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F406 - 13

Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Non-Full-Size Baby Cribs/Play Yards¹

This standard is issued under the fixed designation F406; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon (ɛ) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

¹ This consumer safety specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.18 on Cribs, Toddler Beds, Play Yards, Bassinets, Cradles and Changing Tables.

Current edition approved May 1, 2013. Published May 2013. Originally approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as F406 – 12a. DOI: 10.1520/F0406-13.

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

INTRODUCTION

This consumer safety specification addresses incidents associated with non-full-size cribs/play yards that were identified by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).

Incidents identified by the CPSC and addressed in this standard include asphyxiation due to entrapment in mesh drop side units left with a side down, strangulation by entanglement on protruding hardware, strangulation by button entrapment in mesh openings, strangulation due to failure of the center hinge on a top rail, collapse or failure of the locking devices, collapse of the floor or sides, and choking on vinyl bitten from the top rail. This specification also addresses wooden non-full-size crib injuries or deaths due to entanglement on corner post extensions, dislodgment of slats resulting from breakage or failure of glue joints, collapse of mattress support, detachment of screws, dislodgement of teething rails, and entanglement on cords or strings.

This specification is not intended to cover non-full-size cribs/play yards that are either blatantly misused or abused. This specification is written within current state-of-the-art of non-full-size crib/play yard technology and is intended to be updated if substantive information becomes available that necessitates additional requirements or justifies revision of existing requirements.

1. Scope

1.1

This consumer safety specification establishes testing requirements for structural integrity and performance requirements for non-full-size cribs/play yards, both rigid sided and mesh/fabric assemblies. It also provides requirements for labeling and instructional material. The term unit or product will refer to a non-full-size crib/play yard.

1.2

This specification covers a framed enclosure with a floor made for the purpose of providing sleeping and playing accommodations for a child who cannot climb out and is less than 35 in. (890 mm) in height. It also covers bassinet, changing table, or similar accessories to a non-full size crib/play yard. These accessories shall also comply with the applicable requirements of ASTM standards addressing those accessories. For example, a changing table that attaches to a play yard shall also comply with the applicable requirements in Specification F2388. This specification does not cover inflatable products.

1.3

No product produced after the approval date of this consumer safety specification shall, either by label or other means, indicate compliance with this specification unless it conforms to all applicable requirements contained herein, before and after all testing.

1.4

The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

1.5

The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

NOTE 1 — This consumer safety specification includes the following sections:

[See Table of Contents]

1

2. Referenced Documents

2.1 ASTM Standards: ²

² For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.

2.2 EN Standards: ³

³ Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.

2.3 ISO Standard:

⁴ Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1 rue de Varembé, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland.

2.4 Federal Regulations:

⁵ Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.

3. Terminology

3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:

3.1.1 accessory, n—

component with a rigid frame such as a bassinet or changing table that attaches to a non-full size crib/play yard and that, because of its structure, location, or movement, may expose a non-full size crib/play yard occupant to an opening presenting an entrapment hazard. It does not include: (1) items that hang outside the occupant areas, such as organizers and storage bags, (2) canopies that have no rigid frame members running alongside any top rail, and (3) accessories that attach only to another attachment and not directly to the non-full size crib/play yard.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
Rationale: Definition applies only to accessories that attach to non-full size crib/play yard, not accessories that attach to bassinet or changing table. This would exclude a changing table that attaches only to a bassinet, since a bassinet occupant is not able to push up on hands and knees, and therefore is not at risk from an entrapment hazard.

3.1.2 accessory attachment components, n—

the components that provide the means of attachment for a bassinet/cradle accessory to a play yard. (See Fig. A1.1.)

3.1.3 bassinet/cradle accessory, n—

an elevated sleep surface that attaches to play yard designed to convert the product into a bassinet/cradle intended to have a horizontal sleep surface while in a rest (non-rocking) position.

3.1.4 conspicuous, adj—

Describes a label that is visible, when the unit is in a manufacturer’s recommended use position, to a person standing near the unit at any one position around the unit but not necessarily visible from all positions.

3.1.5 cord, n—

length of slender flexible material including monofilaments, rope, woven and twisted cord, plastic and textile tapes, ribbon, and those materials commonly called string.

3.1.6 corner post, n—

vertical post located at the corner of a product.

3.1.7 dropgate, n—

side that is intended to pivot with respect to the frame when the product is in the manufacturer’s recommended use position to provide easier access to the occupant.
3.1.7.1 Discussion—
Rationale: The word “telescope” was deleted because telescoping sides are really covered under the definition of movable sides. Dropgates are products that pivot only. For reference, the definition of movable side in Consumer Safety Specification F406 is “top portion of an otherwise stationary side that is intended to move with respect to the frame (other than a foldable side) when the product is in the manufacturer’s recommended use position to provide easier access to the occupant.

3.1.8 dynamic load, n—

application of an impulsive force through free fall of a weight.

3.1.9 fabric, n—

any woven, knit, coated, laminated, extruded or calendered flexible material that is intended to be sewn, welded, heat sealed, or glued together as an assembly.

3.1.10 foldable side or end, n—

side or end panel intended to be stationary with respect to the frame when a product is in the manufacturer’s recommended use position, but that folds to allow for carrying or storage of the product.

3.1.11 key structural elements, n—

side assemblies, end assemblies, mattress supports or stabilizing bars which create the occupant retention area.

3.1.12 manufacturer’s recommended use position, n—

Any position that is presented by the manufacturer in any descriptive or instructional literature as a normal, allowable, or acceptable configuration for use of the product . This specifically excludes positions that the manufacturer shows in a like manner in its literature to be unacceptable, unsafe, or not recommended.

3.1.13 mattress, n—

pad with a fabric, vinyl, or other material case filled with resilient material (such as cotton, foam, fiberfill, etc.) used as or on the floor of the unit.

3.1.14 mesh, n—

mesh may be either a woven fabric in which the warp and filling yarns are interlaced, a knitted fabric 3 in which the wales and courses yarns are interlocked, or any other type of fabric that may be developed that provides openings therein.

3.1.15 mesh/fabric unit, n—

unit constructed with a rigid frame assembly and a fabric or mesh assembly, or both, used to function as sides, ends, or floor, or a combination thereof.

3.1.16 moveable side, n—

top portion of an otherwise stationary side that is intended to move with respect to the frame (other than a foldable side) when the product is in the manufacturer’s recommended use position to provide easier access to the occupant.

3.1.17 non-full-size crib, n—

crib that (1) is intended for use in or around the home, for travel and other purposes; and (2) has an interior length dimension either greater than 55 in. (139.7 cm) or smaller than 49 ¾ in. (126.3 cm), or an interior width dimension greater than 30 ⅝ in. (77.7 cm) or smaller than 25 ⅜ in. (64.3 cm), or both.
3.1.17.1 Discussion—
This does not include mesh/net/screen cribs, nonrigidly constructed cribs, cradles (both rocker and pendulum types), car beds, baby baskets and bassinets (also known as junior cribs). Non-full-size crib includes, but is not limited to, the following:
3.1.17.2 oversize crib, n—
non-full-size crib with an interior length dimension greater than 55 in. (139.7 cm), or an interior width dimension greater than 30 ⅝ in. (77.7 cm), or both.
3.1.17.3 portable crib, n—
non-full-size crib designed so that it may be folded or collapsed, without disassembly, to occupy a volume substantially less than the volume it occupies when it is used.
3.1.17.4 specialty crib, n—
unconventionally shaped (circular, hexagonal, etc.) non-full-size crib incorporating a special mattress or other unconventional components.
3.1.17.5 undersize crib, n—
non-full-size crib with an interior length dimension smaller than 49 ¾ in. (126.3 cm), or an interior width dimension smaller than 25 ⅜ in. (64.3 cm), or both.

3.1.18 non-paper label, n—

any label material (such as plastic or metal) that either will not tear without the aid of tools or tears leaving a sharply defined edge or labels made from fabric.

3.1.19 occupant, n—

that individual who is in a product that is set up in one of the manufacturer’s recommended use positions.

3.1.20 paper label, n—

any label material that tears without the aid of tools and leaves a fibrous edge.

3.1.21 play yard (aka playpen), n—

framed enclosure that includes a floor and has mesh or fabric sided panels primarily intended to provide a play or sleeping environment for children. It may fold for storage or travel.

3.1.22 protrusion, n—

projection on the unit over which an item worn by a child may become hooked.

3.1.23 rigid sided product, n—

product with sides/ends constructed of rigid materials like wood, plastic, or metal generally configured as a horizontal rail/vertical slat assembly.

3.1.24 seam, n—

means of joining fabric components such as sewing, welding, heat sealing, or gluing.

3.1.25 static load, n—

vertically downward force applied by a calibrated force gage or dead weights.

3.1.26 stationary side, n—

side or end panel that is not intended to fold, slide, or move with respect to the frame when the product is in the manufacturer’s recommended use position.

3.1.27 strap, n—

piece of flexible material of which the width is significantly greater than the thickness.

3.1.28 structural failure, n—

damage to a component(s) or assembly resulting in partial separation (greater than 0.04 in. (1 mm) over original configuration), or complete separation of the component(s) or assembly.

4. Calibration and Standardization

4.1

All testing shall be conducted on a concrete floor that may be covered with ⅛-in. (3-mm) thick vinyl flooring cover, unless test instructs differently.

4.2

The unit shall be completely assembled, unless otherwise noted, in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.

4.3

No testing shall be conducted within 48 h of manufacturing.

4.4

The product to be tested shall be preconditioned in a room with ambient temperature of 73 ± 9°F (23 ± 5°C) for at least 1 h prior to testing. Testing shall then be conducted within this temperature range.

4.5

All testing required by this specification shall be conducted on the same unit.

5. General Requirements

5.1 Corner Posts:

5.1.1

No corner post assembly shall extend more than 0.06 in. (1.50 mm) above the upper edge of an end or side panel, whichever is higher, when measured from the lowest point on the upper edge of the end or side panel within 3 in. (76 mm) from the outermost contour of the post or elbow (see Fig. A1.2).
5.1.1.1
This requirement applies when any moveable side is in either the raised or lowered position.

5.1.2

The limitations in 5.1.1 do not apply to a corner post assembly that extends at least 16 in. (400 mm) above the uppermost surface of the side rail in its highest position.

5.1.3

Corner posts intended to accept removable vertical extensions made up of two or more segments (such as canopy post extensions) shall not permit the attachment of individual segments such that the resultant vertical extension would be in violation of the dimensional requirements of 5.1.

5.1.4

The dimensional requirements in 5.1 shall also apply to vertical members of circular cribs.

5.2

There shall be no hazardous sharp points or edges as defined by 16 CFR 1500.48 and 16 CFR 1500.49 before or after testing to this specification.
4

5.3

There shall be no small parts, as defined by 16 CFR 1501, before testing or liberated as a result of testing in accordance with this specification.

5.4

The paint and surface coating on the product shall comply to 16 CFR 1303.

5.5

There shall be no flammable solids as defined in 16 CFR 1500.3 (c) (6) (vi) before or after testing in accordance with this specification.

5.6 Scissoring, Shearing, or Pinching:

5.6.1

A product, when in the manufacturer’s recommended use position, shall be designed and constructed to prevent injury to the occupant from any scissoring, shearing, or pinching when members or components rotate about a common axis or fastening point, slide, pivot, fold, or otherwise move relative to one another. Scissoring, shearing, or pinching that may cause injury shall not be permissible when the edges of the rigid parts admit a probe that is greater than 0.210 in. (5.30 mm) and less than 0.375 in. (9.50 mm) diameter at any accessible point throughout the range of motion of such parts.

5.6.2

Products that allow the top rail to be in a lowered position when the unit is erected, as shown in Fig. A1.3, shall be evaluated for the potential for scissoring, shearing or pinching. Those components of the top rail, its hinges, locks, or mechanism that are deemed to be capable of scissoring, shearing or pinching shall be tested in accordance with 5.6.2.1-5.6.2.4.
5.6.2.1
At all intersections of the drop top rail with the top rail saddle (Point A, Fig. A1.3), the insertion of a probe greater than 0.210 in. (5.30 mm) in diameter and less than 0.375 in. (9.50 mm) in diameter to a depth of more than 0.210 in. (5.30 mm) shall not be permitted in any position throughout the range of motion of the top rail.
5.6.2.2
All intersections of the hinge legs and saddle with the drop top rail and the inclined leg (Point B, Fig. A1.3) where no padding of ¼ in. (6.30 mm) or less exists, shall allow a 0.375-in. (9.50-mm) diameter probe to pass between adjacent members in any and all positions when rotating the hinge legs about their respective pivots.
5.6.2.3
The hinge legs shall allow a 0.375-in. (9.50-mm) diameter probe to pass between said hinge legs in any and all positions allowed when rotating the hinge legs about their respective pivots.
5.6.2.4
At all intersections of the drop side rail locking mechanism (hinge legs with the saddle) (Point C, Fig. A1.3) the intersection of the probe greater than 0.210 in. (5.30 mm) in diameter, and less than 0.375 in. (9.50 mm) in diameter, and greater than 0.210 in. (5.30 mm) deep within the intersecting parts in any and all positions shall not be permitted.

5.7

Toy accessories attached to, removed from, or sold with a product, as well as their means of attachment, must meet applicable requirements of Specification F963.

5.8 Latching and Locking Mechanisms:

5.8.1

All latches that are intended to be latched and unlatched during normal use while the child is in the product shall engage automatically when placed in the use position before and after testing. Latches may be manually activated to allow placement into the use position but must engage automatically when released.

5.8.2

Any unit that folds shall have a latching or locking device or other provision in the design that will prevent the unit from unintentionally folding when properly placed in the manufacturer’s recommended use position.
5.8.2.1
During and upon completion of all testing, the unit shall remain in its manufacturer’s recommended use position.

5.8.3

If a unit is designed with a latching or locking device:
5.8.3.1
That device shall remain engaged and operative after testing.
5.8.3.2
Each single-action locking or latching device that is provided to prevent folding shall require a minimum force of 10 lbf (45 N) to activate the release mechanism when tested in accordance with 8.13.2.
5.8.3.3
Each double-action locking or latching device that is provided to prevent folding shall require two distinct and separate actions for release. There are no force requirements for double-action locking or latching devices. For a device that is located under the mattress, the removal of a mattress is considered one of the two required actions for the release of a double action device.
5.8.3.4
Product designs requiring latching or locking of a top rail(s) to prevent folding that include central hinge(s) and rail assembly(ies) that moves downward when folded, as shown in Fig. A1.4, shall have a locking device that automatically engages when placed in a manufacturer’s recommended use position.
5.8.3.5
No top rail shall give the appearance of being in the manufacturer’s recommended use position unless the locking device is fully engaged. If the product has a latching device that automatically engages and is intended to be set up by first erecting the side rails, and then depressing a center floor hub, the product shall be evaluated for false latch by testing in accordance with 8.27.

