson, Dave AU - Hare, Jonathan Y1 - 2010/05/30/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 30 KW - Fish KW - Spawning KW - Climatic changes KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754246109?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=34th+Annual+Larval+Fish+Conference+%28LFC+2010%29&rft.atitle=Climate-Induced+Changes+in+Distribution+and+Spawning+of+Northeast+Us+Fish&rft.au=Nye%2C+Janet%3BLink%2C+Jason%3BRichardson%2C+Dave%3BHare%2C+Jonathan&rft.aulast=Nye&rft.aufirst=Janet&rft.date=2010-05-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=34th+Annual+Larval+Fish+Conference+%28LFC+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.larvalfishcon.org/Conf_Abstracts.asp?ConferenceCode=34th LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Early Life History Assessment of Vulnerability and Response of Fish Populations to Climate Change in the Gulf of Alaska T2 - 34th Annual Larval Fish Conference (LFC 2010) AN - 754245987; 5792883 JF - 34th Annual Larval Fish Conference (LFC 2010) AU - Doyle, Miriam Y1 - 2010/05/30/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 30 KW - USA, Alaska, Alaska Gulf KW - Fish KW - Life history KW - Climatic changes KW - Vulnerability KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754245987?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=34th+Annual+Larval+Fish+Conference+%28LFC+2010%29&rft.atitle=Early+Life+History+Assessment+of+Vulnerability+and+Response+of+Fish+Populations+to+Climate+Change+in+the+Gulf+of+Alaska&rft.au=Doyle%2C+Miriam&rft.aulast=Doyle&rft.aufirst=Miriam&rft.date=2010-05-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=34th+Annual+Larval+Fish+Conference+%28LFC+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.larvalfishcon.org/Conf_Abstracts.asp?ConferenceCode=34th LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Potential Indices for Estimating Nutritional Condition and Growth Rates of Juvenile Atlantic Cod (Gadus Morhua) T2 - 34th Annual Larval Fish Conference (LFC 2010) AN - 754245874; 5792871 JF - 34th Annual Larval Fish Conference (LFC 2010) AU - Caldarone, E AU - Maclean, S AU - Sharack, B Y1 - 2010/05/30/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 30 KW - Atlantic KW - Nutrition KW - Growth rate KW - Chemical oxygen demand KW - Marine fish KW - Gadus morhua KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754245874?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=34th+Annual+Larval+Fish+Conference+%28LFC+2010%29&rft.atitle=Potential+Indices+for+Estimating+Nutritional+Condition+and+Growth+Rates+of+Juvenile+Atlantic+Cod+%28Gadus+Morhua%29&rft.au=Caldarone%2C+E%3BMaclean%2C+S%3BSharack%2C+B&rft.aulast=Caldarone&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=2010-05-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=34th+Annual+Larval+Fish+Conference+%28LFC+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.larvalfishcon.org/Conf_Abstracts.asp?ConferenceCode=34th LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Analysis of the Spring-Fall Epipelagic Ichthyoplankton Community in the Northern California Current in 2004-2009 T2 - 34th Annual Larval Fish Conference (LFC 2010) AN - 754245869; 5792862 JF - 34th Annual Larval Fish Conference (LFC 2010) AU - Auth, T Y1 - 2010/05/30/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 30 KW - Pacific, California Current KW - Ichthyoplankton KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754245869?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=34th+Annual+Larval+Fish+Conference+%28LFC+2010%29&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+the+Spring-Fall+Epipelagic+Ichthyoplankton+Community+in+the+Northern+California+Current+in+2004-2009&rft.au=Auth%2C+T&rft.aulast=Auth&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=2010-05-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=34th+Annual+Larval+Fish+Conference+%28LFC+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.larvalfishcon.org/Conf_Abstracts.asp?ConferenceCode=34th LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Larval Dispersal, Overwinter Mortality, and Climate Change: Forecasting Range Shifts of a Sub-Tropical Fish Species in a Western Boundary Current System. T2 - 34th Annual Larval Fish Conference (LFC 2010) AN - 754244852; 5792898 JF - 34th Annual Larval Fish Conference (LFC 2010) AU - Hare, Jonathan AU - Wuenschel, Mark AU - Kimball, Matthew Y1 - 2010/05/30/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 30 KW - Fish KW - Climatic changes KW - Mortality KW - Larvae KW - Dispersal KW - Boundaries KW - Prediction KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754244852?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=34th+Annual+Larval+Fish+Conference+%28LFC+2010%29&rft.atitle=Larval+Dispersal%2C+Overwinter+Mortality%2C+and+Climate+Change%3A+Forecasting+Range+Shifts+of+a+Sub-Tropical+Fish+Species+in+a+Western+Boundary+Current+System.&rft.au=Hare%2C+Jonathan%3BWuenschel%2C+Mark%3BKimball%2C+Matthew&rft.aulast=Hare&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.date=2010-05-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=34th+Annual+Larval+Fish+Conference+%28LFC+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.larvalfishcon.org/Conf_Abstracts.asp?ConferenceCode=34th LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Larval Transport and Small Scale Gyres along the Yucatan Coast of Mexico T2 - 34th Annual Larval Fish Conference (LFC 2010) AN - 754241094; 5792911 JF - 34th Annual Larval Fish Conference (LFC 2010) AU - Lamkin, J AU - Muhling, B AU - Malca, Estrella AU - John, Libby Y1 - 2010/05/30/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 30 KW - Mexico, Yucatan KW - Gyres KW - Larvae KW - Coastal zone KW - Biological drift KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754241094?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=34th+Annual+Larval+Fish+Conference+%28LFC+2010%29&rft.atitle=Larval+Transport+and+Small+Scale+Gyres+along+the+Yucatan+Coast+of+Mexico&rft.au=Lamkin%2C+J%3BMuhling%2C+B%3BMalca%2C+Estrella%3BJohn%2C+Libby&rft.aulast=Lamkin&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=2010-05-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=34th+Annual+Larval+Fish+Conference+%28LFC+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.larvalfishcon.org/Conf_Abstracts.asp?ConferenceCode=34th LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Age-0 Northern Rock Sole Nursery Areas in the Eastern Bering Sea in Relation to Hydrography T2 - 34th Annual Larval Fish Conference (LFC 2010) AN - 754238533; 5792878 JF - 34th Annual Larval Fish Conference (LFC 2010) AU - Cooper, D AU - Duffy-Anderson, J AU - Norcross, B AU - Holladay, B AU - Stabeno, P Y1 - 2010/05/30/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 30 KW - Bering Sea KW - Hydrography KW - Nursery grounds KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754238533?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=34th+Annual+Larval+Fish+Conference+%28LFC+2010%29&rft.atitle=Age-0+Northern+Rock+Sole+Nursery+Areas+in+the+Eastern+Bering+Sea+in+Relation+to+Hydrography&rft.au=Cooper%2C+D%3BDuffy-Anderson%2C+J%3BNorcross%2C+B%3BHolladay%2C+B%3BStabeno%2C+P&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=2010-05-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=34th+Annual+Larval+Fish+Conference+%28LFC+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.larvalfishcon.org/Conf_Abstracts.asp?ConferenceCode=34th LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Linking Small Fish to Big Fish: Population Dynamics of Gray Snapper in Biscayne National Park T2 - 34th Annual Larval Fish Conference (LFC 2010) AN - 754238454; 5792905 JF - 34th Annual Larval Fish Conference (LFC 2010) AU - Huebert, K AU - Serafy, J AU - Walter, J AU - Bohnsack, J Y1 - 2010/05/30/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 30 KW - USA, Florida, Biscayne Natl. Park KW - Fish KW - National parks KW - Population dynamics KW - Lutjanus griseus KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754238454?