{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,17]],"date-time":"2018-04-17T18:02:16Z","timestamp":1523988136925},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The Z-backlighter laser facility primarily consists of two high energy, high-power laser systems. Z-Beamlet laser (ZBL) (Rambo <jats:italic>et\u00a0al.<\/jats:italic>, Appl. Opt. <jats:bold>44<\/jats:bold>, 2421 (2005)) is a multi-kJ-class, nanosecond laser operating at 1054\u00a0nm which is frequency doubled to 527\u00a0nm in order to provide x-ray backlighting of high energy density events on the Z-machine. Z-Petawatt (ZPW) (Schwarz <jats:italic>et\u00a0al.<\/jats:italic>, J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. <jats:bold>112<\/jats:bold>, 032020 (2008)) is a petawatt-class system operating at 1054\u00a0nm delivering up to 500\u00a0J in 500\u00a0fs for backlighting and various short-pulse laser experiments (see also Figure\u00a010 for a facility overview). With the development of the magnetized liner inertial fusion (MagLIF) concept on the Z-machine, the primary backlighting missions of ZBL and ZPW have been adjusted accordingly. As a result, we have focused our recent efforts on increasing the output energy of ZBL from 2 to 4\u00a0kJ at 527\u00a0nm by modifying the fiber front end to now include extra bandwidth (for stimulated Brillouin scattering suppression). The MagLIF concept requires a well-defined\/behaved beam for interaction with the pressurized fuel. Hence we have made great efforts to implement an adaptive optics system on ZBL and have explored the use of phase plates. We are also exploring concepts to use ZPW as a backlighter for ZBL driven MagLIF experiments. Alternatively, ZPW could be used as an additional fusion fuel pre-heater or as a temporally flexible high energy pre-pulse. All of these concepts require the ability to operate the ZPW in a nanosecond long-pulse mode, in which the beam can co-propagate with ZBL. Some of the proposed modifications are complete and most of them are well on their way.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/hpl.2016.30","type":"article-journal","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,21]],"date-time":"2016-10-21T11:34:29Z","timestamp":1477049669000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":"Recent laser upgrades at Sandia\u2019s Z-backlighter facility in order to accommodate new requirements for magnetized liner inertial fusion on the Z-machine","prefix":"10.1017","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Jens","family":"Schwarz","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Rambo","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Darrell","family":"Armstrong","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Marius","family":"Schollmeier","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Smith","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Shores","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Geissel","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Kimmel","affiliation":[]},{"given":"John","family":"Porter","affiliation":[]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"S209547191600030X_r22","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3093(88)90137-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"key":"S209547191600030X_r21","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.19.6583","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"key":"S209547191600030X_r20","DOI":"10.1117\/12.58100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"key":"S209547191600030X_r37","DOI":"10.1117\/12.154474","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"key":"S209547191600030X_r36","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1537853","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"key":"S209547191600030X_r35","author":"Bennett","volume":"77","year":"2006","journal-title":"Rev. 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