5.9 Openings:

5.9.1

Holes or slots that extend entirely through a wall section of any rigid material less than 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) thick and admit a 0.210-in. (5.33-mm) diameter rod shall also admit a 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) diameter rod. Holes or slots that are between 0.210 in. (5.33 mm) and 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) and have a wall thickness less than 0.375 in. (9.53 mm), but are limited in depth to 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) maximum by another rigid surface shall be permissible (see Fig. A1.5). The product shall be evaluated in all manufacturer’s recommended use positions. Holes and openings in surfaces that are in contact with the floor or are below the mattress support and more than 3 in. (76 mm) in from the perimeter of the frame or outer perimeter of the occupant space of a play yard or non full-size crib are exempt from this requirement because they are deemed not accessible to the occupant or child on the outsides of the product.

5.9.2

Openings in the surface of a mattress support made of a rigid material shall be designed to prevent entrapment of fingers, toes, hands, or feet if the occupant can readily move, lift, or fold the mattress to expose the opening. This requirement does not apply to rigid-sided products where the total 5 thickness of the mattress including all fabric or vinyl layers, filling material, and any structural members such as wood, hardboard, etc. exceeds 2 ½ in. Round openings shall comply with 5.9.1 and shall not exceed 1.25 in. (32 mm) in diameter. For other shaped openings, the opening shall comply with 5.9.1 and any linear continuous portion of an opening that admits a 0.375-in. (9.5-mm) diameter rod must fit within a 1.25-in. (32-mm) diameter circle.

NOTE 2 — Rationale: The minor dimension of 0.210 and the major dimension of 0.375 is to prevent finger and toe entrapments in accessible holes and slots in juvenile products intended for children 6 to 24 months of age. These dimensional requirements are currently the standard for many juvenile products. This subcommittee is not aware of incident data that would support a change to these dimensions.

Adding the phrase “through a wall section of a rigid material less than 0.375 in.” simplifies the testing procedure and is similar to existing international standards and Specification F963. International standards (EN 716–1: 1995 and EN 12227–1:1999) state a depth of 10 mm (0.394 in.) which is similar to the proposed 0.375 in. thickness. The thickness of 0.375 is also greater than existing toy standards Specification F963 and IS0 8124-1:2000, which is only 0.062 in. thick.

The evaluation is limited to holes and openings that are accessible inside the play yard or accessible to a child outside the play yard. The areas of a play yard or non-full-size crib that are not accessible are those components and surfaces on the underside of the floor and support structure that are some distance in from the outer perimeter, for example, tubing, center floor support hub, and the hardboard mattress support.

The requirements to not apply to mattresses with a thickness greater than 2 ½ in. because the occupant is unlikely to be able to access the mattress support under such a thick mattress.

5.10 Protective Components—

If the child can grasp components between the thumb and forefinger, or teeth, (such as caps, sleeves, or plugs used for protection from sharp edges, points, or entrapment of fingers or toes) or if there is at least a 0.040-in. (1.00-mm) gap between the component and its adjacent parent component, such component shall not be removed when tested in accordance with 8.21.

5.11 Labeling:

5.11.1

Warning labels (whether paper or nonpaper) shall be permanent when tested in accordance with 8.18.

5.11.2

Warning statements applied directly onto the surface of the product by hot stamping, heat transfer, printing, wood burning, etc. shall be permanent when tested in accordance with 8.19.

5.11.3

Nonpaper labels shall not liberate small parts when tested in accordance with 8.20.

5.11.4

Storage pouch or other part with warning statements printed on it, excluding labels, shall be considered permanent if it cannot be removed when tested in accordance with 8.23.

5.12 Stability—

When subjected to the test described in 8.17, a minimum of three perimeter support points of the product not in a straight line shall remain in contact with the inclined plane. Products with an adjustable mattress support shall be tested with the mattress in the lowest adjustment position.

5.13 Cord/Strap Length—

No cord or strap made of a flexible material such as fabric, elastic, or plastic having a free stretched length in excess of 7.4 in. (188 mm) shall be attached to a product. Test in accordance with 8.24.

5.14 Coil Springs—

Any exposed coil spring that is accessible to the occupant, having or capable of generating a space between coils of 0.210 in. (5.30 mm) or greater during static load testing specified in 8.6, 8.11, 8.12, and 8.13 shall be covered or otherwise designed to prevent injury from entrapment.

5.15 Entrapment in Accessories—

These requirements apply to accessories as defined in 3.1.1 that attach to or rest on a non-full size crib/play yard. (See Fig. A1.6 for an example of an accessory that attaches to the play yard on one side and rests on the play yard on the other side.) These requirements do not apply to bassinet and changing table accessories that make the non-full size crib/play yard unusable when the accessory is assembled according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The non-full size crib/play yard is considered to be unusable if the accessory requires the non-full size crib/play yard floor to be removed from the non-full size crib/play yard and used in whole in the accessory. In this section, the small head probe prescribed is shown in Fig. A1.7; the large head probe prescribed is shown in Fig. A1.8.

5.15.1

When tested in accordance with the procedure in 8.26.2 openings shall not allow the complete passage of the small head probe, unless they allow the complete passage of the large head probe.

5.15.2

When tested in accordance with the procedure in 8.26.3, any opening exposed by the test shall not allow the complete passage of the small head probe.

5.15.3 Rationale—

The entrapment test is to address entrapment when an accessory is added to a non-full size crib/play yard that could create an opening that may entrap an occupant’s head. Openings shall be evaluated with accessories in any possible location. Openings are also evaluated after application of a 25-lbf force to the small head probe. This is the same force used to evaluate entrapment in shelves in the changing table standard. A 25-lbf force is also used in evaluating mattress support systems in the current non-full size crib/play yard/nonfull-size and full-size crib standards. The small head probe represents the 5th percentile 6-month-old child because that is the youngest child having the developmental abilities to become entrapped.

5.15.4

With the accessory installed on the play yard/non-full size crib per the manufacturer’s instructions, cords and straps on the accessory, whether fastened or unfastened, must not be capable of forming a loop in conjunction with the product that allows complete passage of the small head probe. Restraints straps shall be evaluated in all possible configurations, other than the manufacturer’s intended use position fastened on top of the product surface. In addition, restraint straps are to be evaluated as follows:
5.15.4.1 Evaluation on Underside of Accessory—
If any restraint component can be pushed or pulled with a force less than 25 lb through any opening that extends completely through the accessory, the restraint component shall be pushed or pulled through the accessory and evaluated in the fastened and unfastened condition below the lowest surface on the underside of the accessory (see Fig. A1.9). Any loop(s) formed shall not allow complete passage of the small head probe.
5.15.4.2
When fastened per the manufacturer’s instructions, extended to their greatest length and draped over the side of the accessory (see Fig. A1.10), restraint straps shall not allow 6 complete passage of the small head probe below the lowest surface on the underside of the accessory.

5.16 Mattress:

5.16.1

Each product shall be sold with the mattress included.

5.16.2

For mesh/fabric products, the filling material of the mattress such as foam, fiberfill, etc. shall not exceed 1 in. (25 mm) in thickness. The total thickness of the mattress including all fabric or vinyl layers, filling material and any structural members such as wood, hardboard, etc. shall not exceed 1 ½ in. (38.1 mm).

5.17 Mattresses for Rigid Sided Products (see Fig. A1.11 and Fig. A1.12):

5.17.1 Mattress Thickness:

5.17.1.1
A mattress supplied with a non-full-size crib shall, in a noncompressed state, have a thickness that will provide a minimum effective crib-side height dimension of at least 20 in. (50.8 cm) as measured from the upper surface of the crib side or end panel, or both. For this measurement, the crib side shall be in its highest adjustable position and the mattress support in its lowest adjustable position.
5.17.1.2
A mattress supplied with a non-full-size crib shall, in a noncompressed state, have a thickness that will provide a minimum effective crib-side height dimension of at least 3 in. (7.6 cm) as measured from the upper surface of the mattress to the upper surface of the crib side or end panel, or both. For this measurement, the crib side shall be in its lowest adjustable position and the mattress support in its highest adjustable position.

5.17.2 Mattress Dimensions—

The dimensions of a mattress supplied with a non-full-size crib shall be such that the mattress, when inserted in the center of the crib, in a noncompressed state at any of the adjustable positions of the mattress support, shall not leave a gap of more than ½ in. (1.3 cm) at any point between the perimeter of the mattress and the perimeter of the crib. When the mattress is placed against the perimeter of the crib the resulting gap shall not exceed 1 in. (2.6 cm).

5.18 Protrusions—

Neither string on the weight gage shall stay attached to a protrusion when tested in accordance with 8.25.

5.19 Bassinet/Cradle Accessories – Missing Accessory Attachment Components:

5.19.1

Bassinet/cradle accessories that have all accessory attachment components permanently attached to the bassinet /cradle accessory, or by any permanent means prohibiting their removal from the bassinet/cradle accessory, are exempt from the requirements described in 5.19.2.

5.19.2

Bassinet/cradle accessories which require consumer assembly of accessory attachment component(s), and that can be assembled and attached to the product with any accessory attachment component(s) missing, shall meet either 5.19.2.1 or 5.19.2.2 when each accessory attachment component not permanently attached is removed.
5.19.2.1
The bassinet/cradle accessory shall collapse such that any part of the mattress pad contacts the bottom floor of the play yard or is not able to support the 4.0 lbm test mass when tested to 8.31.
5.19.2.2
The bassinet/cradle accessory sleep surface shall tilt by more than 30° when tested to 8.31.

NOTE 3 — Rationale: The Bassinet/cradle missing accessory attachment components requirements were included to address IDI110825CAA2853 involving a bassinet accessory used in a play yard where accessory attachment components were omitted during the assembly, installation and use of the bassinet accessory. The omission of such critical components may result in a hazardous condition. The requirement allows for visual cues for the bassinet accessory during testing including collapse or surface tilt of at least 30°. These requirements were considered obvious cues to the consumer to indicate that the product is not assembled or installed correctly. Children weighing less than 4 lb are typically not released from the hospital consequently the 4-lb mass is based on the minimum expected weight of the youngest occupant.

5.20 Record Keeping—

The manufacturer or importer shall keep and maintain for 6 years after production or importation of each lot or other identifying unit of rigid non-full-size cribs, records of sale and distribution. These records shall be made available upon request at reasonable times to any officer, employee, or agent acting on behalf of the Consumer Product Safety Commission. The manufacturer or importer shall permit such officer, employee, or agent to inspect and copy such records, to make such inventories of stock as he or she deems necessary, and to otherwise verify the accuracy of such records.

6. Performance Requirements for Rigid Sided Products

6.1

Before and after all testing, the product shall comply with the requirements of Section 5.

6.2 Crib-Side Height (see Fig. A1.11 and Fig. A1.12):

6.2.1

For moveable sides, with the mattress support in its highest adjustable position and the crib side in its lowest adjustable position, the vertical distance from the upper surface of the mattress support to the upper surface of the crib side or end panel, or both, shall not be less than 5 in. (12.7 cm).

6.2.2

For stationary sides, with the mattress support in its highest adjustable position, the vertical distance from the upper surface of the uncompressed mattress to the upper surface of the crib side or end panel, or both, shall not be less than 9 in. (22.8 cm).

6.2.3

With the mattress support in its lowest adjustable position and the crib side in its highest adjustable position, the vertical distance from the upper surface of the mattress support to the upper surface of the crib side or end panel, or both, shall not be less than 22 in. (55.8 cm).

6.2.4 Crib Side Configurations—

Cribs with side(s) having moveable components intended to aid in access to the occupant shall have those sides rigidly attached to the crib ends and contain no movable section less than 14 in. (35.6 cm) from the top of the non-compressed mattress with the mattress support in its lowest adjustable position.

6.2.5 Rationale—

This requirement effectively bans standard drop sides. The 14 in. dimension is based on the requirements of 16 CFR 1509.9 which requires that the mattress supplied with the product in a non-compressed state shall provide a minimum effective crib-side height dimension of at least 20 in. 7 with the crib side in the highest position and the mattress support in the lowest position. A 6-in. drop gate reduces this height to 14 in.

6.3 Spacing of Unit Components:

6.3.1 Uniformly Spaced Components—

The distance between adjacent, uniformly spaced components (such as slats, spindles, or corner posts, or a combination thereof) shall not be greater than 2 ⅜ in. (6 cm). The distance between any such adjacent components shall not exceed 2 ½ in. (6.3 cm) at any point when subjected to the test procedure specified in 8.2.

6.3.2 Nonuniformly Spaced Components:

6.3.2.1
The distance between adjacent nonuniformly spaced components (such as slats, spindles, or corner posts, or a combination thereof) shall preclude passage of block A, specified in 8.1, when inserted in any orientation (nonuniformly spaced components referes to irregularly shaped crib slats whether parallel to each other or not).
6.3.2.2
The spacing between any such adjacent components shall preclude passage of block B, specified in 8.1, when inserted in any orientation immediately above and below the loading wedge specified in 8.1 while the components are being subjected to the test procedure specified in 8.2.

6.4 Hardware:

6.4.1

The hardware in a non-full-size crib shall be designed and constructed to eliminate pinching, bruising, lacerating, crushing, amputating, or other potentials for injury, or a combination thereof, when the crib is in normal use or when subjected to reasonably foreseeable damage or abuse.

6.4.2

Non-full-size cribs shall incorporate locking or latching devices for dropgates or other moveable sides. These devices shall require either a minimum force of 10 lb (4.5 kg) for activation or at least two distinct actions to release them.

6.5 Fasteners:

6.5.1 Wood Screws:

6.5.1.1
Wood screws shall not be used in the assembly of key structural elements that must be removed by the consumer in the normal disassembly of a crib.
6.5.1.2
No crib shall require consumer assembly of key structural elements using wood screw fasteners. This shall not apply to drawers or other storage components or accessory items.

6.5.2

Factory assembly using wood screws on key structural elements is allowed if the wood screws are a second method of attachment or the wood screws include a lock washer, glue, or other means to impede loosening or detachment.

6.5.3

Metal inserts with external wood screw threads for screwing into a wood component and providing internal machine threads to accommodate a machine screw shall be glued or include other means to impede loosening or detaching.