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=34th+Annual+Larval+Fish+Conference+%28LFC+2010%29&rft.atitle=Linking+Small+Fish+to+Big+Fish%3A+Population+Dynamics+of+Gray+Snapper+in+Biscayne+National+Park&rft.au=Huebert%2C+K%3BSerafy%2C+J%3BWalter%2C+J%3BBohnsack%2C+J&rft.aulast=Huebert&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=2010-05-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=34th+Annual+Larval+Fish+Conference+%28LFC+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.larvalfishcon.org/Conf_Abstracts.asp?ConferenceCode=34th LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Expected Direct and Indirect Effects of Changing Thermal Regimes on Fish Early Life Stages T2 - 34th Annual Larval Fish Conference (LFC 2010) AN - 754238296; 5792874 JF - 34th Annual Larval Fish Conference (LFC 2010) AU - Chambers, Christopher Y1 - 2010/05/30/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 30 KW - Fish KW - Developmental stages KW - Temperature effects KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754238296?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=34th+Annual+Larval+Fish+Conference+%28LFC+2010%29&rft.atitle=Expected+Direct+and+Indirect+Effects+of+Changing+Thermal+Regimes+on+Fish+Early+Life+Stages&rft.au=Chambers%2C+Christopher&rft.aulast=Chambers&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2010-05-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=34th+Annual+Larval+Fish+Conference+%28LFC+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.larvalfishcon.org/Conf_Abstracts.asp?ConferenceCode=34th LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Management implications of juvenile reef fish habitat preferences and coral susceptibility to stressors AN - 746162103; 13060905 AB - In the Hawaiian Archipelago, shelter-dependent juvenile stages of many reef fishes and their coral habitats are increasingly put at risk by multiple anthropogenic stressors (e.g. overfishing and habitat loss, coral bleaching and sedimentation, respectively). We assessed coral bleaching (to identify relative susceptibility among growth forms) and the use v. availability of structurally complex and simple corals by juvenile reef fishes in Hawai'i. We use these data in a model that identifies habitats and resource species for managing reef fisheries and conserving coral habitats. Many juvenile reef fishes preferentially inhabit rugose corals. The economic and ecological importance of these fishes varies from those with little value to others, such as highly prized parrotfishes that also serve as ecological engineers. Coral species also differ in their relative susceptibility to anthropogenic and natural stressors - more structurally complex corals tend to be more susceptible to stressors. Our model relates the economic and ecological valuations of fish resources with specific preferences of fish juveniles for corals of varying susceptibility, testing the prediction that risk should co-vary among species of corals and fishes. Managers should use such a model when prioritising habitats and resource species for conservation. JF - Marine & Freshwater Research AU - DeMartini, Edward E AU - Anderson, Todd W AU - Kenyon, Jean C AU - Beets, James P AU - Friedlander, Alan M AD - NOAA Fisheries, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Aiea Heights Research Facility, 99-193 Aiea Heights Drive, Suite 417, Aiea, HI 96701, USA, edward.demartini@noaa.gov Y1 - 2010/05/28/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 28 SP - 532 EP - 540 PB - CSIRO Publishing, PO Box 1139 Collingwood Vic. 3066 Australia VL - 61 IS - 5 SN - 1323-1650, 1323-1650 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts KW - coral bleaching and sedimentation KW - global warming KW - Hawai'i KW - nursery habitat loss KW - recruit reef fishes KW - Reefs KW - habitat preferences KW - Habitat selection KW - Models KW - Marine fish KW - coral bleaching KW - Fishery management KW - Fisheries KW - Economics KW - Corals KW - Sedimentation KW - Marine KW - Juveniles KW - Data processing KW - Bleaching KW - habitat changes KW - anthropogenic factors KW - Overfishing KW - Archipelagoes KW - Habitat KW - resource exploitation KW - overfishing KW - Coral reefs KW - Conservation KW - Fish KW - Reef fish KW - Y 25040:Behavioral Ecology KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - O 5080:Legal/Governmental KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - ENA 12:Oceans & Estuaries KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746162103?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+%26+Freshwater+Research&rft.atitle=Management+implications+of+juvenile+reef+fish+habitat+preferences+and+coral+susceptibility+to+stressors&rft.au=DeMartini%2C+Edward+E%3BAnderson%2C+Todd+W%3BKenyon%2C+Jean+C%3BBeets%2C+James+P%3BFriedlander%2C+Alan+M&rft.aulast=DeMartini&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=2010-05-28&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=532&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+%26+Freshwater+Research&rft.issn=13231650&rft_id=info:doi/10.1071%2FMF09141 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-06-01 N1 - Number of references - 60 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Juveniles; Fishery management; Bleaching; Coral reefs; Overfishing; Archipelagoes; Habitat selection; Sedimentation; Reef fish; Reefs; Data processing; Economics; Corals; Habitat; Models; anthropogenic factors; habitat changes; habitat preferences; resource exploitation; coral bleaching; overfishing; Fisheries; Conservation; Fish; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/MF09141 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - MARIANA ISLANDS RANGE COMPLEX, PACIFIC OCEAN. [Part 1 of 3] T2 - MARIANA ISLANDS RANGE COMPLEX, PACIFIC OCEAN. AN - 873130643; 14355-4_0001 AB - PURPOSE: The assessment of a proposed 10-year planning horizon associated with Navy training, research, development, test and evaluation (RDT&E) activities, and associated range capabilities enhancements in the Mariana Islands Range Complex (MIRC) is presented. The MIRC study area lies in the Western Pacific and consists of three primary components: ocean surface and undersea areas, special use airspace, and training land areas. The ocean surface and undersea areas extend from the international waters South of Guam to north of Pagan and from the Pacific Ocean east of the Mariana Islands to the middle of the Philippine Sea, Pacific Ocean, and Exclusive Economic Zones of the United States and Micronesia. The range complex includes land ranges and training areas on Guam, Rota, Tinian, Saipan, and Farrallon de Medinilla, encompassing 64 square nautical miles. Special use airspace within the MIRC includes Warning Area 517, restricted airspace over Farrallon De Medinilla, and air traffic control assigned airspace encompassing 63,000 square nautical miles. For range management and scheduling purposes, the range complex is divided into training areas under different controlling authorities. MIRC-supported activities and training, RDT&E of military hardware, personnel, tactics, munitions, explosives, and electronic combat systems are described in this EIS. Three alternatives, including a No Action Alternative, which would perpetuate the current training and RDT&E activities at the same levels of intensity as currently conducted, are considered in this final EIS. Action Alternative 1, which is the preferred alternative, would meet the U.S. military services' current and near-term operational training requirements, including increased training activities to meet new training and capability requirements for personnel and platforms, and an overall increase in the number and types of training events, including major exercises, U.S. Marine Corps training activities, joint training operations involving U.S. allies, and the U.S. Air Force's Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance/Strike initiative at Andersen Air Force Base. Training activities would also be increased as a result of the acquisition and development of new Portal Underwater Tracking Range capabilities supporting anti-submarine warfare and new facilities capabilities supporting the Military Operations in Urban Terrain training program. Action Alternative 2 would include allocations proposed under the No Action Alternative and Alternative 1, as well as new activities related to additional major exercises. