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EAS 284:2011
ICS 67.060
EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY
HS 1008.20.00 [HS 1008.20.29]
© EAC 2011
Second Edition 2011
iDevelopment of the East African Standards has been necessitated by the need for harmonizing requirements governing quality of products and services in East Africa. It is envisaged that through harmonized standardization, trade barriers which are encountered when goods and services are exchanged within the Community will be removed.
In order to meet the above objectives, the EAC Partner States have enacted an East African Standardization, Quality Assurance, Metrology and Test Act, 2006 (EAC SQMT Act, 2006) to make provisions for ensuring standardization, quality assurance, metrology and testing of products produced or originating in a third country and traded in the Community in order to facilitate industrial development and trade as well as helping to protect the health and safety of society and the environment in the Community.
East African Standards are formulated in accordance with the procedures established by the East African Standards Committee. The East African Standards Committee is established under the provisions of Article 4 of the EAC SQMT Act, 2006. The Committee is composed of representatives of the National Standards Bodies in Partner States, together with the representatives from the private sectors and consumer organizations. Draft East African Standards are circulated to stakeholders through the National Standards Bodies in the Partner States. The comments received are discussed and incorporated before finalization of standards, in accordance with the procedures of the Community.
Article 15(1) of the EAC SQMT Act, 2006 provides that “Within six months of the declaration of an East African Standard, the Partner States shall adopt, without deviation from the approved text of the standard, the East African Standard as a national standard and withdraw any existing national standard with similar scope and purpose”.
East African Standards are subject to review, to keep pace with technological advances. Users of the East African Standards are therefore expected to ensure that they always have the latest versions of the standards they are implementing.
© East African Community 2011 — All rights reserved*
East African Community
P O Box 1096
Arusha
Tanzania
Tel: 255 27 2504253/8
Fax: 255-27-2504481/2504255
E-Mail: eac@eachq.org
Web: www.each.int
* © 2011 EAC — All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for EAC Partner States’ NSBs.
iiThis standard has been developed to take into account:
| Contents | ||||
| 1 | Scope | 1 | ||
| 2 | Normative references | 1 | ||
| 3 | Terms and Definitions | 2 | ||
| 4 | Quality requirements | 3 | ||
| 4.1 | General quality requirements | 3 | ||
| 4.2 | Specific requirements | 3 | ||
| 4.2.1 | Graded pearl millet | 3 | ||
| 4.2.2 | Ungraded pearl millet | 3 | ||
| 4.2.3 | Reject grade pearl millet | 3 | ||
| 5 | Contaminants | 4 | ||
| 5.1 | Heavy metals | 4 | ||
| 5.2 | Pesticide residues | 4 | ||
| 5.3 | Mycotoxin limits | 5 | ||
| 6 | Hygiene | 5 | ||
| 7 | Packaging | 5 | ||
| 8 | Marking or labelling | 5 | ||
| 9 | Sampling | 6 | ||
Pearl millet grains — Specification
This East African Standard specifies the requirements and methods of sampling and test for whole and decorticated pearl millet of the Senegalese varieties (cultivars) “souna” and “sanio” grown from Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br. intended for human consumption.
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text constitute provisions of this East African Standard
ISO 605, Pulses — Determination of impurities, size, foreign odours, insects, and species and variety — Test methods
ISO 711, Cereals and cereal products — Determination of moisture content (Basic reference method)
ISO 712, Cereals and cereal products — Determination of moisture content — Routine reference method
ISO 5223, Test sieves for cereals
ISO 6639-1, Cereals and pulses — Determination of hidden insect infestation — Part 1: General principles
ISO 6639-2, Cereals and pulses — Determination of hidden insect infestation — Part 2: Sampling
ISO 6639-3, Cereals and pulses — Determination of hidden insect infestation — Part 3: Reference method
ISO 6639-4, Cereals and pulses — Determination of hidden insect infestation — Part 4: Rapid methods
ISO 13690, Cereals, pulses and milled products — Sampling of static batches
ISO 16050, Foodstuffs — Determination of aflatoxin B 1, and the total content of aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 in cereals, nuts and derived products — High performance liquid chromatographic method
EAS 38, Labelling of pre-packaged foods — Specification
EAS 79, Cereals and pulses as grain — Methods of sampling
EAS 217, Methods for the microbiological examination of foods
EAS 39, Code of Hygiene Practice in Food and Drink Manufacturing Industry
CODEX Stan 193, Codex general Standards for contaminants and toxins in Food and Feed
1For the purpose of this East African Standard, the following definitions shall apply.
the whole or decorticated grain of the species Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br.
grains of pearl millet obtained after proper threshing
grains of pearl millet from which the outer parts have been removed in an appropriate manner using mechanical treatment (for example abrasion).
all organic and inorganic material other than pearl millet, broken kernels, other grains and filth. Foreign matter includes loose Pearl millet seed coats.
any edible grains (including oil seeds) other than the one which is under consideration
grains that are broken, sprouted or damaged as a result of heat, microbe, moisture or weather
grains that are not properly developed
grains that are partially or wholly bored by insects injurious to grains but does not include germ eaten grains and egg spotted grains
any seed which if present in quantities above permissible limit may have damaging or dangerous effect on health, organoleptic properties or technological performance such as Jimson weed — Datura (D. fastuosa Linn and D. stramonium Linn.) corn cokle (Agrostemma githago L., Machai Lallium remulenum Linn.) Akra (Vicia species), Argemone mexicana, Khesari and other seeds that are commonly recognized as harmful to health
2Pearl millet shall meet the following general requirements/limits as determined using the relevant standards listed in Clause 2:
Pearl millet grains shall be in form of well-filled seeds of uniform colour.