6.5.4

Wood screws are permitted be used as the primary fasteners or only fasteners for non-key structural elements.

6.5.5

Metal to metal threaded fasteners, such as sheet metal screws and machine screws, secured into metal components and used to attach key structural elements shall have lock washers, self-locking nuts or other means to impede loosening as defined in 6.16.2 or detachment during the testing required by this standard.

6.5.6 Rationale—

These requirements apply to fasteners that are used to create the enclosure for the occupant and are limited to fasteners that secure the sides to the corner posts or mattress support to the crib, or both. For these locations, a wood screw or threaded insert shall not be used as the primary attachment method unless the wood screw or threaded insert includes a supplemental means to impede loosening or detachment. The primary method of attachment must function to secure the component without the wood screw. The wood screw may be used as an additional means of securing the components. Examples of primary methods of attachment are wood glue joints, threaded steel inserts that are screwed into wood for using machine screws, rivets, etc.

6.6 Construction and Finishing:

6.6.1

All wood surfaces of non-full-size cribs shall be smooth and free from splinters.

6.6.2

All wood parts of non-full-size cribs shall be free from splits, cracks, or other defects that might lead to structural failure.

6.6.3

Ends and sides of non-full-size cribs shall have no horizontal bar, ledge, projections, or other surface accessible to the child inside the crib that could be used as a toehold (any ledge or projection with a depth dimension greater than ⅜ in. (1 cm) located less than 16 in. (40.6 cm) above the mattress support in its lowest adjustable position when the crib side is in its highest adjustable position.

6.7 Requirements for Cutouts—

Non-full-size cribs shall comply with the test requirements of 8.3.

6.8

The performance testing requirements of 6.11-6.17 shall be performed in the following order:

6.9 Rationale—

The teething rail test should precede the other testing as it does not relate to the structural integrity of the product. Cyclic side shake testing should come next as the 72 000 cycles will subject the entire product to the simulated stresses that a non-full-size crib would undergo during a lifetime of shaking by a user. Crib side latch testing should immediately follow the cyclic testing as this is the assembly which would most likely to be affected by cyclic stresses. This should then be followed by the vertical impact testing and the mattresses support testing which is the assembly most likely to the affected by the vertical impact stresses. This should then be followed by the crib side impact which subjects the side rails to repeated impacts. The spindle/slat strength test should come last as these structural elements are the most likely to be affected by the sum of all the preceding cyclic and impact tests.

6.10

Screws and bolts that are normally removed or loosened to disassemble the product shall be retightened between the crib side latch and the mattress support vertical impact testing.
8

6.11 Plastic Teething Rail:

6.11.1

This test consists of deforming the plastic teething rail under load to determine the security of the attachment.

6.11.2

Failure occurs when the feeler gage as defined in 8.4.1.1 can freely enter into a gap created by the deflection or deformation of the plastic teething rail, or both, when tested in accordance with 8.4.

6.12 Cyclic Test—

No crib shall exhibit structural failure, loosening of fasteners as defined in 6.12.1, damage to latching or locking mechanisms, or failure of latching or locking mechanisms when tested in accordance with the test methods in 8.5.

6.12.1

After testing in accordance with the procedure in 8.5, key structural elements attached by screws or threaded fasteners shall not have separated by more than 0.04 in. (1.00 mm) upon completion of testing.

6.13 Side(s) or End(s) Latch Testing, or Both—

This test assists in evaluating the integrity of the dropgate(s) or end(s) latching system, or both, under abusive load conditions.

6.13.1 Dropgate or Other Moveable Side Latch Testing:

6.13.1.1
This test consists of loading the end while a prescribed force is applied to the dropgate or other moveable side(s) (see 8.6.3 or 8.6.4, whichever is appropriate).
6.13.1.2
The latching mechanism shall not disengage during testing and shall continue to function in the intended manner upon completion of the testing.

6.13.2 Foldable Side or End Latch Testing:

6.13.2.1
This test consists of loading the latches intended to prevent folding of the side when in the manufacturer’s recommended use position (see 8.6.5).
6.13.2.2
The latching mechanism shall not disengage during testing and shall continue to function in the intended manner upon completion of the testing.

6.14 Mattress Support System Vertical Impact Test Requirements—

After testing in accordance with the procedure in 8.7, the non-full size crib shall comply with the requirements of Section 5. Key structural elements attached by screws shall not have separated by more than 0.04 in. (1.00 mm) upon completion of testing.

6.15 Mattress Support System Testing—

These tests assist in evaluating the integrity of the attachment of the mattress support to the product.

6.15.1

A mattress support that is fixed with respect to the unit frame, is tested in accordance with 8.8. Test failure occurs if the mattress support system becomes detached from the frame at any point of attachment, or if the force cannot be maintained.

6.15.2

A mattress support that is not fixed on opposite sides to the unit frame (for example, a hinged support or a support created by a recessed area in which the mattress support sits) is tested by gradually applying a 25-lbf (110-N) force in any direction to the mattress support to evaluate its attachment to the unit. The force is to be applied to the mattress support in each adjustment position. Test failure occurs if:
6.15.2.1
Any fixed portion of the mattress support system becomes detached from the unit at any point of attachment.
6.15.2.2
Any free-moving portion of the mattress support system that does not return to its intended use position once the force is removed. The force shall be removed after the force of 25 lbf (110 N) has been applied or the edge of the mattress support has been lifted at least 12 in. (300 mm).

6.16 Crib Side Test Requirements:

6.16.1

After completion of the cyclic and static portions of the side tests (see 8.9), the crib shall comply with the requirements of Section 5 and no spindles or slats shall have broken or completely separated from the top or bottom rail. Complete separation shall be determined by placing a right triangular prism shaped wedge (see Fig. A1.13) between two spindles or slats adjacent to the rail from which these have separated and applying a 20-lbf (90-N) pull force to the wedge in a direction normal to the plane of the crib side. If a spindle or slat moves away from the hole in the rail in which it was formerly secured, complete separation has occurred.

6.16.2

Components attached by screws shall not have separated by more than 0.04 in. (1 mm) upon completion of testing.

6.16.3

Any spindles or slats that could be rotated during the torque test shall comply with the spacing of crib components of Section 5 when turned to their most adverse position.

6.17 Spindle/Slat Strength Testing—

After testing in accordance with the procedure in 8.10, there shall be no complete breakage of any spindle/slat or complete separation of either end of a spindle/slat from the crib assembly’s horizontal members when tested per 8.10.2 and 8.10.3 except as explained in 8.10.4. Any failure, as defined in this paragraph, when testing per 8.10.4 and 8.10.5 shall constitute a failure of the test. Audible indications during testing shall not constitute evidence of failure. After testing, the spacing of spindles/slats shall comply with requirements of 6.3.

6.18

Non-full-size crib designs shall allow assembly of key structural elements only in the manufacturer’s recommended use position or have permanent markings that indicate their correct orientation. The markings must be conspicuous in any misassembled state.

7. Performance Requirements for Mesh/Fabric Products

7.1

The product shall comply with the requirements of Section 5 before and after all testing in this section unless noted otherwise. The tests shall be performed in the order listed in this section.

NOTE 4 — Mesh/fabric products that include a rigid side, end, or floor should be tested in accordance with Section 6 on that side, end, or floor.

7.2 Height of Sides—

With mattress support in its lowest position, the height of sides of a unit shall be a minimum of 20 in. (508 mm) from the top of the non-compressed pad to the top of the side rail when the side rail is in its fully erected position.

7.3 Side Deflection and Strength—

All tests in this section are to be performed sequentially.

7.3.1

Top rails and supporting members of the unit shall withstand a static load and shall not fracture, disengage, fold, or have a permanent deflection that reduces the height to less than that specified in 7.2 when tested in accordance with 8.11.2.2.
9

7.3.2

The side of the unit shall not deflect under load to a height less than 18 in. (460 mm) when measured vertically at the location where the load is applied when tested in accordance with 8.11.2.3.

7.3.3

The top rail and locking mechanism of the units having a top rail assembly with a central hinge (see Fig. A1.4) shall not break or disengage when tested in accordance with 8.11.2.4.

7.4 Floor Strength—

The floor of the unit shall withstand application of a static load and a dynamic load when tested in accordance with 8.12. After completion of the test, the product shall comply with all requirements in Section 5 and have no structural failure in the frame, sides, ends, or floor.

7.5 Top Rail Covering Material—

When unsupported or non-reinforced vinyls are used to cover any top rail or component, the thickness of the vinyl shall not be less than 0.011 in. (0.28 mm) when measured in accordance with 8.22.

7.6 Mesh Requirements:

7.6.1 Mesh Openings—

Openings in the mesh shall be designed to prevent entrapment of fingers and toes and the snaring of buttons normally used in infant clothing. A mesh opening shall not admit a 0.250-in. (6.30-mm) diameter rod with a full-radius tip, when tested in accordance with 8.14.

7.6.2 Mesh Strength—

No mesh shall, when tested in accordance with 8.15:
7.6.2.1
Break or rupture, or
7.6.2.2
Become separated from its supporting structure or accessories.

7.7 Fabric Material Requirements:

7.7.1 Fabric Strength:

7.7.1.1
Fabric materials used for sides, ends, or floor support, excluding mesh, shall have a breaking strength of at least 50 lbf (220 N) when tested in a dry condition in accordance with the grab test in the section on Preparation of Specimens of Test Method D5034, in both the warp and fill directions.
7.7.1.2
Fabric materials, used for sides, ends, or floor support excluding mesh, shall have a tear resistance of at least 2 lbf (9 N) when tested in accordance with Test Method D1424 (Elmendorf) in both the warp and fill direction.

7.8 Mesh/Fabric Assembly Requirements:

7.8.1 Sewn Assembly—

All stitching that is used in the sides, ends, or floor support and is accessible to the occupant shall be lock-stitching or a chain stitch where the key thread is not accessible to the occupant. The key thread is a thread at the end of a seam that if pulled will pull the stitching apart and disassemble the sewn assembly.

7.8.2 Seam Strength—

All seams used in the sides, ends, or floor support of the unit shall, when tested in accordance with Test Method D1683, have a breaking strength of not less than 30 lbf (130 N).

NOTE 5 — Samples required in this section should be taken from a new product assembly or representative raw materials, or both.

7.8.3 Mesh/Fabric Attachment Strength—

All locations where a mesh/fabric or fabric assembly is mechanically fastened to a rigid structural element (for example, fastening of the mesh/fabric side to the perimeter of the hardwood floor) shall not disengage or deform under a load such that the fabric can be disassembled when tested in accordance with 8.16.

7.9 Mattress Vertical Displacement:

7.9.1

For the configurations described in 7.9.1.1 and 7.9.1.2, the change in mattress vertical displacement shall be less than 5.25 in. (133 mm) when tested in accordance with 8.28. For multi-use products, this requirement shall only be applied in their play yard mode.
7.9.1.1
Mattress assemblies that incorporate an integral floor structure and which are intended by the manufacturer to be removable.
7.9.1.2
Products that incorporate a removable segmented floor structure separate from a removable mattress when the play yard is in the manufacturer’s recommended use position. The removable mattress shall be removed from the product prior to testing in accordance with 8.28.

7.10 Top Rail Configuration—

Play yards containing one or more rigid top rails that contain a central hinge/latching device(s) to lock the top rail in the use position and move vertically downward from the use position when unlocked (see Fig. A1.4) must meet the requirements detailed in 7.10.1 and, if applicable, 7.10.2. Non-rigid top rails must meet the requirements specified in 7.10.3.

7.10.1

The play yard shall allow the horizontal spacing probe (see Fig. A1.14) to be inserted between top rail segments to a depth equal to or greater than the horizontal width of the top rail segments when tested in accordance with 8.29.1.

7.10.2

The included (inside) angle between play yard top rail segments when one side of the hinge/latching device is locked shall be at least 75° within 3 in. of the hinge/latching device when tested in accordance with 8.29.2. Products which do not allow top rail segments to be locked separately are exempt from this requirement.

7.10.3

The play yard shall not allow simultaneous contact of surface or corners as defined in Table 1 using Test Template B when tested in accordance with 8.29.3.

NOTE 6 — Rationale: The requirements in 7.10 for Top Rail Configuration are intended to address entrapment hazards associated with frames folding and creating a “V” shape when in their use position.

TABLE 1 Simultaneous Contact Failure Combinations With Test Template B
Combination # Simultaneously Contacted Surface or Corner PairsResult
1 B1 B2 Fail
2 C1 C2 Fail
3 C1 D Fail
4 C2 D Fail
5 B1C1 B2C2 Fail
6 C1D C2D Fail

7.11 Top Rail to Corner Post Attachment:

7.11.1

After testing in accordance with 8.30, play yards shall not exhibit rail attachment failure as defined in 7.11.2.

7.11.2 Rail Attachment Failure—

For the purposes of this section, “rail attachment failure” is defined as any crack in the corner brackets, fasteners pulling completely through a bracket 10 wall, or fasteners or fastener pieces becoming liberated. Audible indications during testing shall not constitute evidence of failure.

NOTE 7 — The requirements in 5.8 for Latching and Locking Mechanisms do not apply after completion of this test.

8. Test Methods

NOTE 8 — All wood blocks are fabricated from 1 in. (25 mm) nominal thickness lumber having a finished thickness of ¾ in. (19 mm) unless otherwise specified.

8.1 Component Spacing Test Apparatus:

8.1.1 Loading Wedge—

The loading wedge shall be a right triangular prism constructed of a smooth, rigid material conforming to measurements shown in Fig. A1.13.

8.1.2 Block A—

Block A shall be a rectangular block, constructed of a smooth, rigid material, measuring 2 ⅜ in. wide by 4 in. high by 4 in. long (6 cm wide by 10 cm high by 10 cm long).

8.1.3 Block B—

Block B shall be a rectangular block, constructed of a smooth, rigid material, measuring 2 ½ in. wide by 3 ¼ in. high by 3 ¼ in. long (6.3 cm wide by 8.2 cm high by 8.2 cm long).

8.2 Component-Spacing Test Method—

The apex of the wedge (see 8.1.1) shall be placed midway between two vertical components and midway between the uppermost and lowermost horizontal surfaces of the crib side. A 20-lb (9-kg) tensile force shall be applied to the wedge perpendicular to the plane of the crib side.