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed action would help to achieve and maintain Navy readiness using the MIRC to support and conduct current and future training and RDT&E activities, while enhancing training resources through investment in the range complex. The MIRC would enable the Navy to organize, train, equip, and maintain combat-ready forces to successfully fulfill their current and future global mission of winning wars, deterring aggression, and maintaining freedom of maritime movement. Due to its close proximity to forward-deployed forces in the Western Pacific, the MIRC would provide the most cost-effective and efficient alternative for supporting those forces. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Environmental and/or social stressors resulting from operations within MIRC would include vessel movement disturbance and vessel collisions; aircraft noise, including sonic booms; explosion of towed mine warfare devices and underwater detonations, explosion of high-explosive ordnance, disturbances caused by the use of non-explosive munitions; and detritus from expended material. The use of explosive munitions would release toxins into aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Underwater explosions and the use of sonar could affect the directional abilities of marine mammals, and a number of the animals would be injured or killed due to collisions with vessels. Explosives and ship movements would also place other marine organisms at risk, including coral reefs. Restrictions on airspace and Western Pacific operating areas would prevent the use of these areas by other transportation interests during operations, though such operations would invariably be of short duration. LEGAL MANDATES: Executive Order 12114. PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0015D, Volume 33, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100204, Volume 1--952 pages, Volume 2--873 pages, Volume 3: Appendices--1,170 pages, May 27, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 1 KW - Defense Programs KW - Aircraft Noise KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Marine Surveys KW - Marine Systems KW - Military Operations (Joint) KW - Military Operations (Navy) KW - Munitions KW - Ships KW - Sonic Booms KW - Submarines KW - Andersen Air Force Base KW - Guam KW - Mariana Islands KW - Micronesia KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Palau KW - Executive Order 12114, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873130643?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-05-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=MARIANA+ISLANDS+RANGE+COMPLEX%2C+PACIFIC+OCEAN.&rft.title=MARIANA+ISLANDS+RANGE+COMPLEX%2C+PACIFIC+OCEAN.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Navy, Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Pearl Harbor, Hawaii; NAVY N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-21 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 27, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - MARIANA ISLANDS RANGE COMPLEX, PACIFIC OCEAN. [Part 3 of 3] T2 - MARIANA ISLANDS RANGE COMPLEX, PACIFIC OCEAN. AN - 873129673; 14355-4_0003 AB - PURPOSE: The assessment of a proposed 10-year planning horizon associated with Navy training, research, development, test and evaluation (RDT&E) activities, and associated range capabilities enhancements in the Mariana Islands Range Complex (MIRC) is presented. The MIRC study area lies in the Western Pacific and consists of three primary components: ocean surface and undersea areas, special use airspace, and training land areas. The ocean surface and undersea areas extend from the international waters South of Guam to north of Pagan and from the Pacific Ocean east of the Mariana Islands to the middle of the Philippine Sea, Pacific Ocean, and Exclusive Economic Zones of the United States and Micronesia. The range complex includes land ranges and training areas on Guam, Rota, Tinian, Saipan, and Farrallon de Medinilla, encompassing 64 square nautical miles. Special use airspace within the MIRC includes Warning Area 517, restricted airspace over Farrallon De Medinilla, and air traffic control assigned airspace encompassing 63,000 square nautical miles. For range management and scheduling purposes, the range complex is divided into training areas under different controlling authorities. MIRC-supported activities and training, RDT&E of military hardware, personnel, tactics, munitions, explosives, and electronic combat systems are described in this EIS. Three alternatives, including a No Action Alternative, which would perpetuate the current training and RDT&E activities at the same levels of intensity as currently conducted, are considered in this final EIS. Action Alternative 1, which is the preferred alternative, would meet the U.S. military services' current and near-term operational training requirements, including increased training activities to meet new training and capability requirements for personnel and platforms, and an overall increase in the number and types of training events, including major exercises, U.S. Marine Corps training activities, joint training operations involving U.S. allies, and the U.S. Air Force's Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance/Strike initiative at Andersen Air Force Base. Training activities would also be increased as a result of the acquisition and development of new Portal Underwater Tracking Range capabilities supporting anti-submarine warfare and new facilities capabilities supporting the Military Operations in Urban Terrain training program. Action Alternative 2 would include allocations proposed under the No Action Alternative and Alternative 1, as well as new activities related to additional major exercises. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed action would help to achieve and maintain Navy readiness using the MIRC to support and conduct current and future training and RDT&E activities, while enhancing training resources through investment in the range complex. The MIRC would enable the Navy to organize, train, equip, and maintain combat-ready forces to successfully fulfill their current and future global mission of winning wars, deterring aggression, and maintaining freedom of maritime movement. Due to its close proximity to forward-deployed forces in the Western Pacific, the MIRC would provide the most cost-effective and efficient alternative for supporting those forces. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Environmental and/or social stressors resulting from operations within MIRC would include vessel movement disturbance and vessel collisions; aircraft noise, including sonic booms; explosion of towed mine warfare devices and underwater detonations, explosion of high-explosive ordnance, disturbances caused by the use of non-explosive munitions; and detritus from expended material. The use of explosive munitions would release toxins into aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Underwater explosions and the use of sonar could affect the directional abilities of marine mammals, and a number of the animals would be injured or killed due to collisions with vessels. Explosives and ship movements would also place other marine organisms at risk, including coral reefs. Restrictions on airspace and Western Pacific operating areas would prevent the use of these areas by other transportation interests during operations, though such operations would invariably be of short duration. LEGAL MANDATES: Executive Order 12114. PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0015D, Volume 33, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100204, Volume 1--952 pages, Volume 2--873 pages, Volume 3: Appendices--1,170 pages, May 27, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 3 KW - Defense Programs KW - Aircraft Noise KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Marine Surveys KW - Marine Systems KW - Military Operations (Joint) KW - Military Operations (Navy) KW - Munitions KW - Ships KW - Sonic Booms KW - Submarines KW - Andersen Air Force Base KW - Guam KW - Mariana Islands KW - Micronesia KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Palau KW - Executive Order 12114, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129673?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-05-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=MARIANA+ISLANDS+RANGE+COMPLEX%2C+PACIFIC+OCEAN.&rft.title=MARIANA+ISLANDS+RANGE+COMPLEX%2C+PACIFIC+OCEAN.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Navy, Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Pearl Harbor, Hawaii; NAVY N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-21 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 27, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - MARIANA ISLANDS RANGE COMPLEX, PACIFIC OCEAN. [Part 2 of 3] T2 - MARIANA ISLANDS RANGE COMPLEX, PACIFIC OCEAN. AN - 873129316; 14355-4_0002 AB - PURPOSE: The assessment of a proposed 10-year planning horizon associated with Navy training, research, development, test and evaluation (RDT&E) activities, and associated range capabilities enhancements in the Mariana Islands Range Complex (MIRC) is presented. The MIRC study area lies in the Western Pacific and consists of three primary components: ocean surface and undersea areas, special use airspace, and training land areas. The ocean surface and undersea areas extend from the international waters South of Guam to north of Pagan and from the Pacific Ocean east of the Mariana Islands to the middle of the Philippine Sea, Pacific Ocean, and Exclusive Economic Zones of the United States and Micronesia. The range complex includes land ranges and training areas on Guam, Rota, Tinian, Saipan, and Farrallon de Medinilla, encompassing 64 square nautical miles. Special use airspace within the MIRC includes Warning Area 517, restricted airspace over Farrallon De Medinilla, and air traffic control assigned airspace encompassing 63,000 square nautical miles. For range management and scheduling purposes, the range complex is divided into training areas under different controlling authorities. MIRC-supported activities and training, RDT&E of military hardware, personnel, tactics, munitions, explosives, and electronic combat systems are described in this EIS. Three alternatives, including a No Action Alternative, which would perpetuate the current training and RDT&E activities at the same levels of intensity as currently conducted, are considered in this final EIS. Action Alternative 1, which is the preferred alternative, would meet the U.S. military services' current and near-term operational training requirements, including increased training activities to meet new training and capability requirements for personnel and platforms, and an overall increase in the number and types of training events, including major exercises, U.S. Marine Corps training activities, joint training operations involving U.S. allies, and the U.S. Air Force's Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance/Strike initiative at Andersen Air Force Base. Training activities would also be increased as a result of the acquisition and development of new Portal Underwater Tracking Range capabilities supporting anti-submarine warfare and new facilities capabilities supporting the Military Operations in Urban Terrain training program. Action Alternative 2 would include allocations proposed under the No Action Alternative and Alternative 1, as well as new activities related to additional major exercises. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed action would help to achieve and maintain Navy readiness using the MIRC to support and conduct current and future training and RDT&E activities, while enhancing training resources through investment in the range complex. The MIRC would enable the Navy to organize, train, equip, and maintain combat-ready forces to successfully fulfill their current and future global mission of winning wars, deterring aggression, and maintaining freedom of maritime movement. Due to its close proximity to forward-deployed forces in the Western Pacific, the MIRC would provide the most cost-effective and efficient alternative for supporting those forces. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Environmental and/or social stressors resulting from operations within MIRC would include vessel movement disturbance and vessel collisions; aircraft noise, including sonic booms; explosion of towed mine warfare devices and underwater detonations, explosion of high-explosive ordnance, disturbances caused by the use of non-explosive munitions; and detritus from expended material. The use of explosive munitions would release toxins into aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Underwater explosions and the use of sonar could affect the directional abilities of marine mammals, and a number of the animals would be injured or killed due to collisions with vessels. Explosives and ship movements would also place other marine organisms at risk, including coral reefs. Restrictions on airspace and Western Pacific operating areas would prevent the use of these areas by other transportation interests during operations, though such operations would invariably be of short duration. LEGAL MANDATES: Executive Order 12114. PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0015D, Volume 33, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100204, Volume 1--952 pages, Volume 2--873 pages, Volume 3: Appendices--1,170 pages, May 27, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 2 KW - Defense Programs KW - Aircraft Noise KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Marine Surveys KW - Marine Systems KW - Military Operations (Joint) KW - Military Operations (Navy) KW - Munitions KW - Ships KW - Sonic Booms KW - Submarines KW - Andersen Air Force Base KW - Guam KW - Mariana Islands KW - Micronesia KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Palau KW - Executive Order 12114, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129316?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-05-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=MARIANA+ISLANDS+RANGE+COMPLEX%2C+PACIFIC+OCEAN.&rft.title=MARIANA+ISLANDS+RANGE+COMPLEX%2C+PACIFIC+OCEAN.