Pearl millet shall be graded into three grades on the basis of the tolerable limits established in Table 1 which shall be additional to the general requirements set out in this standard.
Shall be pearl millet which do not fall within the requirements of Grades 1, 2, and 3 of this standard but are not rejected pearl millet.
Note: For Tanzania and Burundi this requirement shall not apply.
This comprises pearl millet grains which have objectionable odour, off flavour, living insects or which do not possess the quality characteristics specified in Table 1. They cannot satisfy the conditions of ungraded pearl millet grains and shall be graded as reject pearl millet grains and shall be regarded as unfit for human consumption.
3| Characteristic | Grade | Method of test | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | |||
| Foreign matter, whole grains, % by mass, max. | Organic | 0.25 | 0.50 | 0.75 | ISO 605 |
| Inorganic | 0.10 | 0.25 | 0.25 | ||
| Foreign matter, decorticated, % by mass, max. | 0.5 | ||||
| Other edible grains, % by mass, max. | 2.0 | 2.5 | 3.0 | ||
| Damaged grain, % by mass, max. | 1.0 | 2.0 | 4.0 | ||
| Immature and shrivelled, % by mass, max. | 3.0 | 5.0 | 8.0 | ||
| Weevilled grains per cent by count | 2.5 | 4.0 | 6.0 | ||
| Moisture content | 12.0 | 13.0 | 13 | ISO 711/712 | |
| Crude protein, % by dry mass basis, min | 8.0 | EAS 82 | |||
| Ergot affected grains %m/m | 0.05 | EAS 82 | |||
| Fat content, % by dry mass basis | |||||
| whole millet grains | 3.5 to 6.0 | ISO 5986:1983 | |||
| decorticated millet grains | 2.0 to 4.0 | ISO 5986:1983 | |||
| Total ash (decorticated) % by dry mass, max | 1.0 | EAS 82 | |||
| Tannin content, % by mass, max. | 0.5 | ISO 9648 | |||
| 1000 Kernel weight, g | |||||
| Whole millet grains | 5.0 to 10.0 | Undefined | |||
| Decorticated millet grains | 4.0 to 8.0 | Undefined | |||
| 1 litre weight, g | 750 to 820 | Undefined | |||
| Decortication %m/m max | 20 | Undefined | |||
| Crude fibre, % by dry mass basis: | |||||
| whole millet grains | 3.0 to 4.5 | ISO 5498 | |||
| decorticated millet grains %m/m max | 2.0 | ||||
| Total Aflatoxin (AFB1+AFB2+AFG1 +AFG2)), ppb max | 10 | ISO 16050 | |||
| Aflatoxin B1 only, ppb max | 5 | ||||
| Fumonisin ppm max | 2 | ||||
| NOTE Foreign matter is mineral or organic matter (dust, twigs, seed coats, seeds of other species, dead insects, fragments, or remains of insects, other impurities of animal origin). Pearl millet grains shall have not more than 1% extraneous matter of which not more than 0.25% shall be mineral matter and not more than 0.10% shall be dead insects, fragments or remains of insects, and/or other impurities of animal origin. | |||||
Pearl millet grains shall comply with those maximum limits for heavy metals established by the Codex Alimentarius Commission for this commodity.
Pearl millet grains shall comply with those maximum pesticide residue limits established by the Codex Alimentarius Commission for this commodity.
4Note: where the use of certain pesticides is prohibited by some Partner States, then it shall be notified to all Partner States accordingly.
Pearl millet grains shall comply with those maximum mycotoxin limits established by the Codex Alimentarius Commission for this commodity. In particular, total aflatoxin levels in pearl millet grains for human consumption shall not exceed 10 µg/kg (ppb) with B1 not exceeding 5 µg/kg (ppb) when tested according to ISO 16050.
Pearl millet shall be produced, prepared and handled in accordance with the provisions of appropriate sections of EAS 39
When tested by appropriate standards of sampling and examination listed in Clause 2, the products:
| Type of micro-organism | Limits | Test method | |
|---|---|---|---|
| i) | Yeasts and moulds, max. per g | 104 | EAS 217 |
| ii) | S.aureus per 25 g | Not detectable | |
| iii) | E. Coli, max. per g | Not detectable | |
| iv) | Salmonella, max. per 25 g | Not detectable |
Pearl millet grains shall be packed in suitable packages which shall be clean, sound, free from insect, fungal infestation and the packing material shall be of food grade quality
Pearl millet grains shall be packed in containers which will safeguard the hygienic, nutritional, and organoleptic qualities of the products.
The containers, including packaging material, shall be made of substances which are safe and suitable for their intended use. They shall not impart any toxic substance or undesirable odour or flavor to the product.
Each package shall contain pearl millet grains of the same type and of the same grade designation.
If pearl millet grains are presented in bags, the bags shall also be free of pests and contaminants.
Each package shall be securely closed and sealed.
In addition to the requirements in EAS 38, each package shall be legibly and indelibly marked with the following:
Sampling shall be done in accordance with the EAS 79/ISO 13690.
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