8.3 Test Requirements for Cutouts:

8.3.1

Place the neck of the headform probe shown in Fig. A1.15 into any cutout (partially-bounded opening) located along the upper edges of an end or side panel. The axis of the neck shall be horizontal and at right angles to the plane of the panel at the point of contact. The head portion of the probe shall be on the outer side of the panel. With the neck resting on the panel at any point within the cutout area (for compliance purposes, the commission may test at all points that could result in a failure), and the front of the probe pointing downwards, draw the head of the probe towards the panel until surface “A” makes contact with the outer side of the panel (see Fig. A1.16).

8.3.2

Press down on the neck to cause the head to swing upwards through the cutout in the panel. The probe shall not be rotated about the major axis of the neck during this procedure. The arc through which the head is swung shall be in a vertical plane and shall terminate when the major axis of the neck attains an upright position or is prevented from attaining an upright position by an obstruction. During the test, contact shall be maintained between surface “A” (or at least one of edges “AB”), the neck of the headform probe and the panel. If, during the swing to the upright position, an edge or surface other than surface “D” is contacted, sideways motion of the headform shall not be restrained, but the arc through which the headform is swung shall remain vertical.

8.3.3

If a cutout is V-shaped (the side boundaries or the tangents to the side boundaries are nowhere parallel), an additional test shall be performed on the cutout. Upon completion of the swing to the upright position, rock the headform sideways parallel to the plane of the panel while maintaining contact between surface “A” or an edge “AB” and the panel. This will result in the probe sliding toward the bottom of the cutout. The maximum angle through which the headform is rocked shall be determined by contact with the panel by a surface or edge other than “A” or “AB” or until one of the surfaces “B” is in a vertical plane.

8.3.4

During the test described in 8.3.2 and 8.3.3, no portion of the panel shall contact:
8.3.4.1
Simultaneously, more than one of surfaces “B,” “C,” or edges “BC,” “CC,” or “CD” in any combination if they are on opposing sides of the headform.
8.3.4.2
Any of surfaces “D.”

NOTE 9 — Edges are identified by the letter designations for surfaces that lie on either side of the edge.

8.4 Plastic Teething Rail Test for Rigid Sided Products:

8.4.1 Equipment:

8.4.1.1 Feeler Gage,
0.040 by 1 in. (1 by 25 mm).
8.4.1.2 Wood Block,
2 by 2 in. (50 by 50 mm).
8.4.1.3 Chatillon Push, Pull Force Gage,
DPPH-100 or equivalent.

8.4.2 Procedure for Plastic Teething Rail Test:

8.4.2.1
With plastic teething rail assembled to unit top rail, apply a 50-lbf (220-N) vertically downward force to the top of the teething rail through the hardwood block at the center top of the teething rail.
8.4.2.2
While this force is maintained, the feeler gage shall not fit between the vertical surfaces of the top rail and the inside surface or edge of the plastic teething rail (see Fig. A1.17).
8.4.2.3
Repeat at center location wherever a plastic teething rail is located.

8.5 Cyclic Test:

8.5.1 Horizontal Cyclic Testing:

8.5.1.1
The crib, including any accessories that are rigidly mounted to the crib, shall be assembled per the manufacturer’s instructions except that any wheels or casters shall not be assembled. The testing in this section shall be conducted without casters. Items, such as drawers and hampers, when assembled in the manufacturer’s recommended use positions, that are intended to move or slide and can be removed without the aid of tools shall be removed before testing.
8.5.1.2
The crib legs or base shall be restrained by an appropriate method to prohibit movement of the crib and shall not impede the application of the load or deflection of the side being tested for all phases of this test procedure.
8.5.1.3
By any appropriate means, mark and note the position and condition of all key structural elements to support evaluation of 6.12.1.
8.5.1.4
Using a rigid frame structure and an appropriately designed apparatus, apply a cyclical horizontal load of 27 ± 2 lbf (120 ± 9 N) to the geometric center of the top of each side/end assembly at a point no more than 1 in. from the top of the rail on the assembly being tested. The force shall be applied to the crib through a rigid 2 in. (51 mm) wide clamping device in both the inward and outward directions, a cycle being defined as the application of the 27 lbf force in each direction. 11 The frequency shall be no less than 155 ± 5 cycles per minute. The total number of cycles shall be 9000.

NOTE 10 — An appropriately designed apparatus for applying the 27 lbf to the crib assembly must be designed to maintain the 27 lbf for the duration of the cyclic testing. The resistance of the crib assembly may change with repeated cycling requiring a different deflection distance to achieve the constant application of 27 lbf.

8.5.1.5
Repeat steps 8.5.1.3 and 8.5.1.4 for all remaining side/end assemblies of the crib without retightening any of the fasteners.
8.5.1.6
Inspect the crib and the fasteners to ensure compliance with 6.12.

8.5.2 Vertical Cyclic Test:

8.5.2.1
The crib, including any accessories that are rigidly mounted to the crib, shall be assembled per the manufacturer’s instructions except that any wheels or casters shall not be assembled. The testing in this section shall be conducted without casters. Items, such as drawers and hampers, when assembled in the manufacturer’s recommended use positions, that are intended to move or slide and can be removed without the aid of tools shall be removed before testing.
8.5.2.2
The crib legs or base shall be restrained by an appropriate method to prohibit movement of the crib and shall not impede the application of the load or deflection of the side being tested for all phases of this test procedure.
8.5.2.3
By any appropriate means, mark and note the position and condition of all key structural elements to support evaluation of 6.12.1.
8.5.2.4
Using a rigid frame structure and an appropriately designed apparatus, apply a cyclical vertical load of 27 ± 2 lbf (120 ± 9 N) to the geometric center of the top of each side/end assembly at a point centered no more than 1 in. from the top of the rail on the assembly being tested. The force shall be applied to the crib through a rigid 2 in. (51 mm) wide clamping device in both the upward and downward directions, a cycle being defined as the application of the 27 lbf force in each direction. The frequency shall be no less than 155 ± 5 cycles per minute. The total number of cycles shall be 9000.

NOTE 11 — An appropriately designed apparatus for applying the 27 lbf to the crib assembly must be designed to maintain the 27 lbf for the duration of the cyclic testing. The resistance of the crib assembly may change with repeated cycling requiring a different deflection distance to achieve the constant application of 27 lbf.

8.5.2.5
Repeat steps 8.5.2.3 and 8.5.2.4 for all remaining assemblies of the crib without retightening any of the fasteners.
8.5.2.6
Inspect the crib and the fasteners to ensure compliance with 6.12.

8.6 Side or End Latch Test, or Both, for Rigid Sided Products:

8.6.1 Equipment—

Two 2 by 2-in. (50 by 50-mm) wood blocks for transmission of applied loads.

8.6.2

Remove casters from the unit. Secure the bottom of the unit in a manner that will prevent horizontal motion.

8.6.3 Movable Side Latch Tests:

8.6.3.1
Gradually apply within 5 s a vertically downward force of 60 lbf (270 N) through a hardwood block with 2-by-2-in. (50-by-50-mm) contact area to the upper horizontal rail of the unit side at a point that is 6 in. (150 mm) from one end of the movable side rail. While the 60-lbf (270-N) downward force is applied to the movable side, gradually apply within 5 s a 30-lbf (133-N) horizontal force in a direction parallel to the movable side. The point of application of this force is to be coincident with the horizontal extension of the longitudinal centerline of the movable side and 1 ± ½ in. (25 ±13 mm) down from the top of the unit corner post or unit end panel for construction not incorporating unit corner posts (see Fig. A1.18). Maintain this horizontal force for an additional 30 s, then reverse its direction and maintain for an additional 30 s.
8.6.3.2
Repeat this procedure at the other end of the unit movable side and, if the unit has more than one movable side, perform the test at each end of each movable side.
8.6.3.3
Upon completion of the test, release the movable side latch and operate the movable side. Then raise the side and observe whether the latch automatically engages in the manner intended by the manufacturer.

8.6.4 Hinged Drop Gate Latch Test:

8.6.4.1
Place the hinged dropgate in the latched position. Through a hardwood block with contact area of 2 by 2-in. (50 by 50-mm), gradually apply within 5 s a force of 30 lbf (130 N) horizontally outward, perpendicular to, and at a point that is 6 ± ½ in. (152 ± 13 mm) from one end of the hinged dropgate upper rail. While this 30-lbf (130-N) force is applied to the dropgate, gradually apply within 5 s a 30-lbf (130-N) horizontal force in a direction parallel to the hinged side. The point of application of this force is to be coincident with the horizontal extension of the longitudinal centerline of the hinged dropgate and 1 ± ½ in. (25 ± 13 mm) down from the top of the unit corner post or unit end panel for construction not incorporating unit corner posts (see Fig. A1.18). Maintain this horizontal force for an additional 30 s, then reverse its direction and maintain for an additional 30 s.
8.6.4.2
Place the hinged dropgate in the latched position. Through a hardwood block with contact area of 2 by 2-in. (50 by 50-mm), gradually apply within 5 s a force of 30 lbf (130 N) horizontally inward, perpendicular to, and at a point that is 6 ± ½ in. (152 ± 13 mm) from one end of the hinged dropgate upper rail. While this 30-lbf (130-N) force is applied to the dropgate, gradually apply within 5 s a 30-lbf (130-N) horizontal force in a direction parallel to the hinged dropgate. The point of application of this force is to be coincident with the horizontal extension of the longitudinal centerline of the hinged dropgate and 1 ± ½ in. (25 ± 13 mm) down from the top of the unit corner post or unit end panel for construction not incorporating unit corner posts. Maintain this horizontal force for an additional 30 s, then reverse its direction and maintain for an additional 30 s.
8.6.4.3
Repeat the procedures at the other end of the hinged dropgate. If the unit has more than one hinged dropgate, perform this test at each end of each hinged dropgate.
8.6.4.4
Upon completion of the test, release the dropgate latch and lower the dropgate. Then raise the side and observe whether the latch automatically engages in the manner intended by the manufacturer.

8.6.5 Test Procedure for Latches to Prevent Folding of a Foldable Side or End:

12
8.6.5.1
With the product in the manufacturer’s recommended use position, apply a 30-lbf (130-N) force at the center of the latch, in the direction the side folds. Gradually apply the force within 5 s and hold for an additional 30 s.
8.6.5.2
Repeat at other folding latch locations.
8.6.5.3
Upon completion of the test, inspect the latch for proper function.

8.7 Mattress Support System Vertical Impact Test for Rigid Sided Products:

8.7.1 General—

This test consists of dropping a specified weight repeatedly onto a polyurethane foam pad covered in vinyl supported by the mattress support system. The test assists in evaluating the structural integrity of the non-full size crib assembly.

8.7.2 Apparatus:

8.7.2.1
A guided free-fall impacting system machine (which keeps the upper surface of the impact mass parallel to the horizontal surface on which the crib is secured) (see Fig. A1.19).
8.7.2.2
A 45-lb (20-kg) impact mass (see Fig. A1.20 and Fig. A1.21).
8.7.2.3
A 6-in. (150-mm) long gauge.
8.7.2.4
A 2-in. (50-mm) square gauge/spacer block.
8.7.2.5
A test mattress with a 3-in. (7.6-cm) thick sheet of polyurethane foam having a density of 1.9 ± 0.4 lb/ft³ (30 ± 6 kg/m³), a 25 % indentation force deflection (IFD) of 32.4 ± 6.7 lb (144 ± 30 N) and dimensions that shall not be more than 1 in. (25 mm) shorter and 1 in. (25 mm) narrower than the respective interior dimensions of the product, covered with a tight fitting 8 to 12 gauge vinyl material (tick). The suitability of the test mattress dimensions are to be determined by placing the mattress on the mattress support and pushing it fully over to one side. Measure the gap formed between the mattress and the crib side/end assemblies, which should not be greater than 1 in. (25 mm) in both the length and width.

8.7.3 Procedure:

8.7.3.1
Adjust the mattress support to its lowest position.
8.7.3.2
Put the test mattress in place. Do NOT use the mattress supplied with the non-full size crib. The same test mattress may be used for testing more than one crib if it meets the requirements of 8.7.2.5.
8.7.3.3
Secure the product to the horizontal test plane, remove the castors if supplied. Once the test has begun, no attempt shall be made at re-tightening fasteners which may have loosened because of vibration. The test must proceed without any corrective intervention of adjusting the height difference between the drop weight and mattress, until its completion, unless extensive damage, dislodging or deformation occurs during the course of the test, in which case the test shall be terminated.
8.7.3.4
Position the geometric centre of the test mattress below the geometric centre of the impact mass.
8.7.3.5
Adjust the distance between the top surface of the mattress and bottom surface of the impact mass to 6 in. (150 mm) (using the 6-in. (150-mm) long gauge described in 8.7.2.3) when the impact mass is in its highest position. Lock the impactor mechanism at this height and DO NOT adjust the height during impacting to compensate for any change in distance due to the mattress compressing or the mattress support deforming or moving during impacting.
8.7.3.6
Allow the 45-lb (20.0-kg) impact mass to fall freely 150 times at the rate of one impact every 4 (four) s. Load retraction shall not begin until at least 2 s after the start of the drop.
8.7.3.7
Repeat the step described in 8.7.3.6 at each corner of the mattress support, with the center of the impact mass 6 in. (150 mm) from the two sides forming the corners of the non-full size crib. To position the mass for a standard rectangular shaped non-full size crib place a 2-in. (50-mm) spacer block against one of the sides of the corner to be tested and move the impact mass until it touches the spacer block (see Fig. A1.22). Repeat this process for the other side that makes up the corner to be tested (see Fig. A1.23).

8.8 Mattress Support System Test for Rigid Sided Products—

This test assists in evaluating the integrity of the attachment of the mattress support to the unit. A vertically upward force is applied to the mattress support to evaluate its attachment to the crib.

8.8.1 Equipment:

8.8.1.1 Wood Corner Block (See Fig. A1.24)—
1 ½ by 3 ½ by 12 in. (40 by 90 by 300 mm).

8.8.2 Test Procedure:

8.8.2.1
Prevent upward motion of the unit during this test.
8.8.2.2
Conduct all procedures with no mattress in the unit.
8.8.2.3
If the mattress support system utilizes a common support design at all points of attachment, testing is required in only one corner. If more than one support design is used, each point of attachment utilizing a different design must be tested.
8.8.2.4
Apply the force with the mattress support in each of the adjustment positions.
8.8.2.5
Apply the 25-lbf (110-N) force to the mattress support through the wood corner block diagonally positioned such that the centerline of this wood corner block contacts the underside of the mattress support at points 6 ± ½ in. (150 ± 13 mm) from the corner of the support. (6 in. (150 mm) from the projected corner for a mattress support not having a square corner) (see Fig. A1.24).
8.8.2.6
Apply the 25-lbf (110-N) force gradually within a period of 5 s and maintain for an additional 10 s before releasing the force.