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Navy, Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Pearl Harbor, Hawaii; NAVY N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-21 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 27, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - MARIANA ISLANDS RANGE COMPLEX, PACIFIC OCEAN. AN - 754907188; 14355 AB - PURPOSE: The assessment of a proposed 10-year planning horizon associated with Navy training, research, development, test and evaluation (RDT&E) activities, and associated range capabilities enhancements in the Mariana Islands Range Complex (MIRC) is presented. The MIRC study area lies in the Western Pacific and consists of three primary components: ocean surface and undersea areas, special use airspace, and training land areas. The ocean surface and undersea areas extend from the international waters South of Guam to north of Pagan and from the Pacific Ocean east of the Mariana Islands to the middle of the Philippine Sea, Pacific Ocean, and Exclusive Economic Zones of the United States and Micronesia. The range complex includes land ranges and training areas on Guam, Rota, Tinian, Saipan, and Farrallon de Medinilla, encompassing 64 square nautical miles. Special use airspace within the MIRC includes Warning Area 517, restricted airspace over Farrallon De Medinilla, and air traffic control assigned airspace encompassing 63,000 square nautical miles. For range management and scheduling purposes, the range complex is divided into training areas under different controlling authorities. MIRC-supported activities and training, RDT&E of military hardware, personnel, tactics, munitions, explosives, and electronic combat systems are described in this EIS. Three alternatives, including a No Action Alternative, which would perpetuate the current training and RDT&E activities at the same levels of intensity as currently conducted, are considered in this final EIS. Action Alternative 1, which is the preferred alternative, would meet the U.S. military services' current and near-term operational training requirements, including increased training activities to meet new training and capability requirements for personnel and platforms, and an overall increase in the number and types of training events, including major exercises, U.S. Marine Corps training activities, joint training operations involving U.S. allies, and the U.S. Air Force's Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance/Strike initiative at Andersen Air Force Base. Training activities would also be increased as a result of the acquisition and development of new Portal Underwater Tracking Range capabilities supporting anti-submarine warfare and new facilities capabilities supporting the Military Operations in Urban Terrain training program. Action Alternative 2 would include allocations proposed under the No Action Alternative and Alternative 1, as well as new activities related to additional major exercises. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed action would help to achieve and maintain Navy readiness using the MIRC to support and conduct current and future training and RDT&E activities, while enhancing training resources through investment in the range complex. The MIRC would enable the Navy to organize, train, equip, and maintain combat-ready forces to successfully fulfill their current and future global mission of winning wars, deterring aggression, and maintaining freedom of maritime movement. Due to its close proximity to forward-deployed forces in the Western Pacific, the MIRC would provide the most cost-effective and efficient alternative for supporting those forces. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Environmental and/or social stressors resulting from operations within MIRC would include vessel movement disturbance and vessel collisions; aircraft noise, including sonic booms; explosion of towed mine warfare devices and underwater detonations, explosion of high-explosive ordnance, disturbances caused by the use of non-explosive munitions; and detritus from expended material. The use of explosive munitions would release toxins into aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Underwater explosions and the use of sonar could affect the directional abilities of marine mammals, and a number of the animals would be injured or killed due to collisions with vessels. Explosives and ship movements would also place other marine organisms at risk, including coral reefs. Restrictions on airspace and Western Pacific operating areas would prevent the use of these areas by other transportation interests during operations, though such operations would invariably be of short duration. LEGAL MANDATES: Executive Order 12114. PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft EIS, see 09-0015D, Volume 33, Number 1. JF - EPA number: 100204, Volume 1--952 pages, Volume 2--873 pages, Volume 3: Appendices--1,170 pages, May 27, 2010 PY - 2010 KW - Defense Programs KW - Aircraft Noise KW - Impact Assessment Methodology KW - Islands KW - Marine Mammals KW - Marine Surveys KW - Marine Systems KW - Military Operations (Joint) KW - Military Operations (Navy) KW - Munitions KW - Ships KW - Sonic Booms KW - Submarines KW - Andersen Air Force Base KW - Guam KW - Mariana Islands KW - Micronesia KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Palau KW - Executive Order 12114, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754907188?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-05-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=MARIANA+ISLANDS+RANGE+COMPLEX%2C+PACIFIC+OCEAN.&rft.title=MARIANA+ISLANDS+RANGE+COMPLEX%2C+PACIFIC+OCEAN.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of the Navy, Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Pearl Harbor, Hawaii; NAVY N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-21 N1 - SuppNotes - Final. Preparation date: May 27, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - The Effects of Framing and Retrieval Fluency on Feeling-Of-Knowing Judgments T2 - 22nd Annual Convention of the Association for Psychological Science (APS 2010) AN - 754302095; 5852408 JF - 22nd Annual Convention of the Association for Psychological Science (APS 2010) AU - Beck, Jennifer AU - Gerrig, Richard Y1 - 2010/05/27/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 27 KW - U 2000:Biological Sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754302095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=22nd+Annual+Convention+of+the+Association+for+Psychological+Science+%28APS+2010%29&rft.atitle=The+Effects+of+Framing+and+Retrieval+Fluency+on+Feeling-Of-Knowing+Judgments&rft.au=Beck%2C+Jennifer%3BGerrig%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Beck&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft.date=2010-05-27&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=22nd+Annual+Convention+of+the+Association+for+Psychological+Science+%28APS+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.psychologicalscience.org/convention/program_2010/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Observing and Explaining the Dynamics of Coastal Fishing Communities: An Application to Ports in Northern California T2 - 3rd National Forum on Socioeconomic Research in Coastal Systems (CNREP 2010) AN - 754269407; 5803706 JF - 3rd National Forum on Socioeconomic Research in Coastal Systems (CNREP 2010) AU - Speir, Cameron AU - Pomeroy, Caroline AU - Sutinen, Jon AU - Thomson, Cynthia Y1 - 2010/05/26/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 26 KW - USA, California KW - Fishing communities KW - Port installations KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754269407?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=3rd+National+Forum+on+Socioeconomic+Research+in+Coastal+Systems+%28CNREP+2010%29&rft.atitle=Observing+and+Explaining+the+Dynamics+of+Coastal+Fishing+Communities%3A+An+Application+to+Ports+in+Northern+California&rft.au=Speir%2C+Cameron%3BPomeroy%2C+Caroline%3BSutinen%2C+Jon%3BThomson%2C+Cynthia&rft.aulast=Speir&rft.aufirst=Cameron&rft.date=2010-05-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=3rd+National+Forum+on+Socioeconomic+Research+in+Coastal+Systems+%28CNREP+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.cnrep.lsu.edu/pdfs/Final%20Conference%20Program%20corrected LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Consumer Preferences for Wild Caught and Farm Raised Seafood: A Comparison Across Species and Consumer Residence States T2 - 3rd National Forum on Socioeconomic Research in Coastal Systems (CNREP 2010) AN - 754262835; 5803679 JF - 3rd National Forum on Socioeconomic Research in Coastal Systems (CNREP 2010) AU - Davidson, Kelly AU - Pan, Minling AU - Hu, Wuyang AU - Poerwanto, Devi Y1 - 2010/05/26/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 26 KW - Seafood KW - Farms KW - Consumers KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754262835?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=3rd+National+Forum+on+Socioeconomic+Research+in+Coastal+Systems+%28CNREP+2010%29&rft.atitle=Consumer+Preferences+for+Wild+Caught+and+Farm+Raised+Seafood%3A+A+Comparison+Across+Species+and+Consumer+Residence+States&rft.au=Davidson%2C+Kelly%3BPan%2C+Minling%3BHu%2C+Wuyang%3BPoerwanto%2C+Devi&rft.aulast=Davidson&rft.aufirst=Kelly&rft.date=2010-05-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=3rd+National+Forum+on+Socioeconomic+Research+in+Coastal+Systems+%28CNREP+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.cnrep.lsu.edu/pdfs/Final%20Conference%20Program%20corrected LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Cost-Efficacy in Wetland Restoration Projects in Coastal Louisiana T2 - 3rd National Forum on Socioeconomic Research in Coastal Systems (CNREP 2010) AN - 754260698; 5803683 JF - 3rd National Forum on Socioeconomic Research in Coastal Systems (CNREP 2010) AU - Merino, Joy AU - Aust, C AU - Johnson, D AU - Caffey, Rex Y1 - 2010/05/26/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 26 KW - USA, Louisiana KW - Environmental restoration KW - Wetlands KW - Habitat improvement KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754260698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=3rd+National+Forum+on+Socioeconomic+Research+in+Coastal+Systems+%28CNREP+2010%29&rft.atitle=Cost-Efficacy+in+Wetland+Restoration+Projects+in+Coastal+Louisiana&rft.au=Merino%2C+Joy%3BAust%2C+C%3BJohnson%2C+D%3BCaffey%2C+Rex&rft.aulast=Merino&rft.aufirst=Joy&rft.date=2010-05-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=3rd+National+Forum+on+Socioeconomic+Research+in+Coastal+Systems+%28CNREP+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.cnrep.lsu.edu/pdfs/Final%20Conference%20Program%20corrected LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Serving Coastal Managers: Insights from NOAA's 2010 National Survey of Coastal Resource Managers T2 - 3rd National Forum on Socioeconomic Research in Coastal Systems (CNREP 2010) AN - 754259291; 5803713 JF - 3rd National Forum on Socioeconomic Research in Coastal Systems (CNREP 2010) AU - Ellis, Chris Y1 - 2010/05/26/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 26 KW - Coastal resources KW - Coastal zone management KW - Marine resources KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754259291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=3rd+National+Forum+on+Socioeconomic+Research+in+Coastal+Systems+%28CNREP+2010%29&rft.atitle=Serving+Coastal+Managers%3A+Insights+from+NOAA%27s+2010+National+Survey+of+Coastal+Resource+Managers&rft.au=Ellis%2C+Chris&rft.aulast=Ellis&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.date=2010-05-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=3rd+National+Forum+on+Socioeconomic+Research+in+Coastal+Systems+%28CNREP+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.cnrep.lsu.edu/pdfs/Final%20Conference%20Program%20corrected LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Economic Status, Performance, and Impacts of the Gulf of Mexico Shrimp Fishery in 2008 T2 - 3rd National Forum on Socioeconomic Research in Coastal Systems (CNREP 2010) AN - 754252010; 5803705 JF - 3rd National Forum on Socioeconomic Research in Coastal Systems (CNREP 2010) AU - Liese, Christopher AU - Isaacs, Jack AU - Miller, Alex Y1 - 2010/05/26/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 26 KW - Mexico Gulf KW - Fisheries KW - Economics KW - Shrimp fisheries KW - Decapoda KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754252010?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=3rd+National+Forum+on+Socioeconomic+Research+in+Coastal+Systems+%28CNREP+2010%29&rft.atitle=Economic+Status%2C+Performance%2C+and+Impacts+of+the+Gulf+of+Mexico+Shrimp+Fishery+in+2008&rft.au=Liese%2C+Christopher%3BIsaacs%2C+Jack%3BMiller%2C+Alex&rft.aulast=Liese&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=2010-05-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=3rd+National+Forum+on+Socioeconomic+Research+in+Coastal+Systems+%28CNREP+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.cnrep.lsu.edu/pdfs/Final%20Conference%20Program%20corrected LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Aligning Methods for Incorporating Ecosystem Services into Evaluation and Monitoring of Wetland Restoration Projects: Policy Implications, Available Approaches and Research Needs T2 - 3rd National Forum on Socioeconomic Research in Coastal Systems (CNREP 2010) AN - 754248569; 5803699 JF - 3rd National Forum on Socioeconomic Research in Coastal Systems (CNREP 2010) AU - Dvarskas, Anthony Y1 - 2010/05/26/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 26 KW - Environmental restoration KW - Wetlands KW - Policies KW - Habitat improvement KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754248569?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=3rd+National+Forum+on+Socioeconomic+Research+in+Coastal+Systems+%28CNREP+2010%29&rft.atitle=Aligning+Methods+for+Incorporating+Ecosystem+Services+into+Evaluation+and+Monitoring+of+Wetland+Restoration+Projects%3A+Policy+Implications%2C+Available+Approaches+and+Research+Needs&rft.au=Dvarskas%2C+Anthony&rft.aulast=Dvarskas&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.date=2010-05-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=3rd+National+Forum+on+Socioeconomic+Research+in+Coastal+Systems+%28CNREP+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.cnrep.lsu.edu/pdfs/Final%20Conference%20Program%20corrected LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Assessing Technical Efficiency Implications of Capacity Reduction Programs: A Study of Vessel Buyouts in California T2 - 3rd National Forum on Socioeconomic Research in Coastal Systems (CNREP 2010) AN - 754248430; 5803668 JF - 3rd National Forum on Socioeconomic Research in Coastal Systems (CNREP 2010) AU - Mamula, Aaron AU - Collier, Trevor AU - Mason, Janet Y1 - 2010/05/26/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 26 KW - USA, California KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754248430?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=3rd+National+Forum+on+Socioeconomic+Research+in+Coastal+Systems+%28CNREP+2010%29&rft.atitle=Assessing+Technical+Efficiency+Implications+of+Capacity+Reduction+Programs%3A+A+Study+of+Vessel+Buyouts+in+California&rft.au=Mamula%2C+Aaron%3BCollier%2C+Trevor%3BMason%2C+Janet&rft.aulast=Mamula&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft.date=2010-05-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=3rd+National+Forum+on+Socioeconomic+Research+in+Coastal+Systems+%28CNREP+2010%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.cnrep.lsu.edu/pdfs/Final%20Conference%20Program%20corrected LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changing Patterns of Microhabitat Utilization by the Threespot Damselfish, Stegastes planifrons, on Caribbean Reefs AN - 746311003; 13091334 AB - The threespot damselfish, Stegastes planifrons (Cuvier), is important in mediating interactions among corals, algae, and herbivores on Caribbean coral reefs. The preferred microhabitat of S. planifrons is thickets of the branching staghorn coral Acropora cervicornis. Within the past few decades, mass mortality of A. cervicornis from white-band disease and other factors has rendered this coral a minor ecological component throughout most of its range. Survey data from Jamaica (heavily fished), Florida and the Bahamas (moderately fished), the Cayman Islands (lightly to moderately fished), and Belize (lightly fished) indicate that distributional patterns of S. planifrons are positively correlated with live coral cover and topographic complexity. Our