8.9 Crib Side Test:

8.9.1 General—

This test consists of repeatedly impacting a crib side bottom rail by a specified weight. After completing the cyclic testing, structural integrity is tested by applying a static pull to the side assembly followed by a torque test of each spindle or slat.

8.9.2 Apparatus for Crib Side Cyclic Test—

The apparatus for the cyclic test (see Fig. A1.25) includes the following:
8.9.2.1
A 30-lb (13.6-kg) weight.
8.9.2.2
A 0.375-in. (9-mm) thick 30 Type A durometer rubber pad large enough to cover the impact area.
8.9.2.3
Impactor with a width of 1 in. (25 mm) and sufficient length to extend across the full width of the bottom rail.

8.9.3 Apparatus for Crib Side Static Test—

A 100-lb (45.4kg) weight.

8.9.4 Crib Side Cyclic Tests:

13
8.9.4.1
The crib is to be assembled in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions except that casters shall not be installed on the crib.
8.9.4.2
Secure the bottom ends of the crib to eliminate horizontal motion at the base.
8.9.4.3
Allow the 30-lb (13.6-kg) weight to free-fall 3 in. (76 mm) 250 times at a rate of 4 ± 1 s/cycle such that it impacts directly upon the 0.375-in. (9-mm) thick rubber pad located on the top surface of the bottom rail between two adjacent spindles or slats as near the center of the rail as possible.

8.9.5 Crib Side Static Test:

8.9.5.1
Upon completion of the cyclic test, apply a weight of 100 lb (45.4 kg) at the point of impact testing while the side is supported on the top rail at a point vertically in line with the point of weight application.
8.9.5.2
The contact area for the load and reaction support shall be the same as the impact area previously defined.
8.9.5.3
Apply the weight gradually within a period of 5 s and maintain it for an additional 30 s.

8.9.6 Crib Side Spindle/Slat Torque Test—

Apply a torque of 30 lbf-in. (3.4 N-m) at the midpoint in height of each spindle or slat.

8.10 Spindle/Slat Static Load Strength—

Testing, as defined in this section, shall be the last in the sequence of testing performed upon a crib.

8.10.1

The spindle/slat static force test shall be performed with the spindle/slat assemblies removed from the crib and rigidly supported within 3 in. of each end of the upper and lower horizontal rails in a manner that shall not interfere with a spindle/slat deflecting under the applied force. For cribs incorporating foldable or moveable sides for purposes of easier access to the occupant, storage, or transport, or a combination thereof, each side segment (portion of side separated by hinges for folding) shall be tested separately.

NOTE 12 — Rationale: During the development of the spindle/slat testing procedure, consideration wasn’t given to testing crib sides that fold either for access to the occupant or for storage and transport. While the defined testing support requirements work adequately for a crib side with no moving segments, this method does not clearly define testing procedures for segmented sides.

8.10.2

Gradually, over a period of not less than 2 s nor greater than 5 s, apply an 80 lb force (355.8 N) perpendicular to the plane of the side at the midpoint between the top and bottom of the spindle/slat being tested. This force shall be applied through a force measuring device and contact area 1 ± 1/16 in. (25.4 ± 1.6 mm) wide by a length at least equal to the width of the spindle/slat being tested at the point of application. This force shall be maintained for 10 s. The force measuring device must be capable of recording the force at breakage, if breakage occurs during this test. This force measuring device must be capable of a maximum measurement resolution of 0.25 lbf (1.11 N).

8.10.3

Test, according to 8.10.2, 25 % (rounding up to the nearest percentage, if necessary) of all spindles/slats. Spindles/ slats that offer the least resistance to bending based upon their geometry shall be selected to be tested within this grouping of 25 % except that adjacent spindles/slats shall not be tested.

8.10.4

Upon completion of testing as defined in 8.10.2 and 8.10.3, no spindle/slat shall have failed at an applied force less than or equal to 60 lbf. If no more than one spindle/slat fails and that failure occurs only as the result of an applied force greater than 60 lbf, then an additional 25 % of spindles/slats shall be tested per 8.10.2 and 8.10.3. During testing of this second 25 %, any spindle/slat failure (at or below 80 lbf) shall constitute failure of the test.

8.10.5

End vertical rails that are joined between the spindle/ slat assembly top and bottom rails are not considered spindles/ slats and do not require testing to this procedure.

8.11 Side Deflection and Strength Tests for Mesh/Fabric Products:

8.11.1 Equipment—

Wood block, 6 by 6 in. (150 by 150 mm).

8.11.2 Test Method:

8.11.2.1
Perform test described in 8.11.2.2 and 8.11.2.3 in sequence at the same location without refurbishing or adjusting the test sample.
8.11.2.2
When the unit sides fully erected, gradually apply a 50-lbf (220-N) force vertically downward over a 2-in. (50-mm) length of the top edge of side and hold for 10 s. Remove the force and measure the permanent deflection. Perform the test at locations deemed to be the weakest or the most likely to fail.
8.11.2.3
Place a 6 by 6-in. (150 by 150-mm) wooden block on the unit floor 1 ± ½ in. (25 ± 13 mm) from the center of the top edge of the side positioned so the vertical centerline is in line with the point of application of the 30-lbf (130-N) force. Center a 10-lb (4.5-kg) weight on the wooden block. Gradually apply a 30-lbf (130-N) force vertically downward over a 2 in. (50 mm) length of the side top edge. Maintain the force for 10 s while measuring the height of the side from the edge of the unit floor to the point of application of the force. Perform the test at locations deemed to be the weakest or the most likely to fail.
8.11.2.4
Erect the unit in the manufacturer’s use position against a wall or in a fixture as shown in Fig. A1.26. Apply a force of 100 lbf (450 N) over a 2-in. (50-mm) length of the top rail as close to center as possible. The force shall be applied at 45° ± 3° to the plane of the unit floor, and 90° ± 3° to the unit side rail. Apply a force gradually within 5 s and maintain for additional 10 s.

8.12 Floor Strength Test for Mesh/Fabric Products:

8.12.1 Equipment—

Two wood blocks, 6 by 6 in. (150 by 150 mm).

8.12.2 Test Method:

8.12.2.1
Remove cushions that are not part of the floor or mattress support. Place the wood blocks 6 ± ½ in. (150 ± 13 mm) apart. Place a 50-lb (23-kg) weight on one wood block and a 30 lb (14 kg) weight on the other wood block. Maintain for 60 s. Perform the test in those locations deemed to be the weakest or the most likely to fail. Remove the loads and check for structural failure.
8.12.2.2
Remove cushions that are not part of the floor or mattress support. Allow a 30-lb (14-kg) rigid weight to drop freely from a height of 3 ± ½ in. (76 ± 13 mm) onto a 6 by 6-in. (150 by 150-mm) wood block. Conduct the drop test 50 times in the same place with no more than 10 s between drops. 14 Perform the test in those locations deemed to be the weakest or the most likely to fail.

8.13 Locking Mechanism Test:

8.13.1 Dropgate Locking Device Test Method—

With the dropgate rail of the units in its uppermost position, gradually apply a force of 10 lbf (45 N) to the locking mechanism in the direction tending to unlock it. The locking mechanism shall not unlock until the force of 10 lbf (45 N) has been exceeded.

8.13.2 Folding Latch Test Method—

With the product in the manufacturer’s recommended use position, gradually apply a force of 10 lbf (45 N) to the locking mechanism in the direction tending to unlock it. The locking mechanism shall not unlock until the force of 10 lbf (45 N) is exceeded.

8.14 Mesh Opening Test:

8.14.1 Equipment:

8.14.1.1 Steel Rod—
¼ ± 0.005 in. (6.3 ± 0.1 mm) diameter with full-radius tip.

8.14.2 Test Method—

With the unit and the side rails in their fully erected position, gradually apply a force of 5 lbf (22 N) perpendicular to the plane of the mesh opening using the rod specified in 8.14.1.1. Perform the test in those locations deemed to be the weakest or the most likely to fail.

8.15 Test for Strength of Mesh and Integrity of Attachment:

8.15.1 Equipment—

Wood block, 6 by 3 in. (150 by 75 mm).

8.15.2 Test Method:

8.15.2.1
Assemble the product in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Place the product on its side so that its side lies in a horizontal plane. Secure the product so that it does not move or collapse when placed on its side. Any blocking or support necessary to maintain the position described may be used if the blocking does not act directly on the frame of the side under test.
8.15.2.2
Place the wooden block on the side of unit with 6 in. (150 mm) sides running parallel to the top rail.
8.15.2.3
Gradually apply a force of 20 lbf (90 N) on the wood block over 5 s and maintain for an additional 10 s. Gradually remove the force over 1 s.
8.15.2.4
Perform the test specified in 8.15.2.3 ten times, allowing 10 s recovery time between tests.

8.15.3

The loading procedure described in 8.15.2.3 and 8.15.2.4 shall be applied to three areas of each side of the product as follows:
8.15.3.1
At the geometrical center of the side or, where exterior framing interferes with the test, as close as possible to the geometric center;
8.15.3.2
At the top rail of the side, with the closer 3 in. (75 mm) edge of the load block between 1 and 2 in. (25 and 50 mm) from the center of the rail at the center line of the top rail; and
8.15.3.3
At the bottom rail with the closer 3 in. (75 mm) edge of the load block between 1 and 2 in. (25 and 50 mm) from the center of the rail at the center line of the top rail.

8.16 Mesh/Fabric Attachment Strength Test Method:

8.16.1

Gradually apply a force of 30 lbf (130 N) using a clamp with a ¾-in. (19-mm) diameter clamping surface to the attachment point in the direction of the force applied by the fabric shell. Gradually apply the force over 5 s and hold for an additional 10 s.

8.16.2

Repeat the test in 8.16.1 at each different type of attachment at least once per side, if present.

8.16.3

After testing in accordance with 8.16.1 and 8.16.2, inspect the attachment to determine if the attachment has separated or can be inadvertently unhooked or disconnected.

8.17 Test for Stability of Product:

8.17.1

Assemble the product in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.

8.17.2

Place the product on a sheet of ¾-in. (19-mm) plywood of such a size that all support points or legs are at least 2 in. (50 mm) from any edge of the plywood.

8.17.3

Orient the product so that one set of support points or legs in the same plane is parallel to the edge of the plywood.

8.17.4

Place the 52-lb (23-kg) stability test device described in Fig. A1.27 on the floor of the product with the 12-in. (300-mm) edge parallel to the side of the product and as close as possible to the side of the product that is parallel to the edge of the plywood.

8.17.5

Tilt the plywood about the parallel edge until the plywood forms an angle of 10° with the horizontal.

8.17.6

Repeat test for each possible orientation of the product.

8.18 Permanency of Labels and Warnings:

8.18.1

A paper label (excluding labels attached by a seam) shall be considered permanent if, during an attempt to remove it without the aid of tools or solvents, it cannot be removed, it tears into pieces upon removal, or such action damages the surface to which it is attached.

8.18.2

A non-paper label (excluding labels attached by a seam) shall be considered permanent if, during an attempt to remove it without the aid of tools or solvents, it cannot be removed or such action damages the surface to which it is attached.

8.18.3

A warning label attached by a seam shall be considered permanent if it does not detach when subjected to a 15-lbf (67-N) pull force applied in any direction most likely to cause failure using a ¾-in. (19-mm) diameter clamp surface (see Fig. A1.28). Gradually apply the force over 5 s and maintain for an additional 10 s.

8.19

Adhesion test for warnings applied directly onto the surface of the product.

8.19.1

Apply the tape test defined in Test Method B – Cross-Cut Tape Test of Test Methods D3359 eliminating parallel cuts.

8.19.2

Perform this test once in each different location where warnings are applied.

8.19.3

The warning statements shall be considered permanent if the printing in the area tested is still legible and attached after being subjected to this test.

8.20

A nonpaper label, during an attempt to remove it without the aid of tools or solvents, shall not be removed or shall not fit entirely within the small parts cylinder defined in 16 CFR 1501 if it can be removed.

8.21 Removal of Protective Components:

15

8.21.1

Test components in accordance with each of the following methods in the sequence listed:

8.21.2

Secure the unit so that it cannot move during the performance of the following tests.

8.21.3 Torque Test—

Apply a torque of 3 lbf-in. (0.5-N·m) gradually within a period of 5 s in a clockwise direction until a rotation of 180° from the original position has been attained or 3 lbf-in. (0.5-N·m) has been reached. Maintain the torque or maximum rotation for an additional 10 s. Maintain then remove the torque and permit the test components to return to a relaxed condition. Then repeat this procedure in the counterclockwise direction.

8.21.4 Tension Test:

8.21.4.1
Attach a force gage to the component cap, sleeve or plug by any suitable device. For components having a gap of 0.040 in. (1.0 mm) or more between the rear surface of the component and the structural member of the unit to which they are attached, a clamp such as shown in Fig. A1.29 may be a suitable device.
8.21.4.2
Be sure the attachment device does not compress or expand the component to hinder removal of the component.
8.21.4.3
Gradually apply a 15-lbf (67-N) force in the direction that would normally be associated with the removal of the component. Apply the force within 5 s and maintain for an additional 10 s.

8.22 Vinyl Thickness Measurement:

8.22.1 Equipment—

A paper micrometer with spring loaded foot.

8.22.2 Test Method—

Measure the thickness at four locations, one at each end and two in a location near the middle.

8.23 Test for Attachment of Storage Pouch or Other Parts With Printed Warnings—

Using a clamp with a ¾-in. (19-mm) diameter clamping surface (see Fig. A1.28) to grasp the pouch or part, gradually apply a 30-lbf (130-N) force in a direction parallel to the plane of the surface of the pouch or part it is fastened to. Apply the force over a 5 s period and hold for an additional 10 s.

8.24 Cord/Strap Length Test Method—

Using a ¾-in. (19mm) diameter clamping surface (Fig. A1.28), gradually apply a 5-lbf (22-N) force, then measure the cord length while the force is applied.

8.25 Protrusions—

Place the product in the manufacturer’s recommended use position(s) on a floor. Using the ring gage (Fig. A1.30 and Fig. A1.31), evaluate the unit’s protrusions using the following procedure. Evaluate the inside of the product from the center of the top rail to a plane 11 in. (280 mm) from the unit’s floor or uncompressed floor pad. Evaluate the outside of the product from the center of the top rail to a plane 11 in. (280 mm) from the floor. Orient the center axis of the ring gage perpendicular to the mounting surface plane of the protruding object. Attempt to place the ring gage hole over the protrusion. If the protrusion extends beyond the outer face of the ring gage, continue evaluating by means of the loop and weight gage (Fig. A1.31 and Fig. A1.32). Place the short loop around the protrusion with the weight freely hanging down. Then place the long string around the protrusion with the weight hanging over the top rail and freely hanging on the other side (Fig. A1.32).