results suggest that species-specific microhabitat preferences and the availability of topographically complex microhabitats are more important than the abundance of predatory fish as proximal controls on S. planifrons distribution and abundance. The loss of the primary microhabitat of S. planifrons-A. cervicornis-has forced a shift in the distribution and recruitment of these damselfish onto remaining high-structured corals, especially the Montastraea annularis species complex, affecting coral mortality and algal dynamics throughout the Caribbean. JF - PLoS ONE AU - Precht, William F AU - Aronson, Richard B AU - Moody, Ryan M AU - Kaufman, Les AD - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, Key Largo, Florida, United States of America Y1 - 2010/05/26/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 26 PB - BioMed Central Ltd., Middlesex House London W1T 4LB UK VL - 5 IS - 5 KW - Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Animal Behavior Abstracts KW - Belize KW - ASW, Caribbean Sea, Cayman Is. KW - USA, Florida KW - Ecological distribution KW - Abundance KW - Microhabitats KW - ASW, Caribbean Sea, Bahamas KW - Marine fish KW - Fish kill KW - Acropora cervicornis KW - Islands KW - Algae KW - Marine KW - Mortality KW - Data processing KW - Quantitative distribution KW - Recruitment KW - ASW, Caribbean Sea, Greater Antilles, Jamaica KW - Herbivores KW - Coral reefs KW - Microenvironments KW - Montastraea annularis KW - Mortality causes KW - Stegastes planifrons KW - K 03410:Animal Diseases KW - Y 25040:Behavioral Ecology KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/746311003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLoS+ONE&rft.atitle=Changing+Patterns+of+Microhabitat+Utilization+by+the+Threespot+Damselfish%2C+Stegastes+planifrons%2C+on+Caribbean+Reefs&rft.au=Precht%2C+William+F%3BAronson%2C+Richard+B%3BMoody%2C+Ryan+M%3BKaufman%2C+Les&rft.aulast=Precht&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=2010-05-26&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=PLoS+ONE&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0010835 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Fish kill; Herbivores; Quantitative distribution; Ecological distribution; Coral reefs; Recruitment; Microhabitats; Mortality causes; Mortality; Data processing; Islands; Abundance; Microenvironments; Algae; Acropora cervicornis; Montastraea annularis; Stegastes planifrons; Belize; ASW, Caribbean Sea, Cayman Is.; USA, Florida; ASW, Caribbean Sea, Bahamas; ASW, Caribbean Sea, Greater Antilles, Jamaica; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0010835 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - EXXON VALDEZ OIL SPILL RESTORATION PLAN, ALASKA. [Part 1 of 1] T2 - EXXON VALDEZ OIL SPILL RESTORATION PLAN, ALASKA. AN - 873129603; 14354-3_0001 AB - PURPOSE: A more efficient funding mechanism and a narrower scope for restoring the resources and services damaged by the Exxon Valdez oil spill are proposed. On March 24, 1989, the tanker Exxon Valdez ran aground on Bligh Reef in Prince William Sound, Alaska, causing the largest tanker oil spill in U.S. history. Approximately 11 million gallons of crude oil subsequently moved through southwestern Prince William Sound and along the western coast of the Gulf of Alaska. The Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council was formed in 1991, following a $900 million settlement between the Exxon companies, the United States, and the state of Alaska. Of the $780 million of joint trust funds initially managed by the Council, more than $180 million has been used for research, monitoring, and general restoration and more than $375 million has funded habitat protection. Annual program development, implementation and administration costs have totaled more than $45 million. Approximately $15 million will be needed to fund ongoing and final stages of administration and $65 million is currently contractually-committed to multi-year projects, habitat purchases, and other previously approved projects. Therefore, as of spring 2010, approximately $81 million remain available for research, monitoring, and general restoration, and $25 million remain available for habitat acquisition and protection. This supplemental draft EIS analyzes proposals for management of the remaining joint trust funds. Under the No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), the Council would continue its activities in research, monitoring, general restoration and habitat protection as it has done for the last 21 years. Under the proposed action (Alternative 2), the Council would narrow and refine the scope of the Council's monitoring efforts to five restoration categories: herring; lingering oil; long-term monitoring of marine conditions and injured resources; harbor protection, marine restoration, and lessons learned/outreach; and habitat acquisition and protection. In addition, the Council would fund longer-term programs and shift functions, such as scientific and technical review and planning, peer review, and the solicitation and management of individual projects, to the entity responsible for the funded focus area. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed action would continue restoration efforts and advance long-term resource management of injured resources while allowing for strategic and efficient allocation of remaining funds. By narrowing its focus areas and by delegating many of its existing administrative functions to a select number of entities, the Council would streamline and reduce administrative functions and allow the funded entities to design longer-term, integrated programs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Proposed actions could assist in the recovery and long-term management of herring populations, but the level of benefits is uncertain because it is not possible to attribute their population declines solely on the spill. The effects of lingering oil research are also largely unknown. LEGAL MANDATES: Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (42 U.S.C. 961(h)) and Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft and final EISs, see 94-0188D, Volume 18, Number 3 and 94-0385F, Volume 18, Number 5, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100203, 66 pages, May 24, 2010 PY - 2010 VL - 1 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Employment KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Marine Systems KW - Oil Spills KW - Research KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Water Quality KW - Wildlife KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Alaska KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Prince William Sound KW - Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, Compliance KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/873129603?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Full+Text&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-05-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=EXXON+VALDEZ+OIL+SPILL+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+ALASKA.