NOTE 13 — Rationale: The ring gage comes from Specification F1487, 6.2.2 for testing for protrusions with the thickness and inside diameter modified.

The amount of weight used in Fig. A1.31 is 4.4 lb (2 kg). It is the force required for the compression of the jugular veins in the neck.⁶

At approximately 6 months of age, a child may possibly pull himself to a standing position, using objects for support. Eleven inches is at least half the height of a 5th-percentile 6-month-old.

⁶ Deppa, Shelly Waters. “Characteristics of a Catch Point Incidents Contributing to Strangulation on Crib Toys and Other Children’s Products.” U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 1992, p. 10.

8.26 Entrapment Tests:

8.26.1

The following tests shall be performed when accessories are secured to the non-full size crib/play yard in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. If there is more than one accessory, or more than one location for an accessory to be secured, the product shall be tested with the accessory or combination of accessories in the position most likely to cause failure.

8.26.2 Opening Test—

For all openings, rotate the small head probe (Fig. A1.7) to the orientation most likely to fail and gradually apply an upward or outward force (from the non-full size crib/play yard occupant area) of 25 lbf (111 N). Apply the force to the probe in the direction most likely to fail within a period of 5 s and maintain it for an additional 10 s. If the small head probe (Fig. A1.7) can pass entirely through the opening in any orientation, determine if the large head probe (Fig. A1.8) can be freely inserted through the opening.

8.26.3 Detachment Test—

Gradually apply an upward or outward force (from the non-full size crib/play yard occupant area) of 25 lbf (111 N) through a 2-in. (50-mm) diameter pad to any portion of an accessory likely to expose an opening. Apply the force within a period of 5 s. Evaluate any exposed opening for free passage of the small head probe (Fig. A1.7).

8.27 False Latch:

8.27.1

First latch all top rails except one, then depress the center floor hub, and finally try to erect and latch the unlatched top rail.

8.27.2

False latch evaluation upon completion of the step described in 8.27.1.
8.27.2.1
Top rail falls down on its own accord immediately (within 2 s)—Pass.
8.27.2.2
Top rail appears to be in manufacturer’s recommended use position for greater than 2 s but falls when a 44 N (10 lb) force is applied to top rail in a position most likely to cause it to fall. Apply the force gradually within a period of 5 s and maintain for an additional 30 s. The rail appearing to be in the manufacturer’s recommended use position but then falling with this minimal load indicates a false latch condition—Fail.
8.27.2.3
Perform test a total of five times. One failing outcome during the five tests results in failing this section.

8.27.3

Repeat the steps described in 8.27.1 and 8.27.2, leaving a different top rail unlatched until all top rails have been tested.

NOTE 14 — Rationale: There is no force specified for erecting the top 16 rails because it was agreed a reasonable force will be used as specified in the instructions. To quantify the term “immediate,” a time of 2 s was used. The false latch evaluation uses a 4.5 kg (10 lb) force because the force is attempting to overcome friction in the latch mechanism, not test the strength of the top rail.

8.28 Mattress Vertical Displacement Test:

8.28.1

Erect the play yard in the manufacturer’s recommended use position. Install and secure the mattress per the manufacturer’s instructions.

8.28.2

Attach a ¾-in. (19-mm) diameter clamping surface (see Fig. A1.28) as close to a corner of the mattress or removable segmented floor structure as possible. Apply a vertical force of 0.5 lbf (2.2 N) to remove any slack. While maintaining the force, record the vertical location of the clamp from a reference point on the clamp near the mattress surface relative to a fixed reference point.

8.28.3

Gradually apply a 15 lbf (66 N) vertical force upwards over 5 s. While maintaining the force, measure the vertical location from the reference point on the clamp relative to the fixed reference point and calculate the change in this dimension.

8.28.4

Repeat this test at the other corners and the location(s) most likely to result in failure along the edges parallel to the fold(s).

NOTE 15 — Rationale: The 5.25 in. measurement was selected because it is the approximate height of the small head probe (5th percentile, 6-month old child; see Fig. A1.7). The entrapment hazard is present if a child can fit their head between the side of the product and the raised mattress or removable segmented floor structure, and then fit their head under the mattress pad. It was decided that measurement of the horizontal distance between the raised mattress and the sides of the product would be more difficult to obtain due to the varying flexibility of the side walls typically found in play yards. Greater certainty is achieved measuring the vertical distance that a mattress or removable segmented floor structure can be raised. Compliance to either of the two conditions should result in elimination of the hazard. Therefore, measurement of the vertical distance a mattress or removable segmented floor structure can be raised is used to determine if the hazard is present, since it is the more reliable and repeatable of the two measurements.

8.29 Top Rail Configuration Test:

8.29.1 Minimum Space when Folded:

8.29.1.1
Fold the product completely.
8.29.1.2
Position the two segments of a top rail parallel to each other within ¼ in. (6 mm) or as parallel as the design permits when the corner brackets touch (see Fig. A1.33). This configuration shall be maintained for the duration of the test. The corner brackets shall not overlap when establishing parallelism of the two top rail tubes.
8.29.1.3
Reposition loose fabric or other pliable material as needed to avoid interference with the motion of the horizontal spacing probe. Reposition other components of the play yard that may obstruct motion of the horizontal spacing probe such as tubing that blocks the opening only in the folded position.
8.29.1.4
Evaluate the area directly above the hinge/latching device by placing one of the 1.5 in. (38 mm) wide surfaces of the probe on the top, outboard edge of the hinge/latching device with the 1.5 by 1.5 in. (38 by 38 mm) square face parallel to the plane created by the top rail segments. While the probe maintains contact with the top edge of the hinge/latching device, apply a force up to 10 lbf (45 N) perpendicular to the plane created by the top rail segments.
8.29.1.5
Repeat 8.29.1.2-8.29.1.4 on all other top rails (see Fig. A1.34).

NOTE 16 — Rationale: The 1.5 in. (38 mm) dimension was obtained from Surface A of Test Template B in Consumer Safety Specification F1004. Both here and in F1004-09 this dimension defines the width of a partially bounded opening below which the risk of neck entrapment is unacceptable. The rationale of F1004-09 states: “The dimensions of Test Template B are supported by the rationale contained in a CPSC memo drafted in 1985. This template has evolved from earlier templates of similar shapes and dimensions. As it now measures, it should address head/neck entrapment in V-shaped or diamond-shaped openings as its primary function.”

8.29.2 Top Rail V-Shape Configuration Test:

8.29.2.1
Perform the test in this section on each top rail with a hinge/latching device.
8.29.2.2 Test Procedure:
  1. Place the product in the manufacturer’s recommended use position with the first segment of one top rail assembly intentionally unlocked and the second locked. Other than the intentionally unlocked top rail segment, the product shall be in the manufacturer’s recommended use position. Fig. A1.35, for example, depicts a double hinge/latching device with one top rail segment locked and one top rail segment unlocked.
  2. Reposition loose fabric or other pliable material as needed to avoid interference with the angle measurement. Suspend 10 lbm (4.5 kg) from a 1 in. (25 mm) wide strap on the unlocked hinge, maintain for 10 s (see Fig. A1.35), and then remove allowing the product to reposition itself without any external assistance.
  3. Measure the angle created in (2) within 3 in. (76 mm) of the point at which the rail segment and hinge/latch device meet.
  4. Repeat (1)(3) for all other combinations where one top rail segment is locked and the other top rail segment(s) is unlocked.

NOTE 17 — Rationale: Applying and releasing 10 lbm to the unlatched top rail is an expedient method to simulate a false latch scenario. It also settles the product into a uniform configuration making angle measurements possible that can be repeated consistently and reliably across laboratories.

8.29.3

For any product in which the uppermost edge is a nonrigid member, perform a visual inspection to determine if a contact failure combination per Table 1 has occurred when a force of 30 lbf (134 N) is applied vertically downwards to Test Template B (see Fig. A1.36).

8.30 Top Rail to Corner Post Attachment Test:

8.30.1

Erect the unit in the manufacturer’s recommended use position.

8.30.2

The unit’s legs or base shall be restrained by an appropriate means to prohibit movement of the play yard which shall not impede the application of the torque or rotation of the top rail being tested for all phases of this procedure.

8.30.3 Load Application Procedure:

8.30.3.1
Mount a rigid arm weighing less than 5 lbm (2.2 kg) horizontally to the hinge/latching device at the longitudinal center of the top rail attached to two clamping surfaces, each 1 to 4 in.² (6.5 to 26 cm²) designed to firmly grasp the hinge/latching device. The arm shall be at least 24 in. (602 mm) long and extend towards the outside of the play yard.
17
8.30.3.2
Apply vertically upwards 20 lbf (89 N) perpendicular to the moment arm and horizontally 24 in. (604 mm) away from the center point of hinge/latching device (see Fig. A1.37). The direction of the applied force shall remain perpendicular to the moment arm at all times.
8.30.3.3
The load shall first be applied to twist the top rail toward the inside of the product. Apply the load until the full 20 lbf (89 N) is reached or the moment arm has rotated 90°. The load shall be applied gradually over 10 s and maintained for an additional 10 s (see Fig. A1.38).

8.30.4

Repeat 8.30.3 on the same top rail but reverse the direction of the twist toward the outside of the product by applying the load vertically downwards it (see Fig. A1.38).

8.30.5

Repeat 8.30.1-8.30.4 on all other top rails.

NOTE 18 — Rationale: Corner brackets of recalled products in CPSC’s possession failed this test with an applied moment of 20-24 ft-lbs. This test replicated failures found in the field, and is being used to verify the robustness of the connections between the top rails and the corner brackets. The 40 ft-lb (53 Nm) moment equates to a safety factor of 2 (2 × 20 ft-lbs = 40 ft-lbs.) It is recognized that the load applied does not result in a pure torque. Applying a pure torque to a fully assembled unit’s top rail without cutting or removing any mesh or fabric covering is prohibitively complex. Also, the possible top rail configuration variety would necessitate unique fixtures for each top rail shape decreasing test repeatability and consistency across laboratories. Therefore the method of loading in 8.30.3 is used for its simplicity and repeatability. Clamp surface design – shape, materials, etc. – is intentionally not specified, and surface area is given as a range, to accommodate the expected wide variety of hinge/locking mechanism designs.

8.31 Bassinet and Cradle Accessory – Sleep Surface Collapse/Tilt:

8.31.1 Equipment—

One 4.0-lbm (1.8-kg) test mass made from an aluminum bar with dimensions 1 by 4 by 10.25 in. (25 by 101 by 260 mm).

8.31.2

Determine the number of removable (that is, not permanently attached to the accessory) accessory attachment components used in the assembly of the bassinet/cradle accessory and number them 1 through n, until all removable elements are numbered.

8.31.3

Assemble the bassinet/cradle accessory to the product according to manufacturer’s instructions.

8.31.4

Establish a horizontal reference plane by placing an inclinometer on the floor of the testing area, and then zero the inclinometer.

8.31.5

Remove accessory attachment component #1 used in the assembly of the bassinet/cradle accessory and attempt to assemble the accessory back onto the product.
8.31.5.1
If the accessory can be assembled onto the product without element #1, proceed to 8.31.6.
8.31.5.2
If the accessory cannot be assembled onto the product without element #1, the accessory shall be considered to meet 5.19.2. Proceed to 8.31.8.

8.31.6

Place the 4.0-lbm (1.8-kg) test mass in the center of the sleep surface, oriented parallel with the longest side of the bassinet/cradle accessory (see Fig. A1.39). Visually determine if the bassinet/cradle accessory collapses or it no longer supports the test mass within 2 s.

8.31.7

If collapse does not occur, measure the sleep surface’s angle of incline relative to the horizontal plane established in 8.31.4 at the location(s) most likely to meet the angle requirement in 5.19.2.2. Record this angle (see Fig. A1.40).

8.31.8

Replace the removed accessory attachment component.

8.31.9

Repeat 8.31.5-8.31.8 removing and replacing each accessory attachment component (identified in 8.31.2) one at a time, starting with #2 through n and evaluating the resulting condition.

9. Marking and Labeling

9.1 Labeling:

9.1.1

Each product and its retail package shall be marked or labeled clearly and legibly to indicate the following:
9.1.1.1
The name the manufacturer, distributor, or seller, and either the place of business (city, state, and mailing address, including zip code) or telephone number, or both.
9.1.1.2
A code mark or other means that identifies the date (month and year as a minimum) of manufacture.
9.1.1.3
The markings on the product shall be permanent.
9.1.1.4
Any upholstery label required by law shall not be used to meet the requirements of 9.1.1.

9.2 Warning Statements—Each Product Shall have Warning Statements:

9.2.1

The warnings shall be easy to read and understand. The warning statements shall be in contrasting color(s) and permanent.

9.2.2

The text shall be sans serif type. The safety alert symbol “⚠” and the word ⚠WARNING⚠ shall not be less than 0.2 in. (5 mm) high and the remainder of the text shall be in characters whose upper case shall be at least 0.1 in. (2.5 mm) high except as specified in 9.3.2 and 9.3.3.

9.2.3

The warning statements in the following sections shall be addressed, unless exact wording is specifically required (please note the plain type is descriptive information; bold type is used for the warning statements that shall be addressed).

NOTE 19 — Addressed means that verbiage other than what is shown can be used as long as the intent is the same or information that is product-specific is presented.

9.3 These Warnings Have Specific Location Requirements:

9.3.1 Accessory Warning—

Non-full size crib/play yards with accessories shall include statements on the attachment addressing one of the following warnings.
9.3.1.1
The warning is not required on non-full size crib/ play yards with accessories that make the non-full size crib/ play yard unusable when the attachment is assembled according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The non-full size crib/play yard is considered to be unusable if the attachment requires the non-full size crib/play yard floor be removed from the non-full size crib/play yard and used in whole in the attachment.
9.3.1.2
For accessories intended to be used with play yard/non-full size crib occupied:

WARNING
Strangulation Hazard

Always attach {describe attachment} securely. If {describe attachment} is not secured, child in play yard/non-full size crib can lift or shift {describe attachment} and get neck trapped between {describe attachment} and non-full size crib/play yard frame.

18
9.3.1.3
For accessories intended to be removed when play yard/non-full size crib is occupied:

WARNING
Statement describing the hazard

Never leave {describe attachment} in place when child is in non-full size crib/play yard.