&rft.title=EXXON+VALDEZ+OIL+SPILL+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+ALASKA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-21 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: May 24, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - EXXON VALDEZ OIL SPILL RESTORATION PLAN, ALASKA. AN - 754908596; 14354 AB - PURPOSE: A more efficient funding mechanism and a narrower scope for restoring the resources and services damaged by the Exxon Valdez oil spill are proposed. On March 24, 1989, the tanker Exxon Valdez ran aground on Bligh Reef in Prince William Sound, Alaska, causing the largest tanker oil spill in U.S. history. Approximately 11 million gallons of crude oil subsequently moved through southwestern Prince William Sound and along the western coast of the Gulf of Alaska. The Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council was formed in 1991, following a $900 million settlement between the Exxon companies, the United States, and the state of Alaska. Of the $780 million of joint trust funds initially managed by the Council, more than $180 million has been used for research, monitoring, and general restoration and more than $375 million has funded habitat protection. Annual program development, implementation and administration costs have totaled more than $45 million. Approximately $15 million will be needed to fund ongoing and final stages of administration and $65 million is currently contractually-committed to multi-year projects, habitat purchases, and other previously approved projects. Therefore, as of spring 2010, approximately $81 million remain available for research, monitoring, and general restoration, and $25 million remain available for habitat acquisition and protection. This supplemental draft EIS analyzes proposals for management of the remaining joint trust funds. Under the No Action Alternative (Alternative 1), the Council would continue its activities in research, monitoring, general restoration and habitat protection as it has done for the last 21 years. Under the proposed action (Alternative 2), the Council would narrow and refine the scope of the Council's monitoring efforts to five restoration categories: herring; lingering oil; long-term monitoring of marine conditions and injured resources; harbor protection, marine restoration, and lessons learned/outreach; and habitat acquisition and protection. In addition, the Council would fund longer-term programs and shift functions, such as scientific and technical review and planning, peer review, and the solicitation and management of individual projects, to the entity responsible for the funded focus area. POSITIVE IMPACTS: The proposed action would continue restoration efforts and advance long-term resource management of injured resources while allowing for strategic and efficient allocation of remaining funds. By narrowing its focus areas and by delegating many of its existing administrative functions to a select number of entities, the Council would streamline and reduce administrative functions and allow the funded entities to design longer-term, integrated programs. NEGATIVE IMPACTS: Proposed actions could assist in the recovery and long-term management of herring populations, but the level of benefits is uncertain because it is not possible to attribute their population declines solely on the spill. The effects of lingering oil research are also largely unknown. LEGAL MANDATES: Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (42 U.S.C. 961(h)) and Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.). PRIOR REFERENCES: For the abstract of the draft and final EISs, see 94-0188D, Volume 18, Number 3 and 94-0385F, Volume 18, Number 5, respectively. JF - EPA number: 100203, 66 pages, May 24, 2010 PY - 2010 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - Birds KW - Conservation KW - Employment KW - Fisheries KW - Fisheries Management KW - Harbors KW - Impact Monitoring Plans KW - Land Acquisitions KW - Marine Systems KW - Oil Spills KW - Research KW - Socioeconomic Assessments KW - Water Quality KW - Wildlife KW - Wildlife Habitat KW - Alaska KW - Gulf of Alaska KW - Prince William Sound KW - Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, Compliance KW - Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, Compliance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754908596?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Environmental+Impact+Statements%3A+Digests&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2010-05-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=EXXON+VALDEZ+OIL+SPILL+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+ALASKA.&rft.title=EXXON+VALDEZ+OIL+SPILL+RESTORATION+PLAN%2C+ALASKA.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Name - Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington; DC N1 - Date revised - 2010-07-21 N1 - SuppNotes - Draft. Preparation date: May 24, 2010 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-16 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Meeting societal challenges using marine technology T2 - 2010 OCEANS Conference and Exhibition (IEEE OCEANS 2010 Sydney) AN - 754265505; 5804197 JF - 2010 OCEANS Conference and Exhibition (IEEE OCEANS 2010 Sydney) AU - McLean, Craig Y1 - 2010/05/24/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 24 KW - Marine technology KW - U 4300:Environmental Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754265505?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=2010+OCEANS+Conference+and+Exhibition+%28IEEE+OCEANS+2010+Sydney%29&rft.atitle=Meeting+societal+challenges+using+marine+technology&rft.au=McLean%2C+Craig&rft.aulast=McLean&rft.aufirst=Craig&rft.date=2010-05-24&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=2010+OCEANS+Conference+and+Exhibition+%28IEEE+OCEANS+2010+Sydney%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.oceans10ieeesydney.org/techprogram.cfm LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-08-02 N1 - Last updated - 2010-09-25 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Electron Ionization Mass Spectra and Retention Indices of Phthalate Monoesters and Derivatives T2 - 58th ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics AN - 839665519; 5920850 JF - 58th ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics AU - Liang, Yuxue AU - Zheng, Yufang AU - Stein, Stephen Y1 - 2010/05/23/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 23 KW - {Q1} KW - Phthalates KW - Ionization KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839665519?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=58th+ASMS+Conference+on+Mass+Spectrometry+and+Allied+Topics&rft.atitle=Electron+Ionization+Mass+Spectra+and+Retention+Indices+of+Phthalate+Monoesters+and+Derivatives&rft.au=Liang%2C+Yuxue%3BZheng%2C+Yufang%3BStein%2C+Stephen&rft.aulast=Liang&rft.aufirst=Yuxue&rft.date=2010-05-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=58th+ASMS+Conference+on+Mass+Spectrometry+and+Allied+Topics&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.asms.org/Conferences/AnnualConference/Program/tabid/113/Def LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER - TY - CPAPER T1 - Electron Ionization Mass Spectra of Derivatives of Sulfabenzamide and Related Compounds: Unusual Rearrangement Involving migration of Carbonyl O-Atom T2 - 58th ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics AN - 839664024; 5920843 JF - 58th ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics AU - Todua, Nino AU - Tretyakov, Kirill AU - Borisov, Roman AU - Zhilyaev, Dmitry AU - Zaikin, Vladimir AU - Stein, Stephen AU - Mikaia, Anzor Y1 - 2010/05/23/ PY - 2010 DA - 2010 May 23 KW - {Q1} KW - Migration KW - Carbonyl compounds KW - Ionization KW - Sulfabenzamide KW - Carbonyls KW - Metabolites KW - U 7000:Multidisciplinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839664024?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acpi&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=58th+ASMS+Conference+on+Mass+Spectrometry+and+Allied+Topics&rft.atitle=Electron+Ionization+Mass+Spectra+of+Derivatives+of+Sulfabenzamide+and+Related+Compounds%3A+Unusual+Rearrangement+Involving+migration+of+Carbonyl+O-Atom&rft.au=Todua%2C+Nino%3BTretyakov%2C+Kirill%3BBorisov%2C+Roman%3BZhilyaev%2C+Dmitry%3BZaikin%2C+Vladimir%3BStein%2C+Stephen%3BMikaia%2C+Anzor&rft.aulast=Todua&rft.aufirst=Nino&rft.date=2010-05-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=58th+ASMS+Conference+on+Mass+Spectrometry+and+Allied+Topics&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.asms.org/Conferences/AnnualConference/Program/tabid/113/Def LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-11 N1 - Last updated - 2011-01-14 ER -