9.3.1.4 Location—
The warnings shall be on the accessory.

9.3.2 Mesh Drop Top Rails Warning Requirements:

9.3.2.1
Mesh products that are designed with drop top rails, as in Fig. A1.3, must address the following warning:

WARNING—NEVER LEAVE INFANT IN PRODUCT WITH SIDES DOWN.

Infant may roll into space between pad and loose mesh side causing suffocation.

9.3.2.2 Location—
Warning label shall be on either the inside of the top rail on opposite sides of the product or on two opposite saddle covers.
9.3.2.3
The words “warning,” “never leave,” and “sides down” shall be in boldface type and shall measure no less than 0.2 in. (5 mm) high.
9.3.2.4
All other words shall be standard type style and shall measure no less than 0.16 in. (4 mm) high.

9.3.3 Suffocation Warning:

WARNING

Infants can suffocate

NEVER add a mattress, pillow, comforter, or padding.

9.3.3.1 Location—
This warning statement shall be along the top rail on opposite sides of the product.
9.3.3.2
The warning symbol and the word “WARNING” shall be bold face type not less than 0.2 in. (5 mm) high. The words “Infants can suffocate” shall be in characters whose upper case is not less than 0.16 in. (4 mm) high. The remainder of the warning statement shall be standard type style whose upper case shall be at least 0.1 in. (2.5 mm) high.

9.4

These warnings must be visible in their entirety when the product is in the manufacturer’s recommended use position or must have a conspicuous warning giving their location, as follows:

WARNING
See (insert statement indicating to the user where to find the warning) for warnings

9.4.1

The following warning shall be included exactly as stated below:

WARNING
Failure to follow these warnings and the instructions could result in serious injury or death

9.4.2

Additional warning statements shall address the following (please note the plain type is descriptive information; bold type is used for the warning statements that shall be addressed).
9.4.2.1
The product, including side rails, must be fully erected prior to use.
9.4.2.2
For products with latches to prevent moving a movable side or prevent folding, add the following statement to that in 9.4.2.1:

Make sure latches are secure.

9.4.2.3
For products with removable top rails:

Top support member must be installed prior to use.
Failure to install may result in child falling out of product.

9.4.2.4
Strings can cause strangulation! Never place items with a string around a child’s neck such as hood strings or pacifier cords. Never suspend strings over product or attach strings to toys.
9.4.2.5
Discontinue use of the product when child is able to climb out or reaches the height of 35 in. (890 mm).
9.4.2.6
Child can become entrapped and die when improvised netting or covers are placed on top of product. Never add such items to confine child in product.
9.4.2.7
When child is able to pull to standing position, remove bumper pads, large toys, and other objects that could serve as steps for climbing out. For products with an adjustable height mattress support, replace this warning with the following: When child is able to pull to standing position, set mattress/base to lowest adjustment position and remove bumper pads, large toys, and other objects that could serve as steps for climbing out.
9.4.2.8
Never place product near a window where cords from blinds or drapes can strangle a child.
9.4.2.9
Products equipped with teething rails must include the following statement:

Replace teething rail if damaged, cracked, or loose.

9.4.2.10
For products that have a separate mattress that is not permanently fixed in place:

Use ONLY mattress/pad provided by manufacturer (which must be at least in. long by in. wide and not more than in. thick).

The statement in parentheses applies only to rigid sided product.

  1. For nonrectangular cribs:

Check proper fit of mattress. Should be not more than __ inches thick. The maximum gap between mattress and inside of crib border (or edge) should be no more than 1 inch.

The blank is to be filled in with a dimension complying with 5.17.

9.4.2.11
Always provide the supervision necessary for the continued safety of your child. When used for playing, never leave child unattended.
9.4.2.12
To reduce the risk of SIDS, pediatricians recommend healthy infants be placed on their back to sleep, unless otherwise advised by your physician.
9.4.2.13
Never use this product if there are any loose or missing fasteners, loose joints, broken parts, or torn mesh/ fabric. Check before assembly and periodically during use. Contact (insert manufacturer name) for replacement parts. Never substitute parts.

10. Instructional Literature

10.1

Instructions must be provided with the products and shall be easy to read and understand. Assembly, maintenance, 19 cleaning, operating, folding instructions, and warnings where applicable must be included. A means shall be provided to keep the instructions with the product.

10.1.1

If a separate instruction sheet is used, a note shall be at the top of the first page of the instructions:

Read all instructions BEFORE assembly and USE of product. KEEP INSTRUCTIONS FOR FUTURE USE. (THE STATEMENT “KEEP INSTRUCTIONS FOR FUTURE USE” shall be emphasized.) The statement “KEEP INSTRUCTIONS FOR FUTURE USE” is not required if the instructions are permanently affixed to the product.

10.1.1.1 Assembly Instructions—
Unassembled non-full-size cribs shall be accompanied by detailed instructions that shall:
  1. Include an assembly drawing;
  2. Include a list and description of all parts and tools required for assembly;
  3. Include a full-size diagram of consumer assembled the required bolts and other fasteners.

10.1.2 Warning Statements—

In warning statements located in the instructional literature, the letters of the word “WARNING” shall be not less than 0.2 in. (5 mm) high and the remainder of the text shall be in letters not less than 0.1 in. (2.5 mm) high.

10.2

The instructional literature shall contain the applicable warning statements from Section 9.

10.3

The warning statements shall address the following at a minimum if applicable:

10.3.1

Never leave child in product with side lowered. Be sure side is in raised and locked position whenever child is in product.

10.3.2

Never use plastic shipping bags or other plastic film as mattress covers not sold and intended for that purpose. They can cause suffocation.

10.3.3 Water Mattress Use—

Products not intended to hold water mattresses must address the following: Never use a water mattress with this product. Products designed to use a water mattress must specify the maximum thickness and weight of the water mattress.

10.3.4

For products intended to be refinished as described in the instructions:

If refinishing, use a nontoxic finish specified for children’s products.

11. Keywords

11.1

non-full-size crib; playpen; play yard

ANNEXES
(Mandatory Information)

A1. FIGURES

A1.1

Figure A1.1. Example of Bassinet/Cradle Accessory Attachment Component The photograph shows the corner of a play yard, with a plastic attachment device affixed to the corner.

FIG. A1.1 Example of Bassinet/Cradle Accessory Attachment Component

20 Figure A1.2. Illustration of Requirements for Crib Corner Post Extensions A crib corner post on the left is connected to a crib end or side panel on the right. The crib corner post may extend on top of the crib end by 0.06 in. max. A line from the left edge of the crib corner post to the middle of the crib end or side panel portion shown has a label that says that the corner post extension measured from lowest point on top of panel within 3 in. of outermost countour of post or elbow. CORNER POST EXTENSIONMEASURED FROM LOWESTPOINT ON TOP OF PANELWITHIN 3 in. (76 MM)OF OUTERMOST CONTOUROF POST OR ELBOW 0.06 in. Max.(1.5 mm) CRIB END OR SIDE PANEL CRIBCORNER POST

FIG. A1.2 Illustration of Requirements for Crib Corner Post Extensions

Figure A1.3. Product Frame Components Two inclined legs are connected at the top by the top rail saddle. The point where the right inclined leg meets the top rail saddle is labelled Point A. On the left inclined leg, we see a hinge leg extend from the middle of the incline leg up and to the left, and connecting to the middle of the drop top rail. The drop top rail is connected to the left point of the top rail saddle. The middle of the hinge legs attachment is called the saddle and they are labelled points C. ON the right inclined leg, the hinge legs and the other portions of the mechanism are folded down, and two lines are pointing to the saddle mechanism with the indicator that these are points B. Drop Top Rail Top Rail LockingMechanism Hinge Legs Inclined Leg Points "C" Saddle Top Rail Saddle Point "A" Point "B"

FIG. A1.3 Product Frame Components

21 Figure A1.4. Top Rail Assembly With Central Hinge(s) That Move Vertically Downward Two diagrams are presented. On the left is a fully-assembled play yard. On the right is a play yard with two of the top rails bent downward in the middle, collapsing the play yard.

FIG. A1.4 Top Rail Assembly With Central Hinge(s) That Move Vertically Downward

Figure 1. Opening Examples Figure 1 shows a tube with a hole in it. An inset shows a release button that pokes through that hole, which when depresses allows one to fold the stroller. A second inset shows the maximum depths of the hole per Clause 5.6. < 0.375 (9.53 mm) 0.375(9.53 mm)Max.

FIG. A1.5 Opening Example

22 Figure A1.6. Accessory That Attaches to the Play Yard on one Side and Rests on the Play Yard on the Other Side A person is lifting up an accessory that is attached to one side of the play yard.

FIG. A1.6 Accessory That Attaches to the Play Yard on one Side and Rests on the Play Yard on the Other Side

Figure A1.7. Small Head Probe The diagram shows 3 views of the head probe. From the top, the probe is an ellipse (stadium oval) 5.7 in. wide and 4.3 in. high and the circular portion of the ellipse is 2.15 in radius. From the side there is a rectangle with a half-elipse on the top. The object is 5.2 in. high and 5.7 in. wide at the base. On the bottom of the base, there is the handle. The circular part of the ellipse has a radius of 2.15 inches (typical). From the other side, it looks like a rectangle with a half-circle on top. The half-circle has a radius of 2.15 inches typically. 4.3 in.(109 mm) 5.2 in.(132 mm) 2.15 in. (54.6 mm)Rad. Typical 2.15 in. (54.6 mm)Rad. Typical 2.15 in. (54.6 mm)Rad. Typical 5.7 in. (145 mm) Base of Probe Handle

NOTE 1 — Dimensions are based on a 5th percentile 6-month-old child. Gage may be modified to facilitate testing to allow for pulling of the gage.

FIG. A1.7 Small Head Probe

23 Figure A1.8. Large Head Probe The end view is a circle of diameter of 9 inches. The side view is a trapezoid with the narrow part on the bottom. The bottom is 8.0 inches in diameter and 3 inches high. On top of that is a 1-inch high rectangle, labeled "base of probe." There is a handle sticking up from the base. SIDE VIEW HANDLE END VIEW Base of Probe 1.0 IN. (25mm) 4.0 IN.(100mm) 8.0 IN.DIA(200mm) 9.0 IN. DIA.(230 mm)

NOTE 1 — The 9.0 in. diameter is based on the back-of-head to tip-of-chin dimension for a 97th percentile 3-year-old.

FIG. A1.8 Large Head Probe

24 Figure A1.9. Evaluation on the Underside of Accessory This photograph shows an accessory on top of a play yard. A human is holding the restraint strap that is attached to the underside.

FIG. A1.9 Evaluation on the Underside of Accessory

Figure A1.10. Entrapment in Restraint Straps The photograph shows the restraint strap draped over the edge. A human is attempting to insert the head probe through the straps.

FIG. A1.10 Entrapment in Restraint Straps

25 Figure A1.11. Moveable Sides for Rigid Sided Products This diagram has two mattresses on the bottom of the diagram. The lowermost mattress is labelled "Mattress support in lowest adjustable postition." Higher up, there is a label that says "mattress support in highest position." Above that is a dotted line that says "cribe side in the lowest adjustable position." Finally, at the very top is a solid line that says "crib side in the highest position." The distance from the top of the bottom mattress to the crib side in the highest position is 20 inches, and to the bottom of that mattress is 22 inches. The distance from the The distance from the crib side in the lowest position to the top of the mattress support in the highest position is 3 inches, to the bottom of that mattress is 6 inches. The distance from the top of the mattress support in the lowest position to the crib side in the lowest position is labelled "no moveable section less than 14 inches from mattress in lowest position." Mattress Mattress Crib side in the highestadjustable position Crib side in the lowestadjustable position Mattress support inhighest position Mattress support in lowestadjustable position 20 Inches(50.8 cm)minimum 3 Inches(7.6 cm)minimum 6 Inches(12.7 cm)minimum 22 Inches(56.8 cm)minimum No moveable section less than 14 inches (35.6 cm)from mattress in lowest position

FIG. A1.11 Moveable Sides for Rigid Sided Products

Figure A1.12 This diagram shows on the top the crib height of the stationary side. Below that is a mattress labelled "mattress support in highest position." Below that is a mattress labelled "mattress support in lowest adjustable position." The disatnce from the bottom of the mattress in the lowest position to the crib height is 22 inches, from the top of that mattress is 20 inches. The distance from the top of the mattress in the highest position to the crib height is 9 inches. Mattress Mattress Crib height ofstationary side Mattress support inhighest position Mattress support in lowestadjustable position 20 Inches(50.8 cm)minimum 9 Inches(22.8 cm)minimum 22 Inches(55.8 cm)minimum

FIG. A1.12 Stationary Sides for Rigid Sided Products

26 Figure A1.13. Loading Wedge This diagram depicts a right triangular prism shaped wedge. On top of that wedge is a steel eyebolt 1/4 x 3 inches, connected with 2 1/4 inch steel nutes, 2 1/4 inche steel plain washers and 1 1/4 inch lockwasher. The prism device is 2-1/8 inches tall. From the center of the device to the edge is 2-3/8 inches. 45° 120mm / 4-3/4" 60mm / 2-3/8" 19mm3/4" 38mm1-1/2" 54mm2-1/8" 45° 90° 1 -- 1/4 x 3" STL EYEBOLT2 -- 1/4" STL NUTS2 -- 1/4" STL PLAIN WASHRS1 -- 1/4" LOCKWASHER

FIG. A1.13 Loading Wedge

27 Figure A1.14. Horizontal Spacing Probe This photograph shows a rectangular block made out of aluminum, to the top fo which is affixed an aluminum cylinder.

NOTE 1 — Dimensions: 1.5 by 1.5 in. (38 by 38 mm) cross section with 3 in. (75 mm) minimum length with ⅛ in. (3 mm) radius corners. Material: Aluminum with a smooth finish.

FIG. A1.14 Horizontal Spacing Probe

28 Figure A1.15. Headform Probe This detailed diagram of a headform probe shows four views. For the rear view, letters identify different surfaces. The middle of the back of the head is D. The top of the head is labelled D as is the bottom middle. The left sides of the head are labelled C. The bottom left and right edges of the head are labelled B. The neck is labelled A. A second diagram is also the rear view, and there are a large number of measurements indicating dimensions. The head is 7.5 inches high and 4/58 wide at the top. There are is also a front view and a top view with measurements. The head is 5 11/16 wide from the top view. DIMENSIONS ARE SHOWN IN INCHES ANDWILL BE USED FOR COMPLIANCE PURPOSESMILLIMETERS, SHOWN IN PARENTHESIS, AREFOR CONVENIENCE ONLY. REAR VIEW—IDENTIFYING SURFACES 45°(Typ) 45°(Typ) ~9(~230) 2 27/32(72) 1 1/2 DIA(38) 2(Typ)(50) 7 1/4(184) 4 1/2(114) 1 13/16(Ref)(47) 5 11/16(145) 17/32 (Typ) (14) 4 5/8 (Ref)(117) (43)1 11/16 (Ref) 3 (Typ) (76) 7 1/2 (190) 2 1/2 (Typ) (64) 2 (Ref) (50) 1 15/16 (Typ) (49) "C" "C" "C" "C" "C" "C" "C" "C" "B" "B" "D" "D" "D" "A" ~ 9(~230) 1 7/8 (Ref) (48) 1 1/8 (Typ) (29) 4 1/2(114) 2(50) FRONT

FIG. A1.15 Headform Probe

Figure A1.16. Test Requirement for Cutouts This very poorly done diagram shows a headform probe. From the neck to the top of the head is the neck axis. The swing axis is a line 90 degrees perpendicular to the neck axis on the middle of the head form and the swing rotates around that axis. 90° 90° SWING AXIS NECK AXIS

FIG. A1.16 Test Requirement for Cutouts

29 Figure A1.17. Teething Rail Test The diagram shows a top rail section, with the teething rail on the very top of that. A 50 lbf force is applied to the center point of the rail. There is a feeler gauge affixed to the rail just below where the teething rail ends. A line on the other side of the teething rail points upwards and is labelled "reaction" 50 Lbf FORCE (220 N) TEETHING RAIL REACTION TOP RAIL SECTION FEELER GAUGE 50 Lbf FORCE(220 N) CENTER POINT OF RAIL TEETHING RAIL TOP RAIL FEELER GAUGE

FIG. A1.17 Teething Rail Test

30 Figure A1.18 This is an engineering diagram with two parts. On top is the drop gate side test. Below that is the moveable side test. For the drop gate side test, a 30 lb force is applied to the folding side top rail on top of the side spindles, at least 6 inches from the side rail with a 2x2 inch block. Another 30 lbf force is aplied directly to the side rail, holding 30 seconds in each direction. The bottom diagram also shows a side rail, with a dropside top rail extending outwards from it and side spindles descending from the dropside top rail. A 2x2 inch block is put on top of the dropside top rail and a 60 lbf vertical force is applied. A 30 lbf horizontal force is applied to the side rail, and is held 30 second in each direction. 2" x 2" BLOCK (50 by 50 mm) FOLDING SIDE TOP RAIL 6"(150 mm) DROP GATE SIDE TEST 6"(150 mm) 2"(50 mm) 2"(50 mm) SIDE SPINDLES 60 Lbf VERTICAL FORCE DROPSIDE TOP RAIL 30 Lbf FORCE (130 N) 1"(25 mm) POST MOVEABLE SIDE TEST 30 Lbf FORCE (130 N)(HOLD 30 SECONDS IN EACH DIRECTION) LATCH MECHANISM 2" x 2" BLOCK (50 by 50 mm) SQUARE CRIB ROD 1"(25 mm) 30 Lbf HORIZONTAL FORCE (130 N)(HOLD 30 SECONDS IN EACH DIRECTION) POST SIDE SPINDLE

FIG. A1.18 Side Latch Test

31 Figure A1.19. Typical Test Frame An open frame is constructed in the shape of a rectangular box. On top of the frame in the middle are two tubes extending across to which the test frame is attached. The test frame extends above the box with two vertical tubes, on top of which is a horizontal tube. Connected to that is an air cylinder going down to the top of the box, and below that is the probe extending into the box. AIR CYLINDER FRAME FRAME FRAME FRAME FRAME

FIG. A1.19 Typical Test Frame

32 Figure A1.20. Profile of Impact Mass The impact mass is a cylinder 200 mm in diameter with a rounded end. The rounding on the end is an arc based on an imaginery circle has a radius of 260 mm. The labels say both diameter and diametre as well as radius and rayon and the dimensions are in mm, indicating that the diagram comes from a European source, but no attribution is listed. 260 mm (±2 mm)RADIUSRAYON 5 mm(±0.5 mm)RADIUSRAYON 200 mm (±2 mm)DIAMETERDIAMETRE

FIG. A1.20 Profile of Impact Mass

Figure A1.21. View of Impact Mass The photograph shows the 45-lb impact mass descending into the test frame.

FIG. A1.21 View of Impact Mass

Figure A1.22. Spacer Block This photograph shows a spacer block being held on one side of a the side rails of a play yard.

FIG. A1.22 Spacer Block

Figure A1.23. Spacer Block This photograph shows a spacer block being held on the other side of a the side rails of a play yard.

FIG. A1.23 Spacer Block

33 Figure A1.24. Typical Mattress Support Detail This diagram is a perspective view of a mattress support frame, showing two of the edges at a 90 degree angle (e.g., a corner of the frame). A wooden block is attached at a 45 degree angle to the bottom of the mattress support frame on one side of the frame 6 inches from a corner, extending to the other part of the frame, again 6 inches from the corner. In the center of the wood block, a 25 lbf force is applied upwards to the bottom of the wood block. 25 Lbf FORCE (111 N) MATTRESS SUPPORT FRAME WOOD CORNER BLOCK TO C L AREA OF APPLICATION FOR ALTERNATIVE 25 Lbf FORCE (110 N) MATTRESS SUPPORT FRAME (150mm) TO CENTER 6" TO CENTER (150 mm) 6" PERSPECTIVE VIEW 45°

NOTE 1 — Force may have to be applied from underside or drill hole for scale accessories, if support is of solid material.

FIG. A1.24 Typical Mattress Support Detail

34 Figure A1.25. Typical Side Assembly Test Fixture A pipe frame support is placed over the play yard, with a pneumatic cylinder extending down. A 30 lb weight is at the bottom of the device, and an impactor is fitted through the side rails. When the weight is released, it impacts the bottom rail of the assembly. PIPE FRAME SUPPORT PNEUMATICCYLINDER MECHANICALLINKAGE RELEASE HOOK IMPACTOR 30LB(13.6KG)

FIG. A1.25 Typical Side Assembly Test Fixture

35 Figure A1.26. Two Methods for Testing in Accordance with 8.11.2.4. The test fixture is in the shape of a V, with each side angled 45% from the floor. This allows the unit being tested to rest on one of the corners, and then a force of 100 lbf is applied to the opposite corner. Below that diagram is a second diagram,showing a floor and a wall at 90 degrees. A box is constructed with one side on the wall, the other up from the floor. Again, this allows the unit to be inserted with one corner of the unit against the bottom right of the frame, and then a force of 100 lbf is applied to the opposite corner. Apply a force of100 lbf (450 N) 45° FLOOR_ TEST FIXTUREBUILT TOSUIT YOUR UNIT TEST FIXTURE FIG._ 45° Apply a force of100 lbf (450 N) FLOOR WALL

FIG. A1.26 Two Methods for Testing in Accordance with 8.11.2.4

Figure A1.27. Stability Test Device The stability test device is shelving with a base, 3 shelves, then a top shelf. The shelving is 20.87 inches from top to bottom, it is 5.91 inches deep, and 11.81 inches wide. Shelf 1 is 3.93 inches from the top. Shelf 2 is 7.87 inches from the top. Shelf 3 is 11.81 inches from the top. Shelf 1 Shelf 2 Shelf 3 Base (300 mm) 11.81" 5.91" (150 mm) (100 mm) 3.93" (200 mm) 7.87" (300 mm) 11.81" (530 mm) 20.87"

NOTE 1 —Ballast Loads:
Shelves: 1 to 3; 14.91 lb (6.75 kg) each.
Base: As required to make up total weight of 51.6 lb (23 kg).

FIG. A1.27 Stability Test Device

Figure A1.28. A ¾-in. (19-mm) Diameter Clamp This diagram indicates a pair of pliers with a 3/4 inch diameter plain steel washer affixed on the jaw tips. BRAZE 3/4 in. Dia. PLAIN STL WASHERTO JAW TIPS

FIG. A1.28 A ¾-in. (19-mm) Diameter Clamp

Figure A1.29. Tension Test Adaptor/Clamp The diagram shows the adaptor/clamp with a maximum tension of 15 lbf. 15 lbf (67 N)Maximum Tension

FIG. A1.29 Tension Test Adapter/Clamp

36 Figure A1.30. Ring Gage The ring gage is a plastic washer of 1 inch diameter, 0.12 inch thickness, and the inner circle of the washer is 0.625 inches diameter. 0.625 in. dia.(15.88 mm) 0.12 in. (3.2 mm) 1.0 in. Dia.(25 mm) Material: Plastic

FIG. A1.30 Ring Gage

Figure A1.31. Weight Gage The weight gage is a block that weighs 4.4 pounds and is 2.5 inches wide. On top of that is a loop 6 inches in circumference and a second loop that is 30 inches or more as needed in circumference. 30 in. (760 mm)or more as neededCircumference of the loop 6 in. (150 mm)Circumference of the loop 4.4 lb.(2.0 kg) 2.5 in.O.D.(64 mm)

NOTE 1 — Material: steel and #18 seine twine/mason line

FIG. A1.31 Weight Gage

Figure A1.32. Test over Top Rail This diagram shows the floor, on top of which is the play unit's floor and extending over that is the side of the unit and the top rail. The test apparatus is draped over the top rail, with the weight on the test apparatus on the outside. CENTER OFTOPRAIL WEIGHT UNIT'S FLOOR FLOOR

FIG. A1.32 Test over Top Rail

Figure A1.33. Example of Folded Product whose Top Rails cannot be Made Parallel The photograph shows a folded up play yard. At the top of the photograph, there is an annotation pointing to the edges of the playyard that indicates that the top corner brackers contact preventing top rail tubes from being positioned parallel within 1/4 inch.

FIG. A1.33 Example of Folded Product whose Top Rails cannot be Made Parallel

37 Figure A1.34. Horizontal Spacing Probe Inserted Between Top Rail Segments per 8.29.1.4. The horizontal spacing probe (which is the shiny aluminum rectangle with a cylinder) is inserted with the square end into the space between the top rail segments when the device is folded up.

FIG. A1.34 Horizontal Spacing Probe Inserted Between Top Rail Segments per 8.29.1.4

Figure A1.35. Double Latching Device with One Latch Unlocked and 10 lbm Suspended from Hinge A hinge connecting two segments is depicted with the two segments angled upwards and the hinge at the bottom of the diagram. The weight is attached to the hinge with a cord, the weights hanging down on either side. The angle between the two segments is labeled "included angle" Included Angle

NOTE 1 — Mass in this example is comprised of two 5 lbm iron plates.

FIG. A1.35 Double Latching Device with One Latch Unlocked and 10 lbm Suspended from Hinge

38 Figure A1.36. Test Template B Test template B is shaped like a head. The top is a semi-circle, below that is a rectangle, below that is a trapezoid with the small side of the trapezoid at the bottom. The small side is labeled surface A and is 1.5 inches long. The two angled sides of the trapezoid are labelled surface B1 on the left and Sruface B2 on the right. There is a 75 degree angle between those two lines. The left side of the rectangle is labelled Surface C1 and the right side is labelled Surface C2. The arc on top is labelled Surface D. The arc is 2.0 inches high, and has a radius of 2.97 inches from the center of the rectangle. The length from one side of the rectangle to the other is 5.6 inches. The height from the bottom of the trapezoid to the top of the arc is 7.0 inches. 5.6in [ 143mm ] 2.0in [ 51mm ] 7.0in [ 178mm ] 1.5in [ 38mm ] Radus 2.97in [ 75mm ] SURFACE 'D' SURFACE 'A' SURFACE 'B1' SURFACE 'B2' SURFACE 'C1' SURFACE 'C2' 75deg

NOTE 1 — Test Template B shall be constructed of a smooth, rigid material not less than ⅛ in. thick.

FIG. A1.36 Test Template B

39 Figure A1.37. Moment Arm Formed by Applying a 20 lbf 24 in. From the Centerline of the Top Rail On the right of the diagram there is the left frame of a playyard (e.g., a box). Affixed to the middle of the left side is a red line extending out perpendicular 24 inches. One arrow pointing down to the end of that line is labelled 20 lbf downward, another arrow pointing up to the end of that line is labelled 20 lbf upward. 20 lbfDOWNWARD 20 lbfUPWARD 24 in.

FIG. A1.37 Moment Arm Formed by Applying a 20 lbf 24 in. From the Centerline of the Top Rail

Figure A1.38. Axis of Rotation Parallel to Top Side Rail On the right of the diagram there is the left frame of a play yard (e.g., a box). An arrow going from the inside of the box towards the outside is labelled outboard rotation. Another arrow curling in from the outside in is labelled inboard rotation. Inboard Rotation Outboard Rotation

FIG. A1.38 Axis of Rotation Parallel to Top Side Rail

Figure A1.39. Test Mass Positioned for Bassinet/Cradle Accessory Sleep Surface Test The photograph shows a bassinet/cradle accessory with a weight in the middle.

FIG. A1.39 Test Mass Positioned for Bassinet/Cradle Accessory Sleep Surface Test

40 Figure A1.40 The photograph shows a bassinet/cradle accessory with a weight in themiddle and the angle test device resting on top of the surface.

FIG. A1.40 Bassinet/Cradle Accessory Sleep Surface Test Angle Measurement

A2. DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR PROTRUSIONS

A2.1 Purpose and Scope

A2.1.1

This annex provides guidance for design practices intended to encourage the careful examination of product characteristics and configurations with respect to safety. As there are no objective means for determining conformance with these design guidelines, they are not to be used to judge compliance with this specification.

A2.2 Guidelines

A2.2.1

Designs for all protrusions on play yards should be accomplished in a manner that minimizes the potential for strings, ribbons, elastic, or parts of clothing to become caught on the product, such that an infant is placed in a dangerous predicament in which possible strangulation could occur.

A2.2.2

Examples of the implementation of good design practices for play yards environments include the following:
A2.2.2.1
Rounded corners with the use of generous radii wherever possible.
A2.2.2.2
Smooth contours that minimize abrupt changes in shape that could easily become a catch point for strings, ribbons, elastic, or loose clothing.
A2.2.2.3
Isolation of fastening hardware using recesses, counter-bores, or other similar methods.
A2.2.2.4
Reduction of the potential for any mismatch of surfaces where a catch point could develop.

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